Commitments and Contingencies

Lease Payments

We have operating lease commitments for machinery, office equipment, vehicles, and manufacturing and office space which expire on varying dates. We recognized rent expense of $12.4 million, $7.6 million, and $7.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments as of December 31, 2018, under operating leases that have initial or remaining non-cancelable lease terms in excess of one year.



Year Ending December 31,	Minimum Rental Commitments
2019	$	13,337
2020	11,515
2021	10,557
2022	10,293
2023	8,752
Thereafter	53,945

Total minimum payments	$	108,399

Brazil ICMS Tax Matter

Prior to the acquisition of Autocam in 2014, Autocam’s Brazilian subsidiary (“Autocam Brazil”) received notification from the Brazilian tax authority regarding ICMS (state value added tax or “VAT”) tax credits claimed on intermediary materials (e.g. tooling and perishable items) used in the manufacturing process. The Brazilian tax authority notification disallowed state ICMS tax credits claimed on intermediary materials based on the argument that these items are not intrinsically related to the manufacturing process. Autocam Brazil filed an administrative defense with the Brazilian tax authority arguing, among other matters, that it should qualify for an ICMS tax credit, contending that the intermediary materials are directly related to the manufacturing process.

We believe that we have substantial legal and factual defenses, and we plan to defend our interests in this matter vigorously. The matter encompasses several lawsuits filed with Brazilian courts requesting declaratory actions that no tax is due or seeking a stay of execution on the collection of the tax. In 2018, we obtained a favorable decision in one of the declaratory actions for which the period for appeal has expired. We have filed actions in each court requesting dismissal of the matter based on the earlier court action. Although we anticipate a favorable resolution to all matters, we can provide no assurances that we will be successful in achieving dismissal of all pending cases. While we believe a loss is not probable, we estimate the range of possible losses related to this assessment is from $0 to $6.0 million. No amount was accrued at December 31, 2018, for this matter.

We are entitled to indemnification from the former shareholders of Autocam, subject to the limitations and procedures set forth in the agreement and plan of merger relating to the Autocam acquisition. Management believes the indemnification would include amounts owed for the tax, interest, and penalties related to this matter.

All Other Legal Matters

All other legal proceedings are of an ordinary and routine nature and are incidental to our operations. Management believes that such proceedings should not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. In making that determination, we analyze the facts and circumstances of each case at least quarterly in consultation with our attorneys and determine a range of reasonably possible outcomes.