Contingencies

Beazer Homes and certain of its subsidiaries have been and continue to be named as defendants in various construction defect claims, complaints and other legal actions. The Company is subject to the possibility of loss contingencies related to these defects, as well as others arising from its business. In determining loss contingencies, we consider the likelihood of loss, as well as our ability to reasonably estimate the amount of such loss or liability. An estimated loss is recorded when it is considered probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.

Warranty Reserves. We currently provide a limited warranty (ranging from one to two years) covering workmanship and materials per our defined standards of performance. In addition, we provide a limited warranty for up to ten years covering only certain defined structural element failures.

Our homebuilding work is performed by subcontractors that typically must agree to indemnify us with regard to their work and provide us with certificates of insurance demonstrating that they have met our insurance requirements and that we are named as an additional insured under their policies. Therefore, many claims relating to workmanship and materials that result in warranty spending are the primary responsibility of these subcontractors. In addition, we maintain insurance coverage related to our construction efforts that can result in recoveries of warranty and construction defect costs above certain specified limits.

Our warranty reserves are included in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets, and the provision for warranty accruals is included in home construction expenses in our consolidated statements of income. We record reserves covering anticipated warranty expense for each home we close. Management reviews the adequacy of warranty reserves each reporting period based on historical experience and management’s estimate of the costs to remediate the claims and adjusts these provisions accordingly. Our review includes a quarterly analysis of the historical data and trends in warranty expense by division. An analysis by division allows us to consider market specific factors such as our warranty experience, the number of home closings, the prices of homes, product mix and other data in estimating our warranty reserves. In addition, our analysis also contemplates the existence of any non-recurring or community-specific warranty-related matters that might not be included in our historical data and trends. While we adjust our estimated warranty liabilities each reporting period to the extent required as a result of our quarterly analyses, historical data and trends may not accurately predict actual warranty costs, which could lead to a significant change in the reserve.

Changes in our warranty reserves are as follows for the periods presented:



	Fiscal Year Ended September 30,
(In thousands)	2017			2016			2015
Balance at beginning of period	$	39,131		$	27,681		$	16,084
Accruals for warranties issued ^(a)	14,215			13,835			10,356
Changes in liability related to warranties existing in prior periods ^(b)	4,807			53,109			30,482
Payments made ^(b)	(40,062		)	(55,494		)	(29,241		)
Balance at end of period	$	18,091		$	39,131		$	27,681

^(a) Accruals for warranties issued are a function of the number of home closings in the period, the selling prices of the homes closed and the rates of accrual per home estimated as a percentage of the selling price of the home.

^(b) Changes in liability related to warranties existing and payments made in all periods are elevated due to charges and subsequent payments related to water intrusion issues in certain of our communities located in Florida (refer to separate discussion below).

Florida and New Jersey Water Intrusion Issues

In the latter portion of our fiscal 2014, we began to experience an increase in calls from homeowners reporting stucco and water intrusion issues in certain of our communities in Florida (the Florida stucco issues). These issues continued to be reported to us in Florida throughout our fiscal 2015, fiscal 2016 and fiscal 2017. Through September 30, 2017, we cumulatively recorded charges related to these issues of $85.6 million.

During our fiscal 2017, the number of homeowner calls beyond those anticipated based on our procedures and previous call history has continued to trend down. However, largely due to increased cost estimates for repairs of homes discovered in more recent periods, we recorded additional warranty adjustments related to the Florida stucco issues of $5.2 million during the current fiscal year, compared to $48.0 million in the prior year. As of September 30, 2017, 710 homes have been identified as likely to require repairs (an increase of 20 homes to those that were anticipated to require repairs as of the end of our fiscal 2016), of which 640 homes have been repaired. We made payments related to the Florida stucco issues of $23.1 million during the current fiscal year, including payments on fully repaired homes, as well as payments on homes for which remediation is not yet complete, bringing the remaining accrual to $4.7 million as of September 30, 2017, compared to $22.6 million as of September 30, 2016. The accrual for the Florida stucco issues is included in our overall warranty liability detailed above. As of September 30, 2017, additional homes in the impacted communities remain within the period specified by the applicable statute of repose but are not yet deemed likely to require repairs and have not been reserved for. The cost to repair these additional homes would be approximately $2.5 million if the current cost estimates were applied to these additional homes.

Our assessment of the Florida stucco issues is ongoing. As a result, we anticipate that the ultimate magnitude of our liability may change as additional information is obtained. Certain visual and other inspections of the homes that could be subject to defect often do not reveal the severity or extent of the defects, which can only be discovered once we receive a homeowner call and begin repairs. The current fiscal year charges were offset by additional insurance recoveries; for a discussion of the amounts we have already recovered or anticipate recovering from our insurers, refer to the “Insurance Recoveries” section below.

In addition, we believe that we will also recover a portion of such repair costs from sources other than our own insurer, including the subcontractors involved with the construction of these homes and their insurers; however, no amounts related to subcontractor recoveries have been recorded in our consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2017. Any amounts recovered from our subcontractors related to homes closed during policy years for which we have exceeded the deductible in our insurance policies would be remitted to our insurers, while recoveries in other policy years would be retained by us.

Insurance Recoveries

The Company has insurance policies that provide for the reimbursement of certain warranty costs incurred by us above a specified threshold for each period covered. We have surpassed these thresholds for certain policy years, particularly those that cover most of the homes impacted by the water intrusion issues discussed above. As such, beginning with the first quarter of our fiscal 2015, we expect a substantial majority of additional costs for warranty work on homes within these policy years to be reimbursed by our insurers. For two policy years, our exposure has exceeded the insurance claim limit for one division under our first layer of coverage; however, we are claiming and recovering additional amounts under our excess insurance coverage.

Warranty expense beyond the thresholds set in our insurance policies was recorded related to homes impacted by the Florida stucco issues, as well as other various warranty issues that are in excess of our insurance thresholds. We adjust our insurance receivable balance each quarter to reflect our estimate of future costs to be incurred, as well as amounts received from our insurers. The adjustments were an increase of $4.8 million and $59.3 million during our fiscal 2017 and 2016, respectively, to reflect the amount that we deem probable of receiving. The changes to our insurance receivable fully offset the current fiscal year movements in our reserve related to the Florida stucco issues. The recoveries recorded during our fiscal 2016 were $3.6 million greater than the underlying expense related to the Florida stucco issues, as we began to recover more costs than initially anticipated. The remaining insurance recovery amount for the year ended September 30, 2016 beyond the Florida stucco issues related to expenditures for warranty issues that were individually immaterial but were also in excess of our insurance thresholds.

Amounts recorded for anticipated insurance recoveries are reflected within our consolidated statements of income as a reduction of our home construction expenses, and associated amounts not yet received from our insurer were recorded on a gross basis, i.e., not net of any associated warranty expense, as a receivable within accounts receivable on our consolidated balance sheets.

Amounts still to be recovered under our insurance policies will vary based on whether expected additional warranty costs are actually incurred for periods for which our threshold has already been met. As a result, we anticipate the balance of our established receivable for insurance recoveries to fluctuate for potential future reimbursements, as well as the amounts ultimately owed to us from our insurer.

Additionally, we entered into agreements with our third-party insurer during our fiscal 2016 to resolve certain issues related to the extent of our insurance coverage for multiple policy years. These agreements resulted in our recognition of $15.5 million in further insurance recoveries (in addition to those discussed above), which was recorded within our consolidated statement of income as a reduction of our home construction expenses.

Litigation

From time to time, we receive claims from institutions that have acquired mortgages originated by our subsidiary, Beazer Mortgage Corporation (BMC), demanding damages or indemnity or that we repurchase such mortgages. BMC stopped originating mortgages in 2008. We have been able to resolve these claims for no cost or for amounts that are not material to our consolidated financial statements. At present there are no such claims outstanding, however, we cannot rule out the potential for additional mortgage loan repurchase or indemnity claims in the future. At this time, we do not believe that the exposure related to any such claims would be material to our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. As of September 30, 2017, no liability has been recorded for any such additional claims, as such exposure is not both probable and reasonably estimable.

In the normal course of business, we are subject to various lawsuits. We cannot predict or determine the timing or final outcome of these lawsuits or the effect that any adverse findings or determinations in pending lawsuits may have on us. In addition, an estimate of possible loss or range of loss, if any, cannot presently be made with respect to certain of these pending matters. An unfavorable determination in any of the pending lawsuits could result in the payment by us of substantial monetary damages, which may not be fully covered by insurance. Further, the legal costs associated with the lawsuits and the amount of time required to be spent by management and our Board of Directors on these matters, even if we are ultimately successful, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Other Matters

During January 2017, we made our final payment under the Deferred Prosecution Agreement and associated Bill of Information (the DPA) entered into on July 1, 2009 with the United States Attorney for the Western District of North Carolina and a separate but related agreement with the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and the Civil Division of the United States Department of Justice (the HUD Agreement). In total, we paid a cumulative $33.5 million related to the DPA and the HUD Agreement. Our expense related to these agreements was $4.9 million and $5.3 million for our fiscal 2016 and 2015, respectively, which was recorded in G&A in our consolidated statements of income. This will be the last report for this matter.

We and certain of our subsidiaries have been named as defendants in various claims, complaints and other legal actions, most relating to construction defects, moisture intrusion and product liability. Certain of the liabilities resulting from these actions are covered in whole or part by insurance. In our opinion, based on our current assessment, the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

We have an accrual of $3.9 million and $10.2 million in other liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets related to litigation and other matters, excluding warranty, as of September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

We had outstanding letters of credit and performance bonds of approximately $45.5 million and $200.6 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2017, related principally to our obligations to local governments to construct roads and other improvements in various developments.