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Organization And Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Jan. 30, 2012
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Organization And Significant Accounting Policies

NOTE 1 — ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Description of Business

CKE Restaurants, Inc.® ("CKE"), through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, owns, operates and franchises the Carl's Jr. ®, Hardee's®, Green Burrito® and Red Burrito® concepts. References to CKE and its consolidated subsidiaries (the "Company") throughout these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are made using the first person notations of "we," "us" and "our."

Domestic Carl's Jr. restaurants are predominately located in the Western United States, primarily in California, with a growing presence in Texas. International Carl's Jr. restaurants are located primarily in Mexico, with a growing presence in Russia and the Far East. Hardee's restaurants are primarily located throughout the Southeastern and Midwestern United States with a growing international presence in the Middle East. Green Burrito restaurants are primarily located in dual-branded Carl's Jr. restaurants. The Red Burrito concept is located in dual-branded Hardee's restaurants. As of January 31, 2012, our system-wide restaurant portfolio consisted of:

 

     Carl's Jr.      Hardee's      Other      Total  

Company-operated

     423         469         —           892   

Domestic franchised

     693         1,226         9         1,928   

International franchised

     197         226         —           423   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     1,313         1,921         9         3,243   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

As of January 31, 2012, 258 of our 423 company-operated Carl's Jr. restaurants were dual-branded with Green Burrito and 219 of our 469 company-operated Hardee's restaurants were dual-branded with Red Burrito.

Merger and Related Transactions

On July 12, 2010, CKE completed a merger with Columbia Lake Acquisition Corp. ("Merger Sub"), a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of CKE Holdings, Inc. ("Parent"), a Delaware corporation, providing for the merger of Merger Sub with and into CKE (the "Merger"), with CKE surviving the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent, pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated April 18, 2010 ("Merger Agreement"). Parent is indirectly controlled by investment entities managed by Apollo Management VII, L.P. ("Apollo Management"). As a result of the Merger, shares of CKE common stock ceased to be traded on the New York Stock Exchange after close of market on July 12, 2010.

The aggregate consideration for all equity securities of CKE was $704,065, including $10,587 of post-combination share-based compensation expense, and the total debt assumed and refinanced in connection with the Merger was $270,487. The Merger was funded by (i) equity contributions from affiliates of Apollo Management of $436,645, (ii) equity contributions from our senior management of $13,355, and (iii) proceeds of $588,510 from the issuance of $600,000 senior secured second lien notes (the "Notes"). In addition, we entered into a senior secured revolving credit facility of $100,000 (the "Credit Facility"), which was undrawn at closing.

The aforementioned transactions, including the Merger and payment of costs related to these transactions, are collectively referred to as the "Transactions."

Basis of Presentation and Fiscal Year

Our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of CKE, our wholly-owned subsidiaries, and certain variable interest entities ("VIE") for which we are the primary beneficiary and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). All significant intercompany transactions are eliminated.

 

For the purposes of presentation and disclosure, all references to "Predecessor" relate to CKE and its consolidated subsidiaries for periods prior to the Merger. All references to "Successor" relate to CKE and its consolidated subsidiaries merged with Merger Sub for periods subsequent to the Merger. References to "we", "us", "our" and the "Company" relate to the Predecessor for the periods prior to the Merger and to the Successor for periods subsequent to the Merger.

We operate on a retail accounting calendar. For clarity of presentation, we generally label all years presented as if the fiscal year ended January 31. The fiscal year ended January 30, 2012 is referred to herein as fiscal 2012 or the fiscal year ended January 31, 2012. The fiscal year ended January 31, 2011 includes the combined Successor twenty-nine weeks ended January 31, 2011 and Predecessor twenty-four weeks ended July 12, 2010 and is referred to herein as fiscal 2011. The fiscal year ended January 25, 2010 is referred to herein as fiscal 2010 or the fiscal year ended January 31, 2010. The first quarter of our fiscal year has four periods, or 16 weeks. All other quarters generally have three periods, or 12 weeks. Our fiscal year ended January 31, 2011 contained 53 weeks, whereby the one additional week was included in our fourth quarter.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, we identified and corrected an immaterial error, which relates to and arose during periods prior to fiscal 2010, that impacted our previously reported estimated liability for self-insurance in our Hardee's operating segment. Our previously reported self-insured workers' compensation claims reserves were understated as a result of inaccurate claims reserve data provided by an external claims administrator that handles a population of 15 workers' compensation claims, all of which relate to injuries that occurred between 1991 and 1996. Management assessed the materiality of the out-of-period correction on both a quantitative and qualitative basis and concluded that it was immaterial to our Consolidated Financial Statements for fiscal 2012, the Successor twenty-nine weeks ended January 31, 2011, the Predecessor twenty-four weeks ended July 12, 2010 and fiscal 2010. As a result, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, we increased our estimated liability for self-insurance by $1,976 ("Insurance Reserve Adjustment"), resulting in a corresponding increase of $1,976 in payroll and other employee benefits expense.

Certain prior year amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation.

Variable Interest Entities

We consolidate one national and approximately 80 local co-operative advertising funds (the "Hardee's Funds") as we have concluded that they are VIEs for which we are the primary beneficiary. We have included $18,407 and $18,464 of advertising fund assets, restricted, and advertising fund liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of January 31, 2012 and January 31, 2011, respectively. Consolidation of the Hardee's Funds had no impact on our accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Cash Flows. We have no rights to the assets, nor do we have any obligation with respect to the liabilities, of the Hardee's Funds, and none of our assets serve as collateral for the creditors of these VIEs.

In addition to the Hardee's Funds, we have variable interests in certain of our franchisees, primarily as a result of leasing activities and notes receivable. We do not maintain ownership interests in our franchisees, and none of our assets serve as collateral for the creditors of our franchisees. We have reviewed these franchise entities in accordance with authoritative accounting guidance and concluded that consolidation is not required.

Estimations

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Our most significant areas of estimation are:

 

   

estimation of future cash flows used to assess the recoverability of long-lived assets, including intangible assets and goodwill, and to establish the estimated liability for closed restaurants and subsidizing lease payments of franchisees;

 

   

estimation, using actuarially determined methods, of our self-insured claim losses under our workers' compensation, general and auto liability insurance programs;

 

   

determination of appropriate estimated liabilities for loss contingencies;

 

   

determination of appropriate assumptions to use in evaluating leases for capital versus operating lease treatment, establishing depreciable lives for leasehold improvements and establishing straight-line rent expense periods;

 

   

estimation of the appropriate allowances associated with franchise and other receivables;

 

   

determination of the appropriate assumptions to use to estimate the fair value of share-based compensation;

 

   

estimation of our deferred income tax asset valuation allowance, liabilities related to uncertain tax positions and effective tax rate; and

 

   

estimation of the fair value allocation of the purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition accounting and the useful lives assigned to amortizing assets and liabilities in connection with the Merger.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of reporting cash and cash equivalents, highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less are considered cash equivalents.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (on a first-in, first-out basis) or market and consist primarily of restaurant food, packaging, equipment and supplies.

Assets Held For Sale

Assets held for sale consist of surplus restaurant properties and company-operated restaurants that we expect to sell within one year. We no longer depreciate assets once classified as held for sale. As of January 31, 2012, we did not have any assets classified as held for sale. As of January 31, 2011, total assets held for sale were $196 and were comprised of one surplus property in our Hardee's operating segment. Assets held for sale are included within other current assets within the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 31, 2011.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the assets' estimated useful lives, which generally range from three to 40 years.

Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the related lease terms. The amortization period for leasehold improvements includes renewal option periods only in instances in which the exercise of the renewal option is reasonably assured at the acquisition date because failure to exercise such option would result in an economic penalty.

Leases

At the inception of each lease, we perform an evaluation to determine whether the lease is an operating or capital lease. The lease term used for this evaluation includes renewal option periods only in instances in which the exercise of the renewal option can be reasonably assured because failure to exercise such option would result in an economic penalty. Such economic penalty would typically result from our having to abandon buildings and other non-detachable improvements with remaining economic value upon vacating the property.

We enter into leases that contain provisions for scheduled rent increases, rent concessions and leasehold improvement incentives. The impacts of such lease provisions are recorded to rent expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The lease term used for straight-line rent expense is calculated from the date we are given control of the leased premises through the end of the lease term, which may include a rent holiday period prior to our opening the restaurant on the leased premises. The lease term used for this evaluation also provides the basis for establishing depreciable lives for buildings subject to lease and leasehold improvements. Contingent rentals are generally based on revenue in excess of stipulated amounts, and thus are not considered minimum lease payments and are included in rent expense as they are incurred.

 

Capitalized Costs

We capitalize direct costs and interest costs associated with construction projects that have a future benefit. If we subsequently make a determination that a site for which development costs have been capitalized will not be acquired or developed, any previously capitalized development costs are expensed and included in general and administrative expenses.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

We test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if events and/or circumstances indicate that goodwill might be impaired. We perform our annual goodwill impairment test on the last day of the first accounting period in our fiscal fourth quarter, which was on December 5, 2011 during fiscal 2012. The impairment test is performed at the reporting unit level, and an impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the fair value. We consider the reporting unit level to be the brand level as the components (e.g., restaurants) within each brand have similar economic characteristics, including products and services, production processes, types or classes of customers and distribution methods.

In accordance with the authoritative accounting guidance, we use a two-step test to identify the potential impairment and to measure the amount of goodwill impairment, if any. We first identify any potential impairment by comparing the estimated fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, there is no impairment and the second step is not required. If step two is required, we measure impairment by comparing the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of goodwill.

As of January 31, 2012, our goodwill consisted of $199,166 for our Carl's Jr. reporting unit and $9,719 for our Hardee's reporting unit. The goodwill for both reporting units primarily resulted from the Merger on July 12, 2010. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, we performed our goodwill impairment test for our Carl's Jr. and Hardee's reporting units. As of the date of the annual impairment test, the fair values of both the Carl's Jr. and Hardee's reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values by more than 20%. The excess of the fair value as compared to the carrying value is attributed primarily to the general improvement in financial markets between the date of the acquisition and the date of the impairment test, and improvements in operating results and cash flows. However, future declines in market conditions and the actual future performance of our reporting units could negatively impact the results of future impairment tests.

Our indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of trademarks/tradenames. We test trademarks/tradenames for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the intangible asset may not be recoverable. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2012, we performed our impairment test for trademarks/tradenames and concluded that no impairment charge was required.

Our definite-lived intangible assets are amortized utilizing a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives and are tested for impairment when events or circumstances indicate the carrying value may be impaired. Refer to discussion of facility action charges for a discussion of impairment of restaurant-level long-lived assets.

Bank Overdraft

Bank overdraft liabilities are included within accounts payable in our accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of January 31, 2012 and 2011, our bank overdraft liability was $13,871 and $14,601, respectively. We classify changes in bank overdraft balances as a financing activity in our accompanying Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs are capitalized and amortized, utilizing the effective interest method, as a component of interest expense over the terms of the respective financing arrangements. These deferred costs are included in other assets, net in our accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

 

Revenue Recognition

Company-operated restaurants revenue is recognized upon the sale of food or beverage to a customer in the restaurant. Franchised restaurants and other revenue includes continuing rent and service fees, initial fees and royalties. Continuing fees and royalties are recognized in the period earned. Initial fees are recognized upon the opening of a restaurant, which is when we have performed substantially all initial services required by the franchise agreement. Renewal fees are recognized when a renewal agreement becomes effective. Rental revenue is recognized in the period earned. Sales of equipment (and Predecessor sales of food, packaging, and supplies) to franchisees are recognized at the time of delivery to the franchisees. Our accounting policy is to present the taxes collected from customers and remitted to government authorities on a net basis.

Franchise Operations

Franchise agreements set out the terms of our arrangements with our domestic and international franchisees. Our franchise agreements require the franchisee to pay an initial, non-refundable fee and continuing fees based upon a percentage of sales. Subject to our approval and payment of a renewal fee, a franchisee may generally renew the franchise agreement upon its expiration.

We incur expenses that benefit our franchisee community. These expenses, along with other costs of sales and servicing of franchise agreements, are charged to franchised restaurants and other expense as incurred. Franchised restaurants and other revenue also includes rental revenue from leasing or subleasing restaurants to franchisees. The related occupancy costs are included in franchised restaurants and other expense. If we sublease restaurants to a franchisee on terms that result in a probable loss over the term of the lease, a lease subsidy allowance is established at inception and charged to facility action charges, net. (See accounting policy for Facility Action Charges—Store Closure Costs, below.)

Each quarter, we perform an analysis to estimate bad debts for each franchisee, compare the aggregate result of that analysis to the allowances for doubtful accounts and adjust the allowances as appropriate. Additionally, we cease accruing royalties and rental revenue from franchisees during the fiscal quarter in which we determine that collectibility of such amounts is not reasonably assured. Over time, our assessment of individual franchisees may change. For instance, we have had some franchisees, who in the past we had determined required an estimated loss equal to the total amount of the receivable, which have paid us in full or established a consistent record of payments (generally six months) such that we determined an allowance was no longer required.

Depending on the facts and circumstances, there are a number of different actions we and/or our franchisees may take to resolve franchise collections issues. These actions may include the purchase of franchise restaurants by us or by other franchisees, a modification of the franchise agreement (which may include a provision to defer certain royalty payments or reduce royalty rates in the future), a restructuring of the franchisee's business and/or finances (including the restructuring of subleases for which we are the primary obligee to the landlord— see further discussion below) or, if necessary, the termination of the franchise agreement. The allowance established is based on our assessment of the most likely outcome.

Advertising

Company-operated and franchised restaurants share in the cost of various advertising and marketing programs for our brands. Advertising and marketing contributions for both company-operated and franchised restaurants are generally determined based on a percentage of revenues and contributed ratably throughout the year. We utilize a single advertising fund (the "Carl's Jr. Fund") to administer our Carl's Jr. advertising programs and the Hardee's Funds to administer our Hardee's advertising programs. We consolidate the Hardee's Funds in our accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

We charge Carl's Jr. advertising and marketing costs to expense ratably in relation to revenues over the year in which incurred and, in the case of advertising production costs, when the commercial is first aired. To the extent that contributions to the Carl's Jr. Fund exceed advertising and promotional expenditures, the unspent contributions are recorded as a liability included in other current liabilities in our accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our contributions to the Hardee's Funds are expensed as incurred. Since we act solely as an agent with respect to franchisee contributions, we do not reflect franchisee contributions to the Carl's Jr. Fund or the Hardee's Funds in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Cash Flows.

 

Share-Based Compensation

We issue equity-based awards to our executive management team, certain key employees, and directors under our equity-based compensation plans. Under the fair value recognition provisions of the authoritative guidance for equity-based compensation awards, we measure the fair value of equity-based awards at the grant date and the fair value is recognized as expense over the requisite service period.

Our Successor equity-based compensation structure includes time vesting profit sharing interests ("Units") and performance vesting Units. We recognize compensation expense relating to the time vesting Units ratably over the requisite service period for the entire award. The performance vesting Units can vest either through meeting a performance and service condition or meeting a service, market and performance condition. We record compensation expense for performance vesting Units when we deem the achievement of the performance goals to be probable. We recognize compensation expense for each separately vesting portion of the performance vesting Units over the requisite service period that is determined to be the most likely outcome.

Our share-based compensation structure in effect as of January 31, 2012 is described more fully in Note 18.

Loss Contingencies

We routinely assess loss contingencies to develop estimates of likelihood of loss and range of possible settlement. Those loss contingencies that are deemed to be probable, and for which the amount of expected loss is reasonably estimable, are accrued in our accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements. We do not record liabilities for losses we believe are only reasonably possible to result in an adverse outcome. See Note 15 for further discussion.

Self-Insurance

We are self-insured for a portion of our current and prior years' losses related to workers' compensation, general and auto liability insurance programs. We generally have stop-loss insurance for individual workers' compensation and general liability claims over $500 and auto liability claims over $250; however, our retained risk is substantially higher for a small number of older claims. Accrued liabilities for self-insurance are recorded based on the present value of actuarial estimates of the amounts of incurred and unpaid losses, based on an estimated risk-free interest rate of 2.75% as of January 31, 2012. In determining our estimated liability, management, with the assistance of our actuary, develops assumptions based on the average historical losses on claims we have incurred, actuarial observations of historical claim loss development, and our actuary's estimate of unpaid losses for each loss category. As of January 31, 2012 and 2011, our estimated liability for self-insured workers' compensation, general and auto liability losses was $41,466 and $39,581, respectively.

Facility Action Charges

From time to time, we identify under-performing restaurants that have carrying values in excess of their fair values and, as a result, we may record impairment charges. We may also close or refranchise these or other restaurants and lease or sublease the restaurant property to a franchisee or to a business other than one of our restaurant concepts. The financial statement impact resulting from these and similar actions are recorded in our accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations as facility action charges, net and include:

 

  (i) impairment of restaurant-level long-lived assets for under-performing restaurants to be disposed of or held and used;

 

  (ii) store closure costs, including subleasing of closed facilities at amounts below our primary lease obligations; and

 

  (iii) gain or loss on the sale of restaurants and refranchising transactions.

Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate future cash flows, including cash flows from continuing use, terminal value, closure costs, expected sublease income and refranchising proceeds. Accordingly, actual results could vary significantly from our estimates.

 

(i) Impairment of Restaurant-Level Long-Lived Assets

During the second and fourth quarter of each fiscal year, and whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of assets may be impaired, we evaluate our restaurant-level long-lived assets for impairment. For purposes of impairment testing, assets are grouped at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities, which is generally the individual restaurant level for fixed assets, capital lease assets and favorable leases. For each asset group, we evaluate whether there are indicators of impairment such as sequential annual cash flow losses or adverse changes in the physical condition or expected use of the asset group. When indicators of impairment exist, we evaluate whether the assets are recoverable by comparing the undiscounted future cash flows that we expect to generate from their use and disposal to their carrying value. Restaurant-level assets that are not deemed to be recoverable are written down to their estimated fair value, which is determined by assessing the highest and best use of the assets and the amounts that would be received for such assets in an orderly transaction between market participants.

In connection with our impairment analyses, we make certain estimates and assumptions, including estimates of future cash flows, assumptions of future same-store sales and projected operating expenses for each of our restaurants over their estimated useful life in order to evaluate recoverability and estimate fair value. Future cash flows are estimated based upon experience gained, current intentions about refranchising restaurants and closures, recent and expected sales trends, internal plans, the period of time since the restaurant was opened or remodeled, the maturity of the related market and other relevant information. We generally estimate the useful life of restaurants on owned property to be 20 to 40 years and estimate the useful life of restaurants subject to leases to range from the end of the lease term then in effect to the end of such lease term including option periods. If our future cash flows or same-store sales do not meet or exceed our forecasted levels, or if restaurant operating cost increases exceed our forecast and we are unable to recover such costs through price increases, the carrying value of certain of our restaurants may prove to be unrecoverable, and we may incur additional impairment charges in the future.

(ii) Store Closure Costs

We typically make decisions to close restaurants based on prospects for estimated future profitability. However, sometimes we are forced to close restaurants due to circumstances beyond our control (e.g., a landlord's refusal to negotiate a new lease). When restaurants continue to perform poorly, we consider a number of factors, including the demographics of the location and the likelihood of being able to improve an unprofitable restaurant. Based on the operators' judgment and a financial review, we estimate the future cash flows. If we determine that the restaurant will not, within a reasonable period of time, operate at break-even cash flow or be profitable, and we are not contractually obligated to continue operating the restaurant, we may decide to close the restaurant.

The estimated liability for closed restaurants is based on the future lease payments and other contractual obligations for such properties until the lease has been abated. The amount of the estimated liability established is the present value of these estimated future payments, net of the present value of expected sublease income. The interest rate used to calculate the present value of these liabilities is based on an estimated credit-adjusted risk-free rate at the time the liability is established. This estimated credit-adjusted risk-free rate was 10.0% as of January 31, 2012. We amortize the discount over the expected term of the lease and record the discount amortization within facility action charges, net in our accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Subsequent adjustments to the liability as a result of changes in estimates of sublease income, lease cancellations and other changes are recorded to expense in the period incurred.

(iii) Gain or Loss on the Sale of Restaurants

We record gains and losses on the sale of restaurants as the difference between the net proceeds received and net carrying values of the net assets of the restaurants sold.

Income Taxes

For periods subsequent to the Merger, we are included in the consolidated federal income tax returns and combined state income tax returns of Parent. For the purpose of determining the income taxes attributed to CKE and its subsidiaries, we prepare our income tax provision as if we were a separate taxpayer. As a result of this treatment, we make income tax payments to Parent based upon our separate return taxable income.

 

Our current provision for income taxes is based on our estimated taxable income in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate, after considering the impact on our taxable income of temporary differences resulting from disparate treatment of items, such as depreciation, estimated liabilities for closed restaurants, estimated liabilities for self-insurance, tax credits and net operating losses ("NOL") for tax and financial reporting purposes. We record deferred income taxes for the estimated future income tax effect of temporary differences between the financial and tax bases of assets and liabilities using the asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets are also recorded for NOL and income tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance to reduce the carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is established when it is more likely than not that we will not realize some portion or all of the tax benefit of our deferred income tax assets. We evaluate, on a quarterly basis, whether it is more likely than not that our deferred income tax assets are realizable. In performing this analysis, we consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, including historical operating results, the estimated timing of future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, estimated future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards and potential tax planning strategies that may be employed to prevent operating loss or tax credit carryforwards from expiring unused. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

From time to time, we may take positions for filing our tax returns which may differ from the treatment of the same item for financial reporting purposes. The ultimate outcome of these items will not be known until the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"), or similar state taxing authority, has completed its examination or until the statute of limitations has expired.

We maintain a liability for underpayment of income taxes and related interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain income tax positions. The tax benefit from an uncertain tax position is recognized either upon expiration of the statutory audit period or when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits. Our policy on the classification of interest and penalties related to the underpayment of income taxes and uncertain tax positions is to record interest in interest expense, and to record penalties, if any, in general and administrative expense, in our accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. Accrued interest and penalties are included in our liability for uncertain tax positions.

Derivative Financial Instruments

We do not use derivative instruments for trading purposes. As of January 31, 2012, we did not have any derivative instruments. For periods prior to the Merger, we had interest rate swap agreements with various counterparties.

We recognized all derivative instruments at fair value as either assets or liabilities on our balance sheet. The fair value of the derivative financial instruments was determined using valuation models that were based on the net present value of estimated future cash flows and incorporated market data inputs. We did not designate our interest rate swap agreements as hedging instruments. Accordingly, the gain or loss as a result of the change in fair value was recognized in our results of operations immediately. See Note 9 for a discussion of our use of interest rate swap agreements.

Credit Risks

Accounts receivable consists primarily of amounts due from franchisees for initial and continuing fees. In addition, we have notes and lease receivables from certain of our franchisees. The financial condition of these franchisees is largely dependent upon the underlying business trends of our brands. This concentration of credit risk is mitigated, in part, by the large number of franchisees of each brand and the short-term nature of the franchise fee receivables.

Distributor Concentration Risk

We currently rely on Meadowbrook Meat Company, Inc. ("MBM") to distribute food, packing and supplies to our Carl's Jr. and Hardee's restaurants. Although we could use alternative distributors, a change in distributor, could cause a delay in receipt of food, packaging or supplies and possibly result in loss of sales, which could adversely impact our results of operations.

 

Comprehensive Income

We did not have any items of other comprehensive income during fiscal 2012, the Successor twenty-nine weeks ended January 31, 2011, the Predecessor twenty-four weeks ended July 12, 2010 and fiscal 2010.

Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Our segments are determined at the brand level (see Note 22).

Financial Statement Misstatement Evaluation

We apply the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements. SAB 108 provides interpretive guidance on how the effects of the carryover or reversal of prior year misstatements should be considered in quantifying a current year misstatement for the purpose of the materiality assessment.