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Related Party Transactions
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2017
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
Related Party Transactions
Related Party Transactions

The Company charges certain fees relating to its co-investments for asset management, property management, development, and redevelopment services. These fees from affiliates totaled $2.9 million and $3.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $5.9 million and $6.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. All of these fees are net of intercompany amounts eliminated by the Company. The Company netted development and redevelopment fees of $0.6 million and $1.1 million against general and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $1.4 million and $2.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The Company’s Chairman and founder, Mr. George Marcus, is the Chairman of the Marcus & Millichap Company (“MMC”), which is a parent company of a diversified group of real estate service, investment, and development firms. Mr. Marcus is also the Co-Chairman of Marcus & Millichap, Inc. (“MMI”), and Mr. Marcus owns a controlling interest in MMI, a national brokerage firm listed on the New York Stock Exchange. 

In March 2017, the Company converted its existing $15.3 million preferred equity investment in Sage at Cupertino, a 230 apartment home community located in San Jose, CA, into a 40.5% common equity ownership interest in the property. The Company issued DownREIT units to the other members, including an MMC affiliate, based on an estimated property valuation of $90.0 million. The property is encumbered by $52.0 million of mortgage debt. As a result of this transaction, the Company consolidates the property, based on a VIE analysis performed by the Company.

In 2015, the Company made preferred equity investments totaling $20.0 million in three entities affiliated with MMC that own apartment communities in California. The Company earns a 9.5% preferred return on each such investment, all of which are scheduled to mature in 2022.

As described in Note 4, the Company has provided short-term loans to affiliates. As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, $4.4 million and $4.7 million, respectively, of short-term loans remained outstanding due from joint venture affiliates and is classified within notes and other receivables in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. In November 2016, the Company provided a $6.6 million mezzanine loan to a limited liability company in which MMC holds a significant ownership interest through subsidiaries. The mezzanine loan is also classified within notes and other receivables in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets and had an outstanding balance of $6.6 million as of both June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.