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Securities Financing Activities
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Banking and Thrift [Abstract]  
Securities Financing Activities 12. Securities Financing Activities

We enter into repurchase agreements to finance overnight customer sweep deposits. We also enter into repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements to settle other securities obligations. We account for these securities financing agreements as collateralized financing transactions. Repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements are recorded on the balance sheet at the amounts for which the securities will be subsequently sold or repurchased. Securities borrowed transactions are recorded on the balance sheet at the amounts of cash collateral advanced. While our securities financing agreements incorporate a right of set off, the assets and liabilities are reported on a gross basis. Reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowed transactions are included in “short-term investments” on the balance sheet; repurchase agreements are included in “federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements.” Additional information regarding our securities financing activities, including risk management activities, is provided in Note 16. Securities Financing Activities beginning on page 160 of our 2017 Form 10-K.

The following table summarizes our securities financing agreements at September 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017:

 
September 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
in millions
Gross Amount
Presented in
Balance Sheet
Netting
Adjustments (a)
Collateral (b)
Net
Amounts
 
Gross Amount
Presented in
Balance Sheet
Netting
Adjustments (a)
Collateral (b)
Net
Amounts
Offsetting of financial assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Reverse repurchase agreements
$
7

$
(1
)
$
(6
)
—

 
$
3

$
(3
)
—

—

Total
$
7

$
(1
)
$
(6
)
—

 
$
3

$
(3
)
—

—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Offsetting of financial liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Repurchase agreements (c)
$
285

$
(2
)
$
(283
)
—

 
$
374

$
(4
)
$
(370
)
—

Total
$
285

$
(2
)
$
(283
)
—

 
$
374

$
(4
)
$
(370
)
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)
Netting adjustments take into account the impact of master netting agreements that allow us to settle with a single counterparty on a net basis.
(b)
These adjustments take into account the impact of bilateral collateral agreements that allow us to offset the net positions with the related collateral. The application of collateral cannot reduce the net position below zero. Therefore, excess collateral, if any, is not reflected above.
(c)
Repurchase agreements are collateralized by mortgaged-backed agency securities and are contracted on an overnight or continuous basis.

As of September 30, 2018, the carrying amount of assets pledged as collateral against repurchase agreements totaled $416 million. Assets pledged as collateral are reported in “securities available for sale” and “held-to-maturity securities” on our balance sheet. At September 30, 2018, the liabilities associated with collateral pledged were solely comprised of customer sweep financing activity and had a carrying value of $283 million. The collateral pledged under customer sweep repurchase agreements is posted to a third-party custodian and cannot be sold or
repledged by the secured party. The risk related to a decline in the market value of collateral pledged is minimal given the collateral's high credit quality and the overnight duration of the repurchase agreements.