FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

7. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, a three-tier fair value hierarchy has been established, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:


Level 1:				Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;
Level 2:				Inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets and/or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active near the measurement date; and
Level 3:				Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

The Company classifies its cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments within Level 1 or Level 2. The fair value of the Company’s high quality investment grade corporate debt securities is determined using proprietary valuation models and analytical tools. These valuation models and analytical tools use market pricing or prices for similar instruments that are both objective and publicly available, including matrix pricing or reported trades, benchmark yields, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids and/or offers. The Company did not reclassify any investments between levels in the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.

The Company’s assets which were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were determined using the inputs described above and are as follows (in millions):


				Fair Value Measurements Using
	Carrying Value			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
September 30, 2017:
Classified as current assets:
Cash and money market funds	$	269.4		$	269.4		$	—		$	—
Certificates of deposit		0.2			0.2			—			—
Commercial paper		66.7			—			66.7			—
Securities of government-sponsored entities		12.5			—			12.5			—
Corporate debt securities		163.7			—			163.7			—

Subtotal		512.5			269.6			242.9			—
Classified as long-term assets:
Certificates of deposit		3.0			3.0			—			—
Securities of government-sponsored entities		11.0			—			11.0			—
Corporate debt securities		199.3			—			199.3			—

Total		725.8			272.6			453.2			—
Less cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(272.4	)		(272.4	)		—			—

Total investments	$	453.4		$	0.2		$	453.2		$	—

December 31, 2016:
Classified as current assets:
Cash and money market funds	$	73.6		$	73.6		$	—		$	—
Certificates of deposit		1.0			1.0			—			—
Commercial paper		49.2			—			49.2			—
Securities of government-sponsored entities		5.4			—			5.4			—
Corporate debt securities		178.1			—			178.1			—

Subtotal		307.3			74.6			232.7			—
Classified as long-term assets:
Certificates of deposit		4.9			4.9			—			—
Securities of government-sponsored entities		7.5			—			7.5			—
Corporate debt securities		36.0			—			36.0			—

Total		355.7			79.5			276.2			—
Less cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(88.1	)		(78.5	)		(9.6	)		—

Total investments	$	267.6		$	1.0		$	266.6		$	—

The carrying amounts of the Company’s receivables and payables approximate their fair value due to their short maturities.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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