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Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policy)

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2016

ScanSource, Inc. is a leading global provider of technology products and solutions. ScanSource, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("the Company") provide value-added solutions for technology manufacturers and sell to resellers in specialty technology markets through its Worldwide Barcode & Security segment and Worldwide Communications & Services segment. The Company's two operating segments are based on product, customer and service type.

The Company operates in the United States, Canada, Latin America and Europe. The Company sells to the United States and Canada from its distribution centers located in Mississippi and Virginia; to Latin America principally from distribution centers located in Florida, Mexico, Brazil and Colombia; and to Europe from distribution centers located in Belgium, France, Germany and the United Kingdom.

Consolidation Policy

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated

Related Party Transactions

A related party is generally defined as (i) any person that holds 10% or more of the Company’s securities and their immediate families, (ii) the Company’s management, (iii) someone that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Company, or (iv) anyone who can significantly influence the financial and operating decisions of the Company. A transaction is considered to be a related party transaction when there is a transfer of resources or obligations between related parties. There were no material related party transactions for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2016, 2015, and 2014.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable, contingent consideration, and inventory reserves. Management bases its estimates on assumptions that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form a basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions; however, management believes that its estimates, including those for the above described items, are reasonable and that the actual results will not vary significantly from the estimated amounts.

Allowances for Trade and Notes Receivable

The Company maintains an allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable for estimated losses resulting from customers’ failure to make payments on accounts receivable due to the Company.

Management determines the estimate of the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable by considering a number of factors, including: (1) historical experience, (2) aging of the accounts receivable, (3) specific information obtained by the Company on the financial condition and the current creditworthiness of its customers, and (4) the current economic and country specific environment. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate and reduce the ability of the Company’s customers to make payments on their accounts, the Company may be required to increase its allowance by recording additional bad debt expense. Likewise, should the financial condition of the Company’s customers improve and result in payments or settlements of previously reserved amounts, the Company may be required to record a reduction in bad debt expense to reverse the recorded allowance.

Inventory Reserves

Management determines the inventory reserves required to reduce inventories to the lower of cost or market based principally on the effects of technological changes, quantities of goods and length of time on hand, and other factors. An estimate is made of the market value, less cost to dispose, of products whose value is determined to be impaired. If these products are ultimately sold at less than estimated amounts, additional reserves may be required. The estimates used to calculate these reserves are applied consistently. The adjustments are recorded in the period in which the loss of utility of the inventory occurs, which establishes a new cost basis for the inventory. This new cost basis is maintained until such time that the reserved inventory is disposed of, returned to the vendor or sold. To the extent that specifically reserved inventory is sold, cost of goods sold is expensed for the new cost basis of the inventory sold.

Purchase Price Allocations

For each acquisition, the Company allocates the purchase price to assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and goodwill and intangibles in accordance with ASC 805. We recognize assets and liabilities acquired at the their estimated fair values. Management uses judgment to (1) identify the acquired assets and liabilities assumed, (2) estimate the fair value of these assets, (3) estimate the useful life of the assets, and (4) assess the appropriate method for recognizing depreciation or amortization expense over the asset’s useful life.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains some zero-balance disbursement accounts at various financial institutions in which the Company does not maintain significant depository relationships. Due to the nature of the Company’s banking relationships with these institutions, the Company does not have the right to offset most if not all outstanding checks written from these accounts against cash on hand, and the respective institutions are not legally obligated to honor the checks until sufficient funds are transferred to fund the checks. Checks released but not yet cleared from these accounts in the amounts of $78.3 million and $62.9 million are classified as accounts payable as of June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015, respectively.

The Company maintains its cash with various financial institutions globally that are monitored regularly for credit quality and holds amounts in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") limits or other insured limits. Cash and cash equivalents held outside of the United States totaled $52.7 million and $43.4 million as of June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company sells to a large base of value-added resellers throughout the United States, Canada, Latin America and Europe. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition. In certain cases, the Company will accept tangible assets as collateral to increase the trade credit of its customers. In addition, the Company carries credit insurance on certain subsections of the customer portfolio. No single customer accounted for more than 5% of the Company’s net sales for fiscal years 2016 , 2015, or 2014.

The Company has established arrangements with certain customers for longer-term financing. The Company accounts for these arrangements by recording them at their historical cost less specific allowances at balance sheet dates. Interest income is recognized in the period earned and is recorded as interest income in the Consolidated Income Statement.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses derivative instruments to manage certain exposures related to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and changes in interest rates in connection with borrowing activities. We record all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at fair value. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The Company’s foreign currency exposure results from purchasing and selling internationally in several foreign currencies and from intercompany loans with foreign subsidiaries. In addition, the Company may have foreign currency risk related to debt that is denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Company's foreign currencies are denominated primarily in Brazilian reais, euros, British pounds, Canadian dollars, Mexican pesos, Colombian pesos, Chilean pesos, and Peruvian nuevos.

The Company may reduce its exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates by creating offsetting positions through the use of derivative financial instruments. The market risk related to the foreign exchange agreements is offset by changes in the valuation of the underlying items. These contracts are generally for a duration of 90 days or less. The Company has elected not to designate its foreign currency contracts as hedging instruments. They are, therefore, marked-to-market with changes in their fair value recorded in the Consolidated Income Statement each period. Derivative financial instruments related to foreign currency exposure are accounted for on an accrual basis with gains or losses on these contracts recorded in income in the period in which their value changes, with the offsetting entry for unsettled positions reflected in either other assets or other liabilities.

During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2015, through the acquisition of Network1, the Company assumed borrowings denominated in foreign currencies that were hedged into the functional currency of the respective borrowing entity using cross-currency swaps in order to mitigate the impact of foreign currency exposures and interest rate exposures on these borrowings. These swaps involved the exchange of principal and fixed interest receipts of U.S. dollar-denominated debt held by one of our Brazilian subsidiaries (Network1) for principal and variable interest payments in Brazilian reais. The impact of the changes in foreign exchange rates of the cross-currency debt instruments were recognized as adjustments to other income and expense in the Consolidated Income Statements. Interest rate differentials paid or received under the swap agreements were recognized as adjustments to interest expense in the Consolidated Income Statements.

Investments

The Company has investments that are held in a grantor trust formed by the Company related to the ScanSource, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan and Founder’s Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP"). The Company has classified these investments as trading securities, and they are recorded at fair market value with unrealized gains and losses included in the accompanying Consolidated Income Statements. The Company’s obligations under this deferred compensation plan change in concert with the performance of the investments along with contributions to and withdrawals from the plan. The fair value of these investments and the corresponding deferred compensation obligation was $17.9 million and $16.0 million as of June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015, respectively. These investments are classified as either prepaid expenses and current assets or other non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets depending on the timing of planned disbursements. The deferred compensation obligation is classified either within accrued expenses and other current liabilities or other long-term liabilities as well. The amounts of these investments classified as current assets with corresponding current liabilities were $1.6 million and $0.7 million at June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015, respectively.

Inventories

Inventories (consisting entirely of finished goods) are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market.

Vendor Programs

The Company receives incentives from vendors related to cooperative advertising allowances, volume rebates and other incentive agreements. These incentives are generally under quarterly, semi-annual or annual agreements with the vendors. Some of these incentives are negotiated on an ad hoc basis to support specific programs mutually developed between the Company and the vendor. Vendors generally require that we use their cooperative advertising allowances exclusively for advertising or other marketing programs. Incentives received from vendors for specifically identified incremental cooperative advertising programs are recorded as adjustments to selling, general and administrative expenses. FASB's Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 605 – Revenue Recognition, addresses accounting by a customer (including a reseller) for certain consideration received from a vendor. This guidance requires that the portion of these vendor funds in excess of our costs be reflected as a reduction of inventory. Such funds are recognized as a reduction of the cost of goods sold when the related inventory is sold.

The Company records unrestricted volume rebates received as a reduction of inventory a reduction of the cost of goods sold when the related inventory is sold. Amounts received or receivables from vendors that are not yet earned are deferred in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, the Company may receive early payment discounts from certain vendors. The Company records early payment discounts received as a reduction of inventory, thereby resulting in a reduction of cost of goods sold when the related inventory is sold. ASC 605 requires management to make certain estimates of the amounts of vendor incentives that will be received. Actual recognition of the vendor consideration may vary from management estimates.

Vendor Concentration

The Company sells products from many vendors, however, sales of products supplied by Avaya, Cisco, and Zebra each constituted more than 10% of the Company’s net sales for the year ended June 30, 2016. For the year ended June 30, 2015, sales of products supplied by Avaya and Zebra each constituted more than 10% of the Company's net sales. Sales of products supplied by Avaya, Honeywell, and Zebra constituted more than 10% of the Company's net sales for the year ended June 30, 2014.

Product Warranty

The Company’s vendors generally provide a warranty on the products provided by the Company and allow the Company to return defective products, including those that have been returned to the Company by its customers. In three of our product lines, the Company offers a self-branded warranty program, in which management has determined that the Company is the primary obligor. The Company purchases contracts from unrelated third parties, generally the original equipment manufacturers, to fulfill any obligation to service or replace defective product claimed on these warranty programs. As a result, the Company has not recorded a provision for estimated service warranty costs. For all other product lines, the Company does not independently provide a warranty on the products it sells; however, to maintain customer relations, the Company facilitates returns of defective products from the Company’s customers by accepting for exchange, with the Company’s prior approval, most defective products within 30 days of invoicing.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of 3 to 10 years for furniture, equipment and computer software, 40 years for buildings and 15 years for building improvements. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged to expense as incurred. Additions, major renewals and betterments to property and equipment are capitalized.

To the extent that the Company has longstanding, "in-process" projects that have not been implemented for their intended operational use, the Company capitalizes the portion of interest expense incurred during the asset's acquisition period that theoretically could have been avoided in accordance with ASC 835. The amount capitalized is determined by applying the appropriate capitalization rate to the average amount of accumulated expenditures for the asset during the reporting period. The capitalization rate used is based on the rates applicable to borrowings outstanding during the reporting period.

Capitalized Software

The Company accounts for capitalized software in accordance with ASC 350-40, which provides guidance for computer software developed or obtained for internal use. The Company is required to continually evaluate the stage of the implementation process to determine whether or not costs are expensed or capitalized. Costs incurred during the preliminary project phase or planning and research phase are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the development phase, such as material and direct services costs, compensation costs of employees associated with the development, and interest cost, are capitalized as incurred. Costs incurred during the post-implementation or operation phase, such as training and maintenance costs, are expensed as incurred. In addition, costs incurred to modify existing software that result in additional functionality are capitalized as incurred.

Goodwill

The Company accounts for recorded goodwill in accordance with ASC 350, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, which requires that goodwill be reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if impairment indicators exist. Goodwill testing utilizes a two-step impairment analysis, whereby the Company compares the carrying value of each identified reporting unit to its fair value. The carrying value of goodwill is reviewed at a reporting unit level at least annually for impairment, or more frequently if impairment indicators exist. Our goodwill reporting units align directly with our operating segments, Barcode & Security and Communications & Services. The fair values of the reporting units are estimated using the net present value of discounted cash flows generated by each reporting unit. Considerable judgment is necessary in estimating future cash flows, discount rates and other factors affecting the estimated fair value of the reporting units, including the operating and macroeconomic factors. Historical financial information, internal plans and projections, and industry information are used in making such estimates.

In the two-step impairment analysis, goodwill is first tested for impairment by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with the reporting unit's carrying amount to identify any potential impairment. If fair value is determined to be less than carrying value, a second step is used whereby the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill, determined through a hypothetical purchase price allocation, is compared with the carrying amount of the reporting units' goodwill. If the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill is less than its carrying amount, an impairment charge is recorded in current earnings for the difference. We also assess the recoverability of goodwill if facts and circumstances indicate goodwill may be impaired. In our most recent annual test, we estimated the fair value of our reporting units primarily based on the income approach utilizing the discounted cash flow method. We also utilized fair value estimates derived from the market approach utilizing the public company market multiple method to validate the results of the discounted cash flow method, which required us to make assumptions about the applicability of those multiples to our reporting units. The discounted cash flow method required us to estimate future cash flows and discount those amounts to present value. The key assumptions utilized in determining fair value included:


•	Industry weighted-average cost of capital ("WACC"): We utilized a WACC relative to each reporting unit's respective geography and industry as the discount rate for estimated future cash flows. The WACC is intended to represent a rate of return that would be expected by a market place participant in each respective geography.


•	Operating income: We utilized historical and expected revenue growth rates, gross margins and operating expense percentages, which varied based on the projections of each reporting unit being evaluated.


•	Cash flows from working capital changes: We utilized a projected cash flow impact pertaining to expected changes in working capital as each of our goodwill reporting units grow.

See Note 6 - Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets for more information regarding goodwill and the results of our testing.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist of customer relationships, trade names, distributor agreements and non-compete agreements. Customer relationships and distributor agreements are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range from 5 to 15 years. Trade names are amortized over a period ranging from 1 to 5 years. Non-compete agreements are amortized over their contract life.

Debt issuance costs are amortized over the term of the credit facility.

These assets are shown in detail in Note 6 - Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Tests for recoverability of a long-lived asset to be held and used are measured by comparing the carrying amount of the long-lived asset to the sum of the estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. In estimating the future undiscounted cash flows we use projections of cash flows directly associated with, and which are expected to arise as a direct result of, the use and eventual disposition of the assets. If it is determined that a long-lived asset is not recoverable, an impairment loss would be calculated equal to the excess of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset over its fair value.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of financial instruments is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties. The carrying values of financial instruments such as accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, borrowings under the revolving credit facility and subsidiary lines of credit approximate fair value based upon either short maturities or variable interest rates of these instruments. For additional information related to the fair value of derivatives, please see Note 9 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

Liability for Contingent Consideration

In addition to the initial cash consideration paid to former shareholders of CDC, Imago, and Network1, the Company is obligated to make additional earnout payments based on future results through a specified date based on a multiple of the subsidiary’s pro forma earnings measure as defined in the respective share purchase agreements. Future payments are to be paid in the subsidiary's local currency. In accordance with ASC 805, the Company determined the fair value of this liability for contingent consideration on the respective acquisition dates using a form of a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model following the income approach. Each period, the Company reflects the contingent consideration liability at fair value with changes recorded in the change in fair value of contingent consideration line item in the Consolidated Income Statements. The final earnout payment to the former shareholders of CDC was paid during fiscal year 2016.

Contingencies

The Company accrues for contingent obligations, including estimated legal costs, when it is probable that a liability is incurred and the amount is reasonably estimable. As facts concerning contingencies become known, management reassesses its position and makes appropriate adjustments to the financial statements. Estimates that are particularly sensitive to future changes include tax, legal, and other regulatory matters, which are subject to change as events evolve, and as additional information becomes available during the administrative and litigation process.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized once four criteria are met: (1) the Company must have persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists; (2) delivery must occur (this includes the transfer of both title and risk of loss, provided that no significant obligations remain); (3) the price must be fixed and determinable; and (4) collectability must be reasonably assured. The Company allows its customers to return product for exchange or credit subject to certain limitations.

The Company provides third-party service contracts, typically for product maintenance and support. These service contracts are sold separately from the products, and the Company often serves as the agent for the contract on behalf of the original equipment manufacturer. Since the Company acts as an agent on behalf of most of these service contracts sold, revenue is recognized net of cost at the time of sale. However, the Company provides some self-branded warranty programs and engages a third party (generally the original equipment manufacturer) to cover the fulfillment of any obligations arising from these contracts. These revenues and associated third-party costs are amortized over the life of the contract and presented in net sales and cost of goods sold, respectively.

Service revenue associated with third-party service contracts and warranty programs, as mentioned above, along with configuration and marketing services is recognized when the work is complete, and the four criteria discussed above have been substantially met. Service revenue associated with service contracts, warranty programs, configuration, marketing and other services approximates 3% of consolidated net sales for fiscal years 2016 and 2015, compared to 2% of consolidated net sales for fiscal year 2014.

During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company did not engage in sales transactions involving multiple element arrangements.

Shipping Revenue and Costs

Shipping revenue is included in net sales, and related costs are included in cost of goods sold. Shipping revenue was $13.0 million for the year ended June 30, 2016 and $12.2 million for the years ended June 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Advertising Costs

The Company defers advertising-related costs until the advertising is first run in trade or other publications, or in the case of brochures, until the brochures are printed and available for distribution. Advertising costs, included in marketing costs, after vendor reimbursement, were not significant in any of the three fiscal years ended June 30, 2016. Deferred advertising costs for any of the three fiscal years ended June 30, 2016 were also not significant.

Foreign Currency

The currency effects of translating the financial statements of the Company’s foreign entities that operate in their local currency are included in the cumulative currency translation adjustment component of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss. The Company's functional currencies include U.S. dollars, Brazilian reais, euros, British pounds, and Canadian dollars. The assets and liabilities of these foreign entities are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate at the end of the respective period. Sales, costs and expenses are translated at average exchange rates effective during the respective period. Foreign currency transactional and re-measurement gains and losses are included in other expense (income) in the Consolidated Income Statements. Such amounts are not significant to any of the periods presented.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes reflect tax consequences on future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts. Valuation allowances are provided against deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that an asset will not be realized in accordance with ASC 740, Accounting for Income Taxes. In 2016, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes and reclassified all current deferred taxes and the related valuation allowances to noncurrent positions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company has provided for U.S. income taxes for the current earnings of its Canadian subsidiary. Earnings from all other geographies are considered retained indefinitely for reinvestment. See Note 12 - Income Taxes for further discussion.

Additionally, the Company maintains reserves for uncertain tax provisions in accordance with ASC 740. See Note 12 - Income Taxes for more information.

Share-Based Payments

The Company accounts for share-based compensation using the provisions of ASC 718, Accounting for Stock Compensation, which requires the recognition of the fair value of share-based compensation. Share-based compensation is estimated at the grant date based on the fair value of the awards, in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718. Since this compensation cost is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. ASC 718 requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company has elected to expense grants of awards with graded vesting on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting portion of the award.

Comprehensive Income

ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, defines comprehensive income as the change in equity (net assets) of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. The components of comprehensive income for the Company include net income and foreign currency translation adjustments arising from the consolidation of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. Currently, the Company is not engaged in any cash flow hedges that qualify for hedge accounting.

Business Combinations

The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. ASC 805 establishes principles and requirements for recognizing the total consideration transferred to and the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interest in the acquired target in a business combination. ASC 805 also provides guidance for recognizing and measuring goodwill acquired in a business combination and requires the acquirer to disclose information that users may need to evaluate and understand the financial impact of the business combination. See Note 5 - Acquisitions for further discussion.

Reclassifications

In accordance with ASU 2015-17, all prior year deferred income taxes that were previously classified as current assets and liabilities have been reclassified to non-current positions on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company reclassified $20.6 million of deferred income tax previously classified as current assets to non-current assets as of June 30, 2015.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued a comprehensive new revenue recognition standard for contracts with customers that will supersede most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The core principle of this standard is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, the standard provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. Other major provisions include the capitalization and amortization of certain contract costs, ensuring the time value of money is considered in the transaction price, and allowing estimates of variable consideration to be recognized before contingencies are resolved in certain circumstances. This guidance also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from an entity’s contracts with customers. The new standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early application is prohibited. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. This guidance will be applicable to the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements upon the adoption of this new standard.

In December 2015, the FASB issued final guidance requiring companies to classify all deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent on the balance sheet rather than separating deferred taxes into current and noncurrent amounts. In addition, companies will also be required to classify valuation allowances on deferred taxes as noncurrent. The guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016. Early application is permitted. The guidance may be adopted on either a prospective or retrospective basis. This guidance was adopted by the Company during fiscal year 2016.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) requiring lessees to reflect most leases on their balance sheets and recognize expenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current guidance. Under the new guidance, lessees will be required to recognize a lease liability, which is a lessee‘s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis, and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. The asset will be measured at the lease liability amount, adjusted for lease prepayments, lease incentives received, and the lessee's initial direct costs. For leases with a lease term of 12 months or less, as long as the lease does not include options to purchase the underlying assets, lessees can elect not to recognize a lease liability and right-of-use asset. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged, and the accounting for sale and leaseback transactions is simplified. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. This guidance will be applicable to the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2019. The guidance must be adopted using a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements upon the adoption of this new guidance.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) simplifying several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. Under the new guidance, an entity will recognize all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement. This change eliminates the current practice of recognizing excess tax benefits in additional paid-in-capital ("APIC") and tax deficiencies in APIC to the extent that there is a sufficient APIC pool related to previously recognized excess tax benefits. In addition, excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies are considered discrete items in the reporting period they occur and are not included in the estimate of an entity’s annual effective tax rate. As for classification on the statement of cash flows, excess tax benefits will no longer represent a financing activity since they are recognized in the income statement, and will appropriately be classified as an operating activity. The ASU allows an entity to elect as an accounting policy either to continue to estimate the total number of awards for which the requisite service period will not be rendered (as currently required) or to account for forfeitures when they occur. In regards to statutory withholding requirements, the new guidance stipulates that the net settlement of an award would not result, by itself, in liability classification of the award provided that the amount withheld for taxes does not exceed the maximum statutory tax rate in the employees’ relevant tax jurisdictions. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. If early adoption is elected, all amendments in the ASU that apply must be adopted in the same period. This guidance will be applicable to the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements upon the adoption of this new guidance.