485BPOS 1 d485bpos.htm MASSMUTUAL SELECT FUNDS 485BPOS FILING MassMutual Select Funds 485BPos Filing
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


FORM N-1A

REGISTRATION STATEMENT (NO. 33-73824)

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

Pre-Effective Amendment No.

Post-Effective Amendment No. 43

and

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

Investment Company Act File No. 811-8274

Amendment No. 45

 


MASSMUTUAL SELECT FUNDS

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Declaration of Trust)

 


1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111

(413) 788-8411

Name and Address of Agent for Service

Andrew M. Goldberg, Esq.

Assistant Secretary

MassMutual Select Funds

1295 State Street

Springfield, Massachusetts 01111

 


Copy to:

Timothy W. Diggins, Esq.

Ropes & Gray LLP

One International Place

Boston, MA 02110

 


It is proposed that this filing become effective on December 17, 2007 pursuant to paragraph (b) of rule 485.

Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

TO THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION:

Registrant submits this Post-Effective Amendment No. 43 to its Registration Statement No. 33-73824 under the Securities Act of 1933 and this Amendment No. 45 to its Registration Statement No. 811-8274 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. This Post-Effective Amendment relates only to the MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund and the MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund. No other information relating to any other series of Registrant is amended or superceded hereby.

 



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MASSMUTUAL SELECT FUNDS

 

This Prospectus describes the following Funds:

 

Large Cap Growth

   Sub-Advised by:
MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund   

T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc./Wellington Management Company, LLP/Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc.

Asset Allocation/Lifecycle

  

MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund

  

 

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any statement to the contrary is a crime.

 

PROSPECTUS

December 17, 2007

 

–  1  –


Table of Contents
Table Of Contents    Page

Summary Information

   3

About the Funds

  

MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund

   4

MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund

   8

Summary of Principal Risks

   11

About the Investment Adviser and Sub-Advisers

  

Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company

   16

Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc.

   16

T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.

   17

Wellington Management Company, LLP

   17

About the Classes of Shares – Multiple Class Information

  

Class S Shares

   18

Class Y Shares

   18

Class L Shares

   18

Class A Shares

   18

Class N Shares

   18

Compensation to Intermediaries

   19

Investing in the Funds

  

Buying, Redeeming and Exchanging Shares

   21

Initial Sales Charges

   22

Contingent Deferred Sales Charges

   23

Waivers of Class A Initial Sales Charges

   23

Waivers of Class A and Class N Contingent Deferred Sales Charges

   24

Determining Net Asset Value

   24

How to Invest

   25

Taxation and Distributions

   25

Investment Performance

   27

Additional Investment Policies and Risk Considerations

   28

 

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Summary Information

 

MassMutual Select Funds (the “Funds” or the “Trust”) provides a broad range of investment choices across the risk/return spectrum. The summary pages that follow describe the MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund’s and the MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund’s:

 

·  

Investment objectives.

 

·  

Principal Investment Strategies and Risks. A “Summary of Principal Risks” of investing in the Funds begins on page 11.

 

·  

Fees and Expenses.

 

A description of the Trust’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of each Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the Funds’ Statement of Additional Information.

 

There is no assurance that a Fund’s investment objective will be achieved, and you can lose money by investing in the Funds.

 

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MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund

 

Investment Objective

 

 

The Fund seeks long-term growth of capital.

 

Principal Investment Strategies and Risks

 

 

The Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing primarily in U.S. common stocks. While most assets will be invested in U.S. common stocks, foreign securities, futures and options may also be purchased, in keeping with Fund objectives. Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in equity securities of mid- and large-capitalization companies. Mid- and large-capitalization companies are defined as those companies whose market capitalizations, at the time of purchase, are included in the range of companies in the Russell 1000® Growth Index. As of October 31, 2007, the range of capitalization of companies included in the Russell 1000 Growth Index was $838 million to $502.6 billion. Three Sub-Advisers manage the Fund, each being responsible for a portion of the portfolio, but not necessarily equal weighted. Each of the Fund’s Sub-Advisers may sell securities for a variety of reasons, such as to secure gains, limit losses or redeploy assets into more promising opportunities.

 

T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (“T. Rowe Price”) invests in companies that it believes are well established in their industries and have the potential for above-average earnings growth. T. Rowe Price focuses on companies with leading market position, seasoned management and strong financial fundamentals. The investment approach reflects T. Rowe Price’s belief that solid company fundamentals (with emphasis on strong growth in earnings per share or operating cash flow) combined with a positive industry outlook will ultimately reward investors with strong investment performance. Some of the companies targeted will have good prospects for dividend growth.

 

In pursuing the Fund’s investment objective, T. Rowe Price has the discretion to purchase some securities that do not meet its normal investment criteria, as described above, when it perceives an unusual opportunity for gain. These special situations might arise when T. Rowe Price believes a security could increase in value for a variety of reasons, including a change in management, an extraordinary corporate event, or a temporary imbalance in the supply of or demand for the securities.

 

Wellington Management Company, LLP (“Wellington Management”) invests primarily in common stocks of growth-oriented companies. Wellington Management uses a combination of bottom-up fundamental research and proprietary quantitative modeling to find growth stocks that it believes are attractively valued with a catalyst which may include solid management, strong competitive positions or attractive business models. Wellington Management will closely monitor the portfolio’s economic sector weightings relative to the Russell 1000 Growth Index.

 

Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc. (“Legg Mason”) invests in a limited number of stocks that it believes offer above-average growth potential and trade at a significant discount to Legg Mason’s assessment of their intrinsic value. The selection of common stocks is made through a process whereby companies are identified and selected as eligible investments by examining fundamental quantitative and qualitative aspects of the company, its management and its financial position as compared to its stock price. Legg Mason’s bottom up, fundamental investment strategy is based on the principle that a shareholder’s return from owning a stock is ultimately determined by the fundamental economics of the underlying business.

 

The Principal Risks of investing in the Fund are Market Risk, Credit Risk, Management Risk, Liquidity Risk, Derivative Risk, Foreign Investment Risk, Smaller Company Risk, Growth Company Risk and Leveraging Risk.

 

These Risks are described beginning on page 11.

 

Annual Performance

 

 

The Fund began operations December 17, 2007, and therefore has no performance history. There will be risks of investing in the Fund because the returns can be expected to vary from year to year.

 

Average Annual Total Returns

 

 

Because this Fund is new, there is no table which shows how the Fund’s returns have deviated from the broad market.

 

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Expense Information

 

 

    Class S     Class Y     Class L     Class A     Class N  
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)          

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) on purchases (as a % of offering price)

  None     None     None     5.75 %   None  

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a % of the lower of the original offering price or redemption proceeds)

  None     None     None     None (1)   1.00 %(2)
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that are deducted from Fund assets) (% of average net assets)          

Management Fees

  .70 %   .70 %   .70 %   .70 %   .70 %

Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Fees

  None     None     None     .25 %   .50 %

Other Expenses(3)(4)

  .30 %   .40 %   .55 %   .55 %   .60 %
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses   1.00 %   1.10 %   1.25 %   1.50 %   1.80 %
                             

Less Expense Reimbursement

  (.20 %)   (.25 %)   (.25 %)   (.25 %)   (.25 %)

Net Fund Expenses(5)(6)

  .80 %   .85 %   1.00 %   1.25 %   1.55 %

 

Examples

 

These examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The examples assume that you invest $10,000 in each share class of the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. For Class A shares, the examples include the initial sales charge. The examples also assume that your investment earns a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses are exactly as described in the preceding table. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

     1 Year    3 Years

Class S

   $ 82    $ 296

Class Y

   $ 87    $ 321

Class L

   $ 102    $ 368

Class A

   $ 695    $ 995

Class N

   $ 261    $ 539

 

Except for Class N shares, the figures shown above would be the same whether you sold your shares at the end of a period or kept them. For Class N shares, you would pay the following expenses if you did not redeem your shares:

 

     1 Year    3 Years

Class N

   $158    $539
(1)   A contingent deferred sales charge may apply to shares redeemed within 18 months of purchase from initial investments of $1 million or more.

 

(2)   Applies to shares redeemed within 18 months of purchase.

 

(3)   Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the first fiscal year of the Fund.

 

(4)   Other Expenses include Acquired Fund fees and expenses, which represent approximate expenses to be borne indirectly by the Fund in its first fiscal year through investments in other pooled investment vehicles. The amount of Acquired Fund fees and expenses may change due to a number of factors including, among others, a change in allocation of the Fund’s investments among other pooled investment vehicles.

 

(5)   The expenses in the above table reflect a written agreement by MassMutual to cap the fees and expenses of the Fund (other than extraordinary litigation and legal expenses, or other non-recurring or unusual expenses), excluding Acquired Fund fees and expenses, through March 31, 2009 to the extent that Net Fund Expenses would otherwise exceed .80%, .85%, 1.00%, 1.25% and 1.55% for Classes S, Y, L , A and N, respectively. The Net Fund Expenses shown in the above table may exceed these amounts, because Acquired Fund fees and expenses are excluded from the cap. The agreement cannot be terminated unilaterally by MassMutual.

 

(6)   Employee benefit plans which invest in the Fund through MassMutual separate investment accounts may pay additional charges under their group annuity contract or services agreement. Investors who purchase shares directly from the Fund may also be subject to charges imposed in their administrative services or other agreement with MassMutual or MassMutual affiliate. None of these charges are deducted from Fund assets.

 

T. Rowe Price, Wellington Management and Legg Mason Performance for Similar Accounts*

 

 

The bar chart illustrates the variability of returns achieved by each Sub-Adviser for all accounts with investment objectives, policies and investment strategies substantially similar to that of the Fund. The composite performance does not represent the historical performance of the Fund and should not be interpreted as being indicative of future performance of the Fund.

 

LOGO

 

 

    Highest Quarter   Lowest Quarter

T. Rowe Price Composite

  24.79%, 4Q 1998   -17.17%, 1Q 2001

Wellington Management Composite

  26.44%, 4Q 1998   -20.04%, 3Q 2001

Legg Mason Composite

  37.39%, 4Q 1998   -23.31%, 3Q 2001

 

–  5  –


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T. Rowe Price, Wellington Management and Legg Mason Average Annual Total

Returns for Similar Accounts*

 

(for the periods ended December 31, 2006)

 

The table compares each Sub-Adviser’s investment results for all accounts with investment objectives, policies and investment strategies substantially similar to that of the Fund to an index measuring the broad market over different time periods.

 

   

One

Year

 

Five

Years

  Ten
Years

T. Rowe Price Composite

     

Class S*

  9.76%   4.58%   7.54%

Class Y*

  9.71%   4.53%   7.49%

Class L*

  9.56%   4.38%   7.34%

Class A*

  3.02%   2.90%   6.45%

Class N*

  8.01%   3.82%   6.78%
             

Russell 1000 Growth Index^

  9.07%   2.69%   5.44%
           

Since
Inception

(1/1/98)

Wellington Management Composite

     

Class S*

  9.10%   2.20%   4.17%

Class Y*

  9.05%   2.15%   4.12%

Class L*

  8.90%   2.00%   3.96%

Class A*

  2.40%   0.54%   3.03%

Class N*

  7.35%   1.44%   3.40%
             

Russell 1000 Growth Index^

  9.07%   2.69%   2.98%
            Ten
Years

Legg Mason Composite

     

Class S*

  1.40%   11.66%   11.18%

Class Y*

  1.35%   11.61%   11.13%

Class L*

  1.20%   11.46%   10.97%

Class A*

  -4.86%   9.89%   10.06%

Class N*

  -0.35%   10.90%   10.41%
             

Russell 1000 Growth Index^

  9.07%   2.69%   5.44%

 

* For T. Rowe Price and Wellington Management, performance shown is a composite of all discretionary, fee paying portfolios managed by T. Rowe Price or Wellington with substantially similar investment objectives, policies and investment strategies and without significant client-imposed restrictions, adjusted to reflect the fees and expenses of each of the Fund’s share classes, including sales loads. For Legg Mason, performance shown is a composite of all discretionary, fee paying accounts with a minimum market value of $10 million managed by Legg Mason with substantially similar investment objectives, policies and investment strategies and without significant client-imposed restrictions, adjusted to reflect the fees and expenses of each of the Fund’s share classes, including sales loads. From May 1, 2004 through September 30, 2005, the Legg Mason composite contains only accounts with a minimum market value of $25 million. Prior to May 1, 2004, the Legg Mason composite did not maintain a minimum market value requirement. For each Sub-Adviser, some of the portfolios are mutual funds registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and some are private accounts. The investment returns assume the reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions. The bar chart is based on Class S expenses. The composite performance is provided solely to illustrate each Sub-Adviser’s performance in managing such a portfolio and does not represent the historical performance of the MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund and should not be interpreted as being indicative of the future performance of the Fund. Performance shown does not reflect fees that may be paid by investors for administrative services or group annuity contract charges. The composite portfolios were not subject to all of the investment restrictions to which the Fund will be subject, including restrictions imposed by the 1940 Act and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, each as amended, and no assurance can be given that the Fund’s performance would not have been lower had it been in operation during the periods for which composite and mutual fund performance information is shown. The Fund’s performance may have differed due to factors such as differences in cash flows into and out of the Fund, differences in fees and expenses, and differences in portfolio size and investments. Prior performance of each Sub-Adviser is not indicative of future rates of return and is no indication of future performance of the Fund.

^ The Russell 1000 Growth Index is an unmanaged index consisting of those Russell 1000 securities (representing the 1000 largest U.S. companies based on market capitalization) with greater than average growth orientation that tend to exhibit higher price-to-book ratios and forecasted growth values than securities in the value universe. The Index does not incur expenses or reflect any deduction for taxes and cannot be purchased directly by investors.

 

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Table of Contents

MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund

 

Investment Objective

 

 

The Fund seeks to achieve as high a total rate of return on an annual basis as is considered consistent with prudent investment risk and the preservation of capital.

 

Principal Investment Strategies and Risks

 

 

The Fund is a “fund of funds” and seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a combination of equity, fixed income and money market funds advised by MassMutual or a control affiliate of MassMutual (“Underlying Funds”) using an asset allocation strategy designed for investors expecting to retire around the year 2050. Underlying Funds can include MassMutual Select Funds, MassMutual Premier Funds and Oppenheimer Funds, which are advised by OppenheimerFunds, Inc. (“OFI”).

 

·  

Assets are allocated among Underlying Funds according to an asset allocation strategy that becomes increasingly conservative until it reaches 25% in equity funds and 75% in fixed-income funds, including money market funds (approximately five to ten years after the year 2050).

 

The Principal Risks of investing in the Fund are Market Risk, Credit Risk, Management Risk, Prepayment Risk, Liquidity Risk, Derivative Risk, Foreign Investment Risk, Emerging Markets Risk, Currency Risk, Smaller Company Risk, Growth Company Risk, Value Company Risk, Over-the-Counter Risk and Leveraging Risk.

 

These Risks are described beginning on page 11.

 

More Principal Investment Strategies and Risks

 

MassMutual invests the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund’s assets in a combination of domestic and international Underlying Funds. The target asset allocation strategy for the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund is designed to provide an approach to asset allocation that is neither overly aggressive nor overly conservative for the Fund’s retirement date.

 

(1)   OFI is a majority owned, indirect subsidiary of MassMutual. MassMutual Select Funds, MassMutual Premier Funds and Oppenheimer Funds are offered in separate prospectuses.

 

MassMutual allocates the assets of the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund among Underlying Funds according to an asset allocation strategy that becomes increasingly conservative over time. The Fund’s name refers to the approximate retirement year of the investors for whom the Fund’s asset allocation strategy is designed.

 

MassMutual Select Destination Retirement Income Fund is designed for investors in their retirement years. MassMutual allocates the Fund’s assets according to a stable target asset allocation that emphasizes fixed-income and money market funds but also includes a smaller allocation to equity funds. The Destination Retirement Income Fund is offered in a separate prospectus, dated April 2, 2007.

 

When the target asset allocation of the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund matches the MassMutual Select Destination Retirement Income Fund’s2 target asset allocation (approximately five to ten years after the Fund’s retirement date), it is expected that the Fund will be combined with the Destination Retirement Income Fund and the Fund’s shareholders will become shareholders of the Destination Retirement Income Fund. This may be done without a vote of shareholders if the Trust’s Board of Trustees determines at the time of the proposed combination that combining the Funds is in the best interests of the Funds and their shareholders. The objectives and policies stated above are non-fundamental and therefore may be changed by the Board of Trustees of the Trust without the consent of shareholders.

 

MassMutual intends to manage the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund according to its target asset allocation strategy, and does not intend to trade actively among Underlying Funds or intend to attempt to capture short-term market opportunities. However, MassMutual may modify the target asset allocation strategy for the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund and modify the selection of Underlying Funds for the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund from time to time.

 

Assuming a retirement age of 65, the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund is appropriate for investors anticipating to retire between 2046 and 2055.

 

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The following table lists the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund’s approximate asset allocation among equity and fixed income & short term/money market funds as of December 17, 2007. The table also lists the approximate asset allocation, as of December 17, 2007, to certain Underlying Funds in which the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund currently invests 5% or more. Other Underlying Funds in which the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund currently invests are listed below the table. MassMutual may change these percentages at any time and may invest in any other Underlying Funds, including any Underlying Funds that may be created in the future.

 

Investment Option Categories    Destination
Retirement
2050
Equity    95.0%
Domestic Equity   

Select Fundamental Value (Wellington)

   9.0%

Select Large Cap Value (Davis)

   5.5%

Select Diversified Value (AllianceBernstein)

   5.5%

Premier Enhanced Index Value (Babson Capital)

   6.3%

Select Aggressive Growth (Sands Capital/DMC)

   7.3%

Select Blue Chip Growth (T. Rowe Price)

   5.0%

Premier Enhanced Index Growth (Babson Capital)

   9.8%
International Equity   

Select Overseas (Harris/MFS)

   10.2%

Select Diversified International (AllianceBernstein)

   5.4%

Premier International Equity (OFI Institutional)

   5.4%
Fixed Income & Short Term/Money Market    5.0%

 

Note: The allocation percentages have been rounded to one decimal place. The allocation among equity and fixed income & short term/money market funds may therefore not equal 100%.

 

Other Underlying Funds in which the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund currently invests include: Premier Value (OFI Institutional), Premier Capital Appreciation (OFI), Select Focused Value (Harris/Cooke & Bieler), Select Mid Cap Value (Cooke & Bieler), Select Mid Cap Growth Equity (Turner/Wellington), Select Mid Cap Growth Equity II (T. Rowe Price), Select Small Company Value (Clover/T. Rowe Price/Earnest Partners), Select Small Cap Value Equity (SSqA FM), Select Emerging Growth (DMC/Insight Capital), Select Small Cap Growth Equity (Waddell & Reed/Wellington), Select Small Company Growth (Mazama/Eagle), Select Small Cap Core Equity (GSAM), Premier Main Street Small Cap (OFI Institutional), Premier Core Bond (Babson Capital), Premier Diversified Bond (Babson Capital), Premier Strategic Income (OFI Institutional) and Premier Inflation-Protected Bond (Babson Capital).

 

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Table of Contents

Annual Performance

 

 

The Fund began operations December 17, 2007, and therefore has no performance history. There will be risks of investing in the Fund because the returns can be expected to vary from year to year.

 

Average Annual Total Returns

 

 

Because this Fund is new, there is no table which shows how the Fund’s returns have deviated from the broad market.

 

Expense Information

 

 

    Class S     Class Y     Class L     Class A     Class N  
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)          

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) on purchases (as a % of offering price)

  None     None     None     5.75%     None  

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a % of the lower of the original offering price or redemption proceeds)

  None     None     None     None (1)   1.00% (2)
Annual Fund Operating
Expenses (expenses
that are deducted from Fund assets) (% of average net assets)
         

Management Fees

  .05%     .05%     .05%     .05%     .05%  

Distribution and Service (Rule
12b-1) Fees

  None     None     None     .25%     .50%  

Other Expenses(3)

  .40%     .45%     .55%     .55%     .60%  
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses(4)   .82%     .82%     .82%     .82%     .82%  
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses   1.27%     1.32%     1.42%     1.67%     1.97%  
                             

Less Expense Reimbursement

  (.35% )   (.35% )   (.35% )   (.35% )   (.35% )

Net Fund Expenses(5)(6)

  .92%     .97%     1.07%     1.32%     1.62%  

 

Examples

 

These examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The examples assume that you invest $10,000 in each share class of the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. For Class A shares, the examples include the initial sales charge. The examples also assume that your investment earns a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses are exactly as described in the preceding table. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

     1 Year    3 Years

Class S

   $ 94    $ 361

Class Y

   $ 99    $ 377

Class L

   $ 109    $ 408

Class A

   $ 701    $ 1,033

Class N

   $ 268    $ 578

 

Except for Class N shares, the figures shown above would be the same whether you sold your shares at the end of a period or kept them. For Class N shares, you would pay the following expenses if you did not redeem your shares:

 

     1 Year    3 Years

Class N

   $ 164    $ 578

 

(1)   A contingent deferred sales charge may apply to shares redeemed within 18 months of purchase from initial investments of $1 million or more.

 

(2)   Applies to shares redeemed within 18 months of purchase.

 

(3)   Other expenses are based on estimated amounts for the first fiscal year of the Fund.

 

(4)   Acquired Fund fees and expenses represent approximate expenses to be borne indirectly by the Fund in its first fiscal year through investments in other pooled investment vehicles. The amount of Acquired Fund fees and expenses may change due to a number of factors including, among others, a change in allocation of the Fund’s investments among other pooled investment vehicles.

 

(5)   The expenses in the above table reflect a written agreement by MassMutual to cap the fees and expenses of the Fund (other than extraordinary litigation and legal expenses, or other non-recurring or unusual expenses), excluding Acquired Fund fees and expenses, through March 31, 2009 to the extent that Net Fund Expenses would otherwise exceed .10%, .15%, .25%, .50% and .80% for Classes S, Y, L, A and N, respectively. The Net Fund Expenses shown in the above table may exceed these amounts, because Acquired Fund fees and expenses are excluded from the cap. The agreement cannot be terminated unilaterally by MassMutual.

 

(6)   Employee benefit plans which invest in the Fund through MassMutual separate investment accounts may pay additional charges under their group annuity contract or services agreement. Investors who purchase shares directly from the Fund may also be subject to charges imposed in their administrative services or other agreement with MassMutual or MassMutual affiliate. None of these charges are deducted from Fund assets.

 

–  10  –


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Summary of Principal Risks

 

The value of your investment in a Fund changes with the values of the investments in a Fund’s portfolio. Many things can affect those values. Factors that may have an important or significant effect on a particular Fund’s portfolio as a whole are called “Principal Risks.” These Principal Risks are summarized in this section. The Funds could be subject to additional risks. Although the Funds strive to reach their stated goals, they cannot offer guaranteed results. You have the potential to make money in these Funds, but you can also lose money. For purposes of the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund, except as otherwise stated, references in this section to “the Funds” or “a Fund” may relate to the Fund, one or more Underlying Funds, or both.

 

·  

Market Risk

 

Market risk is the general risk of unfavorable market-induced changes in the value of a security. A Fund is subject to market risk when it invests some or all of its assets in debt securities. Debt securities are obligations of an issuer to pay principal and/or interest at a fixed, variable or floating interest rate over a predetermined period. Payments of principal or interest may be at fixed intervals, only at maturity or upon the occurrence of stated events or contingencies. If interest rates rise close to or higher than the specified rate, those securities are likely to be worth less and the value of the Fund will likely fall. If interest rates fall, most securities held by a Fund paying higher rates of interest will likely be worth more, and the Fund’s value will likely increase.

 

This kind of market risk, also called interest rate risk, is generally greater for debt securities with longer maturities and portfolios with longer durations. “Duration” is the average of the periods remaining for payments of principal and interest on a Fund’s debt securities, weighted by the dollar amount of each payment. Even the highest quality debt securities are subject to interest rate risk. Market risk is generally greater for lower-rated securities or comparable unrated securities. The Destination Retirement 2050 Fund and one or more Underlying Funds are subject to this kind of market risk.

 

In the case of stocks and other equity securities (including convertible securities), market risk is the result of a number of factors, including general economic and market conditions, real or perceived changes in the prospects of the security’s issuer, changing interest rates and real or perceived economic and competitive industry conditions.

 

The Funds maintain substantial exposure to equities and do not attempt to time the market. Because of this exposure, the possibility that stock market prices in general will decline over short or even extended periods subjects the Funds to unpredictable declines in the value of their shares, as well as periods of poor performance. Market risk also includes specific risks affecting the companies whose shares are purchased by a Fund, such as management performance, financial leverage, industry problems and reduced demand for the issuer’s goods or services. The Diversified Growth Fund, the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund and one or more Underlying Funds are subject to this kind of market risk.

 

·  

Credit Risk.  This is the risk that the issuer or the guarantor of a debt security, or the counterparty to a derivatives contract or securities loan, will be unable or unwilling to make timely principal and/or interest payments, or to otherwise honor its obligations. There are varying degrees of credit risk, which are often reflected in credit ratings. Credit risk is particularly significant for a Fund to the extent it invests in below investment grade securities. These debt securities and similar unrated securities, which are commonly known as “junk bonds,” either have speculative elements or are predominantly speculative investments. Junk bonds may be subject to greater market fluctuations and greater risks of loss of income

 

Terms appearing in bold type are discussed in greater detail under “Additional Investment Policies and Risk Considerations.” Those sections also include more information about the Funds, their investments and the related risks.

 

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and principal than investment grade securities. A Fund that invests in foreign debt securities is also subject to increased credit risk because of the difficulties of requiring foreign entities, including issuers of sovereign debt, to honor their contractual commitments, and because a number of foreign governments and other issuers are already in default.

 

·  

Management Risk.  Management risk is the chance that poor security selection will cause a Fund to underperform other funds with similar investment objectives. A Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser manages the Fund according to the traditional methods of active investment management, which involves the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment. A Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser applies its investment techniques and risk analyses in making investment decisions for the Fund, but there can be no guarantee that they will produce the desired result.

 

·  

Prepayment Risk.  Prepayment risk is the risk that principal will be repaid at a different rate than anticipated, causing the return on securities to be less than expected when purchased. The Funds are also subject to reinvestment risk, which is the chance that cash flows from securities (including securities that are prepaid) will be reinvested at lower rates if interest rates fall.

 

·  

Liquidity Risk.  Liquidity risk exists when particular investments are difficult to sell. A Fund may not be able to sell these illiquid securities at the best prices. Investments in derivatives, foreign securities and securities having small market capitalization, substantial market and/or credit risk, and unregistered or restricted securities tend to involve greater liquidity risk.

 

·  

Derivative Risk.  A Fund may, but will not necessarily, use derivatives, which are financial contracts whose values depend upon, or are derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. Derivatives may relate to stocks, bonds, interest rates, currencies, credit exposures, currency exchange rates, commodities, related indexes or other assets. The use of derivative instruments may involve risks different from, or greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other more traditional investments. Derivatives are subject to a number of potential risks. Derivative products are highly specialized instruments that may require investment techniques and risk analyses different from those associated with stocks and bonds. The use of a derivative requires an understanding not only of the underlying instrument or index but also of the derivative itself, without the benefit of observing the performance of the derivative under all possible market conditions. (For example, successful use of a credit default swap may require, among other things, an understanding of both the credit of the company to which it relates and of the way the swap is likely to respond to changes in various market conditions and to factors specifically affecting the company.) The use of derivatives involves the risk that a loss may be sustained as a result of the failure of another party to the contract (typically referred to as a “counterparty”) to make required payments or otherwise to comply with the contract’s terms. Derivative transactions can create investment leverage and may be highly volatile. When a Fund uses a derivative instrument, it could lose more than the principal amount invested. Since the values of derivatives are calculated and derived from the values of other assets, reference rates, or indexes, there is greater risk that derivatives will be improperly valued. Derivatives also involve the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the relevant assets, rates or indexes they are designed to hedge or to track closely, and the risk that a derivative transaction may not have the effect the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser anticipated. Also, suitable derivative transactions may not be available in all circumstances, and there can be no assurance that a Fund will engage in these transactions to reduce exposure to other risks when that would be beneficial. A liquid secondary market may not always exist for the Fund’s derivative positions at any time. If a derivative transaction is particularly large or if the relevant market is illiquid (as is the case with many privately negotiated derivatives), it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous price. Use of derivatives may increase the amount of taxes payable by shareholders. Although the use of derivatives is

 

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intended to enhance a Fund’s performance, it may instead reduce returns and increase volatility.

 

·  

Foreign Investment Risk.  Funds investing in foreign securities may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than funds which invest solely in U.S. companies. This is because the securities markets of many foreign countries are relatively small, with a limited number of companies representing a small number of industries. In addition, foreign companies are usually not subject to the same degree of regulation as U.S. companies. Reporting, accounting and auditing standards of foreign countries differ, in some cases significantly, from U.S. standards. Also, nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, currency blockage, political changes or diplomatic developments could adversely affect a Fund’s non-U.S. investments. In the event of nationalization, expropriation or other confiscation, a Fund could lose its entire investment. Economic downturns in certain regions, such as Southeast Asia, can also adversely affect other countries whose economies appear to be unrelated.

 

Funds may also invest in foreign securities known as American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) and European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”). ADRs, GDRs and EDRs, which may be sponsored or unsponsored, represent securities or a pool of securities of an underlying foreign or, in the case of GDRs and EDRs, U.S. or non-U.S. issuer. They are subject to many of the same risks as foreign securities. ADRs, GDRs and EDRs are more completely described in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

·  

Emerging Markets Risk.  A Fund may invest in issuers located in emerging markets, subject to the applicable restrictions on foreign investments, when the investment adviser or sub-adviser deems those investments are consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies. Emerging markets are generally considered to be the countries having “emerging market economies” based on factors such as the country’s foreign currency debt rating, its political and economic stability, the development of its financial and capital markets and the level of its economy. Investing in securities from emerging markets involves special risks, including less liquidity and more price volatility than securities of comparable domestic issuers or in established foreign markets. Emerging markets also may be concentrated towards particular industries. There may also be different clearing and settlement procedures, or an inability to handle large volumes of transactions. These factors could result in settlement delays and temporary periods when a portion of a Fund’s assets is not invested and could cause a loss in value due to illiquidity.

 

·  

Currency Risk.  A Fund is subject to currency risk to the extent that it invests in securities of foreign companies that are traded in, and receive revenues in, foreign currencies. Currency risk is caused by uncertainty in foreign currency exchange rates. Fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies may enhance or diminish returns that a U.S. investor would receive on foreign investments. A Fund may, but will not necessarily, engage in foreign currency transactions in order to protect against fluctuations in the value of holdings denominated in or exposed to other currencies. Those currencies can decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar, or, in the case of hedging positions, the U.S. dollar can decline in value relative to the currency hedged. A Fund’s investment in foreign currencies may increase the amount of ordinary income recognized by the Fund.

 

·  

Smaller Company Risk.  Market risk and liquidity risk are particularly pronounced for stocks of smaller companies. These companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources or they may depend on a few key employees.

 

·

 

Growth Company Risk.  Market risk is also particularly pronounced for “growth” companies. The prices of growth company securities may fall to a greater extent than the overall equity markets (represented by the S&P 500® Index) due to changing economic, political or market factors. Growth company securities tend to be more volatile in terms of price swings and trading volume. Growth companies, especially technology related companies, have seen dramatic rises and falls in stock valuations. The Funds have the risk that the market may deem their stock prices over-valued, which could cause

 

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steep and/or volatile price swings. Also, since investors buy these stocks because of their expected superior earnings growth, earnings disappointments often result in sharp price declines.

 

·  

Value Company Risk.  The value investment approach carries the risk that the market will not recognize a security’s intrinsic value for a long time, or that a stock judged to be undervalued may actually be appropriately priced.

 

·  

Over-the-Counter Risk.  OTC transactions involve risks in addition to those associated with transactions in securities traded on exchanges. OTC-listed companies may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources. Many OTC stocks trade less frequently and in smaller volume than exchange-listed stocks. The values of these stocks may be more volatile than exchange-listed stocks, and funds that invest in these stocks may experience difficulty in purchasing or selling these securities at a fair price.

 

·  

Leveraging Risk.  When a Fund borrows money or otherwise leverages its portfolio, the value of an investment in that Fund will be more volatile and all other risks will tend to be compounded. A Fund may take on leveraging risk by investing collateral from securities loans, by using derivatives and by borrowing money to repurchase shares or to meet redemption requests. Leveraging may increase the assets on which the investment adviser’s or sub-adviser’s fee is based.

 

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Principal Risks by Fund

 

The following chart summarizes the Principal Risks of each Fund. A particular Fund may, however, still have non-Principal risks not identified in this chart.

 

Fund  

Market

Risk

 

Credit

Risk

 

Manage-

ment

Risk

 

Pre-

payment

Risk

 

Liquidity

Risk

 

Derivative

Risk

 

Foreign

Invest-

ment

Risk

 

Emerging

Markets

Risk

 

Currency

Risk

 

Smaller

Company

Risk

 

Growth

Company

Risk

 

Value

Company

Risk

  Over-
the-
Counter
Risk
 

Lever-
aging

Risk

Diversified
Growth Fund

  X   X   X     X   X   X       X   X       X

Destination Retirement 2050 Fund

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

 

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About the Investment Adviser and Sub-Advisers

 

Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (“MassMutual”) located at 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111, is the Funds’ investment adviser and is responsible for providing all necessary investment management and administrative services. Founded in 1851, MassMutual is a mutual life insurance company that provides a broad range of insurance, money management, retirement and asset accumulation products and services for individuals and businesses. As of December 31, 2006, MassMutual, together with its subsidiaries, had assets under management in excess of $455 billion.

 

MassMutual will be paid an investment management fee based on a percentage of each Fund’s average daily net assets as follows: .70% for the Diversified Growth Fund and .05% for the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund.

 

A discussion regarding the basis for the board of trustees approving the investment advisory contracts of the Funds will be available in the Funds’ annual report to shareholders dated December 31, 2007.

 

Each Fund also pays MassMutual an administrative and shareholder service fee at an annual rate based on a percentage of daily net assets for the applicable class of shares. The fee for each share class of the Diversified Growth Fund and the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund, respectively, are .05% and .01% for Class S shares; .15% and .06% for Class Y shares; .30% and .16% for Class L and Class A shares; and .35% and .21% for Class N shares.

 

MassMutual, as the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund’s investment adviser, administers the asset allocation program for the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund. This function is performed by MassMutual’s Asset Allocation Committee, led by Kristin Fafard, CFA. Ms. Fafard joined MassMutual in 2003 as Managing Director for the MassMutual Retirement Services Investment Services Group. She leads a team of investment professionals who conduct money manager research for the MassMutual Investment Program. Prior to joining MassMutual, Ms. Fafard worked in various positions at Allmerica Financial, including investment consulting for the company’s variable and group retirement products, and stable value risk analysis. In addition to Ms. Fafard, the regular members of MassMutual’s Asset Allocation Committee include Bruce Picard Jr., CFA and Frederick (Rick) Schulitz. Mr. Schulitz joined MassMutual in 2006 as an Investment Consultant. Prior to joining MassMutual, Mr. Schulitz held Director positions at Prudential Retirement and ING, covering retirement and investment marketing, communications and strategic alliances. Mr. Picard joined MassMutual in 2005 as Investment Consultant. Prior to joining MassMutual, Mr. Picard was a Vice President at Loomis, Sayles & Co. LP, where he worked in various positions covering research, portfolio analysis and product development for the company’s Specialty Growth and mutual fund units.

 

Ms. Fafard and the MassMutual Retirement Services Investment Services Group are also responsible for determining the allocation of portfolio assets and/or cash flows among Sub-Advisers for those Funds with multiple sub-advisers.

 

MassMutual contracts with the following Sub-Advisers to help manage the Diversified Growth Fund:

 

Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc. (“Legg Mason”), located at 100 Light Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, manages a portion of the portfolio of the Diversified Growth Fund. Legg Mason is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., a financial services holding company. As of September 30, 2007, Legg Mason had approximately $68 billion in assets under management.

 

Robert Hagstrom                                                                                                                                                                             

is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of a portion of the Diversified Growth Fund. Mr. Hagstrom has been employed by one or more subsidiaries of Legg Mason Inc. since 1998. He currently serves as Senior Vice President for Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc. Mr. Hagstrom is a Chartered Financial Analyst and is a member of the Association of Investment Management & Research and the Financial Analysts of Philadelphia.

 

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T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (“T. Rowe Price”), located at 100 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, manages a portion of the portfolio of the Diversified Growth Fund. T. Rowe Price, a wholly-owned subsidiary of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., a publicly-traded financial services holding company, has been managing assets since 1937. As of September 30, 2007, T. Rowe Price had approximately $396.8 billion in assets under management.

 

Larry J. Puglia                                                                                                                                                                                  

is the portfolio manager of a portion of the Diversified Growth Fund. Mr. Puglia, investment advisory committee chairman of the T. Rowe Price Blue Chip Growth Fund, has day-to-day responsibility for managing the portfolio and works with the committee in developing and executing the portfolio’s investment program. He is a Chartered Financial Analyst and a Certified Public Accountant, and a Vice President of T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. Mr. Puglia has been the lead portfolio manager for the U.S. Large-Cap Core Growth Strategy for T. Rowe Price since 1997 and has been managing its Large-Cap Core Growth Portfolios since 1993. He also serves on the investment advisory committee of T. Rowe Price’s Institutional U.S. Large-Cap Growth Strategy. Mr. Puglia joined T. Rowe Price in 1990.

 

Wellington Management Company, LLP (“Wellington Management”), a Massachusetts limited liability partnership with principal offices located at 75 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109, manages a portion of the portfolio of the Diversified Growth Fund. Wellington Management is a professional investment counseling firm which provides investment services to investment companies, employee benefit plans, endowments, foundations and other institutions. Wellington Management and its predecessor organizations have provided investment advisory services for over 70 years. As of September 30, 2007, Wellington Management had investment management authority with respect to approximately $607 billion in assets.

 

Mammen Chally                                                                                                                                                                               

has served as portfolio manager of a portion of the Diversified Growth Fund since its inception in 2007. Mr. Chally, a Chartered Financial Analyst, is a Vice President and Equity Portfolio Manager of Wellington Management and joined the firm in 1994 and has been an investment professional since 1996.

 

James A. Rullo                                                                                                                                                                                  

has served as portfolio manager of a portion of the Diversified Growth Fund since its inception in 2007. Mr. Rullo, a Chartered Financial Analyst, is a Senior Vice President of Wellington Management and Director of the Quantitative Investment Group. Mr. Rullo joined Wellington Management as an investment professional in 1994.

 

The Trust’s Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) provides additional information about each portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and each portfolio manager’s ownership of securities in the relevant Fund.

 

MassMutual has received exemptive relief from the SEC to permit MassMutual to change sub-advisers or hire new sub-advisers for one or more Funds from time to time without obtaining shareholder approval. Normally, shareholders are required to approve investment sub-advisory agreements. Several other mutual fund companies have received similar relief. MassMutual believes having this authority is important, because it allows MassMutual to remove and replace a sub-adviser in a quick, efficient and cost-effective fashion when, for example, its performance is inadequate or the sub-adviser no longer is able to meet a Fund’s investment objective and strategies. The shareholders of each Fund have previously approved this arrangement. Pursuant to the exemptive relief, MassMutual will provide to a Fund’s shareholders, within 90 days of the hiring of a new sub-adviser, an information statement describing the new sub-adviser.

 

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About the Classes of Shares – Multiple Class Information

 

Each Fund offers five Classes of shares: Class S, Class Y, Class L, Class A and Class N. Class A shares have up-front sales charges and Class N shares have contingent deferred sales charges. Only Class A and Class N shares charge Rule 12b-1 fees.

 

Class S, Class Y and Class L shares are primarily offered to institutional investors through institutional distribution channels, such as employer-sponsored retirement plans or through broker-dealers, financial institutions or insurance companies. Class A and N shares are primarily offered through other distribution channels, such as broker-dealers or financial institutions. The different Classes have different fees, expenses and/or minimum investor size requirements. The difference in the fee structures among the Classes is the result of their separate arrangements for shareholder and distribution services and is not the result of any difference in amounts charged by MassMutual for investment advisory services. Accordingly, management fees do not vary by Class. Different fees and expenses of a Class will affect performance of that Class. For actual past expenses of each share class, see the fund-by-fund information earlier in this prospectus. Investors may receive different levels of service in connection with investments in different classes of shares and intermediaries may receive different levels of compensation in connection with each share class. For additional information, call us toll free at 1-888-309-3539 or contact a sales representative or financial intermediary who offers the Classes.

 

Except as described below, all Classes of shares of a Fund have identical voting, dividend, liquidation and other rights, preferences, terms and conditions. The only differences among the various Classes are: (a) each Class may be subject to different expenses specific to that Class; (b) each Class has a different Class designation; (c) each Class has exclusive voting rights with respect to matters solely affecting such Class; (d) each Class offered in connection with a Rule 12b-1 Plan will bear the expense of the payments that would be made pursuant to that Rule 12b-1 Plan, and only that Class will be entitled to vote on matters pertaining to that Rule 12b-1 Plan; and (e) each Class will have different exchange privileges.

 

Each Class of a Fund’s shares invests in the same portfolio of securities. Because each Class will have different expenses, they will likely have different share prices. All Classes of shares are available for purchase by insurance company separate investment accounts.

 

Each Class of shares of the Funds may also be purchased by the following Eligible Purchasers:

 

·  

Qualified plans under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as amended (the “Code”), Code Section 403(b) plans, Code Section 457 plans and non-qualified deferred compensation plans, where plan assets of the employer generally exceed or are expected to exceed $50 million for Class S shares, $5 million for Class Y shares and $1 million for Class L shares.

 

Class S shares may also be purchased by:

 

·  

Registered mutual funds and collective trust funds; and

 

·  

Other institutional investors with assets generally in excess of $50 million.

 

Class Y shares may also be purchased by:

 

·  

Registered mutual funds and collective trust funds; and

 

·  

Other institutional investors with assets generally in excess of $5 million.

 

Class L shares may also be purchased by:

 

·  

Other institutional investors with assets generally in excess of $1 million.

 

Class A and Class N shares may also be purchased by:

 

·  

Individual retirement accounts described in Code Section 408;

 

·  

Voluntary employees’ beneficiary associations described in Code Section 501(c)(9); and

 

·  

Other institutional investors.

 

Additional Information.

 

An institutional investor or plan may be permitted to purchase shares of a class even if the institutional investor or plan does not meet the minimum investment amounts set forth above, if the Distributor or MassMutual as applicable, determines that the

 

–  18  –


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expected size (over time), servicing needs, or distribution or servicing costs for the institutional investor or plan are comparable to those of institutional investors or plans eligible to purchase shares of that class.

 

Eligible Purchasers must have an agreement with MassMutual or a MassMutual affiliate to purchase shares. Class L shares are generally sold in connection with the use of an intermediary performing third party administration and/or other shareholder services. There is no minimum plan or institutional investor size to purchase Class A or Class N shares.

 

Class A and Class N shares may be offered to present or former officers, directors, trustees and employees (and their spouses, parents, children and siblings) of the Funds, MassMutual and its affiliates and retirement plans established by them for their employees.

 

Shareholder and Distribution Fees.  Class S, Y and L shares of each Fund are purchased directly from the Trust without a front-end sales charge. Therefore, 100% of an Investor’s money is invested in the Fund or Funds of its choice. Class S, Y and L shares do not have deferred sales charges or any Rule 12b-1 fees.

 

Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Fees.  Class A shares are sold at net asset value per share plus an initial sales charge. Class N shares are sold at net asset value per share without an initial sales charge. Therefore, for Class N shares, 100% of an Investor’s money is invested in the Fund or Funds of its choice. The Funds have adopted Rule 12b-1 Plans for Class A and Class N shares of the Funds.

 

Under the Class A Rule 12b-1 Plans, each Fund is permitted to pay distribution and service fees at the annual rate of .25%, in the aggregate, of that Fund’s average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares. Distribution fees may be paid to brokers or other financial intermediaries for providing services in connection with the distribution and marketing of Class A shares and for related expenses. Services fees may be paid to brokers or other financial intermediaries for providing personal services to Class A shareholders and/or maintaining Class A shareholder accounts and for related expenses. Compensation under the Class A Rule 12b-1 Plans for service fees will be paid to MassMutual, through MML Distributors, LLC (the “Distributor”), and compensation under the Plans for distribution fees will be paid to the Distributor. MassMutual and the Distributor will be entitled to retain a portion of the fees generated by an account, or may reallow the full amount to the brokers or other intermediaries. MassMutual may pay any Class A Rule 12b-1 service fees to brokers or other financial intermediaries in advance for the first year after the shares are sold. After the shares have been held for a year, MassMutual will pay the service fees on a quarterly basis.

 

Under the Class N Rule 12b-1 Plans, each Fund pays the Distributor an annual distribution fee of .25%. Each Fund also pays .25% in services fees to MassMutual each year under the Class N Rule 12b-1 Plans. MassMutual will be entitled to retain a portion of the fees generated by an account, or may reallow the full amount to brokers or other financial intermediaries for providing personal services to Class N shareholders and/or maintaining Class N shareholder accounts and for related expenses. MassMutual may pay the .25% service fees to brokers or other financial intermediaries in advance for the first year after the shares are sold. After the shares have been held for a year, MassMutual pays the service fees on a quarterly basis. The Distributor will be entitled to retain a portion of the fees generated by an account, or may reallow the full amount to brokers or other financial intermediaries for providing services in connection with the distribution and marketing of Class N shares and for related expenses.

 

Because these fees are paid out of a Fund’s assets on an on-going basis, over time these fees will increase the costs of your investment in the Class A and Class N shares and may cost you more than other types of sales charges.

 

Compensation to Intermediaries

 

The Distributor may directly, or through MassMutual, pay a sales concession of up to 1.00% of the purchase price of Class N, Class A and Class L shares to brokers or other financial intermediaries from its own resources at the time of sale. However, the total amount paid to brokers or other financial intermediaries at the time of sale of Class N and Class A shares, including any advance of Rule 12b-1 service fees by MassMutual, may be only 1.00% of the purchase price. In addition, MassMutual may directly, or through the Distributor, pay up to .25% of the amount invested to intermediaries who provide services on behalf of Class S, Class Y, Class L,

 

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Class A or Class N shares. This compensation is paid by MassMutual, not from Fund assets. The payments on account of Class S, Class Y, Class L, Class A or Class N shares will be based on criteria established by MassMutual. In the event that amounts paid by the Funds to MassMutual as administrative or management fees are deemed indirect financing of distribution or servicing costs for Class S, Class Y or Class L shares, the Funds have adopted distribution and servicing plans (i.e., Rule 12b-1 Plans) authorizing such payments. No additional fees are paid by the Funds under these plans. Compensation paid by the Funds to brokers or other intermediaries for providing services on account of Class A or Class N shares is described above under “Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Fees.” Annual compensation paid on account of Class S, Class Y, Class L, Class A or Class N shares will be paid quarterly, in arrears.

 

MassMutual may also make payments, out of its own assets, to intermediaries, including broker-dealers, insurance agents and other service providers, that relate to the sale of the Funds or certain of MassMutual’s variable annuity contracts for which the Funds are underlying investment options.

 

This compensation may take the form of:

 

·  

Payments to administrative service providers that provide enrollment, recordkeeping and other services to pension plans;

 

·  

Cash and non-cash benefits, such as bonuses and allowances or prizes and awards, for certain brokers, administrative service providers and MassMutual insurance agents;

 

·  

Payments to intermediaries for, among other things, training of sales personnel, conference support, marketing or other services provided to promote awareness of MassMutual’s products;

 

·  

Payments to broker-dealers and other intermediaries that enter into agreements providing the Distributor with access to representatives of those firms or with other marketing or administrative services; and

 

·  

Payments under agreements with MassMutual not directly related to the sale of specific variable annuity contracts or the Funds, such as educational seminars and training or pricing services.

 

These compensation arrangements are not offered to all intermediaries and the terms of the arrangements may differ among intermediaries. These arrangements may provide an intermediary with an incentive to recommend one mutual fund over another, one share class over another, or one insurance or annuity contract over another. You may want to take these compensation arrangements into account when evaluating any recommendations regarding the Funds or any contract using the Funds as investment options. You may contact your intermediary to find out more information about the compensation they may receive in connection with your investment.

 

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Investing In The Funds

 

Buying, Redeeming and Exchanging Shares

 

The Funds sell their shares at a price equal to their net asset value (“NAV”) plus any initial sales charge that applies. The Funds generally determine their NAV at the market close (usually 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) every day the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) is open (“Business Day”). Your purchase order will be priced at the next NAV calculated after the order is received in good form by the transfer agent, MassMutual or another intermediary authorized for this purpose. The Funds will suspend selling their shares during any period when the determination of NAV is suspended. The Funds can reject any purchase order and can suspend purchases if it is in their best interest.

 

The Funds redeem their shares at their next NAV computed after your redemption request is received and accepted by the transfer agent, MassMutual or another intermediary. You will usually receive payment for your shares within 7 days after your redemption request is received in good form. If, however, you request redemption of shares recently purchased by check, you may not receive payment until the check has been collected, which may take up to 15 days from time of purchase. The Funds can also suspend or postpone payment, when permitted by applicable law and regulations.

 

You can exchange shares of one Fund for the same class of shares of another Fund. An exchange is treated as a sale of shares in one Fund and a purchase of shares in another Fund at the NAV next determined after the exchange request is received and accepted by the transfer agent, MassMutual or another intermediary. The Funds have been informed by MassMutual’s Retirement Services division, which serves as a Recordkeeper for MassMutual’s retirement plan customers, that it intends to implement a new excessive trading monitoring policy that will affect all investment options, including the Funds, available to MassMutual’s retirement plan customers. Plan participants will be prohibited from transferring into most mutual funds and similar investment options if they have transferred into and out of the same option within the previous 60 days. Certain options will not be subject to this rule. This rule will not prohibit plan participants from transferring out of any option at any time. MassMutual is expected to adopt a similar policy with respect to its IRA customers. Beginning sometime after February 4, 2008, the Trust, including the Funds, is expected to implement a similar policy. Your right to exchange shares is subject to applicable regulatory requirements or contractual obligations. The Funds may limit, restrict or refuse exchange purchases, if, in the opinion of MassMutual:

 

·  

you have engaged in excessive trading;

 

·  

a Fund receives or expects simultaneous orders affecting significant portions of the Fund’s assets;

 

·  

a pattern of exchanges occurs which coincides with a market timing strategy; or

 

·  

the Fund would be unable to invest the funds effectively based on its investment objectives and policies, or if the Fund would be adversely affected.

 

Purchases and exchanges of shares of the Funds should be made for investment purposes only. The Funds do not accommodate excessive trading and/or market timing activity. Excessive trading and/or market timing activity involving the Funds can disrupt the management of the Funds. These disruptions can result in increased expenses and can have an adverse effect on fund performance.

 

MassMutual has adopted policies and procedures to help identify those individuals or entities MassMutual determines may be engaging in excessive trading and/or market timing trading activities. MassMutual monitors trading activity to enforce these procedures. However, those who engage in such activities may employ a variety of techniques to avoid detection. Therefore, despite MassMutual’s efforts to prevent excessive trading and/or market timing trading activities, there can be no assurance that MassMutual will be able to identify all those who trade excessively or employ a market timing strategy and curtail their trading in every instance.

 

The monitoring process involves scrutinizing transactions in fund shares that exceed certain monetary thresholds or numerical limits within a specified period of time. Trading activity identified by either, or a combination, of these factors, or as a result of any other information actually available at the time, will be evaluated to determine whether such activity might constitute excessive trading and/or market timing activity. When trading activity is determined by a Fund or MassMutual, in their sole

 

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discretion, to be excessive in nature, certain account-related privileges, such as the ability to place purchase, redemption and exchange orders over the internet, may be suspended for such account.

 

The Funds reserve the right to modify or terminate the exchange privilege as described above on 60 days written notice.

 

The Funds do not accept purchase, redemption or exchange orders or compute their NAVs on days when the NYSE is closed. This includes: weekends, Good Friday and all federal holidays other than Columbus Day and Veterans Day. Certain foreign markets may be open on days when the Funds do not accept orders or price their shares. As a result, the NAV of a Fund’s shares may change on days when you will not be able to buy or sell shares.

 

Initial Sales Charges

 

Class A shares are sold at their offering price, which is normally NAV plus an initial sales charge. However, in some cases, as described below, purchases are not subject to an initial sales charge, and the offering price will be the NAV. In other cases, reduced sales charges may be available, as described below. Out of the amount you invest, the Fund receives the net asset value to invest for your account.

 

The sales charge varies depending on the amount of your purchase. A portion of the sales charge may be retained by the Distributor or allocated to your dealer as a concession. The Distributor reserves the right to reallow the entire sales charge as a concession to dealers. The current sales charge rates and concessions paid to dealers and brokers are as follows:

 

Front-End Sales Charge (As a Percentage of Offering Price) /
Front-End Sales Charge (As a Percentage of Net Amount
Invested)/Concession (As a Percentage of Offering Price) for
Different Purchase Amounts:
Price
Breakpoints
   General
Equity
   General
Taxable
Bond
  

Shorter-
Term

Bond

Less than
$25,000

   5.75%/

6.10%/


4.75%

   4.75%/

4.99%/


4.00%

   3.50%/

3.63%/


3.00%

$25,000-
$49,999

   5.50%/

5.82%/


4.75%

   4.75%/

4.99%/


4.00%

   3.50%/

3.63%/


3.00%

$50,000-
$99,999

   4.75%/

4.99%/


4.00%

   4.50%/

4.71%/


3.75%

   3.50%/

3.63%/


3.00%

Price
Breakpoints
   General
Equity
   General
Taxable
Bond
  

Shorter-
Term

Bond

$100,000-
$249,999

   3.75%/

3.90%/


3.00%

   3.50%/

3.63%/


2.75%

   3.00%/

3.09%/


2.50%

$250,000-
$499,999

   2.50%/

2.56%/


2.00%

   2.00%/

2.04%/


2.25%

   2.50%/

2.56%/


2.00%

$500,000-
$999,999

   2.00%/

2.04%/


1.60%

   2.00%/

2.04%/


1.60%

   2.00%/

2.04%/


1.50%

$1,000,000
or more

   None/

None/


1.00%

   None/

None/


1.00%

   None/

None/


.50%

 

A reduced sales charge may be obtained for Class A shares under the Funds’ “Rights of Accumulation” because of the economies of sales efforts and reduction in expenses realized by the Distributor, dealers and brokers making such sales.

 

To qualify for the lower sales charge rates that apply to larger purchases of Class A shares, you can add together:

 

·  

Current purchases of Class A shares of more than one Fund subject to an initial sales charge to reduce the sales charge rate that applies to current purchases of Class A shares; and

 

·  

Class A shares of Funds you previously purchased subject to an initial or contingent deferred sales charge to reduce the sales charge rate for current purchases of Class A shares, provided that you still hold your investment in the previously purchased Funds.

 

The Distributor will add the value, at current offering price, of the Class A shares you previously purchased and currently own to the value of current purchases to determine the sales charge rate that applies. The reduced sales charge will apply only to current purchases. You must request the reduced sales charge when you buy Class A shares and inform your broker-dealer or other financial intermediary of Class A shares of any other Funds that you own. Information regarding reduced sales charges can be found on the MassMutual website at http://www.massmutual.com/retire.

 

There is an initial sales charge on the purchase of Class A shares of each of the MassMutual Select Funds.

 

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Contingent Deferred Sales Charges

 

There is no initial sales charge on purchases of Class A shares of any one or more of the Funds aggregating $1 million or more. The Distributor pays dealers of record concessions in an amount equal to 1.0%, or .50% of purchases of $1 million or more, as shown in the above table. The concession will not be paid on purchases of shares by exchange or that were previously subject to a front-end sales charge and dealer concession.

 

If you redeem any of those shares within a holding period of 18 months from the date of their purchase, a contingent deferred sales charge of 1.0% will be deducted from the redemption proceeds (unless you are eligible for a waiver of that sales charge based on the categories listed below and you advise the transfer agent, MassMutual or another intermediary of your eligibility for the waiver when you place your redemption request).

 

If Class N shares are redeemed within a holding period of 18 months from the date of their purchase, a contingent deferred sales charge of 1.0% will be deducted from the redemption proceeds (unless you are eligible for a waiver of that sales charge based on the categories listed below and you advise the transfer agent, MassMutual or another intermediary of your eligibility for the waiver when you place your redemption request). The Class N contingent deferred sales charge is paid to compensate the Distributor for its expenses of providing distribution-related services to the Funds in connection with the sale of Class N shares.

 

All contingent deferred sales charges will be based on the lesser of the NAV of the redeemed shares at the time of redemption or the original net asset value. A contingent deferred sales charge is not imposed on:

 

·  

the amount of your account value represented by an increase in net asset value over the initial purchase price,

 

·  

shares purchased by the reinvestment of dividends or capital gains distributions, or

 

·  

shares redeemed in the special circumstances described below.

 

To determine whether a contingent deferred sales charge applies to a redemption, the Fund redeems shares in the following order:

 

1. shares acquired by reinvestment of dividends and capital gains distributions, and

 

2. shares held the longest.

 

Contingent deferred sales charges are not charged when you exchange shares of the Fund for shares of any other Fund. However, if you exchange them within the applicable contingent deferred sales charge holding period, the holding period will carry over to the Fund whose shares you acquire. Similarly, if you acquire shares of a Fund by exchanging shares of another Fund that are still subject to a contingent deferred sales charge holding period, that holding period will carry over to the acquired Fund.

 

Waivers of Class A Initial Sales Charges

 

The Class A sales charges will be waived for shares purchased in the following types of transactions:

 

·  

Purchases into insurance company separate investment accounts.

 

·  

Purchases into Retirement Plans or other employee benefit plans.

 

·  

Purchases of Class A shares aggregating $1 million or more of any one or more of the Funds.

 

·  

Purchases into accounts for which the broker-dealer of record has entered into a special agreement with the Distributor allowing this waiver.

 

·  

Purchases into accounts for which no sales concession is paid to any broker-dealer or other financial intermediary at the time of sale.

 

·  

Shares sold to MassMutual or its affiliates.

 

·  

Shares sold to registered management investment companies or separate accounts of insurance companies having an agreement with MassMutual or the Distributor for that purpose.

 

·  

Shares issued in plans of reorganization to which the Fund is a party.

 

·

 

Shares sold to present or former officers, directors, trustees or employees (and their “immediate families1”) of the Fund, MassMutual and its affiliates.

 

·  

Shares sold to a portfolio manager of the Fund.

 


1

The term “immediate family” refers to one’s spouse, children, grandchildren, grandparents, parents, parents-in-law, brothers and sisters, sons- and daughters-in-law, a sibling’s spouse, a spouse’s siblings, aunts, uncles, nieces and nephews; relatives by virtue of a remarriage (step-children, step-parents, etc.) are included.

 

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Waivers of Class A and Class N Contingent Deferred Sales Charges

 

The Class A and Class N contingent deferred sales charges will not be applied to shares purchased in certain types of transactions or redeemed in certain circumstances described below.

 

A.   Waivers for Redemptions in Certain Cases.

 

The Class A and Class N contingent deferred sales charges will be waived for redemptions of shares in the following cases:

 

·  

Redemptions from insurance company separate investment accounts.

 

·  

Redemptions from Retirement Plans or other employee benefit plans.

 

·  

Redemptions from accounts other than Retirement Plans following the death or disability of the last surviving shareholder, including a trustee of a grantor trust or revocable living trust for which the trustee is also the sole beneficiary. The death or disability must have occurred after the account was established, and for disability you must provide evidence of a determination of disability by the Social Security Administration.

 

·  

Redemptions from accounts for which the broker-dealer of record has entered into a special agreement with the Distributor allowing this waiver.

 

·  

Redemptions from accounts for which no sales concession was paid to any broker-dealer or other financial intermediary at the time of sale.

 

·  

Redemptions of Class A and Class N shares under an Automatic Withdrawal Plan from an account other than a Retirement Plan if the aggregate value of the redeemed shares does not exceed 10% of the account’s value annually.

 

·  

In the case of an IRA, to make distributions required under a divorce or separation agreement described in Section 71(b) of the Internal Revenue Code.

 

B.   Waivers for Shares Sold or Issued in Certain Transactions.

 

The contingent deferred sales charge is also waived on Class A and Class N shares sold or issued in the following cases:

 

·  

Shares sold to MassMutual or its affiliates.

 

·  

Shares sold to registered management investment companies or separate accounts of insurance companies having an agreement with MassMutual or the Distributor for that purpose.

 

·  

Shares issued in plans of reorganization to which the Fund is a party.

 

·

 

Shares sold to present or former officers, directors, trustees or employees (and their “immediate families1”) of the Fund, MassMutual and its affiliates.

 

·  

Shares sold to a present or former portfolio manager of the Fund.

 

Determining Net Asset Value

 

The Trust calculates the NAV of each class of shares of each Fund separately. The NAV for shares of a class of a Fund is determined by adding the current value of all of the Fund’s assets attributable to that class, subtracting the liabilities attributable to that class and then dividing the resulting number by the total outstanding shares of the class. The assets of the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund consist primarily of shares of the Underlying Funds, which are valued at their respective NAVs.

 

Each Fund’s assets are valued based on market value of the Fund’s total portfolio. Securities are typically valued on the basis of valuations furnished by a pricing service. However, valuation methods approved by the Fund’s Board of Trustees which are intended to reflect fair value may be used by the Trust’s Investment Pricing Committee when pricing service information is not readily available or when a security’s value is believed to have been materially affected by a significant event, such as a natural disaster, an economic event like a bankruptcy filing, or a substantial fluctuation in domestic or foreign markets, that has occurred after the close of the exchange or market on which the security is principally traded (for example, a foreign exchange or market). In such a case, a Fund’s value for a security is likely to be different from the last quoted market price or pricing service information. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, it is possible that the value determined for a particular asset may be materially different from the value realized upon such asset’s sale.

 

The Funds’ valuation methods are more fully described in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

–  24  –


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How to Invest

 

When you buy shares of a Fund through an agreement with MassMutual, your agreement will describe how you need to submit buy, sell and exchange orders. Purchase orders must be accompanied by sufficient funds. You can pay by check or Federal Funds wire transfer. You must submit any buy, sell or exchange orders in “good form” as described in your agreement.

 

Taxation and Distributions

 

Each Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M

of the Internal Revenue Code. As a regulated investment company, a Fund will not be subject to Federal income taxes on its ordinary income and net realized capital gain distributed to its shareholders. However, the Fund’s failure to qualify as a regulated investment company would result in corporate level taxation, and consequently, a reduction in income available for distribution to shareholders. In general, a Fund that fails to distribute at least 98% of such income and gain in the one-year period ending October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted to elect and so elects) in which earned will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the undistributed amount. Many investors, including most tax qualified plan investors, may be eligible for preferential Federal income tax treatment on distributions received from a Fund and dispositions of Fund shares. This Prospectus does not attempt to describe in any respect such preferential tax treatment. Any prospective investor that is a trust or other entity eligible for special tax treatment under the Code that is considering purchasing shares of a Fund, including either directly or indirectly through a life insurance company separate investment account, should consult its tax advisers about the Federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences particular to it, as should persons considering whether to have amounts held for their benefit by such trusts or other entities investing in shares of a Fund.

 

Investors are generally subject to Federal income taxes on distributions received in respect of their shares. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than by how long the shareholder held the shares. Distributions of a Fund’s ordinary income and short-term capital gains (i.e. gains from capital assets held for one year or less) are taxable to the shareholder as ordinary income whether received in cash or additional shares. Certain designated dividends may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders. Designated capital gain dividends (relating to gains from capital assets held by a Fund for more than one year) are taxable as long-term capital gains in the hands of the investor whether distributed in cash or additional shares. For taxable years beginning on or before December 31, 2010, distributions of investment income designated by a Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed in the hands of individuals at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level. Fixed income funds generally do not expect a significant portion of their distributions to be derived from qualified dividend income. Long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals have been temporarily reduced, in general, to 15% with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate brackets for taxable years beginning on or before December 31, 2010.

 

The nature of each Fund’s distributions will be affected by its investment strategies. A Fund whose investment return consists largely of interest, dividends and capital gains from short-term holdings will distribute largely ordinary income. A Fund whose return comes largely from the sale of long-term holdings will distribute largely capital gain dividends. Distributions are taxable to a shareholder even though they are paid from income or gains earned by a Fund prior to the shareholder’s investment and thus were included in the NAV paid by the shareholder.

 

Each Fund intends to pay out as dividends substantially all of its net investment income (which comes from dividends and any interest it receives from its investments). Each Fund also intends to distribute substantially all of its net realized long- and short-term capital gains, if any, after giving effect to any available capital loss carryovers. For each Fund distributions, if any, are declared and paid at least annually. Distributions may be taken either in cash or in additional shares of the respective Fund at the Fund’s net asset value on the first business day after the record date for the distribution, at the option of the shareholder.

 

Any gain resulting from the exchange or redemption of an investor’s shares in a Fund will generally be subject to tax. A loss incurred with respect to shares of a Fund held for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of long-term capital gains dividends with respect to such shares.

 

–  25  –


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A Fund’s investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes. In that case, such Fund’s yield on those securities would be decreased. Shareholders of the Funds generally will not be entitled to claim a credit or deduction with respect to foreign taxes.

 

In addition, a Fund’s investments in foreign securities (including fixed income securities and derivatives) or foreign currencies may increase or accelerate the Fund’s recognition of ordinary income and may affect the timing, amount, or character of the Fund’s distributions.

 

Under current law, dividends (other than capital gain dividends) paid by a Fund to a person who is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code (a “foreign person”) are generally subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate). However, effective for taxable years of a Fund beginning before January 1, 2008, a Fund is not required to withhold any amounts with respect to (i) distributions of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses, and (ii) distributions of U.S.-source interest income that would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by a foreign person, in each case to the extent that the Fund properly designates such distributions.

 

The discussion above is very general. Shareholders should consult their tax adviser for more information about the effect that an investment in a Fund could have on their own tax situation, including possible state, local and foreign taxes. Also, this discussion does not apply to Fund shares held through tax-exempt retirement plans.

 

–  26  –


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Investment Performance

 

Similar account performance for the sub-advisers is provided solely to illustrate that sub-adviser’s performance in managing portfolios with investment objectives, policies and investment strategies substantially similar to the portion of the Diversified Growth Fund managed by the sub-adviser. The Diversified Growth Fund’s performance would have differed due to factors such as differences in cash flows into and out of the Fund, differences in fees and expenses, and differences in portfolio size and investments. Similar account performance is not indicative of future rates of return. Prior performance of the sub-advisers is no indication of future performance of the Diversified Growth Fund. In addition, for all of the sub-advisers, as applicable, the private account portfolios are not registered with the SEC and therefore are not subject to the limitations, diversification requirements and other restrictions to which the Diversified Growth Fund, as a registered mutual fund, is subject. The performance of the private accounts may have been adversely affected if they had been registered with the SEC.


 

The following chart summarizes the composite performance of each sub-adviser’s investment results for all accounts with investment objectives similar to that of the Diversified Growth Fund. Each sub-adviser’s similar account performance has been adjusted to reflect the fees and expenses of the Diversified Growth Fund’s share classes.

 

Sub-Adviser/Fund   Share
Class
 

1 Year Return (%)

as of 12/31/06

   

3 Year Return (%)

as of 12/31/06

   

5 Year Return (%)

as of 12/31/06

   

10 Year Return (%)

as of 12/31/06

 

T. Rowe Price/

  S     9.76 %   8.34 %   4.58 %   7.54 %

Diversified Growth Fund

  Y     9.71 %   8.29 %   4.53 %   7.49 %
  L     9.56 %   8.14 %   4.38 %   7.34 %
  A     3.02 %   5.78 %   2.90 %   6.45 %
  N     8.01 %   7.59 %   3.82 %   6.78 %

Wellington Management/

  S     9.10 %   7.48 %   2.20 %   N/A  

Diversified Growth Fund

  Y     9.05 %   7.43 %   2.15 %   N/A  
  L     8.90 %   7.28 %   2.00 %   N/A  
  A     2.40 %   4.93 %   0.54 %   N/A  
  N     7.35 %   6.73 %   1.44 %   N/A  

Legg Mason/

  S     1.40 %   4.50 %   11.66 %   11.18 %

Diversified Growth Fund

  Y     1.35 %   4.45 %   11.61 %   11.13 %
  L     1.20 %   4.30 %   11.46 %   10.97 %
  A   - 4.86 %   2.02 %   9.89 %   10.06 %
  N   - 0.35 %   3.75 %   10.90 %   10.41 %

 

–  27  –


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ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT POLICIES

 

AND RISK CONSIDERATIONS

 

The Diversified Growth Fund and the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund, primarily through its investments in the Underlying Funds, may invest in a wide range of investments and engage in various investment-related transactions and practices. These practices are pursuant to non-fundamental policies and therefore may be changed by the Board of Trustees of the Trust without the consent of shareholders. Some of the more significant practices and some associated risks are discussed below. For purposes of the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund, except as otherwise stated, references in this section to “the Funds,” “each Fund” or “a Fund” may relate to the Fund, one or more Underlying Funds, or both.

 

Repurchase Agreements and Reverse Repurchase Agreements

 

Each Fund may engage in repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is a contract pursuant to which a Fund agrees to purchase a security and simultaneously agrees to resell it at an agreed-upon price at a stated time, thereby determining the yield during the Fund’s holding period. A reverse repurchase agreement is a contract pursuant to which a Fund agrees to sell a security and simultaneously agrees to repurchase it at an agreed-upon price at a stated time. The Statement of Additional Information provides a detailed description of repurchase agreements, reverse repurchase agreements and related risks.

 

Securities Lending

 

Each Fund may seek additional income by making loans of portfolio securities of not more than 33% of its total assets taken at current value. Although lending portfolio securities may involve the risk of delay in recovery of the securities loaned or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially, loans will be made only to borrowers deemed by MassMutual and the Funds’ custodian to be in good standing.

 

Under applicable regulatory requirements and securities lending agreements (which are subject to change), the loan collateral received by a Fund when it lends portfolio securities must, on each business day, be at least equal to the value of the loaned securities. Cash collateral received by a Fund will be reinvested by the Fund’s securities lending agent in high quality, short term instruments, including bank obligations, U.S. Government securities, repurchase agreements, money market funds and U.S. dollar denominated corporate instruments with an effective maturity of one-year or less, including variable rate and floating rate securities, insurance company funding agreements and asset-backed securities. All investments of cash collateral by a Fund are for the account and risk of that Fund.

 

Hedging Instruments and Derivatives

 

Each Fund may buy or sell forward contracts and other similar instruments and may engage in foreign currency transactions (collectively referred to as “hedging instruments” or “derivatives”), as more fully discussed in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

The Funds may normally use derivatives:

 

·  

to protect against possible declines in the market value of a Fund’s portfolio resulting from downward trends in the markets (for example, in the debt securities markets generally due to increasing interest rates);

 

·  

to protect a Fund’s unrealized gains or limit its unrealized losses; and

 

·  

to manage a Fund’s exposure to changing securities prices.

 

The Funds may also use derivatives to establish a position in the debt or equity securities markets as a temporary substitute for purchasing or selling particular securities and to manage the effective maturity or duration of fixed income securities in a Fund’s portfolio.

 

(1)

Forward Contracts – Each Fund may purchase or sell securities on a “when issued” or delayed delivery basis or may purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis (“forward contracts”). When such transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed at the time of commitment, but delivery and payment for the securities can take place a month or more after

 

–  28  –


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the commitment date. The securities so purchased or sold are subject to market fluctuations and no interest accrues to the purchaser during this period. While a Fund also may enter into forward contracts with the initial intention of acquiring securities for its portfolio, it may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement if the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser deems it appropriate to do so.

 

(2) Currency Transactions – The Funds may, but will not necessarily, engage in foreign currency transactions with counterparties in order to hedge the value of portfolio holdings denominated in or exposed to particular currencies against fluctuations in relative value.

 

For more information about forward contracts and currency transactions and the extent to which tax considerations may limit a Fund’s use of such instruments, see the Statement of Additional Information.

 

There can be no assurance that the use of hedging instruments and derivatives by a Fund will assist it in achieving its investment objective. Risks inherent in the use of these instruments include the following:

 

·  

the risk that interest rates and securities prices will not move in the direction anticipated;

 

·  

the imperfect correlation between the prices of a forward contract and the price of the securities being hedged; and

 

·  

the Fund’s portfolio manager may not have the skills needed to manage these strategies.

 

As to forward contracts, the risk exists that the counterparty to the transaction will be incapable of meeting or unwilling to meet its commitment, in which case the desired hedging protection may not be obtained and the Fund may be exposed to risk of loss. As to currency transactions, risks exist that purchases and sales of currency and related instruments can be negatively affected by government exchange controls, blockages, and manipulations or exchange restrictions imposed by governments which could result in losses to the Fund if it is unable to deliver or receive currency or funds in settlement of obligations. It also could cause hedges it has entered into to be rendered useless, resulting in full currency exposure as well as incurring transaction costs.

 

Options and Futures Contracts

 

The Funds may engage in options transactions, such as writing covered put and call options on securities and purchasing put and call options on securities. These strategies are designed to increase a Fund’s portfolio return, or to protect the value of the portfolio, by offsetting a decline in portfolio value through the options purchased. Writing options, however, can only constitute a partial hedge, up to the amount of the premium, and due to transaction costs.

 

The Funds may also write covered call and put options and purchase call and put options on stock indexes in order to increase portfolio income or to protect the Fund against declines in the value of portfolio securities. In addition, the Funds may also purchase and write options on foreign currencies to protect against declines in the dollar value of portfolio securities and against increases in the dollar cost of securities to be acquired.

 

The Funds may also enter into stock index futures contracts and foreign currency futures contracts. These transactions are hedging strategies. They are designed to protect a Fund’s current or intended investments from the effects of changes in exchange rates or market declines. They may also be used for other purposes, such as an efficient means of adjusting a Fund’s exposure to certain markets; in an effort to enhance income; and as a cash management tool. A Fund will incur brokerage fees when it purchases and sells futures contracts. Futures contracts entail risk of loss in portfolio value if the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser is incorrect in anticipating the direction of exchange rates or the securities markets.

 

The Funds may also purchase and write options on these futures contracts. This strategy also is intended to protect against declines in the values of portfolio securities or against increases in the costs of securities to be acquired. Like other options, options on futures contracts constitute only a partial hedge up to the amount of the premium, and due to transaction costs.

 

While these strategies will generally be used by a Fund for hedging purposes, there are risks. For example, the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser may incorrectly forecast the direction of exchange rates or of the underlying securities index

 

–  29  –


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or markets. When these transactions are unsuccessful, the Fund may experience losses. When a Fund enters into these transactions to increase portfolio value (i.e., other than for hedging purposes), there is a liquidity risk that no market will arise for resale and the Fund could also experience losses. Options and Futures Contracts strategies and risks are described more fully in the Statement of Additional Information.

 

Foreign Securities

 

Investments in foreign securities offer potential benefits not available from investing solely in securities of domestic issuers, such as the opportunity to invest in foreign issuers that appear to offer growth potential, or to invest in foreign countries with economic policies or business cycles different from those of the United States or foreign stock markets that do not move in a manner parallel to U.S. markets, thereby diversifying risks of fluctuations in portfolio value.

 

Investments in foreign securities, however, entail certain risks, such as: the imposition of dividend or interest withholding or confiscatory taxes; currency blockages or transfer restrictions; expropriation, nationalization, military coups or other adverse political or economic developments; less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges, brokers and listed companies; and the difficulty of enforcing obligations in other countries. Certain markets may require payment for securities before delivery. A Fund’s ability and decision to purchase and sell portfolio securities may be affected by laws or regulations relating to the convertibility of currencies and repatriation of assets. Further, it may be more difficult for a Fund’s agents to keep currently informed about corporate actions which may affect the prices of portfolio securities. Communications between the United States and foreign countries may be less reliable than within the United States, thus increasing the risk of delayed settlements of portfolio transactions or loss of certificates for portfolio securities.

 

Trading

 

A Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser may use trading as a means of managing the portfolios of the Fund in seeking to achieve their investment objectives. Transactions will occur when the investment adviser or sub-adviser believes that the trade, net of transaction costs, will improve interest income or capital appreciation potential, or will lessen capital loss potential. Whether the goals discussed above will be achieved through trading depends on the investment adviser’s or sub-adviser’s ability to evaluate particular securities and anticipate relevant market factors, including interest rate trends and variations from such trends. If such evaluations and expectations prove to be incorrect, a Fund’s income or capital appreciation could fall and its capital losses could increase. In addition, high portfolio turnover in any Fund can result in additional brokerage commissions to be paid by the Fund and can reduce a Fund’s return. It may also result in higher short-term capital gains that are taxable to shareholders.

 

Cash Positions/Temporary Defensive Positions

 

Each Fund may hold cash or cash equivalents to provide for expenses and anticipated redemption payments and so that an orderly investment program may be carried out in accordance with the Fund’s investment policies. In certain market conditions, a Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser may for temporary defensive purposes, invest in investment grade debt securities, government obligations, or money market instruments or cash equivalents. These temporary defensive positions may cause the Fund not to achieve its investment objective. These investments may also give the Fund liquidity and allow it to achieve an investment return during such periods, although the Fund still has the possibility of losing money.

 

Under normal circumstances, the Diversified Growth Fund will comply with its 80% investment requirement. However, the Fund may (but is not required to), from time to time, depart temporarily from its 80% investment requirement to avoid losses in response to adverse market, economic, political or other conditions, as well as other limited, appropriate circumstances, such as, but not limited to, unusually large cash flows or redemptions. Keep in mind that a temporary defensive strategy still has the possibility of losing money and may prevent the Fund from achieving its investment objective.

 

Mortgage-Backed Securities and CMOs

 

The Funds may invest in mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”). These securities represent participation interests in pools of residential mortgage loans made by lenders such as banks and savings and loan associations. The

 

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pools are assembled for sale to investors (such as the Funds) by government agencies and private issuers, which issue or guarantee the securities relating to the pool. Such securities differ from conventional debt securities which generally provide for periodic payment of interest in fixed or determinable amounts (usually semi-annually) with principal payments at maturity or specified call dates. Some mortgage-backed securities in which a Fund may invest may be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury (e.g., direct pass-through certificates of the Government National Mortgage Association); some are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Government (e.g., obligations of the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation); and some are backed by only the credit of the issuer itself (e.g., private issuer securities). Those guarantees do not extend to the value or yield of the mortgage-backed securities themselves or to the NAV of a Fund’s shares. These issuers may also issue derivative mortgage backed securities such as CMOs.

 

The expected yield on mortgage-backed securities is based on the average expected life of the underlying pool of mortgage loans. The actual life of any particular pool will be shortened by any unscheduled or early payments of principal. Principal prepayments generally result from the sale of the underlying property or the refinancing or foreclosure of underlying mortgages. The occurrence of prepayments is affected by a wide range of economic, demographic and social factors and, accordingly, it is not possible to predict accurately the average life of a particular pool. Yield on such pools is usually computed by using the historical record of prepayments for that pool, or, in the case of newly-issued mortgages, the prepayment history of similar pools. The actual prepayment experience of a pool of mortgage loans may cause the yield realized by a Fund to differ from the yield calculated on the basis of the expected average life of the pool.

 

Prepayments tend to increase during periods of falling interest rates, while during periods of rising interest rates prepayments may likely decline. When prevailing interest rates rise, the value of a pass-through security may decrease as do the values of other debt securities, but, when prevailing interest rates decline, the value of a pass-through security is not likely to rise to the extent that the values of other debt securities rise, because of the risk of prepayment. A Fund’s reinvestment of scheduled principal payments and unscheduled prepayments it receives may occur at times when available investments offer higher or lower rates than the original investment, thus affecting the yield of the Fund. Monthly interest payments received by the Fund have a compounding effect which may increase the yield to the Fund more than debt obligations that pay interest semi-annually. Because of these factors, mortgage-backed securities may be less effective than bonds of similar maturity at maintaining yields during periods of declining interest rates. A Fund may purchase mortgage-backed securities at a premium or at a discount. Accelerated prepayments adversely affect yields for pass-through securities purchased at a premium (i.e., at a price in excess of their principal amount) and may involve additional risk of loss of principal because the premium may not have been fully amortized at the time the obligation is repaid. The opposite is true for pass-through securities purchased at a discount.

 

Asset-Backed Securities

 

These securities, issued by trusts and special purpose entities, are backed by pools of assets, such as automobile and credit-card receivables and home equity loans, which pass through the payments on the underlying obligations to the security holders (less servicing fees paid to the originator or fees for any credit enhancement). The value of an asset-backed security is affected by changes in the market’s perception of the asset backing the security, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the loan pool, the originator of the loans and the financial institution providing any credit enhancement. Value is also affected if any credit enhancement has been exhausted. Payments of principal and interest passed through to holders of asset-backed securities are typically supported by some form of credit enhancement, such as a letter of credit, surety bond, limited guarantee by another entity or by having a priority to certain of the borrower’s other assets. The degree of credit enhancement varies, and generally applies to only a fraction of the asset-backed security’s par value until exhausted. If the credit enhancement of an asset-backed security held by a Fund has been exhausted, and, if any required payments of principal and interest are not made with respect to the underlying loans, the Fund may experience losses or delays in receiving payment. The risks of investing in asset-backed securities are ultimately dependent upon payment of consumer loans by the individual borrowers. As a purchaser of an asset-backed security, the Fund would generally have no recourse to the entity that originated the loans in the event of default by a borrower. The

 

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underlying loans are subject to prepayments, which shorten the weighted average life of asset-backed securities and may lower their return, in the same manner as described above for prepayments of a pool of mortgage loans underlying mortgage-backed securities. However, asset-backed securities do not have the benefit of the same security interest in the underlying collateral as do mortgage-backed securities.

 

Dollar Roll Transactions

 

To take advantage of attractive financing opportunities in the mortgage market and to enhance current income, each of the Funds may engage in dollar roll transactions. A dollar roll transaction involves a sale by a Fund of a GNMA certificate or other mortgage backed securities to a financial institution, such as a bank or broker-dealer, concurrent with an agreement by the Fund to repurchase a similar security from the institution at a later date at an agreed upon price. The securities that are repurchased will bear the same interest rate as those sold, but generally will be collateralized by different pools of mortgages with different prepayment histories than those sold. Dollar roll transactions involve potential risks of loss which are different from those related to the securities underlying the transaction. The Statement of Additional Information gives a more detailed description of dollar roll transactions and related risks.

 

Lower Rated Debt Securities

 

While the Funds may invest in investment grade debt securities that are rated in the fourth highest rating category by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating organization (e.g., Baa3 by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.) or, if unrated, are judged by the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser to be of equivalent quality, such securities have speculative characteristics, are subject to greater credit risk, and may be subject to greater market risk than higher rated investment grade securities.

 

When Issued Securities

 

The Funds may purchase securities on a “when-issued” or on a “forward delivery” basis, which means securities will be delivered to the Fund at a future date beyond the settlement date. A Fund will not have to pay for securities until they are delivered. While waiting for delivery of the securities, the Fund will segregate sufficient liquid assets to cover its commitments. Although the Funds do not intend to make such purchases for speculative purposes, there are risks related to liquidity and market fluctuations prior to the Fund taking delivery.

 

Net Assets

 

For purposes of clarifying the term as used in this Prospectus, “Net Assets” includes any borrowings for investment purposes.

 

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MASSMUTUAL SELECT FUNDS

1295 State Street

Springfield, Massachusetts 01111

 

Learning More About the Funds

 

You can learn more about the Funds by reading the Funds’ Annual and Semiannual Reports when they become available and the Statement of Additional Information (SAI). This information is available free upon request. In the Annual and Semiannual Reports, you will find a discussion of market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each Fund’s performance during the period covered by the Report and a listing of each Fund’s portfolio securities as of the end of such period. The SAI provides additional information about the Funds and will provide you with more detail regarding the organization and operation of the Funds, including their investment strategies. The SAI is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus and is therefore legally considered a part of this Prospectus.

 

How to Obtain Information

 

From MassMutual Select Funds:  You may request information about the Funds (including the Annual/Semiannual Reports and the SAI) or make shareholder inquiries by calling 1-888-309-3539 or by writing MassMutual Select Funds c/o Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0111, Attention: Retirement Services Marketing. You may also obtain copies of the Annual/Semiannual Reports and the SAI free of charge at http://www.massmutual.com/retire.

From the SEC:  You may review and copy information about the Funds (including the SAI) at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. (call 1-202-942-8090 for information regarding the operation of the SEC’s public reference room). You can get copies of this information, upon payment of a copying fee, by writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102 or by electronic request at publicinfo@sec.gov. Alternatively, if you have access to the Internet, you may obtain information about the Funds from the SEC’s EDGAR database on its Internet site at http://www.sec.gov.

 

When obtaining information about the Funds from the SEC, you may find it useful to reference the Funds’ SEC file number: 811-8274.

 

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MASSMUTUAL SELECT FUNDS

1295 State Street

Springfield, Massachusetts 01111

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

THIS STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (“SAI”) IS NOT A PROSPECTUS. IT SHOULD BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PROSPECTUS OF MASSMUTUAL SELECT FUNDS (THE “TRUST”) DATED DECEMBER 17, 2007, AS AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME (THE “PROSPECTUS”). TO OBTAIN A PROSPECTUS, CALL TOLL-FREE 1-888-309-3539, OR WRITE THE TRUST AT THE ABOVE ADDRESS.

 

This SAI relates to the following Funds:

 

   

MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund

 

   

MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund

 

No dealer, salesman or any other person has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations, other than those contained in this SAI or in the related Prospectus, in connection with the offer contained herein, and, if given or made, such other information or representation must not be relied upon as having been authorized by the Trust or MML Distributors, LLC (the “Distributor”). This SAI and the related Prospectus do not constitute an offer by the Trust or by the Distributor to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy any of the securities offered hereby in any jurisdiction to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer in such jurisdiction.

 

Dated December 17, 2007

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page

GENERAL INFORMATION

   B-3

ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT POLICIES

   B-3

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

   B-24

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS OF THE FUNDS

   B-25

MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST

   B-27

COMPENSATION

   B-34

INVESTMENT ADVISER AND SUB-ADVISERS

   B-35

ADMINISTRATOR AND SUB-ADMINISTRATOR

   B-37

THE DISTRIBUTOR

   B-38

CLASS A AND CLASS N DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE PLANS

   B-38

CUSTODIAN, DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT AND TRANSFER AGENT

   B-39

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

   B-39

CODES OF ETHICS

   B-39

PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

   B-40

SHAREHOLDER INVESTMENT ACCOUNT

   B-41

DESCRIPTION OF SHARES

   B-41

REDEMPTION OF SHARES

   B-41

VALUATION OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES

   B-42

TAXATION

   B-43

EXPERTS

   B-49

GLOSSARY

   B-49

APPENDIX A—DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS

   B-51

APPENDIX B—PROXY VOTING POLICIES

   B-55

APPENDIX C—ADDITIONAL PORTFOLIO MANAGER INFORMATION

   B-75

 

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GENERAL INFORMATION

 

MassMutual Select Funds (the “Trust”) is a professionally managed, open-end investment company. This SAI describes the following two separate series of the Trust: (1) MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund (“Diversified Growth Fund”) and (2) MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund (“Destination Retirement 2050 Fund”) (each individually referred to as a “Fund” or collectively as the “Funds”). Currently, the Trustees have authorized a total of thirty-four separate series. Additional series may be created by the Trustees from time-to-time.

 

The Trust is organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts as a Massachusetts business trust pursuant to an Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated May 28, 1993, as amended from time to time (the “Declaration of Trust”). The investment adviser for each of the Funds is Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (“MassMutual”). The sub-advisers for the Diversified Growth Fund are Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc. (“Legg Mason”), located at 100 Light Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (“T. Rowe Price”), located at 100 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202, and Wellington Management Company, LLP (“Wellington Management”), located at 75 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109.

 

ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT POLICIES

 

Each Fund has a distinct investment objective which it pursues through separate investment policies, as described in the Prospectus and below. The investment objective, fundamental investment policies and fundamental investment restrictions of a Fund may not be changed without the vote of a majority of that Fund’s outstanding shares (which, under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and the rules thereunder and as used in this Statement of Additional Information and in the Prospectus, means the lesser of (l) 67% of the shares of that Fund present at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of that Fund are present in person or by proxy, or (2) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of that Fund). The Board of Trustees of the Trust may adopt new or amend or delete existing non-fundamental investment policies and restrictions without shareholder approval. There is no guarantee that any Fund will achieve its investment objective.

 

The following discussion elaborates on the presentation of each Fund’s investment policies contained in the Prospectus. Investment policies and restrictions described below are non-fundamental and may be changed by the Trustees without shareholder approval, unless otherwise noted. For a description of the ratings of corporate debt securities and money market instruments in which the Funds may invest, reference should be made to the Appendix.

 

The Destination Retirement 2050 Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a combination of equity, fixed income and money market funds advised by MassMutual or a control affiliate of MassMutual (“Underlying Funds”)1 using an asset allocation strategy designed for investors expecting to retire around the year 2050. In managing their portfolios of investments, the Underlying Funds may purchase various securities, investment related instruments and make use of various investment techniques, including, but not limited to, those described below. For purposes of the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund, except as otherwise stated, references on the following pages to “the Funds,” “each Fund” or “a Fund” may relate to the Fund, one or more Underlying Funds, or both.

 


(1)

Underlying Funds can include MassMutual Select Funds, MassMutual Premier Funds and Oppenheimer Funds, which are advised by OppenheimerFunds, Inc. (“OFI”). OFI is a majority owned, indirect subsidiary of MassMutual.

 

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Fixed Income Securities

 

Certain of the debt securities in which the Funds may invest may not offer as high a yield as may be achieved from lower quality instruments having less safety. If a Fund disposes of an obligation prior to maturity, it may realize a loss or a gain. An increase in interest rates will generally reduce the value of portfolio investments, and a decline in interest rates will generally increase the value of portfolio investments. In addition, investments are subject to the ability of the issuer to make payment at maturity.

 

The Funds may invest to a limited extent in debt securities that are rated below investment grade or, if unrated, are considered by the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser to be of comparable quality. Lower-grade debt securities, which also are known as “junk bonds,” may be subject to greater market fluctuations and greater risks of loss of income and principal than investment-grade securities. Securities that are (or have fallen) below investment grade are exposed to a greater risk that the issuers of those securities might not meet their debt obligations. These risks can reduce the Fund’s share prices and the income it earns.

 

As discussed, a decline in prevailing levels of interest rates generally increases the value of debt securities in a Fund’s portfolio, while an increase in rates usually reduces the value of those securities. As a result, to the extent that a Fund invests in debt securities, interest rate fluctuations will affect its net asset value, but not the income it receives from its debt securities. In addition, if the debt securities contain call, prepayment or redemption provisions, during a period of declining interest rates, those securities are likely to be redeemed, and a Fund would probably be unable to replace them with securities having as great a yield.

 

Investment in medium- or lower-grade debt securities involves greater investment risk, including the possibility of issuer default or bankruptcy. An economic downturn could severely disrupt this market and adversely affect the value of outstanding bonds and the ability of the issuers to repay principal and interest. In addition, lower-quality bonds are less sensitive to interest rate changes than higher-quality instruments and generally are more sensitive to adverse economic changes or individual corporate developments. During a period of adverse economic changes, including a period of rising interest rates, issuers of such bonds may experience difficulty in servicing their principal and interest payment obligations. Furthermore, medium- and lower-grade debt securities tend to be less marketable than higher-quality debt securities because the market for them is less broad. The market for unrated debt securities is even narrower. During periods of thin trading in these markets, the spread between bid and asked prices is likely to increase significantly, and a Fund may have greater difficulty selling its portfolio securities. The market value of these securities and their liquidity may be affected by adverse publicity and investor perceptions.

 

The Funds may invest up to 25% of their total assets in these types of securities.

 

Common and Preferred Stocks

 

Stocks represent shares of ownership in a company. Generally, preferred stock has a specified dividend and ranks after bonds and before common stocks in its claim on income for dividend payments and on assets should the company be liquidated. After other claims are satisfied, common stockholders participate in company profits on a pro-rata basis. Profits may be paid out in dividends or reinvested in the company to help it grow. Increases and decreases in earnings are usually reflected in a company’s stock price, so common stocks generally have the greatest appreciation and depreciation potential of all corporate securities. While most preferred stocks pay a dividend, preferred stocks may be purchased where the issuer has omitted, or is in the danger of omitting, payment of its dividend. Such investments would be made primarily for their capital appreciation.

 

Warrants and Rights

 

A warrant typically gives the holder the right to purchase underlying stock at a specified price for a designated period of time. Warrants may be relatively volatile investments. The holder of a warrant takes the risk

 

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that the market price of the underlying stock may never equal or exceed the exercise price of the warrant. A warrant will expire without value if it is not exercised or sold during its exercise period. Rights are similar to warrants, but normally have a short duration and are distributed directly by the issuer to its shareholders. Warrants and rights have no voting rights, receive no dividends, and have no rights to the assets of the issuer.

 

Real Estate Investment Trusts

 

Real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) that may be purchased by a Fund include equity REITs, which own real estate directly, mortgage REITs, which make construction, development or long-term mortgage loans, and hybrid REITs, which share characteristics of equity REITs and mortgage REITs. Equity REITs will be affected by, among other things, changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the REITs, while mortgage REITs will be affected by, among other things, the value of the properties to which they have extended credit.

 

Factors affecting the performance of real estate may include excess supply of real property in certain markets, changes in zoning laws, completion of construction, changes in real estate value and property taxes, sufficient level of occupancy, adequate rent to cover operating expenses, and local and regional markets for competing assets. The performance of real estate may also be affected by changes in interest rates, prudent management of insurance risks and social and economic trends. In addition, REITs are dependent upon the skill of each REIT’s management.

 

A Fund could, under certain circumstances, own real estate directly as a result of a default on debt securities it owns or from an in-kind distribution of real estate from a REIT. Risks associated with such ownership could include potential liabilities under environmental laws and the costs of other regulatory compliance. If a Fund has rental income or income from the direct disposition of real property, the receipt of such income may adversely affect its ability to retain its tax status as a regulated investment company and thus its ability to avoid taxation on its income and gains distributed to its shareholders. REITs are also subject to substantial cash flow dependency, defaults by borrowers, self-liquidation and the risk of failing to qualify for tax-free pass-through of income under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and the regulations thereunder (the “Code”), and/or to maintain exempt status under the 1940 Act. If a Fund invests in REITs, investors would bear not only a proportionate share of the expenses of that Fund, but also, indirectly, expenses of the REITs.

 

Convertible Securities

 

The Funds may invest in debt or preferred equity securities convertible into, or exchangeable for, equity securities. Traditionally, convertible securities have paid dividends or interest at rates higher than common stocks but lower than nonconvertible securities. They generally participate in the appreciation or depreciation of the underlying stock into which they are convertible, but to a lesser degree. In recent years, convertibles have been developed which combine higher or lower current income with options and other features.

 

Repurchase and Reverse Repurchase Agreements

 

In a repurchase agreement transaction, a Fund acquires a security from, and simultaneously resells it to, an approved vendor (a U.S. commercial bank or the U.S. branch of a foreign bank, or a broker-dealer which has been designated a primary dealer in government securities and which must meet the credit requirements, if any, set by the Trust’s Board of Trustees from time to time) for delivery on an agreed-upon future date. The resale price exceeds the purchase price by an amount that reflects an agreed-upon interest rate effective for the period during which the repurchase agreement is in effect. The majority of these agreements run from day to day, and delivery pursuant to the resale agreement typically will occur within one to five days of the purchase. Repurchase agreements are considered “loans” under the 1940 Act, collateralized by the underlying security. A Fund’s repurchase agreements require that at all times while the repurchase agreement is in effect, the value of the collateral must equal or exceed the repurchase price to fully collateralize the loan. Additionally, the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser will impose creditworthiness requirements to confirm that the vendor is

 

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financially sound and will continuously monitor the collateral’s value. However, if the seller defaults, the Fund could realize a loss on the sale of the underlying security. In addition, if the seller should be involved in bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings, a Fund may incur delays and costs in selling the underlying security or may suffer a loss of principal and interest if the Fund is treated as an unsecured creditor and required to return the underlying securities to the seller’s bankruptcy estate.

 

A reverse repurchase agreement is a contract pursuant to which a Fund agrees to sell a security and simultaneously agrees to repurchase it at an agreed-upon price at a stated time. If a Fund engages in reverse repurchase agreements it will maintain a segregated account with its custodian containing cash or liquid securities, having a current market value at all times in an amount sufficient to repurchase securities pursuant to outstanding reverse repurchase agreements.

 

Dollar Roll Transactions

 

To take advantage of attractive financing opportunities in the mortgage market and to enhance current income, each of the Funds may engage in dollar roll transactions. A dollar roll transaction involves a sale by a Fund of a Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) Certificate or other mortgage-backed securities to a financial institution, such as a bank or broker-dealer, concurrently with an agreement by the Fund to repurchase a similar security from the institution at a later date at an agreed upon price. The securities that are repurchased will bear the same interest rate as those sold, but generally will be collateralized by different pools of mortgages with different prepayment histories than those sold. During the period between the sale and repurchase, the Fund will not be entitled to receive the interest and principal payments on the securities sold. Proceeds of the sale will be invested in additional instruments for the Fund. A Fund is compensated for agreeing to repurchase the security by the difference between the current sales price and the price for the future purchase (often referred to as the “drop”) as well as by the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the initial sale. Dollar rolls may be renewed over a period of several months with a different repurchaser or repurchase price and a cash settlement made at each renewal without physical delivery of securities. Moreover, a Fund may enter into a dollar roll transaction involving a security not then in the Fund’s portfolio.

 

A Fund will segregate cash or other liquid securities in an amount sufficient to meet its obligations under dollar roll transactions or otherwise cover its obligations as permitted by applicable law. Dollar roll transactions involve potential risks of loss which are different from those related to the securities underlying the transaction. For example, if the counterparty were to become insolvent, the Fund’s right to purchase from the counterparty may be restricted. Additionally, the market value of the securities sold by the Fund may decline below the repurchase price of those securities to be purchased.

 

Short-Term Debt Securities

 

Money Market Instruments Generally.    The Funds may invest in money market securities. Money market securities are high-quality, short-term debt instruments that may be issued by the U.S. Government, corporations, banks or other entities. They may have fixed, variable or floating interest rates. Some money market securities in which the Funds may invest are described below.

 

Bank Obligations.    The Funds may invest in bank obligations, including certificates of deposit, time deposits, banker’s acceptances and other short-term obligations of domestic banks, foreign subsidiaries of domestic banks, foreign branches of domestic banks, and domestic and foreign branches of foreign banks, domestic savings and loan associations and other banking institutions.

 

Certificates of deposit (“CD’s”) are negotiable certificates evidencing the obligations of a bank to repay funds deposited with it for a specified period of time. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in a banking institution for a specified period of time at a stated interest rate. Time deposits which may be held by the Funds will not benefit from insurance from the Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Association Insurance Fund administered

 

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by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Bankers’ acceptances are credit instruments evidencing the obligation of a bank to pay a draft drawn on it by a customer. These instruments reflect the obligation both of the bank and the drawer to pay the face amount of the instrument upon maturity. The other short-term obligations may include uninsured, direct obligations, bearing fixed, floating- or variable-interest rates.

 

Short-Term Instruments and Temporary Investments.    The Funds may invest in high-quality money market instruments on an ongoing basis to provide liquidity when there is an unexpected level of shareholder purchases or redemptions. In addition, in adverse market conditions, the Funds may invest in these short-term instruments for temporary, defensive purposes. The instruments in which the Funds may invest include: (i) short-term obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities (including government-sponsored enterprises); (ii) CDs, bankers’ acceptances, fixed time deposits and other obligations of domestic banks (including foreign branches) that have more than $1 billion in total assets at the time of investment and that are members of the Federal Reserve System or are examined by the Comptroller of the Currency or whose deposits are insured by the FDIC; (iii) commercial paper rated at the date of purchase “Prime-1” by Moody’s or “A-1+” or “A-1” by S&P, or, if unrated, of comparable quality as determined by the investment advisers or sub-advisers; (iv) non-convertible corporate debt securities (e.g., bonds and debentures) with remaining maturities at the date of purchase of not more than one year that are rated at least “Aa” by Moody’s or “AA” by S&P; (v) repurchase agreements; and (vi) short-term, U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of foreign banks (including U.S. branches) that, at the time of investment have more than $1 billion, or the equivalent in other currencies, in total assets and in the opinion of the relevant investment adviser or sub-adviser are of comparable quality to obligations of U.S. banks which may be purchased by the Funds.

 

Commercial Paper and Short-Term Corporate Debt Instruments.    The Funds may invest in commercial paper (including variable amount master demand notes) consisting of short-term, unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations to finance short-term credit needs. Commercial paper is usually sold on a discount basis and has a maturity at the time of issuance not exceeding nine months. Variable amount master demand notes are demand obligations that permit the investment of fluctuating amounts at varying market rates of interest pursuant to arrangements between the issuer and a commercial bank acting as agent for the payee of such notes whereby both parties have the right to vary the amount of the outstanding indebtedness on the notes. The investment advisers or sub-advisers monitor on an ongoing basis the ability of an issuer of a demand instrument to pay principal and interest on demand. The Funds also may invest in non-convertible corporate debt securities (e.g., bonds and debentures) with not more than one year remaining to maturity at the date of settlement.

 

The Funds may also invest in obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S., local, city and state governments and agencies.

 

The Funds will limit their investments in certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances to U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of U.S. banks and savings and loan associations, London branches of U.S. banks (“Eurodollar obligations”) and U.S. branches of foreign banks (“Yankeedollar obligations”). In the case of foreign banks, the $1 billion deposit requirement will be computed using exchange rates in effect at the time of the banks’ most recently published financial statements. Eurodollar obligations and Yankeedollar obligations will not be acquired if as a result more than 25% of a Fund’s net assets would be invested in such obligations. Obligations of foreign banks and of foreign branches of U.S. banks may be affected by foreign governmental action, including imposition of currency controls, interest limitations, withholding taxes, seizure of assets or the declaration of a moratorium or restriction on payments of principal or interest. Foreign banks and foreign branches of U.S. banks may provide less public information than, and may not be subject to the same accounting, auditing and financial recordkeeping standards as, domestic banks.

 

Letters of Credit.    Certain of the debt obligations (including municipal securities, certificates of participation, commercial paper and other short-term obligations) which the Funds may purchase may be backed by an unconditional and irrevocable letter of credit of a bank, savings and loan association or insurance company which assumes the obligation for payment of principal and interest in the event of default by the issuer. Only

 

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banks, savings and loan associations and insurance companies which, in the opinion of a Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser, are of comparable quality to issuers of other permitted investments of the Fund may be used for letter of credit-backed investments.

 

Zero-Coupon, Step Coupon and Pay-In-Kind Securities

 

Other debt securities in which the Funds may invest include zero coupon, step coupon and pay-in-kind securities. Zero coupon bonds are issued and traded at a discount from their face value. They do not entitle the holder to any periodic payment of interest prior to maturity. Step coupon bonds trade at a discount from their face value and pay coupon interest. The coupon rate is low for an initial period and then increases to a higher coupon rate thereafter. The discount from the face amount or par value depends on the time remaining until cash payments begin, prevailing interest rates, liquidity of the security and the perceived credit quality of the issue. Pay-in-kind bonds normally give the issuer an option to pay cash at a coupon payment date or give the holder of the security a similar bond with the same coupon rate and a face value equal to the amount of the coupon payment that would have been made.

 

Current federal income tax law requires holders of zero coupon and step coupon securities to report the portion of the original issue discount on such securities that accrues during a given year as interest income, even though holders receive no cash payments of interest during the year. In order to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code, a Fund must distribute its investment company taxable income, including the original issue discount accrued on zero coupon or step coupon bonds. Because a Fund will not receive cash payments on a current basis in respect of accrued original issue discount on zero coupon or step coupon bonds during the period before interest payments begin, in some years that Fund may have to distribute cash obtained from other sources in order to satisfy the distribution requirements under the Code. A Fund might obtain such cash from selling other portfolio holdings which might cause the Fund to incur capital gains or losses on the sale. Additionally, these actions are likely to reduce the assets to which Fund expenses could be allocated and to reduce the rate of return for a Fund. In some circumstances, such sales might be necessary in order to satisfy cash distribution requirements even though investment considerations might otherwise make it undesirable for a Fund to sell the securities at the time.

 

Generally, the market prices of zero coupon, step coupon and pay-in-kind securities are more volatile than the prices of securities that pay interest periodically and in cash and are likely to respond to changes in interest rates to a greater degree than other types of debt securities.

 

Pass-Through Securities

 

The Funds may invest in various types of pass-through securities, such as mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and participation interests. A pass-through security is a share or certificate of interest in a pool of debt obligations that have been repackaged by an intermediary, such as a bank or broker-dealer. The purchaser of a pass-through security receives an undivided interest in the underlying pool of securities. The issuers of the underlying securities make interest and principal payments to the intermediary which are passed through to purchasers, such as the Funds. The most common type of pass-through securities are mortgage-backed securities. GNMA Certificates are mortgage-backed securities that evidence an undivided interest in a pool of mortgage loans. GNMA Certificates differ from bonds in that principal is paid back monthly by the borrowers over the term of the loan rather than returned in a lump sum at maturity. The Funds may purchase modified pass-through GNMA Certificates, which entitle the holder to receive a share of all interest and principal payments paid and owned on the mortgage pool, net of fees paid to the issuer and GNMA, regardless of whether or not the mortgagor actually makes the payment. GNMA Certificates are backed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

 

The Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”) issues two types of mortgage pass-through securities: mortgage participation certificates and guaranteed mortgage certificates. Participation certificates

 

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resemble GNMA Certificates in that the participation certificates represent a pro rata share of all interest and principal payments made and owned on the underlying pool. FHLMC guarantees timely payments of interest on the participation certificates and the full return of principal. Guaranteed mortgage certificates also represent a pro rata interest in a pool of mortgages. However, these instruments pay interest semi-annually and return principal once a year in guaranteed minimum payments. This type of security is guaranteed by FHLMC as to timely payment of principal and interest but is not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

 

The Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) issues guaranteed mortgage pass-through certificates. FNMA Certificates resemble GNMA Certificates in that each FNMA Certificate represents a pro rata share of all interest and principal payments made and owned on the underlying pool. This type of security is guaranteed by the FNMA as to timely payment of principal and interest but is not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

 

Except for guaranteed mortgage certificates, each of the mortgage-backed securities described above is characterized by monthly payments to the holder, reflecting the monthly payments made by the borrowers who received the underlying mortgage loans. The payments to the securities holders, such as the Funds, like the payments on the underlying loans, represent both principal and interest. Although the underlying mortgage loans are for specified periods of time, such as 20 or 30 years, the borrowers can, and typically do, pay them off sooner. Thus, the security holders frequently receive prepayments of principal in addition to the principal that is part of the regular monthly payments. If applicable, a portfolio manager will consider estimated prepayment rates in calculation of the average weighted maturity of a Fund which owns these securities. A borrower is more likely to prepay a mortgage that bears a relatively high rate of interest. This means that in times of declining interest rates, higher yielding mortgage-backed securities held by a Fund might be converted to cash and the Fund will be forced to accept lower interest rates when that cash is used to purchase additional securities in the mortgage-backed securities sector or in other investment sectors. Additionally, prepayments during such periods will limit a Fund’s ability to participate in as large a market gain as may be experienced with a comparable security not subject to prepayment.

 

The Funds may also invest in Collateralized Loan Obligations, Collateralized Debt Obligations and Collateralized Bond Obligations.

 

Asset-backed securities represent interests in pools of consumer loans and are backed by paper or accounts receivables originated by banks, credit card companies or other providers of credit. Generally, the originating bank or credit provider is neither the obligor nor the guarantor of the security, and interest and principal payments ultimately depend upon payment of the underlying loans by individuals.

 

Other Income-Producing Securities

 

Other types of income-producing securities the Funds may purchase, include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

   

Variable and floating rate obligations.    These types of securities have variable or floating rates of interest and, under certain limited circumstances, may have varying principal amounts. These securities pay interest at rates that are adjusted periodically according to a specified formula, usually with reference to some interest rate index or market interest rate. The floating rate tends to decrease the security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates. These types of securities are relatively long-term instruments that often carry demand features permitting the holder to demand payment of principal at any time or at specified intervals prior to maturity.

 

       In order to use these investments most effectively, a Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser must correctly assess probable movements in interest rates. This involves different skills than those used to select most portfolio securities. If the investment adviser or sub-adviser incorrectly forecasts such movements, a Fund could be adversely affected by the use of variable or floating rate obligations.

 

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Standby commitments.    These instruments, which are similar to a put, give a Fund the option to obligate a broker, dealer or bank to repurchase a security held by the Fund at a specified price.

 

   

Tender option bonds.    Tender option bonds are relatively long-term bonds that are coupled with the agreement of a third party, such as a broker, dealer or bank, to grant the holders of such securities the option to tender the securities to the institution at periodic intervals.

 

   

Inverse floaters.    These are debt instruments whose interest bears an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security. Similar to variable and floating rate obligations, effective use of inverse floaters requires skills different from those needed to select most portfolio securities. If movements in interest rates are incorrectly anticipated, a Fund could lose money or the net asset value of its shares could decline by the use of inverse floaters.

 

   

Strip bonds.    Strip bonds are debt securities that are stripped of their interest, usually by a financial intermediary, after the securities are issued. The market value of these securities generally fluctuates more in response to changes in interest rates than interest-paying securities of comparable maturities.

 

Standby commitments, tender option bonds and instruments with demand features are primarily used by the Funds for the purpose of increasing the liquidity of a Fund’s portfolio.

 

Securities Lending

 

Each Fund may seek additional income by making loans of portfolio securities of not more than 33% of its total assets taken at current market value although this amount may change if applicable regulatory requirements change. The risks in lending portfolio securities, as with other extensions of credit, consist of possible delay in recovery of the securities or possible loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. Under applicable regulatory requirements and securities lending agreements (which are subject to change), the loan collateral must, on each business day, be at least equal to the value of the loaned securities and must consist of cash (which may be invested by the Fund in any investment not otherwise prohibited by the Prospectus or this SAI), bank letters of credit or securities of the U.S. Government (or its agencies or instrumentalities), or other cash equivalents in which the Funds are permitted to invest. The borrower pays to the lending Fund an amount equal to any dividends or interest received on the securities lent. The Funds may invest the cash collateral received or may receive a fee from the borrower. All investments of cash collateral by a Fund are for the account and risk of that Fund. Although voting rights or rights to consent with respect to the loaned securities pass to the borrower, each Fund retains the right to call the loans at any time on reasonable notice. The Funds may also call such loans in order to sell the securities involved. The Funds pay various fees in connection with such loans, including shipping fees and reasonable custodian, securities lending agent and placement fees. The terms of a Fund’s loans must also meet certain tests under the Code and must permit the Fund to reacquire loaned securities on five business days’ notice or in time to vote on any important matter.

 

Hedging Instruments And Derivatives

 

Subject to the Fundamental Investment Restrictions described below under “Investment Restrictions of the Funds—Fundamental Investment Restrictions of the Funds” each Fund currently may use the hedging instruments and derivatives discussed below. In the future, each Fund may employ hedging instruments and strategies that are not currently contemplated but which may be developed, to the extent such investment methods are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and are legally permissible.

 

(1)  Forward Contracts—Each Fund may purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis (“forward contracts”). When such transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed at the time of commitment, but delivery and payment for the securities can take place a month or more after the commitment date. The securities so purchased or sold are subject to market fluctuations and no interest accrues to the purchaser during this period. At the time of delivery the securities may be worth more or less than the purchase or sale price. While a Fund also may

 

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enter into forward contracts with the initial intention of acquiring securities for its portfolio, it may dispose of a commitment prior to settlement if the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser deems it appropriate to do so. The Funds may realize short-term gains or losses upon the sale of forward contracts. If a Fund enters into a forward contract, it will establish a segregated account with its custodian consisting of cash or liquid securities, having a current market value equal to or greater than the aggregate amount of that Fund’s commitment under forward contracts (that is, the purchase price of the underlying security on the delivery date). As one of several alternatives to maintaining all or part of the segregated account, a Fund could buy call or put options to “cover” the forward contracts.

 

(2)  Currency Transactions—Each Fund may engage in currency transactions with counterparties in order to convert foreign denominated securities or obligations (or obligations exposed to foreign currency fluctuation) to U.S. dollar-denominated investments. The Funds may also engage in currency transactions to hedge the value of portfolio holdings denominated in or exposed to particular currencies against fluctuations in relative value.

 

Currency transactions include forward currency contracts, exchange listed currency futures, exchange listed and OTC options on currencies, and currency swaps. A forward currency contract involves a privately negotiated obligation to purchase or sell (with delivery generally required) a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. A currency swap is an agreement to exchange cash flows based on the notional difference among two or more currencies and operates similarly to an interest rate swap. A Fund may enter into currency transactions with counterparties which have received (or the guarantors of the obligations of which have received) a credit rating of A-I or P-1 by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group (“S&P”) or Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), respectively, or that have an equivalent rating from a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (“NRSRO”) or (except for OTC currency options) are determined to be of equivalent credit quality by the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser.

 

The Diversified Growth Fund may deal in forward currency contracts and other currency transactions such as futures, options, options on futures, and swaps, but will be limited to hedging involving either specific transactions or portfolio positions. Transaction hedging is entering into a currency transaction with respect to specific assets or liabilities of a Fund, which will generally arise in connection with the purchase or sale of its portfolio securities or the receipt of income therefrom. Position hedging is entering into a currency transaction with respect to portfolio security positions denominated or generally quoted in that currency. For example, if the Fund believes that a foreign currency may suffer a substantial decline against the U.S. dollar, it may enter into a forward sale contract to sell an amount of that foreign currency approximating the value of some or all of the Fund’s portfolio securities denominated in or exposed to such foreign currency. The Fund may also cross-hedge currencies by entering into transactions to purchase or sell one or more currencies that are expected to decline in value relative to other currencies to which the Fund has or in which the Fund expects to have portfolio exposure.

 

To reduce the effect of currency fluctuations on the value of existing or anticipated holdings of portfolio securities, the Funds may also engage in proxy hedging. Proxy hedging is often used when the currency to which the Fund’s portfolio is exposed is difficult to hedge or to hedge against the dollar. Proxy hedging entails entering into a forward contract to sell a currency whose changes in value are generally considered to be linked to a currency or currencies in which some or all of the Fund’s portfolio securities are or are expected to be denominated, and to buy U.S. dollars. Currency hedging involves some of the same risks and considerations as other transactions with similar instruments. Currency transactions can result in losses to the Fund if the currency being hedged fluctuates in value to a degree or in a direction that is not anticipated. Further, there is the risk that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present during the particular time that the Fund is engaging in proxy hedging.

 

(3)  Risks Regarding Hedging Instruments and Derivatives—Some of the general risks associated with hedging and the use of derivatives include: (a) the possible absence of a liquid secondary market for any particular hedging instrument at any time; (b) these instruments can be highly volatile; and (c) the possible need to defer closing out certain positions to avoid adverse tax consequences. More specific risks are set forth below.

 

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(i)  Forward Contracts:    Forward contracts involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date, which risk is in addition to the risk of decline in value of the Funds’ other assets.

 

(ii)  Currency Transactions:    Currency transactions are subject to risks different from those of other portfolio transactions. Because currency control is of great importance to the issuing governments and influences economic planning and policy, purchases and sales of currency and related instruments can be negatively affected by government exchange controls, blockages, and manipulations or exchange restrictions imposed by governments. These can result in losses to a Fund if it is unable to deliver or receive currency or funds in settlement of obligations and could also cause hedges it has entered into to be rendered useless, resulting in full currency exposure as well as incurring transaction costs. Buyers and sellers of currency futures are subject to the same risks that apply to the use of futures generally. Further, settlement of a currency futures contract for the purchase of most currencies must occur at a bank based in the issuing nation. Trading options on currency futures is relatively new, and the ability to establish and close out positions on such options is subject to the maintenance of a liquid market which may not always be available. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate based on factors extrinsic to that country’s economy.

 

Derivatives

 

(1)  Options and Futures Transactions.    While the Funds are permitted to use derivatives, the Diversified Growth Fund is more likely to utilize the following types of “Derivative” instruments, in varying degrees, subject to the Fund’s investment objective. The Funds, may (a) purchase and sell exchange traded and over-the-counter (OTC) put and call options on equity securities, fixed income securities or indexes of interest rates (i.e. Eurodollar options), equity or fixed income securities, (b) purchase and sell futures contracts on fixed income securities or indexes of interest rates, equity or fixed income securities, and (c) purchase and sell put and call options on futures contracts on fixed income securities or indexes of interest rates, equity or fixed income securities. Each of these instruments is a derivative instrument as its value derives from the underlying asset or index.

 

The Funds may purchase put and call options on securities, indexes of securities and futures contracts, or purchase and sell futures contracts, if (i) the aggregate premiums paid on all such options which are held at any time do not exceed 20% of a Fund’s net assets, and (ii) the aggregate margin deposits required on all such futures or options thereon held at any time do not exceed 5% of a Fund’s total assets.

 

The Funds may utilize options and futures contracts for various reasons, including to manage exposure to changing interest rates and/or security prices. Some options and futures strategies, including selling futures contracts and buying puts, tend to hedge a Fund’s investments against price fluctuations. Other strategies, including buying futures contracts, writing puts and calls, and buying calls, tend to increase market exposure. Options and futures contracts may be combined with each other or with forward contracts in order to adjust the risk and return characteristics of a Fund’s overall strategy in a manner deemed appropriate to the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser and consistent with a Fund’s objective and policies. Because combined options positions involve multiple trades, they result in higher transaction costs and may be more difficult to open and close out.

 

The use of options and futures is a highly specialized activity which involves investment strategies and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions, and there can be no guarantee that their use will increase a Fund’s return. While the use of these instruments by a Fund may reduce certain risks associated with owning its portfolio securities, these techniques themselves entail certain other risks. If the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser applies a strategy at an inappropriate time or judges market conditions or trends incorrectly, options and futures strategies may lower a Fund’s return. Certain strategies limit a Fund’s possibilities to realize gains as well as limiting its exposure to losses. A Fund could also experience losses if the prices of its options and futures positions were poorly correlated with its other investments, or if it could not

 

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close out its positions because of an illiquid secondary market. In addition, a Fund will incur transaction costs, including trading commissions and option premiums, in connection with its futures and options transactions, and these transactions could significantly increase a Fund’s turnover rate.

 

(2)  Purchasing Put and Call Options.    The Funds may purchase put and call options. By purchasing a put option, a Fund obtains the right (but not the obligation) to sell the instrument underlying the option at a fixed strike price. In return for this right, a Fund pays the current market price for the option (known as the option premium). Options have various types of underlying instruments, including specific securities, indexes of securities, indexes of securities prices, indexes of interest rates, futures contracts and swap agreements. A Fund may terminate its position in a put option it has purchased by allowing it to expire or by exercising the option. A Fund may also close out a put option position by entering into an offsetting transaction, if a liquid market exists. If the option is allowed to expire, a Fund will lose the entire premium it paid. If a Fund exercises a put option on a security, it will sell the instrument underlying the option at the strike price. If a Fund exercises an option on an index, settlement is in cash and does not involve the actual sale of securities. If an option is American style, it may be exercised on any day up to its expiration date. A European style option may be exercised only on its expiration date.

 

The buyer of a typical put option can expect to realize a gain if the price of the underlying instrument falls substantially. However, if the price of the instrument underlying the option does not fall enough to offset the cost of purchasing the option, a put buyer can expect to suffer a loss (limited to the amount of the premium paid, plus related transaction costs).

 

The features of call options are essentially the same as those of put options, except that the purchaser of a call option obtains the right to purchase, rather than sell, the instrument underlying the option at the option’s strike price. A call buyer typically attempts to participate in potential price increases of the instrument underlying the option with risk limited to the cost of the option if security prices fall. At the same time, the buyer can expect to suffer a loss if security prices do not rise sufficiently to offset the cost of the option.

 

(3)  Selling (Writing) Put and Call Options.    The Funds may also “write” put and call options. When a Fund writes a put option, it takes the opposite side of the transaction from the option’s purchaser. In return for receipt of the premium, a Fund assumes the obligation to pay the strike price for the instrument underlying the option if the other party to the option chooses to exercise it. A Fund may seek to terminate its position in a put option it writes before exercise by purchasing an offsetting option in the market at its current price. If the market is not liquid for a put option a Fund has written, however, a Fund must continue to be prepared to pay the strike price while the option is outstanding, regardless of price changes, and, if applicable, must continue to post margin as discussed below.

 

If the price of the underlying instrument rises, a put writer would generally expect to profit, although its gain would be limited to the amount of the premium it received. If security prices remain the same over time, it is likely that the writer will also profit, because it should be able to close out the option at a lower price. If security prices fall, the put writer would expect to suffer a loss. This loss should be less than the loss from purchasing and holding the underlying instrument directly, however, because the premium received for writing the option should offset a portion of the decline.

 

Writing a call option obligates a Fund to sell or deliver the option’s underlying instrument in return for the strike price upon exercise of the option. The characteristics of writing call options are similar to those of writing put options, except that writing calls generally is a profitable strategy if prices remain the same or fall. Through receipt of the option premium a call writer offsets part of the effect of a price decline. At the same time, because a call writer must be prepared to deliver the underlying instrument in return for the strike price, even if its current value is greater, a call writer gives up some ability to participate in security price increases.

 

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The writer of an exchange traded put or call option on a security, an index of securities or a futures contract is required to deposit cash or securities or a letter of credit as margin and to make mark to market payments of variation margin as the position becomes unprofitable.

 

(4)  Options on Indexes.    The Funds may also purchase options on indexes. Options on securities indexes are similar to options on securities, except that the exercise of securities index options is settled by cash payment and does not involve the actual purchase or sale of securities. In addition, these options are designed to reflect price fluctuations in a group of securities or segment of the securities market rather than price fluctuations in a single security. A Fund, in purchasing or selling index options, is subject to the risk that the value of its portfolio securities may not change as much as an index because a Fund’s investments generally will not match the composition of an index. The Funds may also invest in futures and options on commodity indices.

 

For a number of reasons, a liquid market may not exist and thus a Fund may not be able to close out an option position that it has previously entered into. When a Fund purchases an OTC option, it will be relying on its counterparty to perform its obligations, and a Fund may incur additional losses if the counterparty is unable to perform.

 

(5)  Exchange Traded and OTC Options.    All options purchased or sold by the Funds will be traded on a securities exchange or will be purchased or sold by securities dealers or other parties (OTC options) that meet creditworthiness standards, if any, approved by the Trust’s Board of Trustees. While exchange-traded options are obligations of the Options Clearing Corporation, in the case of OTC options, a Fund relies on the dealer from which it purchased the option to perform if the option is exercised. Thus, when a Fund purchases an OTC option, it relies on the dealer from which it purchased the option to make or take delivery of the underlying securities. Failure by the dealer to do so would result in the loss of the premium paid by a Fund as well as loss of the expected benefit of the transaction. In addition, OTC options are considered illiquid by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

 

(6)  Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts.    The Funds may purchase or sell (write) futures contracts and purchase or sell put and call options on futures contracts. Futures contracts obligate the buyer to take and the seller to make delivery at a future date of a specified quantity of a financial instrument or an amount of cash based on the value of a securities index. Currently, futures contracts are available on, among other things, various types of fixed income securities including, but not limited to, U.S. Treasury bonds, notes and bills, Eurodollar certificates of deposit and on indexes of fixed income securities and indexes of equity securities.

 

The Funds may use futures contracts as a hedge against the effects of interest rate changes.

 

Transactions by the Funds in futures contracts involve certain risks. No assurance can be given that a liquid market will exist for any particular contract at any particular time. Many futures exchanges and boards of trade limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond that limit or trading may be suspended for specified periods during the trading day. Futures contract prices could move to the limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and potentially subjecting the Funds to substantial losses. If it is not possible, or if the Funds determine not to close a futures position in anticipation of adverse price movements, the Funds will be required to make daily cash payments on variation margin.

 

Unlike a futures contract, which requires the parties to buy and sell a security or make a cash settlement payment based on changes in a financial instrument or securities index on an agreed date, an option on a futures contract entitles its holder to decide on or before a future date whether to enter into such a contract. If the holder decides not to exercise its option, the holder may close out the option position by entering into an offsetting transaction or may decide to let the option expire and forfeit the premium thereon. The purchaser of an option on a futures contract pays a premium for the option but makes no initial margin payments or daily payments of cash

 

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in the nature of “variation” margin payments to reflect the change in the value of the underlying contract as does a purchaser or seller of a futures contract.

 

The seller of an option on a futures contract receives the premium paid by the purchaser and may be required to pay initial margin. Amounts equal to the initial margin and any additional collateral required on any options on futures contracts sold by a Fund are paid by a Fund into a segregated account, in the name of the futures commission merchant, as required by the 1940 Act and the SEC interpretations thereunder. The use of futures or options on futures for purposes other than hedging may be regarded as speculative. Certain regulatory requirements may also limit a Fund’s ability to engage in futures and related options transactions.

 

Stock Index Futures and Options on Stock Index Futures.    The Funds may invest in stock index futures contracts and options on stock index futures contracts as a substitute for a comparable market position in the underlying securities comprising the index which the Fund is seeking to replicate. A stock index future obligates the seller to deliver (and the purchaser to take), effectively, an amount of cash equal to a specific dollar amount times the difference between the value of a specific stock index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the agreement is made. No physical delivery of the underlying stocks in the index is made. There can be no assurance that a liquid market will exist at the time when the Funds seek to close out a futures contract or a futures option position. Lack of a liquid market may prevent liquidation of an unfavorable position.

 

Future Developments.    Funds which are permitted to invest in these types of instruments may take advantage of opportunities in the area of options and futures contracts and options on futures contracts and any other derivative investments which are not presently contemplated for use by the Funds or which are not currently available but which may be developed, to the extent such opportunities are both consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and legally permissible for the Fund.

 

(7)  Combined Positions.    The Funds are permitted to purchase and write options in combination with each other, or in combination with futures or forward contracts, to adjust the risk and return characteristics of the overall position. For example, a Fund may purchase a put option and write a call option on the same underlying instrument, in order to construct a combined position whose risk and return characteristics are similar to selling a futures contract. Another possible combined position would involve writing a call option at one strike price and buying a call option at a lower price, in order to reduce the risk of the written call option in the event of a substantial price increase. Because combined options positions involve multiple trades, they result in higher transaction costs and may be more difficult to open and close out.

 

(8)  Risks Regarding Options and Futures Transactions.    Some of the general risks associated with the use of options and futures include:

 

(a)  Correlation of Price Changes.    Because there are a limited number of types of exchange-traded options and futures contracts, it is likely that the standardized options and futures contracts available will not match a Fund’s current or anticipated investments exactly (to the extent options and futures contracts are used for such purpose). The Funds may invest in options and futures contracts based on securities with different issuers, maturities, or other characteristics from the securities in which it typically invests, which involves a risk that the options or futures position will not track the performance of a Fund’s other investments.

 

Options and futures contracts prices can also diverge from the prices of their underlying instruments, even if the underlying instruments match a Fund’s investments well. Options and futures contracts prices are affected by such factors as current and anticipated short term interest rates, changes in volatility of the underlying instrument, and the time remaining until expiration of the contract, which may not affect security prices the same way. Imperfect correlation may also result from differing levels of demand in the options and futures markets and the securities markets, from structural differences in how options and futures and securities are traded, or from imposition of daily price fluctuation limits or trading halts. A Fund may purchase or sell options and futures contracts with a greater or lesser value than the securities it wishes to hedge or intends to purchase in order to attempt to compensate for differences in volatility between the

 

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contract and the securities, although this may not be successful in all cases. If price changes in a Fund’s options or futures positions are poorly correlated with its other investments, the positions may fail to produce anticipated gains or result in losses that are not offset by gains in other investments.

 

(b)  Liquidity of Options and Futures Contracts.    There is no assurance a liquid market will exist for any particular option or futures contract at any particular time even if the contract is traded on an exchange. In addition, exchanges may establish daily price fluctuation limits for options and futures contracts and may halt trading if a contract’s price moves up or down more than the limit in a given day. On volatile trading days when the price fluctuation limit is reached or a trading halt is imposed, it may be impossible for a Fund to enter into new positions or close out existing positions. If the market for a contract is not liquid because of price fluctuation limits or otherwise, it could prevent prompt liquidation of unfavorable positions, and could potentially require a Fund to continue to hold a position until delivery or expiration regardless of changes in its value. As a result, a Fund’s access to other assets held to cover its options or futures positions could also be impaired. (See “Exchange Traded and OTC Options” above for a discussion of the liquidity of options not traded on an exchange.)

 

(c)  Position Limits.    Futures exchanges can limit the number of futures and options on futures contracts that can be held or controlled by an entity. If an adequate exemption cannot be obtained, the Fund, its investment adviser or its sub-adviser may be required to reduce the size of their futures and options positions or may not be able to trade a certain futures or options contract in order to avoid exceeding such limits.

 

(d)  Asset Coverage for Futures Contracts and Options Positions.    The Funds will comply with guidelines established by the SEC with respect to coverage of options and futures contracts by mutual funds, and if the guidelines so require, will set aside appropriate liquid assets in the amount prescribed. Assets set aside for such purpose cannot be sold while the futures or options strategy is outstanding, unless they are replaced with other suitable assets. As a result, there is a possibility that segregation of a large percentage of a Fund’s assets could impede portfolio management or a Fund’s ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.

 

(e)  Status Under the Commodity Exchange Act.    The Funds are operated by a person who has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”), and therefore, such person is not subject to registration or regulation as a pool operator under the CEA.

 

(9)  Swaps and Related Swap Products:    The Funds may engage in swap transactions, including, but not limited to, interest rate, currency, credit default, indices, basket, specific security and commodity swaps, interest rate caps, floors and collars and options on swaps (collectively defined as “swap transactions”).

 

Each Fund may enter into swap transactions for any legal purpose consistent with its investment objective and policies, such as for the purpose of attempting to obtain or preserve a particular return or spread at a lower cost than obtaining that return or spread through purchases and/or sales of instruments in cash markets, to protect against currency fluctuations, as a duration management technique, to protect against any increase in the price of securities a Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date, or to gain exposure to certain markets in the most economical way possible.

 

Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional counterparties for periods ranging from a few weeks to several years. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) that would be earned or realized on specified notional investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated by reference to a “notional amount,” i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency or commodity, or in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index. The purchaser of an interest rate cap or floor, upon payment of a fee, has the right to receive payments (and the seller of the cap is obligated to make payments) to the extent a specified interest rate exceeds (in the

 

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case of a cap) or is less than (in the case of a floor) a specified level over a specified period of time or at specified dates. The purchaser of an interest rate collar, upon payment of a fee, has the right to receive payments (and the seller of the collar is obligated to make payments) to the extent that a specified interest rate falls outside an agreed upon range over a specified period of time or at specified dates. The purchaser of an option on an interest rate swap, upon payment of a fee (either at the time of purchase or in the form of higher payments or lower receipts within an interest rate swap transaction) has the right, but not the obligation, to initiate a new swap transaction of a pre-specified notional amount with pre-specified terms with the seller of the option as the counterparty.

 

The “notional amount” of a swap transaction is the agreed upon basis for calculating the payments that the parties have agreed to exchange. For example, one swap counterparty may agree to pay a floating rate of interest (e.g., 3 month LIBOR) calculated based on a $10 million notional amount on a quarterly basis in exchange for receipt of payments calculated based on the same notional amount and a fixed rate of interest on a semi-annual basis. In the event a Fund is obligated to make payments more frequently than it receives payments from the other party, it will incur incremental credit exposure to that swap counterparty. This risk may be mitigated somewhat by the use of swap agreements which call for a net payment to be made by the party with the larger payment obligation when the obligations of the parties fall due on the same date. Under most swap agreements entered into by a Fund, payments by the parties will be exchanged on a “net basis,” and a Fund will receive or pay, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments.

 

The amount of a Fund’s potential gain or loss on any swap transaction is not subject to any fixed limit. Nor is there any fixed limit on a Fund’s potential loss if it sells a cap or collar. If the Fund buys a cap, floor or collar, however, the Fund’s potential loss is limited to the amount of the fee that it has paid. When measured against the initial amount of cash required to initiate the transaction, which is typically zero in the case of most conventional swap transactions, swaps, caps, floors and collars tend to be more volatile than many other types of instruments.

 

The use of swap transactions, caps, floors and collars involves investment techniques and risks which are different from those associated with portfolio security transactions. If a Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market values, interest rates, and other applicable factors, the investment performance of a Fund will be less favorable than if these techniques had not been used. These instruments are typically not traded on exchanges. Accordingly, there is a risk that the other party to certain of these instruments will not perform its obligations to a Fund or that a Fund may be unable to enter into offsetting positions to terminate its exposure or liquidate its position under certain of these instruments when it wishes to do so. Such occurrences could result in losses to a Fund.

 

A Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser will, however, consider such risks and will enter into swap and other derivatives transactions only when it believes that the risks are not unreasonable.

 

Each Fund will maintain cash or liquid assets in an amount sufficient at all times to cover its current obligations under its swap transactions, caps, floors and collars. If a Fund enters into a swap agreement on a net basis, it will segregate assets with a daily value at least equal to the excess, if any, of a Fund’s accrued obligations under the swap agreement over the accrued amount a Fund is entitled to receive under the agreement. If a Fund enters into a swap agreement on other than a net basis, or sells a cap, floor or collar, it will segregate assets with a daily value at least equal to the full amount of a Fund’s accrued obligations under the agreement. In addition to those techniques mentioned above, a Fund may cover its obligations under a swap agreement by using any other technique permitted by applicable law.

 

The Funds will not enter into any swap transaction, cap, floor, or collar, unless the counterparty to the transaction is deemed creditworthy by the investment adviser and/or the sub-adviser. If a counterparty defaults, a Fund may have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. The swap markets in which many types of swap transactions are traded have grown substantially in recent years, with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap

 

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documentation. As a result, the markets for certain types of swaps (e.g., interest rate swaps) have become relatively liquid. The markets for some types of caps, floors and collars are less liquid.

 

During the term of a swap, cap, floor or collar, changes in the value of the instrument are recognized as unrealized gains or losses by marking to market to reflect the market value of the instrument. When the instrument is terminated, a Fund will record a realized gain or loss equal to the difference, if any, between the proceeds from (or cost of) the closing transaction and a Fund’s basis in the contract.

 

During the term of a swap, cap, floor or collar, the periodic net payments can be made for a set period of time or may be triggered by a predetermined credit event. The net periodic payments may be based on a fixed or variable interest rate; the change in the market value of a specified security, basket of securities or index; or the return generated by a security.

 

The federal income tax treatment with respect to swap transactions, caps, floors, and collars may impose limitations on the extent to which the Funds may engage in such transactions.

 

(10)  Structured Notes and Hybrid Instruments:    Structured notes are derivative debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities include structured notes as well as securities other than debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities may include a multiplier that multiplies the indexed element by a specified factor and, therefore, the value of such securities may be very volatile.

 

A hybrid instrument can combine the characteristics of securities, futures, and options. For example, the principal amount or interest rate of a hybrid could be tied (positively or negatively) to the price of some commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate (each a “benchmark”). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed income securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid security may be increased or decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark.

 

Hybrids can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including currency hedging, duration management, and increased total return. Hybrids may not bear interest or pay dividends. The value of a hybrid or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid could be zero. Thus, an investment in a hybrid may entail significant market risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional, U.S. dollar-denominated bond that has a fixed principal amount and pays a fixed rate or floating rate of interest. The purchase of hybrids also exposes a Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the hybrids. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the net asset value of the Fund.

 

Illiquid Securities

 

Each Fund may invest not more than 15% of its net assets in “illiquid securities,” which are securities that are not readily marketable, including securities whose disposition is restricted by contract or under federal securities laws. A Fund may not be able to dispose of such securities in a timely fashion and for a fair price, which could result in losses to a Fund. In addition, illiquid securities are generally more difficult to value. Illiquid securities may include repurchase agreements with maturities greater than seven days, futures contracts and options thereon for which a liquid secondary market does not exist, time deposits maturing in more than seven calendar days and securities of new and early stage companies whose securities are not publicly traded. The Funds may also purchase securities eligible for resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933. Such securities may be determined to be liquid by the Board of Trustees, MassMutual and/or the sub-adviser, if such determination by MassMutual or the sub-adviser is pursuant to Board-approved guidelines. Such guidelines shall take into account trading activity for such securities and the

 

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availability of reliable pricing information, among other factors. If there is a lack of trading interest in particular Rule 144A securities, a Fund’s holdings of those securities may be illiquid, resulting in undesirable delays in selling these securities at prices representing fair value.

 

Investments may be illiquid because there is no active trading market for them, making it difficult to value them or dispose of them promptly at an acceptable price. The sub-advisers monitor holdings of illiquid securities on an ongoing basis to determine whether to sell any holding to maintain adequate liquidity.

 

Foreign Securities

 

The Diversified Growth Fund and, to a lesser extent, the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund, are permitted to invest in foreign securities. Foreign securities include securities of foreign companies and foreign governments (or agencies or subdivisions thereof). The Destination Retirement 2050 Fund will normally invest in foreign securities only if: (i) such securities are U.S. dollar-denominated; or (ii) if such securities are not U.S. dollar-denominated, the Fund contemporaneously enters into a foreign currency transaction to hedge the currency risk associated with the particular foreign security. If a Fund’s securities are held abroad, the countries in which such securities may be held and the sub-custodian holding them must be approved by the Board of Trustees or its delegate under applicable rules adopted by the SEC. In buying foreign securities, a Fund may convert U.S. dollars into foreign currency.

 

The globalization and integration of the world economic system and related financial markets have made it increasingly difficult to define issuers geographically. Accordingly, the Funds intend to construe geographic terms such as “foreign,” “non-U.S.,” “European, “ “Latin American,” “Asian,” and “emerging markets” in the manner that affords to the Funds the greatest flexibility in seeking to achieve the investment objective(s) of the relevant Fund. Specifically, in circumstances where the investment objective and/or strategy is to invest (a) exclusively in “foreign securities,” “non-U.S. securities” “European securities,” “Latin American securities,” “Asian securities,” or “emerging markets” (or similar directions) or (b) at least some percentage of the Fund’s assets in foreign securities, etc., the Fund will take the view that a security meets this description so long as the issuer of a security is tied economically to the particular country or geographic region indicated by words of the relevant investment objective and/or strategy (the “Relevant Language”). For these purposes the issuer of a security is deemed to have that tie if:

 

(i)  the issuer is organized under the laws of the country or a country within the geographic region suggested by the Relevant Language or maintains its principal place of business in that country or region; or

 

(ii)  the securities are traded principally in the country or region suggested by the Relevant Language; or

 

(iii)  the issuer, during its most recent fiscal year, derived at least 50% of its revenues or profits from goods produced or sold, investments made, or services performed in the country or region suggested by the Relevant Language or has at least 50% of its assets in that country or region.

 

In addition, the Funds intend to treat derivative securities (e.g., call options) by reference to the underlying security. Conversely, if the investment objective and/or strategy of a Fund limits the percentage of assets that may be invested in “foreign securities,” etc. or prohibits such investments altogether, a Fund intends to categorize securities as “foreign,” etc. only if the security possesses all of the attributes described above in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii).

 

Foreign securities also include securities of foreign issuers represented by American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”). ADRs are issued by a U.S. depository institution, but they represent a specified quantity of shares of a non-U.S. stock company. In addition to ADRs, a Fund may invest in sponsored or unsponsored Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) and European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) to the extent they become available. GDRs and EDRs are typically issued by foreign depositaries and evidence ownership interests in a security or pool of securities issued by either a foreign or a U.S. corporation. Holders of unsponsored GDRs and EDRs

 

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generally bear all the costs associated with establishing them. The depositary of an unsponsored GDR or EDR is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the underlying issuer or to pass through to the GDR or EDR holders any voting rights with respect to the securities or pools of securities represented by the GDR or EDR. GDRs and EDRs also may not be denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities. Registered GDRs and EDRs are generally designed for use in U.S. securities markets, while bearer form GDRs and EDRs are generally designed for non-U.S. securities markets. Each of the Funds will treat the underlying securities of a GDR or EDR as the investment for purposes of its investment policies and restrictions.

 

Investments in foreign securities involve special risks and considerations. As foreign companies are not generally subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements comparable to those applicable to domestic companies, there may be less publicly available information about a foreign company than about a domestic company. For example, foreign markets have different clearance and settlement procedures. Delays in settlement could result in temporary periods when assets of a Fund are uninvested. The inability of a Fund to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems could cause it to miss certain investment opportunities. Foreign securities may also entail certain other risks, such as the possibility of one or more of the following: imposition of dividend or interest withholding or confiscatory taxes, higher brokerage costs, thinner trading markets, currency blockages or transfer restrictions, expropriation, nationalization, military coups or other adverse political or economic developments; less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges, brokers and listed companies; and the difficulty of enforcing obligations in other countries. Purchases of foreign securities are usually made in foreign currencies and, as a result, a Fund may incur currency conversion costs and may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in the value of foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar. Further, it may be more difficult for a Fund’s agents to keep currently informed about corporate actions which may affect the prices of portfolio securities. Communications between the United States and foreign countries may be less reliable than within the United States, thus increasing the risk of delayed settlements of portfolio transactions or loss of certificates for portfolio securities. Certain markets may require payment for securities before delivery. A Fund’s ability and decisions to purchase and sell portfolio securities may be affected by laws or regulations relating to the convertibility of currencies and repatriation of assets.

 

A number of current significant political, demographic and economic developments may affect investments in foreign securities and in securities of companies with operations overseas. The course of any one or more of these events and the effect on trade barriers, competition and markets for consumer goods and services are uncertain. Similar considerations are of concern with respect to developing countries. For example, the possibility of revolution and the dependence on foreign economic assistance may be greater in these countries than in developed countries. Management seeks to mitigate the risks associated with these considerations through diversification and active professional management.

 

In addition to the general risks of investing in foreign securities, investments in emerging markets involve special risks. Securities of many issuers in emerging markets may be less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable domestic issuers. Emerging markets may have different clearance and settlement procedures, and in certain markets there have been times when settlements have been unable to keep pace with the volume of securities transactions, making it difficult to conduct such transactions. Delays in settlement could result in temporary periods when a portion of the assets of a Fund is uninvested and no return is earned thereon. The inability of a Fund to make intended security purchases due to settlement problems could cause a Fund to miss attractive investment opportunities. Inability to dispose of portfolio securities due to settlement problems could result in losses to a Fund due to subsequent declines in values of the portfolio securities, decrease in the level of liquidity in a Fund’s portfolio, or, if a Fund has entered into a contract to sell the security, possible liability to the purchaser. Certain markets may require payment for securities before delivery, and in such markets a Fund bears the risk that the securities will not be delivered and that the Fund’s payments will not be returned. Securities prices in emerging markets can be significantly more volatile than in the more developed nations of the world, reflecting the greater uncertainties of investing in less established markets and economies. In particular, countries

 

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with emerging markets may have relatively unstable governments, present the risk of nationalization of businesses, or may have restrictions on foreign ownership or prohibitions of repatriation of assets, and may have less protection of property rights than more developed countries. The economies of countries with emerging markets may be predominantly based on only a few industries, may be highly vulnerable to changes in local or global trade conditions, and may suffer from extreme and volatile debt burdens or inflation rates. Local securities markets may trade a small number of securities and may be unable to respond effectively to increases in trading volume, potentially making prompt liquidation of substantial holdings difficult or impossible at times. Securities of issuers located in countries with emerging markets may have limited marketability and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements.

 

Certain emerging markets may require governmental approval for the repatriation of investment income, capital or the proceeds of sales of securities by foreign investors. In addition, if a deterioration occurs in an emerging market’s balance of payments or for other reasons, a country could impose temporary restrictions on foreign capital remittances. A Fund could be adversely affected by delays in, or a refusal to grant, any required governmental approval for repatriation of capital, as well as by the application to that Fund of any restrictions on investments.

 

Investment in certain foreign emerging market debt obligations may be restricted or controlled to varying degrees. These restrictions or controls may at times preclude investment in certain foreign emerging market debt obligations and increase the expenses of a Fund.

 

When-Issued Securities

 

Each Fund may purchase securities on a “when-issued” or on a “forward delivery” basis. When such transactions are negotiated, the price is fixed at the time of commitment, but delivery and payment for the securities can take place a month or more after the commitment date. The securities so purchased or sold are subject to market fluctuations, and no interest accrues to the purchaser during this period. At the time of delivery, the securities may be worth more or less than the purchase or sales price. Generally, under normal circumstances, a Fund is expected to take delivery of securities purchased. When a Fund commits to purchase a security on a “when-issued” or on a “forward delivery” basis, it will take actions consistent with SEC policies, which currently recommend that an amount of the Fund’s assets consisting of cash or high-quality debt instruments equal to the amount of the purchase be held aside or segregated to be used to pay for the commitment. Therefore, a Fund would have liquid assets sufficient to cover any commitments. However, there are risks. For example, a Fund may have to sell assets which have been set aside in order to meet redemptions and the Fund may be unable to meet its current obligations. Also, if a Fund determines it necessary to sell the “when-issued” or “forward delivery” securities before delivery, the Fund may incur a loss because of market fluctuations since the time the commitment to purchase the securities was made.

 

Portfolio Management

 

A Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser uses trading as a means of managing the portfolio of the Fund in seeking to achieve its investment objective. Transactions will occur when a Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser believes that the trade, net of transaction costs, will improve interest income or capital appreciation potential, or will lessen capital loss potential. Whether the goals discussed above will be achieved through trading depends on the Fund’s investment adviser’s or sub-adviser’s ability to evaluate particular securities and anticipate relevant market factors, including interest rate trends and variations from such trends. If such evaluations and expectations prove to be incorrect, a Fund’s income or capital appreciation may be reduced and its capital losses may be increased. In addition, high turnover in a Fund could result in additional brokerage commissions to be paid by that Fund. See also “Taxation” below.

 

The Funds may pay brokerage commissions to affiliates of one or more affiliates of the Funds’ investment advisers or sub-advisers.

 

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Concentration Policy

 

For purposes of each Fund’s concentration limitation as disclosed in this SAI, the Funds apply such policy to direct investments in the securities of issuers in a particular industry, as determined by a Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser. A Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser may analyze the characteristics of a particular issuer and security and assign an industry or sector classification consistent with those characteristics in the event that the third party classification provider used by the investment adviser or sub-adviser does not assign a classification or the investment adviser or sub-adviser, in consultation with the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer, determines that another industry or sector classification is more appropriate.

 

Other Investment Companies

 

Certain markets are closed in whole or in part to equity investments by foreigners. A Fund may be able to invest in such markets solely or primarily through governmentally authorized investment vehicles or companies. Each Fund generally may invest up to 10% of its total assets in the aggregate in shares of other investment companies and up to 5% of its assets in any one investment company, as long as no investment represents more than 3% of the outstanding voting stock of the acquired investment company at the time of investment; provided that this provision does not apply, however, to any of the Funds relying on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act. Investment in another investment company may involve the payment of a premium above the value of such issuers’ portfolio securities, and is subject to market availability. The Funds do not intend to invest in such vehicles or funds unless, in the judgment of a Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser, and subject to a Fund’s investment restrictions set forth in its Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, the potential benefits of the investment justify the payment of any applicable premium or sales charge. As a shareholder in an investment company, Fund shareholders would indirectly pay a portion of that investment company’s expenses, including its advisory administration, brokerage, shareholder servicing and other expenses. At the same time a Fund would continue to pay its own management fees and other expenses. This section shall not prevent the Diversified Growth Fund or an Underlying Fund of the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund from investing its assets in money market funds managed by the Diversified Growth Fund’s or the Underlying Fund’s sub-adviser pursuant to applicable SEC exemptive orders.

 

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs)

 

These are a type of investment company bought and sold on a securities exchange. An ETF represents a fixed portfolio of securities designed to track a particular market index. A Fund could purchase an ETF to temporarily gain exposure to a portion of the U.S. or a foreign market while awaiting purchase of underlying securities. The risks of owning an ETF generally reflect the risks of owning the underlying securities they are designed to track, although lack of liquidity in an ETF could result in it being more volatile and ETFs have management fees which increase their costs. As a shareholder in an ETF, Fund shareholders would indirectly pay a portion of that ETF’s expenses, including its advisory, administration, brokerage, shareholder servicing and other expenses. At the same time a Fund would continue to pay its own management fees and other expenses.

 

Index-Related Securities (Equity Equivalents)

 

The Funds may invest in certain types of securities that enable investors to purchase or sell shares in a portfolio of securities that seeks to track the performance of an underlying index or a portion of an index. Such Equity Equivalents include, among others, DIAMONDS (interests in a portfolio of securities that seeks to track the performance of the Dow Jones Industrial Average), SPDRs or Standard & Poor’s Depositary Receipts (interests in a portfolio of securities that seeks to track the performance of the S&P 500 Index), WEBS or World Equity Benchmark Shares (interests in a portfolio of securities that seeks to track the performance of a benchmark index of a particular foreign country’s stocks), and the Nasdaq-100 Trust (interests in a portfolio of securities of the largest and most actively traded non-financial companies listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market). Such securities are similar to index mutual funds, but they are traded on various stock exchanges or secondary

 

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markets. The value of these securities is dependent upon the performance of the underlying index on which they are based. Thus, these securities are subject to the same risks as their underlying indexes as well as the securities that make up those indices. For example, if the securities comprising an index that an index-related security seeks to track perform poorly, the index-related security will lose value.

 

Equity Equivalents may be used for several purposes, including to simulate full investment in the underlying index while retaining a cash balance for fund management purposes, to facilitate trading, to reduce transaction costs or to seek higher investment returns where an Equity Equivalent is priced more attractively than securities in the underlying index. Because the expense associated with an investment in Equity Equivalents may be substantially lower than the expense of small investments directly in the securities comprising the indices they seek to track, investments in Equity Equivalents may provide a cost-effective means of diversifying the fund’s assets across a broad range of equity securities.

 

The prices of Equity Equivalents are derived and based upon the securities held by the particular investment company. Accordingly, the level of risk involved in the purchase or sale of an Equity Equivalent is similar to the risk involved in the purchase or sale of traditional common stock, with the exception that the pricing mechanism for such instruments is based on a basket of stocks. The market prices of Equity Equivalents are expected to fluctuate in accordance with both changes in the net asset values of their underlying indices and the supply and demand for the instruments on the exchanges on which they are traded. Substantial market or other disruptions affecting an Equity Equivalent could adversely affect the liquidity and value of the shares of the fund investing in such instruments.

 

Cash Positions

 

Each Fund may hold cash or cash equivalents to provide for expenses and anticipated redemption payments and so that an orderly investment program may be carried out in accordance with the Fund’s investment policies. To provide liquidity, for temporary defensive purposes and to receive a return on uninvested cash during such periods, each Fund may invest in investment grade debt securities, government obligations, or money market instruments or money market mutual funds.

 

Short Sales Against-the-box

 

Selling short “against-the-box” refers to the sale of securities actually owned by the seller but held in safekeeping. In such short sales, while the short position is open, a Fund must own an equal amount of such securities, or by virtue of ownership of securities have the right, without payment of further consideration, to obtain an equal amount of securities sold short. Short sales against-the-box generally produce current recognition of gain (but not loss) for federal income tax purposes on the constructive sale of securities “in the box” prior to the time the short position is closed out. Neither of the Funds currently intends to engage in short sales against-the-box but is permitted to do so.

 

U.S. Government Securities

 

The Funds may invest in U.S. Government securities. These include obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities. Payment of principal and interest on U.S. Government obligations (i) may be backed by the full faith and credit of the United States (as with U.S. Treasury obligations and GNMA certificates) or (ii) may be backed solely by the issuing or guaranteeing agency or instrumentality itself (as with FNMA notes). In the latter case, the investor must look principally to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment. Such agency or instrumentality may be privately owned. There can be no assurance that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to its agencies or instrumentalities where it is not obligated to do so. U.S. Government securities are subject to interest rate risk, and, in some cases, may be subject to credit risk. As a general matter, the value of debt instruments, including U.S. Government obligations, declines when market interest rates increase and rises when

 

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market interest rates decrease. Certain types of U.S. Government obligations are subject to fluctuations in yield or value due to their structure or contract terms.

 

Investment Basket

 

Notwithstanding any Fund’s fundamental investment restrictions (except those imposed as a matter of law), the Board of Trustees may authorize one or more of the Funds to invest in any type of security or instrument, or to engage in any type of transaction or practice, such as newly developed debt securities, hedging programs or derivatives, so long that the Board of Trustees has determined that to do so is consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies and has adopted reasonable guidelines for use by the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser, and provided further that at the time of making such investment or entering into such transaction, such investments or instruments account for not more than 10% of the Fund’s total assets. The Trust has no current intention of using this investment basket authority but is permitted to do so.

 

DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS

 

The Trustees of the Funds, including a majority of directors who are not “interested persons” of the Funds (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”)), have adopted policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds’ portfolio holdings. These policies and procedures generally provide that no disclosure of portfolio holdings information may be made unless publicly disclosed as described below or made as part of the daily investment activities of the Funds to the Funds’ investment adviser, sub-advisers, or any of their affiliates who provide services to the Funds, which by explicit agreement or by virtue of their respective duties to the Funds, are required to maintain confidentiality of the information disclosed. Certain limited exceptions pursuant to the Funds’ policies and procedures are described below. The Funds’ portfolio holdings information may not be disseminated for compensation. Any exceptions to the Funds’ policies and procedures may be made only if approved in writing by the Funds’ Principal Executive Officer and the Chief Compliance Officer as being in the best interests of the relevant Fund, and then only if the recipients are subject to a confidentiality agreement as described below. Any such exceptions must be reported to the Funds’ Board of Trustees at its next regularly scheduled meeting. It was determined that these policies and procedures are reasonably designed to ensure that disclosure of portfolio holdings information is in the best interests of a Fund’s shareholders and appropriately address the potential for conflicts between the interests of a Fund’s shareholders, on the one hand, and those of MassMutual or any affiliated person of the Fund or MassMutual on the other.

 

Acting pursuant to the policies and procedures adopted by the Trustees of the Funds, MassMutual and the Funds’ sub-advisers are primarily responsible for compliance with these policies and procedures, which includes maintaining such internal informational barriers (e.g., “Chinese walls”) as each believes are reasonably necessary for preventing the unauthorized disclosure of portfolio holdings information. Pursuant to Rule 38a-1 under the 1940 Act, the Trustees will periodically (as needed, but at least annually) receive reports from the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer regarding the operation of these policies and procedures, including a confirmation by the Chief Compliance Officer that MassMutual’s and the sub-advisers’ policies, procedures and/or processes are reasonably designed to comply with the Funds’ policies and procedures in this regard.

 

Public Disclosures

 

The Funds’ portfolio holdings are currently disclosed to the public through required filings with the SEC and as described below. The Funds file their portfolio holdings with the SEC for each fiscal quarter on Form N-CSR (with respect to each annual period and semi-annual period) and Form N-Q (with respect to the first and third quarters of the Funds’ fiscal year) no later than 60 days after the end of the applicable quarter. Shareholders may obtain the Funds’ Form N-CSR and N-Q filings on the SEC’s Web site at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, the Funds’ Form N-CSR and N-Q filings may be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, D.C. You may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for information about the SEC’s Web site or the operation of the public reference room.

 

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The Funds’ most recent portfolio holdings as of the end of February, May, August and November are available on http://www.massmutual.com/retire no earlier than 30 days after the end of each of these respective months. In addition, each Fund’s top ten holdings are made available in quarterly reports and on http://www.massmutual.com/retire as soon as possible after each calendar quarter-end.

 

Other Disclosures

 

Acting pursuant to the policies and procedures adopted by the Trustees of the Funds, and the extent permitted under the 1933 and 1940 Acts, MassMutual and the Funds’ sub-advisers may distribute (or authorize the Funds’ custodian to distribute) information regarding the Funds’ portfolio holdings more frequently than as provided above on a confidential basis to various service providers and others who require such information in order to fulfill their contractual duties with respect to the Funds. These service providers include the Funds’ custodian and sub-administrator (State Street Bank and Trust Company), the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm (Deloitte & Touche LLP), legal counsel (Ropes & Gray LLP), financial printer (R.R. Donnelley), any proxy voting service employed by the Funds, MassMutual, or any of the Funds’ sub-advisers, and any pricing services employed by the Funds. The Funds may also periodically provide non-public information about their portfolio holdings to rating and ranking organizations, such as Lipper Inc. and Morningstar Inc., in connection with those firms’ research on and classification of the Funds and in order to gather information about how the Funds’ attributes (such as volatility, turnover, and expenses) compared with those of peer funds.

 

Such disclosures may be made only if (i) the recipients of such information are subject to a written confidentiality agreement specifying that the Funds’ portfolio holdings information is the confidential property of the Funds and may not be used for any purpose except in connection with the provision of services to the Funds and, in particular, that such information may not be traded upon; and (ii) if the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer (or a person designated by the Chief Compliance Officer) determines that, under the circumstances, disclosure is in the best interests of the relevant Fund’s shareholders. The information distributed is limited to the information that MassMutual or the relevant sub-adviser believes is reasonably necessary in connection with the services provided by the service provider receiving the information.

 

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS OF THE FUNDS

 

FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS OF THE FUNDS

 

Each Fund is subject to certain fundamental restrictions on its investments, which may not be changed without the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of that Fund. Investment restrictions that appear below or elsewhere in this SAl and in the Prospectus which involve a maximum percentage of securities or assets shall not be considered to be violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs immediately after, and is caused by, an acquisition or encumbrance of securities or assets of, or borrowings by or on behalf of, a Fund. The Trust may not, on behalf of any Fund:

 

(1)  Purchase any security (other than U.S. Treasury securities or U.S. Government Securities) if as a result, with respect to 75% of the Fund’s assets, more than 5% of the value of the total assets (determined at the time of investment) of a Fund would be invested in the securities of a single issuer.

 

(2)  Borrow money, except from banks for temporary or emergency purposes not in excess of one-third of the value of a Fund’s assets, except that a Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements or roll transactions. For purposes of calculating this limitation, entering into portfolio lending agreements shall not be deemed to constitute borrowing money. A Fund would not make any additional investments while its borrowings exceeded 5% of its assets.

 

(3)  Issue senior securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) except for securities representing indebtedness not prevented by paragraph (2) above.

 

(4)  Make short sales, except for sales “against-the-box.”

 

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(5)  Act as an underwriter, except to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities, a Fund may be deemed an underwriter under applicable laws.

 

(6)  Invest in oil, gas or other mineral leases, rights, royalty contracts or exploration or development programs, real estate or real estate mortgage loans. This restriction does not prevent a Fund from purchasing readily marketable securities secured or issued by companies investing or dealing in real estate and by companies that are not principally engaged in the business of buying and selling such leases, rights, contracts or programs.

 

(7)  Purchase physical commodities or commodity contracts (except futures contracts, including but not limited to contracts for the future delivery of securities and futures contracts based on securities indices).

 

(8)  Make loans other than by investing in obligations in which a Fund may invest consistent with its investment objective and policies and other than repurchase agreements and loans of portfolio securities.

 

(9)  Pledge, mortgage or hypothecate assets taken at market to an extent greater than 15% of the total assets of the Fund except in connection with permitted transactions in options, futures contracts and options on futures contracts, reverse repurchase agreements and securities lending.

 

(10)  Purchase any security (other than securities issued, guaranteed or sponsored by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities) if, as a result, with respect to 75% of the Fund’s assets, the Fund would hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of an issuer.

 

(11)  Acquire securities of issuers in any one industry (as determined by the Board of Trustees of the Trust) if as a result 25% or more of the value of the total assets of the Fund would be invested in such industry, with the following exception:

 

(a) There is no limitation for securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies and instrumentalities.

 

Reverse repurchase agreements and dollar roll transactions are borrowings subject to limitation (2) above.

 

NON-FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS OF THE FUNDS

 

In addition to the fundamental investment restrictions described above, the Board of Trustees of the Trust has voluntarily adopted certain policies and restrictions which are observed in the conduct of the affairs of the Funds. These represent intentions of the Trustees based upon current circumstances. They differ from fundamental investment restrictions in that the following additional investment restrictions may be changed or amended by action of the Trustees without requiring prior notice to or approval of shareholders.

 

In accordance with such policies and guidelines, each Fund may not:

 

(1)  Invest for the purpose of exercising control over, or management of, any company.

 

(2)  With the exception of the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund, invest in securities of other investment companies, except by purchase in the open market where no commission or profit to a sponsor or dealer results from such purchase other than the customary broker’s commission, except when such purchase is part of a plan of merger, consolidation, reorganization or acquisition or except shares of money market funds advised by MassMutual or an affiliate thereof. It is expected that a Fund would purchase shares of such money market funds only if arrangements are made to eliminate duplicate advisory and distribution fees.

 

(3)  To the extent that shares of the Fund are purchased or otherwise acquired by other series of the Trust, acquire any securities of registered open-end investment companies or registered unit investment trusts in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or Section 12(d)(1)(G) of the 1940 Act.

 

(4)  Invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. This restriction does not limit the purchase of securities eligible for resale to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the

 

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Securities Act of 1933, as amended, provided that such securities are determined to be liquid by MassMutual or the sub-adviser pursuant to Board approved guidelines.

 

With respect to limitation (4) above, if there is a lack of trading interest in particular Rule 144A securities, a Fund’s holdings of those securities may be illiquid, resulting in the possibility of undesirable delays in selling these securities at prices representing fair value. If, through a change in values, net assets, or other circumstances, the Fund were in a position where more than 15% of its net assets was invested in illiquid securities, it would consider appropriate steps to protect liquidity.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing investment limitations, the Underlying Funds in which the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund may invest have adopted certain investment limitations that may be more or less restrictive than those listed above, thereby permitting a Destination Retirement 2050 Fund to engage indirectly in investment strategies that are prohibited under the investment limitations listed above.

 

In accordance with the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund’s investment program as set forth in the prospectus, the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund may invest more than 25% of its assets in any one Underlying Fund. For purposes of the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund’s fundamental concentration limitation discussed above, the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund looks through to the holdings of its Underlying Funds in order to determine compliance with this limitation.

 

MANAGEMENT OF THE TRUST

 

The Trust has a Board of Trustees, a majority of which must not be “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust. The Board of Trustees of the Trust is generally responsible for management of the business and affairs of the Trust. The Trustees formulate the general policies of the Trust and the Funds, approve contracts and authorize Trust officers to carry out the decisions of the Board. To assist them in this role, the Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust (“Disinterested Trustees”) have retained independent legal counsel. As investment adviser and sub-advisers to the Funds, respectively, MassMutual, Legg Mason, T. Rowe Price and Wellington Management may be considered part of the management of the Trust. The Trustees and principal officers of the Trust are listed below together with information on their positions with the Trust, address, age, principal occupations during the past five years and other principal business affiliations.

 

Disinterested Trustees

 

Richard H. Ayers

  Trustee of the Trust

1295 State Street

   

Springfield, MA 01111

   

Age: 65

   

Trustee since 1996

   

Trustee of 55 portfolios in fund complex

   

 

Retired; former adviser to Chairman (1997), Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (1989-1996) and Director (1985-1996), The Stanley Works (manufacturer of tools, hardware and specialty hardware products); Director, Applera Corporation; Trustee (since 1999), Advisory Board Member (1996-1999), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company).

 

Allan W. Blair

  Trustee of the Trust

1295 State Street

   

Springfield, MA 01111

   

Age: 59

   

Trustee since 2003

   

Trustee of 55 portfolios in fund complex

   

 

President and Chief Executive Officer (since 1996), Economic Development Council of Western Massachusetts; President and Chief Executive Officer (1993-2006), Westmass Area Development Corporation;

 

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President and Chief Executive Officer (since 1984), Westover Metropolitan Development Corporation; Director (since 2001), Future Works, Inc.; Trustee (since 2003), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company).

 

Mary E. Boland

  Trustee of the Trust

1295 State Street

   

Springfield, MA 01111

   

Age: 68

   

Trustee since 1994

   

Trustee of 55 portfolios in fund complex

   

 

Attorney-at-Law (since 2004); Attorney-at-Law (1965-2004), Egan, Flanagan and Cohen, P.C. (law firm), Springfield, MA; Director (since 1999), BankNorth Massachusetts; Trustee (since 1973), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company).

 

Richard W. Greene

  Chairman and Trustee of the Trust

1295 State Street

   

Springfield, MA 01111

   

Age: 72

   

Trustee since 1996

   

Trustee of 55 portfolios in fund complex

   

 

Retired; Vice President for Investments and Treasurer (1998-2000), Executive Vice President and Treasurer (1986-1998), University of Rochester (private university); Chairman (since 2005), Trustee (since 1999), Advisory Board Member (1996-1999), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company).

 

R. Alan Hunter, Jr.1

  Trustee of the Trust

1295 State Street

   

Springfield, MA 01111

   

Age: 60

   

Trustee since 2003

   

Trustee of 55 portfolios in fund complex

   

 

Retired; President and Chief Operating Officer (1993-1997), The Stanley Works (manufacturer of tools, hardware and specialty hardware products); Trustee (since 2003), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company).

 

F. William Marshall, Jr.

  Trustee of the Trust

1295 State Street

   

Springfield, MA 01111

   

Age: 65

   

Trustee since 1996

   

Trustee of 92 portfolios in fund complex2

   

 

Consultant (since 1999); Chairman (1999), Family Bank, F.S.B. (formerly SIS Bank); Executive Vice President (1999), Peoples Heritage Financial Group; President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (1993-1999), SIS Bancorp, Inc. and SIS Bank (formerly, Springfield Institution for Savings); Trustee (since 2000), Board II Oppenheimer Funds; Trustee (since 1996), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company).


(1) Mr. Hunter is an “Interested Person,” as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, of the Small Cap Core Equity Fund through his ownership of common stock of Goldman Sachs. GSAM, an affiliate of Goldman Sachs, serves as the sub-adviser to the Small Cap Core Equity Fund.
(2) Board II Oppenheimer Funds is deemed to be part of the Fund Complex because it is managed by OppenheimerFunds, Inc., an indirect subsidiary of MassMutual.

 

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Interested Trustees

 

Frederick C. Castellani3

  Trustee and President of the Trust

1295 State Street

   

Springfield, MA 01111

   

Age: 60

   

Trustee since 2001

   

Trustee of 85 portfolios in fund complex

   

 

Executive Vice President (since 2001), Senior Vice President (1996-2001), MassMutual; Trustee (since 2001), Vice President (since 2006), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company); Trustee, Vice Chairman and President (since 2006), Vice President (2004-2006), MassMutual Premier Funds (open-end investment company); Trustee, Vice Chairman and Vice President (since 2006), MML Series Investment Fund II (open-end investment company).

 

Robert E. Joyal4

  Trustee of the Trust

1295 State Street

   

Springfield, MA 01111

   

Age: 62

   

Trustee since 2003

   

Trustee of 57 portfolios in fund complex5

   

 

Retired; President (2001-2003), Managing Director (2000-2001) and Executive Director (1999-2000), David L. Babson & Company Inc.; Trustee (since 2003), President (1999-2003), MassMutual Corporate Investors (closed-end investment company); Director (since 2003), Pemco Aviation Group, Inc.; Trustee (since 2003), President (1999-2003), MassMutual Participation Investors (closed-end investment company); Vice Chairman (since 2005), Trustee (since 2003), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company); Director (since 2005), York Enhanced Strategies Fund (closed-end investment company); Director (since 2006), Jefferies Group, Inc. (investment bank).


(3) Mr. Castellani is an Interested Person through his employment with MassMutual.
(4) Mr. Joyal is an Interested Person through his position as a director of Jefferies Group, Inc., a broker-dealer that may execute portfolio transactions and/or engage in principal transactions with the Funds, other investment companies advised by MassMutual or holding themselves out to investors as related companies for purposes of investment or investor services, or any other advisory accounts over which MassMutual has brokerage placement discretion.
(5) MassMutual Participation Investors and MassMutual Corporate Investors are deemed to be a part of the Fund Complex because they are managed by Babson Capital Management LLC, an indirect subsidiary of MassMutual.

 

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Principal Officers

 

Philip S. Wellman

1295 State Street

Springfield, MA 01111

Age: 43

Officer since 2007

Officer of 85 portfolios in fund complex

  Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer of the Trust

 

Vice President, Compliance (since 2007), Assistant Vice President and Associate General Counsel (2006-2007), MassMutual; Director, Office of General Counsel (2005-2006), Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated; Senior Vice President and Assistant General Counsel (2000-2006), Advest, Inc.; Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2007), MassMutual Premier Funds (open-end investment company); Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2007), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company); Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2007), MML Series Investment Fund II (open-end investment company).

 

Nicholas H. Palmerino

1295 State Street

Springfield, MA 01111

Age: 42

Officer since 2006

Officer of 85 portfolios in fund complex

  Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Trust

 

Assistant Vice President (since 2006), MassMutual; Vice President (2006), Consultant (2005-2006), JP Morgan Chase Worldwide Securities Services; Senior Vice President (2003-2004), CDC IXIS Asset Management Services, Inc. and CDC IXIS Asset Management Advisers, L.P.; Vice President (1996-2003), Loomis Sayles & Company, L.P.; Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2006), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company); Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2006), MassMutual Premier Funds (open-end investment company); Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 2006), MML Series Investment Fund II (open-end investment company).

 

Eric H. Wietsma

1295 State Street

Springfield, MA 01111

Age: 41

Officer since 2006

Officer of 85 portfolios in fund complex

  Vice President of the Trust

 

Vice President (since 2005), MassMutual; Vice President (1999-2005), Hartford Life Insurance Company; Vice President (since 2006), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company); Vice President (since 2006), MassMutual Premier Funds (open-end investment company); Vice President (since 2006), MML Series Investment Fund II (open-end investment company).

 

Kristin L. Fafard

1295 State Street

Springfield, MA 01111

Age: 41

Officer since 2005

Officer of 85 portfolios in fund complex

  Vice President of the Trust

 

Assistant Vice President (since 2005), Managing Director (2003-2005), MassMutual; Assistant Vice President (2000-2003), Allmerica Asset Management; Vice President (since 2005), MassMutual Premier Funds

 

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(open-end investment company); Vice President (since 2005), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company); Vice President (since 2005), MML Series Investment Fund II (open-end investment company).

 

John E. Deitelbaum

1295 State Street

Springfield, MA 01111

Age: 39

Officer since 2006

Officer of 85 portfolios in fund complex

  Vice President, Secretary and Chief Legal Officer of the Trust

 

Vice President and Associate General Counsel (since 2006), Second Vice President and Associate General Counsel (2000-2006), MassMutual; Vice President, Clerk and Chief Legal Officer (since 2006), MassMutual Premier Funds (open-end investment company); Vice President, Secretary and Chief Legal Officer (since 2006), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company); Vice President, Clerk and Chief Legal Officer (since 2006), MML Series Investment Fund II (open-end investment company).

 

The table below sets forth information regarding the Trustees’ beneficial ownership of Fund shares, based on the value of such shares as of December 31, 2006.

 

Name of Trustee


 

The Dollar Range of Equity
Securities Beneficially Owned
in the Trust


 

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in All Registered
Investment Companies
Overseen by Trustee in Family of
Investment Companies


Disinterested Trustees

       

Richard H. Ayers

  None   None

Allan W. Blair

  None   $50,001-$100,000

Mary E. Boland

  None   None

Richard W. Greene

  None   None

R. Alan Hunter, Jr.

  None   None

F. William Marshall, Jr.

  None   None

Interested Trustees

       

Frederick C. Castellani

  None   None

Robert E. Joyal

  None   None

 

As of December 31, 2006, the Trustees and officers of the Trust, individually and as a group, beneficially owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of any of the Funds.

 

Except as noted below, to the knowledge of the Trust, as of December 31, 2006, the Disinterested Trustees and their immediate family members did not own beneficially or of record securities of an investment adviser or sponsoring insurance company of the Funds or a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with an investment adviser or sponsoring insurance company of the Funds.

 

As of December 31, 2006, R. Alan Hunter, Jr. owned 1,000 shares of common stock of Goldman Sachs, with a value of approximately $199,350. GSAM, an affiliate of Goldman Sachs, serves as sub-adviser to the Small Cap Core Equity Fund.

 

Each Trustee of the Trust serves until the next meeting of shareholders called for the purpose of electing Trustees and until the election and qualification of his successor or until he dies, resigns or is removed. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless the Trustees determine that it is desirable and in the best interest of the Trust that an exception to the retirement policy of the Trust be made, a Trustee shall retire and cease to serve as a Trustee

 

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upon the conclusion of the calendar year in which such Trustee attains the age of seventy-two years, except that any Trustee who attains the age of seventy-two years during 2007 shall retire and cease to serve as a Trustee on or before December 31, 2009.

 

The Board of Trustees had four regularly scheduled meetings in 2006 and one special meeting.

 

The Trust has an Audit Committee, consisting of Trustees who are not “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust. The Audit Committee, whose members are Messrs. Ayers and Hunter and Ms. Boland, makes recommendations to the Trustees as to the engagement or discharge of the Trust’s independent auditors, supervises investigations into matters relating to audit functions, reviews with the Trust’s independent auditors the results of the audit engagement, and considers the audit fees. In 2006, the Audit Committee met three times.

 

The Trust has a Nominating Committee, consisting of each Trustee who is not an “interested person” of the Trust. There are no regular meetings of the Nominating Committee but rather meetings are held as appropriate. The Nominating Committee met once during 2006. The Nominating Committee evaluates the qualifications of Trustee candidates and nominates candidates to the full Board of Trustees. The Nominating Committee will consider nominees for the position of Trustee recommended by shareholders. Recommendations should be submitted to the Nominating Committee in care of the Secretary of the Trust at 1295 State Street, Springfield, MA 01111. The Nominating Committee also considers candidates from among the Trustees to serve as Chairperson of the Board of Trustees and periodically reviews the compensation of the Trust’s independent trustees.

 

The Nominating Committee will consider and evaluate nominee candidates properly submitted by shareholders of the Trust in the same manner as it considers and evaluates candidates recommended by other sources. A recommendation of a shareholder of the Trust must be submitted as described below to be considered properly submitted for purposes of the Nominating Committee’s consideration. The shareholders of the Trust must submit any such recommendation (a “Shareholder Recommendation”) in writing to the Trust’s Nominating Committee, to the attention of the Secretary, at the address of the principal executive offices of the Trust, which is 1295 State Street, Springfield, MA 01111. The Shareholder Recommendation must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Trust at least 60 calendar days before the date of the meeting at which the Nominating Committee is to select a nominee for Independent Trustee. The Shareholder Recommendation must include: (i) a statement in writing setting forth: (A) the name, age, date of birth, phone number, business address, residence address and nationality of the person recommended by the shareholder (the “Shareholder Candidate”); (B) the class or series and number of all shares of the Trust owned of record or beneficially by the Shareholder Candidate, as reported to such shareholder by the Shareholder Candidate; (C) any other information regarding the Shareholder Candidate called for with respect to director nominees by paragraphs (a), (d), (e) and (f) of Item 401 of Regulation S-K or paragraph (b) of Item 22 of Rule 14a-101 (Schedule 14A) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), adopted by the SEC (or the corresponding provisions of any regulation or rule subsequently adopted by the SEC or any successor agency applicable to the Trust); (D) any other information regarding the Shareholder Candidate that would be required to be disclosed if the Shareholder Candidate were a nominee in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with solicitation of proxies for election of trustees or directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; and (E) whether the recommending shareholder believes that the Shareholder Candidate is or will be an “interested person” of the Trust (as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act) and, if not an “interested person,” information regarding the Shareholder Candidate that will be sufficient for the Trust to make such determination; (ii) the written and signed consent of the Shareholder Candidate to be named as a nominee, consenting to (1) the disclosure, as may be necessary or appropriate, of such Shareholder Candidate’s information submitted in accordance with (i) above and (2) service as a Trustee if elected; (iii) the recommending shareholder’s name as it appears on the Trust’s books, the number of all shares of each series of the Trust owned beneficially and of record by the recommending shareholder; (iv) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the recommending shareholder and the Shareholder Candidate and any other person or persons (including their names) pursuant to which the Shareholder

 

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Recommendation is being made by the recommending shareholder; and (v) such other information as the Nominating Committee may require the Shareholder Candidate to furnish as it may reasonably require or deem necessary to determine the eligibility of such Shareholder Candidate to serve as a Trustee or to satisfy applicable law.

 

The Trust has a Contract Committee, consisting of each Trustee who is not an “interested person” of the Trust. The Contract Committee met twice during 2006. The Contract Committee performs the specific tasks assigned to independent trustees by the 1940 Act, including the periodic consideration of the Trust’s investment management agreements and sub-advisory agreements.

 

The Trust has a Governance Committee, whose members are Messrs. Blair, Castellani, Joyal and Marshall and Ms. Boland. The Governance Committee met twice during 2006. The Governance Committee oversees board governance issues including, but not limited to, the following: (i) to evaluate the board and committee structure and the performance of Trustees, (ii) to consider and address any conflicts and (iii) to consider the retirement policies of the Board.

 

The Trust has an Investment Pricing Committee, consisting of the Chairman, President, Treasurer, Assistant Treasurers, Vice Presidents (except for the CCO), Secretary and Assistant Secretaries of the Trust. The Investment Pricing Committee determines whether market quotations are readily available for securities held by each series of the Trust, determines the fair value of securities held by each series of the Trust for which market quotations are not readily available, and determines the fair value of assets of each series of the Trust which are not held in the form of securities. There are no regular meetings of the Investment Pricing Committee but rather meetings are held as appropriate.

 

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COMPENSATION

 

The Trust, on behalf of each Fund, pays each of its Trustees who is not an officer or employee of MassMutual a fee of $6,800 per quarter plus $3,600 per meeting attended in-person or $1,400 per meeting attended by telephone. Such Trustees who serve on the Audit Committee or the Contract Committee of the Trust are paid an additional fee of $1,400 per meeting attended. Such Trustees who serve on the Nominating Committee or the Governance Committee are paid an additional fee of $700 per meeting attended. The Chairperson of the Board of Trustees is paid an additional fee of $3,425 per quarter. The Chairperson of the Audit Committee is paid an additional fee of $1,400 annually. The Chairpersons of each of the Contract Committee, the Nominating Committee and the Governance Committee are paid an additional fee of $700 annually. In addition, the Trust reimburses out-of-pocket business travel expenses to such Trustees. Trustees who are officers or employees of MassMutual receive no fees from the Trust.

 

Effective as of May 9, 2007, the quarterly fee and in-person meeting fee were changed to $8,200 and $4,300, respectively.

 

Also effective as of May 9, 2007, the additional quarterly fee paid to the Chairperson of the Board of Trustees was changed to $4,125.

 

In addition, retroactive to January 1, 2006, the Chairperson of the Board of Trustees is paid an additional 50% meeting fee for each non-telephonic Board meeting attended by him or her.

 

The following table discloses actual compensation paid to Trustees of the Trust during the 2006 fiscal year. The Trust has no pension or retirement plan, but does have a deferred compensation plan. The plan provides for amounts deferred to be credited a rate of interest set by the Board of Trustees from time to time, currently eight percent (8%). Each of the Trustees also serves as Trustee of one other registered investment company managed by MassMutual, MML Series Investment Fund.

 

Name/Position


   Aggregate Compensation
from the Trust


   Deferred Compensation and
Interest accrued as part of
Fund Expenses


   Total Compensation
from the Trust
and Fund Complex


Richard H. Ayers

   $ —      $ 50,106    $ 72,249

Trustee

                    

Allan W. Blair

   $ 42,700      —      $ 61,500

Trustee

                    

Mary E. Boland

     —      $ 62,952    $ 97,646

Trustee

                    

Richard W. Greene

   $ 53,075      —      $ 76,750

Trustee

                    

R. Alan Hunter, Jr.

   $ —      $ 51,801    $ 77,027

Trustee

                    

Robert E. Joyal

     —      $ 48,380    $ 72,613

Trustee

                    

F. William Marshall, Jr.

   $ 43,400      —      $ 205,500

Trustee

                    

 

Mr. Castellani did not receive compensation.

 

The Trust’s shareholders have the right, upon the declaration in writing or vote of at least two-thirds of the votes represented by its outstanding shares, to remove a Trustee. The Trustees shall call a meeting of shareholders to vote on the removal of a Trustee upon the written request of the record holders of shares representing at least 10% of all of the votes represented by all outstanding shares of the Trust. In addition,

 

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whenever ten or more shareholders of record who have been such for at least six months preceding the date of application, and who hold in the aggregate either shares having a net asset value of at least $25,000 or at least 1% of the Trust’s outstanding shares, whichever is less, shall apply to the Trustees in writing, stating that they wish to communicate with other shareholders with a view to obtaining signatures for a request for a meeting for the purpose of voting upon the question of removal of any Trustee or Trustees and accompanied by the form of communication and request which they wish to transmit, the Trustees shall within five business days after receipt of such application either: (1) afford to such applicants access to a list of the names and addresses of all shareholders as recorded on the books of the Trust; or (2) inform such applicants as to the approximate number of shareholders of record, and the approximate cost of mailing to them the proposed communication and form of request. If the Trustees elect to follow the latter course, the Trustees, upon the written request of such applicants, accompanied by a tender of the material to be mailed and of the reasonable expenses of mailing, shall, with reasonable promptness, mail such material to all shareholders of record at their addresses as recorded on the books of the Trust, unless within five business days after such tender the Trustees shall mail to such applicants and file with the SEC, together with a copy of the material to be mailed, a written statement signed by at least a majority of the Trustees to the effect that in their opinion either such material contains untrue statements of fact or omits to state facts necessary to make the statements contained therein not misleading, or would be in violation of applicable law, and specifying the basis of such opinion.

 

After opportunity for hearing regarding the objections specified in the written statement so filed, the SEC may, and if demanded by the Trustees or by such applicants shall, enter an order either sustaining one or more of such objections, or refusing to sustain any of them. If the SEC shall enter an order refusing to sustain any such objections or if, after the entry of an order sustaining one or more of such objections, the SEC shall find, after notice and opportunity for hearing, that all objections so sustained have been met, and shall enter an order so declaring, the Trustees shall mail copies of such material to all shareholders with reasonable promptness after the entry of such order and the renewal of such tender.

 

On any matters submitted to a vote of shareholders, all shares of the Trust then entitled to vote shall be voted in the aggregate as a single class without regard to series or class, except that: (i) when required by the 1940 Act or when the Trustees shall have determined that the matter affects one or more of the series or classes materially differently, shares will be voted by individual series or class; and (ii) when the Trustees have determined that any matter affects only the interests of one or more series or classes, then only shareholders of such series or class shall be entitled to vote thereon. Shareholder inquiries should be directed to MassMutual Select Funds, Attn: B379, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111.

 

INVESTMENT ADVISER AND SUB-ADVISERS

 

Investment Adviser

 

MassMutual serves as investment adviser to each Fund pursuant to Investment Management Agreements with the Trust on behalf of the Diversified Growth Fund and the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund dated as of December 17, 2007 (collectively the “Advisory Agreements”). Under each Advisory Agreement, MassMutual is obligated to provide for the management of each Fund’s portfolio of securities, subject to policies established by the Trustees of the Trust and in accordance with each Fund’s investment objective, policies and restrictions as set forth herein and in the Prospectus, and has the right to select sub-advisers to the Funds pursuant to investment sub-advisory agreements (the “Sub-Advisory Agreements”).

 

Each Advisory Agreement may be terminated at any time without the payment of any penalty by the Trustees, or by vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund, or by MassMutual, on sixty days’ written notice. In addition, each Advisory Agreement automatically terminates if it is assigned or if its continuance is not specifically approved at least annually (after its initial 2 year period): (1) by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Trustees or by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Fund’s shares, and (2) by an affirmative vote of a

 

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majority of the Trustees who are not “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust. Under the terms of each Advisory Agreement, each Fund recognizes MassMutual’s control of the name “MassMutual” and the Trust agrees that its right to use such name is nonexclusive and can be terminated by MassMutual at any time. MassMutual’s liability regarding its investment management obligations and duties is limited to situations involving its willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of such obligations and duties.

 

MassMutual also serves as investment adviser to: MassMutual Select Strategic Bond Fund, MassMutual Select Strategic Balanced Fund, MassMutual Select Diversified Value Fund, MassMutual Select Fundamental Value Fund, MassMutual Select Value Equity Fund, MassMutual Select Large Cap Value Fund, MassMutual Select Indexed Equity Fund, MassMutual Select Core Opportunities Fund, MassMutual Select Blue Chip Growth Fund, MassMutual Select Large Cap Growth Fund, MassMutual Select Aggressive Growth Fund, MassMutual Select OTC 100 Fund, MassMutual Select Focused Value Fund, MassMutual Select Small Cap Value Equity Fund, MassMutual Select Small Company Value Fund, MassMutual Select Small Cap Core Equity Fund, MassMutual Select Mid-Cap Value Fund, MassMutual Select Mid Cap Growth Equity Fund, MassMutual Select Mid Cap Growth Equity II Fund, MassMutual Select Small Cap Growth Equity Fund, MassMutual Select Small Company Growth Fund, MassMutual Select Emerging Growth Fund, MassMutual Select Diversified International Fund, MassMutual Select Overseas Fund, MassMutual Select Destination Retirement Income Fund, MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2010 Fund, MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2020 Fund, MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2030 Fund and MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2040 Fund, which are other series of the Trust; MassMutual Premier Value Fund, MassMutual Premier Core Bond Fund, MassMutual Premier Small Company Opportunities Fund, MassMutual Premier Balanced Fund, MassMutual Premier Diversified Bond Fund, MassMutual Premier Short-Duration Bond Fund, MassMutual Premier Money Market Fund, MassMutual Premier Inflation-Protected Bond Fund, MassMutual Premier International Equity Fund, MassMutual Premier Core Growth Fund, MassMutual Premier Enhanced Index Core Equity Fund, MassMutual Premier Enhanced Index Growth Fund, MassMutual Premier Enhanced Index Value Fund, MassMutual Premier High Yield Fund, MassMutual Premier Small Capitalization Value Fund, MassMutual Premier Strategic Income Fund, MassMutual Premier Main Street Fund, MassMutual Premier Capital Appreciation Fund, MassMutual Premier Global Fund, MassMutual Premier Discovery Value Fund, MassMutual Premier Focused International Fund and MassMutual Premier Main Street Small Cap Fund, which are series of MassMutual Premier Funds, an open-end management investment company; MML Large Cap Value Fund, MML Equity Index Fund, MML Growth Equity Fund, MML OTC 100 Fund, MML Small Cap Growth Equity Fund, MML Emerging Growth Fund, MML Asset Allocation Fund, MML Blue Chip Growth Fund, MML Concentrated Growth Fund, MML Equity Income Fund, MML Foreign Fund, MML Global Fund, MML Growth & Income Fund, MML Income & Growth Fund, MML Large Cap Growth Fund, MML Mid Cap Growth Fund, MML Mid Cap Value Fund, MML Small Cap Index Fund, MML Small Cap Value Fund, MML Conservative Allocation Fund, MML Balanced Allocation Fund, MML Moderate Allocation Fund, MML Growth Allocation Fund and MML Aggressive Allocation Fund, which are series of MML Series Investment Fund, an open-end management investment company; MML Money Market Fund, MML Inflation-Protected Bond Fund, MML Managed Bond Fund, MML Blend Fund, MML Equity Fund, MML Enhanced Index Core Equity Fund, MML Small Cap Equity Fund and MML Small Company Opportunities Fund, which are series of MML Series Investment Fund II, an open-end management investment company; certain wholly owned subsidiaries of MassMutual; and various employee benefit plans and separate investment accounts in which employee benefit plans invest.

 

The Trust, on behalf of each Fund, pays MassMutual an investment advisory fee monthly, at an annual rate based upon the average daily net assets of that Fund as follows: .70% for the Diversified Growth Fund and .05% for the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund.

 

Investment Sub-Advisers

 

Legg Mason, T. Rowe Price and Wellington Management each act as sub-advisers for the Diversified Growth Fund. Legg Mason is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc., a global asset management firm

 

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structured as a holding company. T. Rowe Price is a wholly-owned subsidiary of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., a publicly traded financial services holding company.

 

Legg Mason also provides sub-advisory services for the MML Concentrated Growth Fund, a series of MML Series Investment Fund, a registered, open-end investment company for which MassMutual serves as investment adviser.

 

T. Rowe Price also provides sub-advisory services for the MassMutual Select Blue Chip Growth Fund, the MassMutual Select Mid Cap Growth Equity II Fund and the MassMutual Select Small Company Value Fund, which are also series of MassMutual Select Funds, and the MML Equity Income Fund, the MML Blue Chip Growth Fund and the MML Mid Cap Growth Fund, which are series of MML Series Investment Fund, a registered, open-end investment company for which MassMutual serves as investment adviser.

 

Wellington Management also provides sub-advisory services for the MassMutual Select Fundamental Value Fund and the MassMutual Select Small Cap Growth Equity Fund, which are also series of MassMutual Select Funds, and the MML Small Cap Growth Equity Fund, a series of MML Series Investment Fund, a registered, open-end investment company for which MassMutual serves as investment adviser.

 

ADMINISTRATOR AND SUB-ADMINISTRATOR

 

MassMutual has entered into an administrative services agreement (the “Administrative Services Agreement”) with the Trust, on behalf of each Fund, pursuant to which MassMutual is obligated to provide all necessary administrative and shareholder services and to bear some expenses of the Funds, such as federal and state registration fees. MassMutual may, at its expense, employ others to supply all or any part of the services to be provided to the Funds pursuant to the Administrative Services Agreement. The Trust, on behalf of each Fund, pays MassMutual an administrative services fee monthly at an annual rate based upon the average daily net assets of the applicable class of shares of the Funds which are .35% and .21% for Class N shares; .30% and .16% for Class A shares; .15% and .06% for Class Y shares; .05% and .01% for Class S shares; and .30% and .16% for Class L shares of the Diversified Growth Fund and the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund, respectively. MassMutual has entered into a sub-administration agreement with State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”). As sub-administrator, State Street generally assists in all aspects of fund administration and is compensated by MassMutual for providing administrative services to the Funds.

 

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THE DISTRIBUTOR

 

The Funds’ shares are continuously distributed by MML Distributors, LLC (the “Distributor”), located at 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001, pursuant to a Principal Underwriter Agreement with the Trust dated as of February 6, 2006, as amended (the “Distribution Agreement”). The Distributor pays commissions to its selling dealers as well as the costs of printing and mailing Prospectuses to potential investors and of any advertising incurred by it in connection with distribution of shares of the Funds. The Distributor is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MassMutual.

 

The Distribution Agreement will continue in effect for an initial two-year period, and thereafter for successive one-year periods, provided that each such continuance is specifically approved (i) by the vote of a majority of the Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the shares of the Trust; and (ii) by a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the Distribution Agreement or interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of any such person, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.

 

The Distributor has also entered into a Sub-Distributor’s Agreement with OppenheimerFunds Distributor, Inc. (the “Sub-Distributor”) dated as of February 7, 2003. The Sub-Distributor is an affiliate of the Distributor and an indirect majority-owned subsidiary of MassMutual.

 

MassMutual may make payments, out of its own assets, to securities dealers and other firms that enter into agreements providing the Distributor with access to representatives of those firms for the sale of shares of the Funds or with other marketing or administrative services with respect to the Funds. These payments may be a specific dollar amount, may be based on the number of customer accounts maintained by a firm, or may be based on a percentage of the value of shares of the Funds sold to, or held by, customers of the firm.

 

CLASS A AND CLASS N DISTRIBUTION AND SERVICE PLANS

 

The Trust has adopted, with respect to the Class A and Class N shares of each Fund, a Distribution and Service Plan and Agreement (the “Plans”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. The Trustees of the Trust, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plans, by vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Plans, approved the Class A and Class N Plans for the Funds on November 6, 2007. Under the terms of each of the Class A Plans, the Trust is permitted to compensate, out of the assets attributable to the Class A shares of a Fund, in an amount up to .25%, in the aggregate, on an annual basis of the average daily net assets attributable to that Class, (i) the Distributor for services provided and expenses incurred by it in connection with the distribution of Class A shares of a Fund (“Distribution Fee”) and (ii) MassMutual for services provided and expenses incurred by it for purposes of maintaining or providing personal services (the “Servicing Fee”) to Class A shareholders. Under the terms of each of the Class N Plans, the Trust is permitted to compensate, out of the assets attributable to the Class N shares of a Fund, (i) a Distribution Fee in an amount up to .25%, in the aggregate, on an annual basis of the average daily net assets attributable to that Class and (ii) a Servicing Fee in an amount up to .25%, in the aggregate, on an annual basis of the average daily net assets attributable to that Class. The Distribution Fee may be spent by the Distributor on any activities or expenses primarily intended to result in the sale of Class A or Class N shares of the Fund, respectively, including, but not limited to, compensation to, and expenses (including overhead and telephone expenses) of, financial consultants or other employees of the Distributor or of participating or introducing brokers who engage in the distribution of Class A or Class N shares, preparing, printing and delivering prospectuses and reports for other than existing Class A or Class N shareholders, providing facilities to answer questions from other than existing Class A or Class N shareholders, advertising and preparation, printing and distribution of sales literature, receiving and answering correspondence, including requests for prospectuses and statements of additional information, and complying with Federal and state securities laws pertaining to the sale of Class A or Class N shares. The Servicing Fee may be spent by MassMutual on personal services rendered to Class A or Class N shareholders of a Fund and/or

 

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maintenance of Class A or Class N shareholder accounts. MassMutual’s Servicing Fee expenditures may include, but shall not be limited to, compensation to, and expenses (including telephone and overhead expenses) of agents or employees of MassMutual or the Distributor, pension consultants or participating or introducing brokers and other financial intermediaries who assist investors in completing account forms and selecting dividend and other account options; who aid in the processing of redemption requests for Class A or Class N shares or the processing of dividend payments with respect to Class A or Class N shares; who prepare, print and deliver prospectuses and shareholder reports to Class A or Class N shareholders; who oversee compliance with federal and state laws pertaining to the sale of Class A or Class N shares; who provide information periodically to Class A or Class N shareholders showing their position in Class A or Class N shares; who issue account statements to Class A or Class N shareholders; who furnish shareholder sub-accounting; who forward communications from a Fund to Class A or Class N shareholders; who render advice regarding particular shareholder account options offered by a Fund in light of shareholder needs; who provide and maintain elective shareholder services; who provide and maintain pre-authorized investment plans for Class A or Class N shareholders; who respond to inquiries from Class A or Class N shareholders relating to such services; and/or who provide such similar services as permitted under applicable statutes, rules or regulations.

 

Each Plan provides that it may not be amended to materially increase the costs which Class A or Class N shareholders may bear under the Plan without the approval of a majority of the outstanding Class A or Class N shares of the Fund.

 

Each Plan provides that it may not take effect until approved by vote of a majority of both (i) the Trustees of the Trust and (ii) the Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of the Trust and have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreements related to it. Each Plan provides that it shall continue in effect so long as such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by (i) the Trustees of the Trust and (ii) the Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of the Trust and have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreements related to it. Each Plan provides that MassMutual shall provide to the Trustees, and the Board shall review at least quarterly, a written report of the amounts so expended and the purposes for which such expenditures were made.

 

CUSTODIAN, DIVIDEND DISBURSING AGENT AND TRANSFER AGENT

 

State Street, located at 200 Clarendon Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116, is the custodian of the Funds’ investments (the “Custodian”) and is the Funds’ transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent (the “Transfer Agent”). As custodian, State Street has custody of the Funds’ securities and maintains certain financial and accounting books and records. The Custodian and the Transfer Agent do not assist in, and are not responsible for, the investment decisions and policies of the Funds.

 

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

Deloitte & Touche LLP, located at 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116, is the Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm.

 

CODES OF ETHICS

 

The Trust, MassMutual, the Distributor, Legg Mason, T. Rowe Price and Wellington Management have each adopted a code of ethics (the “Codes of Ethics”) pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. The Codes of Ethics permit Fund personnel to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by a Fund, for their own accounts, but require compliance with various pre-clearance requirements (with certain exceptions). The Codes of Ethics are on public file with, and are available from, the SEC.

 

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PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

 

For the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund, all orders for the purchase or sale of portfolio securities (normally, shares of Underlying Funds) are placed on behalf of the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund by MassMutual, pursuant to authority contained in the Destination Retirement 2050 Fund’s management contract. The Destination Retirement 2050 Fund will not incur any commissions or sales charges when it invests in Underlying Funds, but it may incur such costs if it invests directly in other types of securities.

 

Purchases and sales of securities on a securities exchange are effected by brokers, and each Fund which purchases or sells securities on a securities exchange pays a brokerage commission for this service. In transactions on stock exchanges in the United States, these commissions are negotiated, whereas on many foreign stock exchanges these commissions are fixed. In the over-the-counter markets, securities are generally traded on a “net” basis with dealers acting as principal for their own accounts without a stated commission, although the price of the security usually includes a profit to the dealer. In underwritten offerings, securities are purchased at a fixed price which includes an amount of compensation to the underwriter, generally referred to as the underwriter’s concession or discount. On occasion, certain money market instruments may be purchased directly from an issuer, in which case no commissions or discounts are paid.

 

The primary consideration in placing portfolio security transactions with broker-dealers for execution is to obtain and maintain the availability of execution at the most favorable prices and in the most effective manner possible. Each Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser attempts to achieve this result by selecting broker-dealers to execute portfolio transactions on the basis of their professional capability, the value and quality of their brokerage services, including anonymity and trade confidentiality, and the level of their brokerage commissions.

 

Under each Management or Sub-Advisory Agreement and as permitted by Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the investment adviser or sub-adviser may cause a Fund to pay a broker-dealer that provides brokerage and research services to the Fund’s investment adviser or sub-adviser an amount of commission for effecting a securities transaction for a Fund in excess of the amount other broker-dealers would have charged for the transaction if the investment adviser or sub-adviser determines in good faith that the greater commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by the executing broker-dealer viewed in terms of either a particular transaction or the investment adviser’s or sub-adviser’s overall responsibilities to the Trust and to its other clients. The term “brokerage and research services” includes: providing advice as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing, or selling securities, and the availability of securities or of purchasers or sellers of securities; furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy and the performance of accounts; and effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental thereto such as clearance and settlement.

 

Research provided by brokers is used for the benefit of all of the investment adviser’s or sub-adviser’s clients and not solely or necessarily for the benefit of the Trust. The investment advisers or sub-advisers attempt to evaluate the quality of Research provided by brokers. Results of this effort are sometimes used by the investment advisers or sub-advisers as a consideration in the selection of brokers to execute portfolio transactions.

 

The investment advisory fee that the Trust pays on behalf of each Fund to MassMutual will not be reduced as a consequence of an investment adviser’s or sub-adviser’s receipt of brokerage and research services. To the extent the Trust’s portfolio transactions are used to obtain such services, the brokerage commissions paid by the Trust will exceed those that might otherwise be paid, by an amount which cannot now be determined, provided that the investment adviser or sub-adviser determines in good faith that such excess amounts are reasonable in relation to the services provided. Such services would be useful and of value to an investment adviser or sub-adviser in serving both the Trust and other clients and, conversely, such services obtained by the placement of brokerage business of other clients would be useful to an investment adviser or sub-adviser in carrying out its obligations to the Trust.

 

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Subject to the overriding objective of obtaining the best execution of orders, the Funds may use broker-dealer affiliates of their respective investment advisers or sub-advisers to effect portfolio brokerage transactions under procedures adopted by the Trustees. Pursuant to these procedures, the commission rates and other remuneration paid to the affiliated broker-dealer must be fair and reasonable in comparison to those of other broker-dealers for comparable transactions involving similar securities being purchased or sold during a comparable time period. This standard would allow the affiliated broker or dealer to receive no more than the remuneration which would be expected to be received by an unaffiliated broker.

 

The Funds may allocate brokerage transactions to broker-dealers (including affiliates of their respective investment advisers or sub-advisers) who have entered into arrangements with the Trust under which the broker-dealer allocates a portion of the commissions paid back to the Fund. The transaction quality must, however, be comparable to that of other qualified broker-dealers.

 

SHAREHOLDER INVESTMENT ACCOUNT

 

A Shareholder Investment Account is established for each investor in the Funds. Each account contains a record of the shares of each Fund maintained by the Transfer Agent. No share certificate will be issued. Whenever a transaction takes place in the Shareholder Investment Account, the investor will be mailed a statement showing the transaction and the status of the account.

 

DESCRIPTION OF SHARES

 

The Trust is a series company. The Trust may issue an unlimited number of shares of multiple classes, in one or more series as the Trustees may authorize, with or without par value as the Trustees may prescribe. Each share of a particular class of a series represents an equal proportionate interest in that series with each other share of the same class, none having priority or preference over another. Each series is preferred over all other series in respect of the assets allocated to that series. Each share of a particular class of a series is entitled to a pro rata share of any distributions declared in respect of that class and, in the event of liquidation, a pro rata share of the net assets of that class remaining after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities. When issued, shares are fully paid and nonassessable and have no preemptive or subscription rights. Under the Trust’s Declaration of Trust, the Board of Trustees is authorized to create new series and classes without shareholder approval. To date shares of thirty-four separate series have been authorized, all of which constitute the interests in the Funds described in the Prospectus. Shares of each Fund entitle their holder to one vote for each dollar (or proportionate fractional vote for each fraction of a dollar) of net asset value per share of each Fund or class for each share held as to any matter on which such shareholders are entitled to vote.

 

Under Massachusetts law, shareholders could, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. However, the Trust’s Declaration of Trust disclaims liability of the shareholders, Trustees, or officers of the Trust for acts or obligations of the Trust, which are binding only on the assets and property of the Trust, and requires that notice of such disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation, or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The Trust’s Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification out of the Trust property for all loss and expense of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is considered remote since it is limited to circumstances in which the disclaimer is inoperative and the Trust itself is unable to meet its obligations.

 

REDEMPTION OF SHARES

 

With respect to each Fund, the Trustees may suspend the right of redemption, postpone the date of payment or suspend the determination of net asset value (a) for any period during which the New York Stock Exchange

 

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(“NYSE”) is closed (other than for customary weekend and holiday closing), (b) for any period during which trading in the markets the Fund normally uses is restricted, (c) when an emergency exists as determined by the SEC so that disposal of the Fund’s investments or a determination of its net asset value is not reasonably practicable, or (d) for such other periods as the SEC by order may permit for the protection of the Trust’s shareholders. While the Trust’s Declaration of Trust would permit it to redeem shares in cash or other assets of the Fund or both, the Trust has filed an irrevocable election with the SEC to pay in cash all requests for redemption received from any shareholder if the aggregate amount of such requests in any 90-day period does not exceed the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of a Fund’s net assets.

 

VALUATION OF PORTFOLIO SECURITIES

 

The net asset value per share of each Fund is determined by the Custodian at the market close (usually 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time), on each day the NYSE is open for trading and the Custodian is open for business. The NYSE currently is not open for trading on New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, President’s Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day and on occasion is closed early or entirely due to weather or other conditions.

 

Equity securities are valued on the basis of valuations furnished by a pricing service, authorized by the Board of Trustees, which provides the last reported sale price for securities listed on a national securities exchange or the official closing price on the NASDAQ National Market System, or in the case of over-the-counter securities not so listed, the last reported bid price. Debt securities (other than short-term obligations with a remaining maturity of sixty days or less) are valued on the basis of valuations furnished by a pricing service, authorized by the Board of Trustees, which determines valuations taking into account appropriate factors such as institutional-size trading in similar groups of securities, yield, quality, coupon rate, maturity, type of issue, trading characteristics and other market data. Money market obligations with a remaining maturity of sixty days or less are valued at amortized cost unless such value does not represent fair value. All other securities and other assets, including futures, options, swaps and debt securities for which the prices supplied by a pricing agent are deemed by MassMutual not to be representative of market values, but excluding money market instruments with a remaining maturity of sixty days or less and including some restricted securities and securities for which no market quotation is available, are valued at fair value in accordance with procedures approved by the Trustees. Securities are typically valued on the basis of valuations furnished by a primary pricing service or, if no such valuation is available, from a secondary pricing service. However, valuation methods approved by the Board of Trustees which are intended to reflect fair value may be used when pricing service information is not readily available or when a security’s value is believed to have been materially affected by a significant event, such as a natural disaster, an economic event like a bankruptcy filing, or a substantial fluctuation in domestic or foreign markets, that has occurred after the close of the exchange or market on which the security is principally traded (for example, a foreign exchange or market). In such a case, the Fund’s value for a security is likely to be different from the last quoted market price or pricing service information. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, it is possible that the value determined for a particular asset may be materially different from the value realized upon such asset’s sale.

 

Portfolio securities traded on more than one U.S. national securities exchange or foreign securities exchange are valued at the last price on the business day as of which such value is being determined at the close of the exchange representing the principal market for such securities. All assets and liabilities expressed in foreign currencies will be converted into U.S. dollars at the mean between the buying and selling rates of such currencies against U.S. dollars last quoted by any major bank. If such quotations are not available, the rate of exchange will be determined in accordance with policies established by the Trustees.

 

Foreign Securities: Because of time zone differences, foreign exchanges and securities markets will usually be closed before the closing of the NYSE. Therefore, the Trust will determine the value of foreign securities as of the closing of those exchanges and securities markets. Events affecting the values of foreign securities, however,

 

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may occasionally occur between the closings of such exchanges and securities markets and the time a Fund determines its net asset value. If an event occurs that a Fund determines materially affects the value of foreign securities during this period, then the Trust will value such securities at fair value as determined in good faith in accordance with procedures adopted by the Trustees. In addition, the Funds may hold portfolio securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges that trade on weekends or other days when the Funds do not accept orders or price their shares. As a result, the value of any such securities held by a Fund may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or redeem that Fund’s shares.

 

The prices of foreign securities are quoted in foreign currencies. The Trust converts the values of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars at the rate of exchange prevailing at the time it determines net asset value. Changes in the exchange rate, therefore, if applicable, will affect the net asset value of shares of a Fund even when there has been no change in the values of the foreign securities measured in terms of the currency in which they are denominated.

 

The proceeds received by each Fund for each issue or sale of its shares, all net investment income, and realized and unrealized gain will be specifically allocated to such Fund and constitute the underlying assets of that Fund. The underlying assets of each Fund will be segregated on the books of account, and will be charged with the liabilities in respect of such Fund and with a share of the general liabilities of the Trust. Expenses with respect to any two or more Funds are to be allocated in proportion to the net asset values of the respective Funds except where allocations of direct expenses can otherwise be fairly made. Each class of shares of a Fund will be charged with liabilities directly attributable to such class, and other Fund expenses are to be allocated in proportion to the net asset values of the respective classes.

 

TAXATION

 

Each Fund intends to qualify each year and elect to be taxed as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify as a “regulated investment company,” a Fund must, among other things: (a) derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities, or foreign currencies, and other income (including, but not limited to, gains from options, futures, or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities, or currencies and (ii) net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined below); (b) distribute with respect to each taxable year at least 90% of the sum of its taxable net investment income, its net tax-exempt income, and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses for such year; and (c) diversify its holdings so that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of cash, cash items, U.S. Government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and other securities limited generally with respect to any one issuer to not more than 5% of the total assets of the Fund and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of its total assets is invested in (x) the securities of any one issuer or two or more issuers which the Fund controls and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses (other than U.S. Government securities), or (y) in the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships (as defined below). If a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company, it will be treated as an ordinary corporation for Federal income tax purposes.

 

In general, for purposes of the 90% gross income requirement described in (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership which would be qualifying income if realized by the regulated investment company. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (defined as a partnership (x) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof; and (y) that derives at least 90% of its income from passive income sources defined in Code Section 7704(d); and (z) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in (a)(i) above) will be treated as qualifying income. In addition, although in general the

 

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passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to regulated investment companies, such rules do apply to a regulated investment company with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership.

 

In addition, for purposes of meeting the diversification requirement described in (c) above, in the case of a Fund’s investment in loan participations, each Fund shall treat both the financial intermediary and the issuer of the underlying loan participation as an issuer. Finally, for purposes of (c) above, the term “outstanding voting securities of such issuer” will include the equity securities of a qualified publicly traded partnership.

 

If a Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment, that Fund will not be subject to federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form of dividends (including capital gain dividends). As a series of a Massachusetts business trust, a Fund under present law will not be subject to any excise or income taxes imposed by Massachusetts.

 

If a Fund were to fail to qualify as a regulated investment company accorded special tax treatment in any taxable year, that Fund would be subject to tax on its taxable income at corporate rates, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including any distributions of net tax-exempt income and net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Some portions of such distributions may be eligible for the dividends received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition, that Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest and make substantial distributions before requalifying as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.

 

Each Fund intends to distribute at least annually to its shareholders all or substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction) and may distribute its net capital gain. Investment company taxable income (which is retained by the Fund) will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. Each Fund may also retain for investment its net capital gain. If a Fund retains any net capital gain, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained, but may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, and (ii) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of a Fund will be increased by an amount equal under current law to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder under clause (ii) of the preceding sentence.

 

Treasury regulations permit a regulated investment company, in determining its investment company taxable income and net capital gain, to elect to treat all or part of any net capital loss, any net long-term capital loss, or any net foreign currency loss incurred after October 31 as if it had been incurred in the next year.

 

A nondeductible excise tax at the rate of 4% will be imposed on the excess, if any, of each Fund’s “required distribution” over its actual distributions in any calendar year. Generally, the “required distribution” is 98% of the Fund’s ordinary income for the calendar year plus 98% of its capital gain net income recognized during the one-year period ending on October 31 (or later, if the Fund is permitted to elect and so elects) plus undistributed amounts from prior years. Each Fund intends to make distributions sufficient to avoid imposition of the excise tax. Distributions declared by a Fund during October, November or December to shareholders of record on a date in any such month and paid by the Fund during the following January will be treated for federal tax purposes as paid by the Fund and received by shareholders on December 31 of the year in which declared.

 

Each Fund distributes its net investment income and capital gains to shareholders as dividends annually to the extent required to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Code and generally to avoid federal income or excise tax. Under current law, a Fund may treat the portion of redemption proceeds paid to redeeming shareholders that represents the redeeming shareholders’ portion of the undistributed investment company

 

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taxable income and net capital gain of the Fund as a distribution of investment company taxable income and net capital gain on the Fund’s tax return. This practice, which involves the use of equalization accounting, will have the effect of reducing the amount of income and gains that the Fund is required to distribute as dividends to shareholders in order for the Fund to avoid federal income tax and excise tax. This practice may also reduce the amount of distributions required to be made to non-redeeming shareholders and the amount of any undistributed income will be reflected in the value of the shares of the Fund; the total return on a shareholder’s investment will not be reduced as a result of the distribution policy. Investors who purchase shares shortly before the record date of a distribution will pay the full price for the shares and then receive some portion of the price back as a taxable distribution.

 

Distributions are taxable to shareholders even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the Fund before a shareholder’s investment (and thus were included in the price the shareholder paid). Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares through a dividend reinvestment plan. A shareholder whose distributions are reinvested in shares will be treated as having received a dividend equal to the fair market value of the new shares issued to the shareholder.

 

Dividends and distributions on a Fund’s shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Fund’s realized income and gains, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when a Fund’s net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized gains may be required to be distributed even when the Fund’s net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.

 

Except in the case of certain shareholders eligible for preferential tax treatment, e.g., qualified retirement or pension trusts, shareholders of each Fund will be subject to federal income taxes on distributions made by the Fund whether received in cash or additional shares of the Fund. Distributions by each Fund of investment income generally will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than by how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares. Distributions of gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Properly designated distributions of long-term capital gains, if any, will be taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gains. Long-term capital gains applicable to individuals have temporarily been reduced—in general, to 15% with lower rates applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% brackets—for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011. For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, distributions of investment income designated by the Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed in the hands of individuals at the rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level.

 

In order for some portion of the dividends received by a Fund shareholder to be “qualified dividend income,” the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Fund’s shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company.

 

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In general, distributions of investment income designated by each Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual, provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to the Fund’s shares. If the aggregate dividends received by a Fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income (excluding net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss), then 100% of the Fund’s dividends (other than dividends properly designated as Capital Gain Dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income.

 

Dividends of net investment income received by corporate shareholders of each Fund will qualify for the 70% dividends received deduction generally available to corporations to the extent of the amount of qualifying dividends received by the Fund from domestic corporations for the taxable year. A dividend received by a Fund will not be treated as a qualifying dividend (1) if the stock on which the dividend is paid is considered to be “debt-financed” (generally, acquired with borrowed funds), (2) if it has been received with respect to any share of stock that the Fund has held for less than 46 days (91 days in the case of certain preferred stock) during the 91-day period beginning on the date which is 45 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date in the case of certain preferred stock) or (3) to the extent that the Fund is under an obligation (pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Moreover, the dividends received deduction may be disallowed or reduced (1) if the corporate shareholder fails to satisfy the foregoing requirements with respect to its shares of a Fund or (2) by application of the Code.

 

A portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations owned by a Fund may not (and interest paid on debt obligations, if any, that are considered for tax purposes to be payable in the equity of the issuer or a related party will not) be deductible to the issuer. This may affect the cash flow of the issuer. If a portion of the interest paid or accrued on certain high yield discount obligations is not deductible, that portion will be treated as a dividend for purposes of the corporate dividends received deduction. In such cases, if the issuer of the high yield discount obligations is a domestic corporation, dividend payments by a Fund may be eligible for the dividends received deduction to the extent of the deemed dividend portion of such accrued interest.

 

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance (and all zero-coupon debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that are acquired by a Fund will be treated as debt obligations that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount (“OID”) is treated as interest income and is included in taxable income (and required to be distributed) over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. In addition, payment-in-kind securities will give rise to income which is required to be distributed and is taxable even though a Fund holding the security receives no interest payment in cash on the security during the year.

 

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance that are acquired by the Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the “accrued market discount” on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in equal daily installments. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt obligations having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

 

Some debt obligations with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance that are acquired by the Fund may be treated as having acquisition discount, or OID in the case of certain types of debt obligations. Generally, the Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt obligations having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.

 

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A Fund that invests in certain debt instruments may required to pay out as an income distribution each year an amount which is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary. The Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event the Fund realizes net capital gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.

 

Investments in debt obligations that are at risk of or in default present special tax issues for a Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when a Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income. These and other related issues will be addressed by a Fund when, and if, it invests in such securities, in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income to preserve its status as a regulated investment company and does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.

 

Each Fund generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable dividends and other distributions paid to and proceeds of share sales, exchanges, or redemptions made by any individual shareholder who fails to furnish the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number (TIN), who has under-reported dividends or interest income, or who fails to certify to the Fund that he or she is a United States person and is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding tax rate is 28% for amounts paid through 2010. The backup withholding tax rate will be 31% for amounts paid after December 31, 2010.

 

Dividends and distributions on Fund shares received shortly after their purchase, although in effect a return of capital, are subject to federal income taxes. Investment income and gains received by a Fund from sources outside the United States might be subject to foreign taxes which are withheld at the source. The effective rate of these foreign taxes cannot be determined in advance because it depends on the specific countries in which its assets will be invested, the amount of the assets invested in each such country and the possible applicability of treaty relief. A Fund’s transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt obligations and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts and forward contracts (and similar instruments) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency concerned.

 

Sales, redemptions and exchanges of each Fund’s shares are taxable events and, accordingly, shareholders subject to federal income taxes may realize gains and losses on these transactions. If shares have been held for more than one year, gain or loss realized will be long-term capital gain or loss, provided the shareholder holds the shares as a capital asset. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable disposition of Fund shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. However, a loss on the sale of shares held for six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any long-term capital gain dividend paid to the shareholder with respect to such shares. Furthermore, no loss will be allowed on the sale of Fund shares to the extent the shareholder acquired identical shares of the same Fund within 30 days prior to the sale of the loss shares or 30 days after such sale. In such case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss. The state and local tax effects of distributions received from a Fund, and any special tax considerations associated with foreign investments of the Fund, should be examined by investors with regard to their own tax situation. Under Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss [with respect to Common Shares] of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the Internal Revenue Service a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all regulated investment companies. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.

 

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If a Fund makes a distribution to you in excess of its current and accumulated “earning and profits” in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of your tax basis in your shares, and thereafter as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces your tax basis in your shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by you of your shares.

 

Dividends and distributions on a Fund’s shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed a Fund’s realized income and gains, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when a Fund’s net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed.

 

If a Fund engages in hedging transactions, including hedging transactions in options, futures contracts, forward contracts, swap agreements, foreign currencies, and straddles, or other similar transactions, it will be subject to special tax rules (including constructive sale, mark-to- market, straddle, wash sale, and short sale rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer losses to the Fund, cause adjustments in the holding periods of the Fund’s securities, convert long-term capital gains into short-term capital gains or convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders. Each Fund will endeavor to make any available elections pertaining to such transactions in a manner believed to be in the best interests of the Fund and will make appropriate entries in its books and records in order to mitigate the effect of these rules.

 

A Fund’s transactions in foreign currency-denominated debt instruments and its hedging activities will likely produce a difference between its book income and its taxable income. If a Fund’s book income exceeds its taxable income, the distribution (if any) of such excess generally will be treated as (i) a dividend to the extent of the Fund’s remaining earnings and profits (including earnings and profits arising from tax-exempt income), (ii) thereafter, as a return of capital to the extent of the recipient’s basis in its shares, and (iii) thereafter, as gain from the sale or exchange of a capital asset. If a Fund’s book income is less than taxable income, the Fund could be required to make distributions exceeding book income to qualify as a regulated investment company that is accorded special tax treatment.

 

Investment by a Fund in “passive foreign investment companies” could subject the Fund to a U.S. federal income tax or other charge on the proceeds from the sale of its investment in such a company; however, this tax can be avoided by making an election to mark such investments to market annually or to treat the passive foreign investment company as a “qualified electing Fund.”

 

A “passive foreign investment company” is any foreign corporation: (i) 75 percent or more of the income of which for the taxable year is passive income, or (ii) the average percentage of the assets of which (generally by value, but by adjusted tax basis in certain cases) that produce or are held for the production of passive income is at least 50 percent. Generally, passive income for this purpose means dividends, interest (including income equivalent to interest), royalties, rents, annuities, the excess of gain over losses from certain property transactions and commodities transactions, and foreign currency gains. Passive income for this purpose does not include rents and royalties received by the foreign corporation from active business and certain income received from related persons.

 

Under federal income tax law, a portion of the difference between the purchase price of securities purchased at a discount in which a Fund has invested and their face value (“original issue discount”) is considered to be income to the Fund each year even though the Fund will not receive cash interest payments from these securities. This original issue discount (imputed income) will make up a part of the net investment income of the Fund which must be distributed to shareholders in order to maintain the qualification of the Fund as a regulated investment company and to avoid federal income tax at the level of the Fund.

 

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Special tax rules apply to investments though defined contribution plans and other tax-qualified plans. Shareholders should consult their tax adviser to determine the suitability of shares of a Fund as an investment through such plans and the precise effect of and investment on their particular tax situation.

 

For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2008, a Fund will not be required to withhold any amounts with respect to distributions of net short-term capital gains in excess of net long-term capital losses that the Fund properly designates nor with respect to distributions of U.S. source interest income that would not be subject to U.S. federal income tax if earned directly by a foreign person. In addition, distributions that are attributable to gain from U.S. real property interests (including interests in REITs that are not “domestically controlled” and U.S. real property holding companies) will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax when paid to a foreign shareholder and will give rise to an obligation on the part of the foreign shareholder to file a U.S. tax return. Gain from the sale of shares of a REIT or RIC that is domestically controlled (generally, a REIT or RIC that is less than 50% owned by foreign persons) or from interests representing 5% or less of a publicly-traded class of shares, however, will not be considered gain from a U.S. real property interest. These provisions first applied to a Fund in its taxable year beginning November 1, 2005.

 

The foregoing discussion of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of investment in the Funds is a general and abbreviated summary based on the applicable provisions of the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations, and other applicable authority currently in effect. For the complete provisions, reference should be made to the pertinent Code sections and regulations. The Code and regulations are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect. This discussion of the federal income tax treatment of the Funds and their shareholders does not describe in any respect the tax treatment of any particular arrangement, e.g., tax-exempt trusts or insurance products, pursuant to which or by which investments in the Funds may be made. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers as to their own tax situation, including possible foreign, state and local taxes.

 

EXPERTS

 

Ropes & Gray LLP, One International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110 serves as counsel to the Trust.

 

GLOSSARY

 

Currency Transactions:    include forward currency contracts, exchange listed currency futures, exchange listed and OTC options on currencies, and currency swaps. A forward currency contract involves a privately negotiated obligation to purchase or sell (with delivery generally required) a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. A currency swap is an agreement to exchange cash flows based on the notional difference among two or more currencies and operates similarly to an interest rate swap.

 

Duration:    indicates how interest rate changes will affect a debt instrument’s price. As a measure of a fixed-income security’s cash flow, duration is an alternative to the concept of “term to maturity” in assessing the price volatility associated with changes in interest rates. Generally, the longer the duration, the more volatility an investor should expect. For example, the market price of a bond with a duration of two years would be expected to decline 2% if interest rates rose 1%. Conversely, the market price of the same bond would be expected to increase 2% if interest rates fell 1%. The market price of a bond with a duration of four years would be expected to increase or decline twice as much as the market price of a bond with a two-year duration. Duration measures a security’s maturity in terms of the average time required to receive the present value of all interest and principal payments as opposed to its term to maturity. The maturity of a security measures only the time until final payment is due; it does not take account of the pattern of a security’s cash flow over time, which would include how cash flow is affected by prepayments and by changes in interest rates. Incorporating a security’s yield,

 

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coupon interest payments, final maturity and option features into one measure, duration is computed by determining the weighted average maturity of a bond’s cash flows, where the present values of the cash flows serve as weights. Determining duration may involve a Fund’s investment adviser’s or sub-adviser’s estimates of future economic parameters, which may vary from actual future values.

 

NRSRO:    means a nationally recognized statistical rating organization. For a description of the ratings of three NRSROs, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group (“S&P”), Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) and Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”), see the Appendix to the SAI. For example, the four investment grade ratings in descending order for debt securities as rated by Moody’s are Aaa, Aa, A and Baa- including Baa3. The four investment grade ratings for debt securities as rated by S&P are AAA, AA, A and BBB- including BBB-. For commercial paper, Moody’s two highest ratings are P-1 and P-2 and S&P’s two highest ratings are A-1 and A-2.

 

U.S. Government Securities:    include obligations issued, sponsored, assumed and guaranteed as to principal and interest by the Government of the United States, its agencies and instrumentalities, and securities backed by such obligations, including FHA/VA guaranteed mortgages.

 

The name MassMutual Select Funds is the designation of the Trustees under a Declaration of Trust dated May 28, 1993, as amended from time to time. The obligations of such Trust are not personally binding upon, nor shall resort be had to the property of any of the Trustees, shareholders, officers, employees or agents of such Trust, but only the property of the relevant Fund shall be bound.

 

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APPENDIX A—DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS

 

Although the ratings of fixed-income securities by S&P, Moody’s and Fitch are a generally accepted measurement of credit risk, they are subject to certain limitations. For example, ratings are based primarily upon historical events and do not necessarily reflect the future. Furthermore, there is a period of time between the issuance of a rating and the update of the rating, during which time a published rating may be inaccurate.

 

The descriptions of the S&P, Moody’s and Fitch’s commercial paper and bond ratings are set forth below.

 

Commercial Paper Ratings:

 

S&P commercial paper ratings are graded into four categories, ranging from A for the highest quality obligations to D for the lowest. Issues assigned the highest rating of A are regarded as having the greatest capacity for timely payment. Issues in this category are further refined with the designations 1, 2, and 3 to indicate the relative degree of safety. The A-1 and A-2 categories are described as follows:

 

  A-1   This designation indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is strong. Those issues determined to possess extremely strong safety characteristics will be noted with a plus (+) sign designation.

 

  A-2   Capacity for timely payment on issues with this designation is satisfactory. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues designated A-1.

 

Moody’s employs three designations, all judged to be investment grade, to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers. The two highest designations are as follows:

 

Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 (or P-1) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-1 (or P-1) repayment ability will normally be evidenced by many of the following characteristics:

 

   

Leading market positions in well-established industries.

 

   

High rates of return on funds employed.

 

   

Conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection.

 

   

Broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation.

 

   

Well-established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

 

Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 (or P-2) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.

 

Fitch’s Short-Term Credit Ratings are graded into six categories, ranging from ‘F-1’ for the highest quality obligations to ‘D’ for the lowest. The F-1 and F-2 categories are described as follows:

 

“F-1”: Indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.

 

“F-2”: A satisfactory capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, but the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings.

 

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Bond Ratings:

 

S&P describes its four highest ratings for corporate debt as follows:

 

AAA Debt rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by S&P. Capacity to pay interest and repay principal is extremely strong.

 

AA Debt rated AA has a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal and differs from the higher rated issues only in a small degree.

 

A Debt rated A has a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in higher rated categories.

 

BBB Debt rated BBB is regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Whereas such debt normally exhibits adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for debt in this category than in higher rated categories.

 

The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

 

Moody’s describes its four highest corporate bond ratings as follows:

 

Aaa Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt-edged.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

 

Aa Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they compose what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.

 

A Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and may be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment in the future.

 

Baa Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

 

Moody’s applies numerical modifiers 1, 2 and 3 in each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa in its corporate bond rating system. The modifier 1 indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category.

 

Fitch describes its four highest long-term credit ratings as follows:

 

AAA—“AAA” ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for timely payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.

 

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AA—“AA” ratings denote a very low expectation of credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for timely payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.

 

A—“A” ratings denote a low expectation of credit risk. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.

 

BBB—“BBB” ratings indicate that there is currently a low expectation of credit risk. The capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is considered adequate, but adverse changes in circumstances and in economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment-grade category.

 

A “+” or “–” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the “AAA” category or to categories below “CCC”.

 

S&P describes its below investment grade ratings for corporate debt as follows:

 

BB, B, CCC, CC, C—Debt rated “BB”, “B”, “CCC”, “CC” and “C” is regarded, on balance, as predominantly speculative with respect to capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation, “BB” indicates the lowest degree of speculation and “C” the highest degree of speculation. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.

 

BB—Debt rated “BB” has less near-term vulnerability to default than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to inadequate capacity to meet timely interest and principal payments. The “BB” rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied “BBB–” rating.

 

B—Debt rated “B” has a greater vulnerability to default but currently has the capacity to meet interest payments and principal repayments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair capacity or willingness to pay interest and repay principal. The “B” rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied “BB” or “BB–” rating.

 

CCC—Debt rated “CCC” has a currently identifiable vulnerability to default, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet timely payment of interest and repayment of principal. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, it is not likely to have the capacity to pay interest and repay principal. The “CCC” rating category is also used for debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied “B” or “B–” rating.

 

CC—The rating “CC” is typically applied to debt subordinated to senior debt that is assigned an actual or implied “CCC” rating.

 

C—The rating “C” is typically applied to debt subordinated to senior debt which is assigned an actual or implied “CCC–” debt rating. The “C” rating may be used to cover a situation where a bankruptcy petition has been filed, but debt service payments are continued.

 

D—Debt rated “D” is in payment default. The “D” rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless S&P believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The “D” rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition if debt service payments are jeopardized.

 

Moody’s describes its below investment grade corporate bond ratings as follows:

 

Ba—Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during other good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

 

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B—Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

 

Caa—Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

 

Ca—Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

 

C—Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

 

Fitch describes its below investment grade long-term credit ratings as follows:

 

BB—“BB” ratings indicate that there is a possibility of credit risk developing, particularly as the result of adverse economic change over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met. Securities rated in this category are not investment grade.

 

B—“B” ratings indicate that significant credit risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is contingent upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.

 

CCC, CC, C—Default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic developments. A “CC” rating indicates that default of some kind appears probable. “C” ratings signal imminent default.

 

DDD, DD, D—The ratings of obligations in this category are based on their prospects for achieving partial or full recovery in a reorganization or liquidation of the obligor. While expected recovery values are highly speculative and cannot be estimated with any precision, the following serve as general guidelines. “DDD” obligations have the highest potential for recovery, around 90%-100% of outstanding amounts and accrued interest. “DD” indicates potential recoveries in the range of 50%-90% and “D” the lowest recovery potential, i.e., below 50%.

 

Entities rated in this category have defaulted on some or all of their obligations. Entities rated “DDD” have the highest prospect for resumption of performance or continued operation with or without a formal reorganization process. Entities rated “DD” and “D” are generally undergoing a formal reorganization or liquidation process; those rated “DD” are likely to satisfy a higher portion of their outstanding obligations, while entities rated “D” have a poor prospect of repaying all obligations.

 

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APPENDIX B—PROXY VOTING POLICIES

 

The following represents the proxy voting policies (the “Policies”) of the MassMutual Select Funds (the “Fund”) with respect to the voting of proxies on behalf of each series of the Fund (the “Series”). It is the general policy of the Fund, and Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (“MassMutual”) as investment manager to the Series, to delegate (with the exception of any “Funds of Funds”) voting responsibilities and duties with respect to all proxies to the investment sub-advisers (the “Sub-Advisers”) of the Series.

 

I.    GENERAL PRINCIPLES

 

In voting proxies, the Sub-Advisers shall be guided by general fiduciary principles and their respective written proxy voting policies. The Sub-Advisers shall act prudently and solely in the best interest of the beneficial owners of the accounts they respectively manage, and for the exclusive purpose of providing benefit to such persons.

 

II.    SUB-ADVISERS

 

1.  The Sub-Advisers shall each have the duty to provide a copy of their written proxy voting policies to MassMutual and the Fund annually. The Sub-Advisers’ written proxy voting policies shall maintain procedures that address potential conflicts of interest.

 

2.  The Sub-Advisers shall each maintain a record of all proxy votes exercised on behalf of each series of the Funds for which they act as investment sub-adviser and shall furnish such records to MassMutual and the Fund annually.

 

3.  The Sub-Advisers shall report proxy votes that deviated from their normal proxy voting policies and any exceptions to their proxy voting policies to MassMutual quarterly.

 

4.  The Sub-Advisers shall provide the Fund and MassMutual with all such information and documents relating to the Sub-Adviser’s proxy voting in a timely manner, as shall be necessary for the Fund and MassMutual to comply with applicable laws and regulations.

 

III.    THE FUND AND MASSMUTUAL

 

1.  The Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund shall annually update the Trustees after a review of the Sub-Advisers’ proxy voting policies and actual voting records.

 

2.  The Trustees of the Fund shall not vote proxies on behalf of the Fund or the Series.

 

3.  MassMutual shall not vote proxies on behalf of the Fund or the Series, except that MassMutual shall vote proxies on behalf of any Funds of Funds for which it serves as investment adviser.

 

Information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available, without charge, upon request, on the MassMutual website at http://www.massmutual.com/retire and on the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

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MASSACHUSETTS MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

Investment Adviser Policies and Procedures Manual

 

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

as Investment Adviser to the Fund of Fund Series of the MassMutual Select Funds,

MassMutual Premier Funds, MML Series Investment Fund and MML Series Investment Fund II

(August 31, 2007)

 

General Overview

 

Policy:

 

It is the policy of MassMutual to fulfill its responsibilities under Rule 206(4)-6 (the “Rule”) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), with respect to its role as investment adviser to each series of the MassMutual Select Funds, MassMutual Premier Funds, MML Series Investment Fund and MML Series Investment Fund II (each, a “Trust”) operating as a “fund of funds” (each a “Fund” and, collectively, the “Funds”). MassMutual will vote proxies for the Funds in a manner intended to be in the best interest of the Funds and to minimize any material conflicts between the interests of MassMutual and the Funds.

 

Background:

 

MassMutual currently serves as investment adviser to each of the Funds. Each Fund currently invests in other series of the Trusts and may also invest in mutual funds advised by OppenheimerFunds Inc., a MassMutual affiliate.

 

MassMutual will vote proxies of the underlying funds held by the Funds in accordance with the following procedure.

 

Procedure:

 

1. When a Fund holds shares of an underlying fund advised by MassMutual, MassMutual will vote in favor of proposals recommended by the underlying fund’s Board of Trustees and by a majority of the Trustees of the underlying fund who are not interested persons of the underlying fund or of MassMutual. However, MassMutual may alternatively, in its discretion, (i) seek instruction from the Fund’s Board of Trustees (or any member or committee thereof (provided that such member, or each member of such committee, as the case may be, is not an interested person of the underlying fund or of MassMutual) delegated authority to provide such instructions to MassMutual) and vote in accordance with such instructions, or (ii) vote in accordance with the recommendation of an independent consultant retained by MassMutual to provide a recommendation, on the basis solely of the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders, as to the matter; provided, however, that prior to taking the action described in clause (ii) above, MassMutual shall first seek and obtain the prior approval of its Registered Investment Advisor Oversight Committee, or, if it is not possible to obtain a quorum of such committee, of two members of the Registered Investment Advisor Oversight Committee.

 

2. When a Fund holds shares of an underlying fund advised by a control affiliate of MassMutual, MassMutual will generally vote the shares held by the Fund in the same proportions (for, against, abstain) as the votes of all other shareholders (other than MassMutual or a control affiliate of MassMutual) of such underlying fund. However, MassMutual may alternatively, in its discretion, (i) seek instruction from the Fund’s Board of Trustees (or any member or committee thereof (provided that such member, or each member of such committee, as the case may be, is not an interested person of the underlying fund or of MassMutual) delegated authority to provide such instructions to MassMutual) and vote in accordance with such instructions, or (ii) vote in accordance with the recommendation of an independent consultant retained by MassMutual to provide a recommendation, on the basis solely of the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders, as to the matter; provided, however, that prior to taking the action described in clause (ii) above, MassMutual shall first seek and obtain the prior approval of its

 

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Registered Investment Advisor Oversight Committee, or, if it is not possible to obtain a quorum of such committee, of two members of the Registered Investment Advisor Oversight Committee.

 

Operating Procedures

 

MassMutual shall exercise its proxy voting responsibility with respect to the Fund through MassMutual Retirement Services Investment Management (“RS Investment Management”).

 

All proxy statements and proxy cards received by a MassMutual employee relating to a Fund are to be immediately forwarded to RS Investment Management for logging and posting of votes.

 

RS Investment Management, acting through the head of Investment Services or the head of Investment Management is responsible for (i) logging, reviewing and casting the vote for all proxies solicited and received with respect to each Fund, (ii) voting such proxies in a manner consistent with these policies and procedures, (iii) documenting the method followed in determining how to cast the vote, and (iv) maintaining the records required by Rule 204-2 under the Advisers Act.

 

Record Retention

 

RS Investment Management will retain for such time periods as set forth in Rule 204-2:

 

   

Copies of all policies and procedures required by the Rule;

 

   

A copy of each proxy statement that MassMutual receives regarding a Fund’s investments;

 

   

A record of each vote cast by MassMutual on behalf of a Fund; and

 

   

A copy of any document created by MassMutual that was material to making a decision how to vote proxies on behalf of a Fund or that memorializes the basis for that decision.

 

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Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc.

 

PROXY VOTING

 

The Firm will exercise its proxy voting responsibilities to serve the best interests of its clients and in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. The Firm recognizes that proxy voting is a valuable right of company shareholders and believes that shareholders are best served by a voting process guided by the principles of preserving and expanding the power of shareholders in areas of corporate governance and allowing responsible management teams to run businesses.

 

Procedures

 

Oversight of Principles and Procedures

 

The Firm’s Chief Investment Officer has full authority to determine the Firm’s proxy voting principles and procedures and vote proxies on behalf of the Firm’s clients. The Chief Investment Officer has delegated oversight and implementation of the proxy voting process, including the principles and procedures that govern it, to the Firm’s Proxy Officers and the Legal and Compliance Department. The Firm will periodically review its existing principles and procedures in light of the Firm’s duties as well as applicable laws and regulations to determine if any changes are necessary.

 

Limitations

 

The Firm recognizes proxy voting as a valuable right of company shareholders. Generally speaking, the Firm will vote all proxies it receives. However, the Firm may refrain from voting in certain circumstances. For instance, the Firm generally intends to refrain from voting a proxy if the company’s shares are no longer held by the Firm’s clients at the time of the meeting. Additionally, the Firm may refrain from voting a proxy if the Firm concludes the potential impact on shareholders’ interests is insignificant while the cost associated with analyzing and voting the proxy may be significant. If the Proxy Administration Officer confirms that shares of a security are on loan as of the record date of the meeting for which a proxy is received, the Firm will be unable to vote those shares for the client. As a general matter, the Firm discourages its clients from loaning the securities the Firm manages.

 

Proxy Administration

 

The Firm will instruct each client custodian to forward proxy materials to the vendor engaged by the Firm to electronically receive ballots and transmit the Firm’s proxy votes, as well as to maintain proxy voting receipts and records (the “Proxy Administration Vendor”). New client custodians will be notified at account inception of their responsibility to deliver proxy materials to the Firm’s Proxy Administration Vendor.

 

Compliance Review

 

A Compliance Officer will review the pending proxies and identify any potential conflicts between the Firm, or its employees, and the Firm’s clients.

 

Identifying Conflicts

 

In identifying conflicts of interest, a Compliance Officer will review the following issues:

 

(i) Whether there are any business or personal relationships between the Firm, or an employee of the Firm, and the officers, directors or shareholder proposal proponents of a company whose securities are held in client accounts that may create an incentive to vote in a manner that is not consistent with the best interests of the Firm’s clients;

 

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(ii) Whether the Firm has any other economic incentive to vote in a manner that is not consistent with the best interests of its clients; and;

 

(iii) Whether the Proxy Officer voting the shares is aware of any business or personal relationship, or other economic incentive that has the potential to influence the manner in which the Proxy Officer votes the shares.

 

Assessing Materiality

 

If it is determined that a conflict exists, the conflict will be deemed to be material if the Compliance Officer determines, in the exercise of reasonable judgment, that the conflict is likely to have an impact on the manner in which the subject shares are voted.

 

If the Compliance Officer determines that the conflict is not material, the proxy issue will be forwarded to the Proxy Officer for voting.

 

If the Compliance Officer determines that the conflict may be material, the following steps will be taken:

 

(i) The Compliance Officer will consult with representatives of the Firm’s senior management to make a final determination of materiality. The Compliance Officer will maintain a record of this determination.

 

(ii) After the determination is made, the following procedures will apply:

 

(a) If the final determination is that the conflict is not material, the proxy issue will be forwarded to the Proxy Officer for voting;

 

(b) If the final determination is that the conflict is material, the following procedures will apply:

 

(1) If the Firm’s Proxy Voting Guidelines (“Guidelines”), a copy of which is included as Schedule 3, definitively address the issues presented for vote, the Firm will vote according to the Guidelines;

 

(2) If the issues presented for vote are not definitively addressed in the Guidelines, the Firm will either (x) follow the vote recommendation of an independent Voting Delegate or (y) disclose the conflict to clients and obtain their consent to vote.

 

Notification to Clients

 

To the extent a client requires notification if a conflict of interest is identified, a Compliance Officer will ensure that notification is carried out in a timely manner.

 

Proxy Officer Duties

 

The Proxy Officer will review proxies and evaluate matters for vote in light of the Firm’s principles and procedures and the Guidelines. The Proxy Officer may seek additional information from the Firm’s Investment Team, company management, independent research services, or other sources to determine how to vote in the best interests of shareholders. Additionally, the Proxy Officer may consult with the Firm’s Chief Investment Officer for guidance on proxy issues. Generally, the Proxy Officer will not consult the Firm’s affiliates during this process. The Firm will maintain all documents that it creates that were material to its process for determining how to vote proxies for its clients or that memorialize the basis for a vote. The Proxy Officer will sign and return to the Proxy Administration Officer all forms indicating the manner in which votes on proxy issues should be cast by the Proxy Administration Officer.

 

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Proxy Administration Officer Duties

 

The Proxy Administration Officer will:

 

(i) Provide custodians with instructions to forward proxies to the Firm’s Proxy Administration Vendor for all clients for whom the Firm is responsible for voting proxies;

 

(ii) When proxy data is received from the Firm’s Proxy Administration Vendor, reconcile the number of shares indicated on the proxy with the Firm’s internal data on shares held as of the record date;

 

a) Other Discrepancies Noted

If any share discrepancies are noted, the Proxy Administration Officer will notify the custodian.

 

1) Manual Voting

 

If the Firm’s Proxy Administration Vendor did not receive a ballot for a client, the Proxy Administration Officer will contact the custodian to obtain a control number and then use the control number to allow the Proxy Administration Vendor to update the ballot, if time permits, or manually vote the shares for that client.

 

(iii) Use best efforts to obtain missing proxies from custodian;

 

(iv) Inform the Legal and Compliance Department and Proxy Administration Officer if the company’s shares are no longer held by Firm clients as of the meeting date;

 

(v) Ensure the Proxy Administration Officer and the Legal and Compliance Department are aware of the timeline to vote a proxy and use best efforts to ensure that votes are cast in a timely manner;

 

(vi) Per instructions from the Proxy Administration Officer or a Compliance Officer, vote proxy issues via the Proxy Administration Vendor’s software, online or via facsimile , and;

 

(vii) Obtain evidence of receipt and maintain records of all proxies voted.

 

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SCHEDULE 3

 

PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES

 

The Firm maintains these proxy-voting guidelines, which set forth the manner in which the Firm generally votes on issues that are routinely presented. Please note that for each proxy vote the Firm takes into consideration its duty to its clients, the specific circumstances of the vote and all other relevant facts available at the time of the vote. While these guidelines provide the framework for voting proxies, ultimately proxy votes are cast on a case-by-case basis. Therefore actual votes for any particular proxy issue may differ from the guidelines shown below.

 

Four principal areas of interest to shareholders:

 

1) Obligations of the Board of Directors

 

2) Compensation of management and the Board of Directors

 

3) Take-over protections

 

4) Shareholders’ rights

 

Proxy Issue


  

Firm Guideline


BOARD OF DIRECTORS

    

Independence of Boards of Directors: majority of unrelated directors, independent of management

  

For

Nominating Process: independent nominating committee seeking qualified candidates, continually assessing directors and proposing new nominees

  

For

Size and Effectiveness of Boards of Directors: Boards must be no larger than 15 members

  

For

Cumulative Voting for Directors

  

For

Staggered Boards

  

Against

Separation of Board and Management Roles (CEO/Chairman)

  

Case-by-Case

Compensation Review Process: compensation committee comprised of outside, unrelated directors to ensure shareholder value while rewarding good performance

  


For

Director Liability & Indemnification: support limitation of liability and provide indemnification

  

For

Audit Process

  

For

Board Committee Structure: audit, compensation, and nominating and/or governance committee consisting entirely of independent directors

  

For

Monetary Arrangements for Directors: outside of normal board activities amts should be approved by a board of independent directors and reported in proxy

  

For

Fixed Retirement Policy for Directors

  

Case-by-Case

Ownership Requirement: all Directors have direct and material cash investment in common shares of Company

  

For

Proposals on Board Structure: (lead director, shareholder advisory committees, requirement that candidates be nominated by shareholders, attendance at meetings)

  


For

Annual Review of Board/CEO by Board

  

For

Periodic Executive Sessions Without Mgmt (including CEO)

  

For

Votes for Specific Directors

  

Case-by-Case

 

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Proxy Issue


  

Firm Guideline


MANAGEMENT AND DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

    

Stock Option and Incentive Compensation Plans:

  

Case-by-Case

Form of Vehicle: grants of stock options, stock appreciation rights, phantom shares and restricted stock

  

Case-by-Case

Price

  

Against plans whose underlying securities are to be issued at less than 100% of the current market value

Re-pricing: plans that allow the Board of Directors to lower the exercise price of options already granted if the stock price falls or under-performs the market

  

Against

Expiry: plan whose options have a life of more than ten years

  

Case-by-Case

Expiry: “evergreen” stock option plans

  

Against

Dilution:

  

Case-by-Case—taking into account value creation, commitment to shareholder-friendly policies, etc.

Vesting: stock option plans that are 100% vested when granted

  

Against

Performance Vesting: link granting of options, or vesting of options previously granted, to specific performance targets

  

For

Concentration: authorization to allocate 20% or more of the available options to any one individual in any one year

  

Against

Director Eligibility: stock option plans for directors if terms and conditions are clearly defined and reasonable

  

Case-by-Case

Change in Control: stock option plans with change in control provisions that allow option holders to receive more for their options than shareholders would receive for their shares

  


Against

Change in Control: change in control arrangements developed during a take-over fight specifically to entrench or benefit management

  

Against

Change in Control: granting options or bonuses to outside directors in event of a change in control

  

Against

Board Discretion: plans to give Board broad discretion in setting terms and conditions of programs

  

Against

Employee Loans: Proposals authorizing loans to employees to pay for stock or options

  

Against

Director Compensation: % of directors’ compensation in form of common shares

  

For

Golden Parachutes

  

Case-by-Case

Expense Stock Options

  

For

Severance Packages: must receive shareholder approval

  

For

Lack of Disclosure about Provisions of Stock-based Plans

  

Against

Reload Options

  

Against

Plan Limited to a Small Number of Senior Employees

  

Against

Employee Stock Purchase Plans

  

Case-by-Case

 

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Proxy Issue


  

Firm Guideline


TAKEOVER PROTECTIONS

    

Shareholder Rights Plans: plans that go beyond ensuring the equal treatment of shareholders in the event of a bid and allowing the corp. enough time to consider alternatives to a bid

  


Against

Going Private Transaction, Leveraged Buyouts and Other Purchase Transactions

  

Case-by-Case

Lock-up Arrangements: “hard” lock-up arrangements that serve to prevent competing bids in a takeover situation

  

Against

Crown Jewel Defenses

  

Against

Payment of Greenmail

  

Against

“Continuing Director” or “Deferred Redemption” Provisions: provisions that seek to limit the discretion of a future board to redeem the plan

  

Against

Change Corporation’s Domicile: if reason for re-incorporation is to take advantage of protective statutes (anti-takeover)

  

Against

Poison Pills: receive shareholder ratification

  

For

Redemption/Ratification of Poison Pill

  

For

SHAREHOLDERS’ RIGHTS

    

Confidential Voting by Shareholders

  

For

Dual-Class Share Structures

  

Against

Linked Proposals: with the objective of making one element of a proposal more acceptable

  

Against

Blank Check Preferred Shares: authorization of, or an increase in, blank check preferred shares

  

Against

Supermajority Approval of Business Transactions: management seeks to increase the number of votes required on an issue above two-thirds of the outstanding shares

  


Against

Increase in Authorized Shares: provided the amount requested is necessary for sound business reasons

  

For

Shareholder Proposals

  

Case-by-Case

Stakeholder Proposals

  

Case-by-Case

Issuance of Previously Authorized Shares with Voting Rights to be Determined by the Board without Prior Specific Shareholder Approval

  

Against

“Fair Price” Provisions: Measures to limit ability to buy back shares from particular shareholder at higher-than-market prices

  

For

Preemptive Rights

  

For

Actions altering Board/Shareholder Relationship Require Prior Shareholder Approval (including “anti-takeover” measures)

  

For

Allow Shareholder action by written consent

  

For

Allow Shareholders to call Special Meetings

  

For

Social and Environmental Issues

  

As recommended by Company Management

Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses

  

Case-by-Case

 

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T. ROWE PRICE PROXY VOTING—PROCESS AND POLICIES

 

T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. and T. Rowe Price International, Inc. recognize and adhere to the principle that one of the privileges of owning stock in a company is the right to vote on issues submitted to shareholder vote—such as election of directors and important matters affecting a company’s structure and operations. As an investment adviser with a fiduciary responsibility to its clients, T. Rowe Price analyzes the proxy statements of issuers whose stock is owned by the investment companies that it sponsors and serves as investment adviser. T. Rowe Price also is involved in the proxy process on behalf of its institutional and private counsel clients who have requested such service. For those private counsel clients who have not delegated their voting responsibility but who request advice, T. Rowe Price makes recommendations regarding proxy voting.

 

Proxy Administration

 

The T. Rowe Price Proxy Committee develops our firm’s positions on all major corporate issues, creates guidelines, and oversees the voting process. The Proxy Committee, composed of portfolio managers, investment operations managers, and internal legal counsel, analyzes proxy policies based on whether they would adversely affect shareholders’ interests and make a company less attractive to own. In evaluating proxy policies each year, the Proxy Committee relies upon our own fundamental research, independent proxy research provided by third parties such as Institutional Shareholder Services and Glass Lewis, and information presented by company managements and shareholder groups.

 

Once the Proxy Committee establishes its recommendations, they are distributed to the firm’s portfolio managers as voting guidelines. Ultimately, the portfolio manager decides how to vote on the proxy proposals of companies in his or her portfolio. Because portfolio managers may have differences of opinion on portfolio companies and their proxies, or their portfolios may have different investment objectives, these factors, among others, may lead to different votes between portfolios on the same proxies. When portfolio managers cast votes that are counter to the Proxy Committee’s guidelines, they are required to document their reasons in writing to the Proxy Committee. Annually, the Proxy Committee reviews T. Rowe Price’s proxy voting process, policies, and voting records.

 

T. Rowe Price has retained Institutional Shareholder Services, an expert in the proxy voting and corporate governance area, to provide proxy advisory and voting services. These services include in-depth research, analysis, and voting recommendations as well as vote execution, reporting, auditing and consulting assistance for the handling of proxy voting responsibility and corporate governance-related efforts. While the Proxy Committee relies upon ISS research in establishing T. Rowe Price’s voting guidelines—many of which are consistent with ISS positions—T. Rowe Price occasionally may deviate from ISS recommendations on general policy issues or specific proxy proposals.

 

Fiduciary Considerations

 

T. Rowe Price’s decisions with respect to proxy issues are made in light of the anticipated impact of the issue on the desirability of investing in the portfolio company. Proxies are voted solely in the interests of the client, Price Fund shareholders or, where employee benefit plan assets are involved, in the interests of plan participants and beneficiaries. Practicalities and costs involved with international investing may make it impossible at times, and at other times disadvantageous, to vote proxies in every instance. For example, we might refrain from voting if we or our agents are required to appear in person at a shareholder meeting or if the exercise of voting rights results in the imposition of trading or other ownership restrictions.

 

Consideration Given Management Recommendations

 

When determining whether to invest in a particular company, one of the key factors T. Rowe Price considers is the quality and depth of its management. As a result, T. Rowe Price believes that recommendations of management on most issues should be given weight in determining how proxy issues should be voted.

 

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T. Rowe Price Voting Policies

 

Specific voting guidelines have been established by the Proxy Committee for recurring issues that appear on proxies, which are available to clients upon request. The following is a summary of the more significant T. Rowe Price policies:

 

Election of Directors

 

T. Rowe Price generally supports slates with a majority of independent directors. We withhold votes for outside directors that do not meet certain criteria relating to their independence or their inability to dedicate sufficient time to their board duties due to their commitment to other boards. We also withhold votes for inside directors serving on compensation, nominating and audit committees and for directors who miss more than one-fourth of the scheduled board meetings. We may also withhold votes from inside directors for the failure to establish a formal nominating committee. T. Rowe Price supports shareholder proposals calling for a majority vote threshold for the election of directors.

 

Executive Compensation

 

Our goal is to assure that a company’s equity-based compensation plan is aligned with shareholders’ long-term interests. While we evaluate most plans on a case-by-case basis, T. Rowe Price generally opposes compensation packages that provide what we view as excessive awards to a few senior executives or that contain excessively dilutive stock option plans. We base our review on criteria such as the costs associated with the plan, plan features, burn rates which are excessive in relation to the company’s peers, dilution to shareholders and comparability to plans in the company’s peer group. We generally oppose plans that give a company the ability to reprice options or to grant options at below market prices. For companies with particularly egregious pay practices we may withhold votes from compensation committee members, the CEO, or even the entire board.

 

Mergers and Acquisitions—T. Rowe Price considers takeover offers, mergers, and other extraordinary corporate transactions on a case-by-case basis to determine if they are beneficial to shareholders’ current and future earnings stream and to ensure that our Price Funds and clients are receiving fair compensation in exchange for their investment.

 

Anti-takeover, Capital Structure and Corporate Governance Issues

 

T. Rowe Price generally opposes anti-takeover measures and other proposals designed to limit the ability of shareholders to act on possible transactions. Such anti-takeover mechanisms include classified boards, supermajority voting requirements, dual share classes and poison pills. We also oppose proposals which give management a “blank check” to create new classes of stock with disparate rights and privileges. We generally support proposals to permit cumulative voting and those that seek to prevent potential acquirers from receiving a takeover premium for their shares. When voting on corporate governance proposals, we will consider the dilutive impact to shareholders and the effect on shareholder rights. We generally support shareholder proposals that call for the separation of the Chairman and CEO positions unless there are sufficient governance safeguards already in place. With respect to proposals for the approval of a company’s auditor, we typically oppose auditors who have a significant non-audit relationship with the company.

 

Social and Corporate Responsibility Issues

 

T. Rowe Price generally votes with a company’s management on social, environmental and corporate responsibility issues unless they have substantial economic implications for the company’s business and operations that have not been adequately addressed by management.

 

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Monitoring and Resolving Conflicts of Interest

 

The Proxy Committee is also responsible for monitoring and resolving possible material conflicts between the interests of T. Rowe Price and those of its clients with respect to proxy voting. We believe that due to the client-focused nature of our investment management business that the potential for conflicts of interests are relatively infrequent. Nevertheless, we have adopted safeguards to ensure that our proxy voting is not influenced by interests other than those of our clients. While membership on the Proxy Committee is diverse, it does not include individuals whose primary duties relate to client relationship management, marketing or sales. Since our voting guidelines are pre-determined by the Proxy Committee using recommendations from ISS, an independent third party, application of the T. Rowe Price guidelines to vote clients’ proxies should in most instances adequately address any possible conflicts of interest. However, for proxy votes inconsistent with T. Rowe Price guidelines, the Proxy Committee reviews all such proxy votes in order to determine whether the portfolio manager’s voting rationale appears reasonable. The Proxy Committee also assesses whether any business or other relationships between T. Rowe Price and a portfolio company could have influenced an inconsistent vote on that company’s proxy. Issues raising possible conflicts of interest are referred to designated members of the Proxy Committee for immediate resolution prior to the time T. Rowe Price casts its vote. With respect to personal conflicts of interest. T. Rowe Price’s Code of Ethics requires all employees to avoid placing themselves in a “compromising position” where their interests may conflict with those of our clients and restricts their ability to engage in certain outside business activities. Portfolio managers or Proxy Committee members with a personal conflict of interest regarding a particular proxy vote must recuse themselves and not participate in the voting decisions with respect to that proxy.

 

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Wellington Management Company, llp

 

Global Proxy Policies and Procedures

 

Introduction

 

Wellington Management Company, llp (“Wellington Management”) has adopted and implemented policies and procedures that it believes are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best economic interests of its clients around the world.

 

Wellington Management’s Proxy Voting Guidelines (the Guidelines), which are incorporated by reference to these Global Proxy Policies and Procedures, set forth the sets of guidelines that Wellington Management uses in voting specific proposals presented by the boards of directors or shareholders of companies whose securities are held in client portfolios for which Wellington Management has voting discretion. While the Guidelines set forth general sets of guidelines for voting proxies, it should be noted that these are guidelines and not rigid rules. Many of the Guidelines are accompanied by explanatory language that describes criteria that may affect our vote decision. The criteria as described are to be read as part of the guideline, and votes cast according to the criteria will be considered within guidelines. In some circumstances, the merits of a particular proposal may cause us to enter a vote that differs from the Guidelines.

 

Statement of Policies

 

As a matter of policy, Wellington Management:

 

  1 Takes responsibility for voting client proxies only upon a client’s written request.

 

  2 Votes all proxies in the best interests of its clients as shareholders, i.e., to maximize economic value.

 

  3 Develops and maintains broad guidelines setting out positions on common proxy issues, but also considers each proposal in the context of the issuer, industry, and country or countries in which its business is conducted.

 

  4 Evaluates all factors it deems relevant when considering a vote, and may determine in certain instances that it is in the best interest of one or more clients to refrain from voting a given proxy ballot.

 

  5 Identifies and resolves all material proxy-related conflicts of interest between the firm and its clients in the best interests of the client.

 

  6 Believes that sound corporate governance practices can enhance shareholder value and therefore encourages consideration of an issuer’s corporate governance as part of the investment process.

 

  7 Believes that proxy voting is a valuable tool that can be used to promote sound corporate governance to the ultimate benefit of the client as shareholder.

 

  8 Provides all clients, upon request, with copies of these Global Proxy Policies and Procedures, the Proxy Voting Guidelines, and related reports, with such frequency as required to fulfill obligations under applicable law or as reasonably requested by clients.

 

  9 Reviews regularly the voting record to ensure that proxies are voted in accordance with these Global Proxy Policies and Procedures and the set of Proxy Voting Guidelines selected by the client from those provided by Wellington Management; and ensures that procedures, documentation, and reports relating to the voting of proxies are promptly and properly prepared and disseminated.

 

Responsibility and Oversight

 

Wellington Management has a Corporate Governance Committee, established by action of the firm’s Executive Committee, that is responsible for the review and approval of the firm’s written Global Proxy Policies

 

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and Procedures and its Proxy Voting Guidelines, and for providing advice and guidance on specific proxy votes for individual issuers. The firm’s Legal Services Department monitors regulatory requirements with respect to proxy voting on a global basis and works with the Corporate Governance Committee to develop policies that implement those requirements. Day-to-day administration of the proxy voting process at Wellington Management is the responsibility of the Corporate Governance Group within the Corporate Operations Department. In addition, the Corporate Governance Group acts as a resource for portfolio managers and research analysts on proxy matters, as needed.

 

Statement of Procedures

 

Wellington Management has in place certain procedures for implementing its proxy voting policies.

 

General Proxy Voting

 

Authorization to Vote

 

Wellington Management will vote only those proxies for which its clients have affirmatively delegated proxy-voting authority.

 

Receipt of Proxy

 

Proxy materials from an issuer or its information agent are forwarded to registered owners of record, typically the client’s custodian bank. If a client requests that Wellington Management votes proxies on its behalf, the client must instruct its custodian bank to deliver all relevant voting material to Wellington Management or its voting agent. Wellington Management, or its voting agent, may receive this voting information by mail, fax, or other electronic means.

 

Reconciliation

 

To the extent reasonably practicable, each public security proxy received by electronic means is matched to the securities eligible to be voted and a reminder is sent to any custodian or trustee that has not forwarded the proxies as due. Although proxies received for private securities, as well as those received in non-electronic format, are voted as received, Wellington Management is not able to reconcile these proxies to holdings, nor does it notify custodians of non-receipt.

 

Research

 

In addition to proprietary investment research undertaken by Wellington Management investment professionals, the firm conducts proxy research internally, and uses the resources of a number of external sources to keep abreast of developments in corporate governance around the world and of current practices of specific companies.

 

Proxy Voting

 

Following the reconciliation process, each proxy is compared against the set of Proxy Voting Guidelines selected by the client, and handled as follows:

 

   

Generally, issues for which explicit proxy voting guidance is provided in the Proxy Voting Guidelines (i.e., “For”, “Against”, “Abstain”) are reviewed by the Corporate Governance Group and voted in accordance with the Proxy Voting Guidelines.

 

   

Issues identified as “case-by-case” in the Proxy Voting Guidelines are further reviewed by the Corporate Governance Group. In certain circumstances, further input is needed, so the issues are forwarded to the relevant research analyst and/or portfolio manager(s) for their input.

 

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Absent a material conflict of interest, the portfolio manager has the authority to decide the final vote. Different portfolio managers holding the same securities may arrive at different voting conclusions for their clients’ proxies.

 

Material Conflict of Interest Identification and Resolution Processes

 

Wellington Management’s broadly diversified client base and functional lines of responsibility serve to minimize the number of, but not prevent, material conflicts of interest it faces in voting proxies. Annually, the Corporate Governance Committee sets standards for identifying material conflicts based on client, vendor, and lender relationships, and publishes those standards to individuals involved in the proxy voting process. In addition, the Corporate Governance Committee encourages all personnel to contact the Corporate Governance Group about apparent conflicts of interest, even if the apparent conflict does not meet the published materiality criteria. Apparent conflicts are reviewed by designated members of the Corporate Governance Committee to determine if there is a conflict, and if so whether the conflict is material.

 

If a proxy is identified as presenting a material conflict of interest, the matter must be reviewed by designated members of the Corporate Governance Committee, who will resolve the conflict and direct the vote. In certain circumstances, the designated members may determine that the full Corporate Governance Committee should convene. Any Corporate Governance Committee member who is himself or herself subject to the identified conflict will not participate in the decision on whether and how to vote the proxy in question.

 

Other Considerations

 

In certain instances, Wellington Management may be unable to vote or may determine not to vote a proxy on behalf of one or more clients. While not exhaustive, the following list of considerations highlights some potential instances in which a proxy vote might not be entered.

 

Securities Lending

 

Wellington Management may be unable to vote proxies when the underlying securities have been lent out pursuant to a client’s securities lending program. In general, Wellington Management does not know when securities have been lent out and are therefore unavailable to be voted. Efforts to recall loaned securities are not always effective, but, in rare circumstances, Wellington Management may recommend that a client attempt to have its custodian recall the security to permit voting of related proxies.

 

Share Blocking and Re-registration

 

Certain countries require shareholders to stop trading securities for a period of time prior to and/or after a shareholder meeting in that country (i.e., share blocking). When reviewing proxies in share blocking countries, Wellington Management evaluates each proposal in light of the trading restrictions imposed and determines whether a proxy issue is sufficiently important that Wellington Management would consider the possibility of blocking shares. The portfolio manager retains the final authority to determine whether to block the shares in the client’s portfolio or to pass on voting the meeting.

 

In certain countries, re-registration of shares is required to enter a proxy vote. As with share blocking, re-registration can prevent Wellington Management from exercising its investment discretion to sell shares held in a client’s portfolio for a substantial period of time. The decision process in blocking countries as discussed above is also employed in instances where re-registration is necessary.

 

Lack of Adequate Information, Untimely Receipt of Proxy Materials, or Excessive Costs

 

Wellington Management may be unable to enter an informed vote in certain circumstances due to the lack of information provided in the proxy statement or by the issuer or other resolution sponsor, and may abstain from

 

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voting in those instances. Proxy materials not delivered in a timely fashion may prevent analysis or entry of a vote by voting deadlines. In addition, Wellington Management’s practice is to abstain from voting a proxy in circumstances where, in its judgment, the costs exceed the expected benefits to clients. Requirements for Powers of Attorney and consularization are examples of such circumstances.

 

Additional Information

 

Wellington Management maintains records of proxies voted pursuant to Section 204-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”), the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and other applicable laws.

 

Wellington Management’s Global Proxy Policies and Procedures may be amended from time to time by Wellington Management. Wellington Management provides clients with a copy of its Global Proxy Policies and Procedures, including the Proxy Voting Guidelines, upon written request. In addition, Wellington Management will make specific client information relating to proxy voting available to a client upon reasonable written request.

 

Dated: April 1, 2007

 

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Global Proxy Voting Guidelines

 

Introduction

 

Upon a client’s written request, Wellington Management Company, llp (“Wellington Management”) votes securities that are held in the client’s account in response to proxies solicited by the issuers of such securities. Wellington Management established these Global Proxy Voting Guidelines to document positions generally taken on common proxy issues voted on behalf of clients.

 

These guidelines are based on Wellington Management’s fiduciary obligation to act in the best economic interest of its clients as shareholders. Hence, Wellington Management examines and votes each proposal so that the long-term effect of the vote will ultimately increase shareholder value for our clients. Wellington Management’s experience in voting proposals has shown that similar proposals often have different consequences for different companies. Moreover, while these Global Proxy Voting Guidelines are written to apply globally, differences in local practice and law make universal application impractical. Therefore, each proposal is evaluated on its merits, taking into account its effects on the specific company in question, and on the company within its industry. It should be noted that the following are guidelines, and not rigid rules, and Wellington Management reserves the right in all cases to vote contrary to guidelines where doing so is judged to represent the best economic interest of its clients.

 

Following is a list of common proposals and the guidelines on how Wellington Management anticipates voting on these proposals. The “(SP)” after a proposal indicates that the proposal is usually presented as a Shareholder Proposal.

 

Voting Guidelines

 

Composition and Role of the Board of Directors

 

   

Election of Directors:    Case-by-Case

Wellington Management believes that shareholders’ ability to elect directors annually is the most important right shareholders have. We generally support management nominees, but will withhold votes from any director who is demonstrated to have acted contrary to the best economic interest of shareholders. We may withhold votes from directors who failed to implement shareholder proposals that received majority support, implemented dead-hand or no-hand poison pills, or failed to attend at least 75% of scheduled board meetings.

 

   

Classify Board of Directors:    Against

We will also vote in favor of shareholder proposals seeking to declassify boards.

 

   

Adopt Director Tenure/Retirement Age (SP):    Against

 

   

Adopt Director & Officer Indemnification:    For

We generally support director and officer indemnification as critical to the attraction and retention of qualified candidates to the board. Such proposals must incorporate the duty of care.

 

   

Allow Special Interest Representation to Board (SP):    Against

 

   

Require Board Independence:    For

Wellington Management believes that, in the absence of a compelling counter-argument or prevailing market norms, at least 65% of a board should be comprised of independent directors, with independence defined by the local market regulatory authority. Our support for this level of independence may include withholding approval for non-independent directors, as well as votes in support of shareholder proposals calling for independence.

 

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Require Key Board Committees to be Independent:    For

Key board committees are the Nominating, Audit, and Compensation Committees. Exceptions will be made, as above, in respect of local market conventions.

 

   

Require a Separation of Chair and CEO or Require a Lead Director:    For

 

   

Approve Directors’ Fees:    For

 

   

Approve Bonuses for Retiring Directors:    Case-by-Case

 

   

Elect Supervisory Board/Corporate Assembly:    For

 

   

Elect/Establish Board Committee:     For

 

   

Adopt Shareholder Access/Majority Vote on Election of Directors (SP):    Case-by-Case

Wellington Management believes that the election of directors by a majority of votes cast is the appropriate standard for companies to adopt and therefore generally will support those proposals that seek to adopt such a standard. Our support for such proposals will extend typically to situations where the relevant company has an existing resignation policy in place for directors that receive a majority of “withhold” votes. We believe that it is important for majority voting to be defined within the company’s charter and not simply within the company’s corporate governance policy.

 

Generally we will not support proposals that fail to provide for the exceptional use of a plurality standard in the case of contested elections. Further, we will not support proposals that seek to adopt a majority of votes outstanding (i.e., total votes eligible to be cast as opposed to actually cast) standard.

 

Management Compensation

 

   

Adopt/Amend Stock Option Plans:    Case-by-Case

 

   

Adopt/Amend Employee Stock Purchase Plans:    For

 

   

Approve/Amend Bonus Plans:    Case-by-Case

In the US, Bonus Plans are customarily presented for shareholder approval pursuant to Section 162(m) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1992 (“OBRA”). OBRA stipulates that certain forms of compensation are not tax-deductible unless approved by shareholders and subject to performance criteria. Because OBRA does not prevent the payment of subject compensation, we generally vote “for” these proposals. Nevertheless, occasionally these proposals are presented in a bundled form seeking 162 (m) approval and approval of a stock option plan. In such cases, failure of the proposal prevents the awards from being granted. We will vote against these proposals where the grant portion of the proposal fails our guidelines for the evaluation of stock option plans.

 

   

Approve Remuneration Policy:    Case-by-Case

 

   

Exchange Underwater Options:    Case-by-Case

Wellington Management may support value-neutral exchanges in which senior management is ineligible to participate.

 

   

Eliminate or Limit Severance Agreements (Golden Parachutes):    Case-by-Case

We will oppose excessively generous arrangements, but may support agreements structured to encourage management to negotiate in shareholders’ best economic interest.

 

   

Shareholder Approval of Future Severance Agreements Covering Senior Executives (SP):    Case-by-Case

We believe that severance arrangements require special scrutiny, and are generally supportive of proposals that call for shareholder ratification thereof. But, we are also mindful of the board’s need for flexibility in recruitment and retention and will therefore oppose limitations on board compensation policy where respect for industry practice and reasonable overall levels of compensation have been demonstrated.

 

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Expense Future Stock Options (SP):     For

 

   

Shareholder Approval of All Stock Option Plans (SP):    For

 

   

Disclose All Executive Compensation (SP):    For

 

Reporting of Results

 

   

Approve Financial Statements:    For

 

   

Set Dividends and Allocate Profits:    For

 

   

Limit Non-Audit Services Provided by Auditors (SP):    Case-by-Case

We follow the guidelines established by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding permissible levels of non-audit fees payable to auditors.

 

   

Ratify Selection of Auditors and Set Their Fees:    Case-by-Case

Wellington Management will generally support management’s choice of auditors, unless the auditors have demonstrated failure to act in shareholders’ best economic interest.

 

   

Elect Statutory Auditors:    Case-by-Case

 

   

Shareholder Approval of Auditors (SP):    For

 

Shareholder Voting Rights

 

   

Adopt Cumulative Voting (SP):    Against

We are likely to support cumulative voting proposals at “controlled” companies (i.e., companies with a single majority shareholder), or at companies with two-tiered voting rights.

 

   

Shareholder Rights Plans:    Case-by-Case

Also known as Poison Pills, these plans can enable boards of directors to negotiate higher takeover prices on behalf of shareholders. However, these plans also may be misused to entrench management. The following criteria are used to evaluate both management and shareholder proposals regarding shareholder rights plans.

 

  We generally support plans that include:
  Shareholder approval requirement
  Sunset provision
  Permitted bid feature (i.e., bids that are made for all shares and demonstrate evidence of financing must be submitted to a shareholder vote).

 

Because boards generally have the authority to adopt shareholder rights plans without shareholder approval, we are equally vigilant in our assessment of requests for authorization of blank check preferred shares (see below).

 

   

Authorize Blank Check Preferred Stock:    Case-by-Case

We may support authorization requests that specifically proscribe the use of such shares for anti-takeover purposes.

 

   

Eliminate Right to Call a Special Meeting:    Against

 

   

Increase Supermajority Vote Requirement:    Against

We likely will support shareholder and management proposals to remove existing supermajority vote requirements.

 

   

Adopt Anti-Greenmail Provision:    For

 

   

Adopt Confidential Voting (SP):    Case-by-Case

We require such proposals to include a provision to suspend confidential voting during contested elections so that management is not subject to constraints that do not apply to dissidents.

 

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Remove Right to Act by Written Consent:    Against

 

Capital Structure

 

   

Increase Authorized Common Stock:    Case-by-Case

We generally support requests for increases up to 100% of the shares currently authorized. Exceptions will be made when the company has clearly articulated a reasonable need for a greater increase.

 

   

Approve Merger or Acquisition:    Case-by-Case

 

   

Approve Technical Amendments to Charter:    Case-by-Case

 

   

Opt Out of State Takeover Statutes:    For

 

   

Authorize Share Repurchase:    For

 

   

Authorize Trade in Company Stock:    For

 

   

Approve Stock Splits:    Case-by-Case

We approve stock splits and reverse stock splits that preserve the level of authorized, but unissued shares.

 

   

Approve Recapitalization/Restructuring:    Case-by-Case

 

   

Issue Stock with or without Preemptive Rights:    For

 

   

Issue Debt Instruments:    Case-by-Case

 

Social Issues

 

   

Endorse the Ceres Principles (SP):    Case-by-Case

 

   

Disclose Political and PAC Gifts (SP):    Case-by-Case

Wellington Management generally does not support imposition of disclosure requirements on management of companies in excess of regulatory requirements.

 

   

Require Adoption of International Labor Organization’s Fair Labor Principles (SP):    Case-by-Case

 

   

Report on Sustainability (SP):    Case-by-Case

 

Miscellaneous

 

   

Approve Other Business:    Against

 

   

Approve Reincorporation:    Case-by-Case

 

   

Approve Third-Party Transactions:    Case-by-Case

 

Dated: April 1, 2007

 

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APPENDIX C—ADDITIONAL PORTFOLIO MANAGER INFORMATION

 

Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc.

 

Robert Hagstrom is the portfolio manager of the Diversified Growth Fund.

 

Other Accounts Managed:  As of September 30, 2007, Mr. Hagstrom served as portfolio manager for five registered investment companies (not including the Diversified Growth Fund) with $3 billion in total assets, one pooled investment vehicle with $110.8 million in total assets, and 23 separate accounts with $2.73 billion in total assets. One of the separate accounts, with assets of $564 million, has a performance based advisory fee.

 

Conflicts of Interest:  The portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibility for multiple accounts, which may include mutual funds, separately managed advisory accounts, commingled trust accounts, offshore funds, and insurance company separate accounts. The management of multiple accounts by the portfolio manager may create the potential for conflicts to arise. For example, even though all accounts in the same investment style are managed similarly, the portfolio manager make investment decisions for each account based on the investment guidelines, cash flows, and other factors that the manager believes are applicable to that account. Consequently, the portfolio manager may purchase (or sell) the same security for multiple accounts at different times. A portfolio manager may also manage accounts whose style, objectives, and policies differ from those of the Fund. Trading activity appropriate for one account managed by the portfolio manager may have adverse consequences for another account managed by the portfolio manager. For example, if an account were to sell a significant position in a security, that sale could cause the market price of the security to decrease, while the Fund maintained its position in the security. A potential conflict may also arise when a portfolio manager is responsible for accounts that have different advisory fees—the difference in the fees may create an incentive for the portfolio manager to favor one account over another, for example, in terms of access to investment opportunities of limited availability. This conflict may be heightened where an account is subject to a performance-based fee. A portfolio manager’s personal investing may also give rise to potential conflicts of interest. Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc. has adopted brokerage, trade allocation, personal investing and other policies and procedures that it believes are reasonably designed to address the potential conflicts of interest described above.

 

Structure of Compensation:  The portfolio manager is paid a fixed base salary and a bonus. Bonus compensation is reviewed annually and is determined by a number of factors, including the annual performance of the portfolio manager’s accounts relative to the S&P 500 Composite Stock Index (with dividends reinvested), the portfolio manager’s performance over various other time periods, the total value of the assets managed by the portfolio manager, the portfolio manager’s contribution to the investment manager’s research process, the profitability of the investment manager and the portfolio manager’s contribution to profitability, and trends in industry compensation levels and practices.

 

One account managed by the portfolio manager pays a performance fee, and thus may pay higher fees if certain performance objectives and other requirements are met. Since the portfolio manager’s compensation structure does consider contribution to firm profitability as one of its criteria, it is possible under certain circumstances that the portfolio manager’s bonus compensation could be more positively impacted by the account that pays a performance fee than it would by achieving the same performance in the Fund or another account. However, investment ideas are generally implemented in all similarly managed accounts at the same time, subject to considerations of each account’s investment guidelines, restrictions, tax considerations, cash balances, liquidity needs, trading costs, and other factors. In addition, the investment manager maintains written policies and procedures to address this potential conflict of interests and ensure that accounts are treated equitably.

 

The portfolio manager is also eligible to receive stock options from Legg Mason based upon an assessment of the portfolio manager’s contribution to the success of the company, as well as employee benefits, including, but not limited to, health care and other insurance benefits, participation in the Legg Mason 401(k) program, and participation in other Legg Mason deferred compensation plans.

 

Ownership of Fund Shares:  None

 

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T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.

 

Information below is as of September 30, 2007.

 

The portfolio manager of the Diversified Growth Fund is Larry J. Puglia.

 

     Number of
Accounts


   Total Assets

Larry J. Puglia

           

Registered investment companies

   13    $ 20,040.0 million

Other pooled investment vehicles

   3    $ 661.6 million

Other accounts

   12    $ 7,576.4 million

Please note that the Diversified Growth Fund is not included in the information listed above.

 

None of the accounts listed above have performance-based fees.

 

Conflicts of Interest:

 

Portfolio managers at T. Rowe Price typically manage multiple accounts. These accounts may include, among others, mutual funds, separate accounts (assets managed on behalf of institutions such as pension funds, colleges and universities, foundations), and commingled trust accounts. Portfolio managers make investment decisions for each portfolio based on the investment objectives, policies, practices and other relevant investment considerations that the managers believe are applicable to that portfolio. Consequently, portfolio managers may purchase (or sell) securities for one portfolio and not another portfolio. T. Rowe Price has adopted brokerage and trade allocation policies and procedures which it believes are reasonably designed to address any potential conflicts associated with managing multiple accounts for multiple clients. Also, as disclosed under the “Portfolio Manager’s Compensation” section, our portfolio managers’ compensation is determined in the same manner with respect to all portfolios managed by the portfolio manager.

 

Compensation:

 

Portfolio manager compensation consists primarily of a base salary, a cash bonus, and an equity incentive that usually comes in the form of a stock option grant. Occasionally, portfolio managers will also have the opportunity to participate in venture capital partnerships. Compensation is variable and is determined based on the following factors.

 

Investment performance over one-, three-, five-, and 10-year periods is the most important input. We evaluate performance in absolute, relative, and risk-adjusted terms. Relative performance and risk-adjusted performance are determined with reference to the broad based index (ex. S&P 500) and an applicable Lipper index (ex. Large-Cap Growth), though other benchmarks may be used as well. Investment results are also compared to comparably managed funds of competitive investment management firms.

 

Performance is primarily measured on a pre-tax basis though tax-efficiency is considered and is especially important for tax efficient funds. It is important to note that compensation is viewed with a long term time horizon. The more consistent a manager’s performance over time, the higher the compensation opportunity. The increase or decrease in a fund’s assets due to the purchase or sale of fund shares is not considered a material factor.

 

Contribution to our overall investment process is an important consideration as well. Sharing ideas with other portfolio managers, working effectively with and mentoring our younger analysts, and being good corporate citizens are important components of our long term success and are highly valued.

 

 

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All employees of T. Rowe Price, including portfolio managers, participate in a 401(k) plan sponsored by T. Rowe Price Group. In addition, all employees are eligible to purchase T. Rowe Price common stock through an employee stock purchase plan that features a limited corporate matching contribution. Eligibility for and participation in these plans is on the same basis as for all employees. Finally, all vice presidents of T. Rowe Price Group, including all portfolio managers, receive supplemental medical/hospital reimbursement benefits.

 

This compensation structure is used for all portfolios managed by the portfolio manager.

 

Ownership of Securities:

 

Portfolio Manager


   MassMutual Fund
Sub-Advised/Managed


   Dollar Range of
Equity Securities
Beneficially Owned


Larry J. Puglia

   MassMutual Select Diversified
Growth Fund
   None

 

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Wellington Management Company, LLP

 

The portfolio managers for the Diversified Growth Fund are Mammen Chally and James A. Rullo.

 

Other Accounts Managed (as of September 30, 2007):

 

     Number Of
Accounts


   Total Assets

Mammen Chally

           

Registered investment companies:

   6    $ 4,527,398,666

Other pooled investment vehicles:

   10    $ 924,043,875

Other accounts:

   19    $ 7,429,742,801

 

     Number Of
Accounts Where
Advisory Fee
is Based
on Fund
Performance


   Total Assets

Mammen Chally

           

Registered investment companies:

   0    $ 0

Other pooled investment vehicles:

   0    $ 0

Other accounts:

   2    $ 850,241,041

 

     Number Of
Accounts


   Total Assets

James A. Rullo

           

Registered investment companies:

   4    $ 3,235,213,180

Other pooled investment vehicles:

   12    $ 1,284,478,312

Other accounts:

   26    $ 13,643,337,247

 

     Number Of
Accounts Where
Advisory Fee
is Based
on Fund
Performance


   Total Assets

James A. Rullo

           

Registered investment companies:

   0    $ 0

Other pooled investment vehicles:

   0    $ 0

Other accounts:

   5    $ 6,197,349,881

 

Please note that the Diversified Growth Fund is not included in the information listed above.

 

Securities Ownership of Portfolio Managers:

 

The portfolio managers do not own shares of the Fund.

 

Description of Compensation:

 

Each Fund pays Wellington Management a fee based on the assets under management of each Fund as set forth in the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreements between Wellington Management and Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company with respect to each Fund. Wellington Management pays its investment professionals out of its total revenues and other resources, including the advisory fees earned with respect to each Fund. The following information is as of the inception of the Fund.

 

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Wellington Management’s compensation structure is designed to attract and retain high caliber investment professionals necessary to deliver high quality investment management services to our clients. Wellington Management’s compensation of Investment Professionals includes a base salary and incentive components. The base salary for Mr. Rullo, a Partner of Wellington Management, is determined by the Managing Partners of the firm. Mr. Rullo’s base salary is generally a fixed amount that may change as a result of an annual review. The base salary for Mr. Chally is determined by his experience and performance in his role as an Investment Professional. Mr. Chally’s base salary is reviewed annually and may be adjusted based on the recommendation of his business manager, using guidelines established by Wellington Management’s Compensation Committee, which has final oversight responsibility for base salaries for employees of the firm. Each Investment Professional is eligible to receive an incentive payment based on the revenues earned by Wellington Management from the Fund and generally each other fund managed by such Investment Professional. Each Investment Professional’s incentive payment relating to the Fund is linked to the gross pre-tax performance of the Fund compared to the Russell 1000 Growth Index over one and three year periods, with an emphasis on three year results. Wellington Management applies similar incentive compensation structures (although the benchmark or peer groups, time periods and rates may differ) to other funds managed by the Investment Professionals, including funds with performance fees. Portfolio based incentives across all portfolios managed by an Investment Professional can, and typically do, represent a significant portion of an Investment Professional’s overall compensation; performance-based incentive compensation varies significantly by individual and can vary significantly from year to year. Some Investment Professionals are also eligible for bonus payments based on their overall contribution to Wellington Management’s business operations. Senior management at Wellington Management may reward individuals as it deems appropriate based on factors other than portfolio performance. Each Partner of Wellington Management is also eligible to participate in a partner-funded tax qualified retirement plan, the contributions to which are made pursuant to an actuarial formula.

 

Fund


 

Benchmark Index and/or Peer Group for Incentive Period


Diversified Growth Fund

 

Russell 1000 Growth Index

 

Description of Material Conflicts:

 

Individual investment professionals at Wellington Management manage multiple accounts for multiple clients. These accounts may include mutual funds, separate accounts (assets managed on behalf of institutions such as pension funds, insurance companies, foundations, or separately managed account programs sponsored by financial intermediaries), bank common trust accounts, and hedge funds. The Diversified Growth Fund’s (the “Fund”) manager listed in the prospectus who is primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund (“Portfolio Manager”) generally manages accounts in several different investment styles. These accounts may have investment objectives, strategies, time horizons, tax considerations, and risk profiles that differ from those of the Fund. The Portfolio Manager makes investment decisions for each account, including the Fund, based on the investment objectives, policies, practices, benchmarks, cash flows, tax and other relevant investment considerations applicable to that account. Consequently, the Portfolio Manager may purchase or sell securities, including IPOs, for one account and not another account, and the performance of securities purchased for one account may vary from the performance of securities purchased for other accounts. Alternatively, these accounts may be managed in a similar fashion to the Fund and thus the accounts may have similar, and in some cases nearly identical, objectives, strategies and/or holdings to that of the Fund.

 

A Portfolio Manager or other investment professionals at Wellington Management may place transactions on behalf of other accounts that are directly or indirectly contrary to investment decisions made on behalf of the Fund, or make investment decisions that are similar to those made for the Fund, both of which have the potential to adversely impact the Fund depending on market conditions. For example, an investment professional may purchase a security in one account while appropriately selling that same security in another account. Similarly, an Investment Professional may purchase the same security for the Fund and one or more other accounts at or about the same time, and in those instances the other accounts will have access to their respective holdings prior to the public disclosure of the Fund’s holdings. In addition, some of these accounts have fee structures, including

 

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performance fees, that are or have the potential to be higher, in some cases significantly higher, than the fees paid by the Fund to Wellington Management. Because incentive payments paid by Wellington Management to the Portfolio Manager are tied to revenues earned by Wellington Management, and where noted, to the performance achieved by the manager in each account, the incentives associated with any given account may be significantly higher or lower than those associated with other accounts managed by the Portfolio Manager. Finally, the Portfolio Manager may hold shares or investments in the other pooled investment vehicles and/or other accounts identified above.

 

Wellington Management’s goal is to meet its fiduciary obligation to treat all clients fairly and provide high quality investment services to all of its clients. Wellington Management has adopted and implemented policies and procedures, including brokerage and trade allocation policies and procedures, which it believes address the conflicts associated with managing multiple accounts for multiple clients. In addition, Wellington Management monitors a variety of areas, including compliance with primary account guidelines, the allocation of IPOs, and compliance with the firm’s Code of Ethics, and places additional investment restrictions on investment professionals who manage hedge funds and certain other accounts. Furthermore, senior investment and business personnel at Wellington Management periodically review the performance of Wellington Management’s Investment Professionals. Although Wellington Management does not track the time an Investment Professional spends on a single account, Wellington Management does periodically assess whether an investment professional has adequate time and resources to effectively manage the investment professional’s various client mandates.

 

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PART C

Information required to be included in Part C is set forth under the appropriate item, so numbered, in Part C to this Registration Statement.

PART C: OTHER INFORMATION

Item 23: Exhibits

Exhibit A: Copy of Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended June 14, 1993.(1)

Exhibit B: Copy of Registrant’s By-Laws, as now in effect.(1)

Exhibit C: None.

Exhibit D:

(1) Copy of Specimen Investment Management Agreement between Registrant and Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (“MassMutual”) on behalf of each of Registrant’s series, incorporated by reference as Exhibit D(1) to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 30, 1999.

(2) Investment Management Agreement between the Trust and MassMutual relating to the Select Diversified Growth Fund is filed herein as Exhibit D(2).

(3) Investment Management Agreement between the Trust and MassMutual relating to the Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund is filed herein as Exhibit D(3).

(4) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Turner Investment Partners, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Select Mid Cap Growth Equity Fund dated as of November 30, 2007 is filed herein as Exhibit D(4).

(5) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Wellington Management Company, LLP with regard to MassMutual Select Mid Cap Growth Equity Fund dated as of November 30, 2007 is filed herein as Exhibit D(5).

(6) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Waddell & Reed Investment Management Company with respect to MassMutual Small Cap Growth Equity Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Small Cap Growth Equity Fund), incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(8) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 30, 1999.

(7) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Davis Selected Advisers, L.P. with respect to MassMutual Select Large Cap Value Fund effective as of November 15, 2005 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(5) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on January 13, 2006.

(8) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Sands Capital Management, Inc. with respect to MassMutual Aggressive Growth Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Aggressive Growth Fund) effective as of February 9, 2004 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(8) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 26 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on February 20, 2004.

 

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(9) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Harris Associates L.P. with respect to MassMutual Focused Value Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Focused Value Fund) effective as of March 26, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(10) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 18 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on October 16, 2001.

(10) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and T. Rowe Price Associates Inc. with respect to MassMutual Mid Cap Growth Equity II Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Mid Cap Growth Equity II Fund) incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(11) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 16 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on February 15, 2001.

(11) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Delaware Management Company with regard to MassMutual Select Emerging Growth Fund dated as of August 7, 2006 (4).

(12) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. with respect to MassMutual Indexed Equity Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Indexed Equity Fund) dated as of January 31, 2003 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(12) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 23 to the Registration Statement Filed via EDGAR on April 29, 2003.

(13) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. with regard to MassMutual OTC 100 Fund (now known as MassMutual Select OTC 100 Fund) dated as of January 31, 2003 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(13) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 23 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 29, 2003.

(14) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Select Blue Chip Growth Fund dated as of February 16, 2006 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(12) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2006.

(15) Amendment to Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Select Blue Chip Growth Fund dated as of November 28, 2007 is filed herein as Exhibit D(15).

(16) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Fidelity Management & Research Company with regard to MassMutual Value Equity Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Value Equity Fund) dated as of May 1, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(16) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 18 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on October 16, 2001.

(17) Amendment to Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Fidelity Management & Research Company with regard to MassMutual Value Equity Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Value Equity Fund) dated as of March 1, 2007 (7).

(18) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Harris Associates L.P. with regard to MassMutual Overseas Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Overseas Fund) dated as of August 6, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(17) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 18 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on October 16, 2001.

(19) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Massachusetts Financial Services Company with regard to MassMutual Select Overseas Fund dated as of September 13, 2005 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(15) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on January 13, 2006.

(20) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Wellington Management Company, LLP with regard to MassMutual Small Cap Growth Equity Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Small Cap Growth Equity Fund) dated as of December 3, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(19) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 19 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on February 20, 2002.

(21) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Alliance Capital Management L.P. (now known as AllianceBernstein L.P.) with regard to MassMutual Large Cap Growth Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Large Cap Growth Fund) dated as of December 31, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(20) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 19 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on February 20, 2002.

 

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(22) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Eagle Asset Management, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Select Small Company Growth Fund dated as of February 17, 2005 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(18) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on January 13, 2006.

(23) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Clover Capital Management, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Small Company Value Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Small Company Value Fund) dated as of December 31, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(22) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 19 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on February 20, 2002.

(24) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Mazama Capital Management, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Small Company Growth Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Small Company Growth Fund) dated as of December 31, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(23) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 19 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on February 20, 2002.

(25) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Small Company Value Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Small Company Value Fund) dated as of December 31, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(24) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 19 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on February 20, 2002.

(26) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Wellington Management Company, LLP with regard to MassMutual Fundamental Value Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Fundamental Value Fund) dated as of December 31, 2001 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(25) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 19 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on February 20, 2002.

(27) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and ClearBridge Advisors, LLC with regard to MassMutual Select Strategic Balanced Fund dated as of November 15, 2006 (5).

(28) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Western Asset Management Company with regard to MassMutual Strategic Balanced Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Strategic Balanced Fund) dated as of December 31, 2003 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(28) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 26 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on February 20, 2004.

(29) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Cooke & Bieler, L.P. with regard to MassMutual Focused Value Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Focused Value Fund), incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(29) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 28 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on July 27, 2004.

(30) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Alliance Capital Management L.P. (now known as AllianceBernstein L.P.) with regard to MassMutual Diversified Value Fund (now known as MassMutual Select Diversified Value Fund) is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(30) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 29 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on October 8, 2004.

(31) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Western Asset Management Company with regard to MassMutual Select Strategic Bond Fund dated as of December 31, 2004 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(27) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 31 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on December 29, 2004.

(32) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Western Asset Management Company Limited with regard to MassMutual Select Strategic Balanced Fund dated as of September 13, 2005 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(28) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on January 13, 2006.

(33) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Western Asset Management Company Limited with regard to MassMutual Select Strategic Bond Fund dated as of September 13, 2005 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(29) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on January 13, 2006.

(34) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and EARNEST Partners, LLC with regard to MassMutual Select Small Company Value Fund dated as of February 17, 2005 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(30) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 34 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on January 13, 2006.

(35) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Victory Capital Management Inc. with regard to MassMutual Select Core Opportunities Fund dated as of March 31, 2006 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(31) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2006.

(36) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and SSgA Funds Management, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Select Small Cap Value Equity Fund dated as of March 31, 2006 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(32) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2006.

(37) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. with regard to MassMutual Select Small Cap Core Equity Fund dated as of March 31, 2006 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(33) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2006.

(38) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Delaware Management Company with regard to MassMutual Select Aggressive Growth Fund dated as of June 1, 2006 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit D(34) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 36 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on June 14, 2006.

(39) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Insight Capital Research & Management, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Select Emerging Growth Fund dated as of August 7, 2006 (4).

(40) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Cooke & Bieler, L.P. with regard to MassMutual Select Mid-Cap Value Fund dated as of August 29, 2006 (4).

(41) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and AllianceBernstein L.P. with regard to MassMutual Select Diversified International Fund dated as of December 14, 2006 (5).

(42) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund dated as of December 17, 2007 is filed herein as Exhibit D(42).

(43) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. with regard to MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund dated as of December 17, 2007 is filed herein as Exhibit D(43).

(44) Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between MassMutual and Wellington Management Company, LLP with regard to MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund dated as of December 17, 2007 is filed herein as Exhibit D(44).

Exhibit E

(1) Principal Underwriter Agreement between the Trust and MML Distributors, LLC dated as of February 6, 2006 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit E(1) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2006.

(2) Sub-Distributor’s Agreement between MML Distributors, LLC and OppenheimerFunds Distributor, Inc. dated as of February 7, 2003 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit E(2) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 23 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 29, 2003.

Exhibit F

Deferred Compensation Plan for Trustees of Registrant, incorporated by reference to Exhibit F of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 15 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on May 1, 2000.

Exhibit G:

(1) Form of Custodian Agreement between Registrant and Investors Bank & Trust Company (“IBT”) (now known as State Street Bank and Trust Company) with respect to each series of the Trust(1)

(2) Specimen Administrative and Shareholder Servicing Agreement between MassMutual and the Trust on behalf of each Registrant’s series, incorporated by reference as Exhibit G(3) to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 30, 1999.

(3) Amendment, dated February 6, 2006, to Administrative and Shareholder Services Agreements is incorporated by reference to Exhibit G(3) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2006.

(4) Amended and Restated Transfer Agency Agreement among the Trust, MassMutual and IBT (now known as State Street Bank and Trust Company), incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 11 to Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 30, 1999.

Exhibit H:

 

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(1) Expense Limitation Agreement between the Trust and MassMutual with respect to the MassMutual Select Strategic Bond Fund, MassMutual Select Indexed Equity Fund, MassMutual Select Blue Chip Growth Fund, MassMutual Select Core Opportunities Fund, MassMutual Select Small Cap Value Equity Fund, MassMutual Select Small Cap Core Equity Fund and MassMutual Select Overseas Fund (6).

(2) Expense Limitation Agreement between the Trust and MassMutual with respect to the MassMutual Select Mid-Cap Value Fund (4).

(3) Expense Limitation Agreement between the Trust and MassMutual with respect to the MassMutual Select Diversified International Fund (5).

(4) Expense Limitation Agreement between the Trust and MassMutual with respect to the MassMutual Select Blue Chip Growth Fund is filed herein as Exhibit H(4).

(5) Expense Limitation Agreement between the Trust and MassMutual with respect to the MassMutual Select Diversified Growth Fund and MassMutual Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund is filed herein as Exhibit H(5).

Exhibit I:

(1) Consent of Ropes & Gray previously filed as Exhibit 10 to Registrant’s Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement filed August 30, 1994.

(2) Opinion of Counsel, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10 of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 filed via EDGAR on February 9, 1998.

(3) Opinion of Counsel, incorporated by reference to Exhibit I(2) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 30, 1999.

(4) Opinion of Counsel and Consent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit I(3) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 15 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on May 1, 2000.

(5) Opinion of Counsel and Consent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit I(4) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 17 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2001.

(6) Opinion of Counsel and Consent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit I(6) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 20 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2002.

(7) Opinion of Counsel and Consent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit I(7) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 25 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on December 30, 2003.

(8) Opinion of Counsel and Consent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit I(8) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 31 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on December 29, 2004.

(9) Opinion of Counsel and Consent, incorporated by reference to Exhibit I(9) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2005.

(10) Opinion of Counsel and Consent is incorporated by reference to Exhibit I(10) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2006.

(11) Opinion of Counsel and Consent (4).

(12) Opinion of Counsel and Consent (5).

(13) Opinion of Counsel and Consent is filed herein as Exhibit I(13).

Exhibit J:

(1) Not Applicable.

(2) Power of Attorney for Richard H. Ayers, Allan W. Blair, Mary E. Boland, Frederick C. Castellani, Richard W. Greene, R. Alan Hunter, Jr., Robert E. Joyal and F. William Marshall, Jr. is incorporated by reference to Exhibit J(2) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2006.

Exhibit K: Not Applicable

Exhibit L: Not Applicable

Exhibit M:

(1) Form of Class A Distribution and Service (Rule 12b-1) Plan for all series of the Trust incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 13 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on June 29, 1999.

(2) Form of Class Y Rule 12b-1 Plans, incorporated by reference as Exhibit M(4) to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 30, 1999

(3) Form of Class L Rule 12b-1 Plans, incorporated by reference as Exhibit M(5) to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 11 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 30, 1999

(4) Form of Class S Rule 12b-1 Plans, incorporated by reference to Exhibit M(4) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 17 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on April 30, 2001.

(5) Form of Class N Rule 12b-1 Plans, incorporated by reference to Exhibit M(5) of Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 21 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on October 15, 2002.

Exhibit N:

 

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Amended and Restated Rule 18f-3 Plan effective as of December 17, 2007 is filed herein as Exhibit N.

Exhibit O: Not Applicable

Exhibit P:

(1) Code of Ethics for Davis Selected Advisers, L.P. (2).

(2) Code of Ethics for Waddell & Reed Investment Management Company (6).

(3) Code of Ethics for Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, MML Distributors, LLC and MassMutual Select Funds (5).

(4) Code of Ethics for Northern Trust Investments, N.A. (2).

(5) Code of Ethics for Delaware Management Company (6).

(6) Code of Ethics for T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (2).

(7) Code of Ethics for Fidelity Management & Research Company (6).

(8) Code of Ethics for Harris Associates L.P. (6).

(9) Code of Ethics for Turner Investment Partners, Inc. is filed herein as Exhibit P(9).

(10) Code of Ethics for Victory Capital Management Inc. (6).

(11) Code of Ethics for Clover Capital Management, Inc. (6).

(12) Code of Ethics for AllianceBernstein L.P. (5).

(13) Code of Ethics for Mazama Capital Management, Inc. (6).

(14) Code of Ethics for Wellington Management Company, LLP. (6).

(15) Code of Ethics for Cooke & Bieler, L.P. (6).

(16) Code of Ethics for Sands Capital Management, Inc. (3).

(17) Code of Ethics for ClearBridge Advisors, LLC (6).

(18) Code of Ethics for Western Asset Management Company (6).

(19) Code of Ethics for EARNEST Partners, LLC (2).

(20) Code of Ethics for Eagle Asset Management, Inc. (6).

(21) Code of Ethics for SSgA Funds Management, Inc. (3).

(22) Code of Ethics for Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. (3).

(23) Code of Ethics for Massachusetts Financial Services Company (6).

(24) Code of Ethics for Insight Capital Research & Management, Inc. (6).


(1) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on October 2, 1997.

 

(2) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 33 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2005.

 

(3) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 35 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 31, 2006.

 

(4) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 37 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on August 24, 2006.

 

(5) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on December 13, 2006.

 

(6) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on March 30, 2007.

 

(7) Incorporated by reference to Registrant’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 42 to the Registration Statement filed via EDGAR on October 3, 2007.

 

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Item 24: Person Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Fund

At the date of this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement, Registrant did not, directly or indirectly, control any person. Registrant was organized by MassMutual primarily to offer investors both the opportunity to pursue long-term investment goals and the flexibility to respond to changes in their investment objectives and economic and market conditions. Currently, the Registrant provides a vehicle for the investment of assets of various separate investment accounts established by MassMutual. The assets in such separate accounts are, under state law, assets of the life insurance companies which have established such accounts. Thus, at any time MassMutual and its life insurance company subsidiaries will own such outstanding shares of Registrant’s series as are purchased with separate account assets. As a result, MassMutual will own a substantial number of the shares of Registrant, probably for a number of years. MassMutual owned more than 25% of the outstanding shares of each series of the Trust and therefore is deemed to “control” each such series of the Trust within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”).

The following entities are, or may be deemed to be, controlled by MassMutual through the direct or indirect ownership of such entities’ stock.

 

  1. CM Assurance Company, a Connecticut corporation that operated as a life and health insurance company, all the stock of which was owned by MassMutual. This subsidiary was dissolved as of December 28, 2006.

 

  2. CM Benefit Insurance Company, a Connecticut corporation that operated as a life and health insurance company, all the stock of which was owned by MassMutual. This subsidiary was dissolved as of December 28, 2006.

 

  3. C.M. Life Insurance Company, a Connecticut corporation that operates as a life and health insurance company, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual.

 

  4. MML Bay State Life Insurance Company, a Connecticut corporation that operates as a life and health insurance company, all the stock of which is owned by C.M. Life Insurance Company.

 

  5. The MassMutual Trust Company, a federally chartered stock savings bank that performs trust services, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual.

 

  6. MML Distributors, LLC, a Connecticut limited liability company that operates as a securities broker-dealer. MassMutual has a 99% ownership interest and MassMutual Holding LLC has a 1% ownership interest.

 

  7. MassMutual Holding LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as a holding company for certain MassMutual entities, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual.

 

  8. MassMutual Funding LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that issues commercial paper, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  9. MassMutual Owners Association, Inc., a Massachusetts company authorized to conduct sales and marketing operations, all the stock of which was owned by MassMutual. This subsidiary has been dissolved.

 

  10. MassMutual Assignment Company, a North Carolina corporation that operates a structured settlement business, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  11. MML Investors Services, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation that operates as a securities broker-dealer, all the capital stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  12. MML Insurance Agency, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation that operates as an insurance broker, all the stock of which is owned by MML Investors Services, Inc.

 

  13. MMLISI Financial Alliances, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as a securities broker-dealer, all the stock of which is owned by MML Investors Services, Inc.

 

  14. MassMutual Holding MSC, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation that operates as a holding company for MassMutual positions in investment entities organized outside of the United States. This subsidiary qualifies as a “Massachusetts Security Corporation” under Chapter 63 of the Massachusetts General Laws. MassMutual Holding LLC owns all of the outstanding shares of MassMutual Holding MSC, Inc.

 

  15. MassMutual Corporate Value Limited, a Cayman Islands corporation, 46% of the shares of which are owned by MassMutual Holding MSC, Inc.

 

  16. MassMutual Corporate Value Partners Limited, a Cayman Islands corporation that operates as a high yield bond fund. MassMutual Corporate Value Limited holds an ownership interest of approximately 88.4% in MassMutual Corporate Value Partners Limited.

 

  17. 9048-5434 Quebec, Inc., a Canadian corporation that operated as the owner of Hotel du Parc in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. MassMutual Holding MSC, Inc. owned all the shares of 9048-5434 Quebec, Inc. This subsidiary is inactive.

 

  18. 1279342 Ontario Limited, a Canadian corporation that operates as the owner of Deerhurst Resort in Huntsville, Ontario, Canada. MassMutual Holding MSC, Inc. owns all of the shares of 1279342 Ontario Limited.

 

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  19. Cornerstone Real Estate Advisers LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as an investment adviser, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  20. MML Realty Management Corporation, a Massachusetts corporation that formerly operated as a manager of properties owned by MassMutual, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  21. Cornerstone Office Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that serves as the general partner of Cornerstone Suburban Office, L.P. Cornerstone Office Management, LLC is 50% owned by Cornerstone Real Estate Advisers, LLC and 50% owned by MML Realty Management Corporation.

 

  22. Cornerstone Suburban Office, LP, a Delaware limited partnership, that operates as a real estate operating company. Cornerstone Office Management, LLC holds a 1% general partnership interest in this fund and MassMutual holds a 30% limited partnership interest.

 

  23. Babson Capital Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as an investment adviser, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  24. Charter Oak Capital Management, Inc., a Delaware corporation that formerly operated as a manager of institutional investment portfolios. Babson Capital Management LLC owned 100% of the capital stock of Charter Oak Capital Management, Inc. This entity has been dissolved.

 

  25. Babson Capital Securities Inc (formerly Babson Securities Corporation), a Massachusetts corporation that operates as a securities broker-dealer, all of the stock of which is owned by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  26. Babson Investment Company, a Massachusetts securities corporation used to hedge certain employee benefit obligations of Babson Capital Management LLC, all of the stock of which is owned by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  27. FITech Asset Management, L.P. (“AM”), a Delaware Limited Partnership, formed to manage FITech Domestic Value, L.P. (“the Fund”), a “fund-of-funds” that invests in hedge funds. Babson Capital Management LLC is a limited partner in AM, with a 58% controlling interest.

 

  28. FITech Domestic Partners, LLC (“DP”), a Delaware limited liability company that is a general partner of FITech Asset Management, L.P. (“AM”). Babson Capital Management LLC is a limited partner in DP, holding a 58% controlling interest.

 

  29. Leland Fund Multi G.P., Ltd. (“Multi”) is a corporation that acts as the general partner to several entities that comprise the hedge fund known as Leland, all the stock of which is owned by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  30. Babson Capital Japan KK, formerly known as MassMutual Investment Management Company, a Japanese registered investment adviser, all the stock of which is owned by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  31. Babson Capital Management Inc., a Delaware corporation that holds a real estate license, all the stock of which is owned by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  32. Babson Capital Guernsey Limited, an investment management company organized under the laws of the Isle of Guernsey, all the stock of which is owned by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  33. Babson Capital Europe Limited (formerly known as Duke Street Capital Debt Management of London), an institutional debt-fund manager organized under the laws of England and Wales, all the stock of which is owned by Babson Capital Guernsey Limited.

 

  34. Almack Holding Partnership GP Limited, an English company that will serve as a general partner of each of Almack Leveraged 1 LP, Almack Unleveraged 1 LP, Almack Leveraged 2 LP and Almack Unleveraged 2 LP, all the stock of which is owned by Babson Capital Europe Limited.

 

  35. Almack Mezzanine Fund Limited, an English company that will serve as general partner of Almack Mezzanine Founder LP and Almack Mezzanine 1 LP, all the stock of which is owned by Babson Capital Europe Limited.

 

  36. Oppenheimer Acquisition Corp. (“OAC”), a Delaware corporation that operates as a holding company for the Oppenheimer companies. MassMutual Holding LLC owns 97.9% of the capital stock of OAC.

 

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  37. OppenheimerFunds, Inc. (“OFI”), a Colorado corporation that operates as the investment adviser to the Oppenheimer Funds, all the stock of which is owned by OAC.

 

  38. Centennial Asset Management Corporation, a Delaware corporation that operates as investment adviser and general distributor of the Centennial Funds. OppenheimerFunds, Inc. owns all of the stock of Centennial Asset Management Corporation.

 

  39. OppenheimerFunds Distributor, Inc., a New York corporation that operated as a securities broker-dealer, all the stock of which was owned by OppenheimerFunds, Inc.

 

  40. Oppenheimer Partnership Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation that operated as a holding company, all the stock of which was owned by OppenheimerFunds, Inc. This entity has been dissolved.

 

  41. Oppenheimer Real Asset Management, Inc., a Delaware corporation that is the sub-adviser to a mutual fund investing in the commodities markets, all the stock of which is owned by OppenheimerFunds, Inc.

 

  42. Shareholder Financial Services, Inc., a Colorado corporation that operates as a transfer agent for mutual funds, all the stock of which is owned by OppenheimerFunds, Inc.

 

  43. Shareholder Services, Inc., a Colorado corporation that operates as a transfer agent for various Oppenheimer Funds and MassMutual Funds, all the stock of which is owned by OppenheimerFunds, Inc.

 

  44. OFI Private Investments, Inc., a New York based corporation that operates as a registered investment adviser, managing smaller separate accounts, commonly known as wrap-fee accounts, which are introduced by unaffiliated broker-dealers on a subadvisory basis for a stated fee. OppenheimerFunds, Inc. owns all of the stock of OFI Private Investments, Inc.

 

  45. OFI Institutional Asset Management, Inc. (formerly known as OAM Institutional, Inc.), a New York based corporation that operates as a registered investment adviser, providing investment supervisory services on a discretionary basis to individual accounts, pension plans, insurance company separate accounts, public funds and corporations for a stated fee. OppenheimerFunds, Inc. owns all of the stock of OFI Institutional Asset Management, Inc.

 

  46. Trinity Investment Management Corporation, a Pennsylvania corporation and registered investment adviser that provides portfolio management and equity research services primarily to institutional clients, all the stock of which is owned by OFI Institutional Asset Management, Inc.

 

  47. OFI Trust Company (formerly known as Oppenheimer Trust Company), a New York corporation that conducts the business of a trust company, all the stock of which is owned by OFI Institutional Asset Management, Inc.

 

  48. HarbourView Asset Management Corporation, a New York corporation that operates as an investment adviser, all the stock of which is owned by OFI Institutional Asset Management, Inc.

 

  49. OppenheimerFunds International Distributor Limited, a Hong Kong mutual fund marketing company that is a subsidiary of OFI Institutional Asset Management, Inc. OppenheimerFunds, Inc. holds a 90% ownership interest and OFI Institutional Asset Management, Inc. holds a 10% ownership interest in OppenheimerFunds (Asia) Limited.

 

  50. OppenheimerFunds International, Ltd. (“OFIL”), a wholly owned subsidiary of OppenheimerFunds, Inc. (“OFI”), is the manager of OppenheimerFunds Real Asset Futures plc and OppenheimerFunds plc, each a Dublin-based investment company for which OFI provides portfolio management services as investment adviser.

 

  51. Tremont Group Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as Tremont Capital Management, Inc. which was (formerly Tremont Advisers, Inc.)), a New York-based investment services provider that specializes in hedge funds, all the stock of which is owned by Oppenheimer Acquisition Corp.

 

  52. Tremont (Bermuda), Ltd., a Bermuda-based investment adviser, all the stock of which is owned by Tremont Group Holdings, Inc.

 

  53. Tremont Partners, Inc. (formerly Tremont Advisers, Inc.), a Connecticut corporation that operates as a registered investment adviser, all the stock of which is owned by Tremont Group Holdings, Inc.

 

  54. Tremont Capital Management Limited, a company based in the United Kingdom, all the stock of which is owned by Tremont Group Holdings, Inc.

 

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  55. Tremont Securities, Inc., a New York Company that acts as a registered broker-dealer, all the stock of which is owned by Tremont Group Holdings, Inc.

 

  56. Tremont Capital Management Corp., a New York Company, 77% of which is owned by Tremont Group Holdings, Inc.

 

  57. Tremont Capital Management (Asia) Limited, a Hong Kong Company, all the stock of which is owned by Tremont Group Holdings, Inc.

 

  58. Tremont Capital Management (Ireland) Limited, the manager of an Irish umbrella trust that manages a series of non-U.S. strategy based funds, all the stock of which is owned by Tremont Group Holdings, Inc.

 

  59. HYP Management LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as the “LLC Manager” of MassMutual High Yield Partners II LLC, a high yield bond fund. MassMutual Holding LLC owns all of the outstanding stock of HYP Management LLC.

 

  60. MassMutual High Yield Partners II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as a high yield bond fund. MassMutual holds approximately 2.49%, MMHC Investment LLC holds approximately 34.11% and HYP Management, Inc. holds approximately 6.82% for an approximate total of 43.42% of the ownership interest in MassMutual High Yield Partners II LLC.

 

  61. MassMutual Benefits Management, Inc. (formerly known as Westheimer 335 Suites, Inc.), a Delaware corporation that supports MassMutual with benefit plan administration and planning services. MassMutual Holding LLC owns all of the outstanding stock of MassMutual Benefits Management, Inc.

 

  62. MMHC Investment LLC (formerly known as MMHC Investment, Inc.), a Delaware limited liability company that is a passive investor in MassMutual/Darby CBO LLC, MassMutual High Yield Partners II, LLC and other MassMutual investments. MassMutual Holding LLC owns all of the outstanding stock of MMHC Investment LLC.

 

  63. MassMutual/Darby CBO, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as a fund investing in high yield debt securities of U.S. and emerging market issuers. Babson Capital Management LLC is the Investment Manager. MassMutual owns 1.79%, MMHC Investment LLC owns 50% and MassMutual High Yield Partners LLC owns 2.39% of the ownership interest in MassMutual/Darby CBO LLC.

 

  64. MassMutual International LLC (formerly known as MassMutual International, Inc.), a Delaware corporation that operates as a holding company for those entities constituting MassMutual’s international insurance operations, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  65. MassMutual (Bermuda) Ltd., a corporation organized in Bermuda that operates as an exempted insurance company, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual International LLC

 

  66. MassMutual Europe, S.A., a corporation organized in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg that operates as a life insurance company, 99.99% of which is owned by MassMutual International LLC and .01% of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  67. MassMutual Asia Limited, a corporation organized in Hong Kong that operates as a life insurance company, 99.99% of which is owned by MassMutual International LLC and .01% of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  68. MassMutual Insurance Consultants Limited, a corporation organized in Hong Kong that operates as a general insurance agent, 99.99% of which is owned by MassMutual Asia Limited and .01% is owned by MassMutual Services Limited.

 

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  69. MassMutual Trustees Limited, a corporation organized in Hong Kong that operates as an approved trustee for the mandatory provident funds. MassMutual Asia Limited, MassMutual Services Limited (in trust for MassMutual Asia Limited), MassMutual Guardian Limited (in trust for MassMutual Asia Ltd.), Kenneth Yu (in trust for MassMutual Asia Ltd.) and Protective Capital (International) Limited each hold a 20% ownership interest in MassMutual Trustees Limited.

 

  70. Protective Capital (International) Limited, a corporation organized in Hong Kong that is a dormant investment company, 99.99% of which is owned by MassMutual Asia Limited, .01% by Jones Leung and .01% by Ling Sau Lei. Protective Capital (International) Limited currently holds a 6.38% ownership interest in MassMutual Life Insurance Company in Japan.

 

  71. MassMutual Services Limited, a corporation organized in Hong Kong that provided policyholders with estate planning services. MassMutual Asia Limited holds a 50% interest and Protective Capital (International) Limited holds a 50% interest in MassMutual Services Limited. This company is now inactive.

 

  72. MassMutual Guardian Limited, a corporation organized in Hong Kong that provided policyholders with estate planning services. MassMutual Asia Limited holds a 50% interest and Protective Capital (International) Limited holds a 50% interest in MassMutual Guardian Limited. This company is now inactive.

 

  73. MassMutual Asia Investors Limited, a Hong Kong company that provides investment advisory services, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Asia Limited.

 

  74. MassMutual International Holding MSC, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation that currently acts as a holding company for the interests of MassMutual International LLC in Taiwan, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual International LLC.

 

  75. MassMutual Mercuries Life Insurance Co., a Taiwan corporation that operates as a life insurance company. MassMutual International Holding MSC, Inc. and Mercuries Group each hold a 39.01% ownership interest in MassMutual Mercuries Life Insurance Co. and 21.98% is owned by other shareholders.

 

  76. Fuh Hwa Securities Investment Trust Co. Ltd., a mutual fund firm in Taiwan. MassMutual Mercuries Life Insurance Company holds a 30.71% ownership interest, MassMutual International Holding MSC, Inc. holds a 21.14% ownership interest, Mercuries-Jeantex holds a 8.25% ownership interest, Mercuries-Fubao holds a 9.60% ownership interest, Mercuries & Associates, Ltd. holds a 3.29% ownership interest, Bank SinoPac holds a 4.63% ownership interest, Fuh Hwa employees hold a 10.09% ownership interest and other shareholders hold a 12.29% ownership interest.

 

  77. MassMutual Life Insurance Company, a Japanese corporation that operates as a life insurance company. MassMutual International LLC owns 80.03%, MassMutual Real Estate Co., Ltd. owns 7.64%, Protective Capital (International) Limited owns 6.38%, MassMutual Asia Limited owns 5.94% and MassMutual Life Insurance Company owns 0.02% of the outstanding shares of MassMutual Life Insurance Company (Japan).

 

  78. MM Real Estate Co., Ltd., a Japanese entity that holds and manages real estate. MassMutual Life Insurance Company (Japan) holds a 4.8% ownership interest and MassMutual International LLC holds a 95% ownership interest in MM Real Estate Co., Ltd.

 

  79. MassMutual Internacional (Chile) Limitada, a corporation organized in the Republic of Chile that operates as a holding company. MassMutual International LLC holds a 79.43% ownership interest, 1279342 Ontario Limited holds a 20.5% ownership interest and MassMutual Holding LLC holds a .07% ownership interest in MassMutual Internacional (Chile) Limitada.

 

  80. MassMutual (Chile) Limitada, a limited liability company organized in the Republic of Chile. MassMutual Internacional (Chile) Limitada holds a 99.99% ownership interest and MassMutual International LLC holds a .01% ownership interest in MassMutual (Chile) Limitada.

 

  81. Compañia de Seguros Vida Corp S.A., (formerly Mass Seguros de Vida, S.A.) a corporation organized in the Republic of Chile that operates as an insurance company. MassMutual Internacional (Chile) Limitada owns 33.49%, Corp Group Vida Chile S.A. owns 37.48% and Corp Group Interhold S.A. owns 29.03% of the outstanding shares of Compañia de Seguros Vida Corp S.A.

 

  82. MML Financial, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as a holding company, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  83. MML Investment Products, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company licensed to carry on any lawful business purpose or activity not restricted by the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, all the stock of which is owned by MML Financial, LLC. This company primarily makes investments.

 

  84. MMLA UK Limited, a limited liability company organized under the laws of England and Wales, all the stock of which is owned by MML Financial, LLC. This entity has been dissolved.

 

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  85. MML Assurance, Inc., a New York insurance company, all the stock of which is owned by MML Financial, LLC.

 

  86. MML Financial Products, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that is authorized to carry on any lawful business purpose or activity not restricted by the Delaware Limited Liability Act, all the stock of which is owned by MML Financial, LLC. This company primarily enters into derivatives transactions in the form of credit default swaps. This entity is no longer in existence.

 

  87. Invicta Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that acts as a holding company, all the stock of which is owned by MML Financial, LLC.

 

  88. Invicta Advisors LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that will serve as the management entity of Invicta Credit LLC, all the stock of which is owned by Invicta Holdings LLC.

 

  89. Invicta Capital LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that will guarantee the obligations of Invicta Credit LLC, all the stock of which is owned by Invicta Holdings LLC.

 

  90. Invicta Credit LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that will operate as a credit derivative product company selling credit protection using credit default swaps, all the stock of which is owned by Invicta Capital LLC.

 

  91. MassMutual Baring Holding, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that will act as a holding company for certain MassMutual subsidiaries, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC.

 

  92. MassMutual Holdings (Bermuda) Ltd., a Bermuda company that acts as a holding company for certain MassMutual subsidiaries, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Baring Holding, LLC.

 

  93. Baring Asset Management Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales that acts an investment manager/adviser, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holdings (Bermuda) Ltd.

 

  94. Baring Asset Management Life Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales that acts as an authorized representative of NNUK under Section 44 of the Financial Services Act of 1986, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management Limited.

 

  95. Baring Fund Managers Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales that acts as a manager of BAM UK Collective Investment Schemes, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management Limited.

 

  96. Baring International Investment Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales that acts as an investment manager/adviser, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management Limited.

 

  97. Baring Pension Trustees Limited, a company organized under the laws of England and Wales that acts as a trustee for the pension scheme covering UK-based employees of Baring Asset Management Limited, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management Limited.

 

  98. Baring Private Investment Management Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management Limited. This is a non-trading company.

 

  99. Baring International Investment Management Holdings Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales that acts as an intermediate holding company, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management Limited.

 

  100. Baring Investment Services Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales that acts as a service company which supports all the BAM Group operating companies within the UK, all the stock of which is owned by Baring International Investment Management Holdings Limited.

 

  101. Baring Asset Management GmbH, a company incorporated under the laws of Germany that provides marketing and client services regarding investment funds and other asset management products of the BAM group, all the stock of which is owned by Baring International Investment Management Holdings Limited.

 

  102. Baring France S.A.S. (formerly known as Baring Asset Management France S.A.), a company incorporated under the laws of France that handles distribution and client services for qualified investors, all the stock of which is owned by Baring International Investment Management Holdings Limited.

 

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  103. Baring Investment Administrative Services (South Africa) Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of South Africa, all the stock of which is owned by Baring International Investment Management Holdings Limited. The company was incorporated to serve as the South African Representative Office for selected collective investment schemes as contemplated in the Regulations made pursuant to Section 37A(1) of the Units Trusts Control Act, 1981, as amended.

 

  104. Baring International Investment Management Limited, an intermediate holding company organized in Hong Kong, all the stock of which is owned by Baring International Investment Management Holdings Limited.

 

  105. Baring Mutual Fund Management S.A., a company organized in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg that acts as the manager of the New Russia Fund, all the stock of which is owned by Baring International Investment Management Limited.

 

  106. Baring Asset Management UK Holdings Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales that acts as an intermediate holding company, all the stock of which is owned by Baring International Investment Management Limited.

 

  107. Baring Asset Management (CI) Limited, an investment management company organized under the laws of the Isle of Guernsey, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management UK Holdings Limited.

 

  108. Baring International Fund Managers (Ireland) Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Ireland that acts as a manager of BAM Irish Collective Investment Schemes and Funds, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management UK Holdings Limited.

 

  109. Baring Mutual Fund Management (Ireland) Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Ireland that acts as an investment adviser, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management UK Holdings Limited.

 

  110. Baring Sice (Taiwan) Limited, a regulated company organized in Taiwan, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management UK Holdings Limited.

 

  111. Baring Asset Management (Asia) Holdings Limited, an intermediate holding company organized in Hong Kong, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management UK Holdings Limited.

 

  112. Baring Asset Management (Asia) Limited, a company organized in Hong Kong that acts as an investment adviser, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management (Asia) Holdings Limited.

 

  113. Baring International Fund Managers (Bermuda) Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Bermuda that acts as a trustee of Baring Korea Trust Fund Ltd.’s undistributed funds, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management (Asia) Holdings Limited.

 

  114. Baring Asset Management (Japan) Limited, a company organized in Japan that acts as an investment adviser, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management (Asia) Holdings Limited.

 

  115. Baring Asset Management (Australia) Pty Limited, an investment adviser incorporated under the laws of Australia, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management (Asia) Holdings Limited.

 

  116. Baring Asset Management Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation that acts as an intermediate holding company, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Baring Holding LLC.

 

  117. Baring Asset Management, Inc., a Massachusetts corporation that acts as an investment adviser, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management Holdings, Inc.

 

  118. Baring Investment Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation that acts as a captive broker-dealer, all the stock of which is owned by Baring Asset Management Holdings, Inc.

 

  119. Golden Retirement Resources, Inc., a Delaware corporation that develops insurance-related products, all the stock of which is owned by MassMutual Holding LLC. This entity has been dissolved.

 

  120. MassMutual Capital Partners LLC, a Delaware single-member limited liability company. MassMutual Holding LLC is the sole member.

 

  121. MML Series Investment Fund, a Massachusetts business trust that operates as an open-end investment company. All shares issued by the Trust are owned by MassMutual and certain of its affiliates.

 

  122. MML Series Investment Fund II, a Massachusetts business trust that operates as an open-end investment company. All shares issued by MML Series Investment Fund II are owned by MassMutual and certain of its affiliates.

 

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  123. MassMutual Select Funds, a Massachusetts business trust that operates as an open-end investment company. The majority of shares are owned by MassMutual.

 

  124. MassMutual Premier Funds, a Massachusetts business trust that operates as an open-end investment company. The majority of shares are owned by MassMutual.

 

  125. Panorama Series Fund, Inc., a Maryland corporation that operates as an open-end investment company. All shares issued by the fund are owned by MassMutual and certain affiliates.

 

  126. Oppenheimer Series Fund Inc., a Maryland corporation that operates as an investment company of which MassMutual and its affiliates own a majority of certain series of shares issued by the fund.

 

  127. Somers CDO, Limited, a Cayman Islands corporation that operates as a fund investing in high yield debt securities of primarily U.S. issuers. MMHC Investment LLC holds 37.04% of the subordinated notes of this issue, which are treated as equity for tax purposes. MassMutual is the collateral manager of Somers CDO, Limited. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser.

 

  128. Saar Holdings CDO, Limited, a Cayman Islands corporation that operates as a collateralized debt obligation fund investing in high yield debt securities of primarily US issuers including, to a limited extent, convertible high yield bonds. MMHC Investment LLC holds 40% of the mandatorily redeemable preferred shares if this issuer. Such preferred shares are treated as equity for tax purposes. MassMutual is the collateral manager of Saar Holdings CDO, Limited. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser.

 

  129. Perseus CDO I, Limited is a Cayman Islands corporation that operates as a collateralized debt obligation fund investing in a diversified portfolio of assets including high yield bonds, senior secured loans, a limited amount of equity securities and certain other assets. MMHC Investment LLC holds 33.4% of the Class D subordinated notes issued by Perseus CDO I Limited. Such notes are treated as equity for tax purposes. MassMutual is the portfolio manager and Perseus Advisors, L.L.C. is the portfolio advisor of Perseus CDO I, Limited. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser.

 

  130. MassMutual Global CBO I Limited is a Cayman Island Corporation that operates as a collateralized bond obligation fund investing in emerging market securities and high yield bonds. As of the closing date of this fund (June 16, 1999), MassMutual and its indirect subsidiary, MMHC Investment LLC, hold in the aggregate approximately 39.7% of the subordinated notes that are treated as equity for tax purposes. MassMutual is the Collateral Manager of MassMutual Global CBO I Limited. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser.

 

  131. Antares Funding L.P. is a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that invests primarily in high yield bank loans and public high yield bonds. Antares Capital Corporation, formerly an indirect subsidiary of MassMutual, is the collateral manager of Antares Funding LP. Antares Capital Corporation manages the selection, acquisition and disposition of the Loan Collateral Debt Securities. MassMutual manages the High Yield Collateral Debt Securities and Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser.

 

  132. Simsbury CLO Limited is a Cayman Islands corporation that operates as a collateralized bond obligations fund that invests primarily in bank loans and high yield bonds. MassMutual is investment adviser and Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser. MassMutual and its affiliated subsidiaries own 34.35% of the Junior Subordinated Notes.

 

  133. Enhanced Mortgage-Backed Securities Fund Limited is a special purpose company incorporated with limited liability in the Cayman Islands, investing primarily in mortgage-backed securities. Babson Capital Management LLC is the investment manager. MassMutual holds all of the Class B notes and has covenanted to hold at least 25% of the aggregate principal amount of the Class C Certificates directly or through a wholly owned affiliate.

MassMutual or Babson Capital acts as the investment adviser of the following investment companies, and as such may be deemed to control them.

 

  1. MML Series Investment Fund II, a Massachusetts business trust that operates as an open-end investment company. All shares issued by MML Series Investment Fund II are owned by MassMutual and certain of its affiliates. MassMutual acts as adviser for MML Series Investment Fund II and Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser to certain series.

 

  2. MassMutual Premier Funds, a Massachusetts business trust that operates as an open-end investment company. All shares issued by the Trust are owned by MassMutual. MassMutual acts as adviser for each series and Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser to certain series. OppenheimerFunds, Inc. and Baring International Investment Limited also act as sub-advisers to certain series.

 

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  3. MassMutual Corporate Investors (“CI”), a Massachusetts business trust that operates as a closed-end investment company. Babson Capital Management LLC is the investment adviser to CI.

 

  4. MassMutual Participation Investors (“PI”), a Massachusetts business trust which operates as a closed end investment company. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as the investment adviser to PI.

 

  5. Antares Funding L.P. is a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that invests primarily in high yield bank loans and public high yield bonds. Antares Capital Corporation, formerly an indirect subsidiary of MassMutual, is the collateral manager of Antares Funding LP. Antares Capital Corporation manages the selection, acquisition and disposition of the Loan Collateral Debt Securities. MassMutual manages the High Yield Collateral Debt Securities and Babson Capital Management LLC acts a sub-adviser.

 

  6. MassMutual Corporate Value Partners Limited, a Cayman Islands corporation that operates as a high-yield bond fund. MassMutual Corporate Value Limited holds an ownership interest of approximately 88.4% in MassMutual Corporate Value Partners Limited.

 

  7. MassMutual High Yield Partners II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as a high yield bond fund. MassMutual holds approximately 2.49%, MMHC Investment LLC holds approximately 34.11%, and HYP Management, Inc. holds approximately 6.82% for an approximate total of 43.42% of the ownership interest in this company.

 

  8. MassMutual/Darby CBO, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as a fund investing in high yield debt securities of U.S. and emerging market issuers. Babson Capital Management LLC is the Investment Manager. MassMutual holds 1.79%, MMHC Investment LLC holds 50% and MassMutual High Yield Partners LLC holds 2.39% of the ownership interest in MassMutual/Darby CBO, LLC.

 

  9. Somers CDO, Limited, a Cayman Islands corporation that operates as a fund investing in high yield debt securities of primarily U.S. issuers. MMHC Investment LLC holds 37.04% of the subordinated notes of this issue, which are treated as equity for tax purposes. MassMutual is the collateral manager of Somers CDO, Limited. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser.

 

  10. Saar Holdings CDO, Limited, a Cayman Islands corporation that operates as a collateralized debt obligation fund investing in high yield debt securities of primarily U.S. issuers including, to a limited extent, convertible high yield bonds. MMHC Investment LLC holds 40% of the mandatorily redeemable preferred shares of this issuer. Such preferred shares are treated as equity for tax purposes. MassMutual is the collateral manager of Saar Holdings CDO, Limited. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser.

 

  11. Perseus CDO I, Limited is a Cayman Island Corporation that operates as a collateralized debt obligation fund investing in a diversified portfolio of assets including high yield bonds, senior secured loans, a limited amount of equity securities and certain other assets. MMHC Investment LLC holds 33.4% of the Class D subordinated notes issued by Perseus CDO I Limited. Such notes are treated as equity for tax purposes. MassMutual is the portfolio manager and Perseus Advisors, L.L.C. is the portfolio advisor of Perseus CDO I, Limited. Babson Capital Management LLC is the sub-adviser.

 

  12. MassMutual Global CBO I Limited is a Cayman Island Corporation that operates as a collateralized bond obligation fund investing in emerging market securities and high yield bonds. As of the closing date of this fund (June 16, 1999), MassMutual and its indirect subsidiary, MMHC Investment LLC hold in the aggregate approximately 39.7% of the subordinated notes that are treated as equity for tax purposes. MassMutual is the Collateral Manager of MassMutual Global CBO I Limited. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser.

 

  13. Maplewood (Cayman) Limited is an entity organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands that invests primarily in bank loans. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as investment adviser.

 

  14. Suffield CLO, Limited is a Cayman Islands Corporation that operates as a collateralized loan obligations fund that invests primarily in domestic bank loans and high yield bonds. Babson Capital Management LLC is the investment adviser. MassMutual holds 23.13% of the preferred shares.

 

  15. Wilbraham CBO Ltd. is a Cayman Islands limited liability company that operates as collateralized bond obligations fund that invests primarily in bank loans and high yield bonds. Babson Capital Management LLC is the investment manager. MassMutual owns 33.99% of the preferred shares.

 

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  16. Enhanced Mortgage-Backed Securities Fund Limited is a special purpose company incorporated with limited liability in the Cayman Islands, investing primarily in mortgage-backed securities. Babson Capital Management LLC is the investment manager. MassMutual holds all of the Class B notes and has covenanted to hold at least 25% of the aggregate principal amount of the Class C Certificates directly or through a wholly owned affiliate.

 

  17. Enhanced Mortgage-Backed Securities Fund II is a special purpose company incorporated with limited liability in the Cayman Islands, investing primarily in mortgage-backed securities. Babson Capital Management LLC is the investment manager. MassMutual holds approximately 33% of the Class C Certificates.

 

  18. Special Value Bond Fund II, LLC is a Delaware limited liability company that operates as a high yield bond fund. Babson Capital Management LLC is co-manager of the fund. MassMutual owns 20% of the subordinated notes.

 

  19. Leland Fund, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership that has made investments in a diversified international fund. Babson Capital Management LLC is the investment manager. MassMutual holds 70.47% of the ownership interest in this entity.

 

  20. Longmeadow CDO Debt Fund I, Limited, a fund investing in collateralized debt obligation securities that is managed by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  21. Hampden CBO Ltd, a cash/flow CDO investing in investment-grade bonds and loans, primarily U.S. MassMutual holds a 23% interest in the fund, which is managed by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  22. Phoenix Funding Limited, a cash/flow CDO that is managed by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  23. Palmyra Funding Limited, a fund investing in credit default swaps that is managed by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  24. Palmyra Funding II Limited, a fund investing in credit default swaps that is managed by Babson Capital Management LLC.

 

  25. Enhanced Mortgage-Backed Securities Fund Limited III is a special purpose company incorporated with limited liability in the Cayman Islands, investing primarily in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, debt securities and derivative instruments. Mass Mutual holds approximately 90% of the equity in the Fund. Babson Capital Management LLC serves as the investment manager.

 

  26. Connecticut Valley Structured Credit CDO I, Ltd., a fund investing in CBO debt securities. Babson Capital Management LLC serves as the investment manager. MassMutual currently has a 28% interest in the fund.

 

  27. MassMutual/Boston Capital Mezzanine Partners, L.P. (“Fund I”) is a Delaware limited partnership that operates as a fund investing in junior and senior mortgage loans, mezzanine investments, preferred equity interests and other real estate assets located primarily in the United States. MMHC Investments LLC is a limited partner and owns 26.17 % of Fund I. Boston Mass, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, is the investment advisor and general partner and owns 1.0% of Fund I. MassMutual Mortgage Finance, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of MassMutual, is a co-manager and owns 50% of Boston Mass LLC.

 

  28. Constitution Wharf Fund, LLC (formerly known as Copper Beech Fund LLC), a limited liability hedge fund organized under Delaware law for which Babson Capital Management LLC serves as investment manager. MassMutual currently has a majority ownership interest.

 

  29. Constitution Wharf Offshore Fund Ltd. (formerly known as Copper Beech Offshore Fund Ltd.), a hedge fund registered in the Cayman Islands for which Babson Capital Management LLC serves as the investment adviser. MassMutual currently has a majority ownership interest.

 

  30. Storrs CDO Ltd., a special purpose corporation organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands, that invests primarily in residential mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, debt issued by real estate investment trusts and collateralized debt obligations. MassMutual holds a 20% equity interest in the company. Babson Capital Management LLC serves as investment adviser.

 

  31. Phoenix LINRA Limited, a public limited liability company incorporated and registered in Jersey, Channel Islands, that invests primarily in synthetic investment grade bonds using credit default swaps. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as a financial sub agent.

 

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  32. Newton CDO Limited, an exempted company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands, that primarily invests in bank loans and high yield bonds. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as a collateral manager.

 

  33. Tower Square Capital Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership organized by Babson Capital Management LLC Capital Management LLC to invest primarily in mezzanine debt securities, and to a lesser extent in senior debt and/or private equity securities. MassMutual and its affiliates own, directly or indirectly, approximately 71% of the equity interests, of which a subsidiary of Babson Capital Management LLC is the general partner. MassMutual has purchased 33% of the Limited Partnership Interests in Tower Square Capital Partners, L.P. Babson Capital Management LLC serves as the Investment Manager.

 

  34. Quantitative Enhanced Decisions Fund, L.P. is a Delaware limited partnership and Quantitative Enhanced Decisions Offshore Fund, Ltd is an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Substantially all of the capital of these entities is invested through a master feeder structure in Quantitative Enhanced Decisions Master Fund, L.P., a Cayman Islands limited partnership. These funds, organized in 2002, seek to achieve returns through investments primarily in investment-grade fixed income assets, including mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities, and derivative instruments. MassMutual currently owns approximately 60% of the equity in the domestic fund. Babson Capital Management LLC acts as an adviser through its relationship in the GP adviser.

 

  35. Union Wharf Fund, LLC, a limited liability hedge fund organized under Delaware law for which Babson Capital Management LLC serves as investment manager.

 

  36. Union Wharf Offshore Fund Ltd, a hedge fund registered in the Cayman Islands for which Babson Capital Management LLC serves as the investment adviser.

 

  37. Sargent’s Wharf Fund, LLC, a limited liability hedge fund organized under Delaware law for which Babson Capital Management LLC serves as investment manager.

 

  38. Sargent’s Wharf Offshore Fund Ltd., a hedge fund registered in the Cayman Islands for which Babson Capital Management LLC serves as the investment adviser.

 

  39. MassMutual/Boston Capital Mezzanine Partners II, L.P. (“Fund II”) is a Delaware limited partnership that operates as a fund investing in junior and senior mortgage loans, mezzanine investments, preferred equity interests and other real estate assets located primarily in the United States. MassMutual is a limited partner and owns 28.7% of Fund II. Boston Mass II LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, is the investment advisor and general partner. Babson Capital Management LLC is a co-manager and owns 50% of Boston Mass II LLC. CM Life is a 1.04% limited partner of Fund II.

 

  40. Special Value Absolute Return Fund, LLC, a market value high yield/special situations CDO, organized under the laws of Delaware—Babson Capital Management LLC is a Co-Manager and a 7.5% Member of the Managing Member—MassMutual owns 7.5% of the equity in the fund (as a Member).

 

  41. Mill River Capital Partners, LP, a Convertible Arbitrage hedge fund (feeder fund), organized under the laws of Delaware. Babson Capital Management LLC is the sole member of the GP and is the Investment Manager—GP owns 0.1% of fund, MassMutual owns 99.9% (as the sole limited partner (LP)) (this is the on-shore feeder to the fund next named below).

 

  42. Mill River Master Fund, LP, a Convertible Arbitrage hedge fund (master fund) organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Babson Capital Management LLC is the sole member of the GP and is the Investment Manager—GP owns 0.1% of fund, feeder owns 99.9%.

 

  43. Connecticut Valley Structured Credit CDO II, Ltd., a cash flow CDO investing in CDO debt securities that is organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Babson Capital Management LLC is Portfolio Manager—MassMutual owns 22.24% of preference shares.

 

  44. Tower Square Capital Limited—Mezzanine debt and equity fund organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands, an offshore feeder for Tower Square fund.

 

  45. Freedom Collateralized Holding 1999 CDO, Ltd., a cash flow high yield bond CDO organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Babson Capital Management LLC serves as Investment Manager.

 

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  46. Freedom Collateralized Holding 2000 CDO, Ltd, a cash flow high yield bond CDO organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Babson Capital Management LLC serves as Investment Manager. MassMutual owns 26% of the preference shares.

 

  47. Seaboard CLO 2000 Ltd., a Cash flow CLO organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Babson Capital Management LLC serves as Collateral Manager—MassMutual owns 40% of equity (“subordinated notes”).

 

  48. Babson CLO Ltd. 2003-I is a Cayman Islands exempted limited liability company that operates as a collateralized loan obligations fund that invests primarily in domestic bank loans. Babson Capital Management LLC is the collateral manager. MassMutual holds 30.36% of the ordinary preferred shares.

 

  49. Jackson Creek CDO, Ltd. a Cayman corporation that operates as a fund investing in high yield debt securities. MassMutual owns 32.5% of the non-voting preferred shares. Babson Capital Management LLC is the collateral manager of Jackson Creek CDO, Ltd.

 

  50. Hakone Fund LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that invests in high yield bank loans, high yield bonds and commercial mortgage loans. MassMutual Life Insurance Company, a majority-owned indirect subsidiary of MassMutual will be the sole investor in Hakone. Babson Capital Management LLC is the investment manager.

 

  51. Enhanced Mortgage-Backed Securities Fund Limited IV is a special purpose company incorporated with limited liability in the Cayman Islands, investing primarily in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. Mass Mutual holds 38.33% interest in the Fund. Babson Capital Management LLC serves as the investment manager.

 

  52. Babson Capital High Yield LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that is an unregistered, open-end investment fund investing primarily in high yield corporate debt obligations. MassMutual owns approximately 27% of the interests in this fund.

 

  53. Babson Capital Small Cap Growth LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that is an unregistered, open-end investment fund investing primarily in small cap equity securities. MassMutual owns approximately 1.5% of the interests in this fund.

 

  54. Leland Fund (Cayman), Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company that acts as a private investment fund, all the stock of which is owned by Leland Fund Multi G.P., Ltd.

 

  55. Winterset Capital Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership that is a hedge fund. MassMutual holds 100% of the ownership interest in this fund.

 

  56. Winterset Master Fund, L.P., a Cayman Islands limited partnership that operates as a high yield bond and loan and special opportunities hedge fund.

 

  57. Babson CLO Ltd. 2004-I, an exempted company incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands. MassMutual holds approximately 20% of the ownership interests in this fund in the form of subordinated notes.

 

  58. Leland Fund (Onshore), L.P.

 

  59. Hanover/Babson Equity Investors Manager LLC.

 

  60. Babson CLO Ltd. 2004-II.

 

  61. Babson CLO Ltd. 2005-I.

 

  62. Babson CLO Ltd. 2005-II.

 

  63. Great Lakes LLC.

 

  64. J/Z CBO (Delaware), LLC.

 

  65. Tower Square Capital LLC.

 

  66. TSCP Selective, L.P., a United States partnership.

 

  67. Babson Capital Loan Strategies Fund L.P.

 

  68. Pioneer Valley Structured Credit CDO I, Ltd.

 

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  69. Stony Hill CDO I (Cayman), Ltd.

 

  70. Stony Hill CDO II (Cayman), Ltd.

 

  71. Stony Hill CDO III (Cayman), Ltd.

 

  72. Stony Hill CDO IV (Cayman), Ltd.

 

  73. Stony Hill CDO V (Cayman), Ltd.

 

  74. Griffin’s Wharf Fund, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that operates as a long/short equity hedge fund.

 

  75. Griffin’s Wharf Offshore Fund, Ltd., a Cayman Islands corporation that operates as a long/short equity hedge fund.

 

  76. Simsbury CLO Limited is a Cayman Islands corporation that operates as a collateralized bond obligations fund that invests primarily in bank loans and high yield bonds. MassMutual is investment adviser and Babson Capital Management LLC acts as sub-adviser. MassMutual and its affiliated subsidiaries own 34.35% of the Junior Subordinated Notes.

 

  77. Babson CLO Ltd. 2005 III

 

  78. Babson Capital Small Cap Relative Value, LLC

 

  79. Babson Capital Loan Strategies Master Fund, L.P.

 

  80. Braemar Energy Ventures, LP

 

  81. Cobbs Wharf Fund, L.P.

 

  82. Cobbs Wharf Master Fund, L.P.

 

  83. Oasis Development Limited a private limited liability company incorporated and registered in Jersey, Channel Islands, the managing agent of PALMYRA Funding Limited and PALMYRA II Funding Limited, public limited liability companies that invest primarily in synthetic investment grade bonds using credit default swaps.

 

  84. Osprey Strategies Ltd.

 

  85. Quantitative Enhanced Decisions Master Fund, LP.

 

  86. Quantitative Enhanced Decisions Offshore Fund, Ltd.

 

  87. Quantitative Enhanced Decisions Offshore Fund II, Ltd.

 

  88. Special Value Opportunities Fund, LLC

 

  89. Tower Square Capital Partners II, L.P.

 

  90. Tower Square Capital Partners II-A, L.P.

 

  91. Whately CDO I, Ltd.

 

  92. Enhanced Mortgage-Backed Securities Fund V Limited

 

  93. Apex (IDM) CDO I, Ltd.

 

  94. Duchess I CDO S.A.

 

  95. Duchess II CDO S.A.

 

  96. Duchess III CDO S.A.

 

  97. Duchess IV CDO S.A.

 

  98. Duchess V CDO S.A.

 

  99. ELC (Cayman) Ltd.

 

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  100. ELC (Cayman) Ltd. CDO Series 1999-1

 

  101. ELC (Cayman) Ltd. 1999-II

 

  102. ELC (Cayman) Ltd. 1999-III

 

  103. ELC (Cayman) Ltd. 2000-I

 

  104. Tryon CLO Ltd. 2000-I

MassMutual or Cornerstone Real Estate Advisers LLC acts as the investment adviser or manager of the following investment companies and limited liability companies, and as such may be deemed to control them.

 

  1. Cornerstone Apartment Fund I, LLC. MassMutual’s ownership interest in this company is 19%.

 

  2. Cornerstone Partners I, LLC. MassMutual’s ownership interest in this company is 35%.

 

  3. Cambridge Hotel, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. MassMutual holds a 65% ownership interest in this company.

 

  4. CAV I, Inc., a Maryland corporation that invests in residential properties. MassMutual holds a 24.1% ownership interest in this corporation.

 

  5. Cornerstone Partners IV, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. MassMutual holds a 55% ownership interest in this company.

 

  6. Cornerstone Rotational Fund, LLC, a Delaware diversified, closed-end fund. MassMutual holds 100% of the ownership interest in this fund.

 

  7. CREA/PPC Venture, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. MassMutual is the managing and controlling member of this entity.

 

  8. LVC-APTS, LP, a Delaware limited partnership formed to take title to residential property.

 

  9. Cornerstone Apartment Venture I, LLC is 100% owned by MassMutual on behalf of MassMutual and a MassMutual insurance company separate investment account whose sole contract holder is a New York State Teacher’s Retirement System. The entity was formed for the purpose of acquiring interest in entities that develop, own and operate apartment projects.

 

  10. West Conshohocken, LP, a Pennsylvania limited partnership that owns an office building in suburban Philadelphia. MassMutual wholly owns this entity.

 

  11. West Conshohocken, LLC, a Pennsylvania limited liability company that is the general partner of West Conshohocken, LP.

 

  12. Rockville Town Center, LLC is a joint venture that owns real property. Because a third party is entitled to a contingent interest in cash flow and sale proceeds after a preferred return is realized, MassMutual holds a variable interest in this limited liability company.

 

  13. Marco Island Condominium, LLC, a Florida limited liability company that was formed for the purpose of developing and selling condominiums constructed in Marco Island, Florida. This entity is 100% owned by MassMutual.

 

  14. 300 Third Street, LLC is a joint venture that owns real property. Because a third party is entitled to a contingent interest in cash flow and sale proceeds after a preferred return is realized, MassMutual holds a variable interest in this limited liability company.

 

  15. Hickory Creek Industrial, LLC is a joint venture that owns real property. Because a third party is entitled to a contingent interest in cash flow and sale proceeds after a preferred return is realized, MassMutual holds a variable interest in this limited liability company.

 

  16. VPRH, LLC is a joint venture that owns real property. Because a third party is entitled to a contingent interest in cash flow and sale proceeds after a preferred return is realized, MassMutual holds a variable interest in this limited liability company.

 

  17. Corporate Crossing, LLC is a joint venture that owns real property. Because a third party is entitled to a contingent interest in cash flow and sale proceeds after a preferred return is realized, MassMutual holds a variable interest in this limited liability company.

 

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Item 25: Indemnification

Article VIII of Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides for the indemnification of Registrant’s Trustees and officers. Registrant undertakes to apply the indemnification provisions of its Agreement and Declaration of Trust in a manner consistent with Securities and Exchange Commission Release No. IC-11330 so long as the interpretation of Section 17(h) and 17(i) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) set forth in such Release shall remain in effect and be consistently applied.

Trustees and officers of Registrant are also indemnified by MassMutual pursuant to its by-laws which apply to subsidiaries, including Registrant. No indemnification is provided with respect to any liability to any entity which is registered as an investment company under the 1940 Act or to the security holders thereof, where the basis for such liability is willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of office.

MassMutual’s directors’ and officers’ liability insurance program, which covers Registrant’s Trustees and officers, consist of two distinct coverages. The first coverage reimburses MassMutual, subject to specified limitations, for amounts which MassMutual is legally obligated to pay out under its indemnification by-law, discussed above. The second coverage directly protects a Trustee or officer of Registrant against liability from shareholder derivative and similar lawsuits which are indemnifiable under the law. There are, however, specific acts giving rise to liability which are excluded from this coverage. For example, no Trustee or officer is insured against personal liability for libel or slander, acts of deliberate dishonesty, fines or penalties, illegal personal profit or advantage at the expense of Registrant or its shareholders, violation of employee benefit plans, regulatory statutes, and similar acts which would traditionally run contrary to public policy and hence reimbursement by insurance.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act”) may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a Trustee, officer or controlling person of Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such Trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

Item 26: Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser

a. The Investment Adviser

MassMutual is the investment adviser for the Registrant. MassMutual is a mutual life insurance company organized as a Massachusetts corporation, which was originally chartered in 1851. As a mutual life insurance company, MassMutual has no shareholders. MassMutual’s primary business is ordinary life insurance. It also provides, directly or through its subsidiaries, a wide range of annuity and disability products, and pension and pension-related products and services, as well as investment services to individuals, and corporations and other institutions, in all 50 states of the United States and the District of Columbia. MassMutual is also licensed to transact business in Puerto Rico, and six provinces of Canada, but has no export sales. Effective February 29, 1996, Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Company merged into MassMutual. MassMutual’s principal lines of business are (i) the Individual Products business and Annuities business, which provide life insurance including variable and universal life insurance, annuities and

 

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disability income insurance to individuals and small businesses; (ii) Retirement Services, which provides group pension investment products and administrative services, primarily to sponsors of tax qualified retirement plans; and (iii) MassMutual International.

The directors and executive vice presidents of MassMutual, which is located at 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts, 01111-0001, their positions with MassMutual, and their other principal business affiliations and business experience for the past two years are as follows:

Directors

ROGER G. ACKERMAN, Director (since 1991) and Member, Corporate Governance, Executive and Operations Committees

Retired Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (since 2001), Corning Incorporated, P.O. Box 45, Phoenix, New York 13135 (manufacturer of advanced materials, communication equipment and environmental products); Director (since 1991), The Brinks Company (transportation and security services), 1801 Bayberry Ct., P.O. Box 18100, Richmond, Virginia 23226-8100; Member, Business Roundtable (since 1996); Member, The Business Council (since 1997); Member, Executive committee, National Association of Manufacturers (since 1991); and Member, Board of Overseers, Rutgers University Foundation (since 1996).

JAMES R. BIRLE, Lead Director (since 2007) Chairman (2005-2006), Director (since 1996), Chairman, Executive and Investment Committees and Member, Corporate Governance and Operations Committees

Chairman (since 1997), Resolute Partners, LLC; President (1994-1997) and Founder (1994), Resolute Partners, Inc. (private merchant bank), Greenwich, Connecticut.

 

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GENE CHAO, Director (since 1996) and Member, Corporate Governance and Human Resources Committees

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (since 2000), Director (since 1997) National Captioning Institute, 1900 Gallows Road, Suite 3000, Vienna, Virginia 22182; and Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director (since 2002), ULTECH LLC, 125 North Benson Road, Middlebury, Connecticut 06762.

JAMES H. DeGRAFFENREIDT, JR., Director (since 2002) and Member, Audit and Corporate Governance Committees

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (since 1998), Director (since 2001), WGL Holdings, Inc., Washington, D.C., parent company of Washington Gas Light Company (public utility holding company), 101 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20080; Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (since 1998), Director (since 1994), Washington Gas Light Company; Chairman (since 2007) and Director (since 1998), American Gas Association, Washington, D.C.; Director (since 1996), Harbor Bankshares Corporation (Holding Company), Baltimore, Maryland; Director (1998-2006), MedStar Health, Columbia, Maryland; Co-Chairman of the Board (2004-2006) and Director (since 1998), Alliance to Save Energy, Washington, DC; Trustee (since 1999), Federal City Council, Washington, D.C.; Trustee (since 1995), Maryland Science Center, Baltimore, Maryland; and Trustee (since 1999), Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, Maryland.

PATRICIA DIAZ DENNIS, Director (since 1996) and Member, Human Resources and Investment Committees

Senior Vice President and Assistant General Counsel Labor and Employment (since 2005), Senior Vice President and Assistant General Counsel (2004-2005), AT&T Services, Inc. (formerly SBC Services, Inc.), San Antonio, Texas; Chair (2003-2005), The Tomas Rivera Policy Institute; Trustee (1993-2005), Radio and Television News Directors Foundation; National First Vice-Chair (2002-2005) and Chairman of the National Board of Directors (2005-2008), Girl Scouts of the U.S.A.; Director (since 2001), UST-NYSE; Director (2001-2005), Entravision-NYSE; Director (2005-2006), CarrAmerica NYSE; Trustee (since 2003), NHPfoundation; and Regent (1999-2005), Texas State University System.

JAMES L. DUNLAP, Director (since 1989) and Member, Audit and Human Resources Committees

Member, Board of Trustees (since 1998), Culver Educational Foundation, 130 Academy Road, Culver, Indiana 46511-1291; Member, Council of Overseers (since 1987), Jesse H. Jones Graduate School of Administration, Rice University, MS 531, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1891; Member of the Corporation (since 2001), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543; Member, Board of Trustees, Advisor (since 1991), Nantucket Conservation Foundation, Inc., P.O. Box 13, 118 Cliff Road, Nantucket, Massachusetts 02554-0013; and Director and Member of Compensation and Governance Committees (since 2003), El Paso Corporation, 1001 Louisiana Street, Houston, Texas.

WILLIAM B. ELLIS, Director (since 1996), Chairman, Audit Committee and Member. Executive and Investment Committees.

Lecturer and Resident Fellow (since 1995), Yale University School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, New Haven, Connecticut; Director (since 1998), Pew Center on Global Climate Change; Trustee (since 2005), Carnegie Mellon University; and Director (since 1995), Catalytica Energy Systems, Inc.

ROBERT A. ESSNER, Director (since 2002), Chairman, Human Resources Committee and Member Operations Committees

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (since 2006), Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (2003-2006) and Director (since 1997), Wyeth, 5 Giralda Farms, Madison, New Jersey 07940; and Trustee (since 2002), PennMedicine (the entity governing the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and the University of Pennsylvania Health System).

ROBERT M. FUREK, Director (since 1996) and Member, Corporate Governance and Operations Committees

Partner (since 1997), Resolute Partners LLC (private merchant bank); President (since 2003), CATELECTRIC Corp.; and Trustee, Chair of the Development Committee (1997-2006), Kingswood-Oxford School.

CAROL A. LEARY, PH.D, Director (since 2004) and Member, Audit and Investment Committees

President (since 1994), Bay Path College, 588 Longmeadow Street, Longmeadow, Massachusetts 01106; Director (since 2001), United Bank, 95 Elm Street, West Springfield, Massachusetts 01089; Past Chair-Chair of Nominating Committee (2004-2005), the Association of Independent Colleges and Universities in Massachusetts; Chair (2004-2006), Member,

 

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Executive Committee (On-going), Community Foundation of Western Massachusetts; Board Member (since 2002) and Treasurer (since 2005), Women’s College Coalition; Member, Board of Trustees (since 2003), Member, Compensation Committee, The Frank Stanley Beveridge Foundation, Inc.; Member (since 1995), Affiliated Chambers of Commerce of Greater Springfield (Massachusetts); Tourism Committee (since 2002), Economic Development Council; Member (since 1994), Cooperating Colleges of Greater Springfield (Massachusetts); and Board Member (since 2004), Go Fit Foundation.

WILLIAM B. MARX, JR., Director (since 1990), Chairman, Operations Committee and Member, Corporate Governance Committee

Senior Executive Vice President, Retired (since 1996), Lucent Technologies (public telecommunications systems and software), 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07947.

JOHN F. MAYPOLE, Director (since 1996) and Member, Corporate Governance and Operations Committees

Managing Partner, (since 1984), Peach State Real Estate Holding Company, LLP (Real Estate Investment Company); Co-owner of family businesses (including Maypole Chevrolet, Inc.) (since 1984); Director (1992-2005), Chair-Nominating, Corporate Committees, Member, Governance & Compensation Committee and Member, Audit Committee, Dan River, Inc. (textile manufacturer); Director (1998-2005) and Member, Compensation Committee, Meridian Automotive Systems, Inc. (formerly American Bumper & Mfg. Co.) (manufacturer of automotive/truck components); Director (1999-2006) and Chair, Governance and Nominating Committee, Church & Dwight Co., Inc. (household product/personal care and specialty chemical (Arm & Hammer)) Princeton, New Jersey; Director (since 2002), Chair, Auditing and Investment Committees, and Member, Board Governance, and Compensation & Development Committees, National Captioning Institute, 1900 Gallows Road, Suite 3000, Vienna, Virginia 22182; and Director (since 2004) and Chair, Audit Committee, Knoll, Inc. (design and manufacturer of office furniture and textiles).

MARC F. RACICOT, Director (since 2001) and Member, Audit and Human Resources Committees

President (since 2005), American Insurance Association, 1130 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 1000, Washington, DC 20036; Partner (2001-2005), Bracewell & Giuliani, L.L.P., 2000 K Street, N.W., Suite 500, Washington, D.C. 20006-1872; Director (since 2001), Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation; Chairman (since 1999) and Member (since 1993), Jobs for America’s Graduates; Co-Chairman and Member (2001-2005), United States Consensus Council; and Director (2001-2006), Siebel Systems.

STUART H. REESE, Director (since 2005) and Member, Corporate Governance, Executive, Operations and Investment Committees

Executive Officer

STUART H. REESE, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and Director

Chairman (since 2007), President and Chief Executive Officer (2005-2006), Director (since 2005), Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer (1999-2005), MassMutual; Chairman (2000-2005) Member of the Board of Managers and Chief Executive Officer (1999-2005), and President (1999-2001 and 2003-2005), Babson Capital Management LLC, Independence Wharf, 470 Atlantic Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210-2208; Chairman and Trustee (1999-2005), MML Series Investment Fund and MassMutual Select Funds (open-end investment companies); Chairman (1999-2005) and Trustee (1999-2005), MassMutual Participation Investors and MassMutual Corporate Investors (closed-end investment companies); Chairman (2001-2005), MMCI Subsidiary Trust and MMPI Subsidiary Trust; Director (1994-2005), MassMutual Corporate Value Partners Limited, (investment company); Member of the Advisory Board (1996-2005), MassMutual High Yield Partners II LLC (investment company); President (1996-2005), HYP Management LLC; Chairman, Director (1996-2006) and President and Chief Executive Officer (2003-2006), Charter Oak Capital Management, Inc.; Director (2003-2005), Babson Capital Securities Inc (broker-dealer); Director and Member, Compensation and Audit Committees (1999-2005), Cornerstone Real Estate Advisers LLC; Director (since 1999), MLDP Holdings; President (1996-2003), MMHC Investment LLC (formerly known as MMHC Investment, Inc.); Chairman, Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (since 2005) and Executive Vice President-Investments (1996-2005), MML Bay State Life

 

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Insurance Company; Chairman, Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (since 2005) and Executive Vice President-Investments (1996-2005), C.M. Life Insurance Company; Chairman, Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (since 2005) and Executive Vice President (2000-2005), MassMutual Holding LLC; Director (1999-2005), MassMutual Holding MSC, Inc.; Director (since 2005), MassMutual International, Inc.; Director (2004-2005), MassMutual Investment Management Company (Japan); Director (2004-2005), MML Assurance, Inc.; Director and Member of Audit Committee (since 1999), Oppenheimer Acquisition Corp.; Director (1994-2005), MassMutual Corporate Value Limited; Executive Vice President Investments (1996-2005), CM Assurance Company; Executive Vice President Investments (1996-2005), CM Benefit Insurance Company; Director (2001-2005), Antares Asset Management, Inc.; Director and Chairman (1996-2005), Antares Capital Corp.; Director (2003-2005), Babson Investment Company; Director (1999-2005), Merrill Lynch Derivative Products; Advisory Board Member (1995-2006), Kirtland Capital Partners (investment partnership); Director and Member, Finance Committee (since 2006), American Council of Life Insurers; Director, Class B (since 2006), Federal Reserve Bank of Boston; and Chair, Advisory Board (since 2006), LRN-RAND Center for Corporate Ethics, Law and Governance.

Executive Vice Presidents

FREDERICK C. CASTELLANI, Executive Vice President

Executive Vice President (since 2001), MassMutual; Trustee and President (since 2001), MassMutual Select Funds (open-end investment company); Trustee (since 2001) and President (2001-2004), MML Series Investment Fund (open-end investment company); Trustee and Vice President (since 2004), MassMutual Premier Funds (open-end investment company); Trustee (since 2005), MML Series Investment Fund II (open-end investment company); and Executive Vice President (since 2001), MassMutual Holding LLC.

ROGER W. CRANDALL, Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer

Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer (since June 2005) and Member of the Office of the CEO (since June 2005), MassMutual; President and Chief Executive Officer (since 2006), Chairman (since 2005) and Member of the Board of Managers (since 2004), Vice Chairman (from March 2005 to June 2005) and Managing Director (since 2000), Babson Capital Management LLC; Non-Executive Director (since 2005), Baring Asset Management Limited; Director (since 2004), Babson Capital Europe Limited; Chairman (since 2005), Trustee (since 2003) and President (2003-2005), MassMutual Corporate Investors and MassMutual Participation Investors; Chairman (since 2005), Trustee (since 2003) and President (2003-2005), MMCI Subsidiary Trust and MMPI Subsidiary Trust; Director (since 2005), Babson Capital Japan KK; Chairman and Director (since 2005), Cornerstone Real Estate Advisers LLC; Executive Vice President-Investments (since 2005) C.M. Life Insurance Company; Executive Vice President-Investments (since 2005), MML Bay State Life Insurance Company; Director (since 2003), MassMutual Corporate Value Limited; Director (since 2003), MassMutual Corporate Value Partners Limited; Director and Vice President (since 2005), MassMutual Holdings (Bermuda) Ltd.; Director and President (since 2005), MassMutual Holding MSC, Inc.; Director (2003-2005), Antares Capital Corporation; Director (2001-2005), Antares Asset Management, Inc; Director (since 2004) and Executive Committee Member (since 2005), MML Assurance, Inc.; President (since 2003), Director (1996-2006) and Member of the Advisory Board (since 2003), HYP Management LLC; President (1998-2006), MassMutual/Darby CBO IM, Inc.; Director (since 1996) and Senior Vice President (since 2003), MMHC Investment LLC; Director (since 2005), Oppenheimer Acquisition Corp.; Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (since 2006), MassMutual Capital Partners LLC; Director (since 2006), MassMutual International LLC; Director (since 2004), Jefferies Finance LLC; Director (since 1999), SAAR Holding CDO Ltd.; and Member of Advisory Board (since 2004), MassMutual High Yield Partners II, LLC.

JOHN V. MURPHY, Executive Vice President

Executive Vice President (since 1997) and Member of the Office of the CEO (since 2005), Executive Vice President (since 2000), MassMutual Holding LLC; MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts; Chairman, President (since 2001) and Director, Oppenheimer Acquisition Corp. and Oppenheimer Partnership Holdings, Inc.; Director (since 2001), Centennial Asset Management Corporation; Director, OppenheimerFunds Distributor, Inc.; Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, OppenheimerFunds, Inc.; Chairman and Director, Shareholder Services, Inc. and Shareholder Financial Services, Inc.; President and Director, OppenheimerFunds Legacy Program; Director, OFI Institutional Asset Management, Inc., Trinity Investment Management Corporation, Tremont Capital Management, Inc., HarbourView Asset Management Corporation and OFI Private Investments, Inc.; President and Director of Oppenheimer Real Asset Management, Inc.; and member, Board of Governors of the Investment Company Institute.

WILLIAM F. GLAVIN, JR., Executive Vice President

Executive Vice President and Member of the Office of the CEO (since 2006), MassMutual; Chief Executive Officer (2005-2006), President (2005-2006), Managing Director (2003-2006), Chief Operating Officer and Chief Compliance Officer (2003-2006), and Member of the Board of Managers (since 2003), Babson Capital; Director (since 2005), Baring Asset Management Limited; Director and Deputy Chairman (since 2005), MassMutual Holdings (Bermuda) Ltd.; Director (since 2004), Babson Capital Europe Limited; President (2003-2006) and Chief Compliance Officer (2004-2006), Babson Capital Securities Inc.

MARK D. ROELLIG, Executive Vice President and General Counsel

Executive Vice President and General Counsel (since December 2005), MassMutual; Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary (2005), Fisher Scientific International Inc.; Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary (2002-2005), Storage Technology Corp.; Board Member and Corporate Secretary (2000-2002), Bulletin News Network Inc.; and Executive Vice President Public Policy, Human Resources & Law, Secretary and General Counsel, US WEST, Inc.

MICHAEL T. ROLLINGS, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (since 2006), Senior Vice President (2004-2006) and Deputy Chief Financial Officer (2004-2006), MassMutual; Senior Vice President (since 2003), MassMutual Holdings, LLC; Director (since 2004), MML Assurance, Inc.; Manager (since 2004), MML Financial, LLC; Manager (since 2004), MML Investment Products, LLC; Director (since 2006), MML Investors Services, Inc.; Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (since 2002), MassMutual Funding LLC; Director (since 2005), MassMutual Holdings, (Bermuda) Ltd.; Director (since 2005), Oppenheimer Acquisition Corp.; Director (since 2005), MassMutual Europe, S.A.; Director (since 2006), Cornerstone Real Estate Advisers LLC; Director (since 2006), MassMutual International Holding MSC, Inc.; Director (since 2006) 9048-5434 Quebec Inc.; Director, Tremont Group Holdings, Inc.; Director (since 2006), MassMutual International LLC; Director (since 2006), MMHC Investment LLC; Director (since 2006), HYP Management LLC; Director (since 2006), MassMutual Assignment Company; Director (since 2006), MassMutual Benefits Management, Inc; Director (since 2006), MassMutual Capital Partners LLC; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (since 2006), C.M. Life Insurance Company; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (since 2006), MML Bay State Life Insurance Company; and Member of the Board of Managers (since 2005), Babson Capital Management LLC.

ELAINE A. SARSYNSKI, Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer

Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer (since June 2006), President and Chief Executive Officer (since July 2006), MassMutual International LLC; Senior Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer, Community Relations, Corporate Communications, Corporate Human Resources and Corporate Services (since September 2005), MassMutual; and First Selectman and Chief Executive Officer (2001-July 2005), Suffield, Connecticut.

 

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WADDELL & REED INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT COMPANY (“WRIMCO”)

Waddell & Reed Investment Management Company (“WRIMCO”) is an indirect subsidiary of Waddell & Reed Financial, Inc., a publicly held company. The address of these companies is 6300 Lamar Avenue, P.O. Box 29217, Shawnee Mission, Kansas 62201-9217. WRIMCO and/or its predecessor have served as investment manager to each of the registered investment companies in the Waddell & Reed Advisors Funds, W&R Target Funds, Inc. and Waddell & Reed InvestEd Portfolios, Inc. since each company’s inception.

WRIMCO Directors and Officers

HENRY J. HERRMANN

CEO, Director, President (since 1991)

Hire Year 1971

Education: New York University – BS 1966 Chartered Financial Analyst

MIKE L. AVERY

Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer (since 2005)

Hire Year 1981

Education: University of Missouri – BS, Saint Louis University - MBA 1981

JOHN E. SUNDEEN, JR.,

Chief Accounting Officer, Director (since 2001), Executive Vice President, and Chief Administrative Officer

(since 2004)

Hire Year 1983

Education: University of Kansas – BS 1983, University of Missouri/Kansas City - MBA, 1986 Chartered

Financial Analyst

MARK G. SEFEROVICH

Senior Vice President and Portfolio Manager (since 1996)

Hire Year 1989

Education: University of Kansas - BA 1969, University of Arkansas – MBA 1971, Chartered Financial Analyst

KENNETH G. MCQUADE

Vice President and Portfolio Manager (since 2003)

Hire Year 1997

Education: Bradley University, Peoria, IL - BS 1992

BRENT K. BLOSS

Treasurer (since 2004)

Hire Year 2002

Education: Southwest Missouri State University-B.S. in Accounting 1991, C.P.A.

 

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LAWRENCE J. CIPOLLA

Chief Operations Officer and Senior Vice President (since 2004)

Hire Year 1995

Education: University of Missouri at Warrensburg, University of Missouri at Kansas City, University of

Wisconsin Graduate School of Banking

DANIEL P. CONNEALY

Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President (since 2004)

Hire Year 2004

Education: Rockhurst University (1968) - BSBA in Accounting, C.P.A.

WENDY HILLS, Vice President, Associate General Counsel and Secretary

Vice President and Associate General Counsel (since 2004) and Secretary (since 2003)

Hire Year 1998

Education: University of Kansas - BA, 1993, University of Kansas - School of Law 1997

KRISTEN A. RICHARDS

Vice President, Associate General Counsel (since 2000) and Chief Compliance Officer (since 2001)

Hire Year 1995

Education: University of Kansas - BA, 1991, University of Kansas - School of Law – JD, 1994.

DANIEL C. SCHULTE

Senior Vice President and General Counsel (since 2000)

Hire Year 1998

Education: Bethel College - BS, 1988 University of Kansas - School of Law – JD, 1992

 

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NORTHERN TRUST INVESTMENTS. N.A. (“NTI”)

Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser

Northern Trust Investments, N.A. (“NTI,” formerly known and conducting business as Northern Trust Investments, Inc.) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Northern Trust Company (“TNTC”), an Illinois state chartered bank. TNTC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Northern Trust Corporation (“NTC”), a bank holding company. NTI is located at 50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, IL 60603. Unless otherwise indicated, NTI and TNTC are referred to collectively as “Northern Trust.” Set forth below is a list of officers and directors of NTI, together with information as to any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such officers and directors during the past two years. Most officers and directors of NTI hold comparable positions with TNTC (other than as director), as indicated below, and certain other officers of NTI hold comparable positions with Northern Trust Securities, Inc. (“NTSI”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of NTC. NTSI is located at 50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, IL 60603.

 

Name and Position with Investment Adviser (NTI)

  

Name of Other Company

  

Position with Other Company

Beckman, Carl P.    The Northern Trust Company    Senior Vice President
Treasurer and Senior Vice President      
Carberry, Craig R.    The Northern Trust Company    Senior Attorney
Secretary      
Dudley, Jr., Orie Leslie    The Northern Trust Company    Executive Vice President
Director, Executive    and Northern Trust Corporation    and Chief Investment Officer
Vice President and      
Chief Investment Officer      
Gingras, Donna    Northern Trust Securities, Inc.    Senior Vice President
Vice President & Controller      
Gossett, Mark C.    The Northern Trust Company    Senior Vice President
Director, Chief Operating Officer and      
Senior Vice President      
Huffman, William T.    Northern Trust Global Advisors    Senior Vice President
Director      
Logan, Lyle    The Northern Trust Company    Executive Vice President
Executive Vice President & Director      

 

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Mancusi, Stella    The Northern Trust Company    Vice President
Assistant Treasurer &      
Second Vice President      
Meservey, Marilyn J.    The Northern Trust Company    Vice President
Assistant Treasurer & Vice President      
St. Clair, Joyce    The Northern Trust Company    Executive Vice President
Director      
Toth, Terence J.    The Northern Trust Company    President
Chairman, President and      
Chief Executive Officer      
Vardas, Michael A.    The Northern Trust Company    Senior Vice President
Director      
Waddell, Frederick H.    The Northern Trust Company    Executive Vice President
Director      
Wennlund, Lloyd A.    The Northern Trust Company    Executive Vice President
Director and Executive      
Vice President      

 

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DAVIS SELECTED ADVISERS, L.P. (“DSA”)

Davis Selected Advisers, L.P. (“DSA”) and subsidiary companies comprise a financial services organization whose business consists primarily of providing investment management services as the investment adviser and manager for investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, unregistered off-shore investment companies, and as an investment adviser to institutional and individual accounts. DSA also serves as sub-investment adviser to other investment companies. Davis Investments, LLC is the sole general partner of DSA. Its sole member, Christopher C. Davis, controls Davis Investment, LLC. Venture Advisers, Inc. is a corporation whose primary purpose is to hold limited partner units in DSA. Davis Distributors LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of DSA, is a registered broker-dealer. Davis Selected Advisers NY, Inc., another wholly-owned subsidiary, provides investment management services to various registered and unregistered investment companies, pension plans, institutions and individuals. Davis serves as investment sub-adviser to one series of Registrant, as well as to a series of another registered investment company for which MassMutual serves as investment adviser. To the best knowledge of Registrant, except as set forth below, the directors and executive officers of Davis have had as their sole business, profession, vocation or employment during the past two years only their duties as executive officers/employees of Davis or its predecessors. The business address of Davis is 2949 East Elvira Road, Suite 101, Tucson, Arizona 85706.

Andrew A. Davis

(6/25/63) 124 East Marcy Street, Santa Fe, NM 87501. Director and President or Vice President of each of the Davis Funds and the Selected Funds. President of Davis Investments, LLC. Also serves as a director and/or senior officer for several companies affiliated with DSA which are described above.

Christopher C. Davis

(7/13/65) 609 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10017. Director and Chairman, President, and/or Vice President of each of the Davis Funds and the Selected Funds; Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Davis Investments, LLC. Also serves as a director and/or senior officer for several companies affiliated with DSA, which are described above. Is an employee of Shelby Cullom Davis & Co., a registered broker/dealer.

Kenneth C. Eich

(8/14/53) 2949 East Elvira Road, Suite 101, Tucson, AZ 85706. Executive Vice President and Principal Executive Officer of each of the Davis Funds and Selected Funds; Chief Operating Officer of Davis Investments, LLC. Also serves as a senior officer for several companies affiliated with DSA which are described above.

Douglas Haines

(3/4/71) 2949 East Elvira Road, Suite 101, Tucson, AZ 85706. Vice President, Treasurer Chief Financial Officer, Principal Financial Officer, and Principal Accounting Officer of each of the Davis Funds and Selected Funds.

Sharra L. Reed

(9/25/66) 2949 East Elvira Road, Suite 101, Tucson, AZ 85706. Vice President Chief Compliance Officer of each of the Davis Funds and Selected Funds; Vice President of Davis Investments, LLC. Also serves as Chief Compliance Officer for DSA and as a senior officer for several companies affiliated with DSA which are described above.

Thomas D. Tays

(03/07/57) 2949 East Elvira Road, Suite 101, Tucson, AZ 85706. Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary, Davis Investments, LLC. Also serves as a senior officer for several companies affiliated with DSA which are described above.

Gary Tyc

(05/27/56) 2949 East Elvira Road, Suite 101, Tucson, AZ 85706. Vice President, Chief Financial Officer Treasurer, and Assistant Secretary of Davis Investments, LLC. Also serves as a senior officer for several companies affiliated with DSA which are described above.

Russell O. Wiese

(05/18/66) 609 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10017. Chief Marketing Officer of Davis Investments, LLC. Also serves as a director and/or senior officer for several companies affiliated with DSA which are described above.

 

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T. ROWE PRICE ASSOCIATES, INC. (“T. ROWE PRICE”)

Business and Other Connections of Investment Manager

 

Item 26. Business and Other Connections of Investment Manager

T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. (“Group”) owns 100% of the stock of T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. Group was formed in 2000 as a holding company for the T. Rowe Price affiliated companies.

T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (“Price Associates”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Group, was incorporated in Maryland in 1947. Price Associates serves as investment adviser to individual and institutional investors, including investment companies. Price Associates is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

T. Rowe Price Savings Bank (“Savings Bank”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in 2000 as a federally chartered savings bank. The Savings Bank provides federally insured bank products to a national customer base.

T. Rowe Price International, Inc. (“T. Rowe Price International”), a Maryland corporation, is a wholly owned subsidiary of TRP Finance, Inc. T. Rowe Price International was incorporated in Maryland in 1979 and provides investment counsel service with respect to foreign securities for institutional investors. In addition to managing private counsel client accounts, T. Rowe Price International also sponsors and serves as adviser and subadviser to U.S. and foreign registered investment companies which invest in foreign securities, and provides investment advice to the T. Rowe Price Trust Company, trustee of the International Common Trust Fund. T. Rowe Price International, which has offices in London, Baltimore, and other global locations, is an SEC registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and is also registered with the Financial Services Authority (“FSA”) in the United Kingdom, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (“MAS”), and the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong (“SFC”).

T. Rowe Price Global Investment Services Limited (“Global Investment Services”), is a U.K. corporation, organized in 2000 and a wholly owned subsidiary of Group. Global Investment Services is a registered investment adviser with the FSA, the Kanto Local Finance Bureau (“KLFB”) and FSA in Japan, and with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Global Investment Services is an investment manager, with primary responsibility for marketing and client servicing for non-U.S. clients. Global Investment Services may delegate investment management responsibilities to Price Associates or T. Rowe Price International. Global Investment Services also acts as sponsor, investment manager, and primary distributor of the TRP Funds SICAV. Global Investment Services is headquartered in London, and has several other global locations.

T. Rowe Price Global Asset Management Limited (“Global Asset Management”), is a U.K. corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Group. Global Asset Management is a registered investment adviser with the FSA and provides investment management services to Japanese investment trusts and other investment products for sale, investors in Japan pursuant to one or more delegation agreements entered into between Daiwa SB Investments, Ltd. and Global Asset Management, or non-U.S. registered collective investment schemes and Global Asset Management. Global Asset Management is also an SEC registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

T. Rowe Price Investment Services, Inc. (“Investment Services”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Maryland in 1980 for the specific purpose of acting as principal underwriter and distributor for the registered investment companies which Price Associates and T. Rowe Price International sponsor and serve as investment adviser (the “Price Funds”). Investment Services also serves as distributor for any proprietary variable annuity products. Investment Services is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and is a member of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. In 1984, Investment Services expanded its activities to include a brokerage service.

 

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T. Rowe Price Associates Foundation, Inc. (the “Foundation”) was incorporated in 1981 (and is not a subsidiary of Price Associates). The Foundation’s overall objective is to improve the quality of life in the community at large by making charitable contributions to nonprofit organizations benefiting education, arts and culture, civic and community, and human services interests. In addition to grant making, the Foundation also has a very generous matching gift program whereby contributions and volunteer service T. Rowe Price employees give to qualifying organizations of their choice are matched according to established guidelines.

T. Rowe Price Services, Inc. (“Price Services”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Maryland in 1982 and is registered as a transfer agent under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Price Services provides transfer agent, dividend disbursing, and certain other services, including accounting and shareholder services, to the Price Funds, and also provides accounting services to certain affiliates of Price Associates.

T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc. (“RPS”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Maryland in 1991 and is registered as a transfer agent under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. RPS provides administrative, recordkeeping, and subaccounting services to administrators of employee benefit plans.

T. Rowe Price Trust Company (“Trust Company”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in 1983 as a Maryland-chartered limited-service trust company for the purpose of providing fiduciary services. The Trust Company serves as trustee and/or custodian of certain qualified and nonqualified employee benefit plans, individual retirement accounts, and common trust funds.

TRPH Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in 1997 to acquire an interest in a U.K.-based corporate finance advisory firm.

T. Rowe Price Threshold Fund Associates, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Maryland in 1994 and serves as the general partner of T. Rowe Price Threshold Fund III, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership organized in 1995 which invests in private financings of emerging growth companies.

T. Rowe Price Recovery Fund II Associates, L.L.C., is a Maryland limited liability company (with Price Associates and the Trust Company as its members) incorporated in 1996 to serve as General Partner of T. Rowe Price Recovery Fund II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership which invests in financially distressed companies.

T. Rowe Price (Canada), Inc. (“TRP Canada”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, is a Maryland corporation organized in 1988. TRP Canada is registered with the Ontario Securities Commission, as a non-Canadian Advisor, in the categories of Investment Counsel and Portfolio Manager, to provide advisory services to individual and institutional clients residing in Canada. TRP Canada is also registered with the Manitoba Securities Commission as an Investment Counsel (International Adviser) and with the British Columbia Securities Commission as a Portfolio Manager and Investment Counsel (Securities) and with the SEC as a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

T. Rowe Price Insurance Agency, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Group, was incorporated in Maryland in 1994 and licensed to do business in several states to act primarily as a distributor of proprietary variable annuity products.

Since 1983, Price Associates has organized several distinct Maryland limited partnerships, which are informally called the Pratt Street Ventures partnerships, for the purpose of acquiring interests in growth-oriented businesses.

TRP Suburban, Inc. (“TRP Suburban”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Maryland in 1990. TRP Suburban entered into agreements with McDonogh School and CMANE-McDonogh-Rowe Limited Partnership to construct an office building in Owings Mills, Maryland, which currently houses Price Associates investment technology personnel.

TRP Suburban Second, Inc., a wholly owned Maryland subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in 1995 to primarily engage in the development and ownership of real property located in Owings Mills, Maryland. The corporate campus houses transfer agent, plan administrative services, retirement plan services, and operations support functions.

 

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TRP Colorado Springs, LLC, a wholly owned Maryland subsidiary of Price Associates, was formed in 2006 to primarily engage in the development and ownership of real property located in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

TRP Finance, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Delaware in 1990 to manage certain passive corporate investments and other intangible assets.

T. Rowe Price Advisory Services, Inc., (“Advisory Services”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Group, was incorporated in Maryland in 2000. Advisory Services is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and provides investment advisory services to individuals, including shareholders of the Price Funds.

Directors of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.

Listed below are the directors and executive officers of Group who have other substantial businesses, professions, vocations, or employment aside from their association with Price Associates:

James T. Brady, Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Mr. Brady is the managing director of MidAtlantic of Ballantrae International, Ltd., a management consulting firm; Nexcen Brands, Inc. an owner, manager, and developer of intellectual property; Constellation Energy Group, a diversified energy company; and McCormick & Company, Inc., a manufacturer, marketer, and distributor of spices and seasonings. Mr. Brady’s address is 5625 Broadmoor Terrace, Ijamsville, Maryland 21754.

J. Alfred Broaddus, Jr., Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Mr. Broaddus is a former president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and is a member of the American Economic Association and the National Association of Business Economists. He also serves on the board of directors of Owens & Minor, Inc., a medical/surgical supplies distributor; Albemarle Corporation, a specialty chemicals producer; and Markel Corporation, a specialty insurer. Mr. Broaddus’ address is 4114 Hanover Avenue, Richmond, Virginia 23221.

Donald B. Hebb, Jr., Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Mr. Hebb is the managing general partner of ABS Capital Partners. Mr. Hebb’s address is 400 E. Pratt Street, Suite 910, Baltimore, Maryland 21202.

Dr. Alfred Sommer, Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Dr. Sommer retired as dean of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in September 2005. He continues to serve as a professor of ophthalmology, epidemiology, and international health at this institution; Director of BD, Inc., a medical technology company; Director of the Academy for Educational Development; Chairman of the MicroNutrient Forum; Director of the Foundation of the National Institutes of Health; Director of the Laser Foundation; and senior medical advisor for Helen Keller International. Dr. Sommer’s address is 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room E6527, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.

Dwight S. Taylor, Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Mr. Taylor is president of Corporate Development Services, LLC, a commercial real estate developer that is a subsidiary of Corporate Office Properties Trust, and a director of MICROS Systems, Inc., a provider of information technology for the hospitality and retail industry. He also serves on the National Board of the National Association of Industrial & Office Properties, and is President of its Maryland chapter. Mr. Taylor is a founding member of Associated Black Charities of Maryland and currently serves on the Board of Trustees of the Baltimore Polytechnic Institute Foundation, Capitol College, and Lincoln University. Mr. Taylor’s address is 8815 Centre Park Drive, Suite 400, Columbia, Maryland 21045.

Anne Marie Whittemore, Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Mrs. Whittemore is a partner of the law firm of McGuireWoods, L.L.P. and a Director of Owens & Minor, Inc. and Albemarle Corporation. Mrs. Whittemore’s address is One James Center, Richmond, Virginia 23219.

 

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Item 26. Business and Other Connections of Investment Manager

T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. (“Group”) owns 100% of the stock of T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. Group was formed in 2000 as a holding company for the T. Rowe Price affiliated companies.

T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (“Price Associates”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Group, was incorporated in Maryland in 1947. Price Associates serves as investment adviser to individual and institutional investors, including investment companies. Price Associates is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

T. Rowe Price Savings Bank (“Savings Bank”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in 2000 as a federally chartered savings bank. The Savings Bank provides federally insured bank products to a national customer base.

T. Rowe Price International, Inc. (“T. Rowe Price International”), a Maryland corporation, is a wholly owned subsidiary of TRP Finance, Inc. T. Rowe Price International was incorporated in Maryland in 1979 and provides investment counsel service with respect to foreign securities for institutional investors. In addition to managing private counsel client accounts, T. Rowe Price International also sponsors and serves as adviser and subadviser to U.S. and foreign registered investment companies which invest in foreign securities, and provides investment advice to the T. Rowe Price Trust Company, trustee of the International Common Trust Fund. T. Rowe Price International, which has offices in London, Baltimore, and other global locations, is an SEC registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and is also registered with the Financial Services Authority (“FSA”) in the United Kingdom, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (“MAS”), and the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong (“SFC”).

T. Rowe Price Global Investment Services Limited (“Global Investment Services”), is a U.K. corporation, organized in 2000 and a wholly owned subsidiary of Group. Global Investment Services is a registered investment adviser with the FSA, the Kanto Local Finance Bureau (“KLFB”) and FSA in Japan, and with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Global Investment Services is an investment manager, with primary responsibility for marketing and client servicing for non-U.S. clients. Global Investment Services may delegate investment management responsibilities to Price Associates or T. Rowe Price International. Global Investment Services also acts as sponsor, investment manager, and primary distributor of the TRP Funds SICAV. Global Investment Services is headquartered in London, and has several other global locations.

T. Rowe Price Global Asset Management Limited (“Global Asset Management”), is a U.K. corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Group. Global Asset Management is a registered investment adviser with the FSA and provides investment management services to Japanese investment trusts and other investment products for sale, investors in Japan pursuant to one or more delegation agreements entered into between Daiwa SB Investments, Ltd. and Global Asset Management, or non-U.S. registered collective investment schemes and Global Asset Management. Global Asset Management is also an SEC registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

T. Rowe Price Investment Services, Inc. (“Investment Services”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Maryland in 1980 for the specific purpose of acting as principal underwriter and distributor for the registered investment companies which Price Associates and T. Rowe Price International sponsor and serve as investment adviser (the “Price Funds”). Investment Services also serves as distributor for any proprietary variable annuity products. Investment Services is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and is a member of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. In 1984, Investment Services expanded its activities to include a brokerage service.

 

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T. Rowe Price Associates Foundation, Inc. (the “Foundation”) was incorporated in 1981 (and is not a subsidiary of Price Associates). The Foundation’s overall objective is to improve the quality of life in the community at large by making charitable contributions to nonprofit organizations benefiting education, arts and culture, civic and community, and human services interests. In addition to grant making, the Foundation also has a very generous matching gift program whereby contributions and volunteer service T. Rowe Price employees give to qualifying organizations of their choice are matched according to established guidelines.

T. Rowe Price Services, Inc. (“Price Services”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Maryland in 1982 and is registered as a transfer agent under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Price Services provides transfer agent, dividend disbursing, and certain other services, including accounting and shareholder services, to the Price Funds, and also provides accounting services to certain affiliates of Price Associates.

T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc. (“RPS”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Maryland in 1991 and is registered as a transfer agent under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. RPS provides administrative, recordkeeping, and subaccounting services to administrators of employee benefit plans.

T. Rowe Price Trust Company (“Trust Company”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in 1983 as a Maryland-chartered limited-service trust company for the purpose of providing fiduciary services. The Trust Company serves as trustee and/or custodian of certain qualified and nonqualified employee benefit plans, individual retirement accounts, and common trust funds.

TRPH Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in 1997 to acquire an interest in a U.K.-based corporate finance advisory firm.

T. Rowe Price Threshold Fund Associates, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Maryland in 1994 and serves as the general partner of T. Rowe Price Threshold Fund III, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership organized in 1995 which invests in private financings of emerging growth companies.

T. Rowe Price Recovery Fund II Associates, L.L.C., is a Maryland limited liability company (with Price Associates and the Trust Company as its members) incorporated in 1996 to serve as General Partner of T. Rowe Price Recovery Fund II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership which invests in financially distressed companies.

T. Rowe Price (Canada), Inc. (“TRP Canada”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, is a Maryland corporation organized in 1988. TRP Canada is registered with the Ontario Securities Commission, as a non-Canadian Advisor, in the categories of Investment Counsel and Portfolio Manager, to provide advisory services to individual and institutional clients residing in Canada. TRP Canada is also registered with the Manitoba Securities Commission as an Investment Counsel (International Adviser) and with the British Columbia Securities Commission as a Portfolio Manager and Investment Counsel (Securities) and with the SEC as a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

T. Rowe Price Insurance Agency, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Group, was incorporated in Maryland in 1994 and licensed to do business in several states to act primarily as a distributor of proprietary variable annuity products.

Since 1983, Price Associates has organized several distinct Maryland limited partnerships, which are informally called the Pratt Street Ventures partnerships, for the purpose of acquiring interests in growth-oriented businesses.

TRP Suburban, Inc. (“TRP Suburban”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Maryland in 1990. TRP Suburban entered into agreements with McDonogh School and CMANE-McDonogh-Rowe Limited Partnership to construct an office building in Owings Mills, Maryland, which currently houses Price Associates investment technology personnel.

TRP Suburban Second, Inc., a wholly owned Maryland subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in 1995 to primarily engage in the development and ownership of real property located in Owings Mills, Maryland. The corporate campus houses transfer agent, plan administrative services, retirement plan services, and operations support functions.

 

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TRP Colorado Springs, LLC, a wholly owned Maryland subsidiary of Price Associates, was formed in 2006 to primarily engage in the development and ownership of real property located in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

TRP Finance, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Price Associates, was incorporated in Delaware in 1990 to manage certain passive corporate investments and other intangible assets.

T. Rowe Price Advisory Services, Inc., (“Advisory Services”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Group, was incorporated in Maryland in 2000. Advisory Services is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and provides investment advisory services to individuals, including shareholders of the Price Funds.

Directors of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.

Listed below are the directors and executive officers of Group who have other substantial businesses, professions, vocations, or employment aside from their association with Price Associates:

James T. Brady, Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Mr. Brady is the managing director of MidAtlantic of Ballantrae International, Ltd., a management consulting firm; Nexcen Brands, Inc. an owner, manager, and developer of intellectual property; Constellation Energy Group, a diversified energy company; and McCormick & Company, Inc., a manufacturer, marketer, and distributor of spices and seasonings. Mr. Brady’s address is 5625 Broadmoor Terrace, Ijamsville, Maryland 21754.

J. Alfred Broaddus, Jr., Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Mr. Broaddus is a former president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and is a member of the American Economic Association and the National Association of Business Economists. He also serves on the board of directors of Owens & Minor, Inc., a medical/surgical supplies distributor; Albemarle Corporation, a specialty chemicals producer; and Markel Corporation, a specialty insurer. Mr. Broaddus’ address is 4114 Hanover Avenue, Richmond, Virginia 23221.

Donald B. Hebb, Jr., Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Mr. Hebb is the managing general partner of ABS Capital Partners. Mr. Hebb’s address is 400 E. Pratt Street, Suite 910, Baltimore, Maryland 21202.

Dr. Alfred Sommer, Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Dr. Sommer retired as dean of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in September 2005. He continues to serve as a professor of ophthalmology, epidemiology, and international health at this institution; Director of BD, Inc., a medical technology company; Director of the Academy for Educational Development; Chairman of the MicroNutrient Forum; Director of the Foundation of the National Institutes of Health; Director of the Laser Foundation; and senior medical advisor for Helen Keller International. Dr. Sommer’s address is 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room E6527, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.

Dwight S. Taylor, Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Mr. Taylor is president of Corporate Development Services, LLC, a commercial real estate developer that is a subsidiary of Corporate Office Properties Trust, and a director of MICROS Systems, Inc., a provider of information technology for the hospitality and retail industry. He also serves on the National Board of the National Association of Industrial & Office Properties, and is President of its Maryland chapter. Mr. Taylor is a founding member of Associated Black Charities of Maryland and currently serves on the Board of Trustees of the Baltimore Polytechnic Institute Foundation, Capitol College, and Lincoln University. Mr. Taylor’s address is 8815 Centre Park Drive, Suite 400, Columbia, Maryland 21045.

Anne Marie Whittemore, Director of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. Mrs. Whittemore is a partner of the law firm of McGuireWoods, L.L.P. and a Director of Owens & Minor, Inc. and Albemarle Corporation. Mrs. Whittemore’s address is One James Center, Richmond, Virginia 23219.

 

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The following are directors or executive officers of Group and/or the investment managers (Price Associates, T. Rowe Price International, Global Investment Services, or Global Asset Management):

 

Name

  

Company Name

  

Position Held

With Company

Edward C. Bernard    T. Rowe Price Advisory Services, Inc.    Director President
   T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.    Director Vice President
   T. Rowe Price (Canada), Inc.    Director President
   T. Rowe Price Global Asset Management Limited    Chairman of the Board Director
   T. Rowe Price Global Investment Services Limited    Chairman of the Board Director
   T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.    Vice Chairman of the Board Director Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Insurance Agency, Inc.    Director President
   T. Rowe Price International, Inc.    Director
   T. Rowe Price Investment Services, Inc.    Chairman of the Board Director President
   T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc.    Chairman of the Board Director
   T. Rowe Price Savings Bank    Chairman of the Board Director
   T. Rowe Price Services, Inc.    Chairman of the Board Director
   T. Rowe Price Trust Company    Chairman of the Board Chief Executive Officer Director President
Calum Ferguson    T. Rowe Price Global Asset Management Limited    Chief Compliance Officer Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Global Investment Services Limited    Chief Compliance Officer Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.    Vice President
   T. Rowe Price International, Inc.    Chief Compliance Officer Vice President

 

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John R. Gilner    T. Rowe Price Advisory Services, Inc.    Chief Compliance Officer
   T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.    Chief Compliance Officer Vice President
   T. Rowe Price (Canada), Inc.    Chief Compliance Officer Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.    Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Investment Services, Inc.    Vice President
James A.C. Kennedy    T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.    Director President
   T. Rowe Price Global Asset Management Limited    Director
   T. Rowe Price Global Investment Services Limited    Director
   T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.    Chief Executive Officer Director President
   T. Rowe Price International, Inc.    Director
   T. Rowe Price Threshold Fund Associates, Inc.    Director Vice President
S. James Mazarakis    T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.    Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.    Chief Technology Officer Vice President
Kenneth V. Moreland    T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.    Chief Financial Officer
   TRP Colorado Springs, L.L.C.    President
   T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.    Chief Financial Officer Vice President
   TRP Finance, Inc.    Director President
   TRP Suburban, Inc.    Director President
   TRP Suburban Second, Inc.    Director President
Mary J. Miller    T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.    Director Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.    Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Trust Company    Director

 

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Brian C. Rogers    T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.   

Chairman of the Board

Chief Investment Officer Director Vice President

   T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.    Chief Investment Officer Director Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Trust Company    Vice President
R. Todd Ruppert    T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.    Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Global Asset Management Limited    Chief Executive Officer Director President
   T. Rowe Price Global Investment Services Limited    Chief Executive Officer Director President
   T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.    Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc.    Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Trust Company    Vice President
   TRPH Corporation    Director President
   T. Rowe Price (Canada), Inc.    Vice President
David J.L. Warren    T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.    Director
   T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.    Vice President
   T. Rowe Price Global Asset Management Ltd.    Director
   T. Rowe Price Global Investment Services Ltd.    Director
   T. Rowe Price International, Inc.    Chief Executive Officer Director President

Certain directors and officers of Group and Price Associates are also officers and/or directors of one or more of the Price Funds and/or one or more of the affiliated entities listed herein.

See also “Management of the Funds,” in Registrant’s Statement of Additional Information.

 

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HARRIS ASSOCIATES L.P. (“HARRIS ASSOCIATES”)

Harris Associates L.P. (“HALP”) is a registered investment adviser under the Advisers Act. The directors and executive officers of Harris Associates have had as their sole business, profession, vocation or employment during the past two years only their duties as executive officers/employees of Harris Associates or its predecessors. Harris Associates Inc. (“HAI”) is HALP’s general partner. HALP is affiliated with and a limited partner of Harris Associates Securities L.P. (“HASLP”), a broker-dealer. The business address of Harris Associates is Two North LaSalle Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60602.

Directors and Officers

Name, Address and Position(s) and Age at December 31, 2006 and Principal Occupation(s) during the Past Five Years.

PETER S. VOSS. 60. Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, IXIS Asset Management Group, President and Chief Executive Officer, IXIS Asset Management US Corporation, formerly named IXIS Asset Management North America L.P. (investment management), Chairman of IXIS Asset Management US, LLC, Member of the Supervisory Board, IXIS Asset Management; Director, Harris Associates Inc., Address: c/o IXIS Asset Management Group, 399 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116.

ROBERT LEVY. 56. Chairman, HAI, Chief Investment Officer, HALP, since 2001; President and Chief Executive Officer, HAI, HALP and HASLP, 1997-2002; Portfolio Manager, HALP.

HENRY R. BERGHOEF. 57. Director of Domestic Research, since January 2003; Vice President and Analyst and Portfolio Manager, HALP; Associate Director of Research, 2001-2002.

DAVID G. HERRO. 46. Director, HAI, Chief Investment Officer, International Equity, since 2003; Portfolio Manager, and Analyst, HALP.

JOHN R. RAITT. 52. Director, HAI, President and Chief Executive Officer of HAI, HALP and HASLP, since January 2003; Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, HALP, 2001-2003; Director of Research, 1998-2003, and Associate Director of Research, HALP prior thereto; Analyst, HALP.

JANET L. REALI. 55. Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary, HAI, HALP and HASLP, since 2001. Senior Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, Everen Capital Corp. and Everen Securities, Inc. 1995-1999 (broker-dealer).

KRISTI L. ROWSELL. 40. Director, Treasurer, Chief Financial Officer, HAI, HALP and HASLP, since 1999.

CHAD M. CLARK. 34. Vice President, HALP. Portfolio Manager and International Analyst, HALP since 1995. Financial Analyst, William Blair & Company 1994-1995.

CLYDE S. MCGREGOR. 54. Vice President, HALP. Portfolio Manager HALP, since 1981.

MICHAEL J. MANGAN. 43. Vice President, HALP. Portfolio Manager HALP, since 1997. Portfolio Manager Stein Roe & Farnham 1988-1997.

MICHAEL J. NEARY. 38. Vice President, HALP. Managing Director, Marketing and Client Relations HALP, since 2002. Director, Marketing and Client Relations HALP, since 1995.

WILLIAM C. NYGREN. 48. Vice President, HAI. Portfolio Manager and Analyst HALP since 1983. Director of Research, 1990-1998.

G. NEAL RYLAND. 65. Director, HAI, since 2000; Executive Vice President and CFO, IXIS Asset Management US LLC, since 2000. Address: c/o IXIS Asset Management Group, 399 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116.

 

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FIDELITY MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH COMPANY (“FMR”)

FMR serves as investment adviser to a number of other investment companies. The directors and officers of the Adviser have held, during the past two fiscal years, the following positions of a substantial nature.

 

Edward C. Johnson 3d    Chairman of the Board and Director of Fidelity Management & Research Company (FMR), FMR Co., Inc. (FMRC), Fidelity Research & Analysis Company (FRAC), and Fidelity Investments Money Management, Inc. (FIMM); Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board, and Director of FMR Corp.; Trustee of funds advised by FMR.
Abigail P. Johnson    Previously served as President and Director of FMR, FMRC, and FIMM (2005), Senior Vice President of funds advised by FMR (2005), and Trustee of funds advised by FMR (2006). Currently a Director and Vice Chairman (2006) of FMR Corp., President of Fidelity Employer Service Co. (FESCO) (2005), and President and a Director of Fidelity Investments Institutional Operations Company, Inc. (FIIOC) (2005).
Peter S. Lynch    Vice Chairman and Director of FMR and FMRC and member of the Advisory Board of funds advised by FMR (2003). Previously served as Trustee of funds advised by FMR (2003).
Robert L. Reynolds    President and Director of FMR, FMRC, and FIMM (2005); Director, Chief Operating Officer, and Vice Chairman (2006) of FMR Corp.
Thomas Allen    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Paul Antico    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and a fund advised by FMR.
Ramin Arani    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
John Avery    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and a fund advised by FMR.
David Bagnani    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2004).
Robert Bertelson    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Stephen Binder    Previously served as Vice President of FMR, FMRC and a fund advised by FMR (2006).
William Bower    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Philip L. Bullen    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC; Vice President of certain Equity funds advised by FMR; Previously served as President and Director of FRAC and Fidelity Management & Research (U.K.) Inc. (FMR U.K.) (2006) and Director of Strategic Advisers, Inc. (2005).

 

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Steve Buller    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and a fund advised by FMR.
John J. Burke    Senior Vice President of FMR (2006); Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2006).
John H. Carlson    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2003); Vice President of funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2003).
Stephen Calhoun    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2005), and funds advised by FMR.
James Catudal    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Ren Y. Cheng    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of Strategic Advisers, Inc. (2005).
C. Robert Chow    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and a fund advised by FMR.
Dwight D. Churchill    Executive Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2005); Vice President of Equity funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMR (2005) and FIMM (2006).
William Carlyle Coash    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Timothy Cohen    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2003), and funds advised by FMR.
Katherine Collins    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2003); Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2003).
Michael Connolly    Vice President of FMR and FMRC.
Brian B. Conroy    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Matthew Conti    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2003), and funds advised by FMR.
William Danoff    Senior Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Joseph Day    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Scott E. DeSano    Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2005).
Penelope Dobkin    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Julie Donovan    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2003).
Walter C. Donovan    Executive Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2005); Vice President of High Income funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2003).

 

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Bettina Doulton    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC; Previously served as Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Stephen DuFour   

Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.

William Eigen   

Previously served as Vice President of FMR, FMRC, Strategic Advisers, Inc., and funds advised by FMR (2005).

Michael Elizondo    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Brian Peter Enyeart    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Bahaa Fam    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006); Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Jeffrey Feingold    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2005), and a fund advised by FMR.
Robert Scott Feldman    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Richard B. Fentin    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC and Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Keith Ferguson    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2005).
Karen Firestone    Previously served as Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR (2005).
Jay Freedman   

Previously served as Assistant Secretary of FMR, FMRC and Fidelity Distributors Corporation (FDC), and Secretary of FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, Strategic Advisers, Inc. and FMR Corp. (2006).

Matthey H. Friedman    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Matthew Fruhan    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
Robert M. Gervis    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Christopher J. Goudie    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Boyce I. Greer    Executive Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2005); Senior Vice President of FIMM (2006); Vice President of the Select, Asset Allocation, Fixed-Income, and Money Market funds advised by FMR.
Robert J. Haber    Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006); Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Richard C. Habermann    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC and Vice President of funds advised by FMR.

 

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John F. Haley    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2007).
Karen Hammond    Executive Vice President of FMR (2005); Previously served as Assistant Treasurer of FMR, FMRC, FMR U.K., FRAC, and FIMM, Vice President of FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, and Strategic Advisers, Inc., and Treasurer of Strategic Advisers, Inc. and FMR Corp. (2005).
Brian J. Hanson    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2004), and funds advised by FMR.
James Harmon    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and a fund advised by FMR.
Lionel Harris    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2003); Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Ian Hart    Vice President of FMR, FMRC and a fund advised by FMR.
Teresa A. Hassara    Vice President of FMR (2005).
Timothy F. Hayes    Previously served as Executive Vice President of FMR (2006).
John Hebble    Vice President of FMR (2003).
Timothy Heffernan    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Thomas Hense    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Cesar Hernandez    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Bruce T. Herring    Senior Vice President of FMR (2006); Vice President of FMRC and of certain Equity funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2006).
Adam Hetnarski    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
John J. Hitt    Assistant Secretary of FMR, FMRC, FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, Strategic Advisers, Inc., FDC, and FMR Corp. (2006).
Frederick D. Hoff, Jr.    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and a fund advised by FMR.
Brian Hogan    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Michael T. Jenkins    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2004).
David B. Jones    Vice President of FMR.
Sonu Kalra    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.
Rajiv Kaul    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006); Vice President of funds advised by FMR.

 

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Steven Kaye    Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC and Vice President of a fund advised by FMR (2007).
Jonathan Kelly    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2003), and funds advised by FMR.
William Kennedy    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Francis V. Knox, Jr.    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and Assistant Treasurer of funds advised by FMR (2005).
Karen Korn    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Deborah Foye Kuenstner    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Harry W. Lange    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Harley Lank    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Thomas P. Lavin    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Robert A. Lawrence    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006); Vice President of High Income funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Director of Geode, President of Fidelity Strategic Investments, and Vice President of FMR Corp. (2005).
Maxime Lemieux    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006); Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Harris Leviton    Previously served as Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR (2006).
Douglas Lober    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
James MacDonald    Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMR (2005).
Robert B. MacDonald    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2004); Vice President of Strategic Advisers, Inc. (2004).
Richard R. Mace    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC and Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Charles A. Mangum    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2005); Vice President of funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2005).
Darren Maupin    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
Kevin McCarey    Previously served as Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR (2006).
Christine McxConnell    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2003), and a fund advised by FMR.

 

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John B. McDowell    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC and Vice President of certain Equity funds advised by FMR.
Neal P. Miller    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and a fund advised by FMR.
Peter J. Millington    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Robert Minicus    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Jeffrey Mitchell    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2003).
Eric M. Mollenhauer    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2004).
Kimberley Monasterio    President and Treasurer of funds advised by FMR (2007).
Charles S. Morrison    Vice President of FMR and Money Market funds advised by FMR; Senior Vice President of FIMM (2003); Previously served as Vice President of FIMM (2003).
David L. Murphy    Executive Vice President of FMR (2005); Vice President of Fixed-Income and Money Market funds advised by FMR; Senior Vice President of FIMM (2003); Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2005) and FIMM (2003).
Chalres L. Myers    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.
Steve Neff    Senior Vice President of FMR (2005).
Mark Notkin    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Scott Offen    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2003), and a fund advised by FMR.
Fatima Penrose    Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMR (2006) and Vice President of FMR (2005).
Shep Perkins    Vice President of FMR (2006), FMRC (2004), and a fund advised by FMR.
Stephen Petersen    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC and Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
John R. Porter    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2004), and funds advised by FMR.
Keith Quinton    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Alan Radlo    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Larry Rakers    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.

 

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William R. Ralls    Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2005).
Kenneth A. Rathgeber    Chief Compliance Officer of FMR, FMRC, FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, and Strategic Advisers, Inc. (2005).
Christine Reynolds    Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMR (2007); President and Treasurer of funds advised by FMR (2007); Vice President of FMR and Anti-Money Laundering Officer (2006).
Kennedy Richardson    Vice President of FMR and FMRC.
Clare S. Richer    Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMR (2005); Chief Financial Officer (2005), Executive Vice President (2005), and Treasurer of FMR Corp. (2006).
Kenneth Robins    Assistant Secretary of FMR (2006).
Graeme Rockett    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
Eric D. Roiter    Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary of FMR and FMRC; Secretary of funds advised by FMR; Assistant Secretary of FMR U.K., FRAC, and FIMM; Previously served as Vice President and Secretary of FDC (2005).
Stephen Rosen    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2004), and a fund advised by FMR.
Louis Salemy    Previously served as Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR (2006).
Lee H. Sandwen    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Peter Saperstone    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Andy H. Sassine    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.
Chrisopher Linden Sharpe    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
Jonathan Allen Shelon    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
J. Fergus Shiel    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
Beso Sikharulidze    Previously served as Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and a fund advised by FMR (2005).
Carol A. Smith-Fachetti    Vice President of FMR and FMRC.
Steven J. Snider    Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006); Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.

 

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Mark P. Snyderman    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2004), and funds advised by FMR.
Thomas T. Soviero    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2005); Vice President of funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2005).
George Stairs    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.
Robert E. Stansky    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC; Previously served as a Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Nicholas E. Steck    Senior Vice President of FMR (2006); Compliance Officer of FMR (2006), FMRC (2006), FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM (2006), Strategic Advisers, Inc. (2005), and FMR Corp.; Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2006).
Cynthia C. Strauss    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006).
Susan Sturdy    Assistant Secretary of FMR, FMRC, and FDC; Secretary of FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, Strategic Advisers, Inc., and FMR Corp. (2006); Previously served as Assistant Secretary of FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, Strategic Advisers, Inc., and FMR Corp. (2006).
Yolanda Taylor    Vice President of FMR and FMRC.
Victor Thay    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2003), and a fund advised by FMR.
Richard S. Thompson    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.
Joel C. Tillinghast    Senior Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Matthew C. Torrey    Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2004).
Robert Tuckett    Vice President of FMR.
Jennifer Uhrig    Senior Vice President of FMR (2005); Vice President of FMRC and funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2005).
George A. Vanderheiden    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC.
Robert B. Von Rekowsky    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2004), and funds advised by FMR.
Samuel Wald    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2006), and funds advised by FMR.

 

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J. Gregory Wass    Assistant Treasurer of FMR, FMRC, FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, Strategic Advisers, Inc., FDC and FMR Corp. (2003); Vice President, Taxation, of FMR Corp.
Jason Weiner    Vice President of FMR, FMRC, and funds advised by FMR.
Eric Wetlaufer    Senior Vice President of FMR and FMRC (2006); President and Director of FMR U.K. and FRAC (2006); Vice President of certain Equity funds advised by FMR.
Ellen Wilson    Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2004); Executive Vice President, Human Resources, of FMR Corp. (2004).
Steven S. Wymer    Senior Vice President of FMR (2005); Vice President of FMRC and a fund advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2005).
JS Wynant    Vice President of FMR and FMRC; Treasurer of FMR, FMRC, FMR U.K., FRAC, and FIMM.
Derek L. Young    Vice President of FMR, FMRC (2004), and funds advised by FMR.

 

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FMR CO., INC. (FMRC)

FMRC provides investment advisory services to Fidelity Management & Research Company. The directors and officers of the Sub-Adviser have held the following positions of a substantial nature during the past two fiscal years.

 

Edward C. Johnson 3d    Chairman of the Board and Director of FMRC, FMR, FRAC, and FIMM ; Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board and Director of FMR Corp.; Trustee of funds advised by FMR.
Abigail P. Johnson    Previously served as President and Director of FMRC, FMR, and FIMM (2005), Senior Vice President of funds advised by FMR (2005), and Trustee of funds advised by FMR (2006). Currently a Director and Vice Chairman (2006) of FMR Corp., President of FESCO (2005), and President and a Director of FIIOC (2005).
Peter S. Lynch    Vice Chairman and Director of FMRC and FMR and member of the Advisory Board of funds advised by FMR (2003). Previously served as Trustee of funds advised by FMR (2003).
Robert L. Reynolds    President and Director of FMRC, FMR, and FIMM (2005); Director, Chief Operating Officer, and Vice Chairman (2006) of FMR Corp.
Thomas Allen    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Paul Antico    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and a fund advised by FMR.
Ramin Arani    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
John Avery    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and a fund advised by FMR.
David Bagnani    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2004).
Robert Bertelson    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Stephen Binder    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and a fund advised by FMR (2006).
William Bower    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Philip L. Bullen    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR; Vice President of certain Equity Funds advised by FMR; Previously served as President and Director of FRAC and FMR U.K. (2006), and Director of Strategic Advisers, Inc. (2005).
Steve Buller    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and a fund advised by FMR.
Steven Calhoun    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2005), and funds advised by FMR.
John H. Carlson    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2003); Vice President of funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2003).

 

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James Catudal    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Ren Y. Cheng    Vice President of FMRC, FMR and funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of Strategic Advisers, Inc. (2005).
C. Robert Chow    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and a fund advised by FMR.
Dwight D. Churchill    Executive Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2005); Vice President of Equity funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMR (2005) and FIMM (2006).
William Carlyle Coash    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Timothy Cohen    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2003), and funds advised by FMR.
Katherine Collins    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2003); Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2003).
Michael Connolly    Vice President of FMRC and FMR.
Brian B. Conroy    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Matthew Conti    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2003), and funds advised by FMR.
William Danoff    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR and Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Joseph Day    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Scott E. DeSano    Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2005).
Penelope Dobkin    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Julie Donovan    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2003).
Walter C. Donovan    Executive Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2005); Vice President of High Income funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2005).
Bettina Doulton    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR; Previously served as Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Stephen DuFour    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
William Eigen    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC, FMR, Strategic Advisers, Inc., and funds advised by FMR (2005).
Michael Elizondo    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).

 

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Brian Peter Enyeart    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Bahaa Fam    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006); Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Jeffrey Feingold    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2005), and a fund advised by FMR.
Robert Scott Feldman    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Richard B. Fentin    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR and Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Keith Ferguson    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2005).
Karen Firestone    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR (2005).
Jay Freedman    Previously served as Assistant Secretary of FMRC, FMR, FDC and Secretary of FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, Strategic Advisers, Inc. and FMR Corp. (2006).
Matthey H. Friedman    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Matthew Fruhan    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
Robert M. Gervis    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Christopher J. Goudie    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Boyce I. Greer    Executive Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2005); Senior Vice President of FIMM (2006); Vice President of the Select, Asset Allocation, Fixed-Income, and Money Market funds advised by FMR.
Robert J. Haber    Previously served as Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006); Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Richard C. Habermann    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR and Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
John F. Haley    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2007).
Karen Hammond    Previously served as Assistant Treasurer of FMRC, FMR, FMR U.K., FRAC, and FIMM, Vice President of FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, and Strategic Advisers, Inc., and Treasurer of Strategic Advisers, Inc. and FMR Corp.(2005); Executive Vice President of FMR (2005).
Brian J. Hanson    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2004), and funds advised by FMR.

 

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James Harmon    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and a fund advised by FMR.
Lionel Harris    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2003); Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Ian Hart    Vice President of FMRC, FMR and a fund advised by FMR.
Timothy Heffernan    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Thomas Hense    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Cesar Hernandez    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Bruce T. Herring    Vice President of FMRC and of certain Equity funds advised by FMR; Senior Vice President of FMR (2006); Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2006).
Adam Hetnarski    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
John J. Hitt    Assistant Secretary of FMRC, FMR, FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, Strategic Advisers, Inc., FDC, and FMR Corp. (2006).
Frederick D. Hoff, Jr.    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and a fund advised by FMR.
Brian Hogan    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Michael T. Jenkins    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2004).
Sonu Kalra    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.
Rajiv Kaul    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006); Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Steven Kaye    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR and Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Jonathan Kelly    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2003), and funds advised by FMR.
William Kennedy    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Karen R. Korn    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Deborah Foye Kuenstner    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Harry W. Lange    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Harley Lank    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Thomas P. Lavin    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).

 

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Robert A. Lawrence    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006); Vice President of High Income funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Director of Geode, President of Fidelity Strategic Investments, and Vice President of FMR Corp. (2005).
Maxime Lemieux    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006); Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Harris Leviton    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR (2006).
Douglas Lober    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Robert B. MacDonald    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2004); Vice President of Strategic Advisers, Inc. (2004).
Richard R. Mace    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR and Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
Charles A. Mangum    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2005); Vice President of funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2005).
Darren Maupin    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
Kevin McCarey    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR (2006).
Christine McConnell    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2003), and a fund advised by FMR.
John B. McDowell    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR and Vice President of certain Equity funds advised by FMR.
Neal P. Miller    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and a fund advised by FMR.
Peter J. Millington    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Robert Minicus    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Jeffrey Mitchell    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2003).
Eric M. Mollenhauer    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2004).
Charles L. Myers    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.
Mark Notkin    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Scott Offen    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2003), and a fund advised by FMR.
Shep Perkins    Vice President of FMRC (2004), FMR (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.

 

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Stephen Petersen    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR and Vice President of funds advised by FMR.
John R. Porter    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2004), and funds advised by FMR.
Keith Quinton    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Alan Radlo    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Larry Rakers    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Kenneth A. Rathgeber    Chief Compliance Officer of FMRC, FMR, FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, and Strategic Advisers, Inc. (2005).
Kennedy Richardson    Vice President of FMRC and FMR.
Graeme Rockett    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
Eric D. Roiter    Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary of FMRC and FMR; Secretary of funds advised by FMR; Assistant Secretary of FMR U.K., FRAC, and FIMM; Previously served as Vice President and Secretary of FDC (2005).
Stephen Rosen    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2004), and a fund advised by FMR.
Louis Salemy    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR (2006).
Lee H. Sandwen    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Peter Saperstone    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Andy H. Sassine    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.
Chrisopher Linden Sharpe    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
Jonathan Allen Shelon    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
J. Fergus Shiel    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and funds advised by FMR.
Beso Sikharulidze    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and a fund advised by FMR (2005).
Carol A. Smith-Fachetti    Vice President of FMRC and FMR.

 

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Steven J. Snider    Previously served as Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and a fund advised by FMR (2006).
Mark P. Snyderman    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2004), and funds advised by FMR.
Thomas T. Soviero    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2005); Vice President of funds advised by FMR; Previously served as Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2005).
George Stairs    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.
Robert E. Stansky    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR; Previously served as Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Nicholas E. Steck    Compliance Officer of FMRC (2006), FMR (2006), FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM (2006), Strategic Advisers, Inc. (2005), and FMR Corp.; Senior Vice President of FMR (2006); Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2006).
Cynthia C. Strauss    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006).
Susan Sturdy    Assistant Secretary of FMRC, FMR, and FDC; Secretary of FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, Strategic Advisers, Inc., and FMR Corp. (2006); Previously served as Assistant Secretary of FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, Strategic Advisers, Inc., and FMR Corp. (2006).
Yolanda Taylor    Vice President of FMRC and FMR.
Victor Thay    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2003), and a fund advised by FMR.
Richard S. Thompson    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and a fund advised by FMR.
Joel C. Tillinghast    Senior Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and Vice President of a fund advised by FMR.
Matthew C. Torrey    Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2004).
Jennifer Uhrig    Vice President of FMRC and funds advised by FMR; Senior Vice President of FMR (2005); Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2005).
George A. Vanderheiden    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR.
Robert B. Von Rekowsky    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2004), and funds advised by FMR.
Samuel Wald    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2006), and funds advised by FMR.

 

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J. Gregory Wass    Assistant Treasurer of FMRC, FMR, FMR U.K., FRAC, FIMM, Strategic Advisers, Inc., FDC and FMR Corp. (2003); Vice President, Taxation, of FMR Corp.
Jason Weiner    Vice President of FMRC, FMR, and funds advised by FMR.
Eric Wetlaufer    Senior Vice President of FMRC and FMR (2006); President and Director of FMR U.K. and FRAC (2006); Vice President of certain Equity funds advised by FMR.
Steven S. Wymer    Vice President of FMRC and a fund advised by FMR; Senior Vice President of FMR (2005); Previously served as Vice President of FMR (2005).
JS Wynant    Vice President of FMRC and FMR; Treasurer of FMRC, FMR, FMR U.K., FRAC, and FIMM.
Derek L. Young    Vice President of FMRC, FMR (2004), and funds advised by FMR.

 

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MAZAMA CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, INC. (“MAZAMA”)

The following are the names of the principal executive officers of Mazama and their positions with Mazama and other entities.

Executive Management/Board of Directors

Ronald A. Sauer

CEO/Chief Investment Officer/Senior Portfolio Manager

Investment experience: since 1980

Firm Experience: since 1993

Mr. Sauer is the founder of Mazama Capital Management. He oversees the investment process and is the lead portfolio manager on all Mazama strategies. Mr. Sauer has been active in small and mid cap investing since 1980. In his role as President and Director of Research for Black & Company, Ron spent 14 years assisting small and mid cap managers with stock selection. Earlier in his career as an analyst at Willamette Management, and now as our lead portfolio manager, Mr. Sauer developed a highly disciplined and successful investment process. He developed Mazama’s proprietary Price Performance Model (PPM) in 1985, and it is a critical component and the underlying discipline of Mazama’s investment approach. Mr. Sauer earned a Bachelor of Science in Finance from the University of Oregon in 1980. Currently, Mr. Sauer is on the Dean’s Business Advisory Council, Charles H. Lundquist College of Business at the University of Oregon, as well as the national Board of Directors for the University of Oregon Alumni Association. He is also on the Board of Providence St. Vincent Medical Foundation Council of Trustees in Portland, Oregon, a 100 Top Hospitals Award national winner.

Brian P. Alfrey

Executive Vice President/Chief Operating Officer

Investment Experience: since 1987

Firm Experience: since 1997

Mr. Alfrey is a co-founder of Mazama Capital Management and a member of its board of directors. As the firm’s Chief Operating Officer, he oversees all aspects of the firm’s business including operations and trading, business administration, personnel, finance, compliance and risk management. He has been responsible for day-to-day management of Mazama Capital Management since the firm was founded in 1997. Prior to joining Mazama he spent four years as Regional Vice President for BISYS, Inc. where he was responsible for distribution and marketing of US Bancorp’s highly successful Qualivest Fund Family, which he helped launch in 1994. Earlier, he worked as the Compliance Officer for US Bancorp’s Securities Division and as a registered representative for Paine Webber, Inc. Mr. Alfrey earned a Bachelor of Science in Economics from Portland State University.

Helen M. Degener

Director/Strategic Advisor

Investment Experience: since 1966

Firm Experience: since 1999

As a member of Mazama’s Board of Directors and previously as Mazama’s Chief Investment Officer, Ms. Degener provides strategic advice to the executive management team, drawing upon 40 years of investment management experience. A close colleague of Ron Sauer’s since 1983, Ms. Degener’s career on Wall Street began in 1966 as a Research Analyst at Manufacturers

 

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Hanover Trust Company and continued to include such positions as Vice President, Portfolio Manager & Director of Research at Lepercq de Neuflize, Portfolio Manager for JPMorgan and Senior Vice President & Portfolio Manager for Fiduciary Trust Company International, Helen also oversaw publicly traded mutual funds at Lepercq de Neuflize, JPMorgan and Fiduciary. Ms. Degener attended graduate school at Clark University and New York University and received a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from Lake Erie College in 1963. Ms. Degener is also VP and Portfolio Manager for the The Mathes Company.

Executive Officers

Jill R. Collins

Senior Vice President, Client Service & Marketing

Investment Experience: since 1987

Firm Experience: since 1995

Ms. Collins is a co-founder of Mazama Capital Management and leads the client service & marketing team efforts for the firm. Prior to joining Mazama, Ms. Collins spent 9 years with Marsh & McLennan, Inc., where she focused on large, corporate clients. As Senior Vice President at Marsh, she was responsible for building the company’s West Coast sales organization and leading its efforts to attract and retain new institutional clients. Prior to that, she was the marketing manager for San Francisco-based Fee + Munson Architects. Ms. Collins brings a relationship-driven approach to marketing that is at the heart of Mazama’s focus on client service. Ms. Collins received a Bachelor of Architecture degree from the University of Oregon in 1981.

Stephen C. Brink, CFA

Senior Vice President/Director of Research /Portfolio Manager

Investment Experience: since 1977

Firm Experience: since 1997

Mr. Brink is a co-founder of Mazama Capital Management. He oversees the investment process and is responsible for research information flow and quality. Mr. Brink provides a solid analytical foundation, developed during his extensive experience in the investment industry. Mr. Brink began his career as a research analyst covering public and private small companies with Willamette Management. He joined US Trust in 1984, later becoming its Chief Investment Officer of the Pacific Northwest office responsible for the investment advisory services for over $1.5 billion in client assets. He left US Trust in 1997 to join Mazama Capital Management. Mr. Brink earned a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from Oregon State University in 1977 and his Chartered Financial Analyst designation in 1982.

Donald J. Klotter

Senior Vice President, Client Service & Marketing

Investment Experience: since 1988

Firm Experience: since 2001

Mr. Klotter is a senior member of the client service & marketing team working closely with all members of the Mazama client service & marketing team in both ongoing client service functions and external marketing. Prior to joining Mazama, Mr. Klotter spent over four years with State Street Bank Corporation as a Senior Vice President, Managing Director and co-manager of the German office, responsible for building an investment banking division throughout Europe. He was also responsible for sell-side products and relationship management with the largest institutional investors in the region. Before that Mr. Klotter was responsible for the structured finance department at US Bancorp for 5 years, his last two years working as a Senior Vice President and

 

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Managing Director. Currently, Mr. Klotter is on the Alumni Advisory Council, Robert D. Clark Honors College at the University of Oregon, as well as the national Board of Directors for the University of Oregon Alumni Association. He received a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science/German Literature from the Robert D. Clark Honors College at the University of Oregon in 1986 and an MA in International Business from Columbia University in 1987.

Shannon M. Lynch

Chief Compliance Officer

Investment Experience: since 2000

Firm Experience: since 2000

Ms. Lynch has been with the firm and in the investment business since 2000. She has been dedicated to compliance since 2002, and with the guidance of Brian Alfrey (Mr. Alfrey maintained the title of CCO from the effective date of Rule 206(4)-7 through 12/31/2006), has developed the firm’s compliance program to accommodate firm growth and additional regulatory requirements. Ms. Lynch dedicates 100% of her time entirely to compliance related matters and continues to work closely with Mr. Alfrey to continue to monitor the firm’s compliance and operational risk. She is a Certified Compliance Specialist, National Regulatory Services and active in the National Society of Compliance Professionals. She earned her BA Speech Communication from Oregon State University.

 

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ALLIANCE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT L.P. (“ALLIANCE CAPITAL”)

The information with respect to each director and principal executive officer of Alliance Capital Management L.P. is as follows:

AllianceBernstein L.P.

Board of Directors

Dominique Carrel-Billiard

Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation

Henri de Castries

Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation

Christopher M. Condron

Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation

Denis Duverne

Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation

Peter Etzenbach

Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation

Roger Hertog

Vice Chairman

Weston M. Hicks

Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation

Gerald M. Lieberman

President and Chief Operating Officer

Lewis A. Sanders

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Lorie A. Slutsky

Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation

A.W. (Pete) Smith, Jr.

Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation

Peter J. Tobin

Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation

Stanley B. Tulin

Director of AllianceBernstein Corporation

 

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AllianceBernstein L.P.

Executive Management

Lewis A. Sanders

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Mark R. Manley

Senior Vice President, Deputy General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer

Roger Hertog

Vice Chairman

Seth J. Masters

Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer—Blend Strategies and Core Equity Services

Gerald M. Lieberman

President and Chief Operating Officer

Marc O. Mayer

Executive Vice President of AllianceBernstein and Executive Managing Director of AllianceBernstein Investments, Inc.

Lawrence H. Cohen

Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer

Douglas J. Peebles

Executive Vice President, Co-Chief Investment Officer—Fixed Income, Director—Global Fixed Income

Laurence E. Cranch

Executive Vice President and General Counsel

Jeffrey S. Phlegar

Executive Vice President, Co-Chief Investment Officer—Fixed Income, Director—US Investment-Grade Fixed Income

Edward J. Farrell

Senior Vice President and Controller

James G. Reilly

Executive Vice President and U.S. Large Cap Growth Team Leader

Sharon E. Fay

Chief Investment Officer—Global Value Equities

Paul C. Rissman

Executive Vice President and Director of Research—Global Growth Equites

Marilyn G. Fedak

Executive Vice President, Head—Bernstein Global Value Equities Business and Co-Chief Investment Officer—US Value Equities

Lisa A. Shalett

Executive Vice President of AllianceBernstein and Chairman of the Board, Sanford C. Bernstein & Co., LLC

Mark R. Gordon

Executive Vice President, Director of Global Quantitative Research and Chief Investment Officer, Global Diversified Funds

David A. Steyn

Executive Vice President and Head—AllianceBernstein Institutional Investments

Thomas S. Hexner

Executive Vice President and Head—Bernstein Global Wealth Management

Christopher M. Toub

Executive Vice President of AllianceBernstein, Chief Executive Officer of AllianceBernstein Limited and Head—Global/International Growth Equities

Robert H. Joseph, Jr

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

 

Note: All the members listed above, with the exception of Messrs. Joseph and Farrell, are members of AllianceBernstein’s Management Executive Committee.

 

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CLOVER CAPITAL MANAGEMENT (“CLOVER”)

The following are the names of the principal executive officers of Clover and their positions with Clover and its affiliated entities are:

Michael E. Jones, CFA (Officer - President and Director) Mike is the Chief Executive Officer and a co-founder of the Firm. Mike’s primary role is Chief Investment Officer, where he oversees the Firm’s portfolio management effort. In addition to his strategy and portfolio management responsibilities, Mike conducts equity research in the Health Care and Consumer Discretionary sectors.

Stephen J. Carl, Esq. (Officer – Secretary & Treasurer and Director) Steve is the Firm’s Chief Operating Officer, overseeing the Firm’s Operations, Legal/Compliance and the Sales/Marketing efforts. After practicing law privately for several years, Steve became Legal Counsel to a Family of Companies, including two investment advisors, a mutual fund complex and a trust company. He joined Clover Capital in 2000, broadening his horizons by assuming business and client service responsibilities on top of his legal/compliance functions.

James G. Gould, CPA (Director) Jim was Vice President of Marketing and Client Services at Clover from 1987-2000, until he founded WealthCFO, LLC in 2000, known since late 2002 as Alesco Advisers, LLC.

WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT COMPANY, LLP (“WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT”)

The principal business address of Wellington Management Company, LLP is 75 State Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02109. Wellington Management Company, LLP is an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. During the last two fiscal years, no partner of Wellington Management Company, LLP, the Fund’s investment sub-adviser, has engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature other than that of the business of investment management.

 

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SANDS CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC (“SANDS”)

Sands Capital Management, LLC is located at:

1100 Wilson Blvd., Suite 3050, Arlington, VA 22209

Listed below are the names, addresses, and principal occupations during the past five years for the principal executive officers, directors, or general partners of Sands Capital:

 

Name

  

Title

  

Length of Service

  

Business Experience Past 5 Years

Frank M. Sands, Sr., CFA

   Chief Executive Officer, Chief Investment Officer    15 years   

David E. Levanson, CFA

   Senior Research Analyst, Senior Portfolio Manager, Director of U.S. Mutual Funds    5 years    Before re-joining Sands Capital in 2002, Mr. Levanson was a research analyst for MFS Investment Management.

Frank M. Sands, Jr., CFA

   President, Senior Portfolio Manager, Director of Research    7 years   

A. Michael Sramek, CFA

   Research Analyst, Portfolio Manager    6 years   

 

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WESTERN ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANY (“WESTERN ASSET”)

Western Asset Management Company – 385 E. Colorado Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91101

 

NAME AND POSITION
WITH INVESTMENT ADVISER

  

NAME OF OTHER COMPANY

  

CONNECTION WITH OTHER
COMPANY

Bruce D. Alberts

Chief Financial Officer

   None    None

Peter L. Bain

Director

  

LMCM

Brandywine

Brandywine (Singapore)

Legg Mason, Inc.

Nova Scotia

LMFM

Barrett

Bartlett

Berkshire

BMML

LM Funding

LM International Hldgs

LM Properties

LMRG

LMCRES

LM Tower

PCM I

PCM II

Permal

Royce

Western Asset Management Company Limited

  

Director

Manager

Director

Senior Executive Vice President

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Vice President

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Direct or

Director

Manager

Director

 

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Table of Contents
  

WAM Tokyo

WAM Australia

WAMCO Hldgs Ltd.

WAM Singapore

  

Director

Director

Director

Director

D. Daniel Fleet

President

  

Western Asset management Company Ltd

Western Asset Management Company Pty Ltd

  

Director

Director

James W. Hirschmann

Director and Chief Executive Officer

  

Western Asset Management Company Limited

Legg Mason, Inc.

  

Director and Managing Director

 

President and Chief Operating Officer

Gregory B. McShea

General Counsel, Secretary and Chief Compliance Officer

   Western Asset Management Company Limited    General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer

Gavin L. James

Director of Global Client Services

   None    None

S. Kenneth Leech

Chief Investment Officer

   None    None

Timothy C. Scheve

Director

  

LMCM

LMFM

LMIC

Legg Mason, Inc.

Nova Scotia

LMIS

LMFunds

LM Holdings

Legg Mason Asset Management Australia Limited

  

Director

Director

Director

Senior Executive Vice President

Director

Co-Managing Director

Director

Director

Director

 

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Legg Mason Canada Holding Ltd

Legg Mason Holdings (Australia) Pty Ltd

Legg Mason International
Equities Limited

Legg Mason International
Equities (Hong Kong) Limited

Legg Mason International
Equities (Singapore) Pte. Limited

LMI Hong Kong

LMI Taiwan

Legg Mason Investments
(Taiwan) Holdings Ltd

Legg Mason Management
Services (Hong Kong) Limited

Legg Mason Securities (Japan) Co., Ltd

LM Poland

Legg Mason (UK) Holdings Plc

LM Poland II

LM International Hldgs

WAM Tokyo

Western Asset Management
Company Limited

WAM Australia

WAMCO Hldgs Ltd

WAM Singapore

  

Director

Director

Director

 

Director

 

Director

 

Director

Director

Director

 

Director

 

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

 

Director

Director

Director

Stephan A. Walsh

Deputy Chief Investment Officer

   None    None

 

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WESTERN ASSET MANAGEMENT LIMITED (“WAML”)

Western Asset Management Company Limited – 10 Exchange Square, Primrose Street, London EC2A 2EN, United Kingdom

 

NAME AND POSITION WITH
INVESTMENT ADVISER

 

NAME OF OTHER COMPANY

 

CONNECTION WITH OTHER COMPANY

Peter L. Bain  

LMCM

Brandywine

Brandywine (Singapore)

Legg Mason, Inc.

Nova Scotia

LMFM

Barrett

Bartlett

Berkshire

BMML

LM Funding

LM International Hldgs

LM Properties

LMRG

LMCRES

LM Tower

PCM I

PCM II

Permal

Royce

Western Asset Management Co.

WAM Tokyo

WAM Australia

 

Director

Manager

Director

Senior Executive Vice President

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Manager

Director

Director

Director

 

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  WAMCO Hldgs Ltd   Director
  WAM Singapore   Director
James W. Hirschmann   Western Asset Management Company   Director and Chief Executive
    Director and Managing Director     Officer
  Legg Mason, Inc.   President and Chief Operating
    Officer
Gregory B. McShea   Western Asset Management   Secretary, General Counsel and
    General Counsel and Chief   Company   Chief Compliance Officer
    Compliance Officer    
Timothy C. Scheve Director   LMCM   Director
  LMFM   Director
  LMIC   Director
  Legg Mason, Inc.   Senior Executive Vice President
  Nova Scotia   Director
  LMIS   Co-Managing Director
  LMFunds   Director
  LM Holdings   Director
  Legg Mason Asset Management   Director
  Australia Limited  
  Legg Mason Asset Management   Director
  Australia Limited  
  Legg Mason Canada Holding Ltd   Director
  Legg Mason Holdings (Australia) Pty   Director
  Ltd  
  Legg Mason International Equities   Director
  Limited  
  Legg Mason International Equities   Director
  (Hong Kong) Limited  
  Legg Mason International Equities   Director
  (Singapore) Pte. Limited  
  LMI Hong Kong   Director

 

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Table of Contents
  LMI Taiwan   Director
 

Legg Mason Investments

(Taiwan) Holdings Ltd

  Director
 

Legg Mason Management

Services (Hong Kong) Limited

  Director
  Legg Mason Securities (Japan) Co., Ltd   Director
  LM Poland   Director
  Legg Mason (UK) Holdings Plc   Director
  LM Poland II   Director
  LM International Hldgs   Director
  WAM Tokyo   Director
 

Western Asset Management

Company Limited

  Director
  WAM Australia   Director
  WAMCO Hldgs. Ltd   Director
  WAM Singapore   Director

Suzanne Taylor-King

    Finance Officer

  None   None

Michael B. Zelouf

    Director and Senior Executive

    Officer

  None   None

(3040692) Nova Scotia Company (“Nova Scotia”)

1959 Upper Water Street

P.O. Box 997

Halifax, Nova Scotia B35 2X2

Barrett Associates, Inc. (“Barrett”)

90 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10016

Bartlett & Co. (“Bartlett”)

36 East Fourth Street

Cincinnati, OH 45202

 

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Berkshire Asset Management, Inc. (“Berkshire”)

46 Public Square, Suite 700

Wilkes-Barre, PA 18701

BMML, Inc. (“BMML”)

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

Brandywine Global Investment Management, LLC (“Brandywine”)

2929 Arch Street

Philadelphia, PA 19104

Brandywine Global Investment Management (Asia) Pte Ltd. (“Brandywine Singapore”)

36 Robinson House, #18

City House

Singapore

Legg Mason Asset Management Australia Limited

Level 13

120 Collins Street

Melbourne, Victoria 3000

Australia

Legg Mason Canada Holdings Ltd.

44 Chipman Hill, 10th Floor

St. John, New Brunswick E2L 4S6

Canada

Legg Mason Holdings (Australia) Pty Ltd

Level 1

224 Queens Street

Melbourne, Victoria

Australia

Legg Mason Capital Management, Inc. (“LMCM”)

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

Legg Mason Commercial Real Estate Services, Inc. (“LMCRES”)

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

Legg Mason Funds Management, Inc. (“LMFM”)

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

Legg Mason Funding Corp. (“LM Funding”)

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

Legg Mason, Inc.

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

 

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Legg Mason International Equities Limited

Citigroup Centre, Canada Square

Canary Wharf, London E14 5LB

United Kingdom

Legg Mason International Equities (Hong Kong) Limited

20/F., Three Exchange Square

8 Connaught Place

Central, Hong Kong

Legg Mason International Equities (Singapore) Pte. Limited

1 George Street #23-01

Singapore 049145

Legg Mason Investments (Hong Kong) Limited (“LMI Hong Kong”)

20/F., Three Exchange Square

8 Connaught Place

Central, Hong Kong

Legg Mason Investments (Taiwan) Limited (“LMI Taiwan”)

Suite E, 55F, Taipei

101 Tower, 7, Xin Yi Road, Section 5,

Taipei, 110, Taiwan, R.O.C.

Legg Mason Investments (Taiwan) Holdings Limited

20/F., Three Exchange Square

8 Connaught Place

Central, Hong Kong

Legg Mason Management Services (Hong Kong) Limited

20/F., Three Exchange Square

8 Connaught Place

Central, Hong Kong

Legg Mason Properties, Inc. (“LM Properties”)

5955 Carnegie Boulevard

Suite 200

Charlotte, NC 28209

Legg Mason Realty Group, Inc. (“LMRG”)

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

Legg Mason Securities (Japan) Co., Ltd.

Ote Center Building

1-1-3 Otemachi Chiyoda-ku

Tokyo 100-0004

Legg Mason Towarzystwo Funduszy Inwestycyjnych Spolka Akcyjna (“LM Poland”)

ul. Traugutta 7/9

00-067 Warszawa

POLAND

 

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Legg Mason (UK) Holdings PLC

75 King William Street

London EC4N 7BE

Legg Mason Zarzadzanie Aktywami Spolka Akcyjna (“LM Poland II”)

ul. Traugutta 7/9

00-067 Warszawa

POLAND

Legg Mason Tower, Inc. (“LM Tower”)

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

Legg Mason Investment Counsel & Trust Company, N.A. (“LMIC”)

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

Legg Mason Investor Services, LLC (“LMIS”)

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

LM Fund Services, Inc. (“LMFunds”)

100 Light Street

Baltimore, MD 21202

LM Holdings, Limited (“LM Holdings”)

10 Exchange Square

Primrose Street

London EC2A 2EN

United Kingdom

LM International Holdings (UK) Limited (“LM International Hldgs”)

2 Serjeant’s Inn

London EC2Y 1LT

Permal Group Inc. (“Permal”)

900 Third Avenue 28th Floor

New York, NY 10022

PCM Holdings I, Inc. (“PCM I”)

8889 Pelican Bay Boulevard, Suite 500

Naples, FL 34108-7512

PCM Holdings II, LLC (“PCM II”)

8889 Pelican Bay Boulevard, Suite 500

Naples, FL 34108-7512

Royce & Associates, LLC (“Royce”)

1414 Avenue of the Americas

New York, NY 10019

 

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Western Asset Management Company (“WAM”)

385 East Colorado Boulevard

Pasadena, CA 91101

Western Asset Management Company Limited (“WAMCL”)

10 Exchange Square

Primrose Street

London EC2A 2EN

United Kingdom

Western Asset Management Company Ltd (“WAM Tokyo”)

Ote Center Building

1-1-3 Otemachi Chiyoda-ku

Tokyo 100-0004

Japan

Western Asset Management Company Pty Ltd (“WAM Australia”)

Level 13

120 Collins Street

GPO Box 507

Melbourne Victoria 3000

Australia

Western Asset Management (UK) Holdings Limited (“WAMCO Hldgs Ltd”)

10 Exchange Square

Primrose Street

London EC2A 2EN

United Kingdom

Western Asset Management Company Pte. Ltd. (“WAM Singapore”)

1 George Street #23-01

Singapore 049145

 

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EAGLE ASSET MANAGEMENT (“EAGLE”)

 

Fund

  

Annual Management Fee

(as a % of average net assets)

  

Approximate Net
Assets as of 12/31/05

Ohio National Fund Capital Growth

Portfolio

   0.59 upto $100 mil 0.55 next $100 mil 0.50 in excess of $200 mil    32,982,600

Ameritas Small Cap Portfolio

   0.60 upto $200 mil 0.50 in
excess of $200 mil
   39,234,132

American Skandia Trust Small Cap Portfolio

   0.45 upto first $100 million
.40 over $100 mil
   95,496,230

Prudential SP Small Cap Portfolio

   0.45 upto first $100 million
.40 over $100 mil
   67,608,046

Heritage Series Trust Small Cap Fund

   Affiliated Adviser pays Eagle 0.375    194,245,725

AXA Enterprise Growth Fund

   0.59 upto $100 mil 0.55 next $100 mil 0.50 in excess of $200 mil    112,804,012

Jackson National Life Series Trust Small

Cap Portfolio

   0.60 upto $100 mil 0.55 next $100 mil 0.50 in excess of $200 mil    199,539,193

AXA Moderate Small Company Growth Fund

   0.60 up to $100 mil; 0.55 next
$200 mil; 0.50 thereafter
   6,710,178

AXA Offshore Conservative Fund

   0.60 up to $100 mil; 0.55 next
$200 mil; 0.50 thereafter
   396,059

AXA Offshore Aggressive Fund

   0.60 up to $100 mil; 0.55 next
$200 mil; 0.50 thereafter
   1,101,302

AXA Small Company Growth Fund

   0.60 up to $100 mil; 0.55 next
$200 mil; 0.50 thereafter
   708,400

North AmericanSmall Company Growth Fund

   0.50 up to first $150 mil; 0.40 on next $100 mil; 0.30 up to $1 billion; 0.25 thereafter    5,366,836

The table below lists the name, address, position with Eagle Asset Management and principal occupation during the past five years for the principal executive officers and directors of Eagle Asset Management

 

Name and Address*

  

Position with Eagle Asset Management.

and Principal Occupation

Name

  

Position With Eagle

  

Principal Occupations

Thomas A. James    Director   

March 1984 to present - Mr. James is Chairman of the Board of Directors of Eagle Asset Management, Inc.

June 1985 to present - Mr. James is Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Heritage Family of Mutual Funds.

June 1985 to present - Mr. James is Director of Heritage Asset Management Inc..

 

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Richard K. Riess    Chief Executive Officer   

October 1996 to present - Mr. Riess is Chief Executive Officer of Eagle Asset Management, Inc.

May 1998 to present - Mr. Riess is Executive Vice President—Managing Director of Asset

Management of Raymond James Financial, Inc.

October 2000 to present - Mr. Riess is President of Heritage Family of Mutual Funds

April 2000 to present - Mr. Riess is Chief Executive Officer of Heritage Asset Management,

Inc. October 1996 to March 2000 - Mr. Riess was President of Eagle Asset Management, Inc

July 1988 to present - Mr. Riess is a Director of Eagle Asset Management, Inc.

June 1985 to present - Mr. Riess is a Director of Heritage Asset Management, Inc.

June 1985 to present - Mr. Riess is a Trustee for the Heritage Family of FundsP

Stephen G. Hill    President and Chief Operating Officer   

Dec 2005 to present - Director of Heritage Fund Distributors, Inc.April 2000 to present - Mr. Hill is President and Chief Operating Officer of Eagle Asset

Management, Inc.

     

December 2005 to present - Mr. Hill is Director of Heritage Fund Distributors, Inc.

December 2000 to present - Manager, EA Management I, LLC, general partner of investment limited partnerships.

October 1998 to present - Mr. Hill is a Director of Awad Asset Management, Inc.

January 1995 to present - Mr. Hill is a Director of Eagle Asset Management, Inc.

December 1994 to present - Mr. Hill is a Director of Heritage Asset Management, Inc.

November 1991 to March 2000 and from November 2005 to present - Mr. Hill is President of Heritage Mutual Funds.

April 1989 to March 2000 and from November 2005 to present - Mr. Hill is President of Heritage Asset Managment.

Richard Rossi    Executive Vice President   

From November 2005 to Present - Mr. Rossi is President and a Director of Heritage Funds Distributor Inc.

From October 1999 to Present - Mr. Rossi is Executive Vice President with Eagle and responsible for Eagle Sales and Marketing.

March 1999 to present - Mr. Rossi is a Registered Representative with Raymond James & Associates, Inc.

Stephen W. Faber    Corporate Counsel    January 1990 to present: Corporate Counsel, Eagle Asset Management, Inc..
Damian D. Sousa    Chief Compliance Officer   

December 2005 to present - Mr. Sousa is CCO of Heritage Fund Distributors, Inc.

February 2003 to present - Mr. Sousa is CCO of Awad Asset Management.

August 2002 to present - Mr. Sousa is Vice President, Director of Compliance of Eagle Asset Management, Inc.. February 2003 Mr. Sousa was appointed Chief Compliance Officer.

August 2002 to present - Mr. Sousa is a Registered Representative of Raymond James & Associates, Inc.

 

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December 2000 to August 2002 - Mr. Sousa was Senior Vice President, Compliance Director of Fleet Investment Advisors, Inc.

July 1997 to December 2000 - Mr. Sousa was Vice President, Senior Compliance Manager of FleetBoston Corporate Compliance.

Eric C. Wilwant    Treasurer   

February 2003 to present - Mr. Wilwant is Treasurer of Eagle Asset Management.

September 2000 to present - Mr. Wilwant is Vice President of Eagle Asset Management. Responsible for Operations, Trading Operations and Administration.

April 1995 to September 2000 - Mr. Wilwant was Head of Trading and Trading Systems at Dolphin Capital Management.


* The address of each person is 880 Carillon Parkway, St Petersburg, Florida, 33716.

 

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COOKE & BIELER, L.P. (“COOKE & BIELER”)

SAMUEL H. BALLAM, III

Partner

Sam received his undergraduate degree from the University of Miami, and then earned his M.B.A. from Northwestern University’s Kellogg Graduate School of Management with a double major in Finance and Accounting. Following ten years of corporate financial experience, Sam served as the Treasurer of Thomas Jefferson University overseeing in excess of $300 million of endowment and pension assets. From 1990 to 1997, he was Senior Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer for Main Line Health, a multi-hospital system, with over $700 million in investment funds. An institutional client of Cooke & Bieler for 13 years, Sam joined the firm in 1997 to lead the client service and business development functions. He is a Certified Public Accountant (C.P.A.).

KERMIT S. ECK, CFA

Partner

Kermit graduated with distinction from Montana State University with a B.S. degree in Computer Science, where he was also a member and captain of the varsity tennis team. After receiving his M.B.A. from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business he joined Cooke & Bieler in 1980. He left the firm in 1984 to become Director of Product Marketing for Eczel Corp., a computer products start-up company. From 1987 to 1992, Kermit was part of an investor group purchasing privately held companies, most recently serving as Executive Vice President of one of the businesses, Keystone Natural Water. Kermit rejoined Cooke & Bieler in 1992.

JOHN J. MEDVECKIS

Partner

John has thirty-three years of experience in the investment business. His undergraduate degree is in Economics from the University of Cincinnati. He taught investments for two years at Purdue University and was admitted to the Indianapolis Society of Financial Analyst. John was an Officer of the American Fletcher National Bank in Indianapolis where he managed individual trust accounts. He joined Cooke & Bieler in 1973. John is currently a Trustee of the Curtis Institute of Music, a Trustee of the Philadelphia Museum of Art, and a former Director of the U.S. Baltic Foundation. He serves on the Board of Advisors of the Annenberg Center at the University of Pennsylvania and the Visual Arts Committee of the U.S. Library of Congress. He is also a member of the Philadelphia Museum of Art and the Curtis Institute of Music Investment Committees and also Overseer of the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archeology and Anthropology.

MICHAEL M. MEYER, CFA

Partner

Mike graduated from Davidson College cum laude in 1987 with distinction in Economics, where he was also a member and captain of the varsity tennis team. After working four years for Sterling Capital Management as an equity analyst and head equity trader, Mike attended The Wharton School of Business graduating with an M.B.A. degree in Finance in 1993. Mike joined Cooke & Bieler in 1993.

JAMES R. NORRIS

Partner

Jim earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Management from Guilford College where he graduated with high honors, first in his class. Jim received his M.B.A. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where he graduated in the top 5% of his class and was a recipient of the Dean’s Scholar Award. Following graduate school, he spent nearly 10 years with Sterling Capital Management as Senior Vice President of Equity Portfolio Management before joining Cooke & Bieler in 1998.

 

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EDWARD O’ CONNOR, CFA

Partner

Ted graduated cum laude from Colgate University with a bachelor or arts in Economics and Philosophy. He worked as a United States diplomat in Cuba and Guatemala prior to receiving his MBA from the University of Chicago. Ted received his MBA in 1999 with concentrations in Finance and International Business. He then joined Cambiar Investors in Denver, Colorado, where he served as an equity analyst and portfolio manager. Ted also participated in Cambiar’s 2001 management buyout and subsequently joined Cooke & Bieler, L.P. in 2002.

R. JAMES O’NEIL, CFA

Partner

Jamie received his undergraduate degree cum laude with distinction in Economics from Colby College, where he was a member and captain of the varsity soccer team. He was an Investment Officer in the Capital Markets Department at the Mellon Bank for three years before enrolling at the Harvard Business School and receiving his M.B.A. in 1988. He joined Cooke & Bieler in that year.

LINDA N. PERNA

Chief Compliance Officer

Linda graduated magna cum laude from Temple University in 1993 with a B.B.A. degree in Finance & Real Estate. After working five years full time for Cooke & Bieler as a performance specialist, Linda attended the Executive MBA program at Drexel University graduating with an M.B.A. degree in 2000. Linda joined Cooke & Bieler in 1988 and is a member of the National Society of Compliance Professionals and the Philadelphia Compliance Roundtable.

BRUCE A. SMITH

Partner

Bruce graduated from the College of Wooster in 1976 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics. He joined Cooke & Bieler as a research assistant in 1979 after working for the Union Carbide Corporation. After a leave of absence to earn an M.B.A. degree at the University of Michigan in 1984, Bruce returned to Cooke & Bieler.

MEHUL TRIVEDI, CFA

Partner

Mehul graduated magna cum laude with a dual degree from The Wharton School of Business and The College of Arts and Science from the University of Pennsylvania in 1993. He received a B.S. in Economics with concentration in Finance and Statistics, and a B.A. in International relations. After working as a fixed income financial analyst at Blackrock Financial Management and product manager at PNC Asset Management, Mehul attended The Wharton School of Business graduating with an M.B.A. degree in 1998. Mehul joined Cooke & Bieler in 1998 after serving as a summer intern in 1997.

 

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EARNEST PARTNERS, LLC (“EARNEST”)

Names and positions of the principal executive officers and directors of EARNEST Partners as of December 31, 2005. The principal address of each individual as it relates to his duties at EARNEST Partners is the same as that of EARNEST Partners.

 

Name

  

Position(s) with EARNEST Partners

Paul E. Viera, Jr.

   Chief Executive Officer and Partner

Matthew Bronfman

   Director and Partner

John G. Whitmore, II

   Chief Operating Officer and Partner

James M. Wilson

   Chief Compliance Officer

 

VICTORY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC. (“VICTORY”)

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

 

Full Legal Name

 

Title or Status

 

Date Title or Status Acquired

KeyBank N.A.

  Shareholder   7/2003

Babin, Lawrence G.

  CIO, Diversified Product   9/2004

Fox, Kenneth F.

  CCO   9/2001

Janus, Richard A.

  CIO, Convertible Securities Product   1/2005

Koury, Cynthia G.

  CIO, Balanced Product   3/2005

Maronak, Erick F.

  CIO, NewBridge Division   1/2005

Sachdeva, Arvind K.

  CIO, Intrinsic & Deep Value Product   9/2004

Seballos, Lisa

  CFO   1/2007

Seay, Thomas M.

  CIO, Fixed Income   9/2004

Summers, Mark H.

  CAO   12/2002

Wagner, Robert L.

  President & CEO   3/2005

Zeiger, Richard G.

  Secretary   5/2005

Lindsay, Margaret

  CIO, International   7/2006

River, Gregory

  Head of Equities   2/2006

 

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Lawrence G. Babin, CFA

Chief Investment Officer – Diversified Equity

Senior Portfolio Manager

Senior Managing Director

Mr. Babin is a Senior Portfolio Manager and Senior Managing Director with Victory Capital Management. He is the Chief Investment Officer for Victory’s diversified equity strategy. Mr. Babin joined Victory and/or an affiliate in 1982 following five years prior investment experience. He is the portfolio manager for common, collective and mutual funds as well as portfolios for corporations, endowments, foundations, health care and nonprofits managed in the diversified style.

Prior to joining the firm, Mr. Babin held a variety of positions including security analyst, investment analyst, and portfolio manager for Detroit Bank & Trust, Joseph Miller & Russell and H. I. Glass.

Mr. Babin is a recognized expert in the financial markets and has been featured, or quoted, in publications and media outlets such as: Barron’s, Dow Jones News, Financial Advisor, Kiplinger’s Personal Finance and The Wall Street Journal. In addition, he and his team were awarded the prestigious #1 rating from Lipper for the Victory Diversified Stock Fund. He has a long established track record of providing large cap core clients with superior returns while controlling risk.

Mr. Babin holds a Bachelor of Science from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Michigan. In addition, he is a Chartered Financial Analyst Charterholder.

 

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Kenneth F. Fox, Jr.

Chief Compliance Officer

Managing Director

Mr. Fox is Chief Compliance Officer and a Managing Director with Victory Capital Management. He has been with Victory and/or an affiliate since 1997. Previously, he served as a compliance officer and an audit manager with McDonald Investments.

Mr. Fox received a Bachelor of Science from Bowling Green State University, and a Master of Business Administration from Cleveland State University. In addition, he holds Series 7, 8, 63, and 66 licenses and Ohio Life, Health, and Variable Annuity licenses.

 

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Richard A. Janus, CFA, CFP

Chief Investment Officer – Convertible Securities

Senior Portfolio Manager

Senior Managing Director

Mr. Janus is a Senior Portfolio Manager and Senior Managing Director with Victory Capital Management. He is the Chief Investment Officer for Convertible Securities. He joined Victory and/or an affiliate in 1977 following three years prior investment experience.

Prior to his tenure with the firm, Mr. Janus was a bank examiner with the Treasury Department. Currently, he serves as the lead portfolio manager for several common, collective and mutual funds, as well as individual, high net worth portfolios.

A frequent lecturer on convertible securities, Mr. Janus has written several articles on this subject and has served as a product expert on this unique asset class.

Mr. Janus holds a Bachelor of Science from David N. Myer College and a Master of Economics from Cleveland State University. In addition, he is a Chartered Financial Analyst Charterholder and a Certified Financial Planner.

 

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Cynthia G. Koury

Chief Investment Officer – Balanced Strategy

Senior Portfolio Manager

Senior Managing Director

Ms. Koury is a Senior Portfolio Manager and Senior Managing Director with Victory Capital Management. She is the Chief Investment Officer for Victory’s Balanced strategy.

Ms. Koury began her investment career with Victory and/or an affiliate in 1996 following seven years prior investment experience. She is the Chief Investment Officer for the balanced team which is responsible for the oversight of all balanced accounts with Victory Capital Management. As team lead, she also chairs the asset allocation committee. Her area of expertise is managing portfolios for foundations, endowments, and nonprofit organizations. Ms. Koury manages several large accounts that require alternative investments such as hedge funds and private equity.

Ms. Koury is a trustee for Applewood Center, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio and ClevelandScores. She is a member of the Financial Advisory Board for The Sisters of the Humility of Mary and the investment committee of St. Paul’s Church, Cleveland, Ohio. She is a member of the Cleveland Society of Security Analysts. She has lectured on socially responsible investing and has appeared on local television programs as a guest expert on asset management.

Ms. Koury holds a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Vermont and a Master of Business Administration from Case Western Reserve University.

 

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Erick F. Maronak

Chief Investment Officer, Victory NewBridge

Senior Managing Director

Mr. Maronak is the Chief Investment Officer and Senior Managing Director with Victory NewBridge Capital Management. Additionally, he is a member of the Investment Policy Committee.

Previously, he was a portfolio manager and the director of research in the Campbell, Cowperthwait division of U.S. Trust Company. Mr. Maronak joined U.S. Trust in February of 1990.

He received his Bachelor of Science in Economics from the City University of New York, Queens College in 1990 and a Master of Business Administration in Finance from St. John’s University in 1996.

 

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Arvind K. Sachdeva, CFA

Chief Investment Officer – Intrinsic Large Cap & Deep Value

Senior Portfolio Manager

Senior Managing Director

Mr. Sachdeva is a Senior Portfolio Manager and Senior Managing Director with Victory Capital Management. He is the Chief Investment Officer for Intrinsic Large Cap Value and Deep Value strategies.

He joined Victory and/or an affiliate in 2000 following 16 years prior investment experience. Mr. Sachdeva oversees all elements of the Intrinsic Large Cap Value and Deep Value portfolio construction processes. He is also the portfolio manager for Victory’s Table Pounders equity product.

Prior to his tenure with the firm, Mr. Sachdeva served as Deputy Chief Investment Officer and Director of Research at Dean Investments.

Mr. Sachdeva is a recognized authority on the specific securities which are considered appropriate for the portfolios he manages. He has been quoted in publications and media outlets, including: The Associated Press, Bloomberg Radio, Bloomberg Television, Business Week, Dow Jones News, Reuters, and The Wall Street Journal. He a published author who has written on the evolution of the Asian economy, specifically China, and the impact it has on the economy of the United States.

Mr. Sachdeva holds a Bachelor of Business Administration from Georgia State University. In addition, he is a Chartered Financial Analyst Charterholder.

 

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Lisa Seballos

Chief Financial Officer

Ms. Seballos is the Chief Financial Officer of Victory Capital Management. She is a member of the Senior Management Committee. Ms. Seballos has been with KeyCorp since 1996 and joined Victory Capital Management in 2007.

Prior to her tenure as Chief Financial Officer, Ms. Seballos was Vice President and Senior Finance Manager for the Global Treasury Management, Public Sector and Bank Capital Markets lines of business. She also worked for 5 years in the KeyCorp’s Accounting Policy and Research department. Additional past responsibilities include Corporate and Cost Accounting and Internal Audit for a German-based Chemicals Company.

Ms. Seballos holds a Bachelors of Arts degree in Business Administration from Michigan State University and is a Certified Management Accountant.

 

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Thomas M. Seay

Chief Investment Officer – Fixed Income

Senior Portfolio Manager

Senior Managing Director

Mr. Seay is a Senior Portfolio Manager and Senior Managing Director with Victory Capital Management. He is the Chief Investment Officer for the Fixed Income investment management division.

He joined Victory and/or an affiliate in 1998 following 19 years prior investment experience. He is responsible for all fixed income portfolio management, including mutual funds, commingled funds and separately managed accounts.

Prior to joining the firm, Mr. Seay was a vice president at Lexington Global Asset Managers, where he was responsible for the active management of all institutional fixed income accounts. Additionally, he spent two years as a portfolio manager with Travelers Asset Management International Corp.

Mr. Seay is a frequent commentator and a recognized and sought-after speaker on Fixed Income investing and the economy. He has been quoted in such publications and media outlets as Bloomberg, Bloomberg News, Dow Jones News Service and The Wall Street Journal.

Mr. Seay holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from the University of Denver and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Virginia.

 

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Mark H. Summers

Chief Administrative Officer

Senior Managing Director

Mr. Summers is a Senior Managing Director and Chief Administrative Officer with Victory Capital Management.

He joined Victory in 2002, bringing more than 23 years of financial industry experience to the position. His responsibilities include: overseeing Victory’s equity trading division, operations department, technical support, management information systems and Master Trust, Custody and Corporate Escrow services. In addition, he coordinates corporate support functions (such as training and compliance) as they relate to Victory Capital Management, and is Victory’s primary liaison with KeyCorp for compliance, legal and Sarbanes-Oxley testing and verification. He oversees Victory’s disaster recovery plan as well.

He is a member of the following committees: senior management, pricing, project advisory, compliance and trust oversight.

Mr. Summers spent 17 years with McDonald Investments Inc., rising to the position of Chief Administrative Officer within Key Capital Partners. Prior to joining McDonald, he served as a government bond sales professional for Prescott, Ball and Turben.

Mr. Summers holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from Baldwin-Wallace College and received his Master of Arts from Bowling Green State University. He holds the following securities licenses: Series 7, 63.

 

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Robert Wagner

President & Chief Executive Officer

Mr. Wagner is President & Chief Executive Officer with Victory Capital Management. He is responsible for overseeing all aspects of Victory’s asset management business and leads the senior management and pricing committees. Mr. Wagner joined the firm in 2004 as President and was promoted to Chief Executive Officer in the spring of 2005.

Previously, Mr. Wagner served as President and CEO of Gartmore Emerging Managers, LLC, as well as Executive Vice President of Institutional Markets. In this capacity, he identified and recruited talented investment teams and built businesses around them. He was responsible for the management and business performance of those teams. As Executive Vice President of Institutional Markets, he oversaw Gartmore’s development and delivery of investment products to Defined Benefit, Defined Contribution, Family Office, and Hedge Fund Aggregator clients.

Prior to joining Gartmore in 2002, Mr. Wagner was with JMI Equity Fund and served as President and Chief Executive Officer of one of its privately held venture-backed companies that provided technology and consulting solutions to the financial services market. Prior to JMI, he served as President of the Institutional Markets Division at Pilgrim Baxter & Associates. He also spent 13 years with SEI Investments in a number of executive management positions.

Mr. Wagner received his bachelor’s degree in business from Western Illinois University. He holds the following securities licenses: 7 and 63.

 

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Margaret Lindsay

Chief Investment Officer-International Equities Strategy

Ms. Lindsay is the Chief Investment Officer-International Equities Strategy. Ms. Lindsay joined Victory in 2006.

Prior to joining Victory, Ms. Lindsay was Director of Global Small Cap Equity at Fiduciary Trust, a subsidiary of Franklin Templeton.

Ms. Lindsay received a BA from Dickinson College, an MS from Drexel University and a MBA in International Finance from The Wharton School. Ms. Lindsay is fluent in German.

 

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Gregory N. River

Senior Managing Director

Head of Equities

Mr. River is a Senior Managing Director and Head of Equities with Victory Capital Management. In this role, he is responsible for all equity teams, equity research, risk management and equity trading. He joined Victory and/or an affiliate in 2006 following over 20 years of experience in financial services and technology. Mr. River is a member of the senior management committee.

Prior to joining the firm, Mr. River was most recently Senior Vice President at Callan Associates, responsible for mutual fund board advisory services in addition to strategic investment consulting assignments. Before joining Callan, he was President and Chief Operating Officer of U.S. Foursis Systems Sales, a U.S. subsidiary of a $150 million multinational R&D print technology company. Other past positions include Vice President of Marketing for OffRoad Capital, a premier internet-based private equity investment bank, and President of Paladin Consulting, which provided management consulting services for mutual fund companies, banks and brokerage firms. In addition, Mr. River was Vice President and Senior Consultant with SEI Investments, where he served as a business development executive and regional sales manager.

Mr. River holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from The University of Chicago.

 

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Richard G. Zeiger

Secretary – Victory Capital Management, Inc.

Senior Vice President and Managing Counsel – KeyBank National Association

Richard Zeiger is Senior Vice President and Managing Counsel for KeyBank National Association. He is also the Secretary of Victory Capital Management Inc.

Prior to joining the Bank’s predecessor in 1990, Mr. Zeiger worked in private practice for five years.

Mr. Zeiger was born in 1955 and received a Bachelor of Science from The Ohio State University in 1979. He also received a Juris Doctorate from Cleveland Marshall College of Law, Cleveland State University in 1982.

 

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GOLDMAN SACHS ASSET MANAGEMENT, L.P. (“GSAM LP”)

Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. (“GSAM LP”) and Goldman Sachs Asset Management International (“GSAMI”) are wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and serve as investment advisers to the Registrant. Set forth below are the names, businesses and business addresses of certain managing directors of GSAM LP and GSAMI who are engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature.

 

Name and Position with

the Investment Advisers

 

Name and Address of Other Company

 

Connection with

Other Company

Lloyd C. Blankfein

Managing Director-

GSAM LP

 

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

85 Broad Street

New York, New York 10004

 

Goldman, Sachs & Co.

85 Broad Street

New York, New York 10004

 

Chairman, Chief

Executive Officer and

Director

 

Managing Director

John S. Weinberg

Managing Director-

GSAM LP

 

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

85 Broad Street

New York, New York 10004

 

Goldman, Sachs & Co.

85 Broad Street

New York, New York 10004

 

Vice Chairman

 

 

 

Managing Director

Item 27. Principal Underwriters.

(a) Goldman, Sachs & Co. or an affiliate or a division thereof currently serves as distributor of the units of Trust for Credit Unions, for shares of Goldman Sachs Trust and for shares of Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust. Goldman, Sachs & Co., or a division thereof currently serves as administrator and distributor of the units or shares of The Commerce Funds.

(b) Set forth below is certain information pertaining to the Managing Directors of Goldman, Sachs & Co., the Registrant’s principal underwriter, who are members of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.’s Management Committee. None of the members of the management committee holds a position or office with the Registrant.

GOLDMAN SACHS MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE

 

Name and Principal

Business Address

  

Position with Goldman, Sachs & Co.

Lloyd C. Blankfein (1)

   Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Alan M. Cohen (5)

   Global Head of Compliance, Managing Director

Gary D. Cohn (1)

   Managing Director

Christopher A. Cole (1)

   Managing Director

J. Michael Evans (5)

   Managing Director

Edward C. Forst (1)

   Managing Director

Richard A. Friedman (1)

   Managing Director

Richard J. Gnodde (8)

   Managing Director

Kevin W. Kennedy (1)

   Managing Director

Peter S. Kraus (5)

   Managing Director

Masanori Mochida (6)

   Managing Director

Thomas K. Montag (5)

   Managing Director

Gregory K. Palm (1)

   General Counsel and Managing Director

John F.W. Rogers (1)

   Managing Director

Eric S. Schwartz (5)

   Managing Director

Michael S. Sherwood (7)

   Managing Director

David M. Solomon (5)

   Managing Director

Esta Stecher (5)

   General Counsel and Managing Director

David A. Viniar (4)

   Managing Director

John S. Weinberg (1)

   Managing Director

Jon Winkelried (3)

   Managing Director

(1) 85 Broad Street, New York, NY 10004
(2) 32 Old Slip, New York, NY 10004
(3) Peterborough Court, 133 Fleet Street, London EC4A 2BB, England
(4) 10 Hanover Square, New York, NY 10005
(5) One New York Plaza, New York, NY 10004
(6) 12-32, Akasaka I-chome, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 107-6006, Japan
(7) River Court, 120 Fleet Street, London EC4A 2QQ, England
(8) Cheung Kong Center, 68th Floor, 2 Queens Road Central, Hong Kong, China

(c) Not Applicable.

 

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SSgA FUNDS MANAGEMENT, INC. (“SsgA FM”)

Officers and Directors of SSgA FM

James E. Ross

Jim is President of SSgA Funds Management, Inc. and a Senior Managing Director of State Street Global Advisors. He is responsible for Product Development, Marketing and Product Management of all of SSgA’s investment strategies offered through financial intermediaries. Prior to this role, Jim was responsible for the global product development of exchange traded funds. Jim also has extensive experience at both SSgA and State Street in all aspects of fund administration, fund accounting and custody services. Prior to joining State Street in 1992, Jim was employed by Ernst & Young as a senior accountant, responsible for auditing investment companies and insurance companies. Jim holds a Bachelor degree in Accountancy from Bentley College and has passed Certified Public Accountant exam in Massachusetts.

Peter Leahy

Peter is a Director of SSgA Funds Management, Inc. and an Executive Vice President of State Street Corporation. He is the Chief Product Officer and a Senior Managing Director of State Street Global Advisors (SSgA), the investment management group of State Street Corporation. In this role, Peter oversees the New Product Development team, reviewing SSgA’s existing products and strategies as well as managing the array, content and timing of strategies which SSgA seeks to create and distribute. As such, Peter is also responsible for the Absolute Return initiative and oversees Advisor Strategies, SSgA Funds Management, Inc., Fiduciary Services, Global Mergers and Acquisitions, and SSgA’s subsidiary businesses of State Street Global Alliance, LLC and CitiStreet. Peter is a member of SSgA’s Executive Management Group and is Vice-chair of the SSgA Investment Committee. He also serves on the Board of Directors for CitiStreet, State Street Global Alliance, LLC, SSgA Funds Management, Inc. and State Street Global Markets.

Joining SSgA in 1991 as a member of the Global Structured Products group, Peter then managed the group from 1996 to 2004. In 2004 he oversaw the Finance, Technology, Operations and Human Resource functions for State Street Global Advisors worldwide. Prior to joining SSgA, Peter worked at Bankers Trust Investment Management in the derivative products and index management groups. Earlier in his career, he was a Research Analyst at Foster, Dykema, Cabot & Company in Boston. Peter holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Middlebury College and a Master of Business Administration degree in Finance from the University of Chicago. He earned the Chartered Financial Analyst Designation, and is a member of the FTSE Equity Index Committee and the S&P Index Advisory Panel.

Mitchell Shames

Mitch is a Director of SSgA Funds Management, Inc. and Chief Counsel and Senior Managing Director of State Street Global Advisors. He joined SSgA in 1990 and currently manages a staff of eighteen lawyers providing legal advice to the firm. Prior to joining SSgA, Mitch practiced tax law with the Boston law firms of Goulston & Storrs and Sherburne, Powers & Needham. Mitch earned a Bachelor’s degree from the University of Chicago in 1979 and a Juris Doctor from Boston College Law School in 1983. He holds his L.L.M. in taxation from New York University (1984). Mitch is also a member of the bar of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the State of New York.

Thomas Kelly

Tom is the Treasurer of SSgA Funds Management, Inc. and a Senior Managing Director of State Street Global Advisors. He joined the firm in 1979. Tom manages the team that is responsible for

 

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monitoring all aspects of SSgA’s revenue and expense budgets as well as the financial reporting processes. Prior to joining SSgA, he worked for the Chief Financial Officer as Corporate Staff Comptroller. Preceding this, Tom was responsible for managing all administrative activities for the Information Systems division of the firm. Previously, he has also held positions in the Funds Flow Department and the Master Trust Division of State Street Corporation. Tom has been working in the investment management field since 1993. Tom holds an MBA from Babson College and is a graduate of Bentley College.

Peter Ambrosini

Peter the Chief Compliance and Risk Management Officer of SSgA Funds Management, Inc. and State Street Global Advisors. He is a Senior Principal of SSgA Funds Management, Inc. and a Senior Managing Director of State Street Global Advisors. Prior to joining SSgA in 2001, Peter was the Managing Director of the Regulatory Compliance and Consulting Group at PricewaterhouseCoopers for 15 years. For the previous six years, Peter managed the regulatory programs for the New England region of the US Securities and Exchange Commission. This included inspections of all registered investment companies, investment advisers, broker-dealers and transfer agents. Prior to this, he was Special Counsel to the SEC’s Division of Investment Management in Washington, D.C. He has designed and conducted special compliance reviews of registered investment companies, investment advisers, and broker-dealers mandated by the SEC and voluntary compliance reviews for both PwC audit and non-audit clients. Peter received his Bachelors degree from Holy Cross College and his degree in law from Boston College. He is an Adjunct Professor of Law at Suffolk University Law School since 1978 and is admitted to practice law in Maine, Massachusetts, and the District of Columbia.

Mark Duggan

Mark is Chief Legal Counsel of SSgA Funds Management, Inc. and Senior Managing Director and Senior Counsel at State Street Global Advisors. He joined the firm in 1996. Mark manages a team of nine lawyers and is responsible for all legal issues for SSgA’s business in the United States and Canada, including ERISA, tax, banking, securities laws, investment adviser and mutual fund regulation. Prior to joining SSgA, Mark was in-house Counsel at The Boston Company, Inc., specializing in mutual fund administration and investment advisory work. Prior to this, he was an Associate in the corporate department of the Boston law firm Ropes & Gray, concentrating on mutual funds, investment advisory and other financial services issues. Mark received a BA from the University of Notre Dame and a JD from the University of Chicago.

 

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MASSACHUSETTS FINANCIAL SERVICES COMPANY (“MFS”)

MFS serves as investment adviser to the following open-end Funds comprising the MFS Family of Funds: Massachusetts Investors Growth Stock Fund; Massachusetts Investors Trust; MFS Growth Opportunities Fund; MFS Series Trust I (which has 8 series: MFS Cash Reserve Fund, MFS Core Equity Fund, MFS Core Growth Fund, MFS New Discovery Fund, MFS Research International Fund, MFS Strategic Growth Fund, MFS Technology Fund and MFS Value Fund); MFS Series Trust II (which has one series: MFS Emerging Growth Fund); MFS Series Trust III (which has three series: MFS High Income Fund, MFS High Yield Opportunities Fund and MFS Municipal High Income Fund); MFS Series Trust IV (which has four series: MFS Government Money Market Fund, MFS Mid Cap Growth Fund, MFS Money Market Fund and MFS Municipal Bond Fund); MFS Series Trust V (which has three series: MFS International New Discovery Fund, MFS Research Fund and MFS Total Return Fund); MFS Series Trust VI (which has three series: MFS Global Equity Fund, MFS Global Total Return Fund and MFS Utilities Fund); MFS Series Trust VII (which has one series: MFS Capital Opportunities Fund); MFS Series Trust VIII (which has two series: MFS Global Growth Fund and MFS Strategic Income Fund); MFS Series Trust IX (which has seven series: MFS Bond Fund, MFS Inflation-Adjusted Bond Fund, MFS Intermediate Investment Grade Bond Fund, MFS Limited Maturity Fund, MFS Municipal Limited Maturity Fund, MFS Research Bond Fund and MFS Research Bond Fund J); MFS Series Trust X (which has 13 series: MFS Aggressive Growth Allocation Fund, MFS Conservative Allocation Fund, MFS Emerging Markets Debt Fund, MFS Emerging Markets Equity Fund, MFS Floating Rate High Income Fund, MFS Growth Allocation Fund, MFS International Diversification Fund, MFS International Growth Fund, MFS International Value Fund, MFS Moderate Allocation Fund, MFS New Endeavor Fund and MFS Strategic Value Fund); MFS Series Trust XI (which has two series: MFS Mid Cap Value Fund and MFS Union Standard Equity Fund); MFS Series Trust XII (which has 6 series: MFS Lifetime Retirement Income Fund, MFS Lifetime 2010 Fund, MFS Lifetime 2020 Fund, MFS Lifetime 2030 Fund; MFS Lifetime 2040 Fund and MFS Sector Rotational Fund; MFS Series Trust XIII (which has 2 series: MFS Government Securities Fund and MFS Diversified Income Fund); and MFS Municipal Series Trust (which has 16 series: MFS Alabama Municipal Bond Fund, MFS Arkansas Municipal Bond Fund, MFS California Municipal Bond Fund, MFS Florida Municipal Bond Fund, MFS Georgia Municipal Bond Fund, MFS Maryland Municipal Bond Fund, MFS Massachusetts Municipal Bond Fund, MFS Mississippi Municipal Bond Fund, MFS Municipal Income Fund, MFS New York Municipal Bond Fund, MFS North Carolina Municipal Bond Fund, MFS Pennsylvania Municipal Bond Fund, MFS South Carolina Municipal Bond Fund, MFS Tennessee Municipal Bond Fund, MFS Virginia Municipal Bond Fund and MFS West Virginia Municipal Bond Fund (the “MFS Funds”). The principal business address of each of the MFS Funds is 500 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02116.

MFS also serves as investment adviser of the following open-end Funds: MFS Institutional Trust (“MFSIT”) (which has three series) and MFS Variable Insurance Trust (“MVI”) (which has 16 series). The principal business address of each of the aforementioned funds is 500 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02116.

In addition, MFS serves as investment adviser to the following closed-end funds: MFS Charter Income Trust, MFS Government Markets Income Trust, MFS Intermediate Income Trust, MFS Multimarket Income Trust, MFS Municipal Income Trust and MFS Special Value Trust (the “MFS Closed-End Funds”). The principal business address of each of the MFS Closed-End Funds is 500 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02116.

Lastly, MFS serves as investment adviser to MFS/Sun Life Series Trust (“MFS/SL”) (which has 28 series), Capital Appreciation Variable Account, Global Governments Variable Account, Government Securities Variable Account, High Yield Variable Account, Money Market Variable Account and Total Return Variable Account (collectively, the “Accounts”). The principal business address of MFS/SL is 500 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02116. The principal business address of each of the aforementioned Accounts is One Sun Life Executive Park, Wellesley Hills, Massachusetts, 02181.

 

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The Directors of MFS are Robert C. Pozen, Robert J. Manning, Martin E. Beaulieu, Robin A. Stelmach, Donald A. Stewart, James C. Baillie, Ronald W. Osborne and William K. O’Brien. Robert C. Pozen is the Chairman and Chairman of the Board, Mr. Manning is Chief Executive Officer, Chief Investment Officer and President, Mr. Beaulieu is Executive Vice President and the Director of Global Distribution, Robin A. Stelmach is Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer; Maria F. Dwyer is Executive Vice President, Chief Regulatory Officer and Chief Compliance Officer, Mark N. Polebaum is an Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, Mitchell C. Freestone, Ethan D. Corey, Mark D. Kaplan, Jeremy Kream and Susan S. Newton are Assistant Secretaries, Michael W. Roberge is an Executive Vice President, Chief Investment Officer-U.S. and Co-Director of Global Research, David A. Antonelli is an Executive Vice President, Chief Investment Officer-Non U.S. and Global Equity Investments and Co-Director of Global Research, Deborah H. Miller is an Executive Vice President and Director of Equity Quantitative Research, Paul T. Kirwan is an Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer and Joseph E. Lynch is the Assistant Treasurer and Timothy Tierney is the Tax Officer.

Massachusetts Investors Trust

Massachusetts Investors Growth Stock Fund

MFS Growth Opportunities Fund

MFS Series Trust I

MFS Series Trust II

MFS Series Trust III

MFS Series Trust IV

MFS Series Trust V

MFS Series Trust VI

MFS Series Trust VII

MFS Series Trust VIII

MFS Series Trust IX

MFS Series Trust X

MFS Series Trust XI

MFS Series Trust XII

MFS Series Trust XIII

MFS Municipal Series Trust

MFS Variable Insurance Trust

MFS Institutional Trust

MFS Municipal Income Trust

MFS Multimarket Income Trust

MFS Government Markets Income Trust

MFS Intermediate Income Trust

MFS Charter Income Trust

MFS Special Value Trust

J. Atwood Ives is the Chair, Maria F. Dwyer is President, Tracy A. Atkinson, a Senior Vice President of MFS, is Treasurer, Ellen Moynihan, a Senior Vice President of MFS and James O. Yost, David L. DiLorenzo and Mark Fischer, Vice Presidents of MFS, are the Assistant Treasurers, Mark N. Polebaum, Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of MFS, is the Secretary, Brian E. Langenfeld, Assistant Vice President and Counsel of MFS, Christopher R. Bohane, Susan A. Pereira and Timothy M. Fagan, Vice Presidents and Senior Counsels of MFS, Ethan D. Corey, Special Counsel of MFS and Susan S. Newton, Senior Vice President and Associate General Counsel of MFS are Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Clerks.

 

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MFS/Sun Life Series Trust

J. Kermit Birchfield is Chairman, Maria F. Dwyer is President, Tracy A. Atkinson is the Treasurer, James O. Yost, Ellen M. Moynihan, David L. DiLorenzo and Mark Fischer are the Assistant Treasurers, Mark N. Polebaum is the Secretary, Brian E. Langenfeld, Christopher R. Bohane, Ethan D. Corey, Susan A. Pereira, Timothy M. Fagan and Susan S. Newton are the Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Clerks.

Money Market Variable Account

High Yield Variable Account

Capital Appreciation Variable Account

Government Securities Variable Account

Total Return Variable Account

Global Governments Variable Account

J. Kermit Birchfield is Chairman, Maria F. Dwyer is President, Tracy A. Atkinson is Treasurer, Jim Yost, Ellen M. Moynihan, David L. DiLorenzo and Mark Fischer are the Assistant Treasurers, Mark N. Polebaum is the Secretary and Brian E. Langenfeld, Christopher R. Bohane, Ethan D. Corey, Susan A. Pereira, Timothy M. Fagan and Susan S. Newton are the Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Clerks.

MFS Floating Rate Income Fund - (Cayman Islands Registered Fund)

MFS Meridian Funds, SICAV

Martin E. Beaulieu, Maria F. Dwyer and Robin A. Stelmach are Directors, Tracy A. Atkinson is Treasurer, James O. Yost and Ellen M. Moynihan are the Assistant Treasurers, and Christopher R. Bohane is the Assistant Secretary.

MFS International Ltd. (“MIL Bermuda”), a limited liability company organized under the laws of Bermuda and a subsidiary of MFS, whose principal business address is Canon’s Court, 22 Victoria Street, Hamilton HM 12 Bermuda, serves as investment adviser to and distributor for MFS Floating Rate Income Fund and the MFS Meridian Funds, SICAV (“SICAV Funds”). The SICAV Funds are organized in Luxembourg and qualify as an undertaking for collective investments in transferable securities (UCITS). The principal business address of the Funds is 47, Boulevard Royal, L-2449 Luxembourg. The SICAV Funds include Asia Pacific Ex-Japan Fund, Continental European Equity Fund, Emerging Markets Debt Fund, Emerging Markets Equity Fund, Euro Reserve Fund, European Bond Fund, European Equity Fund, European Growth Fund, European High Yield Bond Fund, European Smaller Companies Fund, European Value Fund, Global Balanced Fund, Global Equity Fund, Global Growth Fund, Global Value Fund, Inflation-Adjusted Bond Fund, Japan Equity Fund, Limited Maturity Fund, Research Bond Fund, Research International Fund, Strategic Income Fund, Technology Fund, UK Equity Fund, US Dollar Money Market Fund, US Emerging Growth Fund, US Equity Fund, US Government Bond Fund, US High Yield Bond Fund, US Research Fund, US Strategic Growth Fund and US Value Fund. The MFS Floating Rate Income Fund is organized as an exempt company under the laws of the Cayman Islands. The principal business address for the MFS Floating Rate Income Fund is P.O. Box 309, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, British West Indies.

James A. Jessee is a Director and President, Martin E. Beaulieu and Robert J. Manning are Directors, Paul T. Kirwan is the Treasurer, Mark N. Polebaum and Juliet Evans are the Secretaries, Mitchell C. Freestone, Ethan D. Corey, Jeremy Kream, Mark D. Kaplan and Susan Newton are Assistant Secretaries, Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax Officer, Sarah Moule is Resident Representative and Appleby Corporate Svs. Ltd. Is Assistant Resident Representative.

MFS International (U.K.) Ltd. (“MIL-UK”), a private limited company registered with the Registrar of Companies for England and Wales whose current address is Eversheds, Senator House, 85 Queen Victoria Street, London, England EC4V 4JL, is involved primarily in marketing and investment research activities with respect to private clients and the Cayman Islands Registered Fund and the MFS Meridian Funds, SICAV.

 

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Olivier Lebleu is Managing Director, Mitchell C. Freestone is a Director and Barnaby Wiener is a Director. Paul T. Kirwan is the Treasurer, Joseph E. Lynch is Assistant Treasurer, Mark N. Polebaum is the Secretary, Ethan D. Corey, Jeremy Kream, Mark D. Kaplan and Susan Newton are Assistant Secretaries, and Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax Officer.

MFS Do Brazil Desenvolviment O De Marcaao LTDA (“MIL Brazil”), a private commercial limited liability quota company organized under the laws of Brazil whose current address is Al Campinas, 1070, 7 andar, Sala 15, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, is primarily involved in providing market development services to increment the use of MFS products and services in Brazil as well as being a distributor of the MFS Floating Rate Income Fund and MFS Meridian Funds, SICAV.

Robert J. Manning is the Advisory Board Member and Benedicto D. Filho is the Manager.

MFS Institutional Advisors (Australia) Ltd. (“MFSI-Australia”), a private limited company organized under the Corporations Law of New South Wales, Australia whose current address is Level 27, Australia Square, 264 George Street, Sydney, NSW2000, Australia, is involved primarily in investment management and distribution of Australian superannuation unit trusts and acts as an investment adviser to institutional accounts.

Graham E. Lenzner is the Director and Chairman of the Board, Loretta Lenzner, Robert J. Manning and Sheldon Rivers are Directors, Paul T. Kirwan is the Treasurer, Joseph E. Lynch is Assistant Treasurer and Mitchell C. Freestone, Ethan D. Corey, Mark D. Kaplan, Jeremy Kream and Susan Newton are Assistant Secretaries and Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax Officer.

MFS Fund Distributors, Inc. (“MFD”), a wholly owned subsidiary of MFS, serves as distributor for the MFS Funds, MVI and MFSIT.

Robert J. Manning is the Director, Martin E. Beaulieu is a Director and Chairman of the Board, James A. Jessee is President, Randolph J. Verzillo is the Treasurer, Joseph E. Lynch is Assistant Treasurer, Mark N. Polebaum is the Secretary, Mitchell C. Freestone, Mark D. Kaplan, Ethan D. Corey, Jeremy Kream and Susan S. Newton are Assistant Secretaries and Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax Officer.

MFS Service Center, Inc. (“MFSC”), a wholly owned subsidiary of MFS, serves as shareholder servicing agent to the MFS Funds, the MFS Closed-End Funds, MFSIT and MVI.

Robert J. Manning is Director and Chairman of the Board, Maureen Leary-Jago is a Director and the President, Mark N. Polebaum is the Secretary, Mitchell C. Freestone, Ethan D. Corey, Mark D. Kaplan, Jeremy Kream and Susan S. Newton are Assistant Secretaries, Paul T. Kirwan is the Treasure, Joseph E. Lynch is Assistant Secretary and Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax Officer.

MFS Institutional Advisors, Inc. (“MFSI”), a wholly owned subsidiary of MFS, provides investment advice to substantial private clients.

 

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Robert J. Manning is Chairman of the Board, Chief Investment Officer and a Director, Martin E. Beaulieu is a Director, Carol Geremiah is the President, Maria Dwyer is Chief Compliance Officer, John F. O’Connor and David J. Picher are Senior Vice Presidents, Jeremy Kream is the Secretary, Mitchell C. Freestone, Ethan D. Corey and Mark D. Kaplan are Assistant Secretaries and Paul T. Kirwan is the Treasurer, Joseph E. Lynch is Assistant Treasurer and Timothy F. Tierney is Tax Officer.

Sun Life Retirement Services (U.S.), Inc. (“Sun Life Retirement Services”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Sun Life Financial (U.S.) Holdings, Inc., markets MFS products to retirement plans and provides administrative and record keeping services for retirement plans.

Claude Accum is a Director, Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer, Martin E. Beaulieu and Ronald Friesen are Directors, Paul T. Kirwan is the Treasurer, Joseph E. Lynch is Assistant Secretary, Mark N. Polebaum is the Secretary, Mitchell C. Freestone, Ethan D. Corey, Mark D. Kaplan, Jeremy Kream and Susan S. Newton are Assistant Secretaries and Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax Officer.

MFS Investment Management K.K. (Japan) (“MIMKK”), a wholly owned subsidiary of MFS, is a corporation incorporated in Japan. MIMKK, whose address is 16F Daido Seimei Kasumigaseki Bldg., 1-4-2- Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Japan 100 0013, is involved in investment management activities.

Carol W. Geremia and Susan Pereira are Directors, Takafumi Ishii is a Director and Representative Director, Paul T. Kirwan is Statutory Auditor, Mark N. Polebaum is Secretary, Ethan D. Corey, Jeremy Kream, Susan Newton, Mitchell C. Freestone and Mark D. Kaplan are Assistant Secretaries. Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax Officer.

MFS Heritage Trust Company (“MFS Trust”), a New Hampshire-chartered limited-purpose trust company whose current address is 650 Elm Street, Suite 404, Manchester, NH 03101, provides directed trustee services to retirement plans.

Carol W. Geremia is Director and President, Deborah H. Miller is Director and Investment Officer, Maureen Leary-Jago and Joseph F. Flaherty are Directors, Paul T. Kirwan is the Treasurer, Ethan D. Corey, Jeremy Kream and Susan S. Newton are Assistant Clerks, Mark D. Kaplan is Clerk and Trust Officer and Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax Officer.

MFS Japan Holdings, LLC, a private limited liability company organized under the laws of Delaware whose address is 500 Boylston Street, Boston, MA 02116, is primarily a holding company and is 50% owned by Massachusetts Financial Services Company and 50% owned by Sun Life Financial (Japan), Inc.

Robert J. Manning, Carol W. Geremia and Donald A. Stewart are Managers, Mark N. Polebaum is the Secretary, Paul T. Kirwan is Treasurer, Joseph E. Lynch is Assistant Secretary, Mitchell C. Freestone, Ethan D. Corey, Jeremy Kream, Susan S. Newton and Mark D. Kaplan are Assistant Secretaries and Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax Officer.

Sun Life of Canada (U.S.) Financial Services Holdings, Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of Delaware whose address is 500 Boylston Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02116, is the direct parent company of Massachusetts Financial Services Company.

Robert J. Manning is the Director, Chairman of the Board and President, Donald A. Stewart is a Director, Mark N. Polebaum is the Secretary, Mitchell C. Freestone, Ethan D. Corey, Mark D. Kaplan and Susan S. Newton are Assistant Secretaries, Paul T. Kirwan is the Treasurer, Joseph Lynch is the Assistant Treasurer and Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax officer.

MFS Investment Management Company (LUX) S.A., a joint stock company organized under the laws of Luxembourg whose registered office is 49, Avenue J.F. Kennedy, L-1855, Kirchberg, Luxembourg, is the management company of the MFS Investment Funds, which has 3 portfolios: MFS Investment Funds-Global Equity Ex-Japan Fund, MFS Investment Funds-Global Equity Fund and MFS Investment Funds-Global Equity Eurozone Bias Fund.

 

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Maria F. Dwyer, Martin E. Beaulieu and Robin A. Stelmach are Directors, Paul T. Kirwan is Treasurer, Joseph E. Lynch is Assistant Treasurer, Mark N. Polebaum is the Secretary, Mitchell C. Freestone, Ethan D. Corey, Jeremy Kream, Susan S. Newton and Mark D. Kaplan are Assistant Secretaries and Timothy F. Tierney is the Tax Officer.

In addition, the following persons, Directors or officers of MFS, have the affiliations indicated:

 

Donald A. Stewart

  Chief Executive Officer, Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, Sun Life Centre, 150 King Street West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Mr. Stewart is also an officer and/or Director of various subsidiaries and affiliates of Sun Life)

C. James Prieur

  President and a Director, Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, Sun Life Centre, 150 King Street West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Mr. Prieur is also an officer and/or Director of various subsidiaries and affiliates of Sun Life)

William W. Stinson

  Non-Executive Chairman, Sun Life Financial and Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada, Sun Life Centre, 150 King Street West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Chairman, Westshore Terminals Income Fund, Vancouver, British Columbia; Director, Grant Forest Products Inc., Ontario, Canada and Trustee, Fording Canadian Coal Trust, Calgary, Alberta

James C. Baillie

  Counsel, Torys, Ontario, Canada; Chair, Independent Electricity Market Operator, Ontario, Canada; Chair, Corel Corporation, Ontario, Canada; Director, Sun Life Financial, Ontario Canada; Director, FPI Ltd., Newfoundland, Canada

 

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CLEARBRIDGE ADVISORS, LLC (“CLEARBRIDGE”)

Name and Principal Business Address

ClearBridge Advisors, LLC

399 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10022

Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser

 

Name

  

Title or Status

   Date Title or Status Acquired
Terrence James Murphy    Chief Administrative Officer    03/2006
Timothy Charles Scheve    Director    12/2005
Mark Raymond Fetting    Director    12/2005
Brian Scott Posner   

President, Chief Executive Officer,

Co-Chief Investment Officer

   03/2006
Peter Lanning Bain    Director    12/2005
Barbara Brooke Manning    Chief Compliance Officer    02/2006
Harry David Cohen    Co-Chief Investment Officer    03/2006

 

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DELAWARE MANAGEMENT COMPANY (“DMC”)

Name and Principal Business Address.

Delaware Management Company

2005 Market Street

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103

Business and Other Connections of the Investment Sub-Adviser.

Delaware Management Company (DMC) a series of Delaware Management Business Trust, serves as investment sub-adviser to the Registrant and also serves as investment manager or sub-advisor to certain of the funds in the Delaware Investments Funds (Delaware Group Adviser Funds, Delaware Group Cash Reserve, Delaware Group Equity Funds I, Delaware Group Equity Funds II, Delaware Group Equity Funds III, Delaware Group Equity Funds IV, Delaware Group Equity Funds V, Delaware Group Foundation Funds, Delaware Group Global & International Funds, Delaware Group Government Fund, Delaware Group Income Funds, Delaware Group Limited-Term Government Funds, Delaware Group State Tax-Free Income Trust, Delaware Group Tax-Free Fund, Delaware Group Tax-Free Money Fund, Delaware Investments Municipal Trust, Delaware VIP Trust, Voyageur Insured Funds, Voyageur Intermediate Tax-Free Funds, Voyageur Mutual Funds, Voyageur Mutual Funds II, Voyageur Mutual Funds III, Voyageur Tax-Free Funds, Delaware Investments Dividend and Income Fund, Inc., Delaware Investments Global Dividend and Income Fund, Inc., Delaware Investments Arizona Municipal Income Fund, Inc., Delaware Investments Colorado Insured Municipal Income Fund, Inc., Delaware Investments Florida Insured Municipal Income Fund and Delaware Investments Minnesota Municipal Income Fund II, Inc.), as well as to certain non-affiliated registered investment companies. In addition, certain officers of DMC also serve as trustees of other Delaware Investments Funds, and certain officers are also officers of these other funds. A company indirectly owned by DMC’s parent company acts as principal underwriter to the mutual funds in the Delaware Investments Funds and another such company acts as the shareholder services, dividend disbursing, accounting servicing and transfer agent for all of the Delaware Investments Funds.

The following persons serving as directors or officers of DMC have held the following positions during the past two years. Unless otherwise noted, the principal business address of the directors and officers of DMC is 2005 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103-7094.

 

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Table of Contents

Name and Principal

Business Address

 

Positions and Offices with DMC

 

Positions and Offices with Delaware
Investments Family of Funds

 

Other Positions and Offices Held
within Delaware Investments

Patrick P. Coyne   President   President/ Chief Executive Officer  

Mr. Coyne has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

Managing Director - Fixed Income - Lincoln National Investment Companies, Inc.

Ryan K. Brist   Executive Vice President/Managing Director/Chief Investment Officer - Fixed Income   Executive Vice President/Managing Director/Chief Investment Officer - Fixed Income  

Mr. Brist has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

Vice President - Lincoln National Income Fund, Inc.

John C.E. Campbell   Executive Vice President/Global Marketing & Client Services   None  

Mr. Campbell has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

President/Chief Executive Officer - Optimum Fund Trust

Philip N. Russo1   Executive Vice President/Chief Financial Officer   None   Mr. Russo has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
See Yeng Quek   Executive Vice President/Managing Director/Chief Investment Officer - Fixed Income   Executive Vice President/Managing Director/Chief Investment Officer - Fixed Income  

Mr. Quek has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

Director/Trustee - HYPPCO Finance Company Ltd.

Douglas L. Anderson   Senior Vice President/Operations   None   Mr. Anderson has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Marshall T. Bassett   Senior Vice President/Chief Investment Officer - Emerging Growth Equity   Senior Vice President/Chief Investment Officer - Emerging Growth Equity   Mr. Bassett has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Joseph R. Baxter   Senior Vice President/Head of Municipal Bond Investments   Senior Vice President/Head of Municipal Bond Investments   Mr. Baxter has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Christopher S. Beck   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Beck has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Michael P. Bishof   Senior Vice President/Investment Accounting   Senior Vice President/Chief Financial Officer  

Mr. Bishof has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

Chief Financial Officer - Lincoln National Income Fund, Inc.

 

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Table of Contents

Name and Principal

Business Address

 

Positions and Offices with DMC

 

Positions and Offices with Delaware
Investments Family of Funds

 

Other Positions and Offices Held
within Delaware Investments

Michael P. Buckley   Senior Vice President/Director of Municipal Research   Senior Vice President/Director of Municipal Research   Mr. Buckley has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Stephen R. Cianci   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Cianci has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Robert F. Collins   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Collins has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
James A. Forant   Senior Vice President//Director, Technical Services   None   Mr. Forant has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Brian Funk   Senior Vice President/Director of Credit Research   Senior Vice President/Director of Credit Research   Mr. Funk has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Brent C. Garrells   Senior Vice President/Senior Research Analyst   Senior Vice President/Senior Research Analyst   Mr. Garrells has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Stuart M. George   Senior Vice President/Head of Equity Trader   Senior Vice President/Head of Equity Trader   Mr. George has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Paul Grillo   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Grillo has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Jonathan Hatcher   Senior Vice President/Senior Research Analyst   Senior Vice President/Senior Research Analyst   Mr. Hatcher has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
William F. Keelan   Senior Vice President/Director of Quantitative Research   Senior Vice President/Director of Quantitative Research   Mr. Keelan has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Francis X. Morris   Senior Vice President/Chief Investment Officer - Core Equity   Senior Vice President/Director, Fundamental Research/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Morris has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Brian L. Murray, Jr.   Senior Vice President/Chief Compliance Officer   Senior Vice President/Chief Compliance Officer   Mr. Murray has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Susan L. Natalini   Senior Vice President/Global Marketing & Client Services   None   Ms. Natalini has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

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Table of Contents

Name and Principal

Business Address

 

Positions and Offices with DMC

 

Positions and Offices with Delaware
Investments Family of Funds

 

Other Positions and Offices Held
within Delaware Investments

Zoë Neale2   Senior Vice President/Chief Investment Officer - International Equity   Senior Vice President/Chief Investment Officer - International Equity   Mr. Neale has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
D. Tysen Nutt3   Senior Vice President/Chief Investment Officer - Large Cap Value Equity   Senior Vice President/Chief Investment Officer - Large Cap Value   Mr. Nutt has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
David P. O’Connor   Senior Vice President/Strategic Investment Relationships and Initiatives/General Counsel   Senior Vice President/ Strategic Investment Relationships and Initiatives/ General Counsel/Chief Legal Officer  

Mr. O’Connor has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

Vice President/ General Counsel - Lincoln National Investment Companies, Inc.

John J. O’Connor   Senior Vice President/Investment Accounting   Senior Vice President/Treasurer   Mr. O’Connor has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Philip R. Perkins   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Perkins has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Timothy L. Rabe   Senior Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager/Head of High Yield   Senior Vice President/Head of High Yield   Mr. Rabe has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Richard Salus   Senior Vice President/ Controller/Treasurer   None  

Mr. Salus has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

Vice President/Deputy Controller - Lincoln National Investment Companies, Inc.

James L. Shields   Senior Vice President/Chief Information Officer   None   Mr. Shields has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Jeffrey S. Van Harte4   Senior Vice President/Chief Investment Officer - Focus Growth Equity   Senior Vice President/Chief Investment Officer - Focus Growth Equity   Mr. Van Harte has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Gary T. Abrams   Vice President/Senior Equity Trader   None   Mr. Abrams has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Christopher S. Adams   Vice President/Portfolio Manager/Senior Equity Analyst   Vice President/Portfolio Manager/Senior Equity Analyst   Mr. Adams has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

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Table of Contents

Name and Principal

Business Address

 

Positions and Offices with DMC

 

Positions and Offices with Delaware
Investments Family of Funds

 

Other Positions and Offices Held
within Delaware Investments

Damon J. Andres   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Andres has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Margaret MacCarthy Bacon5   Vice President/ Investment Specialist   None   Ms. Bacon has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Todd Bassion6   Vice President/Senior Research Analyst   Vice President/Senior Research Analyst   Mr. Bassion has served in various executive capacities
Richard E. Biester   Vice President/Equity Trader   None   Mr. Biester has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Christopher J. Bonavico7   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager, Equity Analyst   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager, Equity Analyst   Mr. Bonavico has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Vincent A. Brancaccio   Vice President/Senior Equity Trader   None   Mr. Brancaccio has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Kenneth F. Broad8   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager, Equity Analyst   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager, Equity Analyst   Mr. Broad has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Mary Ellen M. Carrozza   Vice President/Client Services   Vice President/Client Services   Ms. Carrozza has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Stephen G. Catricks   Vice President/Portfolio Manager   Vice President/Portfolio Manager   Mr. Catricks has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Anthony G. Ciavarelli   Vice President/Assistant General Counsel/ Assistant Secretary   Vice President/Associate General Counsel/ Assistant Secretary   Mr. Ciavarelli has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
David F. Connor   Vice President/Deputy General Counsel/ Assistant Secretary   Vice President/Associate General Counsel/ Secretary  

Mr. Connor has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

Vice President/Deputy General Counsel/ Secretary - Lincoln National Investment Companies, Inc.

 

Secretary - Lincoln National Income Fund, Inc.

Stephen J. Czepiel   Vice President/Senior Municipal Bond Trader   None   Mr. Czepiel has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

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Table of Contents

Name and Principal

Business Address

 

Positions and Offices with DMC

 

Positions and Offices with Delaware
Investments Family of Funds

 

Other Positions and Offices Held
within Delaware Investments

Joseph F. DeMichele   Vice President/High Grade Trading   None   Mr. DeMichele has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Christopher M. Ericksen9   Vice President/Portfolio Manager, Equity Analyst   Vice President/Portfolio Manager, Equity Analyst   Mr. Ericksen has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Joel A. Ettinger   Vice President/Taxation   Vice President/Taxation  

Mr. Ettinger has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

Vice President/Taxation - Lincoln National Investment Companies, Inc.

Phoebe W. Figland   Vice President/ Investment Accounting   Vice President/ Investment Accounting   Ms. Figland has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Joseph Fiorilla   Vice President/Trading Operations   None   Mr. Fiorilla has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Charles E. Fish   Vice President/Senior Equity Trader   None   Mr. Fish has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Clifford M. Fisher   Vice President/Senior Municipal Bond Trader   None   Mr. Fisher has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Patrick G. Fortier10   Vice President/ Portfolio Manager, Equity Analyst   Vice President/ Portfolio Manager, Equity Analyst   Mr. Fortier has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Denise A. Franchetti   Vice President/Portfolio Manager/Municipal Bond Credit Analyst   Vice President/Portfolio Manager/Municipal Bond Credit Analyst   Ms. Franchetti has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
James A. Furgele   Vice President/ Investment Accounting   Vice President/ Investment Accounting   Mr. Furgele has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Daniel V. Geatens   Vice President/Investment Accounting   Vice President/Investment Accounting   Mr. Geatens has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Barry S. Gladstein   Vice President/Portfolio Analyst   Vice President/Equity Analyst   Mr. Gladstein has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Edward Gray11   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Gray has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Brian T. Hannon   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   None   Mr. Hannon has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

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Table of Contents

Name and Principal

Business Address

 

Positions and Offices with DMC

 

Positions and Offices with Delaware
Investments Family of Funds

 

Other Positions and Offices Held
within Delaware Investments

Lisa L. Hansen12   Vice President/Head of Focus Growth Equity Trading   None   Ms. Hansen has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Gregory M. Heywood13   Vice President/Equity Analyst   Vice President/Portfolio Manager, Research Analyst   Mr. Heywood has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Sharon Hill   Vice President/Head of Quantitative Research and Analytics   Vice President/Head of Equity Quantitative Research and Analytics   Ms. Hill has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Christopher M. Holland   Vice President/Portfolio Manager   None   Mr. Holland has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Michael E. Hughes   Vice President/Senior Equity Analyst   Vice President/Senior Equity Analyst   Mr. Hughes has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Jordan L. Irving14   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Irving has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Cynthia Isom   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Vice President/Portfolio Manager   Ms. Isom has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Kenneth R. Jackson   Vice President/Quantitative Analyst   Vice President/Quantitative Analyst   Mr. Jackson has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Audrey E. Kohart   Vice President/Financial Planning and Reporting   Vice President/Financial Planning and Reporting   Ms. Kohart has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Andrew Kronschnabel   Vice President/High Grade Trader   None   Mr. Kronschnabel has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Nikhil G. Lalvani   Vice President/Senior Equity Analyst   Vice President/Senior Equity Analyst   Mr. Lalvani has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Steven T. Lampe   Vice President/Portfolio Manager   Vice President/Portfolio Manager   Mr. Lampe has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Alfio Leone IV   Vice President/High Grade Trader   None   Mr. Leone has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Anthony A. Lombardi15   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Lombardi has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Francis P. Magee   Vice President/Equity Business Manager   None   Mr. Magee has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

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Table of Contents

Name and Principal

Business Address

 

Positions and Offices with DMC

 

Positions and Offices with Delaware
Investments Family of Funds

 

Other Positions and Offices Held
within Delaware Investments

Charles (Tom) T. McClintic   Vice President/High Yield Trader   None   Mr. McClintic has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Michael S. Morris   Vice President/Portfolio Manager/Senior Equity Analyst   Vice President/Portfolio Manager/Senior Equity Analyst   Mr. Morris has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Scott Moses   Vice President/High Grade Trader   None   Mr. Moses has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Philip O. Obazee   Vice President/ Derivatives Manager   Vice President/ Derivatives Manager   Mr. Obazee has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Donald G. Padilla   Vice President/Portfolio Manager/Senior Equity Analyst   Vice President/Portfolio Manager/Senior Equity Analyst   Mr. Padilla has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Daniel J. Prislin16   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager/Equity Analyst   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager/Senior Equity Analyst   Mr. Prislin has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Craig S. Remsen   Vice President/Senior Credit Research Analyst   Vice President/Senior Credit Research Analyst   Mr. Remsen has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Carl Rice17   Vice President/Senior Investment Specialist, Large Cap Value Focus Equity   Vice President/Senior Investment Specialist, Large Cap Value Focus Equity   Mr. Rice has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Joseph T. Rogina   Vice President/Equity Trader   None   Mr. Rogina has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Kevin C. Schildt   Vice President/Senior Municipal Credit Analyst   Vice President/Senior Municipal Credit Analyst   Mr. Schildt has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Richard D. Seidel   Vice President/Assistant Controller/-Assistant Treasurer   None  

Mr. Seidel has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

Vice President/Assistant Controller/Manager - Payroll - Lincoln National Investment Companies, Inc.

Brenda L. Sprigman   Vice President/Business Manager - Fixed Income   None   Ms. Sprigman has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Michael T. Taggart   Vice President/Facilities & Administrative Services   None   Mr. Taggart has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

 

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Table of Contents

Name and Principal

Business Address

 

Positions and Offices with DMC

 

Positions and Offices with Delaware
Investments Family of Funds

 

Other Positions and Offices Held
within Delaware Investments

Spencer M. Tullo   Vice President/High Yield Trader   None   Mr. Tullo has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Robert A. Vogel, Jr.18   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Vice President/Senior Portfolio Manager   Mr. Vogel has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Lori P. Wachs   Vice President/Portfolio Manager   Vice President/Portfolio Manager   Ms. Wachs has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Laura A. Wagner   Vice President/ Investment Accounting   Vice President/ Investment Accounting   Ms. Wagner has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
Kathryn R. Williams   Vice President/Associate Genera; Counsel/ Assistant Secretary   Vice President/Associate Genera; Counsel/ Assistant Secretary   Ms. Williams has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments
James J. Wright   Vice President/Senior Equity Analyst   None   Mr. Wright has served in various executive capacities within Delaware Investments

1

Vice President of Finance, Prudential Investment Management, Inc., 1998-2004.

2

Portfolio Manager, Thomas Weisel Partners, 2002-2005.

3

Managing Director/U.S. Active Large-Cap Value Team, Merrill Lynch, 1994-2004.

4

Principal/Executive Vice President, Transamerica Investment Management, LLC, 1980-2005.

5

Client Service Officer, Thomas Weisel Partners, 2002-2005.

6

Senior Research Associate, Thomas Weisel Partners, 2002-2005

7

Principal/Portfolio Manager, Transamerica Investment Management, LLC, 1993-2005.

8

Principal/Portfolio Manager, Transamerica Investment Management, LLC, 2000-2005.

9

Portfolio Manager, Transamerica Investment Management, LLC, 2004-2005; Vice President/Portfolio Manager, Goldman Sachs 1994-2004.

10

Portfolio Manager, Transamerica Investment Management, LLC, 2000-2005.

11

Portfolio Manager, Thomas Weisel Partners, 2002-2005.

12

Principal/Portfolio Manager/Senior Trader, Transamerica Investment Management, LLC, 1997-2005.

13

Senior Research Analyst, Transamerica Investment Management, LLC, 2004-2005; Senior Analyst, Wells Capital Management, LLC 2003-2004; Senior Analyst, Montgomery Asset Management 1996-2003.

14

Vice President/U.S. Active Large-Cap Value Team, Merrill Lynch, 1998-2004.

15

Director/U.S. Active Large-Cap Value Team, Merrill Lynch, 1998-2004.

16

Principal/Portfolio Manager, Transamerica Investment Management, LLC, 1998-2005.

17

Director/Product Specialist, Merrill Lynch, 1999-2004

18

Director/U.S. Active Large-Cap Value Team, Merrill Lynch, 1992-2004.

 

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INSIGHT CAPITAL RESEARCH & MANAGEMENT, INC. (“INSIGHT CAPITAL”)

The following are the Executive Officers and Board of Directors

for Insight Capital Research and Management, Inc., a California Corporation.

Mr. Collins Collins, CFA

Chairman, Board of Directors

CEO and Chief Investment Officer

Mr. Collins developed Insight’s investment approach over a 40-year period. He made his first investments in growth stocks in 1956. Mr. Collins began his management career as a mutual fund manager in San Francisco. In the 1970’s, he worked for Wells Fargo Investment Advisors as a Senior Portfolio Manager handling institutional accounts. While at Wells Fargo, Mr. Collins developed quantitative methods for analyzing securities and optimizing portfolios. In 1988, he founded Insight Capital with Lisa Miller to provide money management services to institutional and retail investors.

Mr. Collins brings to the investment process a wealth of business experience. After serving as a Naval Officer, he worked as an engineer for General Electric. After graduating from the Harvard Business School, Mr. Collins joined the Raychem Corporation. In addition to investing in growth companies, Mr. Collins has experience in high-tech venture capital investments and investing in turnaround situations. This is a unique background and it has served Insight’s clients well.

A sought-after speaker on investment topics, Mr. Collins has appeared on Wall Street Week, CNBC, and CNNfn and is frequently quoted by leading financial publications. He holds an MBA from Harvard, a Bachelor degree in Electrical Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology and holds the Chartered Financial Analyst designation.

Lisa K. Miller

Member, Board of Directors

Executive Vice President, COO,

and Chief Compliance Officer

As a founder of Insight, Mrs. Miller has contributed to both the investment management and operational development of the firm. Working side-by-side with Jim Collins at the onset of the firm’s inception, and later as a member of the Investment Committee from its inception until May 2000, she has contributed to Insight’s solid, long-term performance records. Today, Mrs. Miller manages the firm’s overall operations as COO. She also is responsible for administering Insight’s Compliance Program as Chief Compliance Officer.

Prior to co-founding Insight, Mrs. Miller was the manager of administration for a retail franchiser. She joined that company at a time when it was expanding its franchise offerings. By participating in this expansion, Mrs. Miller gained considerable experience in compliance-related issues, client servicing and the value of managing growth for a corporation and its employees. Mrs. Miller holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Sociology from Oregon State University.

 

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Victor Trautwein III

Member, Board of Directors

Mr. Trautwein serves on Insight’s Board of Directors as an outside Director and is not employed by Insight. Currently he is Director of Operations of Kids Alive; Co-Field Director for the Dominican Republic. Prior to his position with this non-profit, he worked as both General Manager and in Business Development for Weyerhaeuser Company in recycling operations, after starting with the firm in their Forest Products division as a Business Analyst. Prior to working with Weyerhaeuser Company, Mr. Trautwein was an Associate at Mercer Management Consulting.

Mr. Trautwein holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering Sciences Dartmouth College and an MBA from Stanford Graduate School of Business.

Charles S. Gehring, CFA

Managing Director, Senior Vice President

Director of Investment Management

Mr. Gehring joined Insight Capital in 1992. In his capacity as Director of Investment Management, Mr. Gehring serves as Chairman of the Investment Committee, of which he has been a member since 1994. Mr. Gehring served as Portfolio Manager for the Mid-Cap Growth Portfolio from 1995-2006 and as Portfolio Manager for the Large-Cap Growth Portfolio since 2001. His prior experience at Insight includes trading, financial analysis, and management of other portfolios. Mr. Gehring has contributed to the development of various systems for the monitoring of stocks and the market, trade management and new products.

Prior to joining Insight, Mr. Gehring worked in numerous capacities with HomeFed Bank. He received a Bachelor of Business Administration degree from the University of San Diego. He earned the designation of Personal Financial Planner from the University of California, San Diego. Mr. Gehring is a member of the CFA Institute and the Security Analysts of San Francisco. He also holds the Chartered Financial Analyst designation.

Philip Hamilton

Managing Director, Director of Marketing

Mr. Hamilton leads Insight’s marketing efforts. Mr. Hamilton is also a member of Insight’s management committee. Prior to joining Insight, Mr. Hamilton worked for Quadra Capital Partners in Boston, where he was responsible for marketing and client servicing to Taft-Hartley and corporate clients. Mr. Hamilton was a Senior Researcher in Finance at Harvard Business School where he spent more than seven years in research and administrative roles. He started his investment career at The Boston Company.

Mr. Hamilton received his Master of Arts degree in Economics from Southern Methodist University and his Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from the University of Maine. He is a member of the Investment Management Consultants Association.

 

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TURNER INVESTMENT PARTNERS, INC.

 

NAME AND POSITION WITH COMPANY

  

OTHER COMPANY

  

POSITION WITH OTHER COMPANY

Thomas R. Trala

Chief Financial and Operating Officer, Secretary

   Turner Funds    President
   Turner Investment Partners Pty. Ltd.    Board Member & Chief Operating Officer
   Turner Investment Management LLC    Board Member, President & Chief Operating Officer & Treasurer
   Turner International Ltd.    Director

Mark D. Turner

Vice Chairman of the Board; President,

Senior Portfolio Manager

   Turner Investment Management, LLC    Chairman

Robert E. Turner

Chairman of the Board; Chief Investment Officer; Chief Executive Officer

  

Turner Funds

 

Turner Investment Partners Pty. Ltd.

  

Trustee

 

Board Member

   Bradley University (Peoria, IL)    Trustee
   The Crossroads School (Paoli, PA)    Trustee
   Turner International Ltd.    Director

Christopher K. McHugh

Board Member, Vice President,

Senior Portfolio Manager

   Philadelphia University    Trustee

The principal address of Turner Investment Partners and its subsidiaries Turner Investment Management, LLC and Turner Investment Partners Pty. Ltd., is 1205 Westlakes Drive, Suite 100, Berwyn, PA, 19312.

The principal address of Turner International Ltd., is Communications House, 26 York Street, London, W1U 6PZ.

 

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Item 27: Principal Underwriters

(a) MML Distributors LLC is the General Distributor of the Trust Shares.

(b) MML Distributors, LLC is the general distributor for the Registrant.

The following are the names and positions of the officers and directors of MML Distributors, LLC, whose principal office is 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001:

Peter G. Lahaie, President, Chief Executive Officer, Main OSJ Supervisor (since 5/9/2005) and Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (since 10/15/2004), MML Distributors, LLC.

Michael Fanning, Member Representative (since 1/1/2007), MML Distributors, LLC, MassMutual Holding LLC, and Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company (“MassMutual”), 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001; Chief Operating Officer, Service/Operations, U.S. Insurance Group, MassMutual.

Ronald E. Thomson, Vice President (since 5/1/1996), MML Distributors, LLC; Vice President (since 5/12/1997), MML Investors Services, Inc., 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001; Vice President, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Robert S. Rosenthal, Vice President (since 4/15/2004), Chief Legal Officer (since 9/2004) and Secretary (since 10/26/2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Vice President and Associate General Counsel, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

William F. Monroe, Jr., Vice President (since 4/15/2004), MML Distributors, LLC; Vice President, Financial Strategy, Chief Operations Officer and Chief Privacy Officer (since 4/2004), MML Investors Services, Inc., 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Kevin LaComb, Assistant Treasurer (since 5/6/2003), MML Distributors, LLC; Assistant Treasurer (11/28/2001), MML Investors Services, Inc., 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001; Director-Corporate Tax, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Camille Donald, Assistant Secretary (since 12/5/2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Assistant Vice President, Associate Secretary and Counsel, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Edward K. Duch, III, Assistant Secretary (since 10/15/2004), MML Distributors, LLC; Counsel, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Susan J. Scanlon, Chief Compliance Officer (since 8/21/2006) and Enfield OSJ Supervisor and Chief Compliance Officer (since 9/8/2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Vice President, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Alan Taylor, Registration Manager (since 7/1/2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Vice President, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Marilyn Edstrom, Entity Contracting Officer (since 5/9/2005), MML Distributors, LLC; Director-Enterprise Distribution Services, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Bruce C. Frisbie, Assistant Treasurer (since 5/9/2005), MML Distributors; Assistant Vice President and Associate Treasurer, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Jennifer L. Lake, Assistant Treasurer (5/9/2005), MML Distributors, LLC; Second Vice President, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Robert Wittneben, Chief Information Officer (since 12/5/2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Second Vice President, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

 

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Anne Melissa Dowling, Large Corporate Marketing Supervisor (since 12/22/1997), MML Distributors, LLC; Large Corporate Markets Supervisor (since 4/29/1999), MML Investors Services, Inc., 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001; Senior Vice President, MassMutual, 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Kathy Rogers, Continuing Education Officer (since 2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Training Consultant, MML Investors Services, Inc., 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Eugene Charon, Assistant Vice President and Assistant Treasurer (since 6/16/2005), MML Distributors, LLC; Controller, MML Investors Services, Inc., 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

Donna Watson, Cash and Trading Supervisor (since 5/20/2006) and Assistant Treasurer (5/20/2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Director-RS Fund Operations, MassMutual, 1295 State Street Springfield, MA 01111-0001.

Steven S. Holstein, Variable Life Marketing Supervisor (since 5/20/2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Senior Vice President, MassMutual, 1295 State Street Springfield, MA 01111-0001.

Craig Waddington, Variable Life Sales Supervisor (since 5/20/2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Vice President and Actuary, MassMutual, 1295 State Street Springfield, MA 01111-0001.

Lenore MacWade, Assistant Treasurer (since 8/21/2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Budget Manager-Finance and Commissions, MML Investors Services, Inc., 1295 State Street Springfield, MA 01111-0001.

Denise Kresock, Assistant Treasurer (since 8/21/06), MML Distributors, LLC; Controller-Income Management Group, MassMutual, 1295 State Street Springfield, MA 01111-0001.

Cade H. Cherry, Assistant Treasurer (since 8/21/06), MML Distributors, LLC; Assistant Vice President, MassMutual, 1295 State Street Springfield, MA 01111-0001.

Eric H. Wietsma, Retirement Services Supervisor (since 12/5/2006), MML Distributors, LLC; Vice President, MassMutual, 1295 State Street Springfield, MA 01111-0001.

The business address for the officers and directors of MML Distributors, LLC is 1295 State Street, Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001.

 

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(c) Not Applicable

 

Item 28: Location of Accounts and Records

Each account, book or other document required to be maintained by Registrant pursuant to Section 31 (a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and Rules 31a-1 to 31a-3 thereunder are maintained as follows:

(Declaration of Trust and Bylaws)

MassMutual Select Funds

1295 State Street

Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001

(With respect to its services as investment adviser)

Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company

1295 State Street

Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001

 

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(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Cooke & Bieler, L.P.

1700 Market Street

Suite 3222

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Turner Investment Partners, Inc.

1205 Westlakes Drive, Suite 100

Berwyn, PA 19312

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Waddell & Reed Investment Management Company

6300 Lamar Avenue

Overland Park, Kansas 66202

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Northern Trust Investments, N.A.

50 South LaSalle Street

Chicago, Illinois 60603

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Insight Capital Research & Management, Inc.

2121 N. California Boulevard

Suite 560

Walnut Creek, California 94596

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Davis Selected Advisers, L.P.

2949 East Elvira Road, Suite 101

Tucson, Arizona 85706

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc.

100 East Pratt Street

Baltimore, Maryland 21202

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Sands Capital Management, LLC

1100 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 3050

Arlington, Virginia 22209

 

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Harris Associates LP

Two North LaSalle Street, Suite 500

Chicago, Illinois 60602

 

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(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Fidelity Management & Research Company (“FMR”)

82 Devonshire Street

Boston, Massachusetts 02109

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Massachusetts Financial Services Company

500 Boylston Street

Boston, Massachusetts 02116

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Mazama Capital Management, Inc.

One SW Columbia Street, Suite 1500

Portland, Oregon 97258

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

AllianceBernstein L.P.

1345 Avenue of the Americas

New York, New York 10105

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Clover Capital Management, Inc.

400 Meridian Centre, Suite 200

Rochester, New York 14618

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Wellington Management Company, LLP

75 State Street

Boston, Massachusetts 02109

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Eagle Asset Management, Inc.

880 Carillon Parkway

St. Petersburg, Florida 33716

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

ClearBridge Advisors, LLC

399 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10022

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Western Asset Management Company

385 East Colorado Boulevard

Pasadena, California 91101

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Western Asset Management Company Limited

10 Exchange Square

London, UK EC2A2EN

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

EARNEST Partners, LLC

1180 Peachtree Street, Suite 2300

Atlanta, Georgia 30309

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P.

32 Old Slip

New York, New York 10005

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

SSgA Funds Management, Inc.

One Lincoln Street

33rd Floor

Boston, Massachusetts 02111

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Victory Capital Management Inc.

127 Public Square

Cleveland, Ohio 44114

(With respect to its services as Sub-Adviser)

Delaware Management Company

2005 Market Street

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103

(With respect to its services as Distributor)

MML Distributors, LLC

1295 State Street

Springfield, Massachusetts 01111-0001

and, c/o State Street Bank and Trust Company

200 Clarendon Street, P.O. Box 9130

Boston, Massachusetts 02117-9130

(With respect to its services as Sub-Administrator, Transfer Agent and Custodian)

State Street Bank and Trust Company

200 Clarendon Street, P.O. Box 9130

Boston, Massachusetts 02117-9130

(With respect to their services as counsel)

Ropes & Gray

One International Place

Boston, Massachusetts 02110

 

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Item 29: Management Services

Not Applicable.

 

Item 30: Undertakings

(a) The Registrant hereby undertakes to call a meeting of shareholders for the purposes of voting upon the question of removal of a trustee or trustees, and to assist in communications with other shareholders as required by Section 16(c) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, but only where it is requested to do so by the holders of at least 10% of the Registrant’s outstanding voting securities.

(b) The Registrant undertakes to furnish each person to whom a prospectus is delivered with a copy of the Registrant’s latest annual report to shareholders, upon request and without charge.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, and the Registrant has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 43 to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized, in the City of Springfield and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts as of the 17th day of December, 2007.

 

MASSMUTUAL SELECT FUNDS

By:

 

/s/    FREDERICK C. CASTELLANI

  Frederick C. Castellani
President

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 43 to the Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities as indicated as of the 17th day of December, 2007.

 

Signature

  

Title

*

Richard W. Greene

  

Chairman and Trustee

*

Robert E. Joyal

  

Trustee

*

Richard H. Ayers

  

Trustee

*

Allan W. Blair

  

Trustee

*

Mary E. Boland

  

Trustee

/s/    FREDERICK C. CASTELLANI

Frederick C. Castellani

  

Trustee and President

*

R. Alan Hunter, Jr.

  

Trustee

*

F. William Marshall, Jr.

  

Trustee

/s/    NICHOLAS H. PALMERINO        

Nicholas H. Palmerino

  

Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

 

*By:  

/s/    ANDREW M. GOLDBERG        

 

Andrew M. Goldberg

Attorney-in-Fact


Table of Contents

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

Exhibit No.

 

Title of Exhibit

D(2)

  Investment Management Agreement for Select Diversified Growth Fund

D(3)

  Investment Management Agreement for Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund

D(4)

  Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement for Select Mid Cap Growth Equity Fund

D(5)

  Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement for Select Mid Cap Growth Equity Fund

D(15)

 

Amendment to Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement for Select Blue Chip Growth Fund

D(42)

  Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement for Select Diversified Growth Fund

D(43)

  Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement for Select Diversified Growth Fund

D(44)

  Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement for Select Diversified Growth Fund

H(4)

  Expense Limitation Agreement for Select Blue Chip Growth Fund

H(5)

  Expense Limitation Agreement for Select Diversified Growth Fund and Select Destination Retirement 2050 Fund

I(13)

  Opinion of Counsel

N

  Amended and Restated 18f-3 Plan

P(9)

  Code of Ethics for Turner Investment Partners, Inc.