Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

9 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

Note 4:  Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

Classes of loans are summarized as follows:

(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		June 30, 2022
Real Estate Loans:
Residential	$	1,120,970	$	904,160
Construction		517,967		258,072
Commercial		1,460,314		1,146,673
Consumer loans		125,483		92,996
Commercial loans		560,979		441,598
		3,785,713		2,843,499
Loans in process		(305,193)		(123,656)
Deferred loan fees, net		(316)		(453)
Allowance for credit losses		(45,685)		(33,192)
Total loans	$	3,434,519	$	2,686,198

The Company’s lending activities consist of origination of loans secured by mortgages on one- to four-family residences and commercial and agricultural real estate, construction loans on residential and commercial properties, commercial and agricultural business loans and consumer loans. At March 31, 2023, the Bank had purchased participations in 77 loans totaling $104.7 million, as compared to 31 loans totaling $70.0 million at June 30, 2022.

Residential Mortgage Lending. The Company actively originates loans for the acquisition or refinance of one- to four-family residences. This category includes both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgage (“ARM”) loans amortizing over periods of up to 30 years, and the properties securing such loans may be owner-occupied or non-owner-occupied. Single-family residential loans do not generally exceed 90% of the lower of the appraised value or purchase price of the secured property. Substantially all of the one- to four-family residential mortgage originations in the Company’s portfolio are located within the Company’s primary lending area. General risks related to one- to four-family residential lending include stability of borrower income and collateral values.

The Company also originates loans secured by multi-family residential properties that are often located outside the Company’s primary lending area but made to borrowers who operate within our primary lending area. The majority of the multi-family residential loans that are originated by the Company are amortized over periods generally up to 25 years, with balloon maturities typically up to ten years. Both fixed and adjustable interest rates are offered and it is typical for the Company to include an interest rate “floor” and “ceiling” in the loan agreement. Generally, multi-family residential loans do not exceed 85% of the lower of the appraised value or purchase price of the secured property. General risks related to multi-family residential lending include rental demand and supply, rental rates, and vacancies, as well as collateral values and borrower leverage.

Commercial Real Estate Lending. The Company actively originates loans secured by owner- and non-owner-occupied commercial real estate including farmland, single- and multi-tenant retail properties, restaurants, hotels, land (improved and unimproved), nursing homes and other healthcare facilities, warehouses and distribution centers, convenience stores, automobile dealerships and other automotive-related services, and other businesses. These properties are typically owned and operated by borrowers headquartered within the Company’s primary lending area, however, the property may be located outside our primary lending area. Risks to owner-occupied commercial real estate lending generally include the continued profitable operation of the borrower’s enterprise, as well as general collateral values, and may be heightened by unique, specific uses of the property serving as collateral. Non-owner-occupied commercial real estate lending risks include tenant demand and performance, lease rates, and vacancies, as well as collateral values and borrower leverage. These factors may be influenced by general economic conditions in the region, or in the United States generally. Risks to lending on farmland include unique factors such as commodity prices, yields, input costs, and weather, as well as farmland values.

Most commercial real estate loans originated by the Company generally are based on amortization schedules of up to 25 years with monthly principal and interest payments. Generally, the interest rate received on these loans is fixed for a maturity of up to ten years, with a balloon payment due at maturity. Alternatively, for some loans, the interest rate adjusts at least annually after an initial period up to seven years. The Company typically includes an interest rate “floor” in the loan agreement. Generally, improved commercial real estate loan amounts do not exceed 80% of the lower of the appraised value or the purchase price of the secured property. Agricultural real estate terms offered differ slightly, with amortization schedules of up to 25 years with an 80% loan-to-value ratio, or 30 years with a 75% loan-to-value ratio.

Construction Lending. The Company originates real estate loans secured by property or land that is under construction or development. Construction loans originated by the Company are generally to finance the construction of owner occupied residential real estate, or to finance speculative construction of residential real estate, land development, or owner-operated or non-owner occupied commercial real estate. During construction, these loans typically require monthly interest-only payments, with single-family residential construction loans having maturities ranging from six to twelve months, while multi-family and commercial construction loans typically mature in 12 to 36 months. Once construction is completed, permanent construction loans may be converted to monthly payments using amortization schedules of up to 30 years on residential and generally up to 25 years on commercial real estate. Construction and development lending risks generally include successful timely and on-budget completion of the project, followed by the sale of the property in the case of land development or non-owner-occupied real estate, or the long-term occupancy of the property by the builder in the case of owner-occupied construction. Changes in real estate values or other economic conditions may impact the ability of a borrower to sell property developed for that purpose.

While the Company typically utilizes relatively short maturity periods to closely monitor the inherent risks associated with construction loans for these loans, weather conditions, change orders, availability of materials and/or labor, and other factors may contribute to the lengthening of a project, thus necessitating the need to renew the construction loan at the balloon maturity. Such extensions are typically executed in incremental three month periods to facilitate project completion. The Company’s average term of construction loans is approximately 12 months. During construction, loans typically require monthly interest-only payments which may allow the Company an opportunity to monitor for early signs of financial difficulty should the borrower fail to make a required monthly payment. Additionally, during the construction phase, the Company typically performs interim inspections which further allow the Company opportunity to assess risk. At March 31, 2023, construction loans outstanding included 79 loans, totaling $68.5 million, for which a modification had been agreed to. At June 30, 2022, construction loans outstanding included 57 loans, totaling $13.8 million, for which a modification had been agreed to. In general, these modifications were solely for the purpose of extending the maturity date due to conditions described above, pursuant to the Company’s normal underwriting and monitoring procedures. As these modifications were not executed due to financial difficulty on the part of the borrower, they were not accounted for as troubled debt restructurings (TDRs).

Consumer Lending. The Company offers a variety of secured consumer loans, including home equity, direct and indirect automobile loans, second mortgages, mobile home loans and loans secured by deposits. The Company originates substantially all of its consumer loans in its primary lending area. Usually, consumer loans are originated with fixed rates for terms of up to 66 months, with the exception of home equity lines of credit, which are variable, tied to the prime rate of interest and are for a period of ten years.

Home equity lines of credit (HELOCs) are secured with a deed of trust and are issued up to 100% of the appraised or assessed value of the property securing the line of credit, less the outstanding balance on the first mortgage and are typically issued for a term of ten years. Interest rates on the HELOCs are generally adjustable. Interest rates are based upon the loan-to-value ratio of the property with better rates given to borrowers with more equity. Risks related to HELOC lending generally include the stability of borrower income and collateral values.

Automobile loans originated by the Company include both direct loans and a smaller amount of loans originated by auto dealers. The Company generally pays a negotiated fee back to the dealer for indirect loans. Typically, automobile loans are made for terms of up to 66 months for new and used vehicles. Loans secured by automobiles have fixed rates and are generally made in amounts up to 100% of the purchase price of the vehicle. Risks to automobile and other consumer lending generally include the stability of borrower income and borrower willingness to repay.

Commercial Business Lending. The Company’s commercial business lending activities encompass loans with a variety of purposes and security, including loans to finance accounts receivable, inventory, equipment and operating lines of credit, including agricultural production and equipment loans. The Company offers both fixed and adjustable rate commercial business loans. Generally, commercial loans secured by fixed assets are amortized over periods up to five years, while commercial operating lines of credit or agricultural production lines are generally for a one year period. Commercial lending risk is primarily driven by the borrower’s successful generation of cash flow from their business enterprise sufficient to service debt, and may be influenced by factors specific to the borrower and industry, or by general economic conditions in the region or in the United States generally. Agricultural production or equipment lending includes unique additional risk factors such as commodity prices, yields, input costs, and weather, as well as farm equipment values.

Allowance for Credit Losses. The PCL for the three- and nine- month periods ended March 31, 2023, was $10.1 million and $16.3 million, respectively, compared to $1.6 million and $1.2 million in the same period of the prior fiscal year. The ACL required for PCD loans acquired in the Citizens merger was $1.1 million, and was funded through purchase accounting adjustments, while the ACL required for non-PCD loans acquired in the Citizens merger was $5.2 million, and was funded through a charge to PCL. Additionally, the allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures was increased by $1.8 million due to the Citizens merger and funded through a charge to PCL. Exclusive of the charges required as a result of the Citizens merger, the Company would have recorded a PCL of approximately $3.1 million and $9.3 million for the three- and nine-month periods ended March 31, 2023, of which $2.0 million and $6.6 million, respectively, are attributable to the required ACL for loan balances outstanding, while $1.1 million and $2.7 million, respectively, are attributable to the required allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures, for the three- and nine-month periods. Exclusive of provisioning required by the Citizens merger, increased provisioning for loan balances outstanding in the three-month period is attributable primarily to qualitative adjustments to modeled results based on levels and trends of industry past due loans, and increased ACL estimates for classified hotel loans that have been slow to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic and the unguaranteed portion of a small pool of SBA loans exhibiting signs of credit stress, while increased provisioning for loan balances outstanding in the nine-month period is attributable primarily to loan growth and qualitative adjustments to modeled results based on the pace of growth of the Company’s loan portfolio, exclusive of acquisitions or government-guaranteed loans, relative to overall economic growth. Increased provisioning for off-balance sheet credit exposures is attributable primarily to changes in the level and mix of outstanding credit commitments. The Company has estimated its expected credit losses as of March 31, 2023, under ASC 326-20, and management believes the ACL as of that date is adequate based on that estimate. As a percentage of average loans outstanding, the Company recorded net charge offs of 0.02% (annualized) during the nine months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to less than one basis point (annualized) during the same period of the prior fiscal year. Specifically, management considered the following primary items in its estimate of the ACL:

●  economic conditions and projections as provided by Moody’s Analytics, including baseline and downside scenarios, were utilized in the Company’s estimate at March 31, 2023. Economic factors considered in the projections included national and state levels of unemployment, and national and state rates of inflation-adjusted growth in the gross domestic product. Economic conditions are considered to be a moderate and stable risk factor, relative to June 30, 2022;

● the pace of growth of the Company’s loan portfolio, exclusive of acquisitions or government guaranteed loans, relative to overall economic growth. This measure is considered to be a moderate and increasing risk factor, relative to June 30, 2022;

● levels and trends for loan delinquencies nationally and in the region. This measure as reported remains relatively stable, and the level of uncertainty about loan delinquencies is considered to be diminishing. This is considered to be a moderate and stable risk factor, relative to June 30, 2022;

● exposure to the hotel industry, in particular, metropolitan area hotels which were negatively impacted by activity restrictions and a lack of business or convention-related travel. This is considered to be an elevated and stable risk factor, relative to June 30, 2022.

PCD Loans. In connection with the acquisition of Citizens Bancshares, Co. (“Citizens”) on January 20, 2023, and Fortune Financial Corporation (“Fortune”) on February 25, 2022, the Company acquired loans both with and without evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination. Acquired loans are recorded at their fair value at the time of acquisition with no carryover from the acquired institution’s previously recorded allowance for loan and lease losses. Acquired loans are accounted for under ASC 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses.

The fair value of acquired loans recorded at the time of acquisition is based upon several factors, including the timing and payment of expected cash flows, as adjusted for estimated credit losses and prepayments, and then discounting these cash flows using comparable market rates. The resulting fair value adjustment is recorded in the form of a premium or discount to the unpaid principal balance of the respective loans. As it relates to acquired loans that, as of the date of acquisition, have experienced a more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination (“PCD”), the net premium or net discount is adjusted to reflect the Company’s allowance for credit losses recorded for PCD loans at the time of acquisition, and the remaining fair value adjustment is accreted or amortized into interest income over the remaining life of the respective loans. As it relates to loans not classified as PCD (“non-PCD”) loans, the credit loss and yield components of their fair value adjustment are aggregated, and the resulting net premium or net discount is accreted or amortized into interest income over the remaining life of the respective loans. The Company records an ACL for non-PCD loans at the time of acquisition through provision expense, and therefore, no further adjustments are made to the net premium or net discount for non-PCD loans.

Loans that the Company acquired from Citizens and Fortune, that at the time of acquisition had more-than-insignificant deterioration of credit quality since origination, are classified as PCD loans and presented in the tables below at acquisition carrying value:

(dollars in thousands)	January 20, 2023
PCD Loans - Citizens
Purchase price of PCD loans at acquisition	$	27,481
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition		(1,121)
Fair value of PCD loans at acquisition	$	26,360

(dollars in thousands)	February 25, 2022
PCD Loans - Fortune
Purchase price of PCD loans at acquisition	$	15,055
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition		(120)
Fair value of PCD loans at acquisition	$	14,935

The following tables present the balance in the ACL based on portfolio segment as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and activity in the ACL for the three- and nine- month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

	At period end and for the nine months ended March 31, 2023
	Residential		Construction		Commercial
(dollars in thousands)	Real Estate		Real Estate		Real Estate		Consumer		Commercial		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Balance, beginning of period	$	8,908	$	2,220	$	16,838	$	710	$	4,516	$	33,192
Initial ACL on PCD loans		96		12		628		164		221		1,121
Provision charged to expense		4,462		1,406		1,324		283		4,325		11,800
Losses charged off		(2)		—		(245)		(189)		(17)		(453)
Recoveries		1		—		—		18		6		25
Balance, end of period	$	13,465	$	3,638	$	18,545	$	986	$	9,051	$	45,685

	At period end and for the three months ended March 31, 2023
	Residential		Construction		Commercial
(dollars in thousands)	Real Estate		Real Estate		Real Estate		Consumer		Commercial		Total
Allowance for loan losses:
Balance, beginning of period	$	12,499	$	2,754	$	16,806	$	761	$	4,663	$	37,483
Initial ACL on PCD loans		96		12		628		164		221		1,121
Provision (benefit) charged to expense		870		872		1,111		165		4,167		7,185
Losses charged off		—		—		—		(113)		—		(113)
Recoveries		—		—		—		9		—		9
Balance, end of period	$	13,465	$	3,638	$	18,545	$	986	$	9,051	$	45,685

	At period end and for the nine months ended March 31, 2022
	Residential		Construction		Commercial
(dollars in thousands)	Real Estate		Real Estate		Real Estate		Consumer		Commercial		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Balance, beginning of period	$	11,192	$	2,170	$	14,535	$	916	$	4,409	$	33,222
Initial ACL on PCD loans		23		4		52		—		41		120
Provision (benefit) charged to expense		30		(187)		963		(93)		(340)		373
Losses charged off		(62)		—		—		(57)		(17)		(136)
Recoveries		3		—		—		57		2		62
Balance, end of period	$	11,186	$	1,987	$	15,550	$	823	$	4,095	$	33,641

	At period end and for the three months ended March 31, 2022
	Residential		Construction		Commercial
(dollars in thousands)	Real Estate		Real Estate		Real Estate		Consumer		Commercial		Total
Allowance for credit losses:
Balance, beginning of period	$	10,757	$	2,126	$	14,727	$	830	$	4,089	$	32,529
Initial ACL on PCD loans		23		4		52		—		41		120
Provision (benefit) charged to expense		434		(143)		771		19		(29)		1,052
Losses charged off		(30)		—		—		(32)		(6)		(68)
Recoveries		2		—		—		6		—		8
Balance, end of period	$	11,186	$	1,987	$	15,550	$	823	$	4,095	$	33,641

The following tables present the balance in the allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure based on portfolio segment as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and activity in the allowance for the three- and nine- month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:

	At period end and for the nine months ended March 31, 2023
	Residential			Construction		Commercial
(dollars in thousands)	Real Estate		Real Estate		Real Estate		Consumer		Commercial		Total
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure:
Balance, beginning of period	$	58	$	2,178	$	421	$	61	$	640	$	3,358
Provision (benefit) charged to expense		47		3,400		(80)		41		1,058		4,466
Balance, end of period	$	105	$	5,578	$	341	$	102	$	1,698	$	7,824

	At period end and for the three months ended March 31, 2023
	Residential			Construction		Commercial
(dollars in thousands)	Real Estate		Real Estate		Real Estate		Consumer		Commercial		Total
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure:
Balance, beginning of period	$	70	$	3,629	$	480	$	56	$	702	$	4,937
Provision (benefit) charged to expense		35		1,949		(139)		46		996		2,887
Balance, end of period	$	105	$	5,578	$	341	$	102	$	1,698	$	7,824

	At period end and for the nine months ended March 31, 2022
	Residential			Construction		Commercial
(dollars in thousands)	Real Estate		Real Estate		Real Estate		Consumer		Commercial		Total
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure:
Balance, beginning of period	$	37	$	502	$	188	$	218	$	860	$	1,805
Provision (benefit) charged to expense		46		1,221		147		(144)		(396)		874
Balance, end of period	$	83	$	1,723	$	335	$	74	$	464	$	2,679

	At period end and for the three months ended March 31, 2022
	Residential			Construction		Commercial
(dollars in thousands)	Real Estate		Real Estate		Real Estate		Consumer		Commercial		Total
Allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure:
Balance, beginning of period	$	34	$	1,673	$	170	$	58	$	244	$	2,179
Provision (benefit) charged to expense		49		50		165		16		220		500
Balance, end of period	$	83	$	1,723	$	335	$	74	$	464	$	2,679

Credit Quality Indicators. The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on all loans at origination, and is updated on a quarterly basis for loans risk rated Watch, Special Mention, Substandard, or Doubtful. In addition, lending relationships of $3 million or more, exclusive of any consumer or owner-occupied residential loan, are subject to an annual credit analysis which is prepared by the loan administration department and presented to a loan committee with appropriate lending authority. A sample of lending relationships in excess of $1 million (exclusive of single-family residential real estate loans) are subject to an independent loan review annually, in order to verify risk ratings. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:

Watch – Loans classified as watch exhibit weaknesses that require more than usual monitoring. Issues may include deteriorating financial condition, payments made after due date but within 30 days, adverse industry conditions or management problems.

Special Mention – Loans classified as special mention exhibit signs of further deterioration but still generally make payments within 30 days. This is a transitional rating and loans should typically not be rated Special Mention for more than 12 months.

Substandard – Loans classified as substandard possess weaknesses that jeopardize the ultimate collection of the principal and interest outstanding. These loans exhibit continued financial losses, ongoing delinquency, overall poor financial condition, and insufficient collateral. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful – Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses of substandard loans, and have deteriorated to the level that there is a high probability of substantial loss.

Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be Pass rated loans.

A periodic review of selected credits (based on loan size and type) is conducted to identify loans with heightened risk or probable losses and to assign risk grades. The primary responsibility for this review rests with loan administration personnel. This review is supplemented with periodic examinations of both selected credits and the credit review process by the Company’s internal audit function and applicable regulatory agencies. The information from these reviews assists management in the timely identification of problems and potential problems and provides a basis for deciding whether the credit continues to share similar risk characteristics with collectively evaluated loan pools, or whether credit losses for the loan should be evaluated on an individual loan basis.

The following table presents the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio (excluding loans in process and deferred loan fees) based on rating category and fiscal year of origination as of March 31, 2023. This table includes PCD loans, which are reported according to risk categorization after acquisition based on the Company’s standards for such classification:

(dollars in thousands)													Revolving
March 31,	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		loans		Total
Residential Real Estate
Pass	$	283,090	$	329,020	$	260,233	$	106,337	$	26,467	$	100,592	$	7,511	$	1,113,250
Watch		283		1,147		580		2,307		201		27		56		4,601
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		799		724		448		85		—		1,063		—		3,119
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Residential Real Estate	$	284,172	$	330,891	$	261,261	$	108,729	$	26,668	$	101,682	$	7,567	$	1,120,970
Construction Real Estate
Pass	$	112,913	$	68,069	$	11,896	$	9,193	$	94	$	—	$	5,616	$	207,781
Watch		155		—		—		3,190		—		—		—		3,345
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		1,280		368		—		—		—		—		—		1,648
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Construction Real Estate	$	114,348	$	68,437	$	11,896	$	12,383	$	94	$	—	$	5,616	$	212,774
Commercial Real Estate
Pass	$	272,653	$	480,124	$	290,963	$	98,101	$	86,394	$	132,560	$	33,128	$	1,393,923
Watch		7,251		9,895		165		6,874		—		119		—		24,304
Special Mention		2,940		—		—		—		—		—		—		2,940
Substandard		3,141		29,623		2,438		303		478		1,913		1,251		39,147
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial Real Estate	$	285,985	$	519,642	$	293,566	$	105,278	$	86,872	$	134,592	$	34,379	$	1,460,314
Consumer
Pass	$	27,171	$	17,498	$	6,581	$	2,048	$	854	$	1,510	$	68,727	$	124,389
Watch		74		596		64		10		—		—		—		744
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		15		4		81		8		—		95		147		350
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Consumer	$	27,260	$	18,098	$	6,726	$	2,066	$	854	$	1,605	$	68,874	$	125,483
Commercial
Pass	$	106,504	$	87,601	$	77,257	$	12,466	$	9,302	$	11,427	$	245,911	$	550,468
Watch		667		1,876		121		78		6		—		5,107		7,855
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		466		798		137		155		192		621		287		2,656
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial	$	107,637	$	90,275	$	77,515	$	12,699	$	9,500	$	12,048	$	251,305	$	560,979
Total Loans
Pass	$	802,331	$	982,312	$	646,930	$	228,145	$	123,111	$	246,089	$	360,893	$	3,389,811
Watch		8,430		13,514		930		12,459		207		146		5,163		40,849
Special Mention		2,940		—		—		—		—		—		—		2,940
Substandard		5,701		31,517		3,104		551		670		3,692		1,685		46,920
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	819,402	$	1,027,343	$	650,964	$	241,155	$	123,988	$	249,927	$	367,741	$	3,480,520

At March 31, 2023, PCD loans comprised $27.3 million of credits rated “Pass”; $25.1 million rated “Watch”; none rated “Special Mention”; $6.7 million of credits rated “Substandard”; and none rated “Doubtful”.

The following table presents the credit risk profile of the Company’s loan portfolio (excluding loans in process and deferred loan fees) based on rating category and fiscal year of origination as of June 30, 2022. This table includes PCD loans, which were reported according to risk categorization after acquisition based on the Company’s standards for such classification:

(dollars in thousands)													Revolving
June 30,	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		loans		Total
Residential Real Estate
Pass	$	380,502	$	295,260	$	118,464	$	19,383	$	22,143	$	58,545	$	6,074	$	900,371
Watch		44		242		1,083		56		—		30		—		1,455
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		266		918		87		440		18		605		—		2,334
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Residential Real Estate	$	380,812	$	296,420	$	119,634	$	19,879	$	22,161	$	59,180	$	6,074	$	904,160
Construction Real Estate
Pass	$	100,114	$	34,082	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	220	$	134,416
Watch		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Construction Real Estate	$	100,114	$	34,082	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	220	$	134,416
Commercial Real Estate
Pass	$	487,486	$	284,736	$	105,893	$	71,380	$	51,804	$	78,115	$	23,669	$	1,103,083
Watch		4,763		769		1,818		—		668		2,000		548		10,566
Special Mention		9,297		—		—		—		—		—		—		9,297
Substandard		22,086		481		140		13		22		93		65		22,900
Doubtful		827		—		—		—		—		—		—		827
Total Commercial Real Estate	$	524,459	$	285,986	$	107,851	$	71,393	$	52,494	$	80,208	$	24,282	$	1,146,673
Consumer
Pass	$	28,519	$	10,989	$	3,662	$	1,524	$	916	$	676	$	46,521	$	92,807
Watch		21		71		—		—		—		—		—		92
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		23		6		4		—		10		31		23		97
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Consumer	$	28,563	$	11,066	$	3,666	$	1,524	$	926	$	707	$	46,544	$	92,996
Commercial
Pass	$	111,370	$	93,906	$	20,795	$	10,496	$	3,253	$	7,612	$	190,235	$	437,667
Watch		1,319		194		38		6		—		186		1,206		2,949
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		295		11		—		186		—		167		323		982
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial	$	112,984	$	94,111	$	20,833	$	10,688	$	3,253	$	7,965	$	191,764	$	441,598
Total Loans
Pass	$	1,107,991	$	718,973	$	248,814	$	102,783	$	78,116	$	144,948	$	266,719	$	2,668,344
Watch		6,147		1,276		2,939		62		668		2,216		1,754		15,062
Special Mention		9,297		—		—		—		—		—		—		9,297
Substandard		22,670		1,416		231		639		50		896		411		26,313
Doubtful		827		—		—		—		—		—		—		827
Total	$	1,146,932	$	721,665	$	251,984	$	103,484	$	78,834	$	148,060	$	268,884	$	2,719,843

At June 30, 2022, PCD loans comprised $23.1 million of credits rated “Pass”; $4.7 million of credits rated “Watch”, none rated “Special Mention”, $1.1 million of credits rated “Substandard” and none rated “Doubtful”.

Past-due Loans. The following tables present the Company’s loan portfolio aging analysis (excluding loans in process and deferred loan fees) as of March 31, 2023 and June 30, 2022. These tables include PCD loans, which are reported according to aging analysis after acquisition based on the Company’s standards for such classification:

	March 31, 2023
					Greater Than								Greater Than 90
	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days		Total				Total Loans		Days Past Due
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Current		Receivable		and Accruing
(dollars in thousands)
Real Estate Loans:
Residential	$	2,110	$	203	$	636	$	2,949	$	1,118,021	$	1,120,970	$	—
Construction		141		368		—		509		212,265		212,774		—
Commercial		281		97		1,675		2,053		1,458,261		1,460,314		—
Consumer loans		536		244		176		956		124,527		125,483		—
Commercial loans		185		96		634		915		560,064		560,979		—
Total loans	$	3,253	$	1,008	$	3,121	$	7,382	$	3,473,138	$	3,480,520	$	—

	June 30, 2022
					Greater Than								Greater Than 90
	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days		Total				Total Loans		Days Past Due
	Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Past Due		Current		Receivable		and Accruing
(dollars in thousands)
Real Estate Loans:
Residential	$	1,402	$	—	$	1,064	$	2,466	$	901,694	$	904,160	$	—
Construction		—		—		—		—		134,416		134,416		—
Commercial		416		615		288		1,319		1,145,354		1,146,673		—
Consumer loans		340		45		57		442		92,554		92,996		—
Commercial loans		274		72		13		359		441,239		441,598		—
Total loans	$	2,432	$	732	$	1,422	$	4,586	$	2,715,257	$	2,719,843	$	—

At March 31, 2023, there was one PCD loan totaling $139,000 that was greater than 90 days past due and on nonaccrual, and none at June 30, 2022.

Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not adversely classified or determined to not share similar risk characteristics with collectively evaluated pools of loans for determination of the ACL estimate. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Significant payment delays or shortfalls may lead to a determination that a loan should be individually evaluated for estimated credit losses.

Collateral Dependent Loans. The following table presents the Company’s collateral dependent loans and related ACL at March 31, 2023, and June 30, 2022:

	March 31, 2023
	Amortized cost basis of
	loans determined to be		Related allowance
(dollars in thousands)	collateral dependent		for credit losses
Residential real estate loans
1- to 4-family residential loans	$	841	$	170
Total loans	$	841	$	170

	June 30, 2022
	Amortized cost basis of
	loans determined to be		Related allowance
(dollars in thousands)	collateral dependent		for credit losses
Residential real estate loans
1- to 4-family residential loans	$	864	$	193
Total loans	$	864	$	193

Nonaccrual Loans. The following table presents the Company’s amortized cost basis of nonaccrual loans segmented by class of loans at March 31, 2023, and June 30, 2022. The table excludes performing TDRs.

(dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2023		June 30, 2022
Residential real estate	$	1,175	$	1,647
Construction real estate		368		—
Commercial real estate		4,741		2,259
Consumer loans		183		73
Commercial loans		930		139
Total loans	$	7,397	$	4,118

At March 31, 2023, there were no nonaccrual loans individually evaluated for which no ACL was recorded. Interest income recognized on nonaccrual loans in the three-and nine- month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, was immaterial.

Troubled Debt Restructurings. TDRs are evaluated to determine whether they share similar risk characteristics with collectively evaluated loan pools, or must be individually evaluated. These concessions typically result from our loss mitigation activities, and could include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance, or other actions. In general, the Company’s loans that have been subject to classification as TDRs are the result of guidance under ASU No. 2011-02, which indicates that the Company may not consider the borrower’s effective borrowing rate on the old debt immediately before the restructuring in determining whether a concession has been granted. Certain TDRs are classified as nonperforming at the time of restructuring and typically are returned to performing status after considering the borrower’s sustained repayment performance for a reasonable period of at least six months.

During the three- and nine- month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, certain loans modified were classified as TDRs. They are shown, segregated by class, in the tables below:

	For the three-month periods ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
	Number of	Recorded		Number of	Recorded
(dollars in thousands)	modifications	Investment		modifications	Investment
Residential real estate	—	$	—	—	$	—
Construction real estate	—		—	—		—
Commercial real estate	—		—	—		—
Consumer loans	—		—	—		—
Commercial loans	—		—	1		185
Total	—	$	—	1	$	185

	For the nine-month periods ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
	Number of	Recorded		Number of	Recorded
(dollars in thousands)	modifications	Investment		modifications	Investment
Residential real estate	—	$	—	1	$	150
Construction real estate	—		—	—		—
Commercial real estate	—		—	—		—
Consumer loans	—		—	—		—
Commercial loans	—		—	1		185
Total	—	$	—	2	$	335

Performing loans classified as TDRs and outstanding at March 31, 2023, and June 30, 2022, segregated by class, are shown in the table below. Nonperforming TDRs are included in the nonaccrual loans table above.

	March 31, 2023			June 30, 2022
	Number of	Recorded		Number of	Recorded
(dollars in thousands)	modifications	Investment		modifications	Investment
Residential real estate	10	$	3,383	11	$	3,625
Construction real estate	—		—	—		—
Commercial real estate	6		24,241	8		25,132
Consumer loans	—		—	—		—
Commercial loans	6		2,735	8		1,849
Total	22	$	30,359	27	$	30,606

Residential Real Estate Foreclosures. The Company may obtain physical possession of real estate collateralizing a residential mortgage loan or home equity loan via foreclosure or in-substance repossession. As of March 31, 2023 and June 30, 2022, the carrying value of foreclosed residential real estate properties as a result of obtaining physical possession was $589,000 and $580,000, respectively. In addition, as of March 31, 2023, and June 30, 2022, the Company had residential mortgage loans and home equity loans with a carrying value of $1.1 million and $486,000, respectively, collateralized by residential real estate property for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process.