Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Note D: Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The following table shows the changes in goodwill by reportable segment and in total:

December 31	East Group		West Group			Total
(in millions)	2022
Balance at beginning of period	$	759.4	$	2,735.0		$	3,494.4
Acquisitions		—		3.7			3.7
Goodwill reclassified from assets held for sale		—		8.1			8.1
Divestitures		—		(159.7	)		(159.7	)
Measurement period adjustments		5.0		298.0			303.0
Balance at end of period	$	764.4	$	2,885.1		$	3,649.5
	2021
Balance at beginning of period	$	572.5	$	1,841.5		$	2,414.0
Acquisitions		186.9		893.5			1,080.4
Balance at end of period	$	759.4	$	2,735.0		$	3,494.4

Intangible assets subject to amortization consist of the following:

December 31	Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Net Balance
(in millions)	2022
Noncompetition agreements	$	4.1	$	(4.0	)	$	0.1
Customer relationships		423.7		(62.7	)		361.0
Operating permits		502.2		(61.4	)		440.8
Use rights and other		13.9		(12.4	)		1.5
Trade names		23.3		(14.7	)		8.6
Total	$	967.2	$	(155.2	)	$	812.0
	2021
Noncompetition agreements	$	4.2	$	(4.1	)	$	0.1
Customer relationships		425.3		(49.2	)		376.1
Operating permits		697.3		(56.6	)		640.7
Use rights and other		16.3		(13.9	)		2.4
Trade names		23.3		(13.6	)		9.7
Total	$	1,166.4	$	(137.4	)	$	1,029.0

Intangible assets subject to amortization decreased in 2022 due to measurement period adjustments to acquisition-date fair values and the divestiture of the Company's Colorado and Central Texas ready mixed concrete businesses (see Note C).

Intangible assets deemed to have an indefinite life that are therefore not amortized consist of the following:

December 31	Building Materials Business		Magnesia Specialties		Total
(in millions)	2022
Operating permits	$	6.6	$	—	$	6.6
Use rights		26.7		—		26.7
Trade names		—		2.5		2.5
Total	$	33.3	$	2.5	$	35.8
	2021
Operating permits	$	6.6	$	—	$	6.6
Use rights		26.7		—		26.7
Trade names		0.2		2.5		2.7
Total	$	33.5	$	2.5	$	36.0

Total amortization expense for intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $26.6 million, $24.0 million and $13.4 million, respectively. The intangible assets classified as held for sale are not being amortized.

The estimated amortization expense for intangible assets for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows:

(in millions)
2023	$	28.1
2024		28.0
2025		27.9
2026		26.6
2027		25.8
Thereafter		675.6
Total	$	812.0