Goodwill and Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Note B: Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The following table shows the changes in goodwill by reportable segment and in total:

December 31	Mid- America Group			Southeast Group		West Group			Cement			Total
(add 000)	2015
Balance at beginning of period	$	282,117		$	50,346	$	852,436		$	883,900		$	2,068,799
Acquisitions		—			—		8,464			—			8,464
Adjustments to purchase price allocations		—			—		15,538			(18,634	)		(3,096	)
Divestitures		(714	)		—		(5,218	)		—			(5,932	)
Balance at end of period	$	281,403		$	50,346	$	871,220		$	865,266		$	2,068,235

	2014
Balance at beginning of period	$	263,967		$	50,346	$	302,308		$	—		$	616,621
Division reorganization		18,150			—		(18,150	)		—			—
Acquisitions		—			—		600,372			883,900			1,484,272
Divestitures		—			—		(32,094	)		—			(32,094	)
Balance at end of period	$	282,117		$	50,346	$	852,436		$	883,900		$	2,068,799

Intangible assets subject to amortization consist of the following:

December 31	Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Balance
(add 000)	2015
Noncompetition agreements	$	6,274	$	(6,069	)	$	205
Customer relationships		35,805		(10,448	)		25,357
Operating permits		450,419		(12,294	)		438,125
Use rights and other		16,746		(8,030	)		8,716
Trade names		12,800		(3,408	)		9,392
Total	$	522,044	$	(40,249	)	$	481,795

	2014
Noncompetition agreements	$	6,274	$	(5,971	)	$	303
Customer relationships		36,610		(7,654	)		28,956
Operating permits		498,462		(5,575	)		492,887
Use rights and other		15,385		(6,940	)		8,445
Trade names		12,800		(1,143	)		11,657
Total	$	569,531	$	(27,283	)	$	542,248

Intangible assets deemed to have an indefinite life and not being amortized consist of the following:

December 31	Aggregates Business		Cement		Magnesia Specialties		Total
(add 000)	2015
Operating permits	$	6,600	$	—	$	—	$	6,600
Use rights		10,175		9,137		—		19,312
Trade names		—		280		2,565		2,845
Total	$	16,775	$	9,417	$	2,565	$	28,757
	2014
Operating permits	$	6,600	$	—	$	—	$	6,600
Use rights		9,975		19,437		—		29,412
Trade names		—		14,380		2,565		16,945
Total	$	16,575	$	33,817	$	2,565	$	52,957

During 2015, the Corporation acquired $2,953,000 of intangibles, consisting of the following:

(add 000, except year data)	Amount		Weighted-average amortization period
Subject to amortization:
Customer relationships	$	375	13.3 years
Operating permits		1,017	26.5 years
Use rights and other		1,361	22.1 years
		2,753	22.5 years
Not subject to amortization:
Use rights		200	N/A
		200
Total	$	2,953

Use rights include, but are not limited to, water rights, subleases and proprietary information.

Total amortization expense for intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 was $13,962,000, $9,311,000 and $3,587,000, respectively.

The estimated amortization expense for intangible assets for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows:

(add 000)
2016	$	13,431
2017		13,345
2018		12,557
2019		11,665
2020		11,630
Thereafter		419,167
Total	$	481,795

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the aggregate amount of goodwill and a description of intangible assets, which may include (a) for amortizable intangible assets (also referred to as finite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, the amount of any significant residual value, and the weighted-average amortization period, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization (also referred to as indefinite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, and (c) the amount of research and development assets acquired and written off in the period, including the line item in the income statement in which the amounts written off are aggregated, if not readily apparent from the income statement. Also discloses (a) for amortizable intangibles assets in total and by major class, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization, the total amortization expense for the period, and the estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization the carrying amount in total and by major class, and (c) for goodwill, in total and for each reportable segment, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the period (including the aggregate amount of goodwill acquired, the aggregate amount of impairment losses recognized, and the amount of goodwill included in the gain (loss) on disposal of a reporting unit). If any part of goodwill has not been allocated to a reportable segment, discloses the unallocated amount and the reasons for not allocating. For each impairment loss recognized related to an intangible asset (excluding goodwill), discloses: (a) a description of the impaired intangible asset and the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method for determining fair value, (c) the caption in the income statement or the statement of activities in which the impairment loss is aggregated, and (d) the segment in which the impaired intangible asset is reported. For each goodwill impairment loss recognized, discloses: (a) a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method of determining the fair value of the associated reporting unit, and (c) if a recognized impairment loss is an estimate not finalized and the reasons why the estimate is not final. May also disclose the nature and amount of any significant adjustments made to a previous estimate of an impairment loss.

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