XML 19 R15.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT  v2.3.0.11
Derivates Financial Instruments
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2011
Disclosure: Derivative Concepts and Hedging Activities [Abstract]  
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Text Block]
DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS


On occasion, Heartland uses derivative financial instruments as part of its interest rate risk management, including interest rate swaps, caps, floors and collars. Heartland’s objectives in using derivatives are to add stability to its net interest margin and to manage its exposure to movements in interest rates.


Heartland executed an interest rate swap transaction on April 5, 2011, with an effective date of April 20, 2011, and an expiration date of April 20, 2016, to effectively convert $15.0 million of its newly issued variable rate amortizing debt to fixed rate debt. For accounting purposes, this swap transaction is designated as a cash flow hedge of the changes in cash flows attributable to changes in one-month LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged, associated with the interest payments made on an amount of Heartland's debt principal equal to the then-outstanding swap notional amount. At inception, Heartland asserted that the underlying principal balance would remain outstanding throughout the hedge transaction making it probable that sufficient LIBOR-based interest payments would exist through the maturity date of the swap. Under this contract, Heartland will pay a fixed interest rate of 5.14% and receive a variable rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus 2.75% based upon $14.8 million of indebtedness. Payments under this interest rate swap contract are made monthly. The fair value of this swap transaction was recorded as a liability of $396 thousand at June 30, 2011.


To reduce the potentially negative impact a downward movement in interest rates would have on its interest income, Heartland entered into the following transaction. On September 19, 2005, Heartland entered into a five-year interest rate collar transaction on a notional amount of $50.0 million. This collar transaction was effective on September 21, 2005, and matured on September 21, 2010. Heartland was the payer on prime at a cap strike rate of 9.00% and the counterparty was the payer on prime at a floor strike rate of 6.00%.


For accounting purposes, the collar transaction described above was designated as a cash flow hedge of the overall changes in the cash flows above and below the collar strike rates associated with interest payments on certain of Heartland's prime-based loans that reset whenever prime changes. The hedged loan transactions for the hedging relationship was designated as the first prime-based interest payments received by Heartland each calendar month during the term of the collar that, in aggregate for each period, are interest payments on principal from specified portfolios equal to the notional amount of the collar.


Prepayments in the hedged loan portfolios were treated in a manner consistent with the guidance in ASC 815-20-25, “Cash Flow Hedges: Using the First-Payments-Received Technique in Hedging the Variable Interest Payments on a Group of Non-Benchmark-Rate-Based Loans,” which allows the designated forecasted transactions to be the variable, prime-rate-based interest payments on a rolling portfolio of prepayable interest-bearing loans using the first-payments-received technique, thereby allowing interest payments from loans that prepay to be replaced with interest payments from new loan originations. Based on Heartland's assessments, both at inception and throughout the life of the hedging relationship, it was probable that sufficient prime-based interest receipts existed through the maturity dates of the collars.


To reduce the potentially negative impact an upward movement in interest rates would have on its net interest income, Heartland entered into the following two cap transactions. For accounting purposes, these two cap transactions were originally designated as cash flow hedges of the changes in cash flows attributable to changes in LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged, above the cap strike rate associated with the interest payments made on $40.0 million of Heartland's subordinated debentures (issued in connection with the trust preferred securities of Heartland Financial Statutory Trust IV and V) that reset quarterly on a specified reset date. At inception, Heartland asserted that the underlying principal balance would remain outstanding throughout the hedge transaction making it probable that sufficient LIBOR-based interest payments would exist through the maturity date of the caps.


The first transaction executed on January 15, 2008, was a fifty-five month interest rate cap transaction on a notional amount of $20.0 million to reduce the potentially negative impact an upward movement in interest rates would have on its net interest income. The cap has an effective date of January 15, 2008, and a maturity date of September 1, 2012. Should 3-month LIBOR exceed 5.12% on a reset date, the counterparty will pay Heartland the amount of interest that exceeds the amount owed on the debt at the cap LIBOR rate of 5.12%. The floating-rate subordinated debentures contain an interest rate deferral feature that is mirrored in the cap transaction. As of June 30, 2011, and December 31, 2010, the fair market value of this cap transaction was recorded as an asset of $0 and $5 thousand, respectively. Upon the execution of the second swap transaction discussed below, hedge accounting was discontinued and this cap transaction was converted to a mark to market hedge. During the first six months of 2011 and 2010, the mark to market adjustment on this cap transaction was recorded as a loss of $5 thousand and $63 thousand, respectively.


The second transaction executed on March 27, 2008, was a twenty-eight month interest rate cap transaction on a notional amount of $20.0 million to reduce the potentially negative impact an upward movement in interest rates would have on its net interest income. The cap has an effective date of January 7, 2009, and a maturity date of April 7, 2011. Should 3-month LIBOR exceed 5.5% on a reset date, the counterparty will pay Heartland the amount of interest that exceeds the amount owed on the debt at the cap LIBOR rate of 5.5%. The floating-rate subordinated debentures contain an interest rate deferral feature that is mirrored in the cap transaction. As of June 30, 2011, and December 31, 2010, this cap transaction had no fair market value. Upon the execution of the third swap transaction discussed below, hedge accounting was discontinued and this cap transaction was converted to a mark to market hedge. During the first six months of 2011, there was no mark to market adjustment for this cap transaction. During the six months of 2010, the mark to market adjustment for this cap transaction was recorded as a loss of $3 thousand.


In addition to the two cap transactions, Heartland entered into the following three forward-starting interest rate swap transactions to effectively convert $65.0 million of its variable interest rate subordinated debentures (issued in connection with the trust preferred securities of Heartland Financial Statutory Trust IV, V and VII) to fixed interest rate debt. For accounting purposes, these three swap transactions are designated as cash flow hedges of the changes in cash flows attributable to changes in LIBOR, the benchmark interest rate being hedged, associated with the interest payments made on $65.0 million of Heartland's subordinated debentures (issued in connection with the trust preferred securities of Heartland Financial Statutory Trust IV, V and VII) that reset quarterly on a specified reset date. At inception, Heartland asserted that the underlying principal balance would remain outstanding throughout the hedge transaction making it probable that sufficient LIBOR-based interest payments would exist through the maturity date of the swaps.


The first swap transaction was executed on January 28, 2009, on a notional amount of $25.0 million with an effective date of March 17, 2010, and an expiration date of March 17, 2014. Under this interest rate swap contract, Heartland will pay a fixed interest rate of 2.58% and receive a variable interest rate equal to 3-month LIBOR. The fair value of this swap transaction was recorded as a liability of $1.1 million at June 30, 2011, and as a liability of $972 thousand at December 31, 2010.


The second swap transaction was executed on February 4, 2009, on a notional amount of $20.0 million with an effective date of January 7, 2010, and an expiration date of January 7, 2020. Under this interest rate swap contract, Heartland will pay a fixed interest rate of 3.35% and receive a variable interest rate equal to 3-month LIBOR. The fair value of this swap transaction was recorded as a liability of $629 thousand at June 30, 2011, and a liability of $333 thousand at December 31, 2010.


The third swap transaction was executed on February 4, 2009, on a notional amount of $20.0 million with an effective date of March 1, 2010, and an expiration date of March 1, 2017. Under this interest rate swap contract, Heartland will pay a fixed interest rate of 3.22% and receive a variable interest rate equal to 3-month LIBOR. The fair value of this swap transaction was recorded as a liability of $1.1 million at June 30, 2011, and as a liability of $823 thousand at December 31, 2010.


For the collar, cap and swap transactions described above, the effective portion of changes in the fair values of the derivatives is initially reported in other comprehensive income (outside of earnings) and subsequently reclassified to earnings (interest income on loans or interest expense on borrowings) when the hedged transactions affect earnings. Ineffectiveness resulting from the hedging relationship, if any, is recorded as a gain or loss in earnings as part of noninterest income. Heartland uses the “Hypothetical Derivative Method” described in ASC 815-20-25, “Cash Flow Hedges: Assessing and Measuring the Effectiveness of a Purchased Option Used in a Cash Flow Hedge,” for its quarterly prospective and retrospective assessments of hedge effectiveness, as well as for measurements of hedge ineffectiveness. All components of the derivative instruments' change in fair value were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. Except as discussed below, no ineffectiveness was recognized for the cash flow hedge transactions for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010.


At the inception of the September 19, 2005, collar transaction, Heartland designated separate proportions of the $50.0 million collar in qualifying cash flow hedging relationships. Designation of a proportion of a derivative instrument is discussed in ASC 815, which states that “Either all or a proportion of a derivative may be designated as the hedging instrument. The proportion must be expressed as a percentage of the entire derivative so that the profile of risk exposures in the hedging portion of the derivative is the same as that in the entire derivative.” Consistent with that guidance, Heartland identified four different proportions of the $50.0 million collar and documented four separate hedging relationships based on those proportions. Although only one collar was executed with an external party, Heartland established four distinct hedging relationships for various proportions of the collar and designated them against hedged transactions specifically identified at each of four different subsidiary banks. Because each proportion of the collar was designated against hedged transactions specified at different subsidiary banks, the hedging relationship for one proportion of the collar could fail hedge accounting (or have hedge ineffectiveness), without affecting the separate hedging relationships established for other proportions of the collar that were designated against hedged transactions at other subsidiary banks. Effectiveness of each hedging relationship is assessed and measured independently of the other hedging relationships.


A portion of the September 19, 2005, collar transaction did not meet the retrospective hedge effectiveness test at March 31, 2008. Accordingly, hedge accounting ceased as of the last day the hedging relationship was highly effective. The failure was on a portion of the $50.0 million notional amount. That portion, $14.3 million, was designated as a cash flow hedge of the overall changes in the cash flows above and below the collar strike rates associated with interest payments on certain of Dubuque Bank and Trust Company's prime-based loans. The failure of this hedge relationship was caused by paydowns, which reduced the designated loan pool from $14.3 million to $9.6 million. During the first six months of 2010, the mark to market adjustment on this portion of the collar transaction was recorded as a loss of $188 thousand.


A portion of the September 19, 2005, collar transaction also did not meet the retrospective hedge effectiveness test at June 30, 2007. Accordingly, hedge accounting ceased as of the last day the hedging relationship was highly effective. The failure was on a portion of the $50.0 million notional amount. That portion, $14.3 million, was designated as a cash flow hedge of the overall changes in the cash flows above and below the collar strike rates associated with interest payments on certain of Rocky Mountain Bank's prime-based loans. The failure of this hedge relationship was caused by the sale of its Broadus branch, which reduced the designated loan pool from $14.3 million to $7.5 million. On August 17, 2007, the $14.3 million portion of the September 19, 2005, collar transaction was redesignated and met the requirements for hedge accounting treatment. The fair value of this portion of the collar transaction was zero on the redesignation date. The redesignated collar transaction did not meet the retrospective hedge effectiveness test at December 31, 2008. Accordingly, hedge accounting ceased as of the last day the hedging relationship was highly effective. The failure of the redesignated hedge was caused by paydowns, which reduced the redesignated loan pool from $14.3 million to $10.4 million. During the first six months of 2010, the mark to market adjustment on this portion of the collar transaction was recorded as a loss of $185 thousand.


An additional portion of the September 19, 2005, collar transaction did not meet the retrospective hedge effectiveness test at March 31, 2009. Accordingly, hedge accounting ceased as of the last day the hedging relationship was highly effective. The failure was on a portion of the $50.0 million notional amount. That portion, $14.3 million, was designated as a cash flow hedge of the overall changes in the cash flows above and below the collar strike rates associated with interest payments on certain of New Mexico Bank & Trust's prime-based loans. The failure of this hedge relationship was caused by paydowns, which reduced the designated loan pool from $14.3 million to $11.6 million. During the first six months of 2010, the mark to market adjustment on this collar transaction was recorded as a loss of $185 thousand.


The final portion of the September 19, 2005, collar transaction did not meet the retrospective hedge effectiveness test at June 30, 2009. Accordingly, hedge accounting ceased as of the last day the hedging relationship was highly effective. The failure was on a portion of the $50.0 million notional amount. That portion, $7.2 million, was designated as a cash flow hedge of the overall changes in the cash flows above and below the collar strike rates associated with interest payments on certain of Wisconsin Community Bank's prime-based loans. The failure of this hedge relationship was caused by paydowns, which reduced the designated loan pool from $7.2 million to $4.8 million. During the first six months of 2010, the mark to market adjustment on this collar transaction was recorded as a loss of $95 thousand.


Net unrealized losses on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges arising during the first six months of 2011 and separately disclosed in the statement of changes in stockholders' equity totaled $1.1 million, before income taxes of $399 thousand. Net unrealized losses on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges arising during the first six months of 2010 and separately disclosed in the statement of changes in shareholders' equity totaled $4.9 million, before income taxes of $1.8 million.


Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest income or expense as interest payments are received or made on Heartland's variable-rate assets and liabilities. For the six months ended June 30, 2011, the change in net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges reflects cash payments and reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest income or interest expense totaling $919 thousand. For the next twelve months, Heartland estimates that cash payments and reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to interest income or interest expense will total $1.8 million.


Cash payments received on the collar transactions totaled $695 thousand during the first six months of 2010.


By using derivatives, Heartland is exposed to credit risk if counterparties to derivative instruments do not perform as expected. Heartland minimizes this risk by entering into derivative contracts with large, stable financial institutions and Heartland has not experienced any losses from counterparty nonperformance on derivative instruments. Furthermore, Heartland also periodically monitors counterparty credit risk in accordance with the provisions of ASC 815.