Note 4. Segment Information

We determined our reportable segments under the provisions of U.S. GAAP related to disclosures about segments of an enterprise. Our reportable segments are based on differences in product lines.

Our business has historically been aggregated into three reportable segments: PBC, APC, and PEP. See Note 2 for information regarding the sale of the PBC Business on August 17, 2017. The results of the PBC Business are classified as discontinued operations for all periods in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes unless otherwise stated. Accordingly, results of the PBC Business are not included in the tabular presentation below.

Within our APC segment, we manufacture highly engineered, difficult-to-manufacture precision metal components and subassemblies for the automotive and general industrial end markets. Currently, we manufacture components for use in fuel delivery, electromechanical motor, steering and braking systems for the automotive industry and highly engineered shafts, mechanical components, complex precision assembled and tested parts and fluid system components for the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning and fluid power industries.

Within our PEP segment, we combine materials science expertise with advanced engineering and production capabilities to design and manufacture a broad range of high-precision metal and plastic components, assemblies, and finished devices for the medical and life sciences, electrical, automotive, general industrial and aerospace and defense end markets.

Note 22 includes discussion of our announcement subsequent to December 31, 2017, to implement a new enterprise and management structure by organizing our business into three segments beginning in 2018.

The following table presents results of continuing operations for each reportable segment. There were no significant inter-segment transactions during the periods presented.


	Autocam Precision Components Group		Precision Engineered Products Group			Corporate and Consolidations			Total
Year Ended December 31, 2017
Net sales	$	336,852	$	282,941		$	—		$	619,793
Depreciation and amortization	$	24,491	$	26,745		$	1,170		$	52,406
Income from operations	$	34,405	$	36,711		$	(38,002	)	$	33,114
Interest expense										(52,085	)
Other										(39,902	)

Loss from continuing operations before benefit for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture									$	(58,873	)

Share of net income from joint venture	$	5,211							$	5,211
Expenditures for long-lived assets	$	24,056	$	5,443		$	6,907		$	36,406

Year Ended December 31, 2016
Net sales	$	326,138	$	258,816		$	—		$	584,954
Depreciation and amortization	$	22,189	$	28,105		$	427		$	50,721
Income from operations	$	29,490	$	33,900		$	(28,611	)	$	34,779
Interest expense										(62,870	)
Other										(2,775	)

Loss from continuing operations before benefit for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture									$	(30,866	)

Share of net income from joint venture	$	5,938							$	5,938
Expenditures for long-lived assets	$	23,077	$	5,352		$	3,465		$	31,894

Year Ended December 31, 2015
Net sales	$	328,260	$	77,183		$	—		$	405,443
Depreciation and amortization	$	21,472	$	11,282		$	219		$	32,973
Income from operations	$	30,810	$	(3,806	)	$	(26,946	)	$	58
Interest expense										(29,582	)
Other										(19,694	)

Loss from continuing operations before benefit for income taxes and share of net income from joint venture									$	(49,218	)

Share of net income from joint venture	$	5,001							$	5,001
Expenditures for long-lived assets	$	21,341	$	728		$	1,373		$	23,442


	Total Assets as of December 31,
	2017		2016		2015
Autocam Precision Components Group (1)	$	428,321	$	412,692	$	416,504
Precision Engineered Products Group		738,766		720,362		747,804
Corporate and Consolidations		307,916		225,220		224,029

Total	$	1,475,003	$	1,358,274	$	1,388,337

(1)	Total assets of our APC segment include $39.8 million, $36.0 million, and $36.3 million as of December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively, related to the investment in our 49% owned joint venture (Note 10).

Acquisition related costs for the Vandalia acquisition in 2017 and the PEP and Caprock acquisitions in 2015 are reported under Corporate and Consolidations. These costs impacted income from operations at Corporate by $0.3 million and $10.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2015, respectively. We incurred no acquisition related costs in 2016. Beginning October 2, 2017, our PEP segment includes the results of the Vandalia acquisition. During 2017 since the date of the Vandalia acquisition, net sales revenue of $6.7 million and loss from operations of $0.5 million (including $0.9 million for a one-time increase in cost of goods sold for inventory step-up) has been included in our PEP segment. Beginning October 20, 2015, our PEP segment includes the results of the PEP Acquisition. Since the date of the PEP Acquisition, 2015 sales revenue of $40.7 million and net loss from operations of $5.1 million (including the $4.3 million for the one-time increase in cost of goods sold for inventory step-up, and $5.2 million for the amortization of backlog intangible) has been included in our PEP segment.

The following table summarizes sales to external customers and long-lived tangible assets by geographical region.


	Net Sales Year Ended December 31,						Property, Plant, and Equipment, Net As of December 31,
	2017		2016		2015		2017		2016
United States	$	437,838	$	407,917	$	275,152	$	173,269	$	155,784
Europe	$	40,334	$	36,481	$	32,736	$	25,288	$	21,069
Asia		62,657		64,177		46,092		26,078		19,936
Canada		2,176		1,921		861		—		—
Mexico		40,937		45,863		27,023		7,544		5,821
S. America		35,845		28,595		23,558		27,101		27,483
Other		6		—		21		—		—

All foreign countries	$	181,955	$	177,037	$	130,291	$	86,011	$	74,309

Total	$	619,793	$	584,954	$	405,443	$	259,280	$	230,093