FAIR VALUE

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

FAIR VALUE

FAIR VALUE

HTLF utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Securities carried at fair value, which include available for sale, trading securities and equity securities with a readily determinable fair value, and derivatives are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, HTLF may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis such as loans held for sale, loans held to maturity and certain other assets including, but not limited to, mortgage servicing rights, commercial servicing rights and other real estate owned. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of the lower of cost or fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

Fair Value Hierarchy

Under ASC 820, assets and liabilities are grouped at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

Level 1 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2 — Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

Level 3 — Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.

The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis.

Securities Available for Sale and Held to Maturity

Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Securities held to maturity are generally recorded at cost and are recorded at fair value only to the extent a decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security's credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. Level 1 securities include those traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, as well as U.S. Treasury securities. Level 2 securities include U.S. government and agency securities, mortgage and asset-backed securities and private collateralized mortgage obligations, municipal bonds and corporate debt securities. On a quarterly basis, a secondary independent pricing service is used for the securities portfolio to validate the pricing from HTLF's primary pricing service.

Equity Securities with a Readily Determinable Fair Value

Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value generally include Community Reinvestment Act mutual funds and are classified as Level 2 due to the infrequent trading of these securities. The fair value is based on the price per share.

Loans Held for Sale

Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value on an aggregate basis. The fair value of loans held for sale is based on what secondary markets are currently offering for portfolios with similar characteristics. As such, HTLF classifies loans held for sale subjected to nonrecurring fair value adjustments as Level 2.

Loans Held to Maturity

HTLF does not record loans held to maturity at fair value on a recurring basis. However, from time to time, certain loans are considered collateral dependent and an allowance for credit losses is established. The fair value of individually assessed loans is measured using the fair value of the collateral. In accordance with ASC 820, individually assessed loans measured at fair value are classified as nonrecurring Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Premises, Furniture and Equipment Held for Sale

HTLF values premises, furniture and equipment held for sale based on third-party appraisals less estimated disposal costs. HTLF considers third party appraisals, as well as independent fair value assessments from realtors or persons involved in selling bank premises, furniture and equipment, in determining the fair value of particular properties. Accordingly, the valuation of premises, furniture and equipment held for sale is subject to significant external and internal judgment. HTLF periodically reviews premises, furniture and equipment held for sale to determine if the fair value of the property, less disposal costs, has declined below its recorded book value and records any adjustments accordingly. Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale are classified as nonrecurring Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

Mortgage servicing rights assets represent the value associated with servicing residential real estate loans that have been sold to outside investors with servicing retained. The fair value for servicing assets is determined through discounted cash flow analysis and utilizes discount rates, prepayment speeds and delinquency rate assumptions as inputs. All of the assumptions in the discounted cash flow analysis require a significant degree of management estimation and judgment. Mortgage servicing rights are subject to impairment testing. The carrying values of these rights are reviewed quarterly for impairment based upon the calculation of fair value as performed by an outside third party. For purposes of measuring impairment, the rights are stratified into certain risk characteristics including note type and note term. If the valuation model reflects a fair value less than the carrying value, mortgage servicing rights are adjusted to fair value through a valuation allowance. HTLF classifies mortgage servicing rights as nonrecurring with Level 3 measurement inputs.

Commercial Servicing Rights

Commercial servicing rights assets represent the value associated with servicing commercial loans guaranteed by the Small Business Administration and the United States Department of Agriculture that have been sold with servicing retained by HTLF. HTLF uses the amortization method (i.e., the lower of amortized cost or estimated fair value measured on a nonrecurring basis), not fair value measurement accounting, to determine the carrying value of its commercial servicing rights. The fair value for servicing assets is determined through market prices for comparable servicing contracts, when available, or through a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income. Inputs utilized include discount rates, prepayment speeds and delinquency rate assumptions as inputs. All of these assumptions require a significant degree of management estimation and judgment. Commercial servicing rights are subject to impairment testing, and the carrying values of these rights are reviewed quarterly for impairment based upon the calculation of fair value as performed by an outside third party. If the valuation model reflects a fair value less than the carrying value, commercial servicing rights are adjusted to fair value through a valuation allowance. HTLF classifies commercial servicing rights as nonrecurring with Level 3 measurement inputs.

Derivative Financial Instruments

HTLF's current interest rate risk strategy includes interest rate swaps. The valuation of these instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. To comply with the provisions of ASC 820, HTLF incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both its own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty's nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of its derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, HTLF as considered the impact of netting any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees.

Although HTLF has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. However, as of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, HTLF has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall

valuation of its derivative positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of its derivatives. As a result, HTLF has determined that its derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Interest rate lock commitments

HTLF uses an internal valuation model that relies on internally developed inputs to estimate the fair value of its interest rate lock commitments which is based on unobservable inputs that reflect management's assumptions and specific information about each borrower. Interest rate lock commitments are classified in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Forward commitments

The fair value of forward commitments are estimated using an internal valuation model, which includes current trade pricing for similar financial instruments in active markets that HTLF has the ability to access and are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Other Real Estate Owned

Other real estate owned ("OREO") represents property acquired through foreclosures and settlements of loans. Property acquired is carried at the fair value of the property at the time of acquisition (representing the property's cost basis), plus any acquisition costs, or the estimated fair value of the property, less disposal costs. HTLF considers third party appraisals, as well as independent fair value assessments from realtors or persons involved in selling OREO, in determining the fair value of particular properties. Accordingly, the valuation of OREO is subject to significant external and internal judgment. HTLF periodically reviews OREO to determine if the fair value of the property, less disposal costs, has declined below its recorded book value and records any adjustments accordingly. OREO is classified as nonrecurring Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The table below presents HTLFs assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, in thousands, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:

	Total Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
March 31, 2021
Assets
Securities available for sale
U.S. treasuries	$	1,019	$	1,019	$	—	$	—
U.S. agencies	212,292		—		212,292		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	1,737,989		—		1,737,989		—
Mortgage-backed securities - agency	1,432,929		—		1,432,929		—
Mortgage-backed securities - non-agency	1,503,716		—		1,503,716		—
Commercial mortgage-backed securities - agency	122,230		—		122,230		—
Commercial mortgage-backed securities - non-agency	307,774		—		307,774		—
Asset-backed securities	1,028,213		—		1,028,213		—
Corporate bonds	3,790		—		3,790		—
Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value	20,543		—		20,543		—
Derivative financial instruments(1)	23,991		—		23,991		—
Interest rate lock commitments	1,857		—		—		1,857
Forward commitments	1,213		—		1,213		—
Total assets at fair value	$	6,397,556	$	1,019	$	6,394,680	$	1,857
Liabilities
Derivative financial instruments(2)	$	29,791	$	—	$	29,791	$	—
Forward commitments	4		—		4		—
Total liabilities at fair value	$	29,795	$	—	$	29,795	$	—
December 31, 2020
Assets
Securities available for sale
U.S. treasuries	$	2,026	$	2,026	$	—	$	—
U.S. agencies	166,779		—		166,779		—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	1,635,227		—		1,635,227		—
Mortgage-backed securities - agency	1,355,270		—		1,355,270		—
Mortgage-backed securities - non-agency	1,449,116		—		1,449,116		—
Commercial mortgage-backed securities - agency	174,153		—		174,153		—
Commercial mortgage-backed securities - non-agency	252,767		—		252,767		—
Asset-backed securities	1,069,266		—		1,069,266		—
Corporate bonds	3,742		—		3,742		—
Equity securities with a readily determinable fair value	19,629		—		19,629		—
Derivative financial instruments(1)	44,102		—		44,102		—
Interest rate lock commitments	1,827		—		—		1,827
Total assets at fair value	$	6,173,904	$	2,026	$	6,170,051	$	1,827
Liabilities
Derivative financial instruments(2)	$	51,962	$	—	$	51,962	$	—
Forward commitments	697		—		697		—
Total liabilities at fair value	$	52,659	$	—	$	52,659	$	—
(1) Includes embedded derivatives, back-to-back loan swaps and fair value hedges.
(2) Includes cash flow hedges, fair value hedges, back-to-back loan swaps, embedded derivatives and free standing derivative instruments.

The tables below present HTLF's assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, in thousands:

	Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2021
	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable  Inputs (Level 3)		Year-to- Date (Gains) Losses
Collateral dependent individually assessed loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	10,621	$	—	$	—	$	10,621	$	859
Owner occupied commercial real estate	1,233		—		—		1,233		—
Non-owner occupied commercial real estate	12,050		—		—		12,050		—
Real estate construction	—		—		—		—		—
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	7,271		—		—		7,271		—
Total collateral dependent individually assessed loans	$	31,175	$	—	$	—	$	31,175	$	859
Loans held for sale	$	43,037	$	—	$	43,037	$	—	$	(1,121)
Other real estate owned	6,236		—		—		6,236		(154)
Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale	7,633		—		—		7,633		—
Servicing rights	6,218		—		—		6,218		(917)

	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2020
	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable  Inputs (Level 3)		Year-to- Date (Gains) Losses
Collateral dependent individually assessed loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	11,256	$	—	$	—	$	11,256	$	451
Owner occupied commercial real estate	5,874		—		—		5,874		11,631
Non-owner occupied commercial real estate	4,907		—		—		4,907		—
Real estate construction	—		—		—		—		—
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	12,451		—		—		12,451		—
Total collateral dependent individually assessed loans	$	34,488	$	—	$	—	$	34,488	$	12,082
Loans held for sale	$	57,949	$	—	$	57,949	$	—	$	(982)
Other real estate owned	6,624		—		—		6,624		1,044
Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale	6,499		—		—		6,499		3,288
Servicing rights	5,189		—		—		5,189		1,778

The following tables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis and for which HTLF has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value, in thousands:

	Fair Value at 3/31/2021		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average)
Interest rate lock commitments	$	1,857	Discounted cash flows	Closing ratio	0-99% (88%)(1)
Other real estate owned	6,236		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-10%(3)
Servicing rights	6,218		Discounted cash flows	Third party valuation	(4)
Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale	7,633		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-10%(3)
Collateral dependent individually assessed loans:
Commercial	10,621		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-7%(3)
Owner occupied commercial real estate	1,233		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-12%(3)
Non-owner occupied commercial real estate	12,050		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-10%(3)
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	7,271		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-9%(3)
(1) The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement is the closing ratio, which represents the percentage of loans currently in a lock position which management estimates will ultimately close. The closing ratio calculation takes into consideration historical data and loan-level data.
(2) Third party appraisals are obtained and updated at least annually to establish the value of the underlying asset, but the disclosure of the unobservable inputs used by the appraisers would not be meaningful because the range will vary widely from appraisal to appraisal.
(3) Discounts applied to the appraised values primarily include estimated sales costs, but also consider the age of the appraisal, changes in local market conditions and changes in the current condition of the collateral.
(4) The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement are the value indices, which are weighted-average spreads to LIBOR based on maturity groups.

	Fair Value at 12/31/2020		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range (Weighted Average)
Interest rate lock commitments	$	1,827	Discounted cash flows	Closing ratio	0-99% (86%)(1)
Other real estate owned	6,624		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-10%(3)
Servicing rights	5,189		Discounted cash flows	Third party valuation	(4)
Premises, furniture and equipment held for sale	6,499		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-10%(3)
Collateral dependent individually assessed loans:
Commercial and industrial	11,256		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-8%(3)
Owner occupied commercial real estate	5,874		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-12%(3)
Non-owner occupied commercial real estate	4,907		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-10%(3)
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	12,451		Modified appraised value	Third party appraisal	(2)
				Appraisal discount	0-10%(3)
(1) The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement is the closing ratio, which represents the percentage of loans currently in a lock position which management estimates will ultimately close. The closing ratio calculation takes into consideration historical data and loan-level data.
(2) Third party appraisals are obtained and updated at least annually to establish the value of the underlying asset, but the disclosure of the unobservable inputs used by the appraisers would not be meaningful because the range will vary widely from appraisal to appraisal.
(3) Discounts applied to the appraised values primarily include estimated sales costs, but also consider the age of the appraisal, changes in local market conditions and changes in the current condition of the collateral.
(4) The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement are the value indices, which are weighted-average spreads to LIBOR based on maturity groups.

The changes in fair value of the interest rate lock commitments, which are Level 3 financial instruments measured on a recurring basis, are summarized in the following table, in thousands:

	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021		For the Year Ended December 31, 2020
Balance at January 1,	$	1,827	$	681
Total net gains included in earnings	(1,485)		2,803
Issuances	5,279		17,221
Settlements	(3,764)		(18,878)
Balance at period end	$	1,857	$	1,827

Gains included in gains (losses) on sale of loans held for sale attributable to interest rate lock commitments held at March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, were $1.9 million and $1.8 million, respectively.

The table below is a summary of the estimated fair value of HTLF's financial instruments (as defined by ASC 825) as of March 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, in thousands. The carrying amounts in the following tables are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets under the indicated captions. In accordance with ASC 825, the assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments are not included in the disclosure, including the value of the commercial and mortgage servicing rights, premises, furniture and equipment, premises, furniture and equipment held for sale, OREO, goodwill, and other intangibles and other liabilities.

HTLF does not believe that the estimated information presented herein is representative of the earnings power or value of HTLF. The following analysis, which is inherently limited in depicting fair value, also does not consider any value associated with either existing customer relationships or the ability of HTLF to create value through loan origination, deposit gathering or fee generating activities. Many of the estimates presented herein are based upon the use of highly subjective information and

assumptions and, accordingly, the results may not be precise. Management believes that fair value estimates may not be comparable between financial institutions due to the wide range of permitted valuation techniques and numerous estimates which must be made. Furthermore, because the disclosed fair value amounts were estimated as of the balance sheet date, the amounts actually realized or paid upon maturity or settlement of the various financial instruments could be significantly different.

					Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2021
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable  Inputs (Level 3)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	467,862	$	467,862	$	467,862	$	—	$	—
Time deposits in other financial institutions	3,138		3,138		3,138		—		—
Securities:
Carried at fair value	6,370,495		6,370,495		1,019		6,369,476		—
Held to maturity	85,293		95,082		—		95,082		—
Other investments	74,935		74,935		—		74,935		—
Loans held for sale	43,037		43,037		—		43,037		—
Loans, net:
Commercial and industrial	2,385,165		2,368,895		—		2,358,274		10,621
PPP	1,155,328		1,155,328		—		1,155,328		—
Owner occupied commercial real estate	1,818,143		1,804,021		—		1,802,788		1,233
Non-owner occupied commercial real estate	1,942,489		1,933,621		—		1,921,571		12,050
Real estate construction	776,096		782,155		—		782,155		—
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	676,858		669,714		—		662,443		7,271
Residential real estate	775,982		775,020		—		775,020		—
Consumer	390,223		394,731		—		394,731		—
Total Loans, net	9,920,284		9,883,485		—		9,852,310		31,175
Cash surrender value on life insurance	188,521		188,521		—		188,521		—
Derivative financial instruments(1)	23,991		23,991		—		23,991		—
Interest rate lock commitments	1,857		1,857		—		—		1,857
Forward commitments	1,213		1,213		—		1,213		—
Financial liabilities:
Deposits
Demand deposits	6,175,946		6,175,946		—		6,175,946		—
Savings deposits	8,179,251		819,251		—		819,251		—
Time deposits	1,203,854		1,203,854		—		1,203,854		—
Short term borrowings	140,597		140,597		—		140,597		—
Other borrowings	349,514		350,964		—		350,964		—
Derivative financial instruments(2)	29,791		29,791		—		29,791		—
Forward commitments	4		4		—		4		—
(1) Includes embedded derivatives, back-to-back loan swaps and fair value hedges.
(2) Includes cash flow hedges, fair value hedges, back-to-back loan swaps and free standing derivative instruments.

					Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2020
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable  Inputs (Level 3)
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	337,903	$	337,903	$	337,903	$	—	$	—
Time deposits in other financial institutions	3,129		3,129		3,129		—		—
Securities:
Carried at fair value	6,127,975		6,127,975		2,026		6,125,949		—
Held to maturity	88,839		100,041		—		100,041		—
Other investments	75,253		75,523		—		75,523		—
Loans held for sale	57,949		57,949		—		57,949		—
Loans, net:
Commercial and industrial	2,495,981		2,391,041		—		2,379,785		11,256
PPP	957,785		957,785		—		957,785		—
Owner occupied commercial real estate	1,756,405		1,745,397		—		1,739,523		5,874
Non-owner occupied commercial real estate	1,900,608		1,892,213		—		1,887,306		4,907
Real estate construction	843,140		849,224		—		849,224		—
Agricultural and agricultural real estate	707,397		697,729		—		685,278		12,451
Residential real estate	828,507		828,366		—		828,366		—
Consumer	401,622		407,914		—		407,914		—
Total Loans, net	9,891,445		9,769,669		—		9,735,181		34,488
Cash surrender value on life insurance	187,664		187,664		—		187,664		—
Derivative financial instruments(1)	44,102		44,102		—		44,102		—
Interest rate lock commitments	1,827		1,827		—		—		1,827
Financial liabilities:
Deposits
Demand deposits	5,688,810		5,688,810		—		5,688,810		—
Savings deposits	8,019,704		8,019,704		—		8,019,704		—
Time deposits	1,271,391		1,273,468		—		1,273,468		—
Short term borrowings	167,872		167,872		—		167,872		—
Other borrowings	457,042		458,806		—		458,806		—
Derivative financial instruments(1)	51,962		51,962		—		51,962		—
Forward commitments	697		697		—		697		—
(1) Includes embedded derivatives, back-to-back loan swaps and fair value hedges.
(2) Includes cash flow hedges, fair value hedges, back-to-back loan swaps and free standing derivative instruments.

Cash and Cash Equivalents — The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

Time Deposits in Other Financial Institutions — The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

Securities — For equity securities with a readily determinable fair value and debt securities either held to maturity, available for sale or trading, fair value equals quoted market price if available. If a quoted market price is not available, fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities. For Level 3 securities, HTLF utilizes independent pricing provided by third party vendors or brokers.

Other Investments — Fair value measurement of other investments, which consists primarily of FHLB stock, are based on their redeemable value, which is at cost due to the restrictions placed on their transferability. The market for these securities is restricted to the issuer of the stock and subject to impairment evaluation.

Loans — The fair value of loans is determined using an exit price methodology. The exit price estimation of fair value is based on the present value of the expected cash flows. The projected cash flows are based on the contractual terms of the loans,

adjusted for prepayments and a discount rate based on the relative risk of the cash flows. Other considerations include the loan type, remaining life of the loan and credit risk.

The fair value of individually assessed or impaired loans is measured using the fair value of the underlying collateral. The fair value of loans held for sale is estimated using quoted market prices.

Cash surrender value on life insurance — Life insurance policies are held on certain officers. The carrying value of these policies approximates fair value as it is based on the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or amounts due that are probable at settlement. As such, HTLF classifies the estimated fair value of the cash surrender value on life insurance as Level 2.

Derivative Financial Instruments — The fair value of all derivatives is estimated based on the amount that HTLF would pay or would be paid to terminate the contract or agreement, using current rates and prices, and, when appropriate, the current creditworthiness of the counter-party.

Interest Rate Lock Commitments — The fair value of interest rate lock commitments is estimated using an internal valuation model, which includes grouping the interest rate lock commitments by interest rate and terms, applying an estimated closing ratio based on historical experience, and then multiplying by quoted investor prices determined to be reasonably applicable to the loan commitment groups based on interest rate, terms, and rate lock expiration dates of the loan commitment group.

Forward Commitments — The fair value of these instruments is estimated using an internal valuation model, which includes current trade pricing for similar financial instruments.

Deposits — The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts and certain money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of fixed maturity certificates of deposit is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities. If the fair value of the fixed maturity certificates of deposit is calculated at less than the carrying amount, the carrying value of these deposits is reported as the fair value.

Short-term and Other Borrowings — Rates currently available to HTLF for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate fair value of existing debt.

Commitments to Extend Credit, Unused Lines of Credit and Standby Letters of Credit — Based upon management's analysis of the off balance sheet financial instruments, there are no significant unrealized gains or losses associated with these financial instruments based upon review of the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present creditworthiness of the counterparties.