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Related Party Transactions
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions Related Party Transactions

The Company charges certain fees relating to its co-investments for asset management, property management, development and redevelopment services. These fees from affiliates totaled $3.5 million and $3.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $6.9 million and $6.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. All of these fees are net of intercompany amounts eliminated by the Company. The Company netted development and redevelopment fees of $1.3 million and $1.0 million against general and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $2.4 million and $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

In November 2017, the Company provided a $29.5 million related party bridge loan to a property acquired by BEX III. The note receivable accrued interest at 3.5% and was paid off in January 2018.

The Company’s Chairman and founder, Mr. George M. Marcus, is the Chairman of the Marcus & Millichap Company ("MMC"), which is a parent company of a diversified group of real estate service, investment, and development firms. Mr. Marcus is also the Co-Chairman of Marcus & Millichap, Inc. ("MMI"), and Mr. Marcus owns a controlling interest in MMI, a national brokerage firm listed on the New York Stock Exchange. 

In June 2019, the Company acquired Brio, a 300 unit apartment home community located in Walnut Creek, CA. The Company issued DownREIT limited partnership units to an affiliate of MMC, based on a contract price of $164.9 million. The property is encumbered by $98.7 million of mortgage debt which was assumed by the Company. As a result of this transaction, the Company consolidates the property, based on a VIE analysis performed by the Company.

In February 2019, the Company funded a $24.5 million preferred equity investment in an entity whose sponsor is an affiliate of MMC, which owns a multifamily development community located in Mountain View, CA. The investment has an initial preferred return of 11.0% and is scheduled to mature in February 2024.

In October 2018, the Company funded a $18.6 million preferred equity investment in an entity whose sponsor is an affiliate of MMC. The entity wholly owns a 268 apartment home community development located in Burlingame, CA. This investment will accrue interest based on an initial 12.00% preferred return. The investment is scheduled to mature in April 2024.

In May 2018, the Company made a commitment to fund a $26.5 million preferred equity investment in an entity whose sponsors include an affiliate of MMC. The entity wholly owns a 400 apartment home community located in Ventura, CA. This investment will accrue interest based on a 10.25% preferred return. The investment is scheduled to mature in May 2023. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had funded $21.3 million of the commitment. The remaining committed amount will be funded when requested by the sponsors.

In March 2017, the Company converted its existing $15.3 million preferred equity investment in Sage at Cupertino, a 230 apartment home community located in San Jose, CA, into a 40.5% common equity ownership interest in the property. The Company issued DownREIT limited partnership units to the other members, including an MMC affiliate, based on an estimated property valuation of $90.0 million. At the time of the conversion, the property was encumbered by $52.0 million of mortgage debt. As a result of this transaction, the Company consolidates the property, based on a VIE analysis performed by the Company.

In 2015, the Company made preferred equity investments totaling $20.0 million in three entities affiliated with MMC that own apartment communities in California. The Company earns a 9.5% preferred return on each such investment. One $5.0 million investment, which was scheduled to mature in 2022, was fully redeemed in 2017. Another $5.0 million investment, which was scheduled to mature in 2022, was fully redeemed in 2018. The remaining investment was fully redeemed in February 2019.

As described in Note 5, Notes and Other Receivables, the Company has provided short-term loans to affiliates. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, $4.0 million and $4.5 million, respectively, of short-term loans remained outstanding due from joint venture affiliates and is classified within notes and other receivables in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. In November 2016, the Company provided a $6.6 million mezzanine loan to a limited liability company in which MMC holds a significant ownership interest through subsidiaries. The mezzanine loan is classified within notes and other receivables in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and had an outstanding balance of $6.6 million as of both June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.