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Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Jan. 28, 2012
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Description of Business — Jos. A. Bank Clothiers, Inc. is a nationwide designer, manufacturer, retailer and direct marketer (through stores, catalog call center and Internet) of men's tailored and casual clothing and accessories and is a retailer of tuxedo rental products.
Principles of Consolidation — The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Jos. A. Bank Clothiers, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “we”, "us" or "our"). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Fiscal Year — We maintain our accounts on a fifty-two/fifty-three week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to January 31. The fiscal years ended January 30, 2010, January 29, 2011, and January 28, 2012 each contained fifty-two weeks.
Seasonality — Our net sales, net income and inventory levels fluctuate on a seasonal basis and therefore the results for one quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be achieved for a full fiscal year. The increased customer traffic during the holiday season and our increased marketing efforts during this peak selling time have resulted in sales and profits generated during the fourth quarter becoming a larger portion of annual sales and profits as compared to the other three quarters. Seasonality is also impacted by growth as more new stores have historically been opened in the second half of the year. During the fourth quarters of fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011, we generated approximately 36%, 37% and 35%, respectively, of our annual net sales and approximately 50%, 48% and 45%, respectively, of our annual net income.
Use of Estimates — The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates have been prepared on the basis of the most current and best information. However, actual results could and probably will differ from those estimates. Significant estimates in these financial statements include net realizable value of inventory, estimates of future cash flows associated with asset impairments, useful lives for depreciation and amortization, estimates related to the liability for health care costs, estimates related to the sales returns reserve, estimates related to legal contingencies and estimates related to the realizability of deferred tax assets, among others.
Cash and Cash Equivalents — Cash and cash equivalents totaled $81.0 million and $87.2 million at fiscal year-end 2010 and fiscal year-end 2011, respectively, and include bank deposit accounts, money market accounts and other highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less. At fiscal year-end 2011, substantially all of the cash and cash equivalents were invested in U.S. Treasury bills with original maturities of 90 days or less and overnight federally-sponsored agency notes.
Short-term Investments — Short-term investments consist of investments in securities with remaining maturities of less than one year, excluding investments with original maturities of 90 days or less. At fiscal year-end 2011, short-term investments consisted solely of U.S. Treasury bills with remaining maturities ranging from less than one month to six months. These investments are classified as held-to-maturity and their market values approximate their carrying values.
Supplemental Cash Flow Information — Interest and income taxes paid were as follows:
 
Fiscal Year
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
(In thousands)
Interest paid
$
312

 
$
116

 
$
312

Income taxes paid
$
44,893

 
$
59,523

 
$
57,206


Inventories — We record inventory at the lower of cost or market (“LCM”). Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. We capitalize into inventory certain warehousing and freight delivery costs associated with shipping our merchandise to the point of sale. We periodically review quantities of inventories on hand and compare these amounts to the expected sales of each product. We record a charge to cost of goods sold for the amount required to reduce the carrying value of inventory to net realizable value.
Franchise Fees —We have 15 stores operated by franchisees, representing approximately 3% of our store base. Monthly franchise fees are recognized when earned under the franchise agreements. The fees are based on a percentage of sales generated by the Franchise stores. In addition, the Company sells inventory at a mark-up to the franchisees. Such fees are included in net sales in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Initial franchise fees are fully earned upon execution of the franchise agreements. There are no further obligations on the part of the Company in order to earn the initial franchise fee.
We do not have any controlling interest in any of our franchisees through voting rights or any other means and, in accordance with FASB ASC 810-10, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” we do not consolidate these entities. We sell inventory to our Franchise stores at prices above cost and the Franchise stores have the right to return some of their inventory to us.
Gift Cards and Certificates — We sell gift cards and gift certificates to individuals and companies. Our incentive gift certificates are used by various companies as a reward for achievement for their employees. We also redeem proprietary gift cards and gift certificates marketed by third-party premium/incentive companies. We record a liability when a gift card/certificate is purchased. As the gift card/certificate is redeemed, we reduce the liability and record revenue. Substantially all of our gift cards/certificates do not have expiration dates and they are all subject to state escheatment laws. Based on historical experience, gift cards/certificates redemptions after the escheatment due date are remote and we recognize any income (also referred to as “breakage”) on these unredeemed gift cards/certificates on a specific identification basis on the escheatment date.
Tuxedo Rental Products — Revenues from tuxedo rental products are recognized on a gross basis upon delivery of rental products to customers. When a customer orders a tuxedo rental from us, an order is placed with a national distributor who delivers the product to our stores, typically within several days of intended use. The national distributor owns the rental product and charges the company a rental cost for each rental and delivery which is recorded as "Costs of goods sold".
Landlord Contributions — We typically receive reimbursement from landlords for a portion of the cost of leasehold improvements for new stores and, occasionally, for renovations and relocations. These landlord contributions are initially accounted for as an increase to deferred rent and as an increase to prepaid expenses and other current assets when the related store is opened. When collected, we record cash and reduce the prepaid expenses and other current assets account. The collection of landlord contributions is presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as an operating activity. The deferred rent is amortized over the lease term in a manner that is consistent with our policy to straight-line rent expense over the term of the lease. The amortization is recorded as a reduction to sales and marketing expense, which is consistent with the classification of lease expense. The amortization of deferred rent recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income was $7.6 million, $8.0 million and $8.2 million in fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively.
Catalog — Costs related to mail order catalogs, including design, printing and distribution, are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets consistent with FASB ASC 720-35, “Advertising Costs.” These costs are amortized as sales and marketing expense based on actual revenue for the period as compared to aggregate projected revenue over the benefit period in which customers are expected to order, which is typically over a six month period. The benefit period is based on historical ordering patterns. At fiscal year-end 2010 and fiscal year-end 2011, the amounts included in prepaid expenses and other current assets related to catalog costs were $1.1 million and $0.8 million, respectively.
Marketing Expenses — Marketing expenses consist of advertising, display, list rental and Internet advertising costs. Marketing costs are recognized as expenses the first time the marketing takes place. Marketing expense, excluding catalog costs, was approximately $49.5 million, $57.1 million and $70.0 million in fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. These amounts exclude catalog production costs of approximately $5.7 million, $5.9 million and $6.2 million for fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Marketing and catalog costs are included in “Sales and marketing” in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.
Contingent Rental Expense — We have certain store leases that determine all or a portion of their rent based on annual aggregate sales from the respective stores. We recognize contingent rental expense prior to achievement of the specified target that triggers the contingent rental provided that achievement of that target is probable. The amount is recorded on a straight-line basis throughout the year.
Property, Plant and Equipment — Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. We depreciate and amortize property, plant and equipment on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:
Asset Class
 
Estimated Useful Lives
Buildings and improvements
 
25 years
Equipment
 
3‑10 years
Furniture and fixtures
 
10 years
Leasehold improvements
 
Generally 10 years

We amortize leasehold improvements over the shorter of the lease term or the useful life of the improvements. Depreciation and amortization expense of property, plant, and equipment for fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011 was approximately $22.4 million, $24.5 million and $26.1 million, respectively. Maintenance and repairs that do not extend the lives of the assets are expensed as incurred.
Long-Lived Assets — Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, subject to depreciation and amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. During fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011, we recognized impairment charges of $1.6 million, $1.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively, relating to several stores within our Stores segment. The charges were included in “Sales and marketing” in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The aggregate fair value of the property plant and equipment recorded for the stores impaired in fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011 were estimated to be $0.3 million, $0.2 million and $0.3 million, respectively. The fair value measurements related to these assets are considered to fall under level 3 of the fair value hierarchy of ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” since the valuations are based on significant unobservable inputs. These valuations are based on discounted cash flow analyses with the significant unobservable inputs being the future projected cash flows which are reflective of the Company's best estimates and the discount rates which we believe are representative of arms-length third-party required rates of return.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments — For cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, the carrying amounts reflect the market value due to the short-term nature of these accounts. For short-term investments, the carrying amounts reflect the market value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
Net Sales — In our Stores segment, net sales are recognized at the point-of-sale. In our Direct Marketing segment, sales are recognized when products are shipped to the customer. We present sales net of sales tax in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income. We provide for sales returns based on estimated returns in future periods. The sales return reserves at fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011 were $2.0 million, $2.4 million and $2.6 million, respectively, and were included in “Accrued expenses” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Classification of Expenses — Cost of goods sold primarily includes the cost of merchandise, tailoring and freight from vendors to the distribution center and from the distribution center to the stores. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of Full-line store, Outlet and Factory store and Direct Marketing occupancy, payroll, selling and other variable costs and total Company advertising and marketing expenses. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of corporate and distribution center costs and total company performance based incentive compensation (other than commissions).
Lease Accounting — Most lease agreements provide for monthly rent payments that may change over the lease term. For leases whereby rent payments can be reasonably estimated, rent expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over a consistent lease period (generally, the initial non-cancelable lease term plus renewal option periods provided for in the lease that can be reasonably assured) and the excess of rent expense over cash amounts paid are included in “deferred rent” in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. For lease agreements with monthly rent payments that cannot be estimated, rent expense is recorded as incurred. Any rent concessions, including landlord contributions, are amortized over the lease term as a reduction of rent expense. The term of the lease begins on the date we have the right to control the use of the leased property, generally approximately six to nine weeks prior to opening the store.
Store Opening Costs — Costs incurred in connection with store start-up costs, such as travel for recruitment, training and setup of new store openings, are expensed as incurred.
Income Taxes — Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method in accordance with FASB ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” (“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income in the period that includes the enactment date.
We account for uncertainties in income taxes pursuant to ASC 740, which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in financial statements. We recognize tax liabilities for uncertain income tax positions (“unrecognized tax benefits”) where an evaluation has indicated that it is more likely than not that the tax positions will not be sustained in an audit. We estimate the unrecognized tax benefits as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement. We re-evaluate these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis or when new information becomes available to management. The re-evaluations are based on many factors, including, but not limited to, changes in facts or circumstances, changes in tax law, settled issues as a result of audits, expirations due to statutes of limitations, and new federal or state audit activity. We also recognize accrued interest and penalties related to these unrecognized tax benefits. Changes in these accrued items are included in the provision for income taxes in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
Earnings Per Share ("EPS") — Basic EPS is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net income by the diluted weighted average common shares, which reflects the potential dilution of common stock equivalents. The weighted average shares used to calculate basic and diluted EPS are as follows:
 
Fiscal Year
 
2009
 
2010
 
2011
 
(In thousands)
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic EPS
27,452

 
27,553

 
27,757

Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents
333

 
298

 
204

Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted EPS
27,785

 
27,851

 
27,961


We use the treasury method for calculating the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents. For fiscal years 2009, 2010 and 2011, there were no anti-dilutive common stock equivalents which were excluded from the calculation of diluted shares.
On June 17, 2010, our Board of Directors declared a stock split in the form of a 50% stock dividend which was distributed on August 18, 2010 to stockholders of record as of July 30, 2010. All share and per share amounts of common shares included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been adjusted to reflect this stock dividend.
Performance-Based Incentive Plans — Performance-based incentive plans provide annual cash incentive compensation to certain employees based upon, among other things, the attainment of certain annual earnings and performance goals. At each interim quarter-end, we estimate the probability that such goals will be attained based on results-to-date and the likelihood of discretionary payments and record incentive compensation accordingly, based on the projected annual incentive payments.
Equity Compensation — We account for our equity awards in accordance with FASB ASC 718, “Share-Based Payment” (“ASC 718”), which requires the compensation cost resulting from all share-based awards to be recognized in the financial statements. The amount of compensation is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the awards and is recognized over the vesting period of the awards. The vesting of awards to both the officers and directors is subject to service conditions being met, currently ranging from one to three years. Additionally, the vesting of awards to officers is subject to performance conditions being met in the fiscal year that the awards are granted such as, among other things, the attainment of certain annual earnings and performance goals. For these officer awards (which represents approximately $2.5 million of the aggregate grant date fair value of $3.4 million for fiscal year 2010 and approximately $2.6 million of the aggregate grant date fair value of $3.2 million for fiscal year 2011), we estimate the probability that such goals will be attained based on results-to-date at each interim quarter-end and record compensation cost to "General and administrative expense" for these awards based on the awards projected to vest. Share-based compensation expense recognized for fiscal years 2010 and 2011 related to equity awards issued under the Jos. A. Bank Clothiers, Inc. 2010 Equity Incentive Plan (“Equity Incentive Plan”) was $1.2 million and $2.5 million, respectively, and the tax benefit recognized related to this compensation was $0.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively. There was no share based compensation expense in fiscal year 2009 as all of the stock option awards issued under equity plans existing prior to fiscal year 2010 were fully issued and vested prior to the effective date of ASC 718.
Healthcare Costs — Healthcare claims for eligible participating employees are self-insured by us, subject to certain deductibles and limitations per incident where third-party insurance provides “stop loss” coverage. The liability for healthcare costs includes an estimate for claims incurred but not reported. In estimating this liability, we consider historical claims experience and the timing of the submission of expected claims.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards - In October 2009, the FASB issued ASU 2009-13, “Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements” (“ASU 2009-13”). ASU 2009-13 addresses revenue recognition of multiple-element sales arrangements. It establishes a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of each product or service, with vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) at the highest level, third-party evidence of VSOE at the intermediate level, and a best estimate at the lowest level. It replaces “fair value” with “selling price” in revenue allocation guidance. It also significantly expands the disclosure requirements for such arrangements. ASU 2009-13 is effective prospectively for sales entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of ASU 2009-13 for fiscal year 2011 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement” (“ASU 2011-04”). ASU 2011-04 is intended to create consistency between GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) on the definition of fair value and on the guidance on how to measure fair value and on what to disclose about fair value measurements. ASU 2011-04 will be effective for financial statements issued for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption prohibited for public entities. We are currently evaluating the impact ASU 2011-04 may have on our consolidated financial statements.
Recently Proposed Amendments to Accounting Standards - In August 2010, the FASB issued an exposure draft, “Leases” (the “Exposure Draft”), which would replace the existing guidance in ASC 840, “Leases.” Under the Exposure Draft, a lessee's rights and obligations under all leases, including existing and new arrangements, would be recognized as assets and liabilities, respectively, on the balance sheet. In July 2011, the FASB decided to issue a revised exposure draft; however, deliberations are still ongoing and the timing of the issuance of the revised exposure draft and the issuance of a final standard are uncertain at this time. If this lease guidance becomes effective on the terms currently proposed by FASB, it will likely have a significant negative impact on our consolidated financial statements. However, as the standard-setting process is still ongoing, we are unable to determine at this time the impact this proposed change in accounting may have on our consolidated financial statements.