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Related Party Transactions
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions
Related Party Transactions

The Company charges certain fees relating to its co-investments for asset management, property management, development, and redevelopment services. These fees from affiliates totaled $3.1 million during both the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and $9.0 million and $9.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. All of these fees are net of intercompany amounts eliminated by the Company. The Company netted development and redevelopment fees of $0.7 million and $1.0 million against general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $2.1 million and $3.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The Company’s Chairman and founder, Mr. George Marcus, is the Chairman of the Marcus & Millichap Company (“MMC”), which is a parent company of a diversified group of real estate service, investment, and development firms. Mr. Marcus is also the Co-Chairman of Marcus & Millichap, Inc. (“MMI”), and Mr. Marcus owns a controlling interest in MMI, a national brokerage firm listed on the New York Stock Exchange. 

In March 2017, the Company converted its existing $15.3 million preferred equity investment in Sage at Cupertino, a 230 apartment home community located in San Jose, CA, into a 40.5% common equity ownership interest in the property. The Company issued DownREIT units to the other members, including an MMC affiliate, based on an estimated property valuation of $90.0 million. At the time of the conversion, the property was encumbered by $52.0 million of mortgage debt. As a result of this transaction, the Company consolidates the property, based on a VIE analysis performed by the Company.

In 2015, the Company made preferred equity investments totaling $20.0 million in three entities affiliated with MMC that own apartment communities in California. The Company earns a 9.5% preferred return on each such investment, all of which are scheduled to mature in 2022.

As described in Note 4, the Company has provided short-term loans to affiliates. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, $4.0 million and $4.7 million, respectively, of short-term loans remained outstanding due from joint venture affiliates and is classified within notes and other receivables in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. In November 2016, the Company provided a $6.6 million mezzanine loan to a limited liability company in which MMC holds a significant ownership interest through subsidiaries. The mezzanine loan is classified within notes and other receivables in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and had an outstanding balance of $6.6 million as of both September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

In August 2017, the Company provided a $55.0 million related party bridge loan to a property acquired by Wesco V. The note receivable accrues interest at 3.5% and is scheduled to mature on December 16, 2017. The bridge loan is classified within notes and other receivables in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and had an outstanding balance of $55.0 million as of September 30, 2017, and no balance as of December 31, 2016.