-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, IzWYrPIAXW0qH2iqlf0CTDuDTsaWcRnTnefTjoV3tQU8Mpvfv5sPUcE451uipTTI mAJ0czdbdVtr5zXZPllgBA== 0001193125-08-053039.txt : 20080311 0001193125-08-053039.hdr.sgml : 20080311 20080311172032 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-08-053039 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 11 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20071231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20080311 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20080311 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000913885 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SEMICONDUCTORS & RELATED DEVICES [3674] IRS NUMBER: 953654013 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-22660 FILM NUMBER: 08681546 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2300 NE BROOKWOOD PARKWAY CITY: HILLSBORO STATE: OR ZIP: 97124 BUSINESS PHONE: 5036159000 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2300 NE BROOKWOOD PARKWAY CITY: HILLSBORO STATE: OR ZIP: 97124 10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K
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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 0-22660

TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   95-3654013

(State or other jurisdiction

of incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

2300 N.E. Brookwood Parkway

Hillsboro, Oregon 97124

(503) 615- 9000

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of principal executive offices)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Common Stock, $.001 par value per share

(Title of class)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form
10-K.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer  ¨    Accelerated filer  x
Non-accelerated filer  ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes  ¨    No  x

The aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, based upon the closing sale price of the common stock on June 30, 2007, the last day of the Registrant’s second fiscal quarter, reported on the NASDAQ Stock Market, was approximately $532,335,954. Shares of common stock held by each executive officer and director and by each person who owns 5% or more of the Registrant’s outstanding common stock have been excluded from this computation. The determination of affiliate status for this purpose is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes. The Registrant does not have any non-voting common equity securities.

As of March 6, 2008, there were 142,994,211 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Part III incorporates certain information by reference from the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in connection with the Registrant’s 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which is scheduled to be held on May 21, 2008. Such Definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the Commission not later than 120 days after the conclusion of the Registrant’s year ended December 31, 2007.

 

 

 


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Important Notice to Stockholders:

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains both historical information and forward-looking statements about TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. (“TriQuint”, “we”, “us”, “our” or “our company”). In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “anticipates,” “appears,” “believes,” “continue,” “estimates,” “expects,” “feels,” “hope,” “intends,” “may,” “our future success depends,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “reasonably,” “seek to continue,” “should,” “thinks,” “will” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. A number of factors affect our operating results and could cause our actual future results to differ materially from any forward-looking results, including, but not limited to, those related to our product strategy; demand in the handset, networks , and military markets; our product offerings and outlook for each of our markets; our growth in handset market share; potential customer concentration risks; changes in our critical accounting estimate; our ability to enter into new military contracts; our competitive advantages in design and process; our ability to manufacture and sell in international markets; our plans for our manufacturing facilities; risks associated with manufacturing yields and our ability to improve yields, costs and subcontractor services; risks associated with our production outside of the U.S.; our reliance on certain suppliers; our expectations regarding the selling prices for our products; our expectations regarding our competitors and pricing levels; our goal to reduce costs and improve performance value for our products; risks associated with intellectual property including protecting our interests and infringing on others’; our ability to improve our products and processes and develop new products; impact of environmental regulations on our business; risks associated with our unfilled orders; our ability to meet revenue guidance and penetrate our markets; expected operating expenses, gross margins and per share earnings; transactions affecting liquidity; capital expenditures; and other comments that involve risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, the risks discussed in Part I of this report titled “Risk Factors.” These statements are only predictions. Actual events or results may differ materially. In addition, historical information should not be considered an indicator of future performance.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, we are under no duty to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to conform these statements to actual results. These forward-looking statements are made in reliance upon the safe harbor provision of The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.


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TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

INDEX

 

PART I   
Item 1.   

Business

   1
Item 1A.   

Risk Factors

   14
Item 1B.   

Unresolved Staff Comments

   29
Item 2.   

Properties

   29
Item 3.   

Legal Proceedings

   30
Item 4.   

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

   31
PART II
Item 5.   

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

   32
Item 6.   

Selected Financial Data

   33
Item 7.   

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   35
Item 7A.   

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

   54
Item 8.   

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

   54
Item 9.   

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

   54
Item 9A.   

Controls and Procedures

   54
Item 9B.   

Other Information

   55
PART III
Item 10.   

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

   56
Item 11.   

Executive Compensation

   58
Item 12.   

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

   58
Item 13.   

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

   58
Item 14.   

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

   59
PART IV
Item 15.   

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

   60
SIGNATURES AND CERTIFICATIONS
  

Signatures

   65
  

Certifications

   67


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PART I

 

Item 1. Business

Overview

TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. (“TriQuint,” “we,” us,” “our,” or “our company”) is a supplier of high performance modules, components and foundry services to the world’s leading communications companies.

Our focus is on the specialized expertise, materials and know-how to design, manufacture and sell radio frequency (“RF”) and other high and intermediate frequency products that address three primary end markets: handsets, networks and military systems. We continually strive to lower customers’ costs and improve system performance through advanced engineering expertise, dedicated service and forward-looking design. Our products are designed on various wafer substrates including compound semiconductor materials such as gallium arsenide (“GaAs”) and piezoelectric crystals such as lithium tantalate (“LiTaO3”). We use a variety of process technologies using GaAs substrates including heterojunction bipolar transistors (“HBTs”) and pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistors (“pHEMTs”). Using various other substrates we also manufacture surface acoustic wave (“SAW”) and bulk acoustic wave (“BAW”) products. Using these materials and our proprietary technologies, we believe our products can overcome the performance barriers of competing devices in a variety of applications and offer other key advantages such as steeper selectivity, lower distortion, higher power and power-added efficiency, reduced size and weight and more precise frequency control. For example, GaAs has inherent physical properties that allow its electrons to move up to five times faster than those of silicon. This higher electron mobility permits the manufacture of GaAs integrated circuits that operate at higher levels of performance than silicon devices.

In the U.S., we have design and manufacturing facilities in Oregon, Texas and Florida with additional design facilities in Colorado, Massachusetts and North Carolina, as well as sales support offices in various locations. Outside the U.S., we have a production and assembly facility in Costa Rica, a design facility in Germany and application sales support offices in China, Finland, France, Germany, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Sweden, Taiwan and the United Kingdom. We own and operate our own wafer fabrication, foundry and product test and assembly facilities. We also lease one facility and use subcontractors for a significant portion of our test and assembly processes. We use our proprietary processes in these facilities to produce high performance RF, analog and mixed-signal modules, components, integrated circuits and other products in high volumes and believe that control of these manufacturing processes enables us to be a reliable source of supply with increased opportunities to enhance quality, reliability and manufacturing efficiency. In addition, control of our manufacturing process and our combined research and design capabilities assist us in developing new processes and products and increase our ability to be responsive to customer requirements.

We believe we have vertically integrated our sizeable design and production capabilities to focus on the needs of RF, analog and mixed-signal applications as a foundation to service our primary end markets. We also believe our integration strategy allows us to offer cost-saving advantages and high-quality products, which in turn have made our products the choice of industry leaders across the globe.

We were incorporated in California in 1981 and reincorporated in Delaware on February 12, 1997. We have the following wholly-owned operating subsidiaries; TFR Technologies, Inc., TriQuint, Inc., TriQuint S.R.L., TriQuint Semiconductor Texas LP, TriQuint Sales and Design, Inc., TriQuint Colorado, Inc., TriQuint Semiconductor GmbH, TriQuint Asia, TriQuint International Holding Co, TriQuint Technology Holding Co, TriQuint Texas General Holding Company, TriQuint Texas Limited Holding Company, Triquint (Shanghai) Trading Co. Ltd., TriQuint Semiconductor Japan TYK, and Sawtek Sweden AB. Our principal executive offices are located at 2300 N.E. Brookwood Parkway, Hillsboro, Oregon 97124 and our telephone number at that location is (503) 615-9000. Information about our company is also available at our website at www.triquint.com, which includes links free of charge to reports and amendments to those reports we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The contents of our website

 

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are not incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. These reports can also be accessed at the SEC website, www.sec.gov.

Industry Background

Market demands for higher levels of performance with reduced cost in electronic communications systems have produced an increasing number of varied, complex applications. The increased capabilities of these new systems, in turn, are spawning new markets and a further proliferation of new, sophisticated applications. Many of these new applications have emerged in the handset, networks and military markets. Specifically, the handset and networks markets are constantly changing with the advent of new and more complex applications such as digital cameras, video recorders, music players, mobile televisions, handheld navigation based on the global positioning satellite (“GPS”) standard, Bluetooth, wireless local area networks (“WLANs”) and wireless internet. Wireless communications systems can offer the functional advantages of wired systems without the costly and time-consuming development of an extensive wired infrastructure, which is of particular importance in developing parts of the world which operate without widely distributed, existing wired infrastructure. In addition, many of these new applications require battery-powered portability. The proliferation of some of these new applications, combined with a demand for higher data rates to support them due to the more complex and advanced applications, has led to increased communication traffic resulting in congestion of the existing assigned frequency bands and more power consumption. As a consequence, wireless communications are moving to higher, less congested frequency bands and are implementing new, advanced communication standards. The advantages of wireless communications systems, as well as the increasing demand for wireless communications at higher frequencies, continue to drive worldwide growth in existing communication systems and continue to drive the emergence of new markets and applications.

The military market utilizes advanced monolithic microwave integrated circuits (“MMICs”), as well as SAW, surface transverse wave (“STW”) and BAW devices for aerospace, military and commercial applications. Aerospace and military applications often require extreme precision, reliability and durability. Our products include high power amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, switches, fixed frequency and voltage controlled oscillators, filters and attenuators for use in a variety of advanced systems such as active array radar, missiles, electronic warfare and space communications systems. Commercial applications for products and services in this frequency range include wireless telephone applications, optical fiber links and switching networks, millimeter wave (“mmW”) radios for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint systems, phased-array radar and satellite links both on the orbiting payload and for earth station very small aperture terminal (“VSAT”) transmitters.

To address the market demands for higher levels of performance, electronic communications systems manufacturers have relied heavily on advances in high performance components and modules such as those we produce. In addition, traditional signal processing technologies included lumped element filters, ceramic filters, crystal filters, resonators and oscillators. However, today’s high performance electronic systems require performance beyond that achievable with these technologies. The performance requirements of certain critical system functions generally cannot be achieved using silicon based semiconductors or filters, resonators and oscillators based on traditional technologies. As a result, systems manufacturers continue to seek components and modules which can overcome these performance limitations. GaAs semiconductor technology is an effective alternative and/or complement to silicon solutions in many high performance applications. The higher electron mobility of GaAs permits GaAs integrated circuits to operate at higher speeds than silicon devices or at the same speeds with lower power consumption. In addition, SAW and BAW technology offers a number of advantages over traditional filter technologies, including precise frequency control and selectivity, reduced size and weight, high reliability, environmental stability and the

 

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ability to pass RF signals with minimal distortion. In general, SAW technology has a cost/performance advantage from low frequencies to approximately 2 gigahertz. BAW technology has a cost/performance advantage from approximately 2 gigahertz to 10 gigahertz.

In many new applications, GaAs integrated circuits and acoustic filters (SAW or BAW) enable high performance systems to process signals and information more quickly and more precisely. In addition, the use of these components in high performance communications systems can reduce system power requirements and the physical size and weight of the system, important elements in battery powered or portable applications. These characteristics, combined with the systems requirements of the communications industry, have led to the use of our components in high volumes to complement silicon devices in a wide range of commercial and aerospace systems.

Electronic communications systems manufacturers, particularly handset manufacturers, are also moving increasingly toward designing integrated modules into their phones, rather than the individual components comprising these modules. By doing this, the handset manufacturers can achieve cost reductions, optimization of design and reduction of the size of their phones while accelerating design cycles and time to market. Our high performance GaAs integrated circuits and our SAW filters comprise some of the primary components in these RF modules. In addition, we are currently developing our BAW technology to address the needs of higher frequency filters for the next generation of wireless communication products.

TriQuint Strategy

Our strategy is to provide our customers with high-performance, low-cost solutions to applications in the handset, networks, and military markets. Our mission is, “Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network™,” and we accomplish this through a diversified product portfolio within the communications and military industries. In the handset market, we provide high performance devices such as RF filters, duplexerssmall signal components, power amplifiers, switches and passive components. We have also developed integrated RF modules with the goal of maximizing content and minimizing stacked margins by offering complete module solutions with almost all subcomponents sourced from our own technologies, a key to our growth in 2007. In networks markets, we are a supplier of both active GaAs and passive SAW components. We provide the military market with phased-array antenna radar components and in 2005 were awarded the role of prime contractor on a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (“DARPA”) contract to develop high power wide band amplifiers in gallium nitride (“GaN”), a next generation GaAs derived technology. In 2006 we were further recognized by the Office of Naval Research, which awarded us a $3.1 million contract to improve manufacturing methods of producing high-power, high-voltage S-band GaAs amplifiers. The other key elements of our strategy include:

Focus on RF power, filtering and switching design excellence.

We have made substantial investments in our RF power, filtering and switching design capabilities. Our design teams have specialized expertise to address the needs of each of our target markets. The foundation of our design resources is an extensive library of cells and associated software tools and databases necessary to develop new products rapidly and cost-effectively. We believe that our RF power, filtering and switching design capabilities provide us with a competitive advantage in designing and developing integrated circuit modules and SAW/BAW-based products for standard or customer-specific products in our target markets. More specifically, as handsets migrate to multi-mode radios and broadband data connections move to multiple-input, multiple-output (“MIMO”) standards, the complexity, content and value of the RF section increases.

 

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Diversification of business models, market applications, technologies and customers.

We offer a broad range of standard and customer-specific products, as well as manufacturing, design and foundry services, which address numerous end-user applications in a variety of communications markets. We provide a balanced portfolio of products and services, ranging from foundry services to die level products, packaged components and integrated modules. Our primary application areas are handsets, networks and military. Our products are designed on various wafer substrates using a variety of technologies.

Create the smallest, highest performance components and modules with the highest value for the front-end of various communication systems.

We continue to introduce new, fully optimized products in the marketplace which we believe meet the changing needs of our customers. For example, we recently introduced new handset front-end modules which we believe offer industry-leading integration, performance and size-reduction. In addition, we have introduced a new line of RF SAW filters for GSM/EDGE/WEDGE networks that offer cost-effectiveness and performance in a standard size which we believe is superior to other solutions in the market.

Capitalize on partnerships with industry leaders in our target markets.

We plan to continue to establish and maintain close working relationships with industry leaders in our target markets. We also intend to maintain existing, and establish new strategic relationships with companies that provide access to new technologies, products and markets. These relationships are critical to providing us with insights into future customer requirements, which facilitates the timely development of new products and services to meet the changing needs of our target markets.

Markets and Applications

We focus on three end markets in the electronic communications system industry: handsets, networks and military applications. During the first quarter of 2007, we changed our classification of products slightly to align with our target markets going forward. Our new product categories combine most of our broadband and base station products to form our networks market. The resulting markets will be as follows; handsets, networks and military.

Handsets

The demand for handsets has evolved over the past several years as a result of increased demand for enhanced voice and data communication capabilities. Users want handsets to provide signal quality similar to wired communication systems, be smaller and lighter, accommodate longer talk time and standby time and contain complex functionality such as digital cameras, video recorders, music players, GPS, Bluetooth, internet access, mobile television and other video standards. To support the growing demand for wireless data communications, implementation of new standards has evolved such as GPRS, EDGE, WEDGE, WCDMA and others. This increase in wireless communication traffic has resulted in congestion of the assigned frequency bands, creating capacity issues for network operators. As a consequence, wireless communications standards are evolving to more efficiently utilize the available spectrum and demand has increased for handsets that work across multiple standards and frequency bands. Handsets of this complexity provide new technical challenges that our products are well suited to address and we believe our new “Global Handset Strategy” will be able to meet the needs of this evolving market.

Our handset revenue is from electronic components for mobile phones including transmit modules, RF filters, power amplifiers (“PAs”) and power amplifier modules (“PAMs”), duplexers, other RF devices and integrated products. We sell these products to handset manufacturers worldwide. Historically, the demand for handset components and modules has been driven by the increasing usage of handsets worldwide and the increasing complexity of those handsets which utilize features such as multiband radios and global

 

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positioning systems. Worldwide, the total number of handset subscribers continues to grow, with China and India growing at the fastest rates. There are a number of wireless phone standards in use around the world. GSM/GPRS and CDMA are the primary wireless air interface standards used. GSM/GPRS is the most prevalent standard, utilized primarily in Europe and many parts of Asia. GSM/GPRS has a growing presence in the U.S. CDMA is the standard used principally in North and South America, Korea, and parts of China and India. Historically, we have sold more CDMA products. However, over the past several years, we have focused our efforts on the design of products based on the GSM/GPRS and WCDMA/EDGE standards. We believe we have made significant advances and are continuing to gain market share for GSM/GPRS and WCDMA/EDGE products. Our growing product portfolio embraces the needs required by the third generation of mobile communication (“3G”) with a complete selection of WCDMA/EDGE modules.

The handset market has experienced growth in each of the past 16 years, except for 2001 due to a slowdown in the overall economy. Further, the global number of subscribers to wireless communications has grown. This growth has been particularly strong due to growth in both China and India as well as the increase in demand for new phones with additional features. We believe we are well positioned to benefit from this growth.

In many handset applications, GaAs material and device design can provide key performance advantages over silicon, such as higher frequency operation, improved signal reception and transmission, better signal processing in congested bands and greater power efficiency for longer battery life. These are becoming increasingly important with the new applications and we believe our use of GaAs wafer substrates and a variety of technologies provides us with the ability to satisfy these market demands. Further, our access to varied process technologies enables us to combine them in applications to optimize both product performance and cost. Specifically, as part of our new global handset strategy, we have introduced many new products for this market, including the following product families: HADRON, TRITIUM and QUANTUM. Our HADRON PA ModuleTM family is an industry standard series of discrete PA modules that provide customers with the choice between EDGE-Linear and EDGE-Polar architectures which we believe are optimized to deliver the best possible talk time in GSM/GPRS and WCDMA/EDGE modes. Our TRITIUM PA-Duplexer ModuleTM family includes versions that support both CDMA and WCDMA/HSDPA/HSUPA applications integrating a duplexer and transmit module interstage filter with a linear PA, each optimized to global geographic frequency bands. Our QUANTUM Tx ModuleTM family builds on the heritage of our signature GSM/GPRS transmit modules, integrating a GaAs pHEMT switch, low pass filters and a PA along with all necessary matching control circuits. Our new QUANTUM II Tx ModuleTM and TRITIUM PA-Duplexer ModuleTM for the WCDMA market provide for an even more compact solution. We believe these new modules are an excellent compliment to our current line of GSM/GPRS and WCDMA/EDGE products for current and next-generation handsets as well as Bluetooth PAs and filters.

Historically, we have experienced seasonal fluctuations in our sales of handset components. Our revenues are generally the strongest in the fourth quarter in response to the holiday selling season and weakest in the first quarter of each year. This seasonality was apparent in the first half of 2007. However, during 2007 as a whole, we had many successful design wins, placing us in over 100 phone models and we believe that our market share grew to approximately 9% to 10% from 2006.

As a percentage of our total revenues, our revenues from handsets products accounted for approximately 53% in 2007, as compared to 51% of revenues in 2006 and 43% of revenues in 2005.

Networks

Our networks market includes products that support the transfer of voice, data or video across wireless or wired networks. Our strategy for networks is “Simplifying RF” through integration, superior performance and unmatched customer support. Our products for this market are divided into three main applications:

 

   

Base station, including point-to-point microwave radios.

 

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Broadband which includes broadband wireless access products for Bluetooth, wireless LANs (local area networks) / WiMAX (worldwide interoperability for microwave access), and WiBro (wireless broadband). It also includes wired broadband applications such as CATV (community access television or cable television), and optical communications and satellite broad communication applications such as VSAT (very small aperture terminals), which are classified as groundstation.

 

   

Other / Standard Products which include numerous smaller markets and products that may serve multiple markets. Networks revenue reported here includes both revenues from standard products as well as foundry services that support the networks markets.

Our broadband products enable the transmission of data and video at high speed. We further divide the broadband market based on whether the broadband transmission is over wireless (WLAN, WMAN, WPAN), cable, satellite ground station, or optical. We also report GPS and our multi-market standard products in the broadband category, which combined allow our customers dependable GaAs and SAW devices that make broadband connectivity possible.

Overall, 2007 was a solid year for our broadband products and our other products driven primarily by the strength of our WLAN and GPS devices in combination with the strength of our cable products. During 2007, we announced new packaged products, SAT-COM applications and general purpose standard products. We also expect products developed from our acquisition of Peak Devices in August 2007 to strengthen our product portfolio for the high power market.

Base stations are critical to the success of any mobile network because they form the backbone of these complex wireless communications systems. The demand for base station equipment is related to network build-out plans of wireless network operators and is highly dependent upon the capital equipment budgets of those operators. We believe there are three major drivers to the base station equipment market. The first is the continued deployment of base stations in Asia and other emerging markets such as China, India and Africa. The second is the build-out of GSM/EDGE networks for the U.S. and Latin America to upgrade and expand existing networks. However, this projected growth could be offset, in part, by the consolidation of network operators which could reduce the demand of infrastructure investments in the future. The third is the build-out of 3G WCDMA systems. Demand in the base station market has increased in the past couple of years due to increased capital spending by network operators, including EDGE rollouts in the U.S., WCDMA rollouts in Europe and new network build outs in Asia and India.

In the base station market, we provide products used in base station transceivers and point-to-point radios used for cellular back haul, such as SAW filters and millimeter wave MMIC devices. Revenues from this end market can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and are dependent on both new base station build-out and upgrades to existing base stations. As wireless infrastructure networks are built in developing countries and remote areas, we expect to benefit from point-to-point radio product demand for back haul communications from base station transceivers and base station controller systems. We continue to see robust demand for our point-to-point radio products, driven largely by the number of wireless back haul base station installations and upgrades as the demand for data-centric applications increases. Additionally, TriQuint is introducing a new product designed to improve base station power amplifier design for WCDMA/UMTS 3G networks. Traditional GSM/GPRS system amplifiers cannot simultaneously achieve high efficiency at the linear operation power level required for more data-centric 3G systems, TriQuint’s HV-HBT transistors will provide a significant ‘step-function’ improvement in amplifier efficiencies while operated at a high linear power level. Higher linear efficiency operation will generate less heat and will allow system providers to realize immediate savings by reducing transistor heat sink size, the number of cooling fans required and overall air-conditioning expense. Longer term, TriQuint believes its products have the potential to eliminate the current ground based amplifier configuration in exchange for a tower top amplifier which would further lower system operating costs.

 

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Our revenues from networks products accounted for approximately 36% of our total revenues in 2007, as compared to 37% in 2006 and 42% in 2005. We have announced new packaged products SAT-COM applications and general purpose standard products.

Military

Our largest customers in this market are military subcontractors to the U.S. government. These subcontractors use our products for phased-array radar to identify, track and target aircraft and threats of unknown origin as well as in communications systems. The capability to track multiple targets simultaneously is one of the key enhancements found on the new generation of fighters such as the F-22 Raptor and Joint Strike Fighter (“JSF”). We are teamed with the prime contractors on both of these programs and microwave PAs will provide the capability to transmit the microwave power that is at the heart of the radar’s operation. These radars are comprised of large arrays of elements, each with its own PA. In addition to supplying components for those airborne phased array radars mentioned above, TriQuint is engaged with the prime defense contractors in the development and production of phased array radars for ship board and ground-based applications. In the military communications field, we supply filters and other components for hand held and satellite communications systems.

We also are directly engaged with the U.S. government, primarily through our 2005 multi-year DARPA contract to develop high power, wide band amplifiers in GaN. GaN HEMT devices provide the higher power density and efficiency required for high power phased array radar, electronic warfare, missile seeker and communications systems and we believe that at the end of the program, we will have a reliable, reproducible and stable GaN process suitable for the Department of Defense and commercial applications. In 2006, we were awarded a contract to improve manufacturing methods of producing high-power, high-voltage S-band GaAs amplifiers from the Office of Naval Research. We hope to continue to participate in and expand these programs in 2008 and beyond. However, the current conflicts in the Middle East are consuming a significant portion of the military budget that may have otherwise been available for advanced aircraft upgrades and deployments, causing some risk that programs such as the F-22 Raptor and JSF could be delayed. On the other hand, the DoD is also pursuing the less expensive approach of upgrading existing systems, like the F15 and B2 radars, as a means of optimizing the use of the limited budget. TriQuint is well positioned to participate in such upgrades as well.

Our military business accounted for approximately 11% of our total revenues in 2007, compared to 12% in 2006 and 15% in 2005.

Products

We offer a broad array of RF, analog and mixed-signal integrated circuits and acoustic filter products as a foundation to address the needs of our customers in target markets. We utilize specialized substrate materials and high performance technologies such as pHEMT, GaN HEMT, HBT, HFET (Heterostructure Field Effect Transistor), MESFET (Metal-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), SAW and BAW to design and manufacture products which overcome the performance barriers of competing devices. In addition, we believe our products offer other key advantages such as steeper selectivity, lower distortion, higher power and power-added efficiency, reduced size and weight and more precise frequency control. Our broad range of standard and customer-specific integrated circuits, components and modules, and SAW and BAW duplexers and filters, combined with our manufacturing and design services, allow customers to select the specific product solution that best fulfills their technical and time-to-market requirements. We believe efficient manufacturing facilities and processes result in products that provide our customers a favorable price/performance trade-off.

In addition, we offer our customers a variety of product options and services for the development of customer-specific products. Our services include design, wafer fabrication, test engineering, package engineering, assembly and test. Customer-specific designs are generally implemented by one of two

 

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methods. Under the first method, the customer supplies us with detailed performance specifications and we design, develop and manufacture the integrated circuits. These designs are generated using either our in-house design engineering group or independent third-party design organizations which have been qualified by us. Under the second method, we supply circuit design and process rules to our customer and the customer’s internal engineering staff designs and develops the product, which we then manufacture as wafers, die, or packaged devices. Typically we provide products to these customers in wafer form.

We focus the development of our customer-specific products on applications requiring high volume production. As is typical in the semiconductor industry, customer-specific products are developed for specific applications. As a result, we expect to generate production revenues only from those customer-specific products that are subsequently produced in high volume.

We offer families of products for the following target market application areas. These include:

Handsets

Our products include transmit modules, power amplifiers, power amplifier modules, filter banks, receivers, duplexers, switches, integrated products and other advanced products to meet the changing needs of the global communications marketplace. We believe our products are uniquely able to meet the needs of the evolving global wireless market because our broad in-house technology portfolio is designed to address the needs of system designers for low noise, power efficient amplification, low loss switching and efficient and accurate frequency conversion. Our products support 2G and 3G standards (GSM/GPRS, CDMA, EDGE, WCDMA, and others) and can be found across this wide spectrum. We believe our highly integrated, smaller sized modules and components enable quicker design turns, higher performance, lower part count and lower overall solution costs.

Networks

Our Networks division is comprised of three primary markets focused on connectivity; base station, broadband and other products. Base station includes our products used in all cellular 2G and 3G standards of base transceiver station (“BTS”) as well as our products used in the point-to-point radio back haul that is used to connect these cellular base stations. Broadband is an umbrella term we use for products, standards and technology used to support higher data rates across wireless or wired networks. This includes both the network and the Customer Premise Equipment (“CPE”). Bluetooth devices, cable head-end and set-top boxes, WLAN and WiMAX networks, plus voice over internet protocol (“VoIP”) and video on demand (“VOD”) are familiar members of the broadband universe. Our “other” products include all products which do not fit into our handset or military markets; or into the base station or broadband segments of our networks market. Products classified as “other” include our automotive, test equipment, GPS and medical products. We also classify our standard products that can support multiple markets, applications and customers.

Networks products include packaged or die level GaAs components such as high power amplifiers, Low Noise Amplifiers (“LNAs”), field effect transistors (“FETs”), switches, gain blocks, attenuators, voltage controlled oscillators, and mixers. In addition, we offer SAW and BAW filters and integrate various combinations of these active and passive products into multifunction integrated circuits and modules. Networks products span frequency ranges of 50 MHz to over 75 GHz.

Military

Our products are used in large scale programs with long lead-times. Once a component has been designed into an end-use product for a military application, the same component is generally used during the entire production life of the end-use product. As a result, we tend to produce large volumes of these components. Specific products for this market include PAs for phased-array radar antenna and similar applications for air borne systems allowing them the capability to track multiple targets simultaneously.

 

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Other products include MMICs, such as frequency converters, control devices, switches, discretes and oscillators. Additionally, with the purchase of TFR, we expanded our product line to include BAW filter and resonator products.

Design and Process Technology

In order to rapidly develop and cost-effectively introduce new products that address the needs of our customers, we have made substantial investments in building our capabilities in RF, analog and mixed-signal circuit design technologies. We have developed an extensive library of component cells and associated software tools and databases which we use to facilitate the design of our integrated circuits. We have developed techniques for material design as well. The advancement of our products is highly dependent on our ability to quickly and accurately produce the proper material structure to meet the targeted end device performance. We have also developed and documented process and design rules which allow customers to design proprietary integrated circuits themselves. Mixed-signal products, which generally involve varied and complex functions operating at high frequencies, generally present the most complex design and testing challenges. We believe that our extensive cell library, device simulation models, optimized mixed-signal process technology and design and test engineering expertise in high performance mixed-signal integrated circuits provide a competitive advantage.

Our manufacturing strategy is to use high volume process technologies when possible to enable us to provide cost-effective, stable, uniform and repeatable solutions for our customers. We provide advanced wafer manufacturing processes and we have pursued core process technologies that are cost-effective for RF, analog and mixed-signal electronic applications. As a result, we are able to enjoy the cost advantages associated with standard high volume semiconductor manufacturing practices. The core process technology in our Hillsboro, Oregon wafer fabrication operation employs both implanted and epitaxial structures, 4 micron metal pitch, typically 0.5 or greater micron geometries, involves 10 to 18 mask steps, has a cutoff frequency of up to 21 GHz and is scalable. This scalability facilitates further cost reduction and performance improvement. The process technology employed in our Texas wafer fabrication operation includes eight advanced performance production processes: 0.5 micron gate length MESFET for amplifier applications; two 0.15, a 0.25 and a 0.5 micron gate length pHEMT for high power and high frequency applications; a 0.15 micron gate length mHEMT process for ultra-high frequency and low noise applications; HBT for high voltage, high linearity and high power density; 0.5 micron gate length HFET for high voltage, high power amplifiers and switches and Vertical P-I-N diode (VPIN) for signal control devices such as switches, limiters and attenuators. In our Florida wafer fabrication operation, we use manufacturing techniques that are very similar to those for integrated circuits to produce our SAW devices. In our Texas and Bend, Oregon wafer fabrication operations, we use manufacturing techniques that are very similar to those for integrated circuits to produce our BAW devices,

Customers

We have a broad customer base of leading systems manufacturers. Motorola, Inc. accounted for approximately 12%, 14% and 13% of our revenues in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, while Samsung accounted for 14% and 15% of our revenues in 2007 and 2006, respectively. No other single end customer accounted for greater than 10% of our revenues during these periods.

Our sales to end customers outside the U.S. accounted for approximately 78%, 73% and 68% of revenues in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. In 2007, sales to end customers in China and South Korea accounted for the majority of our sales outside of the U.S. and represented 30% and 16%, respectively, of our revenues. In 2006, sales to end customers in China and South Korea accounted for approximately 23% and 16% of our revenues, respectively. In 2005, sales to end customers in China accounted for approximately 23% of our revenues.

Some of our sales to overseas customers are made under export licenses that must be obtained from the U.S. Department of Commerce.

 

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Manufacturing

We currently have six manufacturing centers located in Oregon, Texas, Florida, Colorado and Costa Rica as follows:

 

   

A 254,000 square foot Hillsboro, Oregon facility located on 50 acres of land. This facility houses our 76,000 square foot wafer fabrication facility as well as executive, administrative, engineering, test and technical offices. The fabrication facility includes 21,000 square feet of space that is operated as a Class 10 performance clean room.

 

   

A 14,100 square foot, Bend, Oregon facility of which approximately 4,600 is fabrication space. This facility was acquired as part of our TFR acquisition and is under an operating lease, expiring in June 2009.

 

   

A 540,000 square foot Richardson, Texas facility on approximately 38 acres of land. The Richardson facility has 48,000 square feet of Class 1 performance clean room space; however, we currently operate the clean room as a Class 10 performance clean room.

 

   

A 92,100 square foot Apopka, Florida facility is a wafer fabrication, assembly and test facility located on approximately 16 acres of land. The Apopka wafer fabrication facility includes 16,000 square feet of clean room, of which 2,300 square feet is Class 10 performance clean room.

 

   

A 61,300 square foot San Jose, Costa Rica facility is an assembly and test facility for the production of SAW filters on approximately 2 acres of land. The Costa Rican facility has over 19,000 square feet of clean room space. We use our Costa Rica facility to assemble, package, test and ship final product to customers. This facility is located in the Metro Free Trade Zone; however our current tax holiday of 75% expired at the end of 2007 and became a 50% holiday, set to expire in 2011.

 

   

A 5,478 square foot facility located in Boulder, Colorado. This facility was acquired as part of our purchase of Peak Devices, Inc. and is under an operating lease, expiring in October, 2010.

The fabrication of integrated circuits and filter products in these facilities is highly complex and sensitive to particles and other contaminants and requires production in a highly controlled, clean environment. Minute impurities, difficulties in the fabrication process or defects in the masks used to transfer circuits onto the wafers can cause a substantial percentage of the wafers to be rejected or numerous die on each wafer to be nonfunctional. The more brittle nature of GaAs wafers can also lead to higher processing losses than experienced with silicon wafers. To maximize wafer yield and quality, we test our products in various stages in the fabrication process, maintain continuous reliability monitoring and conduct numerous quality control inspections throughout the entire production flow.

We incur a high level of fixed costs to operate our own manufacturing facilities. These fixed costs consist primarily of facility occupancy costs, investment in manufacturing equipment, repair, maintenance and depreciation costs related to equipment and fixed labor costs related to manufacturing and process engineering. Our manufacturing yields vary significantly among our products, depending upon a given product’s complexity and our experience in manufacturing it.

For integrated circuit products made by our Oregon facility, we assemble our products using outside assembly contractors. Our Texas and Florida facilities manufacture and sell packaged products, which are also assembled by outside contractors and Costa Rica. Overall, our outside assembly services are contracted to approximately ten vendors, five of which are located in the U.S. These vendors perform both test and assembly services. We have moved a significant portion of our high volume product line test services offshore to vendors in China, Malaysia and the Philippines.

 

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Raw Materials and Sources of Supply

We generally maintain alternative sources for our principal raw materials to reduce the risk of supply interruptions or price increases. We purchase these materials on a discreet or blanket purchase order basis. The raw materials for our integrated circuit, module and component manufacturing operations are available from several suppliers. For our GaAs integrated circuit manufacturing operations, we currently have approximately eight fully qualified wafer vendors, at least five of which are located in the U.S., and two fully qualified mask set vendors, both of which are located in the U.S. We purchase high performance, multilayer ceramic packages from two suppliers. We currently purchase assembly and test services from approximately ten suppliers, five of which are located in the U.S. We also utilize nonqualified suppliers for use in non-production research and test activities.

For our acoustic filter manufacturing operations, we use several raw materials, including wafers made from quartz, LiNbO3 or LiTaO3 as well as ceramic or metal packages. Relatively few companies produce these piezoelectric wafers and metal and ceramic packages. Our most significant suppliers of ceramic surface mount packages are two companies based in Japan. For our SAW operations, we also utilize ten qualified wafer vendors, eight of which are located outside the U.S., and two qualified mask set vendors, both of which are domestic companies.

As is characteristic of the integrated circuit and acoustic filter component industries, the average selling prices of our products have decreased over the products’ life cycles and we expect this pattern to continue. To offset these decreasing selling prices, we rely primarily on obtaining yield improvements and corresponding cost reductions in the manufacture of existing products, introducing new products of similar functionality to existing products but with lower cost by design and on introducing new products which incorporate advanced features, or in smaller sizes, which can be sold at higher average selling prices. We also work closely with our suppliers to obtain continual improvement on pricing of key raw materials and components. As more of our product offerings migrate toward integrated assemblies requiring the acquisition of outside manufactured components, we will have to effectively work with our suppliers to reduce the total cost of the respective bill of material.

Marketing, Sales and Distribution

We sell our products through independent manufacturers’ representatives, independent distributors and our direct sales staff.

Backlog

As of December 31, 2007, we had unfulfilled orders, referred to as our backlog, of approximately $94.3 million compared to approximately $88.0 million as of December 31, 2006. We include in our backlog all purchase orders and contracts for products requested by the customer for delivery within approximately 12 months.

We do not have long-term agreements with any of our customers, except for certain military and development-related contracts, but may enter into long-term agreements in the future. Customers generally purchase our products pursuant to cancelable short-term purchase orders. Our customers have canceled these purchase orders or rescheduled delivery dates in the past, and we expect that these events may also occur in the future.

Frequently, we can ship our standard products from inventory shortly after receipt of an order, referred to as “turns business”, and these orders may not be reflected in backlog. Accordingly, backlog as of any particular date may not necessarily be representative of actual sales for any future period.

 

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Research and Development

Our research and development efforts are directed toward developing enabling technologies for integrated circuits, acoustic filters and modules. We are focused on improvements of our existing products’ performance, development of new processes, reductions of manufacturing process costs, yield improvements and improvements in device packaging. We are continually designing new and improved products to maintain our competitive position. While we have patented a number of aspects of our process technology, the market for our products is characterized by rapid changes in technologies. Because of continual improvements in these technologies, we believe that our future success will depend on our ability to continue to improve our products and processes and develop new technologies in order to remain competitive. Additionally, our future success will depend on our ability to develop and introduce new products for our target markets in a timely manner. The success of new product introductions is dependent upon several factors, including timely completion and introduction of new product designs, achievement of acceptable fabrication yields and market acceptance. The development of new products by us and the design into customers’ systems can take several years, depending upon the complexity of the device and the application. Accordingly, new product development requires a long-term forecast of market trends and customer needs. Furthermore, the successful introduction of our ongoing products may be adversely affected by competing products or technologies. In addition, new product introductions frequently depend on our development and implementation of new process technologies.

We have recently introduced many new key products, primarily focused on integrated system solutions that offer increased efficiency for extended talk-time and an ultra-compact size. New products such as these require investments. As of December 31, 2007, approximately 474 of our employees were engaged in activities related to process and product research and development; and our research, development and engineering expenses in 2007, 2006 and 2005 were approximately $65.4 million, $50.3 million and $46.7 million, respectively. We expect to continue to spend substantial funds on research and development.

Competition

The markets for our products are characterized by price competition, rapid technological change, short product life cycles, and competition across geographies. Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing and marketing resources. Due to the increasing requirements for high-speed, high-frequency components, we expect intensified competition from existing integrated circuit and acoustic device suppliers, as well as from the entry of new competitors to our target markets and from the internal operations of some companies producing products similar to ours for their own internal requirements. The competition for similar products also affects the pricing of our products and there is no guarantee that pricing will remain at a level where we can sell our products on a profitable basis.

For our integrated circuit devices, we compete primarily with manufacturers of GaAs integrated circuits. Our GaAs-based competitors include companies such as Anadigics Inc., Avago, Inc., Eudyna, Inc., Raytheon Co., RF Micro Devices, Inc., Skyworks Solutions, Inc., and others. For our SAW devices our competitors include companies such as ICS Technologies, Inc., Phonon Corp., RF Monolithics, Inc., Vectron International, EPCOS AG, Temex SAS, TAI-SAW Technology Co., Fujitsu Microelectronics, Inc., Murata Manufacturing Co., Panasonic Corp. and others. Competition could also come from companies ahead of us in developing alternative technologies such as BAW, indium phosphide (“InP”) integrated circuits and digital filtering and direct conversion devices.

Our prospective customers are typically systems designers and manufacturers that are considering the use of GaAs integrated circuits or SAW and BAW filters, as the case may be, for their high performance systems. Competition is primarily based on performance elements such as speed, complexity and power dissipation, as well as price, product quality and ability to deliver products in a timely fashion. We believe that we currently compete favorably with respect to these factors. Due to the proprietary nature of our

 

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products, competition occurs almost exclusively at the system design stage. As a result, a design win by our competitors or by us often limits further competition with respect to manufacturing a given design.

Intellectual Property Matters

We rely on a combination of patents, trademarks, trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to protect our intellectual property rights. We currently have patents granted and pending in the U.S. and elsewhere and intend to continue to apply for patents on our technology. We have approximately 175 patents that expire from 2008 to 2025, with most expiring between 2015 and 2023. We currently do not have any significant revenues related to a patent that will soon expire. In addition to having our own patents and patent applications, we have acquired a substantial portfolio of U.S. and foreign patent applications in the optoelectronics area of technology. Many of these patent applications have issued as patents and will have lives that will extend 20 years from their respective filing dates, while others are still pending or have been abandoned.

Notwithstanding our active pursuit of patent protection, we believe that our future success will depend primarily upon the technical expertise, creative skills and management abilities of our officers and key employees rather than on patent ownership. We also rely substantially on trade secrets and proprietary technology to protect our technology and manufacturing know-how, and actively work to foster continuing technological innovation to maintain and protect our competitive position.

From time to time, we may have to defend ourselves against allegations that our products infringe the proprietary rights of others. While our GaAs integrated circuit products have inherent speed advantages over silicon or other related devices, the speed of products based upon silicon and other related processes is continually improving and may displace some of our GaAs products in the future. Our products are often sole sourced to our customers and our operating results could be adversely affected if our customers were to develop other sources for our products.

Environmental Matters

Federal, state and local regulations impose various environmental controls on the storage, handling, discharge and disposal of chemicals and gases used in our manufacturing processes. We provide our own manufacturing waste water treatment and disposal for most of our manufacturing facilities and have contracted for the disposal of hazardous waste. State agencies require us to report usage of environmentally hazardous materials and we have retained the appropriate personnel to help ensure compliance with all applicable environmental regulations. We believe that our activities conform to present environmental regulations; however, increasing public attention has been focused on the environmental impact of semiconductor operations and these regulations may require us to fund remedial action regardless of fault.

In addition, the use and disposal of electronics is under increasing scrutiny and various countries have begun to adopt regulations such as the European Union’s Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (“WEEE”) and the Reduction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (“RoHS”) directives, which could require us to both redesign our products to comply with the standards and develop compliance administration systems. We expect additional countries and locations to adopt similar regulations in the future which may be more stringent than the current regulations. Currently however, we believe the majority of our commercial products are compliant with these emerging regulations.

Employees

As of December 31, 2007, we employed approximately 1,883 persons, including approximately 1,077 in manufacturing and support related positions, 36 in quality and reliability, 474 in process, product and development engineering, 135 in marketing and sales and 161 in general and administration functions. As of December 31, 2007, none of our domestic employees were represented by a collective bargaining

 

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agreement; however at our German operation, approximately 41 of our employees are represented by a collective bargaining agreement. We consider our relations with employees to be good and we have not experienced a work stoppage due to labor issues.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Risk Factors

Our operating results may fluctuate substantially, which may cause our stock price to fall.

Our quarterly and annual results of operations have varied in the past and may vary significantly in the future due to a number of factors including, but not limited to, the following:

 

   

cancellation or delay of customer orders or shipments;

 

   

market acceptance of our products and those of our customers;

 

   

market acceptance of new/developing technologies that perform in a manner comparable to our products;

 

   

variability of the life cycles of our customers’ products;

 

   

variations in manufacturing yields;

 

   

timing of announcements and introduction of new products by us, our customers and our competitors;

 

   

changes in the mix of products we sell;

 

   

declining average sales prices for our products;

 

   

changes in manufacturing capacity and variations in the utilization of that capacity;

 

   

variations in operating expenses;

 

   

variations in the costs of assembly and test services;

 

   

variations in product warranty claims;

 

   

willingness of customers to accept manufacturing process changes that reduce our costs to levels that result in reasonable gross margins;

 

   

impairments of our assets;

 

   

the long sales cycles associated with our products;

 

   

the timing and level of product and process development costs;

 

   

availability of materials used in the assembly of our products;

 

   

variations in raw material availability, quality and costs;

 

   

delays in new process qualification or delays in transferring processes;

 

   

additional costs or delays in increasing manufacturing capacity needed to support increasing customer demand;

 

   

the timing and level of nonrecurring engineering revenues and expenses relating to customer-specific products;

 

   

significant changes in our own inventory levels as well as our customers’; and

 

   

delivery terms requiring that we cover shipment and insurance costs as well as import/export duty costs.

 

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We expect that our operating results will continue to fluctuate in the future as a result of these and other factors. Any unfavorable changes in these or other factors could cause our results of operations to suffer as they have in the past. Due to potential fluctuations, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as indicators of our future performance.

Additionally, if our operating results are not within the market’s expectations, then our stock price may fall. The public stock markets have experienced extreme price and trading volume volatility, particularly in high technology sectors of the market. This volatility has significantly affected the market prices of securities of many technology companies for reasons frequently unrelated to or disproportionately impacted by the operating performance of these companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

New competitive products and technologies brought into the market could reduce demand for our current product offerings. Our business may be adversely impacted if we fail to successfully introduce new products or to gain our customers’ acceptance of those new products.

The markets for electronic communications applications in which we participate are subject to intense competition, rapid technological change, and short product life cycles. It is critical for companies such as ours to continually and quickly develop new products to meet the changing needs of these markets. If we fail to develop new products to meet our customers’ needs on a timely basis, we will not be able to effectively compete in these markets. Further, new products could be introduced by competitors that have competitive and technological advantages over our current product line-up. As an example, other vendors introduced new products that used a direct conversion architecture in wireless phones. Direct conversion architecture has been available since the mid-1990’s for GSM/GPRS phones and wireless phone manufacturers are increasingly using this technology in their new handsets. This technology reduces the number of components needed in the receiver portion of wireless phones, including our SAW IF filter products. As a result of the adoption of direct conversion technology, the sale of our IF filters declined approximately 79% in 2005 as compared to 2004, and during 2007 and 2006, our handset revenue from IF filters diminished to a negligible amount. Other competitive filtering technologies, including BAW and film bulk acoustic resonator (“FBAR”), a form of BAW, have been introduced and have gained market acceptance in certain applications. Further, continual improvements in semiconductor technology, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (“CMOS”), and development of these products could also take market share from our products.

We are actively pursuing new products such as RF filters, duplexers, PAs, RF modules and SAW/BAW filtering to address the potential of lost of revenues from new or developing technologies. If we fail to design and produce these products in a manner acceptable to our customers, or have incorrectly anticipated our customers’ demand for these types of products, our business, financial condition and results of operation will suffer.

Our operating results may suffer due to fluctuations in demand for semiconductors and electronic communications components.

From time to time, our markets have experienced significant downturns and wide fluctuations in product supply and demand, often in connection with, or in anticipation of, maturing product cycles, capital spending cycles and declines in general economic conditions. The cyclical nature of these markets has led to significant imbalances in demand, inventory levels and production capacity. It has also accelerated the decrease of average selling prices per unit. We have experienced, and may experience again, periodic fluctuations in our financial results because of these or other industry-wide conditions. For example, if demand for communications applications were to decrease substantially, demand for the integrated circuits and modules, components and other products in these applications would also decline, which would negatively affect our operating results.

 

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We depend on the continued growth of communications markets and cost-effective manufacturing.

We derive our product revenues from sales of products and services for electronic communication applications. These markets are characterized by the following:

 

   

cyclical demand;

 

   

intense competition;

 

   

rapid technological changes; and

 

   

short product life cycles, especially in the wireless phone market.

The electronic communications markets are currently above their cyclical lows of the recent past; however, these markets may not continue to grow or reach historical growth rates. Further, as is characteristic of the semiconductor and acoustic filter component industries, the average selling prices of our products have historically decreased over the products’ life cycles and we expect this pattern to continue. To offset these decreasing selling prices, we rely primarily on obtaining yield improvements and corresponding cost reductions in the manufacturing of existing products. We try to introduce new products with similar functionality of existing products but with lower costs by design, or new products which incorporate advanced features and can be sold at higher average selling prices. We work closely with our suppliers to obtain improvements on pricing of key raw materials and components. As more of our product offerings migrate toward integrated assemblies requiring the acquisition of outside manufactured components, we will have to work effectively with our suppliers to reduce the total cost of the respective bills of material.

If the current market demand does not continue to improve, and/or if there is continued pressure on average selling prices and our cost reduction efforts are not effective, our operating results could suffer. Additionally, our future success will depend, in part, upon our ability to successfully develop and introduce new products based on emerging industry standards. If we are unable to successfully design and manufacture new products that address the needs of our customers in a timely manner, or if our customers’ products do not achieve market acceptance, our operating results could be adversely affected. Further, if we are unable to improve existing yields in a timely manner, or prevent yield issues on future new product introductions, we may not be able to achieve gross profit targets that meet market expectations which could negatively affect our stock price.

Our operating results could be harmed if we fail to effectively manage our growth.

Our business and operations have grown substantially over the past year and we hope to continue this trend in the future. Maintaining profitability during a period of expansion will depend, among other things, on our ability to manage effectively our operations, particularly our manufacturing yields. If we are unable to manage our growth effectively, it may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

In the event we are not able to satisfy a significant increase in demand from any one or more of our customers, we may not be viewed as a dependable high volume supplier and our customers will source their demand elsewhere.

In some areas of our business, particularly in handsets, we have customers who ship their completed products in very large unit volumes. These customers may require large inventories of our products on short notice. If we are unable to support our customers when their production volume increases, we may be considered an undependable supplier and our customers may seek alternate suppliers for products that we may have anticipated producing over an extended period of time and in large quantities. If our customers consider us to be an undependable supplier, our operating results could be adversely affected as we may not be able to find alternative sources of revenues.

 

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A limited number of customers represent a significant portion of our revenues. If we were to lose any of these customers, our revenues could decrease significantly.

We typically have customers who generate more than 10% of our revenues for a given period. For example, in 2007, Motorola and Samsung each represented more than 10% of our revenues and together, accounted for approximately 26% of our revenue. There can be no assurance that we will be able to retain these customers in the future and any significant loss of, or a significant reduction in purchases by, one or more of these customers could have an adverse affect on our financial condition and results of operations. Further, the consolidation of our customers may result in increased customer concentration and/or the potential loss of customers, which could also negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations.

If we build products to support high volume forecasts that never materialize into orders, we may have to write-off excess and obsolete inventory or reduce our prices.

During 2006 and the first quarter of 2007, we increased our inventory levels to meet forecasted future demand. If the forecasted demand does not materialize into purchase orders for these products, we may be required to write-off our inventory balances or reduce the value of our inventory to fair value, based on a reduced sales prices. A write-off of the inventory, or a reduction in the inventory value due to a sales price reduction, could have a material impact on our operating results. In the second quarter of 2007, we incurred $4.1 million in excess inventory charges primarily due to reduced demand for a single device from a specific customer. Further, if we are unable to generate targeted operating cash flow projections, we may not satisfy market expectations which could negatively affect our stock price.

Our financial statements include material expenses related to the adoption of SFAS 123(R). These expenses may fluctuate greatly in the future due to a number of estimates and assumptions used in the pricing model.

On January 1, 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123(R), which requires us to recognize share-based compensation expense in our financial statements based on the fair value determined for our stock option grants and employee stock purchase plan. Previously we applied SFAS No. 123, which allowed us to apply the provisions of APB No. 25 and provide pro forma net income (loss) and pro forma net income (loss) per share disclosures for stock-based payments as if the expense had been recognized. We have elected to apply the modified prospective approach in our adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) and thus have not restated our prior results to include stock-based payment expense. We use the Black-Scholes model for the stock-based payment expense calculation to determine their fair value, which includes a number of estimates including the expected lives of the options, the volatility of the prices of our common stock on the NASDAQ Stock Market and interest rates. A significant change in any of these estimates, or in our option pricing model, could have a material impact on our financial statements.

In the event we are unable to satisfy regulatory requirements relating to internal controls, or if these internal controls over financial reporting are not effective, our business and our stock price could suffer.

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires companies to do a comprehensive and costly evaluation of their internal controls. As a result, as of December 31, 2007, we were required to perform an evaluation of our internal controls over financial reporting. At December 31, 2007, management and our auditors did not identify any material weaknesses over internal controls over financial reporting. Our efforts to comply with Section 404 and related regulations regarding our management’s required assessment of internal control over financial reporting has required, and continues to require, the commitment of significant financial and managerial resources. While we anticipate maintaining the integrity of our internal controls over financial reporting and all other aspects of Section 404, we cannot be certain that a material weakness will not be identified when we test the effectiveness of our control systems in the future. If a material weakness is identified, we could be subject to regulatory investigations or sanctions, costly litigation or a loss of public confidence in our internal controls, which could have an adverse effect on our business and our stock price.

 

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Our revenues are at risk if we do not introduce new products and/or decrease costs.

The production of GaAs integrated circuits has been and continues to be more costly than the production of silicon devices. Although we have reduced production costs through decreasing raw wafer costs, increasing wafer size and fabrication yields, decreasing die size and achieving higher volumes, there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to decrease production costs. Further, the average selling prices of our products have historically decreased over the products’ lives and we expect them to continue to do so.

To offset these decreases, we rely primarily on achieving yield improvements and other cost reductions for existing products and on introducing new products that can be manufactured at lower costs. However, we believe our costs of producing GaAs integrated circuits will continue to exceed the costs associated with the production of silicon devices. As a result, we must offer devices which provide superior performance to that of silicon such that the perceived price/performance of our products is competitive with silicon devices and there can be no assurance that we can continue to identify markets which require performance superior to that offered by silicon solutions or that we will continue to offer products which provide sufficiently superior performance to offset the cost differentials. We believe our future success depends, in part, on our timely development and introduction of new products that compete effectively on the basis of price and performance and adequately address customer requirements. The success of new product and process introductions depends on several factors, including:

 

   

proper selection of products and processes;

 

   

successful and timely completion of product and process development and commercialization;

 

   

market acceptance of our own new products, or of our customers’ new products;

 

   

achievement of acceptable manufacturing yields;

 

   

our ability to offer new products at competitive prices; and

 

   

managing the cost of raw materials and manufacturing services.

We may be unable to achieve expected yields on new products prior to experiencing average selling price pressure on them. For example, our product and process development efforts may not be successful and our new products or processes may not achieve market acceptance. To the extent that our cost reductions and new product introductions do not occur in a timely manner, our results of operations could suffer.

Our business could be harmed if systems manufacturers do not use components made of GaAs or the other alternative materials we utilize.

Silicon semiconductor technologies are the dominant process technologies for integrated circuits and the performance of silicon integrated circuits continues to improve. System designers may be reluctant to adopt our products because of:

 

   

their unfamiliarity with designing systems with our products;

 

   

their concerns related to manufacturing costs and yields;

 

   

their unfamiliarity with our design and manufacturing processes; and

 

   

uncertainties about the relative cost effectiveness of our products compared to high performance silicon components.

 

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Systems manufacturers may not use GaAs components because the production of GaAs integrated circuits has been, and continues to be, more costly than the production of silicon devices. Systems manufacturers may also be reluctant to rely on a jointly produced product because future supplies may depend on our continued good relationships with those vendors. As a result, we must offer devices that provide superior performance to that of traditional silicon based devices.

In addition, customers may be reluctant to rely on a smaller company like ours for critical components. We cannot be certain that additional systems manufacturers will design our products into their systems or that the companies that have utilized our products will continue to do so in the future. If our products fail to achieve market acceptance, our results of operations would suffer.

If we fail to sell a high volume of products, our operating results will be harmed.

Because large portions of our manufacturing costs are relatively fixed, high manufacturing volumes are critical to our operating results. If we fail to achieve acceptable manufacturing volumes or experience product shipment delays, our results of operations could be harmed. During periods of decreased demand, our high fixed manufacturing costs negatively affect our results of operations. We base our expense levels in part on our expectations of future orders and these expense levels are predominantly fixed in the short-term. If we receive fewer customer orders than expected or if our customers delay or cancel orders, we may not be able to reduce our manufacturing costs in the short-term and our operating results would be harmed. In addition, we are selling products to an increasing number of our customers on a consignment basis, which can limit our ability to forecast revenues and adjust our costs in the short-term, if appropriate.

Underutilization of our manufacturing facilities and additional capital expenditures may adversely affect our operating results.

From time to time, we have underutilized our manufacturing lines. This excess capacity means we incur increased fixed costs in our products relative to the revenues we generate, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, particularly during economic downturns. If we are unable to improve utilization levels at these facilities and correctly manage capacity, the increased expense levels will have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Alternatively, we have increased our capacity in certain facilities to meet current customer demands. These facilities currently have limitations in certain areas of manufacturing and we may need to invest in more capital equipment and facilities to relieve these manufacturing limitations and allow for greater capacity. If we acquire more equipment, our fixed costs will increase. Further, if customer demand later falls, the increased expense levels will have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we do not sell our customer-specific products in large volumes, our operating results may be harmed.

We manufacture a substantial portion of our products to address the needs of individual customers. Frequent product introductions by systems manufacturers make our future success dependent on our ability to select development projects which will result in sufficient volumes to enable us to achieve manufacturing efficiencies. Because customer-specific products are developed for unique applications, we expect that some of our current and future customer-specific products may never be produced in sufficient volume and may impair our ability to cover our fixed manufacturing costs. Furthermore, if customers cancel or delay orders for these customer-specific products, our inventory of these products may become unmarketable or obsolete, which would negatively affect our operating results.

In addition, if we experience delays in completing designs, fail to obtain development contracts from customers whose products are successful, or fail to have our product designed into the next generation product of existing volume production customers, our revenues could be harmed.

 

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We face risks of a loss of revenues if contracts with the U.S. government or military contractors are canceled or delayed.

In 2007 and 2006, we received a portion of our revenues from the U.S. government or from prime contractors on U.S. government sponsored programs principally for military applications. These military programs with the U.S. government generally have long lead times, such as the DARPA contract and F-22 Raptor and Joint Strike Fighter aircraft programs. These military programs are also subject to delays or cancellation. Changes in military funding or the loss of a significant military program or contract would have a material adverse impact on our operating results. Further, spending on military contracts can vary significantly depending on funding from the U.S. government. We believe our government and military contracts in the recent past have been negatively impacted by the war in Iraq as the government has allocated more funding to the war and less on new development and long-term programs, such as the ones in which we participate.

We face risks from failures in our manufacturing processes, the maintenance of our fabrication facilities and the processes of our vendors.

The fabrication of integrated circuits, particularly those made of GaAs, is a highly complex and precise process. Our integrated circuits are primarily manufactured on wafers made of GaAs while our SAW filters are currently manufactured primarily on LiNbO3, LiTaO3 and quartz wafers and our BAW wafers are currently manufactured on sapphire or silicon wafers. We refer to the proportion of final components that have been processed, assembled and tested relative to the gross number of components that could be constructed from the raw materials as our manufacturing yield. Compared to the manufacturing of silicon integrated circuits, GaAs technology is less mature and more difficult to design and manufacture within specifications in large volume. In addition, the more brittle nature of GaAs wafers can result in lower manufacturing yields than with silicon wafers. Further, during manufacturing, each wafer is processed to contain numerous integrated circuits or SAW/BAW filters which may also result in lower manufacturing yields. As a result, we may reject or be unable to sell a substantial percentage of wafers or the components on a given wafer because of:

 

   

minute impurities;

 

   

difficulties in the fabrication process, such as failure of special equipment, operator error or power outages;

 

   

defects in the masks used to print circuits on a wafer;

 

   

electrical and/or optical performance;

 

   

wafer breakage; or

 

   

other factors.

In the past we have experienced lower than expected manufacturing yields, which have delayed product shipments and negatively impacted our results of operations. We may experience similar difficulty in maintaining acceptable manufacturing yields in the future. Further, the transfer of production of a product to a different facility often requires the qualification of the facility by certain customers. There can be no certainty that such changes and transfers will be implemented on a cost-effective basis without delays or disruption in our production and without adversely affecting our results of operations. Further, offshore operations are subject to certain inherent risks, including delays in transportation, changes in governmental policies, tariffs, import/export regulations and fluctuations in currency exchange rates in addition to geographic limitations on management controls and reporting and there can be no assurance that the inherent risks of offshore operations will not adversely affect our future operating results. We also depend on certain vendors for components, equipment and services. We maintain stringent policies regarding

 

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qualification of these vendors. However, if these vendors’ processes vary in reliability or quality, they could negatively affect our products, and thereby, our results of operations.

In addition, the maintenance of our fabrication facilities and our assembly facilities is subject to risks, including:

 

   

the demands of managing and coordinating workflow between geographically separate production facilities;

 

   

disruption of production in one of our facilities as a result of a slowdown or shutdown in our other facility; and

 

   

higher operating costs from managing geographically separate manufacturing facilities.

We face risks from our operations and employees located outside of the U.S.

A number of our employees and operations are located in countries other than the U.S. We also employ contractors in other countries to perform certain packaging and test operations for us. The laws and operating conditions of these countries may differ substantially from that of the U.S. and may expose us to increased risks of adverse impacts on our operations and results of operations. These risks could include: loss of protection of proprietary technology, disruption of production processes, interruption of freight channels and delivery schedules, currency exposure, financial institution failure, government expropriation, labor shortages, political unrest, local tax laws and fraud. For example, our operating facility in Costa Rica presents risks of disruption such as government intervention, currency fluctuations, labor disputes, limited supplies of labor, power interruption, civil unrest, or war. Any such disruptions could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Some of our manufacturing facilities are located in areas prone to natural disasters.

We have a SAW manufacturing and assembly facility located in Apopka, Florida and an assembly facility for SAW products in San Jose, Costa Rica. Hurricanes, tropical storms, flooding, tornadoes, and other natural disasters are common events for Florida and Central America that could affect our operations in these areas. Other natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tornadoes and flooding could also affect our facilities in Colorado, Oregon and Texas. Any disruptions from these or other natural disasters would have a material adverse impact on our operations and financial results. The following table indicates the approximate exposure we believe we have with respect to natural disasters:

 

Location

   Type of
Disaster
   Approximate Percent
of Total*
 
      Fixed Assets     Revenues  

Apopka, Florida

   H    13 %   20 %

Bend, Oregon

   E, V    0 %   0 %

Boulder, Colorado

   E, H    0 %   0 %

Dallas, Texas

   H    46 %   20 %

Hillsboro, Oregon

   E, V    33 %   60 %

San Jose, Costa Rica

   E, V, H    8 %   20 %

 

E— Earthquake/mudslide
V— Volcanic eruption
H— Hurricane and/or tornado and flooding
* Figures are based on revenues for the year ended December 31, 2007 or net fixed assets as of December 31, 2007. Additionally, the sum may be greater than 100% due to shared risks between locations.

 

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We may have exposure to income tax rate fluctuations as well as to additional tax liabilities, which would affect our financial position.

As a corporation with operations both in the United States and abroad, we are subject to income taxes in both the United States and various foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide income tax provision. Our effective tax rate is subject to fluctuations as the income tax rates for each year are a function of the following factors, among others:

 

   

the effects of a mix of profits or losses earned by us and our subsidiaries in numerous foreign tax jurisdictions with a broad range of income tax rates;

 

   

our ability to utilize recorded deferred tax assets;

 

   

changes in contingencies related to taxes, interest or penalties resulting from internal, accounting firm and governmental tax reviews and audits;

 

   

tax holidays; and

 

   

changes in tax laws or the interpretation of such laws, specifically transfer pricing, permanent establishment and other intercompany transactions.

Changes in the mix of these items and other items may cause our effective tax rate to fluctuate between periods, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position.

We record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets may not be realized. We consider future taxable income and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in determining the need for a valuation allowance. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which the associated temporary differences become deductible. Although we anticipate future sustained profitability, SFAS No. 109 requires that recent historical operating performance, income projections and taxable income be considered in assessing the realizability of the deferred tax assets. TriQuint’s revenue, earnings and other operating results have fluctuated significantly in the past and may fluctuate significantly in the future.

Our operating results could be harmed if we lose access to sole or limited sources of materials, equipment or services.

We currently obtain a portion of the components, equipment and services for our products from limited or single sources, such as certain ceramic packages and chemicals. We purchase these components, equipment, supplies and services on a purchase order basis, do not carry significant inventories and generally do not have long-term supply contracts with these vendors. Our requirements are relatively small compared to silicon semiconductor manufacturers. Because we often do not account for a significant part of our vendors’ business, we may not have access to sufficient capacity from these vendors in periods of high demand. If we were to change any of our sole or limited source vendors, we would be required to requalify each new vendor. Requalification could prevent or delay product shipments, which could negatively affect our results of operations. In some cases, it would be difficult to replace these suppliers and requalification could take up to 12 months.

Our reliance on a limited number of suppliers for certain raw materials and parts may impair our ability to produce our products on time and with acceptable yields. For example, at times in the past, we have experienced difficulties in obtaining ceramic packages and lids used in the production of bandpass filters. At other times, the acquisition of relatively simple devices, such as capacitors, has been problematic because of the large demand swings that can occur in the handset market for such components. The success of these products is critical to the overall success of our business. The primary risk surrounding our source of supply to manufacture these products is the possible bankruptcy of our suppliers or their inability to meet our delivery schedules. In addition, our reliance on these vendors may negatively affect our production if the

 

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components, equipment or services vary in reliability or quality. If we are unable to obtain timely deliveries of sufficient quantities of acceptable quality or if the prices increase, our results of operations could be harmed.

Our operating results could be harmed if our subcontractors and partners are unable to fulfill our requirements.

We currently use subcontractors for the majority of our integrated circuit and module assemblies, as well as final product testing. Further, we expect our utilization of subcontractors to grow as module products become a larger portion of our product revenues. There are certain risks associated with dependence on third party providers, such as minimal control over delivery scheduling, adequate capacity during demand peaks, warranty issues and protection of intellectual property. Additionally, if these subcontractors are unable to meet our needs, it could prevent or delay production shipments that could negatively affect our results of operations and our customer relationships. If we were to change any of our subcontractors, we would be required to re-qualify each new subcontractor, which could also prevent or delay product shipments that could negatively affect our results of operations. In addition, our reliance on these subcontractors may negatively affect our production if the services vary in reliability or quality. If we are unable to obtain timely service of acceptable quality or if the prices increase, our results of operations could be harmed.

If our products fail to perform or meet customer requirements, we could incur significant additional costs.

The fabrication of integrated circuits and SAW/BAW filters from substrate materials and the modules containing these components is a highly complex and precise process. Our customers specify quality, performance and reliability standards that we must meet. If our products do not meet these standards, we may be required to rework or replace the products. Our products may contain undetected defects or failures that only become evident after we commence volume shipments, which we may experience from time to time. Other defects or failures may also occur in the future. If such failures or defects occur, we could:

 

   

lose revenues;

 

   

incur increased costs such as warranty expense and costs associated with customer support;

 

   

experience delays, cancellations or rescheduling of orders for our products; or

 

   

experience increased product returns or discounts.

We may face fines or our facilities could be closed if we fail to comply with environmental regulations.

Federal, state and local regulations impose various environmental controls on the storage, handling, discharge and disposal of chemicals and gases used in our manufacturing process. For our manufacturing facilities, we generally provide our own manufacturing waste treatment and contract for disposal of some materials. We are required to report usage of environmentally hazardous materials and the failure to comply with present or future regulations could result in fines being imposed on us and we could be required to suspend production or cease our operations. These regulations could require us to acquire significant equipment or to incur other substantial expenses to comply with environmental regulations. Any failure by us to control the use of, or to adequately restrict the discharge of, hazardous substances could subject us to future liabilities and harm our results of operations. Further, new environmental initiatives could affect the materials we currently use in production.

Environmental regulations such as the WEEE and RoHS directives may require us to redesign our products and to develop compliance administration systems.

Various countries have begun to require companies selling a broad range of electrical equipment to conform to regulations such as the WEEE and RoHS directives and we expect additional countries and

 

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locations to adopt similar regulations in the future. New environmental standards such as these could require us to redesign our products in order to comply with the standards, and require the development of compliance administration systems. We have already invested significant resources into developing compliance tracking systems, and further investments may be required. Additionally, we may incur significant costs to redesign our products and to develop compliance administration systems; however alternative designs may have an adverse effect on our gross profit margin. If we cannot develop compliant products timely or properly administer our compliance programs, our revenues may also decline due to lower sales, which would adversely affect our operating results.

Customers may delay or cancel orders due to regulatory delays.

The increasing significance of electronic communications products has increased pressure on regulatory bodies worldwide to adopt new standards for electronic communications, generally following extensive investigation of and deliberation over competing technologies. The delays inherent in the regulatory approval process may in the future cause the cancellation, postponement or rescheduling of the installation of communications systems by our customers. These delays have in the past had, and may in the future have, a negative effect on our sales and our results of operations.

We must improve our products and processes to remain competitive.

If technologies or standards that are supported by either our products or by our customers’ products become obsolete or fail to gain widespread commercial acceptance, our results of operations may be materially impacted. Because of continual improvements in semiconductor technology, including those in high performance silicon technologies such as CMOS where substantially more resources are invested than in other technologies such as GaAs and SAW products, we believe that our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to continue to improve our product and process technologies. We must also develop new technologies in a timely manner and be able to adapt our products and processes to technological changes to support emerging and established industry standards. We have and must continue to perform significant research and development into advanced material development such as GaN, and silicon carbide (“SiC”) to compete with future technologies of our competitors. These research and development efforts may not be accepted by our customers, and therefore may not achieve sustained production in the future. Further, we may not be able to improve our existing products and process technologies, or be able to develop new technologies in a timely manner or effectively support industry standards. If we fail to do so, our customers may select another GaAs, SAW or BAW product, or even move to an alternative technology.

Our results of operations may suffer if we do not compete successfully.

The markets for our products are characterized by price competition, rapid technological change, short product life cycles, and heightened global competition. Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing and marketing resources. We expect intensified competition from existing integrated circuit, SAW and BAW device suppliers, as well as from the entry of new competitors to our target markets and from the internal operations of some companies producing products similar to ours for their internal requirements.

Competition from existing or potential competitors may increase due to a number of factors including, but not limited to, the following:

 

   

offering of new or emerging technologies in integrated circuit design using alternative materials;

 

   

offering of new or emerging technologies such as digital filtering direct conversion as alternatives to SAW filters;

 

   

mergers and acquisitions of our customers with our competitors or other entities;

 

   

longer operating histories and presence in key markets;

 

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development of strategic relationships between, or mergers of, our competitors;

 

   

ability to obtain raw materials at lower costs due to larger purchasing volumes or other advantageous supply relationships;

 

   

access to a wider customer base; and

 

   

access to greater financial, technical, manufacturing and marketing resources.

Competition is primarily based on performance elements such as speed, complexity and power dissipation, as well as price, product quality and ability to deliver products in a timely fashion. Due to the proprietary nature of our products, competition occurs almost exclusively at the system design stage. As a result, a design win by our competitors or by us typically limits further competition with respect to manufacturing a given design. Additionally, manufacturers of high performance silicon integrated circuits have achieved greater market acceptance of their existing products and technologies in some applications, as compared to GaAs. Further, we compete with both GaAs and silicon suppliers in all of our target markets.

If we fail to integrate any future acquisitions or if we unsuccessfully invest in privately held companies, our business will be harmed.

We face risks from any future acquisitions or investments, including the following:

 

   

we may fail to merge and coordinate the operations and personnel of newly acquired companies with our existing business;

 

   

we may fail to retain the key employees required to make the operation successful;

 

   

additional complexity may affect our flexibility and ability to respond quickly to market and management issues;

 

   

we may experience difficulties integrating our financial and operating systems and maintaining effective internal controls over financial reporting;

 

   

we may experience additional financial and accounting challenges and complexities in areas such as tax planning, treasury management, financial reporting and risk management;

 

   

our ongoing business may be disrupted or receive insufficient management attention;

 

   

we may not cost-effectively and rapidly incorporate the technologies we acquire;

 

   

we may not be able to cost-effectively develop commercial products using the newly acquired technology;

 

   

we may not be able to recognize the cost savings or other financial benefits we anticipated;

 

   

we may not be able to retain the existing customers of newly acquired operations;

 

   

existing customers of the acquired operations may demand significant price reductions or other detrimental term changes as a result of the change in ownership;

 

   

our corporate culture may clash with that of the acquired businesses; and

 

   

we may incur unknown liabilities associated with acquired businesses.

We face risks from equity investments in privately held companies, such as:

 

   

we may not realize the expected benefits associated with the investment resulting in a partial or total write-off of this investment;

 

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additional rounds of funding may substantially dilute our position if we do not participate in the subsequent funding;

 

   

we may need to provide additional funding to support the privately held company; or

 

   

if the value of the equity investment decreases, we may realize losses on our holdings.

We will continue to evaluate strategic opportunities available to us and we may pursue product, technology or business acquisitions or investments in strategic partners. However, we may not successfully address these risks or any other problems that arise in connection with future acquisitions or equity investments in privately held companies.

In addition to the risks above in connection with any future acquisitions, we may issue equity securities that could dilute the percentage ownership of our existing stockholders, we may incur additional debt and we may be required to amortize expenses related to other intangible assets or record impairment of goodwill, all of which may negatively affect our results of operations.

If we do not hire and retain key employees, our business will suffer.

Our future success depends in large part on the continued service of our key technical, marketing and management personnel. We also depend on our ability to continue to identify, attract and retain qualified technical employees, particularly highly skilled design, process and test engineers involved in the manufacture and development of our products and processes. We must also recruit and train employees to manufacture our products without a substantial reduction in manufacturing yields. There are many other semiconductor companies located in the communities near our facilities and it may become increasingly difficult for us to attract and retain employees. The competition for key employees is intense, and the loss of key employees could negatively affect us.

Our business may be harmed if we fail to protect our proprietary technology.

We rely on a combination of patents, trademarks, trade secret laws, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to protect our intellectual property rights. We cannot be certain that patents will be issued from any of our pending applications or that patents will be issued in all countries where our products can be sold. Further, we cannot be certain that any claims allowed from pending applications will be of sufficient scope or strength to provide meaningful protection or any commercial advantage. Our competitors may also be able to design around our patents. The laws of some countries in which our products are or may be developed, manufactured or sold, may not protect our products or intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the U.S., increasing the possibility of piracy of our technology and products. Although we intend to vigorously defend our intellectual property rights, we may not be able to prevent misappropriation of our technology. Our competitors may also independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to our technology.

Our involvement in any patent dispute or other intellectual property dispute or action to protect trade secrets and know-how could have a material adverse effect on our business. Adverse determinations in any litigation could subject us to significant liabilities to third parties, require us to seek licenses from third parties and prevent us from manufacturing and selling our products. Any of these situations could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our ability to produce our products may suffer if someone claims we infringe on their intellectual property.

The integrated circuit, SAW and BAW device industries are characterized by vigorous protection and pursuit of intellectual property rights or positions, which have resulted in significant and often protracted and expensive litigation. If it is necessary or desirable, we may seek licenses under such patents or other intellectual property rights. However, we cannot be certain that licenses will be offered or that we would find the terms of licenses that are offered acceptable or commercially reasonable. Our failure to obtain a

 

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license from a third party for technology used by us could cause us to incur substantial liabilities and to suspend the manufacture of products. For example, in 2006, we received notice that StratEdge sued us for patent infringement. Although we denied any wrongdoing, we paid substantial legal fees in defending ourselves and settling the claim. Furthermore, we may initiate claims or litigation against third parties for infringement of our proprietary rights or to establish the validity of our proprietary rights. Litigation by or against us could result in significant expense and divert the efforts of our technical personnel and management, whether or not the litigation results in a favorable determination. In the event of an adverse result in any litigation, we could be required to:

 

   

pay substantial damages;

 

   

indemnify our customers;

 

   

stop the manufacture, use and sale of the infringing products;

 

   

expend significant resources to develop non-infringing technology;

 

   

discontinue the use of certain processes; or

 

   

purchase licenses to the technology and/or pay royalties.

We may be unsuccessful in developing non-infringing products or negotiating licenses upon reasonable terms, as the case may be. These problems might not be resolved in time to avoid harming our results of operations. Further, if any third party makes a successful claim against our customers or us and a license is not made available to us on commercially reasonable terms, our business could be harmed.

Our ability to accurately predict revenues and inventory needs could deteriorate if we generate additional sales through inventory hubbing distribution facilities.

Several of our larger customers have requested that we send our products to independent warehouses known as inventory hubbing distribution facilities to assist them with their inventory control. We do not recognize revenues from these hubbing arrangements until the customer takes delivery of the inventory and title of the goods passes to the customer. As a result, increased shipments to these facilities make it more difficult for us to predict short-term revenues and inventory consumption as customers can take delivery of the products with little or no lead-time. In addition, stocking requirements at hubbing facilities tends to reduce inventory turns, increase working capital requirements and increase the possibility of excess, obsolete and inventory loss issues.

Our business may suffer due to risks associated with international sales.

Our sales outside of the U.S. during 2007, 2006, and 2005 were approximately 78%, 73%, and 68% of total revenues, respectively. As a result of having a significant amount of sales outside of the U.S., we face inherent risks from these sales, including:

 

   

imposition of government controls;

 

   

currency exchange rate fluctuations;

 

   

longer payment cycles and difficulties related to the collection of receivables from international customers;

 

   

reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;

 

   

unfavorable tax consequences;

 

   

difficulty obtaining distribution and support;

 

   

political instability; and

 

   

tariffs and other trade barriers.

 

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In addition, due to the technological advantages provided by GaAs integrated circuits in many military applications, the Office of Export Administration of the U.S. Department of Commerce must license all of our sales outside of the U.S. We are also required to obtain licenses from that agency for sales of our SAW products to customers in certain countries. If we fail to obtain these licenses or experience delays in obtaining these licenses in the future, our results of operations could be harmed. Also, because a majority of our foreign sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, increases in the value of the dollar would increase the price in local currencies of our products and make our products less price competitive.

Our operating results may be negatively affected by class action or derivative lawsuits.

Following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s stock, some stockholders may file securities class action litigation. For example, in 1994, a stockholder class action lawsuit was filed against us, our underwriters and some of our officers, directors and investors, which alleged that we, our underwriters and certain of our officers, directors and investors intentionally misled the investing public regarding our financial prospects. We settled the action and recorded a special charge of $1.4 million associated with the settlement of this lawsuit and related legal expenses, net of accruals, in 1998. Additionally, in 2003, a class action complaint was purportedly filed on behalf of purchasers of the stock of Sawtek, Inc., our wholly owned subsidiary between January 2000 and May 24, 2001, against Sawtek and former officers of Sawtek and us. Although the claim was dismissed with prejudice in October 2005, our management spent time defending the claims. In 2007, two purported derivative actions filed in the United States District Court for the District of Oregon were consolidated. The plaintiffs alleged that certain of our officers and directors violated Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended, breached their fiduciary duty, abused control, engaged in constructive fraud, corporate waste, insider selling, and gross mismanagement, and were unjustly enriched by improperly backdating stock options. We have filed motions for the dismissal of all claims. While no action has yet been taken by the Court, our management has spent time defending the claims of the current derivative suit. We also incurred legal fees to defend ourselves. Future claims, if any, could harm our operating results, and we may incur significant legal fees defending these claims. Further, defending these claims distracts our management from running our business.

Our stock will likely be subject to substantial price and volume fluctuations due to a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control and may prevent our stockholders from reselling our common stock at a profit.

The securities markets have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations and the market prices of the securities of semiconductor companies have been especially volatile. The market price of our common stock may experience significant fluctuations in the future. For example, our common stock price has fluctuated from a high of approximately $7.08 to a low of approximately $3.77 during 2007. This market volatility, as well as general economic, market or political conditions could reduce the market price of our common stock in spite of our operating performance. In addition, our operating results could be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors, and in response, the market price of our common stock could decrease significantly. Further, high stock price volatility could result in higher stock-based compensation expense.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws include anti-takeover provisions, which may deter or prevent a takeover attempt.

Some provisions of our certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws and provisions of Delaware law may deter or prevent a takeover attempt, including a takeover that might result in a premium over the market price for our common stock. These provisions include:

Cumulative voting.    Our stockholders are entitled to cumulate their votes for directors.

 

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Stockholder proposals and nominations.    Our stockholders must give advance notice, generally 120 days prior to the relevant meeting, to nominate a candidate for director or present a proposal to our stockholders at a meeting. These notice requirements could inhibit a takeover by delaying stockholder action.

Stockholder rights plan.    We may trigger our stockholder rights plan in the event our board of directors does not agree to an acquisition proposal. The rights plan may make it more difficult and costly to acquire our company.

Preferred stock.    Our certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors to issue up to five million shares of preferred stock and to determine what rights, preferences and privileges such shares have. No action by our stockholders is necessary before our board of directors can issue the preferred stock. Our board of directors could use the preferred stock to make it more difficult and costly to acquire our company.

Delaware anti-takeover statute.    The Delaware anti-takeover law restricts business combinations with some stockholders once the stockholder acquires 15% or more of our common stock. The Delaware statute makes it harder for our company to be acquired without the consent of our board of directors and management.

We face risks from changes in tax regulations and a change in our Costa Rican subsidiary’s favorable tax status would have an adverse impact on our operating results.

We are subject to taxation in many different countries and localities worldwide. In some jurisdictions, we have employed specific business strategies to minimize our tax exposure. To the extent the tax laws and regulations in these various countries and localities could change, our tax liability in general could increase or our tax saving strategies could be threatened. Such changes could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results. For example, our subsidiary in Costa Rica operates in a free trade zone. We expect to receive a 75% exemption from Costa Rican income taxes through 2007 and a 50% exemption through 2011. The Costa Rican government continues to review its policy on granting tax exemptions to companies located in free trade zones and it may change our tax status or minimize our benefit at any time. Any adverse change in the tax structure for our Costa Rican subsidiary made by the Costa Rican government would have a negative impact on our net income

In addition, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and several foreign tax authorities could assert additional taxes associated with our foreign subsidiaries activities.

 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

 

Item 2. Properties

 

Location

  

Purpose

   Approximate
Building Size in
Square Feet
   Approximate
Land
in Acres
   Leased or Owned

Hillsboro, Oregon

   Headquarters, administration, test, technical, wafer fabrication and engineering    254,000    50    Owned

Richardson, Texas

   Wafer fabrication, engineering, administration, test and technical    540,000    38    Owned

Apopka, Florida

   Wafer fabrication, engineering, administration, test and technical    92,100    16    Owned

 

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Location

  

Purpose

   Approximate
Building Size in
Square Feet
   Approximate
Land
in Acres
   Leased or Owned

San Jose, Costa Rica

   Test, assembly and administration    61,300    2    Owned

Bend, Oregon

   Wafer fabrication, engineering, administration, test and technical    14,100       Leased

Boulder, Colorado

   Engineering, administration, test and assembly    5,478       Leased

Munich, Germany

   Engineering and marketing    21,054       Leased

Taipei, Taiwan

   Engineering and marketing    11,000       Leased

Lowell, Massachusetts

   Sublet    9,141       Leased

Seoul, Korea

   Engineering and marketing    6,680       Leased

Chelmsford, Massachusetts

   Engineering    14,100       Leased

High Point, North Carolina

   Engineering    7,241       Leased

Various field offices each less than 1,000 sq ft

        

We believe these properties are suitable for our current operations. Our Texas facility is currently running significantly below capacity, however we are planning to locate our high-volume BAW fabrication at this location in the near future.

 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

On February 28, 2007, a purported derivative action (case no. C-07-0299) was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Oregon, allegedly on behalf of TriQuint, against certain of TriQuint’s officers and directors. On March 16, 2007, a substantially similar action (case no. C-07-0398) was filed. The plaintiffs allege that the defendants violated Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended, breached their fiduciary duty, abused control, engaged in constructive fraud, corporate waste, insider selling, and gross mismanagement, and were unjustly enriched by improperly backdating stock options. The plaintiffs also allege that TriQuint failed to properly account for stock options and that the defendants’ conduct caused artificial inflation in TriQuint’s stock price. The plaintiffs seek unspecified damages and disgorgement of profits from the alleged conduct, corporate governance reform, establishment of a constructive trust over defendants’ stock options and proceeds derived therefrom, punitive damages, and reasonable attorney’s, accountant’s, and expert’s fees. On April 25, 2007, the Court consolidated the two cases. Plaintiffs filed a consolidated complaint on or about May 25, 2007. On July 23, 2007, we filed separate motions for the dismissal of all claims in each case with the District Court for the District of Oregon. No action has yet been taken by the Court. On September 28, 2007, the Plaintiffs filed a consolidated opposition to our motions for the dismissal of all claims in each case. On October 26, 2007, we filed separate reply briefs in support of its motions for the dismissal of all claims in each case.

In October 2006, we received an informal request for information from the staff of the San Francisco district office of the Securities and Exchange Commission regarding its option granting practices. In November 2006, we were contacted by the Office of the U.S. Attorney for the District of Oregon and were asked to produce documents relating to its option granting practices on a voluntary basis. We have cooperated in both inquiries. On October 24, 2007, the San Francisco district office of the SEC sent us a letter indicating that the district office has terminated its investigation and is not recommending that the SEC take any enforcement action against us. The U.S. Attorney for the District of Oregon has also stated that it has terminated its inquiry.

Prior to the filing of our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006, we conducted an extensive review of our option granting practices. Our management concluded that no

 

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backdating had occurred with respect to its option grants and that prior disclosures regarding its option grants were not incorrect. We remain current in our reporting under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

In addition, from time to time we are involved in judicial and administrative proceedings incidental to our business. Although occasional adverse decisions (or settlements) may occur, we believe that the final disposition of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.

 

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

None.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market under the symbol “TQNT”. As of March 6, 2008, there were 142,994,211 shares of common stock outstanding held by approximately 450 stockholders of record. Many stockholders hold their shares in street name. We believe that there are approximately 37,000 beneficial owners of our common stock. The following table sets forth the high and low price per share of our common stock for the periods indicated as reported on the NASDAQ Stock Market:

 

     Year ended December 31,
     2007    2006
Period    High    Low    High    Low

First Quarter

   $ 5.31    $ 4.26    $ 5.12    $ 4.30

Second Quarter

   $ 5.52    $ 4.86    $ 6.07    $ 3.91

Third Quarter

   $ 5.53    $ 3.77    $ 5.48    $ 3.70

Fourth Quarter

   $ 7.08    $ 4.50    $ 5.45    $ 4.24

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay cash dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will be dependent upon our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, general business conditions and other such factors as our Board of Directors deem relevant. The closing price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Stock Market on December 31, 2007 was $6.63 per share.

The information required by this item regarding equity compensation plans is incorporated by reference under the section entitled Equity Compensation Plan Information contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities

We did not repurchase any shares in 2007.

 

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Stock Price Performance Graph

The following stock performance graph compares the performance of TriQuint’s common stock to the NASDAQ U.S. Index and to our peer group index, SIC Code 3674—Semiconductors and Related Devices. The returns of each member assume that the initial value of the investments was $100 at the close of business on December 31, 2002 and that all dividends were reinvested. Performance for each member is provided as of the close of business on the last day of the last five calendar years.

LOGO

 

     2002    2003    2004    2005    2006    2007

TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.

   100.00    166.76    104.96    104.96    106.15    156.37

NASDAQ U.S. Index

   100.00    150.79    164.60    168.08    185.55    211.29

Peer Group

   100.00    186.18    152.56    165.72    163.70    176.32

 

* No cash dividends have been declared or paid on our common stock. Stockholder returns over the indicated period should not be considered indicative of future stockholder returns. The peer group index used, SIC Code 3674—Semiconductors and Related Devices, utilizes the same methods of presentation and assumptions for the total return calculation as our company and the NASDAQ U.S. Index. All companies in the peer group index are weighted in accordance with their market capitalizations.

 

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following statements of operations data and balance sheet data for the five years ended December 31, 2007 were derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. Audited consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the related audited consolidated statements of operations and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007 and notes thereto appear elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Audited consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003 and the related audited consolidated statements of operations and of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 are not included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

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This data should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements, related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

(in thousands, except per share data)    Year ended December 31,  
     2007    2006     2005     2004     2003  

Statement of Operations Data:

           

Revenues

   $ 475,776    $ 401,793     $ 294,787     $ 312,971     $ 275,820  

Cost of goods sold

     324,476      277,860       210,446       213,416       188,162  
                                       

Gross profit

     151,300      123,933       84,341       99,555       87,658  

Research, development and engineering

     65,361      50,283       46,706       47,746       51,272  

Selling, general and administrative

     61,993      55,223       46,565       40,523       37,542  

In-process research and development

     7,600                         

Reduction in workforce

                341       429       1,763  

Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill

                31       710        

Loss (Gain) on disposal of equipment

     127      (527 )     (505 )     (13 )      

Acquisition related charges

          63       1,654              

Lease termination costs

                            41,962  
                                       

Income (loss) from operations

     16,219      18,891       (10,451 )     10,160       (44,881 )
                                       

Interest income (expense), net

     8,282      5,736       1,595       (3,604 )     (5,874 )

Foreign currency gain (loss)

     343      (90 )     4       2,125       (205 )

Impairment charge—investments in other companies

                (155 )     (1,189 )     (2,387 )

Gain on recovery of previously impaired investment

          142       954             8,450  

Gain on retirement of debt

                114       539        

Other, net

     80      (132 )     163       187       (188 )
                                       

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax

     24,924      24,547       (7,776 )     8,218       (45,085 )

Income tax expense (benefit)

     1,530      2,796       (3,573 )     397       (1,694 )
                                       

Income (loss) from continuing operations

     23,394      21,751       (4,203 )     7,821       (43,391 )

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

                8,183       (36,875 )     (29,587 )
                                       

Net income (loss)

   $ 23,394    $ 21,751     $ 3,980     $ (29,054 )   $ (72,978 )
                                       

Earnings (loss) per common share data:

           

Basic—

           

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

   $ 0.17    $ 0.16     $ (0.03 )   $ 0.06     $ (0.32 )

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations

     0.00      0.00       0.06       (0.27 )     (0.22 )
                                       

Net income (loss) Basic

   $ 0.17    $ 0.16     $ 0.03     $ (0.21 )   $ (0.54 )
                                       

Diluted—

           

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

   $ 0.16    $ 0.15     $ (0.03 )   $ 0.06     $ (0.32 )

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations

     0.00      0.00       0.06       (0.27 )     (0.22 )
                                       

Net income (loss) Diluted

   $ 0.16    $ 0.15     $ 0.03     $ (0.21 )   $ (0.54 )
                                       
(in thousands)    As of December 31,  
     2007    2006     2005     2004     2003  

Balance Sheet Data:

           

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities

   $ 203,501    $ 373,232     $ 406,722     $ 388,052     $ 401,206  

Accounts receivable, net

   $ 73,185    $ 64,688     $ 51,286     $ 35,654     $ 35,499  

Inventories

   $ 67,231    $ 84,879     $ 49,384     $ 49,619     $ 52,886  

Total assets

   $ 586,461    $ 754,415     $ 728,741     $ 722,400     $ 792,800  

Working capital

   $ 303,108    $ 255,550     $ 358,060     $ 271,018     $ 375,191  

Long-term liabilities

   $ 15,136    $ 4,741     $ 221,730     $ 226,150     $ 270,519  

Total stockholders’ equity

   $ 514,848    $ 467,447     $ 450,610     $ 441,387     $ 460,121  

 

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements, the related notes and the “Important Notice to Investors” that appear elsewhere in this report.

Overview

We are a supplier of high performance modules, components and foundry services for communications applications. Our focus is on the specialized expertise, materials and know-how of RF and other high and intermediate frequency applications. We enjoy diversity in our markets, applications, products, technology and customer base. Our products are designed on various wafer substrates including compound semiconductor materials such as GaAs and piezoelectric crystals such as LiTaO3. We use a variety of process technologies using GaAs substrates including HBT and pHEMT. Using various other substrates we also manufacture SAW and BAW products. Using these materials and our proprietary technology, we believe our products can overcome the performance barriers of competing devices in a variety of applications and offer other key advantages such as steeper selectivity, lower distortion, higher power and power-added efficiency, reduced size and weight and more precise frequency control. For example, GaAs has inherent physical properties that allow its electrons to move up to five times faster than those of silicon. This higher electron mobility permits the manufacture of GaAs integrated circuits that operate at higher levels of performance than silicon devices. We believe that these advantages our products offer can be a tremendous benefit to our customers, which include major communication companies worldwide.

Strategy and Industry Considerations

Our business strategy is to provide our customers with high-performance, low-cost solutions to applications in the handset, networks and military markets. Our mission is, “Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network™,” and we accomplish this through a diversified product portfolio within the communications and military industries. In the handset market, we provide high performance devices such as RF filters, duplexers, small signal components, power amplifiers, switches and passive components. We have also developed integrated RF modules with the goal of maximizing content and minimizing stacked margins, by offering complete module solutions with almost all subcomponents sourced from our own technologies and manufacturing facilities. In the networks markets, we are a supplier of both active GaAs and passive SAW components. We provide the military market with phased-array radar antenna components and in 2005 were chosen to be the prime contractor on a DARPA contract to develop high power wide band amplifiers in GaN, a next generation GaAs-derived technology. In 2006, we obtained additional funding from the Office of Naval Research to improve manufacturing methods of producing high-power, high-voltage S-band GaAs amplifiers.

The semiconductor industry in general was subject to slumping demand and excess capacity from 2001 through 2004; however, demand began to grow in 2005 and remained strong through 2007. Wafer and semiconductor manufacturing facilities require a significant level of fixed cost due to investments in plant and equipment, labor costs, and repair and maintenance costs. During periods of low demand, selling prices also tend to decrease which, when combined with high fixed manufacturing costs, can create a material adverse impact on operating results. In 2005 we began to increase the utilization at our facilities and were able to maintain higher utilization rates through 2006. However, we experienced higher than expected yield loss in 2006, primarily due to the qualification of alternative supply sources and planned changes in our product flow to enable growth in future quarters, both of which had a negative impact on our gross margins for the year. Gross margins improved during 2007, particularly during the fourth quarter. Improved plant utilization and manufacturing yields despite a second quarter charge of approximately $4 million for inventory that unexpectedly became excess, largely due to a reduction in demand from a significant customer.

 

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The handset market had tremendous strength in 2007, continuing a trend that began in 2003. We believe the drivers for continued growth in the handset market remain strong as users in developed countries are looking for new features such as digital cameras, video recorders, music players, GPS, Bluetooth, internet access, mobile television and other video standards, leading to high handset replacement rates. This transition to more sophisticated handsets increases the RF content in each device, increasing our addressable market. Further, China, India and other emerging countries with improving economies are growing the consumer market by introducing a new customer base. In the past however, during times of growing demand we have also experienced significant selling price pressure on some of our highest volume products. The current demand need for increased RF content required for the higher data rates and increased functionality of new handset devices, has allowed average selling prices to stabilize. However this stabilization may not continue. In addition, the areas of growth from the emerging countries may be driven by less advanced handsets that do not require the performance and size advantages our products offer. Typical functional price erosion in this market is 10-15% per year offset by increasing content.

The continued deployment of cellular systems in Asia and other emerging markets such as India have driven GSM/GPRS base station transceiver volumes to new record levels. However, softness in the CDMA infrastructure market coupled with slower than expected demand in WCDMA/EDGE have resulted in a flat market for products targeting the traditional cellular base station market. We expect continued benefit in sales of our point-to-point radio products, largely resulting from build outs in developing countries and those areas of the world where wireless backhaul systems are prevalent.

Our networks market includes products that support the transfer of data at high rates across wireless or wired networks. Our products for this market include those related to Bluetooth, wireless LANs, WiFi, WiMAX, WiBro, CATV, microwave radio, cordless telephones, automotive and optical communications. We also report our multi-market standard products in the networks category. We continue to work on developing lower cost products for our customers however, this may result in flat to lower revenues for an increased number of units.

Revenues from the military market are generally for products in large scale programs with long lead-times. Once a component has been designed into an end-use product for a military application, the same component is generally used during the entire production life of the end-use product and as a result, we tend to produce large volumes of these components. Currently, we are actively engaged with multiple military industry contractors in the development of next-generation phased-array systems and have key design wins in major projects such as the Joint Strike Fighter and F-22 initiatives. In addition, in 2005 we entered into a multi-year contract from the DARPA to develop high power, wide band amplifiers in GaN; and in July 2006, we were awarded a $3.1 million contract to improve manufacturing methods of producing high-power, high-voltage S-band GaAs amplifiers from the Office of Naval Research. In 2007, we were awarded additional programs. From DARPA, we received a $1.3M program to optimize Gallium Nitride technology for S-band. We also received a $1.6M program from the Office of Naval Research to develop 40V Gallium Arsenide High Power S-band Amplifiers. We expect to continue to win government funding for advanced technologies in the future and we expect to participate in other large projects such as the B-2 radar upgrade and hope to expand other programs in the future.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires us to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Some of our accounting policies require us to make difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of matters that are inherently uncertain. The following accounting policies involve critical accounting estimates because they are particularly dependent on estimates and assumptions made by management about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the accounting

 

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estimates are made. While we have used our best estimates based on facts and circumstances available to us at the time, different estimates reasonably could have been used. Changes in the accounting estimates we use are reasonably likely to occur from time to time, which may have a material impact on the presentation of our financial condition and results of operations.

Our most critical accounting estimates include revenue recognition; the valuation of inventory, which impacts gross margin; assessment of recoverability of long-lived assets, which primarily impacts operating expense when we impair assets or accelerate depreciation; valuation of investments and debt in privately held companies, which impacts net income when we record impairments; valuation of deferred income tax assets and liabilities, which impacts our tax provision; and stock-based compensation, which impacts cost of goods sold and operating expenses. We also have other policies that we consider to be key accounting policies, such as our policies for the valuation of accounts receivable, reserves for sales returns and allowances, reserves for warranty costs and our reserves for commitments and contingencies; however, these policies either do not meet the definition of critical accounting estimates described above or are not currently material items in our financial statements. We review our estimates, judgments, and assumptions periodically and reflect the effects of revisions in the period in which they are deemed to be necessary. We believe that these estimates are reasonable; however, actual results could differ from these estimates.

Revenue Recognition

We derive revenues primarily from the sale of standard and customer-specific products and foundry services in the handset, networks and military markets. We also receive revenues from non-recurring engineering fees and cost-plus contracts for research and development work, which collectively have been less than 5% of consolidated revenues for any period. Our handset distribution channels include our direct sales staff, manufacturers’ representatives and independent distributors. The majority of our shipments are made directly to our customers. Revenues from the sale of standard and customer-specific products are recognized when title to the product passes to the buyer.

We receive periodic reports from customers who utilize inventory hubs and recognize revenues when the customers acknowledge they have pulled inventory from our hub, the point at which title to the product passes to the customer.

Revenues from foundry services and non-recurring engineering fees are recorded when the service is completed. Revenues from cost plus contracts are recognized as costs are incurred.

Revenues from our distributors are recognized when the product is sold to the distributors. Our distributor agreements provide for selling prices that are fixed at the date of sale, although we offer price protections, which are specific, of a fixed duration and for which we reserve. Further, the distributors are obligated to pay the amount and the price or payment obligation is not contingent on reselling the product. The distributors take title to the product and bear substantially all of the risks of ownership; the distributors have economic substance; we have no significant obligations for future performance to bring about resale. We can reasonably estimate the amount of future returns. Sales to our distributors were less than 12% of our total revenues for 2007, 2006 and 2005. We allow our distributors to return products for warranty reasons; and stock rotation rights, within certain limitations, and reserve for such instances. Customers that are not distributors can only return products for warranty reasons. If we are unable to repair or replace products returned under warranty, we will issue a credit for a warranty return.

Inventories

We state our inventories at the lower of cost or market. We use a combination of standard cost and moving average cost methodologies to determine our cost basis for our inventories. This methodology approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis. In addition to stating our inventory at the lower of cost or market, we also evaluate it each period for excess quantities and obsolescence. We analyze forecasted demand versus quantities on hand and reserve for the excess.

 

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Long-Lived Assets

We evaluate long-lived assets for impairment of their carrying value when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors we consider in deciding when to perform an impairment review include significant negative industry or economic trends, significant changes or planned changes in our use of the assets, plant closure or production line discontinuance, technological obsolescence, or other changes in circumstances which indicate the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. If such an event occurs, we evaluate whether the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows attributable to the assets in question is less than their carrying value. If this is the case, we recognize an impairment loss to the extent that carrying value exceeds fair value. Fair value is determined based on market prices or discounted cash flow analysis, depending on the nature of the asset and the availability of market data. Any estimate of future cash flows is inherently uncertain. The factors we take into consideration in making estimates of future cash flows include product life cycles, pricing trends, future capital needs, cost trends, product development costs, competitive factors and technology trends as they each affect cash inflows and outflows. If an asset is written down to fair value, that value becomes the asset’s new carrying value and is depreciated over the remaining useful life of the asset.

Investments in Privately Held Companies

In previous years, we made a number of investments in small, privately held technology companies in which we held less than 20% of the capital stock or held notes receivable. In addition, as a result of the sale of our former optoelectronics operations, we received as partial consideration $4.5 million of preferred stock in CyOptics, Inc. (“CyOptics”) and an unsecured promissory note from CyOptics for $5.6 million, that was discounted $2.3 million to reflect the current market rate for similar debt of comparable companies. We account for all of these investments at cost unless their value has been determined to be other than temporarily impaired, in which case we write the investment down to its impaired value. We review these investments periodically for impairment and make appropriate reductions in carrying value when an other-than-temporary decline is evident; however, for non-marketable equity securities, the impairment analysis requires significant judgment. During our review, we evaluate the financial condition of the issuer, market conditions, and other factors providing an indication of the fair value of the investments. Adverse changes in market conditions or operating results of the issuer that differ from expectation, could result in additional other-than-temporary losses in future periods. On October 9, 2007, we participated in an additional bridge financing where we purchased $0.5 million of a subordinated convertible promissory note from CyOptics. The promissory note is an interest-bearing note at the rate of 6% per annum. Unpaid principal with unpaid and accrued interest is due and payable at the earlier of (i) October 9, 2008, or (ii) event of default (as defined in the promissory note) or (iii) at conversion of a qualified equity event (as defined in the promissory note).

During 2005, we reduced the value of three investments by a total of $0.2 million, net. Additionally during 2005, we sold $1.9 million of assets received from the liquidation of an investment we held in another privately held company including $1.0 million of intellectual property received from the liquidation. The intellectual property was held at a zero book value and we recorded a gain for the entire amount of proceeds received. The remaining assets received from the liquidation of the investment resulted in a gain of less than $0.1 million. During 2006, a previously impaired investment was purchased by another company and our holdings in the investment were liquidated. As a result, we recorded a recovery on the impairment of this investment of $0.1 million. No impairment was recorded in 2007.

At December 31, 2007, our investments in privately held companies consisted of our CyOptics investments with a carrying value of $7.2 million.

 

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Income Taxes

We are subject to taxation from federal, state and international jurisdictions in which we operate. A significant amount of management judgment is involved in preparing our annual provision for income taxes and the calculation of resulting deferred tax assets and liabilities. Significant income tax exposures include potential challenges on foreign entities, merger, acquisition and disposition transactions and intercompany pricing. Exposures are settled primarily through the completion of audits within these tax jurisdictions, but can also be affected by other factors. Changes could cause management to find a revision of past estimates appropriate. The liabilities are frequently reviewed by management for their adequacy and appropriateness. As of December 31, 2007, we were not under audit by the U.S. income taxing authorities. We concluded federal income tax audits for the U.S. consolidated tax group on earlier years, most recently for the years 2000 and 2001. A 2001 to 2003 German tax audit of our subsidiary, TriQuint Semiconductor GmbH, was completed during the third quarter of 2005. No significant adjustments were required as a result of the audit. Tax periods within the statutory period of limitations not previously audited are potentially open for examination by the taxing authorities. Potential liabilities associated with these years will be resolved when an event occurs to warrant closure, primarily through the completion of audits by the taxing jurisdictions and/or the expiration of the statutes of limitation. To the extent audits or other events result in a material adjustment to the accrued estimates, the effect would be recognized during the period of the event. Management believes that an appropriate estimated liability has been established for potential exposures.

Our provision for income taxes as of and for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 were as follows (in millions):

 

     Years ended December 31,
     2007    2006

Provision for income taxes

   $ 1.5    $ 2.8

The provision for income taxes for 2007 and 2006 primarily consisted of domestic and foreign tax liabilities in US and Costa Rica of $1.5 million and $2.8 million, respectively. In January 2008, we decided to make a $64.0 million dividend distribution from the Costa Rica subsidiary. Of the $64.0 million dividend, the majority was from previously taxed income and the remainder will be taxable in 2008, on which a deferred tax liability was established. No provision has been made for the U.S, state or additional foreign income taxes related to approximately $96.5 million of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries which have been, or are, intended to be permanently reinvested. It is not practicable to determine the U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, which would be payable if such earnings were not permanently reinvested. In the event the Costa Rican or German subsidiaries remit these earnings to the U.S. parent, the earnings may be subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes.

During 2007, the carrying value of our net deferred tax assets decreased by $10.4 million, primarily due to the utilization of the net operating loss against U.S. federal taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to be recognized or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

In 2002, we determined that a valuation allowance should be recorded against all of our deferred tax assets based on the criteria of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. We record the valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets when it is “more likely than not” that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets may not be realized. We consider future taxable income and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in determining the need for a valuation allowance and evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a regular basis. Due to the lack of a stable earnings history, we will maintain a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets in 2007.

 

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In 2005, our optoelectronics operations were classified as discontinued operations. During the year, we recorded income from the operations during the period in which we operated it, as well as a gain from the sale of the operations in the second quarter and the sale of the building in the third quarter. We had net operating losses from prior periods which we applied to these gains to offset the tax impact from these gains. However, SFAS No. 109 requires the income tax effects related to these transactions be allocated among continuing and discontinued operations and as a result we recorded tax expense on our discontinued operations of $4.8 million which was offset by a tax benefit recorded on our continuing operations for the same amount.

We adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FIN 48), on January 1, 2007. We recognized no adjustment in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits upon the adoption of FIN 48. As of the date of adoption, our unrecognized tax benefits totaled $9.3 million, including interest and penalty of $2.8 million. As of December 31 2007, our unrecognized tax benefits totaled $10.2 million, including interest and penalty of $3.6 million. The full amount of the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would result in a favorable impact on the effective tax rate.

Stock-Based Compensation

On January 1 2006, we adopted SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, and included stock-based compensation costs in our financial statements. Prior to adoption of SFAS 123(R), we accounted for compensation cost related to employee stock options and other forms of employee stock-based compensation plans, other than our Sawtek employee stock ownership plan, in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion (“APB”) No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations. Under APB No. 25, we applied Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, which allowed entities to continue to apply the provision of APB No. 25 and provide pro forma net income (loss) and pro forma net income (loss) per share disclosures for employee stock option grants as if the fair value based method defined in SFAS No. 123 had been applied. These methods of accounting for stock-based compensation involve a number of estimates about the expected lives of stock options, interest rates, stock volatility, and other assumptions as well as the selection of a valuation model. We have elected to use the Black-Scholes option valuation model to value our options and employee stock purchase plan issuances. A change in any of the assumptions used in the model, or the selection of a different option pricing model, could have a material impact on our operations.

The table below summarizes the stock-based compensation expense for 2007 and 2006, included in our consolidated statements of operations:

 

(in millions)    Year ended December 31,
     2007    2006

Cost of goods sold

   $ 3.2    $ 2.9
             

Stock-based compensation expense included in cost of goods sold

     3.2      2.9

Research, development and engineering

     1.5      1.7

Selling, general and administrative

     3.8      4.5
             

Stock-based compensation expense included in operating expenses

     5.3      6.2
             

Total stock-based compensation expense included in income from operations

   $ 8.5    $ 9.1
             

 

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The table below summarizes our pro forma financial results for 2005, as if stock-based compensation had been recognized for these periods utilizing the provisions of SFAS No. 123. Disclosures for 2007 and 2006 are not presented as the stock-based compensation expense was recognized in the consolidated financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R).

 

(in millions, except per share amounts)    Year ended
December 31, 2005
 

Net income as reported

   $ 4.0  

Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based methods for all awards, net of tax(1)

     (19.3 )
        

Pro forma net loss

   $ (15.3 )
        

Net income (loss) per share:

  

Basic and Diluted—as reported

   $ 0.03  

Basic and Diluted—pro forma

   $ (0.11 )

 

(1)

On November 10, 2005, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the acceleration of the vesting of those employee stock options, excluding option grants to our board members and chief executive officer, with an option price equal to or greater than $5.35 per share. As a result of this acceleration, approximately 2,041,587 options with varying remaining vesting schedules were subject to the acceleration provision and became immediately exercisable, subject to our insider trading policy. The acceleration was done as part of a comprehensive review of our entire benefits program. The decision to accelerate some of our options was made after review of our current stock price, the competitive standpoint afforded to our Company by the options, the benefit of the options to the employees and the potential effects of SFAS No. 123(R). Our stock price was $4.59 on November 10, 2005, as reported on the NASDAQ Stock Market. The total pro-forma stock-based employee compensation expense of $19.3 million for 2005 included approximately $5.7 million of expense resulting from the November 10, 2005 acceleration.

Acquisitions and Divestitures

Agere’s Optoelectronics Business

On January 2, 2003, we completed an acquisition of a substantial portion of the optoelectronics business of Agere Systems Inc, (“Agere”) for $40.0 million in cash plus acquisition costs and certain assumed liabilities. The transaction included the products, technology and some facilities related to Agere’s optoelectronics business, which includes active and passive optical components, optical amplifiers, optical transceivers and other optical products. As part of the acquisition, we also assumed operation of the back-end assembly and test operations associated with these products at a leased facility in Matamoros, Mexico. We acquired this business to expand our market and product offerings in the optical networks market.

During the first quarter of 2005, we concluded that the optoelectronics operations we purchased were not going to meet the revenue projections we made when we initially acquired the operations from Agere. Significant reductions in average selling prices combined with reduced demand and valuation for new technologies in the optoelectronic market resulted in continued losses from these operations. As a result, we announced the sale of these operations on April 14, 2005 and entered into an agreement to sell our optoelectronics operations in Breinigsville, Pennsylvania and our optoelectronics subsidiary in Matamoros, Mexico to CyOptics. With the sale, we believe we will benefit from focusing our attention on our growing handset, networks and military markets and build upon our successful portfolio of GaAs semiconductor and filter products. The transaction allowed us to exit our optoelectronics operations that manufactured InP optical components; however, we continued to manufacture and sell GaAs based semiconductor products

 

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for optoelectronics equipment market produced and originally developed at our Oregon and Texas facilities. Revenues from GaAs products for optical systems accounted for less than 5% our revenues in 2005. The sale, completed on April 29, 2005, was an asset sale including the products, manufacturing equipment, inventory, the Mexican entity, related intellectual property rights and other assets that constitute the operations that manufacture InP optical chips and components for the optical networking market. CyOptics paid us the following consideration: $13.5 million cash at closing, $4.5 million of CyOptics’ preferred stock and a promissory note in the amount of approximately $5.6 million, which was recorded net of a $2.3 million discount to record the note at current market rates. CyOptics also assumed certain liabilities associated with the optoelectronics operations, such as warranty obligations to customers.

Separately, on March 7, 2005, TriQuint Optoelectronics, a wholly owned subsidiary, entered into a purchase and sale agreement to sell the land and building and related facilities occupied by our optoelectronics operations in Breinigsville, Pennsylvania. On July 13, 2005, we completed the sale to Hamilton TEK Partners, LP (“Hamilton”) for $9.3 million, less commissions, fees, and other costs to sell the facility. Pursuant to the agreement, we assigned to Hamilton our lease to CyOptics for approximately 90,000 square feet of the 849,000 square foot facility. The lease was executed on April 29, 2005 and was for a period of two years.

Peak Devices, Inc

On August 31, 2007, we completed the acquisition of Peak Devices, Inc. (“Peak”), a privately-held, fabless semiconductor company that focused on RF discrete transistor technology. We paid $14.9 million in cash on the closing date and paid an additional $0.2 million of direct acquisition costs during 2007. Of the $14.9 million, $1.5 million is held in escrow for payment of claims and liabilities that may result from this acquisition. The escrow period expires on December 31, 2008. We are also obligated to pay earnout payments to the former shareholders of Peak based on 10% of the gross margin from sales of Peak technology based products less a quarterly threshold over a five year period from 2008 to 2012. These earnout amounts are not contingent on continued employment of the former shareholders. As of December 31, 2007, we have yet to recognize earnout charges related to the sales of Peak technology based products.

We accounted for the Peak acquisition as a purchase in accordance with SFAS No. 141. Details of the purchase price were as follows:

 

Cash paid at closing

   $ 14.9

Acquisition costs

     0.2
      

Total

   $ 15.1
      

The purchase price was allocated to Peak’s assets and liabilities based upon fair values as follows:

 

Cash

   $ 0.3  

Accounts receivables and other assets

     0.5  

Inventory

     1.5  

Property, plant and equipment

     0.2  

In-process research and development

     7.6  

Intangible assets

     5.0  

Goodwill

     1.5  

Payables and other liabilities

     (1.5 )
        

Total

   $ 15.1  
        

 

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The results of operations for the Peak business were included in our consolidated statements of operations for the period from September 1, 2007 to December 31, 2007.

The intangible assets acquired are being amortized over a weighted average period of six years. We recorded an additional $0.2 million of goodwill subsequent to the purchase date for the recognition of an assumed tax liability.

In-process research and development (“IPR&D”) represented Peak projects that had not reached technological feasibility and had no alternative future use when acquired but had been developed to a point where there was value associated with them in relation to potential future revenues. Using the income approach to value the IPR&D, we determined that $7.6 million of the purchase price represented purchased in-process technology. Because technological feasibility was not yet proven and no alternative future uses were believed to exist for the in-process technologies, the assigned value was expensed immediately into operating expenses upon the closing date of the acquisition.

The fair value underlying the $7.6 million assigned to acquire IPR&D from the Peak acquisition was determined by identifying research projects in areas for which technological feasibility had not been established and there were no alternative future uses. The acquired IPR&D consisted of wide band transistor products and was approximately 50% complete as of December 31, 2007. This technology is being integrated into products expected to be completed in 2008. There has been no material change in the estimated cost of these projects.

The fair value of IPR&D was determined by an income approach, where fair value is the present value of projected net free cash flows that will be generated by the products incorporating the acquired technologies under development, assuming they are successfully completed. The estimated net free cash flows generated by the products over a 10 year period was discounted at a rate of 40% which reflected the stage of completion and the technical risks associated with achieving technological feasibility. Other factors considered were the inherent uncertainties in future revenue estimates from technology investments including the uncertainty surrounding the successful development of the IPR&D, the useful life of the technology and the profitability levels of the technology. The estimated net cash flows from these products were based on estimates of related revenues, cost of sales, R&D costs, SG&A costs, asset requirements and income taxes. The stage of completion of the products at the date of the acquisition was estimated based on the tasks required to develop the technology into a commercially viable product. The nature of the efforts to develop the in-process technology into commercially viable products principally related to the completion of all planning, designing, prototyping, verification and testing activities that are necessary to establish that the product can be produced to meet its design specification, including function, features and technical performance requirements. These estimates are subject to change, given the uncertainties of the development process, and no assurance can be given that deviations from these estimates will not occur or that we will realize any anticipated benefits of the acquisition. The risks associated with IPR&D are considered high and no assurance can be made that these products will generate any benefit or meet market expectations.

To the extent that estimated completion dates are not met, the risk of competitive product introduction is greater and revenue opportunity may be permanently lost.

WJ Communications, Inc.

On March 9, 2008, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with WJ Communications, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and ML Acquisition, Inc., a Delaware corporation and our wholly-owned subsidiary. WJ Communications is a leading supplier of radio frequency (“RF”) solutions for wireless infrastructure, and we expect the acquisition to allow us to expand our reach into the RF market.

 

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Under the terms of the Merger Agreement, we will acquire by merger all outstanding shares of WJ Communications for $1.00 per share in cash. In addition, all of WJ Communications’ stock options will be cancelled for a payment of the $1.00 per share merger consideration minus the exercise price for the option, and all vested restricted stock and performance accelerated restricted stock units will receive the merger consideration and be cancelled. All unvested restricted stock and performance accelerated restricted stock units will continue and reflect the right to receive cash equal to the merger consideration when they vest. The total purchase price will be approximately $72 million.

Through the acquisition, we expect to expand our presence in the wireless infrastructure market comprised of cellular base stations and wireless and cable broadband infrastructure. We anticipate doing this by focusing with WJ Communications on combining RF power, switching and filtering in cost effective module solutions for base station and other infrastructure applications.

The Merger Agreement contains certain termination rights and the closing of the merger is subject to the approval of WJ Communications’ shareholders, expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 and other customary closing conditions.

Results of Operations

The following management discussion and analysis of operations addresses continuing operations only, unless otherwise noted. The table below sets forth the results of our operations expressed as a percentage of revenues. However, these historical operating results are not necessarily indicative of the results for any future period.

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2007     2006     2005  

Revenues

   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %

Cost of goods sold

   68.2 %   69.2 %   71.4 %
                  

Gross profit

   31.8 %   30.8 %   28.6 %

Operating expenses:

      

Research, development and engineering

   13.8 %   12.5 %   15.8 %

Selling, general and administrative

   13.0 %   13.7 %   15.8 %

In process research and development

   1.6 %        

Reduction in workforce

           0.1 %

Impairment of long-lived assets

           0.0 %

Loss (gain) on disposal of equipment

   0.0 %   (0.1 )%   (0.2 )%

Acquisition related charges

       0.0 %   0.6 %
                  

Total operating expenses

   28.4 %   26.1 %   32.1 %
                  

Income (loss) from operations

   3.4 %   4.7 %   (3.5 )%
                  

 

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     Year ended December 31,  
     2007     2006     2005  

Other income (expense):

      

Interest income

   2.1 %   3.9 %   3.9 %

Interest expense

   (0.3 )%   (2.5 )%   (3.3 )%

Foreign currency loss (gain)

   0.0 %   (0.0 )%   0.0 %

Impairment charge—investments of other companies

           (0.1 )%

Gain on recovery of previously impaired investment

       0.0 %   0.3 %

Gain on retirement of debt

           0.0 %

Other, net

   0.0 %   (0.0 )%   0.1 %
                  

Total other income (expenses), net

   1.8 %   1.4 %   0.9 %
                  

Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income tax

   5.2 %   6.1 %   (2.6 )%

Income tax expense (benefit)

   0.3 %   0.7 %   (1.2 )%
                  

Income (loss) from continuing operations

   4.9 %   5.4 %   (1.4 )%

Discontinued operations:

      

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

           2.8 %
                  

Net income

   4.9 %   5.4 %   1.4 %
                  

Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006

Revenues

Our revenues increased $74.0 million or 18% to $475.8 million in 2007, compared to $401.8 million in 2006. All of our markets grew although the most significant increase came in our handset markets due to growth in revenues of transmit modules.

Our overall book-to-bill ratio for the quarter ended December 31, 2007 was 0.95 to 1. This was consistent with the book-to-bill ratio for the quarter ended December 31, 2006 of 0.93 to 1.

Our revenues by end market for 2007 and 2006 are detailed below:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2007     2006  

Revenues:

    

Handsets

   53 %   51 %

Networks

   36 %   37 %

Military

   11 %   12 %
            
   100 %   100 %
            

Handsets

Our revenues from products for the handset market increased approximately 28% in 2007, compared to 2006. The growth was from increases in revenues from all wireless air interface standards, which we believe reflects an increase in our market share. Our GSM/GPRS products had the largest revenue dollar increase in 2007 as compared to 2006, increasing 33%, while we began to see revenue from our WLAN products of $2.6 million in 2007. Our WCDMA/EDGE products also had strong gains during 2007, as revenues increased 111% as compared to 2006. As a percentage of our overall handset revenues in 2007, our GSM/GPRS revenues continued to be the largest contributor, accounting for 43% of our revenues, as compared to 41% in 2006. CDMA revenues accounted for 37% of our revenues in 2007, down from 47% in 2006.

 

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The largest revenue drivers across all standard products for the handset market were our transmit and power amplifier modules, which experienced revenue increases of approximately 113% and 30%, respectively, in 2007 as compared to 2006. Revenues for these products increased as manufacturers sought more integration in the products they purchased. Overall, transmit and power amplifier modules accounted for nearly 70% of our handset revenue in 2007.

Due to our strategic product transition from discrete components to integrated passive and active modules we were able to increase average selling prices by approximately 30% in 2007 as compared to 2006.

Networks

Revenues from the networks products, which include WLAN, base station, and various standard products, increased approximately 12% in 2007 as compared to 2006. This increase was primarily due to increases in revenues from WLAN, point-to-point radios, and GPS products. These increases were partially offset by decreased revenues for our GSM/GPRS, WCDMA, and CDMA/1x/2000 products.

Revenues from WLAN products increased approximately 36% in 2007 as compared to 2006. As a percentage of total network revenues, WLAN products represented approximately 19% for 2007 compared to approximately 15% for 2006.

Military

Revenues from our military-related products increased approximately 7% in 2007 as compared to 2006. This increase was primarily due to increases in revenues from our satellite products, which increased over 350% in 2007 as compared to 2006. As a percentage of our total revenues, military-related products decreased to 11% in 2007, from 12% in 2006. However, we believe our DARPA and Office of Naval Research and future government contracts will help drive our investment in research and development for fundamental technology leadership.

Domestic and International Revenues

Revenues from domestic customers were $104.5 million in 2007 compared to $109.6 million in 2006. Revenues from international customers were $371.3 million in 2007 compared to $292.2 million in 2006. Our revenues from international customers continued to grow due to the increasing demand for wireless phones and infrastructure products from Asia, India and other developing countries where wireless subscriber penetration rates are significantly lower than penetration rates in the U.S. Revenues from sales to end user customers in China and Korea represented greater than 10% or more of total revenues in 2007, and totaled approximately $144.5 million and $73.7 million, respectively. In 2006, sales to end user customers in China and Korea represented 10% or more of revenues and totaled approximately $90.7 million and $65.9 million, respectively.

Gross Profit

Gross profit is defined as revenue less cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold includes direct material, labor, stock-based compensation, and overhead expenses and certain production costs related to non-recurring engineering revenues. In general, we derive a higher gross profit margin on lower volume products for the networks and military markets, such as point-to-point radios and satellite systems, whereas our handsets products are typically higher volume, more price sensitive and generally have lower margins. In 2007, our gross profit margin as a percentage of revenues was 31.8% as compared to 30.8% in 2006. The increase in gross margin in 2007 was primarily the result of improved capacity utilization and shorter lead times, which produced a higher absorption of fixed overhead costs.

 

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Research, development and engineering expenses

Research, development and engineering expenses include the costs incurred in the design of new products, as well as ongoing product research and development expenses. Our research, development and engineering expenses in 2007 increased $15.1 million or 30%, to $65.4 million, as compared to $50.3 million in 2006. The increase was due to increases in material and supplies, outside services and compensation expense. As a percentage of revenues our research, development and engineering expenses in 2007 were 13.8%, compared to 12.5% in 2006.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses include commissions, labor expenses for sales, marketing and administrative personnel, and other corporate administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $6.8 million or 12.3% in 2007 to $62.0 million, as compared to $55.2 million in 2006. Our selling, general and administrative expenses increased primarily due to increased sales commissions as a result of our increased revenues, as well as increased marketing expenses, labor costs, and depreciation. As a percentage of revenues our selling, general and administrative expenses in 2007 decreased to 13.0% of revenues from 13.7% in 2006.

In-process research and development

In-process research and development costs of $7.6 million resulted from the acquisition of Peak Devices, which was completed on August 31, 2007. No similar charges were incurred in 2006.

Gain on disposal of equipment

Gains and losses are recorded based upon the disposal price, less the book value of the equipment. We recorded a loss of $0.1 million and a gain of $0.5 million on the disposal of equipment in 2007 and 2006, respectively from the sale of equipment at our Oregon facility.

Acquisition related charges

In 2006, we recorded $0.1 million of charges related to the anticipated TFR earn-out payment and retention bonuses, payable in 2006. No charges were incurred in 2007.

Interest income (expense), net

Interest income (expense), net increased $2.5 million in 2007 to $8.3 million, compared to interest income (expense), net of $5.7 million in 2006. The increase is primarily attributable to the pay off of our convertible subordinated notes in the first quarter of 2007, which have historically accounted for the majority of our interest expense. While we utilized a large portion of our cash reserves to retire $218.8 million of subordinated notes, we expect a reduced periodic interest expense which will positively impact our net interest income going forward.

Recovery of impairment—Investment in other companies

In 2006, a previously impaired investment was purchased by another company and our holding in the investment was liquidated. As a result, we recorded a recovery on the impairment of the investment of $0.1 million. No impairment or recovery charge was recorded in 2007.

Income tax expense

In 2007, we recorded income tax expense of $1.5 million as compared to income tax expense of $2.8 million in 2006. The 2007 and 2006 tax expense was primarily due to income taxes, penalties and interest from our U.S. and Costa Rica operations.

 

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Years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

Revenues from Continuing Operations

Our revenues from continuing operations increased $107.0 million or 36% to $401.8 million in 2006, compared to $294.8 million in 2005. This increase was primarily due to significantly higher revenues in the handset market, as our transmit module products gained traction with the handset manufacturers as their need for more advanced, integrated products expanded. Significant revenue growth was also seen in our networks market, primarily from our LNAs and other products.

We began to see an increase in overall demand for our products in the second quarter of 2005 and it continued throughout 2006. During each of the quarters of 2006, our revenues increased with the fourth quarter of 2006 marking the seventh consecutive quarter of revenue growth. Our overall book-to-bill ratio for the quarter ended December 31, 2006 was 0.93 to 1 with our handset market posting the strongest ratio of over 1.0 to 1. The overall book-to-bill ratio for the fourth quarter of 2006 represented a decrease from our ratio for the quarter ended December 31, 2005, however the December 31, 2006 ratio represented a substantial increase in booking dollars.

Our revenues by end market for 2006 and 2005 are detailed below:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2006     2005  

Revenues:

    

Handsets

   51 %   43 %

Networks

   37 %   42 %

Military

   12 %   15 %
            
   100 %   100 %
            

Handsets

Our revenues from products for the wireless handset market increased approximately 64% in 2006, compared to 2005. The growth was from increases in revenues from our products from all wireless air interface standards, which we believe was reflected in an increase in our market share. Our GSM/GPRS products had the largest-dollar increase in 2006 as compared to 2005, increasing 83%, while our WCDMA products had the largest percentage increase in 2006 as compared to 2005, increasing from less than $0.5 million in 2005 to over $15.0 million in 2006. Our CDMA products, which have historically been our largest revenue generator, also had strong gains during 2006, as revenues increased over 25%, as did our WCDMA/EDGE products which increased over 550% in 2006 as compared to 2005. As a percentage of our handset revenue in 2006, our CDMA revenues continued to be our largest contributor accounting for 48% of our revenues, as compared to 63% in 2005. GSM/GPRS revenues accounted for 40% of our revenues in 2006, up from 36% in 2005. Our WCDMA/EDGE revenues increased to 12% of our handset revenue in 2006, up from 1% in 2005.

The largest revenue drivers across all our standards for the handset market were our transmit and power amplifier modules, which experienced revenue increases of approximately 730% and 200%, respectively, in 2006 as compared to 2005. Revenues for these products increased as manufacturers purchased more integrated modules. Overall, transmit and power amplifier modules-accounted for nearly 50% of our handset revenues in 2006.

The total number of units of our wireless handset products we shipped increased 52% in 2006 as compared to 2005. Although the products in our handset segment have lower average selling prices than products in other segments, we increased our average selling price by approximately 8% in 2006 as compared to 2005. In 2006, the increases in volume and average selling prices resulted in higher gross margins.

 

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Networks

Revenues from our networks products increased 44% in 2006 as compared to 2005. The growth in this market was primarily due to strength from our dual low noise amplifier WLAN products, combined with our optical devices, cordless phone, GPS, broadband wireless application and other standard products. In addition, the increase was also driven by an increase in revenues from our LNA products partially offset by a decrease in revenues from our base station IF filters. Revenues from point-to-point radio products remained strong and accounted for approximately 40% of our revenues in 2006, down slightly from 43% in 2005. Our revenues from GSM/GPRS/EDGE base station products remained stable in 2006 as compared to 2005, and accounted for approximately 34% of our base station revenues in both periods. However, our CDMA and wideband CDMA base station product revenues declined approximately 30% in 2006 as compared to 2005 and accounted for less than 10% of the base station revenues in 2006. The decline for CDMA products was first evident in 2005 from build-out softness as EVDO build-outs in Korea, Japan and the U.S. were largely completed. The decline was further affected by the delay of 3G licensing in China which postponed both CDMA and WCDMA build-outs in that region.

Military

Revenues from our military-related products increased approximately 11% in 2006 as compared to 2005. This increase was primarily due to increases in revenues from our radar related products, such as our power amplifiers and other products, which increased 47% in 2006 as compared to 2005. In late 2006, we began to experience increased quoting activity and stronger demand for our passive products than we had seen in prior quarters. As a percentage of our total revenues, military-related products decreased to 12% in 2006, down from 15% in 2005. However, the absolute dollar value of our total revenues increased in this segment.

Domestic and International Revenues

Revenues from domestic customers were $109.6 million in 2006, compared to $95.6 million in 2005. Revenues from international customers were $292.2 million in 2006 compared to $199.2 million in 2005. Our revenues from international customers continued to grow due to the increasing demand for wireless phones and infrastructure products from Asia, India and other developing countries where wireless subscriber penetration rates are significantly lower than penetration rates in the U.S. Revenues from sales to end-user customers in China and Korea represented 10% or more of total revenues in 2006 and were approximately $90.7 million and $65.9 million, respectively. In 2005, sales to end-user customers in China represented 10% or more of revenues and were approximately $67.4 million.

Gross Profit

In 2006, our gross profit margin as a percentage of revenues was 30.8% as compared to 28.6% in 2005. The increase in gross margin in 2006 was primarily the result of improved capacity utilization and shorter lead times, which produced a higher absorption of fixed overhead costs but was offset in part by the implementation of SFAS No. 123(R) which requires us to expense equity compensation. The gross margin in 2006 was negatively impacted by planned changes in our product flow to enable future demand, qualification of alternative suppliers, the production of new products and other factors. These factors negatively affected our manufacturing yields in 2006, resulting in reduced margins.

Research, development and engineering expenses

Our research, development and engineering expenses in 2006 increased $3.6 million or 8% to $50.3 million, as compared to $46.7 million in 2005. The 2006 expenses included stock-based compensation costs of $1.7 million resulting from the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R). Our research, development and engineering increased in 2006 as compared to 2005, primarily due to the implementation of SFAS 123(R)

 

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and increases in research and development material and supplies, outside services and compensation expense.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses include commissions, labor expenses for sales, marketing and administrative personnel, and other corporate administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $8.6 million or 19% in 2006 to $55.2 million, as compared to $46.6 million in 2005. Our expense in 2006 included $4.5 million of stock-based compensation costs resulting from the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R). Our selling, general and administrative expenses also increased-due to increased sales commissions as a result of our increased revenues, as well as increased marketing expenses, labor costs, depreciation, travel expenses, legal fees and insurance costs. However, as a percentage of revenues our selling, general and administrative expenses in 2006 decreased to 13.7% of revenues from 15.8% in 2005.

Reduction in workforce

In 2005, we recorded a charge of $0.3 million associated with a reduction in force of approximately 130 employees assigned to our operations in Apopka, Florida and San Jose, Costa Rica. The charge was a result of our ongoing efforts to align costs and capacity with the reduced levels of production and revenues at these facilities. We had no similar charges in 2006.

Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill

In 2005, we recorded impairments on long-lived assets of less than $0.1 million associated with the write down of certain fabrication equipment held for sale to its fair market value. There were no impairment charges in 2006.

Gain on disposal of equipment

In both 2005 and 2006, we recorded gains of $0.5 million on the disposal of equipment, primarily related to the sale of equipment at our Oregon facility.

Acquisition related charges

In 2005, we recorded $1.7 million of charges related to the anticipated TFR earn-out payment and retention bonuses, payable in 2006. The charges related to 2006 were $0.1 million and payments were made in the first and third quarters of 2006.

Interest income (expense), net

Interest income (expense), net increased $4.1 million in 2006 to interest income (expense), net of $5.7 million, compared to $1.6 million in 2005. This change was attributable to higher interest rates earned on our short and long-term investments. For example, in 2006 the average commercial paper interest rate was 5.1% compared to 3.4% in 2005. We repurchased $5.0 million of our subordinated debt in the second quarter of 2005 which reduced our interest expense in 2005 and 2006.

(Recovery of impairment) impairment charge—Investment in other companies

In 2005, we reduced the value of three investments by a total of $0.2 million, net. The reductions in value were determined from analysis of the financial condition of the companies, which had deteriorated, or the reduction in our percentage ownership of the privately held companies in which we had invested. In 2006, a previously impaired investment was purchased by another company and our holding in the

 

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investment was liquidated. As a result, we recorded a recovery on the impairment of this investment of $0.1 million.

Gain on retirement of debt

In 2005, we recorded a gain on the retirement of debt resulting from our repurchase of $5.0 million principal amount of our convertible subordinated notes. The repurchases were made at the current market prices resulting in a gain of $0.1 million, net of the write off of associated capitalized bond issuance costs of less than $0.1 million. We had no repurchases of debt in 2006.

Gain on sale of intellectual property

In 2005, we recorded a gain of $1.0 million from the sale of intellectual property acquired from the liquidation of an investment in a privately held company. The intellectual property was held at a zero book value and we recorded a gain for the entire amount of proceeds received. We had no similar sales in 2006.

Income tax expense (benefit)

In 2006, we recorded an income tax expense from continuing operations of $2.8 million as compared to an income tax benefit from continuing operations of $3.6 million in 2005. The 2006 tax expense was primarily due to income taxes related to our Costa Rica operations. The tax benefit in 2005 was primarily due to the result of the reduction in the prior year valuation allowance caused by income generated from discontinued operations that was allocated to continuing operations under SFAS No. 109. This tax benefit was partially reduced by tax expenses from our foreign operations in Germany, Costa Rica, Sweden and Japan.

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

We recorded a net gain from discontinued operations of $8.2 million in 2005, which included a gain of $11.6 million from the disposal of the operations in the second quarter of 2005 and the sale of the facility in the third quarter of 2005, combined with gains on the sale of excess assets of the optoelectronics business of $4.1 million. These gains were partially offset by losses from the optoelectronic operations of approximately $2.7 million and the tax expense from the discontinued operations of $4.8 million. The results of the discontinued operations in 2005 reflected only four months of full operations as we completed the sale on April 29, 2005. There were no such events in 2006.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2007, our cash, cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities decreased $169.7 million or 46% to $203.5 million, from $373.2 million at December 31, 2006. The net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and investments in marketable securities was primarily due to the $218.8 million repayment of our convertible subordinated notes in February 2007 and the $14.7 million used to acquire Peak.

The $79.2 million of cash provided by operations in 2007 represented a $57.0 million increase from the $22.2 million of cash provided by operations in 2006. The increase in 2007 from 2006 was due primarily to a $19.1 million reduction in inventory in 2007 versus a $35.5 million increase in inventory in 2006. A factor that negatively affected our operating cash flow in 2007 was an increase in our accounts receivable of $8.0 million as compared to December 31, 2006.

At December 31, 2007, our net accounts receivable increased $8.5 million or 13% to $73.2 million, from $64.7 million at December 31, 2006, including $0.5 million received in our acquisition of Peak. Our days sales outstanding as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 remained constant at 52 days.

 

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At December 31, 2007, our net inventory balance decreased $17.7 million or 21% to $67.2 million, from $84.9 million at December 31, 2006, including $1.5 million received in our acquisition of Peak. This decrease was primarily due to better inventory management as we focused on reducing inventory levels to reduce risk. At December 31, 2007, our inventory turnover ratio increased to 4.8 times, as compared to 3.8 times at December 31, 2006.

At December 31, 2007, our net property, plant and equipment balance increased by $4.3 million or 2% to $204.6 million, from $200.3 million at December 31, 2006, including $0.2 million received in our acquisition of Peak. This increase was due to capital expenditures of $32.5 million primarily to increase the capacity at our Oregon facility and equipment to support new product and technologies at our Texas and Oregon facilities. These expenditures were partially offset by depreciation expense of $28.9 million.

Recent Transactions Affecting Liquidity

On March 1, 2007, our 4% convertible subordinated notes became due. On this date we retired the $218.8 million outstanding notes along with accrued interest payable using our cash reserves. Prior to the March 1, 2007 maturity of the notes, we had repurchased $126.2 million face value of the original $345.0 million since their 2000 issuance. On August 31, 2007, we completed the acquisition of Peak Devices and paid $14.7 million on the closing date, net of $0.4 million of cash acquired.

Sources of Liquidity

Our current cash, cash equivalent and short-term investment balances, together with cash anticipated to be generated from continuing operations are currently our principal sources of liquidity and we believe these will satisfy our projected working capital and capital expenditures, for the next 12 months. The principal risks to these sources of liquidity are capital expenditures or investment needs in excess of our expectations, in which case we may be required to finance any additional requirements through additional equity offerings, debt financings or credit facilities. A small portion of our cash equivalents at year end were invested in funds that had exposure to sub-prime assets, however, were settled for no loss subsequent to year end. We may not be able to obtain additional financings or credit facilities, or if these funds are available, they may not be available on satisfactory terms.

We currently anticipate that we will make capital expenditures of approximately $67.5 million in 2008.

Other Significant Cash Obligations

The following table summarizes our scheduled contractual commitments that will affect our future liquidity as of December 31, 2007:

 

     Total    Payments Due By Period
(in millions)       Less than
1 Year
   1-3 Years    4-5 Years    More
than 5 Years

Operating Leases(1)

   $ 2.3    $ 1.3    $ 0.8    $ 0.2    $ 0.0

Deferred Compensation(2)

     1.4                     1.4

Other Obligations(3)

     2.6                     2.6
                                  

Total

   $ 6.3    $ 1.3    $ 0.8    $ 0.2    $ 4.0
                                  

 

(1)

The amounts presented represent leases of certain equipment, office and manufacturing space under operating leases. The amounts presented in this line item represent commitments for minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases.

 

(2)

The amount presented represents the liability for our Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Plan”) established in October 2004. The Plan provides employees who are eligible to participate and the members of the Board of Directors with the opportunity to defer a specified percentage of their

 

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cash compensation. The deferred earnings are invested at the discretion of each participating employee or director and the deferred compensation we are also obligated to deliver is adjusted for increases or decreases in the deferred amount due to such investment. We include the asset deferred by the participants ($1.4 million) in the “Other noncurrent assets, net” line item of our consolidated balance sheet and our obligation to deliver the deferred compensation in the “Other long-term liabilities” line item on our consolidated balance sheet.

 

(3)

The balance represents the pension liability of our German subsidiary, net of the unrealized gain loss on our liability ($2.6 million). The pension liability becomes payable when the covered employees reach the age of 60 or 65. The liability was acquired through our purchase of the GaAs business of Infineon in 2002. We elected to secure the liability through a reinsurance program supported by us. We have included the reinsurance receivables ($2.9 million) in the “Other noncurrent assets, net” line item on our consolidated balance sheet and our obligation to deliver the pension obligation in the “Other long-term liabilities” line item on our consolidated balance sheet.

As of December 31, 2007, we had approximately $10.2 million in net unrecognized tax liabilities, which are included as “Long term income tax liability” in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. While we have considered the impact of this obligation, we generally do not anticipate that settlement of the liabilities will require payment of cash within the next twelve months. Further, we are not able to reasonably estimate the timing of any cash payments required to settle these liabilities, and do not believe that the ultimate settlement of these obligations will materially affect our liquidity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (SFAS No. 157). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and enhances fair value measurement disclosure. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) 157-1, “Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurements for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13” (FSP 157-1) and FSP 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (FSP 157-2). FSP 157-1 amends SFAS No. 157 to remove certain leasing transactions from its scope. FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually), until the beginning of the first quarter of fiscal 2009. We will adopt SFAS No. 157 effective January 1, 2008 and 2009 as applicable. We are currently assessing the effects that SFAS No. 157 will have on its financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” Under SFAS No. 159 entities will have the option to measure certain financial instruments and other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. This statement expands the use of fair value measurement and applies to entities that elect the fair value option at a specified election date. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. We will adopt SFAS No. 159 effective January 1, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact, if any, the adoption of this statement will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations.” SFAS No. 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. SFAS No. 141(R) also establishes disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year that begins after December 15, 2008, and we will adopt SFAS No. 141(R) effective as of January 1, 2009. We do not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 141(R) will have material impact on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

Cash Equivalents

Our investments in cash equivalents are classified as available-for-sale securities and are comprised of highly rated, short term investments, such as money market funds, in accordance with an investment policy approved by our board of directors. All of these investments are held at fair value. We do not hold or issue derivatives, derivative commodity instruments or other financial instruments for speculative trading purposes. In addition, at December 31, 2007, we did not have any investments in auction-rate securities. Further, we do not believe that our results of operations would be materially impacted by an immediate 10% change in interest rates.

The following table shows the fair values of our investments as of December 31, 2007:

 

(in millions)    Cost    Fair Value

Cash and cash equivalents (including unrealized losses of less than $0.01)

   $ 203.5    $ 203.5

Foreign Currency Risk

We are exposed to currency exchange rate fluctuations, as we sell our products internationally and have operations in Costa Rica and Germany. We manage the sensitivity of our international sales, purchases of raw materials and equipment and our Costa Rican operations by denominating most transactions in U.S. dollars. We engage in limited foreign currency hedging transactions, principally to lock in the cost of purchase commitments and to hedge material cash flows that are not denominated in U.S. dollars, in accordance with a foreign exchange risk management policy approved by our Board of Directors. We primarily use currency forward contracts for this purpose. This hedging activity will reduce, but may not always entirely eliminate, the impact of currency exchange movements. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the notional amounts of forward currency exchange contracts outstanding were approximately $3.2 million and $4.1 million, respectively, both of which were designated as cash flow hedges. We had no contracts designated as fair value hedges at December 31, 2007 or 2006.

 

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Financial Data

Our consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, together with the reports of our independent registered public accounting firm, are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K on pages F-1 through F-39.

 

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

 

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and that such information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms. Management has determined that there were no significant changes to our internal control over financial reporting during the year or

 

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quarter ended December 31, 2007 that materially effected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining an adequate system of internal control over financial reporting for us pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Section 404) and as implemented in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:

 

   

pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company;

 

   

provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and

 

   

provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

We have adopted the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) framework to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Management’s evaluation of the results of testing included consideration of susceptibility to loss or fraud, subjectivity, complexity, the extent of judgment, the amount and volume of the transactions exposed to the deficiency, the existence of mitigating controls, the cause of detected exceptions, how the exception was detected, the pervasiveness of the exception, the significance of the deviation from policy, and the frequency of exceptions relative to the frequency of operation.

Indicators of deficiencies that may be material weaknesses and are at least significant include restatement, material misstatement in the current period, ineffective Audit Committee oversight, ineffective internal audit function, identification of fraud of any magnitude by management, significant deficiencies that remain uncorrected for some period of time, ineffective control environment, and the aggregate effect of all deficiencies.

As of December 31, 2007, management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, and concluded that such control over financial reporting was effective. There were no material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting that have been identified by management. Our independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP has issued an audit report on internal control over financial reporting. Their report on the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting is included with the audited financial statements.

 

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

 

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PART III

 

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Officers

The biographical information concerning our executive officers, including their ages as of March 1, 2008, is set forth below:

 

Name

   Age   

Current Position(s) with Company

   Position Held
Since

Ralph G. Quinsey

   52   

President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

   2002

Steven J. Buhaly

   51   

Chief Financial Officer

   2007

Brian P. Balut

   42   

Vice President, Networks

   2006

Deborah Burke

   53   

Vice President, Human Resources

   2007

Thomas V. Cordner

   63   

Vice President, Military and Texas Operations

   2006

Todd A. DeBonis

   43   

Vice President, Worldwide Sales and Customer Service

   2006

Timothy A. Dunn

   46   

Vice President, Handsets

   2006

Bruce R. Fournier

   51   

Vice President, Business Development

   2006

J. David Pye

   57   

Vice President, Oregon Operations

   2006

Glen A. Riley

   45   

Vice President, Commercial Foundry and Supply Chain Management

   2006

J. Michael Sanna

   55   

Vice President, Networks

   2006

Azhar Waseem

   54   

Vice President, Florida Operations

   2006

Ralph G. Quinsey joined TriQuint in July 2002 as President, Chief Executive Officer and Director. From September 1999 to January 2002, Mr. Quinsey was with ON Semiconductor, a manufacturer of semiconductors for a wide array of applications, as Vice President and General Manager of the Analog Division. From 1979 to September 1999, Mr. Quinsey was with Motorola, a manufacturer of semiconductors and communications equipment holding various positions including Vice President and General Manager of the RF/IF Circuits Division, which developed both silicon and GaAs technologies for wireless phone applications. Mr. Quinsey received a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Marquette University.

Steven J.Buhaly joined TriQuint in September 2007 as Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Buhaly has more than 20 years experience in finance and operations. Prior to joining TriQuint Mr. Buhaly was Chief Financial Officer at Longview Fibre Company from 2005 to 2007. He joined Planar Systems in 1999 as Medical Business Vice President. From 2000 to 2005 while also at Planar Systems, he served first as Chief Financial Officer then Chief Operating Officer. Prior to 1999 he held positions of increasing responsibility in finance and operations at Tektronix. Mr. Buhaly received B.S. and M.B.A. degrees from the University of Washington.

Brian P. Balut joined TriQuint in July 2001 as Vice President, Sales and Marketing, Sawtek Inc. as a result of TriQuint’s merger with Sawtek and served as Vice President, Sales and Marketing of TriQuint from 2002 to May 2004. In May 2004, Mr. Balut was promoted to Vice President, Sawtek. As part of the organizational restructuring in 2006, Mr. Balut was named Vice President, Networks. Mr. Balut joined Sawtek, Inc. in October 1994 as Sales Manager. He was promoted to Director of Sales and Marketing in November 1996 and to Vice President Sales and Marketing in September 1998 and assumed overall corporate responsibility for this function in July 2002. From 1987 to 1994, Mr. Balut held various positions in sales, marketing and engineering with REMEC, a manufacturer of electronic components. Mr. Balut received a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a M.B.A. from Rollins College.

Deborah Burke joined TriQuint Semiconductor in May of 2007 as Vice President of Human Resources. From 2003 to 2007, Ms. Burke was Vice President of Human Resources for Merix Corporation.

 

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Before her Merix Corporation tenure, from 2001 to 2002 she was Human Resources Vice President for Unicru of Beaverton, Oregon and prior to that time, worked at Intel Corporation from 1991-2001 in managerial and director positions. Ms. Burke holds a B.A. in economics from Smith College and received her M.B.A degree from the University of Vermont.

Thomas V. Cordner joined TriQuint in January 1998 as Vice President and General Manager, Millimeter Wave Communications as a result of TriQuint’s acquisition of Raytheon’s MMIC operations and was promoted to Vice President, TriQuint Texas in May 2002. As part of the organizational restructuring in 2006, Mr. Cordner was named Vice President, Military and Texas Operations. From July 1997 to January 1998, Mr. Cordner served as Operations Manager for Raytheon, heading its GaAs MMIC operations. Prior to that time, Mr. Cordner was an employee of Texas Instruments, a semiconductor and communications equipment manufacturer, for 32 years, most recently as the Operations Manager for its GaAs Operations Group from January 1991 to July 1997. Mr. Cordner received a B.S. degree in Mathematics from the University of Texas at Arlington.

Todd A. DeBonis joined TriQuint in April 2004 as Vice President, Worldwide Sales. In 2006, Mr. DeBonis became Vice President, Worldwide Sales and Customer Service. From February 2002 to April 2004, Mr. DeBonis held the position of Vice President, Worldwide Sales and Marketing at Centillium Communications. Mr. DeBonis also served as the Vice President, Worldwide Sales for Ishoni Networks and Vice President, Sales & Marketing for the Communications Division of Infineon Technologies North America. Mr. DeBonis has a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Nevada.

Timothy A. Dunn joined TriQuint in July 2006 as Vice President, Handsets. Prior to joining TriQuint, Mr. Dunn was Vice President and General Manager of Intel’s Platform Components Group. Mr. Dunn worked at Intel from 1988 to 1991, and again from 1994 to 2006, holding various executive and managerial positions. In addition to his Intel tenure, he has held marketing and product management positions with Hewlett-Packard and Cirrus Logic. Mr. Dunn holds an M.B.A. from the Amos Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College and a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Oregon State University.

Bruce R. Fournier joined TriQuint during its start-up phase in June 1987 as Area Sales Manager. Since that time, he has held a variety of positions including National Sales Manager, Wireless Products from 1991 to 1994, Director of Worldwide Sales from early 1994 to September 1994, Vice President, Worldwide Sales from September 1994 to June 1998 and Vice President and General Manager, Foundry Services from June 1998 until May 2002. Mr. Fournier was named Vice President, TriQuint Oregon in May 2002 and held that position until 2006 when Mr. Fournier was named Vice President, Business Development. Prior to joining TriQuint, Mr. Fournier held engineering, sales and marketing management positions with Fairchild Semiconductor, Weitek Corporation and Honeywell, Inc. Mr. Fournier received an A.S. degree in Electrical Engineering and a B.S. degree in Business Administration from the University of Maine and a M.B.A. from the University of Southern Maine.

J. David Pye joined TriQuint in May 1996 as Vice President, Manufacturing and in May 2002 was named Vice President, TriQuint Oregon. As part of the organizational restructuring in 2006, Mr. Pye was named Vice President, Oregon Operations. From 1983 until 1996, Mr. Pye was Vice President and General Manager at VLSI Technology, Inc., a semiconductor company, where he served in various capacities. From 1973 to 1983, Mr. Pye served in various roles in process engineering and process development at Texas Instruments. Mr. Pye received a B.A. degree from Napier College of Science and Technology, Edinburgh, Scotland.

Glen A. Riley joined TriQuint in January 2003 as Vice President of the Company’s former optoelectronics business and in June 2005 was named Vice President, Business Development. As part of the organizational restructuring in 2006, Mr. Riley was named Vice President, Commercial Foundry and supply Chain Management. From December 2001 to August 2002, Mr. Riley served as the President and CEO of Opticalis, a venture-funded start-up company developing optical communication sub-systems. Mr. Riley also spent six years with Agere Systems, a semiconductor and optical component manufacturer, as Vice

 

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President of Optical Core Networks, Vice President of Sales for the Asia-Pacific region, and as General Manager of the Storage Products group. Before Agere, Mr. Riley held general management, marketing and sales positions at Philips Semiconductors, AT&T Microelectronics and Texas Instruments. Mr. Riley holds a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Maine and completed the General Manager Program at Harvard Business School.

J. Michael Sanna joined TriQuint in January 1998 as Director of Business Development for the Texas operation as a result of TriQuint’s acquisition of Raytheon’s MMIC operations. In May 2002 he was promoted to Vice President, TriQuint Texas. In May 2006, Mr. Sanna was named Vice President, Networks. From July 1997 to January 1998, Mr. Sanna served as the Wafer Fabrication Operations Manager for Raytheon, heading its GaAs MMIC manufacturing operations. Prior to that time, Mr. Sanna was an employee of Texas Instruments for 17 years, most recently as the Wafer Fabrication Operations manager for its GaAs Operations Group from January 1994 to July 1997. Mr. Sanna received B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin and Southern Methodist University, respectively, and a M.A. degree in Administrative Studies from Southeastern Oklahoma State University.

Azhar Waseem joined TriQuint in July 2001 as Vice President, Sawtek Inc. as a result of TriQuint’s merger with Sawtek. Mr. Waseem joined Sawtek in March 1995 as Director of Wafer Fabrication and was promoted to Vice President of Manufacturing in April 1998 and to Vice President of Operations in October 1999. In May 2002 he was promoted to Vice President, Sawtek. As part of the organizational restructuring in 2006, Mr. Waseem was named Vice President, Florida Operations. From 1989 to 1994, Mr. Waseem held various operations and engineering positions with Siliconix, Inc., a microelectronics manufacturer based in Santa Clara, California. From 1986 to 1989, Mr. Waseem held various engineering positions with General Electric. Mr. Waseem received B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering and a M.B.A., all from the University of Minnesota.

Additional information required by this item will be included in our definitive Proxy Statement under the captions Report of the Audit Committee, Election of Directors, Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance and Corporate Governance and Other Matters, to be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the conclusion of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 (April 30, 2008) pursuant to General Instructions G(3) of Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 11. Executive Compensation

We maintain employee compensation programs and benefit plans in which our executive officers are participants. Copies of certain of these plans and programs are set forth or incorporated by reference as Exhibits to this report. Information required by Item 11 will be included in our definitive Proxy Statement under the caption Executive Compensation Discussion and Analysis, Executive Compensation Detail, Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation and the Compensation Committee Report, to be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the conclusion of the year ended December 31, 2007 pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Information required by this item will be included under the caption Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters contained in our definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the conclusion of the year ended December 31, 2007 pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Information required by this item will be included under the caption Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence contained in our definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the

 

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Commission within 120 days after the conclusion of the year ended December 31, 2007 pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Information required by this item is included under the caption Ratification of Independent Auditors contained in our definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Commission within 120 days after the conclusion of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 pursuant to General Instruction G(3) of Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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PART IV

 

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a)    Documents filed as part of this report:

1.    Consolidated Financial Statements.    The following consolidated financial statements of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. and its subsidiaries, together with the report thereon of KPMG LLP, required to be filed pursuant to Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K, are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K on pages F-1 through F-39:

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm;

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005;

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2007 and 2006;

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005;

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005; and

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

2.    Consolidated Financial Statement Schedule.    The following consolidated financial statement schedule of TriQuint Semiconductor and its subsidiaries required to be filed pursuant to Part IV, Item 15 of this Form 10-K, is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K on pages S-1 and S-2:

Schedule II—Consolidated Valuation and Qualifying Accounts; and

Report and Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto.

3.    Exhibits.

 

Exhibit No.   

Description

3.1    Certificate of Incorporation, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-B (File No. 000-22660) as declared effective by the SEC on February 18, 1997.
3.1.1    Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-22660) for the period ended September 30, 2000 filed with the SEC on November 13, 2000.
3.1.2    Certificate of Correction to Certificate of Incorporation, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-62062) declared effective by the SEC on June 13, 2001.
3.1.3    Certificate of Designation of Series A Participating Preferred Stock, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-62062) declared effective by the SEC on June 13, 2001.
3.1.4    Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-62062) declared effective by the SEC on June 13, 2001.
3.2    Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant. ±

 

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Exhibit No.   

Description

4.1      Preferred Shares Rights Agreement, dated as of June 30, 1998 between Registrant and ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, L.L.C., including the Certificate of Determination, the form of Rights Certificate and the Summary of Rights attached thereto as Exhibits A, B, and C, respectively, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-A (File No. 000-22660) as declared effective by the SEC on July 24, 1998.
10.18    1996 Stock Incentive Program and forms of agreement thereunder, incorporated herein by this reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-81273) as declared effective by the SEC on June 22, 1999, as amended by the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-39730), as declared effective by the SEC on June 20, 2000, as amended by the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-61582), as declared effective by the SEC on May 24, 2001, as amended by the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-105701), as declared effective by the SEC on May 30, 2003 and incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-22660) for the period ended September 30, 2003 filed with the SEC on November 4, 2003, as amended and restated effective February 2005 by the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on May 17, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference to Appendix A to the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A for the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 6, 2005, as amended on March 4, 2008.±
10.19    Form of Indemnification Agreement executed by Registrant and its officers and directors pursuant to Delaware reincorporation, incorporated herein by this reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-B (File No. 000-22660) as declared effective by the SEC on February 18, 1997.
10.22    1998 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan and forms of agreement thereunder, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-102085) as declared effective by the SEC on December 20, 2002 and incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-22660) for the period ended September 30, 2003 filed with the SEC on November 4, 2003.
10.23    1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and forms of agreement thereunder, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-66707) as declared effective by the SEC on November 3, 1998, as amended by the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-39732), as declared effective by the SEC on June 20, 2000, and by the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-61582), as declared effective by the SEC on May 24, 2001.
10.33    Sawtek Inc. Employee Stock Ownership and 401(k) Plan, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-22660) for the period ended June 30, 2002 filed with the SEC on August 13, 2002.
10.34    Sawtek Inc. 2000 Implementation Agreement, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-65850) as declared effective by the SEC on July 25, 2001.
10.35    Sawtek Inc. 2000 Modified ESOP Loan Agreement, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-65850) as declared effective by the SEC on July 25, 2001.
10.36    Sawtek Inc. 2000 Renewed ESOP Note, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-65850) as declared effective by the SEC on July 25, 2001.

 

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Exhibit No.   

Description

10.37    Sawtek Inc. Second Stock Option Plan, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-65850) as declared effective by the SEC on July 25, 2001.
10.38    Sawtek Inc. Stock Option Plan for Acquired Companies, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-65850) as declared effective by the SEC on July 25, 2001.
10.40*    Amended Sale and Transfer Agreement between Infineon Technologies AG, Infineon Technologies North America Corp., Registrant and TriQuint GmbH dated as of April 29, 2002, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on July 15, 2002.
10.41    Letter Agreement dated June 28, 2002 between Registrant and Ralph G. Quinsey, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-22660) for the period ended June 30, 2002 filed with the SEC on August 13, 2002.
10.42    Asset Purchase Agreement by and between Agere Systems Inc. and Registrant dated as of October 21, 2002, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on January 17, 2003.
10.42.1    Amendment No. 1 to Asset Purchase Agreement by and between Agere Systems Inc. and Registrant dated as of January 2, 2003, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on January 17, 2003.
10.42.2    Assignment and Bill of Sale and Assumption Agreement by and between Agere Systems Inc. and TriQuint Optoelectronics, Inc. dated as of January 2, 2003, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on January 17, 2003
10.42.3    Assignment and Bill of Sale and Assumption Agreement by and between Agere Systems Inc. and TriQuint Technology Holding Co. dated as of January 2, 2003, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on January 17, 2003.
10.43.4    Intellectual Property Agreement by and between Agere Systems Inc. and Registrant dated as of January 2, 2003, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on January 17, 2003.
10.43.5    Purchase Agreement by and between Agere Systems Inc. and Registrant dated as of January 2, 2003, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on January 17, 2003.
10.43.7    Equity Purchase Agreement by and among Agere Systems Inc., Agere Systems International, LLC, Registrant, TriQuint International Holding Co., TriQuint International Holding LLC and Agere Systems de Mexico, S. DE R.L. DE C.V. dated as of January 2, 2003, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on January 17, 2003.
10.45    Letter Agreement dated April 9, 2004 between Registrant and Todd A. DeBonis, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-22660) for the period ended March 31, 2004 filed with the SEC on May 10, 2004.

 

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Exhibit No.   

Description

10.46    TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on November 2, 2004.
10.47    Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Sawtek Inc., TFR Acquisition, Inc., and TFR Technologies, Inc., dated as of December 14, 2004, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-22660) for the year ended December 31, 2005 filed with the SEC on March 15, 2005.
10.47.1    Amendment No. 1 to Agreement and Plan of Reorganization by and among Sawtek Inc., TFR Acquisition, Inc., and TFR Technologies, Inc., dated as of January 6, 2005, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-22660) for the year ended December 31, 2005 filed with the SEC on March 15, 2005.
10.48*    Purchase and Sale Agreement by and between TriQuint Optoelectronics, Inc. and Anthem Partners, LLC, dated as of March 7, 2005, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-22660) for the year ended December 31, 2005 filed with the SEC on March 15, 2005.
10.49    Asset Purchase Agreement by and between Registrant and CyOptics, Inc., incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-22660) for the period ended March 31, 2005 filed with the SEC on May 11, 2005.
10.51    TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. Management Incentive Plan, dated as of March 2, 2006, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-22660) for the year ended December 31, 2006 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2006.
10.52    Letter Agreement dated June 9, 2006 between Registrant and Timothy A. Dunn, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on July 13, 2006.
10.53    TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. 2007 Management Incentive Plan, dated as of November 15, 2006 incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-22660) for the year ended December 31, 2006 filed with the SEC on March 15, 2007.
10.54    2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and forms of agreement thereunder incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 000-22660) for the year ended December 31, 2006 filed with the SEC on March 15, 2007.
10.55    Letter Agreement dated September 12, 2007 between Registrant and Steven J Buhaly, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-22660) for filed with the SEC on September 17, 2007.
10.56    TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. Change in Control Policy, dated November 8, 2007 as amended on March 4, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to the corresponding exhibit to the Registrant Current Report on Form 8K (File No. 000-22660) filed with the SEC on March 10, 2008.
10.57    Agreement and Plan of Merger between TriQuint Semiconductor Inc, ML Acquisition, Inc and WJ Communications, Inc. dated as of March 9, 2008. ±
21.1    Subsidiaries of the Registrant±
23.1    Report and Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm±
24.1    Power of Attorney±
31.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended±

 

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Exhibit No.   

Description

31.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended±
32.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley act of 2002±

 

* Confidential treatment has been granted with respect to certain portions of this exhibit. Omitted portions have been filed separately with the SEC.

 

± Included in this Report

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

   

TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

Dated: March 11, 2008

   

By:

 

/s/ RALPH G. QUINSEY

     

Ralph G. Quinsey

President and Chief Executive Officer

Dated: March 11, 2008

   

By:

 

/s/ STEVEN J. BUHALY

     

Steven J. Buhaly

Vice President of Finance and Administration,

Secretary and Chief Financial Officer

 

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POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Ralph Quinsey and Steven Buhaly, jointly and severally, his attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/ RALPH G. QUINSEY

Ralph G. Quinsey

  

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

  March 11, 2008

/s/ STEVEN J.BUHALY

Steven J. Buhaly

  

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

  March 11, 2008

/s/ STEVEN J. SHARP

Steven J. Sharp

   Chairman of the Board   March 11, 2008

/s/ PAUL A. GARY

Paul A. Gary

   Director   March 11, 2008

/s/ CHARLES SCOTT GIBSON

Charles Scott Gibson

   Director   March 11, 2008

/s/ NICOLAS KAUSER

Nicolas Kauser

   Director   March 11, 2008

/s/ WALDEN C. RHINES

Walden C. Rhines

   Director   March 11, 2008

/s/ WILLIS C. YOUNG

Willis C. Young

   Director   March 11, 2008

 

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CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Ralph G. Quinsey, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

/s/ RALPH G. QUINSEY

Ralph G. Quinsey

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: March 11, 2008

 

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CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, Steven J. Buhaly certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

/S/    STEVEN J. BUHALY        

Steven J. Buhaly

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Date: March 11, 2008

 

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CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION

1350 OF CHAPTER 63 OF TITLE 18

OF THE UNITED STATES CODE AS

ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the filing of the Annual Report on Form 10-K of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. (“TriQuint”) for the year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (“the Report”), each of the undersigned officers of TriQuint, hereby certifies, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of TriQuint.

The undersigned have executed this Certification effective as of March 11, 2008.

 

/S/    RALPH G. QUINSEY        

Ralph G. Quinsey

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

/S/    STEVEN J. BUHALY        

Steven J. Buhaly

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

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TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Contents

 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2

Financial Statements:

  

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005

   F-4

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006

   F-5

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005

   F-6

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005

   F-7

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-8

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007. We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control

 

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over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

As discussed in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes and adopted Emerging Issues Task Force Issue (EITF) No. 06-02, Accounting for Sabbatical Leave and Other Similar Benefits Pursuant to FASB Statement No. 43.

As discussed in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123(R), Share-Based Payments.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Portland, OR

March 11, 2008

 

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TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2007     2006     2005  

Revenues

   $ 475,776     $ 401,793     $ 294,787  

Cost of goods sold

     324,476       277,860       210,446  
                        

Gross profit

     151,300       123,933       84,341  

Operating expenses:

      

Research, development and engineering

     65,361       50,283       46,706  

Selling, general and administrative

     61,993       55,223       46,565  

In process research and development

     7,600              

Reduction in workforce

                 341  

Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill

                 31  

Loss (gain) on disposal of equipment

     127       (527 )     (505 )

Acquisition related charges

           63       1,654  
                        

Total operating expenses

     135,081       105,042       94,792  
                        

Income (loss) from operations

     16,219       18,891       (10,451 )
                        

Other income (expense):

      

Interest income

     9,928       15,627       11,441  

Interest expense

     (1,646 )     (9,891 )     (9,846 )

Foreign currency gain (loss)

     343       (90 )     4  

Impairment charge—investments in other companies

                 (155 )

Gain on recovery of previously impaired investment

           142       954  

Gain on retirement of debt

                 114  

Other, net

     80       (132 )     163  
                        

Total other income, net

     8,705       5,656       2,675  
                        

Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income tax

     24,924       24,547       (7,776 )
                        

Income tax expense (benefit)

     1,530       2,796       (3,573 )
                        

Income (loss) from continuing operations

     23,394       21,751       (4,203 )

Discontinued operations:

      

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

                 8,183  
                        

Net income

   $ 23,394     $ 21,751     $ 3,980  
                        

Basic per share net income (loss):

      

Income (loss) from continuing operations

   $ 0.17     $ 0.16     $ (0.03 )

Income from discontinued operations

                 0.06  
                        
   $ 0.17     $ 0.16     $ 0.03  
                        

Diluted per share net income (loss):

      

Income (loss) from continuing operations

   $ 0.16     $ 0.15     $ (0.03 )

Income from discontinued operations

                 0.06  
                        
   $ 0.16     $ 0.15     $ 0.03  
                        

Common equivalent shares:

      

Basic

     140,189       139,236       139,566  

Diluted

     142,490       141,189       139,566  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)

 

     December 31,  
     2007    2006  

ASSETS

     

Current assets:

     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 203,501    $ 133,918  

Investments in marketable securities

          239,314  

Accounts receivable, net

     73,185      64,688  

Inventories

     67,231      84,879  

Prepaid expenses

     4,778      6,071  

Other current assets

     10,890      8,907  
               

Total current assets

     359,585      537,777  

Property, plant and equipment, net

     204,553      200,346  

Goodwill and intangible assets, net

     10,309      4,363  

Other noncurrent assets, net

     12,014      11,929  
               

Total assets

   $ 586,461    $ 754,415  
               

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

     

Current liabilities:

     

Accounts payable

   $ 29,423    $ 30,112  

Accrued payroll

     17,179      12,007  

Income tax liability

          9,202  

Other accrued liabilities

     9,875      12,151  

Convertible subordinated notes

          218,755  
               

Total current liabilities

     56,477      282,227  

Long-term liabilities:

     

Long-term income tax liability

     10,193       

Other long-term liabilities

     4,943      4,741  
               

Total liabilities

     71,613      286,968  

Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)

     

Stockholders’ equity:

     

Common stock, $.001 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized, 142,903,784 shares and 138,498,762 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively

     143      138  

Additional paid-in capital

     496,083      471,588  

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     671      (290 )

Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)

     17,951      (3,989 )
               

Total stockholders’ equity

     514,848      467,447  
               

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 586,461    $ 754,415  
               

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands)

 

    Common Stock     Additional
Paid-in
Capital
    Accumulated
Other

Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
    Retained
Earnings

(Accumulated
Deficit)
    Total
Stockholders’

Equity
 
    Shares     Amount          

Balance, December 31, 2004

  138,774       139       472,675       (1,707 )     (29,720 )     441,387  

Issuance of common stock under plans

  2,306       2       6,669                   6,671  

Accumulated other comprehensive income

                    (1,428 )           (1,428 )

Net income

                          3,980       3,980  
                                             

Balance, December 31, 2005

  141,080     $ 141     $ 479,344     $ (3,135 )   $ (25,740 )   $ 450,610  

Issuance of common stock under plans

  2,690       2       8,124                   8,126  

Stock based compensation expense

              9,115                   9,115  

Share repurchase

  (5,271 )     (5 )     (24,995 )         (25,000 )

Accumulated other comprehensive income

                    2,845             2,845  

Net income

                          21,751       21,751  
                                             

Balance, December 31, 2006

  138,499     $ 138     $ 471,588     $ (290 )   $ (3,989 )   $ 467,447  

Cumulative effect of adjustment to initially apply EITF 06-02

                          (1,454 )     (1,454 )

Issuance of common stock under plans

  4,405       5       16,007                   16,012  

Stock based compensation expense

              8,488                   8,488  

Accumulated other comprehensive income

                    961             961  

Net income

                          23,394       23,394  
                                             

Balance, December 31, 2007

  142,904     $ 143     $ 496,083     $ 671     $ 17,951     $ 514,848  
                                             

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2007     2006     2005  

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net income

   $ 23,394     $ 21,751     $ 3,980  

Net income from discontinued operations, net of tax

                 (8,183 )

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Depreciation and amortization

     29,669       31,465       34,860  

Stock-based compensation charges

     8,488       9,115        

Tax benefit allocated to continuing operations

                 (4,816 )

In-process research and development

     7,600              

Other

     127       (669 )     (1,387 )

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of assets acquired:

      

Accounts receivable, net

     (8,024 )     (13,402 )     (15,065 )

Inventories

     19,142       (35,495 )     654  

Other assets

     (340 )     (1,855 )     (6,273 )

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

     (836 )     11,288       13,902  
                        

Net cash provided by continuing operations

     79,220       22,198       17,672  

Net cash used in discontinued operations

                 (3,262 )
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     79,220       22,198       14,410  

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Purchase of available-for-sale investments

     (104,877 )     (337,107 )     (501,883 )

Maturity / sale of available-for-sale investments

     344,584       403,438       496,165  

Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired

     (14,747 )     (2,316 )     (2,716 )

Proceeds from sale of assets

     641       590       2,224  

Capital expenditures

     (32,495 )     (39,741 )     (22,334 )
                        

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations

     193,106       24,864       (28,544 )

Proceeds from the sale of discontinued operations, net of fees

                 22,520  

Net cash provided by discontinued operations

                 4,073  
                        

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     193,106       24,864       (1,951 )

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Principal payments under capital lease and installment note obligations

                 (275 )

Repurchase/retirement of convertible subordinated notes

     (218,755 )           (4,844 )

Repurchase of common stock

           (25,000 )      

Issuance of common stock

     16,012       8,126       6,671  
                        

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

     (202,743 )     (16,874 )     1,552  
                        

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

     69,583       30,188       14,011  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

     133,918       103,730       89,719  
                        

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   $ 203,501     $ 133,918     $ 103,730  
                        

Supplemental disclosures:

      

Cash paid for interest

   $ 4,375     $ 8,750     $ 8,898  

Cash paid for income taxes

   $ 1,456     $ 1,855     $ 620  

Cumulative effect of adjustment to initially apply EITF 06-02

   $ 1,454     $     $  

Preferred stock received in sale of discontinued operations

   $     $     $ 4,500  

Fair value of note receivable from sale of discontinued operations

   $     $     $ 3,341  

Payable due from business acquisition

   $     $     $ 2,263  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

 

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TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands unless otherwise noted, except per share amounts)

Note 1.    The Company

TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. (the “Company”) is a supplier of high performance modules and components for communications applications. The Company’s focus is on the specialized expertise, materials and know-how of radio frequency (“RF”) and other high and intermediate frequency applications. The Company’s primary markets include handsets, networks and military systems. The Company provides customers with standard and custom products as well as foundry services. The Company’s products are designed on various wafer substrates including compound semiconductor materials such as gallium arsenide (“GaAs”) and piezoelectric crystals such as lithium tantalate (“LiTaO3”) and use a variety of process technologies including heterojunction bipolar transistor (“HBT”), pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (“pHEMT”), surface acoustic wave (“SAW”) and bulk acoustic wave (“BAW”). The Company’s customers include major communication companies worldwide.

Note 2.    Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements for the periods presented include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, including; TFR Technologies, Inc., TriQuint, Inc., TriQuint S.R.L., TriQuint Semiconductor Texas LP, TriQuint Sales and Design, Inc. TriQuint Colorado, Inc., TriQuint Semiconductor GmbH, TriQuint Asia, TriQuint International Holding Co, TriQuint Technology Holding Co, TriQuint Texas General Holding Company, TriQuint Texas Limited Holding Company, Triquint (Shanghai) Trading Co. Ltd., TriQuint Semiconductor Japan TYK and Sawtek Sweden AB. Investments in which the Company does not exercise significant influence are recorded at cost (generally less than a 20% interest). The Company has no investments in which it exercises significant influence but which it does not control (20% to 50% ownership interest). All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Management Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Examples of such estimates include, but are not limited to, sales returns reserves, inventory reserves, income tax valuation allowance, investment impairments, impairments of goodwill and long-lived assets and commitments and contingencies. On a regular basis, the Company reviews its estimates to ensure the estimates appropriately reflect changes in its business or as new information becomes available. Management believes that these estimates are reasonable; however, actual results could materially differ from these estimates.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues are primarily derived from the sale of standard and customer-specific products and foundry services. The Company also receives revenue from non-recurring engineering fees and cost-plus contracts for research and development work, which collectively has been less than 5% of consolidated revenue for any period. The Company’s distribution channels include its direct sales staff, manufacturers’ representative firms, and distributors. Revenues from the Company’s distributors in 2007, 2006 and 2005 were

 

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approximately $44,937, $7,673 and $3,900, respectively, and are recognized when the product is sold to the distributor. The Company’s distribution agreements provide for selling prices that are fixed at the date of sale, although the Company offers price protections which are specific, of a fixed duration and reserved for by the Company. Further, the distributors are obligated to pay the amount and the price or payment obligation is not contingent on reselling the product; the distributors take title to the product and bear substantially all of the risks of ownership; the distributors have economic substance; the Company has no significant obligations for future performance to bring about resale; and the amount of future returns can be reasonably estimated. The Company allows its distributors to return products for warranty reasons; and stock rotation rights, within certain limitations, and reserve for such instances. Customers however can only return product for warranty reasons. If the Company is unable to repair or replace products returned under warranty, the Company will issue a credit for a warranty return.

The Company receives periodic reports from customers who utilize inventory hubs and recognizes revenues when the customers acknowledge they have pulled inventory from its hub, the point at which title to the product passes to the customer.

Revenues from foundry services and non-recurring engineering fees are recorded when the service is completed. Revenues from cost plus contracts are recognized as costs are incurred.

Revenues from standard and customer-specific products are recognized when title to the products pass to the buyer. Revenues from foundry services and non-recurring engineering fees are recorded when the service is completed or upon certain milestones as provided for in the agreements. Revenues from cost plus contracts are recognized in a manner so that the fees will reasonably reflect assured realization as the production is completed.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and payables and forward currency contracts, all of which have carrying values that approximate their respective fair values.

Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid debt and other instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. These investments include money market funds. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company’s cash equivalents were $168,159 and $110,636, respectively.

Marketable Securities and Other Investments

The Company determines the appropriate classification of its investments at the time of acquisition and reevaluates such determination at each balance sheet date. The Company’s investment policy sets minimum credit quality criteria and maximum maturity limits on its investments to provide for safety of principal, liquidity and a reasonable rate of return. Investments for which maturity from the balance sheet date is greater than one year are classified as long-term investments in marketable securities. Available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value, based on current market valuations. Unrealized holding gains and losses, net of the related tax effect, on available-for-sale securities are excluded from earnings and are reported as a separate component of other comprehensive income until realized. Realized gains and losses are included in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of the securities sold.

At December 31, 2006 the Company’s investments consisted of U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies, municipal notes and bonds, corporate debt securities, auction rate preferred securities and other investments. All were classified as available-for-sale. At December 31, 2007 the Company held no balances in marketable securities or other investments.

 

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Trade Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company establishes an allowance for the trade accounts receivable which represents the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. The Company determines the allowance by performing on-going evaluations of its customers and their ability to make payments. The Company determines the adequacy of the allowance based on length of time past due, historical experience and judgment of economic conditions. Additionally, the Company has a credit policy that is applied to potential customers. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers.

Inventories

The Company states its inventories at the lower of cost or market. The Company uses a combination of standard cost and moving average cost methodologies to determine its cost basis for its inventories. This methodology approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis. In addition to stating inventory at the lower of cost or market, the Company also evaluates it each period for excess quantities and obsolescence. This evaluation, based on historical experience and the Company’s judgment of economic conditions, includes identifying those parts specifically identified as obsolete and reserving for them, analyzing forecasted demand versus quantities on hand and reserving for the excess, and identifying and recording other specific reserves.

Property, Plant & Equipment

Property, plant and equipment is recorded at cost. Machinery and equipment under capital leases is stated at the lower of the present value of the minimum lease payments at the beginning of the lease term or the fair value of the leased assets at the inception of the lease. Rent expense for operating leases is recorded on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease term. If a lease has a fixed and determinable escalation clause, the difference between rent expense and rent paid is recorded as deferred rent and is included in prepaid expenses on the consolidated balance sheets.

Depreciation is recorded using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are generally as follows: three to seven years for machinery and equipment, furniture and fixtures and computer equipment and software; 15 years for land improvements; 20 years for building equipment; and 39 years for buildings. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the estimated life of the asset or the term of the related lease, and are generally three to seven years. Asset lives are reviewed periodically to determine if appropriate and adjustments are made as necessary. Depreciation begins at the time assets are placed in service. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. For 2007, 2006 and 2005, the Company incurred depreciation expense of $28,869, $30,070 and $32,613, respectively.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of costs over fair value of the net assets of business acquired. Other intangible assets consist primarily of patents, developed technology and other intangibles with estimable useful lives, ranging from two to 10 years at the time of acquisition. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but instead reviewed at least annually for impairment. Intangible assets with estimable useful lives are amortized over their respective estimated lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.

The Company performs its annual goodwill impairment tests in the fourth quarter of the year, or more frequently if circumstances indicate potential impairment. The amount of impairment, if any, is recognized

 

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to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s fair value. Financing costs related to the issuance of debt are capitalized as other noncurrent assets, net and amortized to interest expense over the term of the related debt using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective interest method. See Note 8 for additional discussion of goodwill and other intangible assets.

Investments in Privately Held Companies

The Company accounts for these investments at cost unless their value has been determined to be other than temporarily impaired, in which case the investment is impaired to its current value. These investments are included in other non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheet. The Company reviews these investments periodically for impairment and makes appropriate reductions in carrying value when an other-than-temporary decline is evident; however, for non-marketable equity securities, the impairment analysis requires significant judgment. The Company evaluates the financial condition of the issuer, market conditions, and other factors providing an indication of the fair value of the investments. Adverse changes in market conditions or poor operating results of the issuer could result in additional other-than-temporary losses in future periods. See Note 13 for further discussion of impairments that have been recorded by the Company.

Research and Development Costs

The Company expenses research and development costs associated with the development of new products and processes when incurred. Engineering and design costs related to revenues on nonrecurring engineering services billed to customers are classified as cost of goods sold.

Litigation

The Company assesses the potential liabilities related to any lawsuits or claims brought against it. While it is typically very difficult to determine the ultimate outcome of such actions, the Company uses its best judgment to determine if it is probable that the Company will incur a loss related to the settlement or final adjudication of such matters. Further, where it is possible to reasonably estimate a probable loss, if any, the Company will make an accrual for the estimated loss. Due to the inherent uncertainties related to the eventual outcome of litigation, it is possible that certain matters may be resolved for amounts materially different from any provision or disclosure that have been previously made. All legal fees to defend such claims are expensed as incurred.

Advertising Costs

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred.

 

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Comprehensive Income

The Company has adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income. The objective of SFAS No. 130 is to report all changes in equity that result from transactions and economic events other than transactions with owners. The components of comprehensive income include unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale investments and unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges which are included as a separate component of stockholders’ equity until realized. Comprehensive income (loss) was as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2007    2006    2005  

Net income

   $ 23,394    $ 21,751    $ 3,980  

Other comprehensive income (loss):

        

Net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges

     104      194      (372 )

Net unrealized gain (loss) on available for sale investments

     395      2,651      (1,056 )

Net unrealized gain on pension obligations

     462            
                      

Comprehensive income

   $ 24,355    $ 24,596    $ 2,552  
                      

Net Income Per Share

Basic net income per share is calculated by dividing the net income for the period by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is calculated by dividing net income or net loss for the period by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, increased by potentially dilutive common shares (“dilutive securities”) that were outstanding during the period. Dilutive securities include options granted pursuant to the Company’s stock option plans and potential shares related to the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan and convertible subordinated debt. A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted net income per share calculations for 2007, 2006 and 2005 is presented in Note 7.

Income Taxes

The Company is subject to taxation from federal, state and international jurisdictions in which it operates and accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. This approach requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying value and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. A significant amount of management judgment is involved with the Company’s annual provision for income taxes and the calculation of resulting deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to “more likely than not” be realized in future tax returns. Tax law and rate changes are reflected in the period such changes are enacted. In January, 2008, the Company decided to make a $64,000 dividend distribution from the Costa Rica subsidiary. Of the $64,000 dividend, the majority was from previously taxed income and the remainder will be taxable in 2008, on which a deferred tax liability was established. No provision has been made for United States, individual state, or additional foreign income taxes related to approximately $96,520 of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries which have been or are intended to be permanently reinvested. It is not practicable to determine the United States federal income tax liability, if any, which would be payable if such earnings were not permanently reinvested.

 

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The Company evaluates liabilities for estimated tax exposures in jurisdictions of operation. Significant income tax exposures include potential challenges on foreign entities, merger, acquisition and disposition transactions and intercompany pricing. These are primarily settled through the completion of audits but can also be affected by other factors. Changes could cause management to find a revision of past estimates appropriate. The Company is not currently under a U.S. federal income tax audit. The last concluded U.S. federal income tax audit, for the U.S. consolidated tax group, was for years 2000 and 2001. A 2001 to 2003 German tax audit of the Company’s subsidiary, TriQuint Semiconductor GmbH, was completed during the third quarter of 2005 with no significant adjustments. Tax periods within the statutory period of limitations not previously audited are potentially open for examination by the taxing authorities. Potential liabilities associated with these years will be resolved when an event occurs to warrant closure, primarily through the completion of audits by the taxing jurisdictions and/or the expiration of the statutes of limitation. To the extent audits or other events result in a material adjustment to the accrued estimates, the effect would be recognized during the period of the event. Management believes that an appropriate estimated liability has been established for potential exposures.

The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets may not be realized. The Company considers future taxable income, a stable earnings history and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in determining the need for a valuation allowance. The Company evaluates the need for a valuation allowance on a regular basis and adjusts the balance as needed. These adjustments have an impact on the Company’s financial statements in the periods in which they are recorded. In 2002, the Company determined that a valuation allowance should be recorded against all of its deferred tax assets based on the criteria of SFAS No. 109 and as of December 31, 2007, this valuation allowance was still in place. See Note 10 for additional income tax information.

The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FIN 48), on January 1, 2007. The Company recognized no adjustment in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits upon the adoption of FIN 48. As of the date of adoption, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits totaled $9,293, including interest and penalty of $2,764. As of December 31, 2007, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits totaled $10,193, including interest and penalty of $3,619. The full amount of the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would result in a favorable impact on the effective tax rate.

Foreign Currency Remeasurement

The Company’s functional currency for all operations worldwide is the U.S. dollar. For foreign operations with the U.S. dollar as the functional currency, monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured at the period-end exchange rates. Certain non-monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured using historical rates. Statements of operations are remeasured at an average exchange rate for the year. See Note 11 for additional information about the Company’s foreign currency remeasurement activity.

Derivatives and Hedging

The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts for hedging purposes and accounts for derivatives and hedging activities in accordance with SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities, as amended, which requires that all derivative instruments be recorded on the balance sheet at their respective fair values. The purpose of the forward currency hedges is to minimize the variability of cash flows associated with the anticipated transactions being hedged. As changes in foreign currency exchange rates impact the U.S. dollar value transactions, the fair value of the forward contracts also changes, offsetting the foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recorded in each period in income or other comprehensive income, depending on the types and effectiveness of the hedges.

 

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On the date the derivative contract is entered into, the Company designates the derivative as either a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment (fair value hedge), a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (cash flow hedge), a foreign currency fair value or cash flow hedge (foreign currency hedge), or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. For all hedging relationships, the Company formally documents the hedging relationship and its risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge, the hedging instrument, the item, the nature of the risk being hedged, how the hedging instrument’s effectiveness in offsetting the hedged risk will be assessed, and a description of the method of measuring ineffectiveness. This process includes linking all derivatives that are designated as fair value, cash flow, or foreign currency hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The Company also formally assesses, both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of hedged items. Changes in the fair-value of a derivative that is highly effective and that is designated and qualifies as a fair-value hedge, along with the loss or gain on the hedged asset or liability or unrecognized firm commitment of the hedged item that is attributable to the hedged risk, are recorded in earnings. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective and that is designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge are recorded in other comprehensive income to the extent that the derivative is effective as a hedge, until earnings are affected by the variability in cash flows of the designated hedged item. Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are highly effective as hedges and that are designated and qualify foreign-currency hedges are recorded in either earnings or other comprehensive income, depending on whether the hedge transaction is a fair-value hedge or cash flow hedge.

Additional information about the Company’s use of derivative instruments is presented in Note 11.

Impairments of Long-lived Assets

Long-lived assets, such as property, plant, and equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Fair value is determined by reference to market prices or through discounted cash flow analysis, depending on the asset. Assets to be disposed of are separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has stock-based employee compensation plans, which are described in Note 16. The Company accounts for rights under these plans under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, adopted on January 1, 2006. SFAS No. 123(R) requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all stock-based payment awards made to employees and directors. The compensation expense for the Company’s stock-based payments, which includes employee stock options and the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), is based on estimated fair values at the time of the grant or subscription period, respectively. In addition, in March 2005, the Staff of the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 107, to provide guidance on the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R). Specifically, SAB No. 107 provides the Staff’s view regarding the valuation of stock-based payment arrangements for public companies and the Company has applied these provisions in its adoption of SFAS No. 123(R).

 

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SFAS No. 123(R) supersedes the Company’s previous accounting practice for stock-based payments under Accounting Principles Board Opinion (“APB”) No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. APB No. 25 required compensation expense to be recorded on the date of the grant only if the current market price of the underlying stock exceeded the exercise price of the option. However, under SFAS No. 123(R) companies are required to recognize compensation expense regardless of the current market price of the stock on the grant date. In adopting SFAS No. 123(R), the Company has applied the modified prospective transition method, which requires the application of the accounting standard as of January 1, 2006, the first day of the Company’s fiscal year 2006. As such, the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 reflect the impact of SFAS No. 123(R). In accordance with the modified prospective transition method, the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for prior periods have not been restated to reflect the impact of SFAS No. 123(R). However, the Company has reported pro forma disclosure information, as required under SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, for periods prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R).

SFAS No. 123(R) requires companies to estimate the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option pricing model. These option pricing models involve a number of assumptions, including the expected lives of stock options, the volatility of the public market price for the Company’s common stock and interest rates. In adopting SFAS No. 123(R), the Company is using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which the Company had previously used under SFAS No. 123. Stock-based compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the value of the portion of stock-based payment awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Stock-based compensation expense recognized during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 included compensation expense for stock-based payment awards granted during the current year, as well those awards granted prior to adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) but not yet vested as of December 31, 2005. The compensation expense for these grants was based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123. Compensation expense for all stock-based payment awards was recognized using the straight-line method. As stock-based compensation expense recognized during 2007 and 2006 was based on awards ultimately expected to vest, the gross expense has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. Under the Company’s pro forma information required by SFAS 123 for the periods prior to 2006, the Company accounted for forfeitures as they occurred.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In the first quarter of 2007, the Company adopted Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 06-2, “Accounting for Sabbatical Leave and Other Similar Benefits Pursuant to FASB Statement No. 43” (EITF 06-2). The consensus reached by the EITF, as set forth in EITF 06-2, determined that sabbatical and other similar benefits do accumulate and should be accrued for over the requisite service period. As such, the Company adopted EITF 06-2 through a cumulative-effect adjustment, which resulted in an additional liability along with a reduction to retained earnings, both in the amount of $1,454, on January 1, 2007.

During the first quarter of 2007, the Company also adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes-an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (FIN 48). Refer to Note 10, titled “Income Taxes,” for further discussion.

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (SFAS No. 157). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and enhances fair value measurement disclosure. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) 157-1, “Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurements for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13” (FSP 157-1) and FSP 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (FSP 157-2). FSP 157-1 amends SFAS No. 157 to remove certain leasing transactions from its scope. FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a

 

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recurring basis (at least annually), until the beginning of the first quarter of fiscal 2009. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 157 effective January 1, 2008 and 2009, as applicable. The Company is currently assessing the effects that SFAS No. 157 will have on its financial statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” Under SFAS No. 159 entities will have the option to measure certain financial instruments and other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. This statement expands the use of fair value measurement and applies to entities that elect the fair value option at a specified election date. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, the adoption of this statement will have on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations.” SFAS No. 141R establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree and the goodwill acquired. SFAS No. 141R also establishes disclosure requirements to enable the evaluation of the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141R is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s fiscal year that begins after December 15, 2008, and will be adopted by the Company on January 1, 2009. The Company does not believe that the adoption of SFAS No. 141R will have material impact on its consolidated results of operations and financial condition.

Note 3.    Business Combinations

TFR Technologies, Inc.

On January 5, 2005, the Company completed the acquisition of TFR Technologies, Inc. (“TFR”), a manufacturer and developer of thin film resonator filters for communication applications using bulk acoustic wave (“BAW”) technology. The Company paid $2,920 in cash on the closing date and paid an additional $2,263 during the first quarter of 2006. The Company is also obligated to pay royalties on revenues it recognizes from sales of TFR technology based products over the four year period subsequent to the closing date, up to a maximum of $3,000. As of December 31, 2007, the Company had recognized $146 of such royalties on the sales of TFR technology based products, which were recorded as additional goodwill. In addition, as a result of the acquisition, the Company had incurred total employee retention charges of $1,717, which were expensed over a period of 18 months subsequent to the closing date. During 2006 and 2005, the Company incurred $63 and $1,654, respectively, of such charges. In January 2006, the Company distributed $1,487 of the employee retention benefits and in July 2006, distributed the remaining $230.

The Company accounted for the TFR acquisition as a purchase in accordance with SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations. Details of the purchase price are as follows:

 

Cash paid at closing

   $ 2,920

Cash due within one year

     2,263

Royalties

     146

Acquisition costs

     166
      

Total

   $ 5,495
      

 

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The purchase price was allocated to TFR’s assets and liabilities based upon fair values as follows:

 

Cash

   $ 370  

Accounts receivables and other assets

     678  

Inventory

     419  

Property, plant and equipment

     716  

Intangible assets (Note 8)

     936  

Goodwill (Note 8)(1)

     2,835  

Payables and other liabilities

     (459 )
        

Total

   $ 5,495  
        

 

(1)

Includes $146 of royalties incurred subsequent to the closing of the transaction, through December 31, 2007.

The results of operations for the TFR business are included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for 2007, 2006 and 2005. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented for this acquisition because its effect was not material to the Company on either an individual or aggregate basis.

Peak Devices, Inc

On August 31, 2007, the Company completed the acquisition of Peak Devices, Inc. (“Peak”), a privately-held, fabless semiconductor company focused on the fabrication of RF discrete transistors, which is technology aligned with the Company’s current market focus. The Company paid $14,922 in cash on the closing date and paid an additional $183 of direct acquisition costs during 2007. Of the $14,922, $1,500 is held in escrow for standard representations and warranties for payment of claims and liabilities that may result from this acquisition. The escrow period expires on December 31, 2008. The Company is also obligated to pay earnout payments to the former shareholders of Peak based on 10% of the gross margin from sales of Peak technology based products less a quarterly threshold over a five year period from 2008 to 2012. These earnout amounts are not contingent on continued employment of the former shareholders. As of December 31, 2007, the Company has yet to recognize earnout charges related to the sales of Peak technology based products.

The Company accounted for the Peak acquisition as a purchase in accordance with SFAS No. 141. Details of the purchase price were as follows:

 

Cash paid at closing

   $  14,922

Acquisition costs

     183
      

Total

   $ 15,105
      

The purchase price was allocated to Peak’s assets and liabilities based upon fair values as follows:

 

Cash

   $  358  

Accounts receivables and other assets

     476  

Inventory

     1,494  

Property, plant and equipment

     174  

In-process research and development

     7,600  

Intangible assets

     5,000  

Goodwill

     1,533  

Payables and other liabilities

     (1,530 )
        

Total

   $ 15,105  
        

 

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The results of operations for the Peak business were included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations for the period from September 1, 2007 to December 31, 2007. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented for this acquisition because its effect was not material to the Company.

The intangible assets acquired are being amortized over a weighted average period of six years. The Company recorded an additional $165 of goodwill subsequent to the purchase date for the recognition of an assumed tax liability.

In-process research and development (“IPR&D”) represented Peak projects that had not reached technological feasibility and had no alternative future use when acquired but had been developed to a point where there was value associated with them in relation to potential future revenues. Using the income approach to value the IPR&D, the Company determined that $7.6 million of the purchase price represented purchased in-process technology. Because technological feasibility was not yet proven and no alternative future uses were believed to exist for the in-process technologies, the assigned value was expensed immediately into operating expenses upon the closing date of the acquisition.

The fair value underlying the $7.6 million assigned to acquire IPR&D from the Peak acquisition was determined by identifying research projects in areas for which technological feasibility had not been established and there were no alternative future uses. The acquired IPR&D consisted of wide band transistor products and was approximately 50% complete as of December 31, 2007. This technology is being integrated into products expected to be completed in 2008. There has been no material change in the estimated cost of these projects.

The fair value of IPR&D was determined by an income approach where fair value is the present value of projected net free cash flows that will be generated by the products incorporating the acquired technologies under development, assuming they are successfully completed. The estimated net free cash flows generated by the products over a 10 year period was discounted at a rate of 40% which reflected the stage of completion and the technical risks associated with achieving technological feasibility. Other factors considered were the inherent uncertainties in future revenue estimates from technology investments including the uncertainty surrounding the successful development of the IPR&D, the useful life of the technology and the profitability levels of the technology. The estimated net cash flows from these products were based on estimates of related revenues, cost of sales, R&D costs, SG&A costs, asset requirements and income taxes. The stage of completion of the products at the date of the acquisition were estimated based on the tasks required to develop the technology into a commercially viable product. The nature of the efforts to develop the in-process technology into commercially viable products principally related to the completion of all planning, designing, prototyping, verification and testing activities that are necessary to establish that the product can be produced to meet its design specification, including function, features and technical performance requirements. These estimates are subject to change, given the uncertainties of the development process, and no assurance can be given that deviations from these estimates will not occur or that the Company will realize any anticipated benefits of the acquisition. The risks associated with IPR&D are considered high and no assurance can be made that these products will generate any benefit or meet market expectations.

To the extent that estimated completion dates are not met, the risk of competitive product introduction is greater and revenue opportunity may be permanently lost.

Note 4.    Discontinued Operations

On January 2, 2003, the Company completed an acquisition of a substantial portion of the optoelectronics business of Agere Systems Inc. (“Agere”) for $40,000 in cash plus acquisition costs and certain assumed liabilities. The transaction included the products, technology and some facilities related to Agere’s optoelectronics business, which includes optical active and passive components, optical amplifiers, optical transceivers and other optical products. As part of the acquisition, the Company also assumed operation of the back-end assembly and test operations associated with these components at a leased facility

 

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in Matamoros, Mexico. The Company acquired this business to expand its market and product offerings in its optical networks business.

During the first quarter of 2005, the Company concluded that its optoelectronics operations were not going to meet the revenue projections it made when the Company initially acquired the operations from Agere in January 2003. As a result, the Company announced the sale of these operations on April 14, 2005 and entered into an agreement to sell its optoelectronics operations in Breinigsville, Pennsylvania and its optoelectronics subsidiary in Matamoros, Mexico to CyOptics, Inc. (“CyOptics”). The transaction allowed the Company to exit its optoelectronics operation that manufactured indium phosphide (“InP”) optical components. The sale, completed on April 29, 2005, was an asset sale including the products, manufacturing equipment, inventory, the Mexican entity, related intellectual property rights and other assets that constituted the operations that manufacture InP optical chips and components for the optical networking market. CyOptics paid the Company the following consideration: $13,500 of cash at closing, $4,500 of CyOptics’ preferred stock (representing approximately 10% of the voting shares of CyOptics on the closing date) and a promissory note in the amount of $5,633, which the Company recorded net of a $2,292 discount to record the note at a current market rate. The value of the preferred stock was objectively determined based on the cash paid by unrelated investors for the same series of preferred stock that the Company received in the transaction. These investors contributed cash for their shares around the same time the Company completed its transaction. The promissory note, which is senior to the preferred stock, was valued by considering a number of factors, including a third-party appraisal.

Separately, on July 13, 2005, TriQuint Optoelectronics, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, completed the sale of the land and building and related facilities occupied by the Company’s former optoelectronics operations in Breinigsville, Pennsylvania to Hamilton TEK Partners, LP (“Hamilton”) for $9,300. Pursuant to the sale, the Company assigned to Hamilton a lease it had executed with CyOptics for approximately 90,000 square feet of the 849,000 square foot facility. The lease was executed on April 29, 2005 and was for a period of two years.

Operating results of the discontinued optoelectronic operations are as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,
     2007    2006    2005(1)

Revenues

   $     —    $     —    $ 10,000
                    

Income from operations

               1,356

Other income

               23

Gain on disposal(2)

               11,620

Income tax expense

               4,816
                    

Net income from discontinued operations

   $    $    $ 8,183
                    

 

(1)

As a result of the sale of the operations in April 2005, the results for 2005 represented only four months of operations.

 

(2)

The gain on disposal for 2005 represented the gain recorded on the sale of the Company’s optoelectronics operations in Breinigsville, Pennsylvania and its optoelectronics subsidiary in Matamoros, Mexico to CyOptics and the gain recorded on the sale of the Company’s Pennsylvania facility to Hamilton.

 

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Note 5.    Selected Financial Statement Information

 

     December 31,
2007
    December 31,
2006
 

Accounts receivable, net:

    

Trade accounts receivable

   $ 73,215     $ 65,150  

Allowance for doubtful accounts

     (30 )     (462 )
                
   $ 73,185     $ 64,688  
                

Inventories:

    

Raw materials

   $ 15,561     $ 27,622  

Work-in-process

     30,218       39,465  

Finished goods

     21,452       17,792  
                
   $ 67,231     $ 84,879  
                

Property, plant and equipment, net:

    

Land

   $ 19,691     $ 19,691  

Buildings

     89,233       89,177  

Leasehold improvements

     5,029       4,811  

Machinery and equipment

     280,830       264,285  

Furniture and fixtures

     5,098       5,066  

Computer equipment and software

     29,876       27,545  

Assets in process

     28,310       19,670  
                
     458,067       430,245  

Accumulated depreciation

     (253,514 )     (229,899 )
                
   $ 204,553     $ 200,346  
                

Accrued payroll:

    

Accrued payroll and taxes

   $ 7,016     $ 5,237  

Accrued vacation, sabbatical, and sick pay

     9,000       6,078  

Self-insurance liability

     1,163       692  
                
   $ 17,179     $ 12,007  
                

Note 6.    Investments in Marketable Securities

At December 31, 2007 the Company held no investments in marketable securities and therefore had zero gross unrealized holding gains or losses. The cost, gross unrealized holding gains, gross unrealized holding losses and fair value of available-for-sale investments by types and classes of security at December 31, 2006 consisted of the following:

 

At December 31, 2006

   Cost    Gross
unrealized
holding gains
   Gross
unrealized
holding losses
    Fair Value

Available-for-sale:

          

U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S government agencies

   $ 130,995    $ 3    $ (382 )   $ 130,616

Corporate debt securities and other

     108,708      1      (11 )     108,698
                            
   $ 239,703    $ 4    $ (393 )   $ 239,314
                            

 

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Investments with an unrealized holding loss for greater than and less than 12 consecutive months at December 31, 2006 were as follows:

 

At December 31, 2006

   Greater than 12 months     Less than 12 months     Total
Fair Value
   Total
Unrealized
Losses
 
   Fair Value    Unrealized
Losses
    Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
      

U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies

   $ 99,336    $ (377 )   $ 15,788    $ (5 )   $ 115,124    $ (382 )

Corporate debt securities and other

     4,771      (7 )     27,020      (4 )     31,791      (11 )
                                             
   $ 104,107    $ (384 )   $ 42,808    $ (9 )   $ 146,915    $ (393 )
                                             

Investments by contractual maturity are as follows:

 

     December 31, 2007    December 31, 2006
     Cost    Cost    Cost    Fair Value

Due or callable in one year or less

   $     —    $     —    $ 239,703    $ 239,314

Due after one year through 42 months

   $     —    $     —    $    $

Investments are considered to be impaired when a decline in fair value is judged to be other-than-temporary. The Company employs a methodology that reviews specific securities in evaluating potential impairment of its investments. In the event that the cost of an investment exceeds its fair value, the Company evaluates, among other factors, the Company’s intent and ability to hold the investment and extent to which the fair value is less than cost; the financial health of and business outlook for the issuer; and operational and financing cash flow factors. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, all unrealized holding losses were considered to be temporary as the Company has the ability and intent to hold the investments until a recovery of fair value. During 2007, 2006 and 2005, the Company did not record any other-than-temporary impairments on its investments.

Note 7.    Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Net income (loss) per share is presented as basic and diluted net income (loss) per share. Basic net income (loss) per share is net income (loss) available to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net income (loss) per share is similar to basic net income (loss) per share, except that the denominator includes potential common shares that, had they been issued, would have had a dilutive effect. Further, under SFAS No. 128, Earnings per Share, continuing operations is the governing measure for the determination of antidilution.

The following summarizes the elements included in the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share for 2007, 2006 and 2005:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2007    2006    2005  

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

   $ 23,394    $ 21,751    $ (4,203 )

Net income from discontinued operations

     —        —        8,183  
                      
   $ 23,394    $ 21,751    $ 3,980  
                      

Weighted-average shares outstanding—Basic

     140,189      139,236      139,566  

Dilutive securities

     2,301      1,953      —    
                      

Weighted-average shares outstanding—Dilutive

     142,490      141,189      139,566  
                      

 

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     Year ended December 31,  
     2007    2006    2005  

Basic net income (loss) per share:

        

Net income (loss) per share from continuing operations

   $ 0.17    $ 0.16    $ (0.03 )

Net income per share from discontinued operations

     —        —        0.06  
                      
   $ 0.17    $ 0.16    $ 0.03  
                      

Diluted net income (loss) per share:

        

Net income (loss) per share from continuing operations

   $ 0.16    $ 0.15    $ (0.03 )

Net income per share from discontinued operations

     —        —        0.06  
                      
   $ 0.16    $ 0.15    $ 0.03  
                      

For 2007, 2006 and 2005, options and other exercisable convertible securities totaling and 14,912 shares, 20,472 shares and 20,762 shares, respectively, were excluded from the calculation as their effect would have been antidilutive.

Note 8.    Goodwill and Other Acquisition-Related Intangible Assets

In accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, the Company is required to perform impairment tests of goodwill at least annually or when events and circumstances warrant. The Company performs this test in the fourth quarter of each year unless indicators warrant testing at an earlier date. Based upon the Company’s annual assessments that were performed for 2007 and 2006, no impairments of goodwill were recorded. Information regarding the Company’s goodwill and other acquisition-related intangible assets is as follows:

 

     Useful
Life
(Years)
   December 31, 2007   December 31, 2006
        Gross   Accumulated
Amortization
  Net Book
Value
  Gross   Accumulated
Amortization
  Net Book
Value

Non-amortizing:

               

Goodwill

      $ 4,817   $   $ 4,817   $ 3,240   $   $ 3,240

Amortizing:

               

Patents, trademarks and other

   2 -10      13,353     7,861     5,492     8,352     7,229     1,123
                                       

Total intangible assets

      $ 18,170   $ 7,861   $ 10,309   $ 11,592   $ 7,229   $ 4,363
                                       

During 2007 and 2006, the Company recorded $45 and $101, respectively, of goodwill associated with royalties from products related to the Company’s acquisition of TFR. Additionally, the company recorded $1,533 of goodwill related to the acquisition of Peak Devices, $1,368 of which was recognized upon the purchase date, while the additional $165 was recorded during the fourth quarter of 2007, and related to an assumed tax liability.

 

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Amortization expense of intangible assets was approximately $632, $390 and $1,234 for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Amortization expense related to intangible assets at December 31, 2007 in each of the next five fiscal years and beyond is expected to be as follows:

 

2008

   $ 1,055

2009

     1,055

2010

     966

2011

     876

2012

     876

Thereafter

     664
      
   $ 5,492
      

Note 9.    Convertible Subordinated Notes

In February and March 2000, the Company completed the sale of $345,000 aggregate principal amount of 4% convertible subordinated notes due March 1, 2007, raising approximately $333,900 net of fees and expenses. The notes were unsecured obligations of the Company, subordinated to all of the Company’s present and future senior indebtedness and do not contain significant restrictive covenants. Interest on the notes was payable in arrears semiannually on each March 1 and September 1. The notes were convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time prior to redemption or maturity into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price per share of $67.80, subject to certain adjustments. Financing costs related to the issuance of the debt are capitalized as “Other noncurrent assets, net” on the Company’s balance sheet, and were amortized over the term of the related debt using the straight-line method which approximates the effective interest method. Since issuance, the Company has made various repurchases of the outstanding bonds, reducing the balance outstanding. The following schedule summarizes the repurchases during the years presented:

 

Year of repurchase

   Book value of notes
repurchased
   Cost of notes
repurchased
   Gain on
repurchase
   Bond issuance costs
written-off

2007

   $    $    $    $

2006

   $    $    $    $

2005

   $ 5,000    $ 4,844    $ 114    $ 42

On March 1, 2007, the Company retired the balance of the notes, and accumulated interest, with its cash reserves and had no obligation outstanding as of December 31, 2007. As of December 31, 2006, the Company had $218,755 principal amount of its convertible subordinated notes outstanding and net capitalized issuance costs of $168. During 2007, 2006 and 2005, the Company amortized $168, $1,005 and $1,013, respectively, of the capitalized issuance costs. The fair value of the outstanding convertible subordinated notes at December 31, 2006 was $214,380.

Note 10.    Income Taxes

Domestic and foreign pre-tax income (loss) for 2007, 2006 and 2005 were as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2007    2006    2005  

Domestic

   $ 14,847    $ 18,081    $ (16,949 )

Foreign

     10,077      6,466      9,173  
                      
   $ 24,924    $ 24,547    $ (7,776 )
                      

 

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Income tax expense (benefit) for 2007, 2006 and 2005, consisted of the following:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2007    2006     2005  

Current:

       

Federal

   $ 932    $ 134     $ (405 )

State

     30      (10 )      

Foreign

     568      2,672       1,648  
                       
     1,530      2,796       1,243  
                       

Deferred:

       

Federal

                 

State

                 

Foreign

                 

Tax benefit allocated to discontinued operations

                (4,816 )
                       
                (4,816 )
                       

Net income tax expense (benefit)

   $ 1,530    $ 2,796     $ (3,573 )
                       

The actual income tax expense (benefit) reported for operations is different from that which would have been computed by applying the federal statutory tax rate to income (loss) before income taxes. A reconciliation of income tax expense as computed at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the provision for income tax expense (benefit) for 2007, 2006 and 2005 is as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
         2007             2006             2005      

Tax expense (benefit) at United States statutory rate

   35.0 %   35.0 %   (35.0 )%

State income tax, net of federal effect

   2.2         0.9  

Change in valuation allowance

   (41.6 )   2.6     16.1  

Foreign income tax

   1.6     8.0      

Costa Rican subsidiary tax holiday

   (0.6 )   (26.6 )   (25.0 )

Deemed dividend from foreign subsidiary

   25.8     7.1     44.0  

Stock-based compensation

   0.5     6.3      

Tax benefit allocated to continuing operations from discontinued operations

           (61.8 )

Other, net

   16.8     12.6     (6.3 )
                  

Effective tax rate

   6.1 %   11.4 %   (45.9 )%
                  

 

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Deferred income tax assets and liabilities consist of the tax effects of temporary differences. These temporary differences as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 were as follows:

 

     December 31,
2007
    December 31,
2006
 

Deferred tax assets:

    

Amortization and depreciation

   $ 23,732     $ 29,968  

Capital research and development expenditures

     15,704       18,957  

Reserves and allowances

     1,596       594  

Accrued liabilities

     3,138       2,018  

Impairment of investment in other companies

     5,097       3,797  

Inventory

     9,743       10,785  

Net operating loss carryforwards

     26,831       34,998  

Capital loss carryforwards

     5,804       5,250  

Research and development, and other credits

     4,513       2,962  

Stock-based compensation

     2,744       1,248  

Other

     5,534       1,040  
                

Total deferred tax asset

     104,436       111,617  

Deemed dividend distribution

     (3,199 )      
                

Valuation allowance

     (101,237 )     (111,617 )
                

Net deferred tax asset

   $     $  
                

The Company recorded a tax charge (benefit) from continuing operations of $1,530, $2,796, and $(3,573) for 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively. The provisions for 2007, 2006, and 2005 do not reflect a benefit for prior year losses due to a full valuation allowance against deferred tax assets. The net (decrease) increase in total valuation allowance for the deferred tax assets for 2007, 2006, and 2005 were $(10,380), $(6,552), and $1,252, respectively.

In assessing if the deferred tax assets are realizable, SFAS No. 109 establishes a more likely than not standard. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance must be established against the deferred tax assets. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which the associated temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.

Although the Company anticipates future sustained profitability, SFAS No. 109 requires that recent historical operating performance and income projections be considered in assessing if the deferred tax assets are realizable. The more likely than not assessment was principally based upon the significant tax losses generated during 2004, 2003 and 2002.

At December 31, 2007, the Company had approximately $90,288 of U.S. net operating loss carryforwards to offset future U.S. taxable income, expiring from 2019 through 2024, and $76,048 for state tax purposes, expiring 2008 through 2025. In 2007 and 2006, the capital loss increased by $1,711 and $1,858, respectively. The remaining $16,147 capital loss carryforward will offset future capital gains, of which $12,578 will expire in 2008, followed by $1,858 and $1,711 in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The Company has placed a full valuation allowance against the tax effect of all net operating and capital loss carryforwards.

In accordance with SFAS No. 123 (R), deferred tax assets and the related valuation allowance decreased by approximately $18,493 and $16,587 as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, relating

 

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to U.S. income tax benefits of stock option deductions. This benefit will be credited to additional paid in capital, when and if realized.

The Company provided for deferred taxes on the non-repatriated earnings of its subsidiary in Costa Rica prior to fiscal 2000. This subsidiary benefited from a complete exemption from Costa Rican income taxes through 2003, a 75% exemption through 2007 and a 50% exemption through 2011. In January, 2008, the Company decided to make a $64,000 dividend distribution from the Costa Rica subsidiary. Of the $64,000 dividend, the majority was from previously taxed income and the remainder will be taxable in 2008, on which a deferred tax liability was established. No provision has been made for United States, individual state, or additional foreign income taxes related to approximately $96,520 of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries which have been or are intended to be permanently reinvested. It is not practicable to determine the United States federal income tax liability, if any, which would be payable if such earnings were not permanently reinvested. In the event the Costa Rican or German subsidiaries remit these earnings to the U.S. parent, the earnings may be subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes.

The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FIN 48), on January 1, 2007. The Company recognized no adjustment in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits upon the adoption of FIN 48. As of the date of adoption, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits totaled $9,293, including interest and penalty of $2,764. As of December 31, 2007 the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits totaled $10,193, including interest and penalty of $3,619. The Company recognized 2007 interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in the tax provision. The full amount of the unrecognized tax benefits recorded at December 31, 2007, if recognized, would result in a favorable impact on the effective tax rate. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

 

Balance January 1, 2007

   $ 6,529

Additions for tax positions-prior years

     45

Reductions for tax positions-prior years

    

Additions for tax positions-current years

    

Settlements

    

Expiration of statute of limitations

    
      

Balance December 31, 2007

   $ 6,574
      

The unrecognized tax benefits anticipated to be recognized due to the expiration of the statue of limitations on or before December 31, 2008 are $1,191. The unrecognized tax benefits anticipated to be recognized within twelve months relates to a foreign subsidiary’s U.S. activities and foreign tax on a foreign subsidiary’s income and expense items. No other changes are anticipated within the next twelve months to the unrecognized tax benefits. The major jurisdictions in which the Company files include the U.S and Costa Rica. Tax years beginning in 2004 are subject to examination by taxing authorities, although net operating loss and credit carryforwards from all years are subject to examinations and adjustments for at least three years following the year in which the attributes are used.

Note 11.    Foreign Currency Exchange

The Company’s functional currency for all operations worldwide is the U.S. dollar. For foreign operations with the U.S. dollar as the functional currency, monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured at the period-end exchange rates. Certain non-monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured using historical rates. Statements of operations for each month are remeasured at the prior month’s balance sheet rate. To manage its exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments, including hedges. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss on derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges are immediately reported as a component of other income (expense), net. The effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is initially

 

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recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income as a separate component of stockholders’ equity and subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period during which the hedged transaction is recognized into earnings. For 2007, the Company reported foreign currency gains from remeasurement and hedging activity of $343 as compared to a loss from remeasurement and hedging activity of $90 during 2006 and a gain from remeasurement and hedging activity of $4 during 2005.

As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the notional amounts of the Company’s currency exchange contracts outstanding were approximately $3,193 and $4,118, respectively. The notional value of the contracts designated as cash flow hedges at December 31, 2007 and 2006 were approximately $3,193 and $4,118, respectively. There were no contracts outstanding at December 31, 2007 and 2006 designated as fair value hedges.

Note 12.    Reduction in Force

During 2005, the Company recorded a charge to earnings of $341 for severance related costs associated with a reduction in force of approximately 130 employees at the Company’s Florida and Costa Rica operations. This reduction in force was made due to declining quarterly revenues from these operations and the Company’s ongoing effort to align costs and capacity with its levels of production and revenues. As of December 31, 2007, no liability remained from the reduction in force.

The Company did not incur any charges related to reductions in workforce in 2007 or 2006. The following table details the severance activity for periods presented:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2007    2006     2005  

Beginning severance liability

   $     —    $ 3     $     —  

Severance charges incurred

                341  

Severance disbursements

          (3 )     (338 )
                       

Ending severance liability

   $    $     —     $ 3  
                       

Note 13.    Impairments

Impairments of Long-Lived Assets and Intangibles

During 2005, the Company recorded impairment charges of $31, in order to reduce the carrying value of certain long-lived assets to their current market values. The impairments were due to business decisions, current and projected market conditions resulting in excess capacity and reduced cash flow projection on these assets. Factors incorporated in the projections of future cash flows included reduced revenue projections of future years compared to prior projections, continued excess capacity, the continuation of the trend toward the movement of production to offshore facilities and independent third-party valuations. These factors, combined with further reductions in the demand for, and value of, used semiconductor fabrication equipment resulted in additional impairments over and above those previously recorded. The impairment taken during 2005 is detailed as follows:

 

   

The Company recorded an impairment charge of $31 in the first quarter of 2005 related to an impairment of certain fabrication equipment to its fair market value. The equipment was classified as held for sale at the time of the impairment.

The Company incurred no such charges in 2006 or 2007.

 

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Impairments of Investments in Other Companies

During 2006, the Company recovered $142 from a previously impaired investment as the result of the investment being purchased by another company. During 2005, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $155 related to the deteriorating financial condition of certain investments in privately held technology companies. The investments were in small companies whose valuations declined significantly based on factors such as current equity offerings, projected financial conditions, decline in market value of similar companies, or cessation of operations. The charges were derived through analysis of such companies’ current operating results, anticipated future results and discussions with such companies’ representatives. The following table provides a summary of the impairments during each of the years presented:

 

Year

  

Description

   Impairment  

2006

  

• Recovery of an impairment previously recognized from the investment being purchased by another company

   $ (142 )
           
  

Total recoveries of impairments in 2006

   $ (142 )
           

2005

  

• Impairment of investment in two privately held companies due to deteriorating financial condition and/or dilution of ownership interest, net

   $ 55  
  

• Impairment of investments in a privately held companies based on deteriorating financial conditions

     100  
           
  

Total impairments in 2005

   $ 155  
           

The Company did not record a recovery or impairment of investments in other companies in 2007

Note 14.    Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Matters

On February 28, 2007, a purported derivative action (case no. C-07-0299) was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Oregon, allegedly on behalf of TriQuint, against certain of TriQuint’s officers and directors. On March 16, 2007, a substantially similar action (case no. C-07-0398) was filed. The plaintiffs allege that the defendants violated Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended, breached their fiduciary duty, abused control, engaged in constructive fraud, corporate waste, insider selling, and gross mismanagement, and were unjustly enriched by improperly backdating stock options. The plaintiffs also allege that TriQuint failed to properly account for stock options and that the defendants’ conduct caused artificial inflation in TriQuint’s stock price. The plaintiffs seek unspecified damages and disgorgement of profits from the alleged conduct, corporate governance reform, establishment of a constructive trust over defendants’ stock options and proceeds derived therefrom, punitive damages, and reasonable attorney’s, accountant’s, and expert’s fees. On April 25, 2007, the Court consolidated the two cases. Plaintiffs filed a consolidated complaint on or about May 25, 2007. On July 23, 2007, the Company filed separate motions for the dismissal of all claims in each case with the District Court for the District of Oregon. No action has yet been taken by the Court. On September 28, 2007, the Plaintiffs filed a consolidated opposition to the Company’s motions for the dismissal of all claims in each case. On October 26, 2007, the Company filed separate reply briefs in support of its motions for the dismissal of all claims in each case.

In October 2006, the Company received an informal request for information from the staff of the San Francisco district office of the Securities and Exchange Commission regarding its option granting practices. In November 2006, the Company was contacted by the Office of the U.S. Attorney for the District of Oregon and was asked to produce documents relating to option granting practices on a voluntary basis. The Company has cooperated in both inquiries. On October 24, 2007, the San Francisco district office of the SEC sent the Company a letter indicating that the district office had terminated its investigation and is not

 

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recommending that the SEC take any enforcement action against the Company. The U.S. Attorney for the District of Oregon has also stated that it has terminated its inquiry.

Prior to filing the quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2006, the Company conducted an extensive review of its option granting practices. Accordingly, the Company concluded that no backdating had occurred with respect to its option grants and that prior disclosures regarding its option grants were not incorrect. The Company remains current in its reporting under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Lease Commitments

The Company currently leases certain equipment, office and manufacturing space under operating leases. Lease terms range from approximately one to 5 years, expiring at various dates through 2011 with options to renew at varying terms. Commitments for minimum lease payments under non-cancelable leases as of December 31, 2007 were as follows:

 

2008

   $ 1,272

2009

     469

2010

     343

2011

     212

2012

     6

Thereafter

    
      
   $ 2,302
      

Future minimum lease payments have not been reduced by future minimum sublease rentals of $42 under an operating lease. Rent expense under cancelable and non-cancelable operating leases for 2007, 2006, 2005 was $2,303, $2,232 and $2,039, respectively.

Note 15.    Concentration of Credit Risk

Suppliers

The Company currently obtains some components, equipment and services for their products from limited or single sources. The Company purchases these components, equipment and services on a purchase order basis, does not carry significant inventories of components and does not have any long-term supply contracts with these vendors. Requirements of the Company are relatively small compared to silicon semiconductor manufacturers. Access to sufficient capacity from these vendors in periods of high demand may be limited, as the Company often does not account for a significant part of the vendor’s business. If the Company were to change any of its sole or limited source vendors, it would be required to requalify each new vendor. Requalification could prevent or delay product shipments that could negatively affect its results of operations. In addition, reliance on these vendors may negatively affect the Company’s production if the components, equipment or services vary in reliability or quality. If the Company is unable to obtain timely deliveries of sufficient quantities of acceptable quality or if the prices increase, results of operations could be harmed.

Credit Risk

The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of certain customers and generally does not require collateral; however, in certain circumstances, the Company may require letters of credit or prepayment from its customers. All of the Company’s customers are in the communications or military markets.

 

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Foreign Currency Exchange

At times the Company may engage in foreign currency exchange rate forward contracts to lock in the cost of foreign currency for the purchase of equipment or raw materials denominated in foreign currencies. While these forward contracts are subject to fluctuations in value from movement in the foreign currency exchange rates, such fluctuations are offset by the change in value of the underlying exposures being hedged.

The Company is not a party to leveraged derivatives and does not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. Foreign currency contracts are entered into with major financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings, thereby decreasing the risk of credit loss. Gains and losses on instruments that hedge firm commitments are deferred and are included in the basis of the underlying hedged item.

Note 16. Stock, Stock Options and Rights

Common Stock

The Company has authorized capital of 600,000,000 shares of $.001 par value common stock. Holders of the common stock are entitled to one vote for each share of common stock on all matters submitted to a vote of the Company’s stockholders.

Stock Options

The Company had two stock option plans under which shares were available for grant during 2007: the 1996 Stock Incentive Plan (the “1996 Plan”) and the 1998 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan (the “1998 NQ Plan” and together with the 1996 Plan, the “Plans”). The 1996 Plan provides for the grant of incentive and non-qualified stock options to officers, outside directors and other employees of the Company or any parent or subsidiary. The 1998 NQ Plan provides for the grant of non-qualified stock options to non-officer employees of the Company and has not been, and is not required to be, submitted to the Company’s stockholders for approval. The Plans were amended in 2002 to provide that options granted thereunder must have an exercise price per share no less than 100% of the fair market value of the share price on the grant date. Further, with respect to any participant who owns a quantity of stock representing more than 10% of the voting rights of the Company’s outstanding capital stock, the exercise price of any incentive stock option granted must equal at least 110% of the fair market value on the grant date. In 2005, the 1996 Plan was further amended to extend the term of the plan to 2015 and permit the award of restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance shares and performance units in addition to the grant of stock options. In addition, the amendment provided specific performance criteria that the plan administrator may use to establish performance objectives, a formula mechanism that provides for automatic grants to the non-employee chairman of the Board and limited management’s ability to (i) reprice any outstanding stock option or stock appreciation right after it has been granted (other than pro rata adjustments to reflect stock dividends and other corporate events) and (ii) cancel any outstanding stock option or stock appreciation right and replace it with a new stock option or stock appreciation right with a lower exercise price, unless approved by the Company’s stockholders. The terms of each grant under the Plans may not exceed 10 years.

 

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The following table presents shares authorized, available for future grant and outstanding under each of the Company’s plans at December 31, 2007 (in thousands):

 

     Authorized    Available    Outstanding

1996 Stock Incentive Program

   41,050    8,250    25,578

1998 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan

   4,000       903

Sawtek Stock Option Plans(1)

   2,439       840
              

Total

   47,489    8,250    27,321
              

 

(1)

Includes the acquired Sawtek Inc. Second Stock Option Plan and the Sawtek Inc. Stock Option Plan for Acquired Companies

Subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors and beginning in 2006, outstanding options granted to new employees under the Plans generally vest and become exercisable at the rate of 25% at the end of the first year, and thereafter at a rate of 6.25% per quarter until fully vested. Options granted to current employees generally become exercisable at the rate of 25% per quarter during either the third or fourth year following the grant, or as approved by the Compensation Committee. All options granted to employees generally expire 10 years after the grant date. Annual option grants to sitting board members generally expire five years after the grant date. Option grants to newly elected board members generally expire ten years after the grant date.

In response to the new accounting guidance under SFAS No. 123(R) and SAB No. 107, the Company accelerated the vesting of options, excluding option grants to the Company’s board members and chief executive officer. The acceleration was done in two phases, one in 2004 and the second acceleration was completed in the fourth quarter of 2005 for all options with a per share exercise price equal to or greater than $5.35. In addition to the Company’s board members and chief executive officer, the acceleration in the fourth quarter of 2005 also excluded option grants to the Company’s executive officers. The acceleration was done as part of a comprehensive review of the Company’s entire benefits program and the decision to accelerate some of the Company’s options was made after review of the Company’s current stock price, the competitive benefits and costs from the options, the benefit of the options to the employees and the potential effects of SFAS No. 123(R). The closing price of the Company’s stock, as reported on the NASDAQ Stock Market, on the date of the second option acceleration was $4.59 per share. The acceleration resulted in pro forma stock-based employee compensation expense of $5,720 in the fourth quarter of 2005, reducing future compensation costs by this amount.

The following summarizes the Company’s stock option transactions for 2007, 2006 and 2005 (in thousands, except per share data):

 

    Year ended December 31,
    2007   2006   2005
    Shares     Weighted-
average
exercise price
  Shares     Weighted-
average
exercise price
  Shares     Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price

Outstanding at beginning of year

  25,732     $ 9.84   23,440     $ 10.78   25,852     $ 11.30

Granted

  5,136     $ 5.07   3,871     $ 4.71   3,124     $ 3.27

Exercised

  (2,443 )   $ 3.59   (455 )   $ 3.39   (362 )   $ 2.97

Cancelled

  (1,104 )   $ 8.95   (1,124 )   $ 14.17   (5,174 )   $ 9.40
                                   

Outstanding at end of year

  27,321     $ 9.55   25,732     $ 9.84   23,440     $ 10.78
                                   

Exercisable at end of year

  18,424     $ 11.77   19,179     $ 11.77   18,623     $ 12.58
                                   

 

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The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $4,828, $708 and $411, respectively. Fully vested outstanding options at December 31, 2007 had an aggregate intrinsic value of $23,158, based upon the Company’s closing stock price on that date of $6.63 per share. Fully vested outstanding options at December 31, 2006 had an aggregate intrinsic value of $7,301, based upon the Company’s closing stock price on that date of $4.50 per share. The aggregate intrinsic value of all outstanding options at December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $39,826, and $10,642, respectively. The Company issues new shares of common stock upon exercise of stock options.

The following table summarizes information concerning stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2007 (in thousands, except per share data):

 

    Options Outstanding   Options Exercisable

Range of

Exercise Price

  Number
Outstanding
(in thousands)
  Weighted-
Average

Remaining
Contractual
Life-Years
  Weighted-
Average

Exercise Price
  Number
Exercisable
(in thousands)
  Weighted-
Average

Exercise Price

$  1.91 - $  5.00

  11,327   6.30   $ 3.89   6,246   $ 3.50

$  5.01 - $10.00

  9,648   6.57   $ 6.04   5,890   $ 6.62

$10.01 - $15.00

  2,015   3.36   $ 11.39   2,004   $ 11.39

$15.01 - $25.00

  1,898   2.12   $ 21.00   1,888   $ 20.99

$25.01 - $61.44

  2,433   2.60   $ 39.04   2,396   $ 39.03
                         

$  1.91 - $61.44

  27,321   5.56   $ 9.55   18,424   $ 11.77
                         

The following table summarizes the average estimates the Company used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model during 2007, 2006 and 2005, to determine the fair value of employee stock options and employee ESPP rights granted during each period:

 

Stock Options

   2007   2006   2005

Risk free interest rates

   4.7%   4.6%   4.0%

Expected life in years

   4.5 years   4.9 years   4.2 years

Expected dividend yield

   0.0%   0.0%   0.0%

Expected volatility

   46.3%   56.8%   77.3%

Estimated annualized forfeiture rate

   8.0%   8.0%   Not applicable

 

Employee Stock Purchase Plans

   2007   2006   2004

Risk free interest rates

   4.3%   3.5%   3.0%

Expected life in years

   0.5 years   1.6 years   1.3 years

Expected dividend yield

   0.0%   0.0%   0.0%

Expected volatility

   49.1%   59.4%   59.1%

Estimated annualized forfeiture rate

   8.0%   8.0%   Not applicable

The Company determines its risk-free rate assumption based upon the U.S. Treasury yield for obligations with contractual lives similar to the expected lives of the Company’s option grants and ESPP subscription periods. The expected life represents the weighted average period the options are expected to remain outstanding, based upon historical experience. The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s historical and anticipated dividend distributions. The expected volatility is based upon a blend of the Company’s historical volatility of its stock price and its exchange traded options. Forfeitures are estimated based upon historical and anticipated future experience. Based upon these assumptions, the Company has estimated the per share weighted-average grant fair value of its options granted during 2007, 2006, and 2005 at $2.19, $2.47, and $1.98, respectively.

On November 10, 2005, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. FAS 123(R)-3, Transition Election Related to Accounting for Tax Effects of Share Based

 

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Payment Awards, which provides guidance on calculating the pool of excess tax benefits available to absorb tax deficiencies recognized subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R). The FSP provides companies up to one year from the latter of its initial adoption of SFAS No. 123(R) or the effective date of the FSP to evaluate the transition alternatives and make a one-time election. The Company has elected the simplified method for its method of calculating the tax effects of stock-based compensation pursuant to SFAS No. 123(R). Under the simplified method, the Company’s beginning pool of excess tax benefits is zero.

Stock-based compensation expense recognized under SFAS No. 123(R) for 2007 and 2006 was $8,488 and $9,115, respectively, which consisted of stock-based compensation expense related to unvested grants of employee stock options and the Company’s ESPP. There was no stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options and employee stock purchases recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for 2005 as the Company applied APB No. 25. However, the Company has previously reported pro forma disclosure information, as required under SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. The table below summarizes the stock-based compensation expense for 2007 and 2006:

 

     Year ended
December 31, 2007
   Year ended
December 31, 2006

Cost of goods sold

   $ 3,170    $ 2,887
             

Stock-based compensation expense included in cost of goods sold

     3,170      2,887

Research, development and engineering

     1,502      1,689

Selling, general and administrative

     3,816      4,539
             

Stock-based compensation expense included in operating expenses

     5,318      6,228
             

Total stock-based compensation expense included in income from operations

   $ 8,488    $ 9,115
             

The table below summarizes the Company’s pro forma financial results for 2005 as if stock-based compensation had been recognized for this period utilizing the provisions of SFAS No. 123. Disclosures for 2007 or 2006 are not presented as the stock-based compensation expense was recognized in the consolidated financial statements under SFAS No. 123(R):

 

     Year ended
December 31, 2005
 

Net income (loss) as reported

   $ 3,980  

Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based methods for all awards, net of tax(1)

     (19,306 )
        

Pro forma net loss

   $ (15,326 )
        

Net income (loss) per share:

  

Basic—as reported

   $ 0.03  

Diluted—as reported

   $ 0.03  

Basic—pro forma

   $ (0.11 )

Diluted—pro forma

   $ (0.11 )

 

(1)

On November 10, 2005, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the acceleration of the vesting of those employee stock options, excluding option grants to the Company’s board members and chief executive officer, with an option price equal to or greater than $5.35 per share. As a result of this acceleration, approximately 2,042 options with varying remaining vesting schedules were subject to the acceleration provision and became immediately exercisable, subject to the Company’s insider trading policy. The acceleration was done as part of a comprehensive review of the Company’s entire benefits program. The decision to accelerate some of the Company’s options was

 

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made after review of the Company’s current stock price, the competitive standpoint for the Company from the options, the benefit of the options to the employees and the potential effects of SFAS No. 123(R). The Company’s stock price was $4.59 on November 10, 2005, as reported on the NASDAQ Stock Market. The total pro-forma stock-based employee compensation expense of $19,306 for 2005 included approximately $5,720 of expense resulting from the November 10, 2005 acceleration.

As of December 31, 2007, the total future compensation expense related to the current unvested stock options and the ESPP, net of estimated forfeitures, is expected to be approximately $16,434. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 30 months. Summaries of the Company’s current stock-based payment arrangements are detailed further in Note 16.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company also has an ESPP, pursuant to which participating employees authorize the Company to withhold compensation and to use the withheld amounts to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a discount. In August, 2006, the Company’s board of directors amended the ESPP to shorten the look-back period of offerings commencing after November 30, 2006 from two years to six months. Offerings in effect as of November 30, 2006 remain unaffected by the amendment. These offerings purchase shares at 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the first day of the two year offering period or the last day of each six month exercise period. If the share price at the end of any six month exercise period is less than the share price on the first day of the offering, that offering is closed subsequent to that purchase and all employees are transferred the new offering. Offerings subsequent to November 30, 2006 will allow shares to be purchased at 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the first or last day of the six month offering period.

The Company’s ESPP purchases occur on the last business days of May and November of each year. During 2007, 2006 and 2005, approximately 1,962, 2,236 and 1,945 shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock were purchased under the ESPP. The Company issues new shares of common stock for purchases through the ESPP. The 1998 ESPP expired in December 2007, and the 2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2007 ESPP”) was approved by the Company’s stockholders in May 2007.

The 2007 ESPP went into effect on June 1, 2007 and provides for six month offering and purchase periods. Participants are able to purchase shares at 85% of the lower of the closing sales price of the Company’s common stock on the first or last day of the six month purchase period. Approximately 2,000 shares are reserved for issuance under the 2007 ESPP, subject to annual increases commencing January 1, 2008 of the lesser of (i) 3,000 shares, (ii) 1.5 % of the number of shares outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year or (iii) an amount determined by the board of directors. As of December 31, 2007, 1,247 shares were reserved for issuance under the 2007 ESPP. The 2007 ESPP will expire in February 2017.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

In addition, the Company has an employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”) for employees of its former Sawtek, Inc. subsidiary. The Company had previously made contributions to the ESOP however in 2003 the ESOP was retired. As such, there have been no ESOP expenses since 2003 and as of December 31, 2003, all shares under the ESOP had been allocated. A portion of the Company’s employees continue to hold shares in their ESOP account.

Preferred Shares Rights Plan

On June 30, 1998, the Company adopted a Preferred Shares Rights Agreement (the “Agreement”). Pursuant to the Agreement, rights were distributed as a dividend at the rate of one right for each share of TriQuint common stock, held by stockholders of record as of the close of business on July 24, 1998. The rights expire on June 29, 2008, unless redeemed or exchanged. Initially, under the Agreement, each right

 

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entitled the registered holder to buy one share of preferred stock for $20.83. On April 5, 2000, the Company approved an amendment to the Agreement to increase the per unit price to $200.00. These prices are reflective of all stock splits. The rights will become exercisable only if a person or group (other than stockholders currently owning 15% of the Company’s common stock) acquires beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the Company’s common stock, or commences a tender offer or exchange offer upon consummation of which such person or group would beneficially own 15% or more of the Company’s common stock.

Note 17.    Employee Benefit Plans

The Company has a qualified retirement plan under the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code covering substantially all employees in the U.S. Participants in this plan may defer up to the maximum annual amount allowable under IRS regulations. Company contributions to the 401(k) Plan were approximately $2,219, $1,048 and $1,059 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Company also has profit sharing and other benefit plans covering substantially all employees worldwide. The Company made contributions under these plans of approximately $2,454, $2,447 and $674 for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

During the fourth quarter of 2004, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a non-qualified deferred compensation plan (the “Compensation Plan”). Under the Compensation Plan, employees who are eligible to participate and members of its Board of Directors, are provided with the opportunity to defer a specified percentage of their cash compensation which the Company will be obligated to deliver on a future date. At the time of deferral, the Company allocates the deferred monies to a trust account that is invested at the participants’ election. The amount of compensation to be deferred by each participating employee or board member will be based on elections by each participant and adjusted for any positive or negative investment results from investment alternatives selected by the participant under the Compensation Plan. The liability for the deferred compensation is included in “Other long-term liabilities” on the Company’s balance sheet and was $1,382 at December 31, 2007 and $928 at December 31, 2006. The value of the funds allocated to the trust by the Company was $1,382 at December 31, 2007 and $928 at December 31, 2006, and was included in “Other noncurrent assets, net.” For 2007 and 2006, the total participant deferrals were $332 and $390, respectively.

The Company also has a pension obligation related to its German subsidiary, acquired as a result of the Company’s purchase of the Infineon Technologies AG, GaAs business in 2002. The pension liability becomes payable when the covered employees reach the age of 60 or 65 and the Company has elected to secure the liability through a reinsurance program paid for by the Company. The Company has included the obligation to deliver the pension obligation in the “Other long-term liabilities” line item on its consolidated balance sheet and the insurance receivables in the “Other noncurrent assets, net.” The value of the pension obligation at December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $2,592 and $2,628, respectively. The value of the insurance receivable at December 31, 2007 and 2006 was $2,890 and $2,411, respectively. The disclosures required by SFAS No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, have not been included due to the insignificance of the plan.

Note 18.    CyOptics Subordinated Promissory Note and Preferred Stock

On April 29, 2005, the Company completed the sale of its optoelectronic operations in Breinigsville, Pennsylvania and its optoelectronics subsidiary in Matamoros, Mexico to CyOptics. The terms of the sale included $4,500 of preferred stock representing approximately 10% of the voting shares of CyOptics and a subordinated unsecured promissory note for $5,633 which was discounted $2,292 to reflect the current market rate for similar debt of comparable companies. The promissory note is an interest-bearing note at the rate of the lesser of (i) 8.5% and (ii) 3.0% plus the one-year LIBOR, as determined on the date of the note and redetermined on each subsequent April 1 thereafter. At the time of the transaction, the Company reviewed current market rates for similar debt, analyzed CyOptics’ financial condition and obtained an

 

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independent valuation analysis on the debt. As a result, the Company determined the market rate for similar debt was approximately 20% and thus recorded a discount on the original value of the note to record it at a current market rate. The initial payment of interest on the note was due April 1, 2007, and all subsequent payments have been received timely. The $4,500 of preferred stock obtained in the transaction represented approximately 10% of the capital stock of CyOptics on a fully diluted basis on the closing date. The stock is non-redeemable Series F preferred stock and ranks prior and in preference to other series of preferred stock. The value of the preferred stock was objectively determined based upon the price paid by unrelated parties for the same Series F preferred stock on the same date as the closing of the sale of the optoelectronics operations. The combined investment is being accounted for utilizing the cost method and as such, the fair value of the investment is not adjusted if there are no identified events or changes in circumstances that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the investment. On October 9, 2007, the Company participated in an additional bridge financing in which it purchased $488 of a subordinated convertible promissory note. The promissory note is an interest-bearing note at the rate of 6% per annum. Unpaid principal with unpaid and accrued interest is due and payable at the earlier of (i) October 9, 2008 or (ii) event of default as defined in the promissory note or (iii) at conversion of a qualified equity event as defined in the promissory note. At December 31, 2007, the Company was not aware of any events or changes in circumstances that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value. The promissory notes were valued at $2,701 million and $3,341 million at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively. CyOptics made note payments of $1,135 for the year ended December 31, 2007, which reduced the carrying value of the Company’s investment. No note repayments were received in 2006.

Note 19.    Segment Information

The Company complies with Statement of SFAS No. 131, Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. SFAS No. 131 establishes standards for the reporting by public business enterprises of information about operating segments, products and services, geographic areas and major customers. The method for determining what information to report is based on the way that management organizes the segments within the Company for making operating decisions and assessing financial performance.

The Company’s chief operating decision maker is considered to be the President and Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO”). The Company’s CEO evaluates both consolidated and disaggregated financial information in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The CEO receives certain disaggregated financial information for the Company’s three markets, including, handsets, networks, and military; and three geographic units, including, Oregon, Texas and Florida.

The Company has aggregated its businesses into a single reportable segment as allowed under SFAS 131 as each of the businesses have similar long-term economic characteristics, including average gross margin. In addition, the businesses are similar in regards to (a) nature of products and production processes, (b) type of customers and (c) method used to distribute products. Accordingly, the Company describes its reportable segment as high performance components and modules for communications applications. All of the Company’s revenues result from sales in these product lines.

The Company’s revenue by business market (as a percentage of total revenues) were as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
         2007             2006             2005      

Business market:

      

Handsets

   53 %   51 %   43 %

Networks

   36 %   37 %   42 %

Military

   11 %   12 %   15 %
                  
   100 %   100 %   100 %
                  

 

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Revenues are reported in the geographic area where the sale originates. The Company’s Costa Rica facility provides manufacturing services to its U.S. operations and does not generate revenue from external parties. The functional currency for the Costa Rican operations is the U.S. dollar as most material and equipment costs are denominated in the U.S. dollar. The impact of fluctuations of the local Costa Rican currency is not considered significant and the foreign exchange rate is not hedged. Selected financial information by geographical area is summarized below:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2007     2006     2005  

Revenues from continuing operations (origin):

      

United States

   $ 475,776     $ 401,793     $ 294,787  

Costa Rica

     17,948       17,465       23,637  

Eliminations

     (17,948 )     (17,465 )     (23,637 )
                        
   $ 475,776     $ 401,793     $ 294,787  
                        

Operating income (loss) from continuing operations:

      

United States

   $ 14,092     $ 16,903     $ (17,850 )

Costa Rica

     2,127       1,988       7,399  
                        
   $ 16,219     $ 18,891     $ (10,451 )
                        

Long-lived assets:

      

United States

   $ 194,920     $ 181,806     $ 170,372  

Costa Rica

     16,136       19,895       23,672  

Other

     3,806       3,008       1,397  
                        
   $ 214,862     $ 204,709     $ 195,441  
                        

The Company’s products are sold to customers in various countries and shipped to factories around the world. During 2007, revenues derived from international customers were approximately $371,307, of which revenues from sales to end customers in China and South Korea were approximately $144,538 and $73,725, respectively. Revenues derived from customers located outside the U.S. were approximately $292,150 during 2006, of which revenues from sales to end customers in China and South Korea were approximately $90,718 and $65,861, respectively. Revenues outside of the U.S. were approximately $199,181 in 2005, of which revenues from sales to end customers in China were approximately $67,745. There were no other countries from which revenues represented 10% or more of total revenues for the periods presented.

Revenues from customers representing approximately 10% or more of total revenues for each period as follows (as a percentage of total revenues):

 

     Year ended December 31,  
         2007             2006             2005      

Samsung

   14 %   15 %     (1)

Motorola

   12 %   14 %   13 %

 

(1)

During the period presented, the customer did not represent more than 10% of the Company’s total revenues.

Related receivables from Motorola at December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 were 13%, 25% and 17% of trade accounts receivable, respectively. Related receivables from Samsung at December 31, 2007 and 2006 were 9% and 14%, respectively, of trade accounts receivable.

 

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Note 20.    Subsequent Events

On March 9, 2008, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with WJ Communications, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and ML Acquisition, Inc., a Delaware corporation and our wholly-owned subsidiary.

The Merger Agreement provides for the Company’s acquisition of WJ Communications by means of a merger of ML Acquisition with and into WJ Communications, with WJ Communications continuing as the surviving corporation. Following the merger, WJ Communications will be the wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.

As a result of the merger, each issued and outstanding share of WJ Communications common stock that is held by the Company, WJ Communications or their direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries will be cancelled. All other issued and outstanding shares of WJ Communications common stock will be exchanged for $1.00 per share cash consideration (the “Merger Consideration”) as set forth in the Merger Agreement. In addition, each holder of an option to purchase shares of common stock that has an exercise price per share that is less than the per share Merger Consideration will be entitled to receive a per share cash payment equal to the amount by which the Merger Consideration exceeds the exercise price of such option (if any), less any applicable withholding taxes. All stock options will otherwise be cancelled. Each holder of vested restricted stock and performance accelerated restricted stock units will be entitled to receive the Merger Consideration for each such vested share of stock or unit. Each holder of unvested restricted stock and performance accelerated restricted stock units will not receive the Merger Consideration, but will instead continue to hold such unvested stock or units, which will reflect the right to receive cash equal to the Merger Consideration. The total purchase price will be approximately $72 million.

The Merger Agreement contains certain termination rights and provides that, upon the termination of the Merger Agreement under specified circumstances, WJ Communications may be required to pay the Company a termination fee equal to $2,450,000.

The consummation of the merger is subject to the approval of WJ Communications’ shareholders, expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 and other customary closing conditions.

Note 21.    Summarized Quarterly Data (Unaudited)

 

     Year ended December 31, 2007 Quarters(2)
     1st(3)    2nd(4)    3rd(5)    4th(6)    Total
     (In thousands, except per share data)

Revenues

   $ 110,603    $ 113,771    $ 122,918    $ 128,484    $ 475,776

Gross profit

   $ 34,391    $ 30,168    $ 39,562    $ 47,179    $ 151,300

Net income

   $ 6,396    $ 1,351    $ 1,878    $ 13,769    $ 23,394

Net income per common share(1)

              

Basic

   $ 0.05    $ 0.01    $ 0.01    $ 0.10    $ 0.17

Diluted

   $ 0.05    $ 0.01    $ 0.01    $ 0.10    $ 0.16
     Year ended December 31, 2006 Quarters(2)
     1st(7)    2nd(8)    3rd(9)    4th(10)    Total
     (In thousands, except per share data)

Revenues

   $ 87,880    $ 96,341    $ 103,259    $ 114,313    $ 401,793

Gross profit

   $ 26,589    $ 30,917    $ 32,835    $ 33,592    $ 123,933

Net income

   $ 2,246    $ 5,648    $ 8,081    $ 5,776    $ 21,751

Net income per common share(1)

              

Basic

   $ 0.02    $ 0.04    $ 0.06    $ 0.04    $ 0.16

Diluted

   $ 0.02    $ 0.04    $ 0.06    $ 0.04    $ 0.15

 

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(1)

Earnings per share is computed individually for each of the quarters presented; therefore, the sum of the quarterly earnings per share may not necessarily equal the total for the year.

 

(2)

During the first and second quarters of 2006, the Company incurred approximately $42 of acquisition related charges associated with the Company’s TFR acquisition on January 5, 2005. In the third quarter of 2006, $21 of the charges were reversed as the required performance milestone was not fulfilled. No similar charges were incurred during 2007.

 

(3)

During the first quarter of 2007 the Company recorded a loss on the disposal of equipment of $96.

 

(4)

During the second quarter of 2007, the Company recorded a gain on the disposal of equipment of $10.

 

(5)

During the third quarter of 2007, the Company recorded a loss on the disposal of equipment of $2. Additionally, the company incurred $7,600 in charges associated with the acquisition of Peak Devices, which was completed on August 31, 2007. Specifically, the charges reflect the write off of IPR&D, where technological feasibility was not yet proven and no alternative future uses were believed to exist, and as such, the assigned value was expensed immediately into operating expenses upon the closing date of the acquisition.

 

(6)

During the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company recorded a loss on the disposal of equipment of $39.

 

(7)

During the first quarter of 2006, the Company recorded a loss on the disposal of equipment of $38.

 

(8)

During the second quarter of 2006, the Company recorded a gain on the disposal of equipment of $9 and a recovery of a previously impaired investment of $133.

 

(9)

During the third quarter of 2006, the Company recorded a loss on the disposal of equipment of $8.

 

(10)

During the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company recorded a gain on the disposal of equipment of $564 and a recovery of a previously impaired investment of $9.

 

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Schedule II

TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

CONSOLIDATED VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

For the Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005

(in thousands)

 

Date

   Allowance for
Doubtful
Accounts
 

Balance at December 31, 2004

     746  
        

Additions/(deductions) charged/(credited) to costs and expenses

     42  

Deductions

     (33 )
        

Balance at December 31, 2005

   $ 755  
        

Additions charged to costs and expenses

     52  

Deductions

     (345 )
        

Balance at December 31, 2006

   $ 462  
        

Deductions charged to costs and expenses

     (413 )

Deductions

     (19 )
        

Balance at December 31, 2007

   $ 30  
        

 

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Table of Contents

 

Report and Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.:

Under date of March 11, 2008, we reported on the consolidated balance sheets of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007, as contained in the annual report on Form 10-K for the year 2007. In connection with our audits of the aforementioned consolidated financial statements, we also audited the related consolidated financial statement schedule as listed in the accompanying index. This financial statement schedule is the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statement schedules based on our audits.

In our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statement (No. 333-81245, 333-36112, 333-75464, 333-08891, 333-08893, 333-02166, 333-31585, 333-48883, 333-66707, 333-74617, 333-81273, 333-39732, 333-39730, 333-61582, 333-65850, 333-89242, 333-102085, 333-105701, 333-115809, 333-120407, 333-125269, 333-134470, 333-143337) on Form S-8 of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. of our report dated March 11, 2008, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007, and the related financial statement schedule, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, which report appears in the December 31, 2007 annual report on Form 10-K of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.

As discussed in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes and adopted Emerging Issues Task Force Issue (EITF) No. 06-02, Accounting for Sabbatical Leave and Other Similar Benefits Pursuant to FASB Statement No. 43.

As discussed in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123(R), Share-Based Payments.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Portland, OR

March 11, 2008

 

S-2

EX-3.2 2 dex32.htm AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS OF REGISTRANT Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant

Exhibit 3.2

AMENDED AND RESTATED

BYLAWS

OF

TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

(a Delaware Corporation)

(Adopted November 16, 2006, Amended March 4, 2008)


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page

ARTICLE I CORPORATE OFFICES

   1

1.1

  

REGISTERED OFFICE

   1

1.2

  

OTHER OFFICES

   1

ARTICLE II MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

   1

2.1

  

PLACE OF MEETINGS

   1

2.2

  

ANNUAL MEETING

   1

2.3

  

SPECIAL MEETING

   3

2.4

  

NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS

   3

2.5

  

ADVANCE NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDER NOMINEES AND STOCKHOLDER BUSINESS

   3

2.6

  

MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE

   3

2.7

  

QUORUM

   3

2.8

  

ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE

   4

2.9

  

VOTING

   4

2.10

  

SHAREHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT

   4

2.11

  

RECORD DATE FOR STOCKHOLDER NOTICE; VOTING

   5

2.12

  

PROXIES

   5

2.13

  

ORGANIZATION

   5

2.14

  

LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE

   5

ARTICLE III DIRECTORS

   5

3.1

  

POWERS

   6

3.2

  

NUMBER OF DIRECTORS

   6

3.3

  

ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS

   6

3.4

  

RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES

   6

3.5

  

REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS

   6

3.6

  

PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE

   7

3.7

  

FIRST MEETINGS

   8

3.8

  

REGULAR MEETINGS

   8

3.9

  

SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE

   8

3.10

  

QUORUM

   8

3.11

  

WAIVER OF NOTICE

   9

3.12

  

ADJOURNMENT

   9

3.13

  

NOTICE OF ADJOURNMENT

   9

3.14

  

BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING

   9

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

          Page

3.15

  

FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS

   9

3.16

  

APPROVAL OF LOANS TO OFFICERS

   10

3.17

  

SOLE DIRECTOR PROVIDED BY CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

   10

ARTICLE IV COMMITTEES

   10

4.1

  

COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS

   10

4.2

  

MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES

   11

4.3

  

COMMITTEE MINUTES

   11

ARTICLE V OFFICERS

   11

5.1

  

OFFICERS

   11

5.2

  

ELECTION OF OFFICERS

   12

5.3

  

SUBORDINATE OFFICERS

   12

5.4

  

REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS

   12

5.5

  

VACANCIES IN OFFICES

   12

5.6

  

CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD

   12

5.7

  

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRESIDENT

   13

5.8

  

VICE PRESIDENTS

   13

5.9

  

SECRETARY

   13

5.10

  

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

   14

5.11

  

ASSISTANT SECRETARY

   14

5.12

  

ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS

   14

5.13

  

AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS

   14

ARTICLE VI INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND OTHER AGENTS

   15

6.1

  

INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

   15

6.2

  

INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS

   15

6.3

  

INSURANCE

   16

ARTICLE VII RECORDS AND REPORTS

   16

7.1

  

MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF RECORDS

   16

7.2

  

INSPECTION BY DIRECTORS

   16

7.3

  

ANNUAL STATEMENT TO STOCKHOLDERS

   17

7.4

  

REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORATIONS

   17

7.5

  

CERTIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF BYLAWS

   17

ARTICLE VIII GENERAL MATTERS

   17

8.1

  

RECORD DATE FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN NOTICE AND VOTING

   17

8.2

  

CHECKS; DRAFTS; EVIDENCES OF INDEBTEDNESS

   17

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

          Page

8.3

  

CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS: HOW EXECUTED

   18

8.4

  

STOCK CERTIFICATES; TRANSFER; PARTLY PAID SHARES

   18

8.5

  

SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES

   19

8.6

  

LOST CERTIFICATES

   19

8.7

  

TRANSFER AGENTS AND REGISTRARS

   19

8.8

  

CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS

   19
ARTICLE IX MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE AND WAIVER    20

9.1

  

NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS

   20

9.2

  

NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION

   20

9.3

  

NOTICE TO STOCKHOLDERS SHARING AN ADDRESS

   21

9.4

  

NOTICE TO PERSON WITH WHOM COMMUNICATION IS UNLAWFUL

   21

9.5

  

WAIVER OF NOTICE

   21
ARTICLE X AMENDMENTS    22

 

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AMENDED AND RESTATED

BYLAWS

OF

TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

(a Delaware corporation)

ARTICLE I

CORPORATE OFFICES

 

  1.1 REGISTERED OFFICE

The registered office of the corporation shall be fixed in the certificate of incorporation of the corporation.

 

  1.2 OTHER OFFICES

The board of directors may at any time establish branch or subordinate offices at any place or places where the corporation is qualified to do business.

ARTICLE II

MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

 

  2.1 PLACE OF MEETINGS

Meetings of stockholders shall be held at any place within or outside the State of Delaware designated by the board of directors. In the absence of any such designation, stockholders’ meetings shall be held at the principal executive office of the corporation.

 

  2.2 ANNUAL MEETING

The annual meeting of stockholders shall be held each year on a date and at a time designated by the board of directors. At the meeting, directors shall be elected, and any other proper business may be transacted.

At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be: (A) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the board of directors, (B) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the board of directors, or (C) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder. For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal


executive offices of the corporation not less than one hundred twenty (120) calendar days in advance of the estimated mailing date from the proxy statement relating to the corporation’s next annual meeting as specified in the corporation’s proxy statement released to stockholders in connection with the previous year’s annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that no annual meeting was held in the previous year or the date of the annual meeting has been changed by more than thirty (30) days from the date contemplated at the time of the previous year’s proxy statement, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so received a reasonable time before the solicitation is made. A stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting: (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (ii) the name and address, as they appear on the corporation’s books, of the stockholder proposing such business, (iii) the class and number of shares of the corporation which are beneficially owned by the stockholder, (iv) any material interest of the stockholder in such business and (v) any other information that is required to be provided by the stockholder pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), in his capacity as a proponent to a stockholder proposal. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in order to include information with respect to a stockholder proposal in the proxy statement and form of proxy for a stockholder’s meeting, stockholders must provide notice as required by the regulations promulgated under the 1934 Act. Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at any annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this paragraph. The chairman of the annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare at the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting and in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph, and, if he should so determine, he shall so declare at the meeting that any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.

Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this paragraph shall be eligible for election as Directors. Nominations of persons for election to the board of directors of the corporation may be made at a meeting of stockholders by or at the direction of the board of directors or by any stockholder of the corporation entitled to vote in the election of Directors at the meeting who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this paragraph. Such nominations, other than those made by or at the direction of the board of directors, shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the Secretary of the corporation in accordance with the provisions of the prior paragraph of this Section 2.2. Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth (i) as to each person, if any, whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a Director: (A) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (B) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (C) the class and number of shares of the corporation which are beneficially owned by such person, (D) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the stockholder and each nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the nominations are to be made by the stockholder, and (E) any other information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for elections of Directors, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the 1934 Act (including without limitation such person’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement, if any, as a nominee and to serving as a Director if elected); and (ii) as to such stockholder giving notice, the information required to be provided pursuant to the preceding paragraph of this Section 2.2. At the request of the board of directors, any person nominated by a stockholder for election as a Director shall furnish to the Secretary of the corporation that information required to be set forth in the stockholder’s notice of nomination which pertains to the

 

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nominee. No person shall be eligible for election as a Director of the corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this paragraph (c). The chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrants, determine and declare at the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by these Bylaws, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare at the meeting, and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.

 

  2.3 SPECIAL MEETING

A special meeting of the stockholders may be called at any time by the board of directors.

 

  2.4 NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS

All notices of meetings of stockholders shall be sent or otherwise given in accordance with Section 2.5 of these bylaws not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting. The notice shall specify the place, date and hour of the meeting and (i) in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called (no business other than that specified in the notice may be transacted) or (ii) in the case of the annual meeting, those matters which the board of directors, at the time of giving the notice, intends to present for action by the stockholders (but any proper matter may be presented at the meeting for such action). The notice of any meeting at which directors are to be elected shall include the name of any nominee or nominees who, at the time of the notice, the board intends to present for election.

 

  2.5 ADVANCE NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDER NOMINEES AND STOCKHOLDER BUSINESS

To be properly brought before an annual meeting or special meeting, nominations for the election of directors or other business must be (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the board of directors, (b) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the board of directors or (c) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder.

 

  2.6 MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE; AFFIDAVIT OF NOTICE

Written notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be given either personally or by first-class mail or by telegraphic or other written communication. Notices not personally delivered shall be sent charges prepaid and shall be addressed to the stockholder at the address of that stockholder appearing on the books of the corporation or given by the stockholder to the corporation for the purpose of notice. Notice shall be deemed to have been given at the time when delivered personally or deposited in the mail or sent by telegram or other means of written communication.

An affidavit of the mailing or other means of giving any notice of any stockholders’ meeting, executed by the secretary, assistant secretary or any transfer agent of the corporation giving the notice, shall be prima facie evidence of the giving of such notice.

 

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  2.7 QUORUM

The holders of a majority in voting power of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business except as otherwise provided by statute or by the certificate of incorporation. If, however, such quorum is not present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, then either (i) the chairman of the meeting or (ii) the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting in accordance with Section 2.7 of these bylaws.

When a quorum is present at any meeting, the vote of the holders of a majority of the stock having voting power present in person or represented by proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting, unless the question is one upon which, by express provision of the laws of the State of Delaware or of the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, a different vote is required, in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of the question.

If a quorum be initially present, the stockholders may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum, if any action taken is approved by a majority of the stockholders initially constituting the quorum.

 

  2.8 ADJOURNED MEETING; NOTICE

When a meeting is adjourned to another time and place, unless these bylaws otherwise require, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting the corporation may transact any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.

 

  2.9 VOTING

The stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.11 of these bylaws, subject to the provisions of Sections 217 and 218 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware (relating to voting rights of fiduciaries, pledgors and joint owners, and to voting trusts and other voting agreements).

Except as may be otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, each stockholder shall be entitled to as many votes as shall equal the number of votes which such stockholder would be entitled to cast for the election of directors with respect to his or her shares of stock multiplied by the number of directors to be elected and may cast all such votes for any director or for any two or more of them as such stockholder may see fit.

 

  2.10 SHAREHOLDER ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT

The stockholders of the corporation may not take action by written consent without a meeting. Any such actions must be taken at a duly called annual or special meeting.

 

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  2.11 RECORD DATE FOR STOCKHOLDER NOTICE; VOTING

For purposes of determining the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting or to vote thereat, the board of directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors and which shall not be more than sixty (60) days nor less than ten (10) days before the date of any such meeting, and in such event only stockholders of record on the date so fixed are entitled to notice and to vote, notwithstanding any transfer of any shares on the books of the corporation after the record date.

If the board of directors does not so fix a record date, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held.

A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting unless the board of directors fixes a new record date for the adjourned meeting, but the board of directors shall fix a new record date if the meeting is adjourned for more than thirty (30) days from the date set for the original meeting.

The record date for any other purpose shall be as provided in Section 8.1 of these bylaws.

 

  2.12 PROXIES

Every person entitled to vote for directors, or on any other matter, shall have the right to do so either in person or by one or more agents authorized by a written proxy signed by the person and filed with the secretary of the corporation, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after 11 months from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. A proxy shall be deemed signed if the stockholder’s name is placed on the proxy (whether by manual signature, typewriting, telegraphic transmission, facsimile or otherwise) by the stockholder or the stockholder’s attorney-in-fact. The revocability of a proxy that states on its face that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of Section 212(e) of the General Corporation Law of Delaware.

 

  2.13 ORGANIZATION

The president, or in the absence of the president, the chairman of the board, shall call the meeting of the stockholders to order, and shall act as chairman of the meeting. In the absence of the president, the chairman of the board, and all of the vice presidents, the stockholders shall appoint a chairman for such meeting. The chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedures at the meeting, including such matters as the regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of business. The secretary of the corporation shall act as secretary of all meetings of the stockholders, but in the absence of the secretary at any meeting of the stockholders, the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

 

  2.14 LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE

The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.

 

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ARTICLE III

DIRECTORS

 

  3.1 POWERS

Subject to the provisions of the General Corporation Law of Delaware and to any limitations in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws relating to action required to be approved by the stockholders or by the outstanding shares, the business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed and all corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the board of directors.

 

  3.2 NUMBER OF DIRECTORS

The number of directors may be set by resolution duly adopted by the board of directors, or by an amendment to this bylaw duly adopted by the board of directors or by the stockholders, or by a duly adopted amendment to the certificate of incorporation, at one or more directors.

 

  3.3 ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE OF DIRECTORS

Except as provided in Section 3.4 of these bylaws, directors shall be elected at each annual meeting of stockholders to hold office until the next annual meeting. Each director, including a director elected or appointed to fill a vacancy, shall hold office until the expiration of the term for which elected and until a successor has been elected and qualified.

 

  3.4 RESIGNATION AND VACANCIES

Any director may resign effective on giving written notice to the chairman of the board, the president, the secretary or the board of directors, unless the notice specifies a later time for that resignation to become effective. If the resignation of a director is effective at a future time, the board of directors may elect a successor to take office when the resignation becomes effective.

Vacancies in the board of directors may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. Each director so elected shall hold office until the next annual meeting of the stockholders and until a successor has been elected and qualified.

Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws:

 

  i. Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors elected by all of the stockholders having the right to vote as a single class may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director.

 

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  ii. Whenever the holders of any class or classes of stock or series thereof are entitled to elect one or more directors by the provisions of the certificate of incorporation, vacancies and newly created directorships of such class or classes or series may be filled by a majority of the directors elected by such class or classes or series thereof then in office, or by a sole remaining director so elected.

 

  iii. A vacancy created by the removal of a director may be filled by a majority of directors then in office or the stockholders.

If at any time, by reason of death or resignation or other cause, the corporation should have no directors in office, then any officer or any stockholder or an executor, administrator, trustee or guardian of a stockholder, or other fiduciary entrusted with like responsibility for the person or estate of a stockholder, may call a special meeting of stockholders in accordance with the provisions of the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, or may apply to the Court of Chancery for a decree summarily ordering an election as provided in Section 211 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware.

If, at the time of filling any vacancy or any newly created directorship, the directors then in office constitute less than a majority of the whole board (as constituted immediately prior to any such the Court of Chancery may, upon application of any stockholder or stockholders holding at least ten (10) percent of the total number of the shares at the time outstanding having the right to vote for such directors, summarily order an election to be held to fill any such vacancies or newly created directorships, or to replace the directors chosen by the directors then in office as aforesaid, which election shall be governed by the provisions of Section 211 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware as far as applicable.

 

  3.5 REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS

Unless otherwise restricted by statute, by the certificate of incorporation or by these bylaws, any director or the entire board of directors may be removed, with cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors; provided, however, that, if and so long as stockholders of the corporation are entitled to cumulative voting, if less than the entire board is to be removed, no director may be removed without cause if the votes cast against his removal would be sufficient to elect him if then cumulatively voted at an election of the entire board of directors.

For purposes of the foregoing paragraph, “cause” shall mean (i) continued willful failure to perform the obligations of a director, (ii) gross negligence by the director, (iii) engaging in transactions that defraud the corporation, (iv) fraud or intentional misrepresentation, including falsifying use of funds and intentional misstatements made in financial statements, books, records or reports to stockholders or governmental agencies, (v) material violation of any agreement between the director and the corporation, (vi) knowingly causing the corporation to commit violations of applicable law (including by failure to act), (vii) acts of moral turpitude or (viii) conviction of a felony.

No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director prior to the expiration of such director’s term of office.

 

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  3.6 PLACE OF MEETINGS; MEETINGS BY TELEPHONE

Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held at any place within or outside the State of Delaware that has been designated from time to time by resolution of the board. In the absence of such a designation, regular meetings shall be held at the principal executive office of the corporation. Special meetings of the board may be held at any place within or outside the State of Delaware that has been designated in the notice of the meeting or, if not stated in the notice or if there is no notice, at the principal executive office of the corporation.

Any meeting of the board, regular or special, may be held by conference telephone or similar communication equipment, so long as all directors participating in the meeting can hear one another; and all such participating directors shall be deemed to be present in person at the meeting.

 

  3.7 FIRST MEETINGS

The first meeting of each newly elected board of directors shall be held at such time and place as shall be fixed by the vote of the stockholders at the annual meeting. In the event of the failure of the stockholders to fix the time or place of such first meeting of the newly elected board of directors, or in the event such meeting is not held at the time and place so fixed by the stockholders, the meeting may be held at such time and place as shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the board of directors, or as shall be specified in a written waiver signed by all of the directors.

 

  3.8 REGULAR MEETINGS

Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held without notice at such time as shall from time to time be determined by the board of directors. If any regular meeting day shall fall on a legal holiday, then the meeting shall be held at the same time and place on the next succeeding full business day.

 

  3.9 SPECIAL MEETINGS; NOTICE

Special meetings of the board of directors for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the chairman of the board, the president, any vice president, the secretary or any two directors.

Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be delivered personally or by telephone to each director or sent by first-class mail, facsimile or telegram, charges prepaid, or electronic mail, addressed to each director at that director’s address, telephone number, facsimile number or electronic mail address, as the case may be, as it is shown on the records of the corporation. If the notice is mailed, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least four (4) days before the time of the holding of the meeting. If the notice is delivered personally or by telephone, facsimile, electronic mail or telegram, it shall be delivered personally or by telephone or to the telegraph company at least forty-eight (48) hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice given personally or by telephone may be communicated either to the director or to a person at the office of the director who the person giving the notice has reason to believe will promptly communicate it to the director. The notice need not specify the purpose or the place of the meeting, if the meeting is to be held at the principal executive office of the corporation.

 

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  3.10 QUORUM

A majority of the authorized number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, except to adjourn as provided in Section 3.12 of these bylaws. Every act or decision done or made by a majority of the directors present at a duly held meeting at which a quorum is present shall be regarded as the act of the board of directors, subject to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation and applicable law.

A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the quorum for that meeting.

 

  3.11 WAIVER OF NOTICE

Notice of a meeting need not be given to any director (i) who signs a waiver of notice, whether before or after the meeting, or (ii) who attends the meeting other than for the express purposed of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. All such waivers shall be filed with the corporate records or made part of the minutes of the meeting. A waiver of notice need not specify the purpose of any regular or special meeting of the board of directors.

 

  3.12 ADJOURNMENT

A majority of the directors present, whether or not constituting a quorum, may adjourn any meeting of the board to another time and place.

 

  3.13 NOTICE OF ADJOURNMENT

Notice of the time and place of holding an adjourned meeting of the board of directors need not be given unless the meeting is adjourned for more than twenty-four (24) hours. If the meeting is adjourned for more than twenty-four (24) hours, then notice of the time and place of the adjourned meeting shall be given before the adjourned meeting takes place, in the manner specified in Section 3.9 of these bylaws, to the directors who were not present at the time of the adjournment.

 

  3.14 BOARD ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT WITHOUT A MEETING

Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board of directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the board of directors or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.

 

  3.15 FEES AND COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS

Directors and members of committees may receive such compensation, if any, for their services and such reimbursement of expenses as may be fixed or determined by resolution of the board of directors. This Section 3.15 shall not be construed to preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity as an officer, agent, employee or otherwise and receiving compensation for those services.

 

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  3.16 APPROVAL OF LOANS TO OFFICERS

The corporation may lend money to, or guarantee any obligation of, or otherwise assist any officer or other employee of the corporation or any of its subsidiaries, including any officer or employee who is a director of the corporation or any of its subsidiaries, whenever, in the judgment of the directors, such loan, guaranty or assistance may reasonably be expected to benefit the corporation. The loan, guaranty or other assistance may be with or without interest and may be unsecured, or secured in such manner as the board of directors shall approve, including, without limitation, a pledge of shares of stock of the corporation. Nothing contained in this section shall be deemed to deny, limit or restrict the powers of guaranty or warranty of the corporation at common law or under any statute.

 

  3.17 SOLE DIRECTOR PROVIDED BY CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

In the event only one director is required by these bylaws or the certificate of incorporation, then any reference herein to notices, waivers, consents, meetings or other actions by a majority or quorum of the directors shall be deemed to refer to such notice, waiver, etc., by such sole director, who shall have all the rights and duties and shall be entitled to exercise all of the powers and shall assume all the responsibilities otherwise herein described as given to the board of directors.

ARTICLE IV

COMMITTEES

 

  4.1 COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS

The board of directors may, by resolution adopted by a majority of the authorized number of directors, designate one (1) or more committees, each consisting of two or more directors, to serve at the pleasure of the board. The board may designate one (1) or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. The appointment of members or alternate members of a committee requires the vote of a majority of the authorized number of directors. Any committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the board, but no such committee shall have the power or authority to (i) amend the certificate of incorporation (except that a committee may, to the extent authorized in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of shares of stock adopted by the board of directors as provided in Section 151(a) of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, fix the designations and any of the preferences or rights of such shares relating to dividends, redemption, dissolution, any distribution of assets of the corporation or the conversion into, or the exchange of such shares for, shares of any other class or classes or any other series of the same or any other class or classes of stock of the corporation), (ii) adopt an agreement of merger or consolidation under Sections 251 or 252 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, (iii) recommend to the stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the corporation’s property and assets, (iv) recommend to the stockholders a

 

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dissolution of the corporation or a revocation of a dissolution or (v) amend the bylaws of the corporation; and, unless the board resolution establishing the committee, the bylaws or the certificate of incorporation expressly so provide, no such committee shall have the power or authority to declare a dividend, to authorize the issuance of stock, or to adopt a certificate of ownership and merger pursuant to Section 253 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware.

 

  4.2 MEETINGS AND ACTION OF COMMITTEES

Meetings and actions of committees shall be governed by, and held and taken in accordance with, the following provisions of Article III of these bylaws: Section 3.6 (place of meetings; meetings by telephone), Section 3.8 (regular meetings), Section 3.9 (special meetings; notice), Section 3.10 (quorum), Section 3.11 (waiver of notice), Section 3.12 (adjournment), Section 3.13 (notice of adjournment) and Section 3.14 (board action by written consent without meeting), with such changes in the context of those bylaws as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the board of directors and its members; provided, however, that the time of regular meetings of committees may be determined either by resolution of the board of directors or by resolution of the committee, that special meetings of committees may also be called by resolution of the board of directors, and that notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members, who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The board of directors may adopt rules for the government of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these bylaws.

 

  4.3 COMMITTEE MINUTES

Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the board of directors when required.

ARTICLE V

OFFICERS

 

  5.1 OFFICERS

The Corporate Officers of the corporation shall be a chief executive officer and president, a secretary and a chief financial officer. The corporation may also have, at the discretion of the board of directors, a chairman of the board, one or more vice presidents (however denominated), one or more assistant secretaries, one or more assistant treasurers, and such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.3 of these bylaws. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.

In addition to the Corporate Officers of the Company described above, there may also be such Administrative Officers of the corporation as may be designated and appointed from time to time by the president of the corporation in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.12 of these bylaws.

 

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  5.2 ELECTION OF OFFICERS

The Corporate Officers of the corporation, except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.3 or Section 5.5 of these bylaws, shall be chosen by the board of directors, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment, and shall hold their respective offices for such terms as the board of directors may from time to time determine.

 

  5.3 SUBORDINATE OFFICERS

The board of directors may appoint, or may empower the president to appoint, such other Corporate Officers as the business of the corporation may require, each of whom shall hold office for such period, have such power and authority, and perform such duties as are provided in these bylaws or as the board of directors may from time to time determine.

The president may from time to time designate and appoint Administrative Officers of the corporation in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.12 of these bylaws.

 

  5.4 REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF OFFICERS

Subject to the rights, if any, of a Corporate Officer under any contract of employment, any Corporate Officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by the board of directors at any regular or special meeting of the board or, except in case of a Corporate Officer chosen by the board of directors, by any Corporate Officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the board of directors.

Any Corporate Officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the corporation. Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or at any later time specified in that notice; and, unless otherwise specified in that notice, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the corporation under any contract to which the Corporate Officer is a party.

Any Administrative Officer designated and appointed by the president may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time by the president. Any Administrative Officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the president or to the secretary of the corporation.

 

  5.5 VACANCIES IN OFFICES

A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other cause shall be filled in the manner prescribed in these bylaws for regular appointments to that office.

 

  5.6 CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD

The chairman of the board, if such an officer be elected, shall, if present, preside at meetings of the board of directors and exercise such other powers and perform such other duties as may from time to time be assigned to him by the board of directors or as may be prescribed by these bylaws. If there is no president, then the chairman of the board shall also be the chief executive officer of the corporation and shall have the powers and duties prescribed in Section 5.7 of these bylaws.

 

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  5.7 CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRESIDENT

Subject to such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by the board of directors to the chairman of the board, if there be such an officer, the president shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation and shall, subject to the control of the board of directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and the officers of the corporation. He or she shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and, in the absence or nonexistence of a chairman of the board, at all meetings of the board of directors. He or she shall have the general powers and duties of management usually vested in the office of president of a corporation, and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or these bylaws.

 

  5.8 VICE PRESIDENTS

In the absence or disability of the president, and if there is no chairman of the board, the vice presidents, if any, in order of their rank as fixed by the board of directors or, if not ranked, a vice president designated by the board of directors, shall perform all the duties of the president and when so acting shall have all the powers of, and be subject to all the restrictions upon, the president. The vice presidents shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as from time to time may be prescribed for them respectively by the board of directors, these bylaws, the president or the chairman of the board.

 

  5.9 SECRETARY

The secretary shall keep or cause to be kept, at the principal executive office of the corporation or such other place as the board of directors may direct, a book of minutes of all meetings and actions of the board of directors, committees of directors and stockholders. The minutes shall show the time and place of each meeting, whether regular or special (and, if special, how authorized and the notice given), the names of those present at directors’ meetings or committee meetings, the number of shares present or represented at stockholders’ meetings and the proceedings thereof.

The secretary shall keep, or cause to be kept, at the principal executive office of the corporation or at the office of the corporation’s transfer agent or registrar, as determined by resolution of the board of directors, a share register or a duplicate share register, showing the names of all stockholders and their addresses, the number and classes of shares held by each, the number and date of certificates evidencing such shares and the number and date of cancellation of every certificate surrendered for cancellation.

The secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and of the board of directors required to be given by law or by these bylaws. He or she shall keep the seal of the corporation, if one be adopted, in safe custody and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or by these bylaws.

 

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  5.10 CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

The chief financial officer shall keep and maintain, or cause to be kept and maintained, adequate and correct books and records of accounts of the properties and business transactions of the corporation, including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements, gains, losses, capital, retained earnings and shares. The books of account shall at all reasonable times be open to inspection by any director for a purpose reasonably related to his position as a director.

The chief financial officer shall deposit all money and other valuables in the name and to the credit of the corporation with such depositaries as may be designated by the board of directors. He or she shall disburse the funds of the corporation as may be ordered by the board of directors, shall render to the president and directors, whenever they request it, an account of all of his or her transactions as chief financial officer and of the financial condition of the corporation, and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or these bylaws.

 

  5.11 ASSISTANT SECRETARY

The assistant secretary, if any, or, if there is more than one, the assistant secretaries in the order determined by the board of directors (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their election) shall, in the absence of the secretary or in the event of his or her inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the secretary and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the board of directors may from time to time prescribe.

 

  5.12 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICERS

In addition to the Corporate Officers of the corporation as provided in Section 5.1 of these bylaws and such subordinate Corporate Officers as may be appointed in accordance with Section 5.3 of these bylaws, there may also be such Administrative Officers of the corporation as may be designated and appointed from time to time by the president of the corporation. Administrative Officers shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be determined by the president or the board of directors in order to assist the Corporate Officers in the furtherance of their duties. In the performance of such duties and the exercise of such powers, however, such Administrative Officers shall have limited authority to act on behalf of the corporation as the board of directors shall establish, including but not limited to limitations on the dollar amount and on the scope of agreements or commitments that may be made by such Administrative Officers on behalf of the corporation, which limitations may not be exceeded by such individuals or altered by the president without further approval by the board of directors.

 

  5.13 AUTHORITY AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS

In addition to the foregoing powers, authority and duties, all officers of the corporation shall respectively have such authority and powers and perform such duties in the management of the business of the corporation as may be designated from time to time by the board of directors.

 

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ARTICLE VI

INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES

AND OTHER AGENTS

 

  6.1 INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

The corporation shall, to the maximum extent and in the manner permitted by the General Corporation Law of Delaware as the same now exists or may hereafter be amended, indemnify any person against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines, and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, or proceeding in which such person was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the corporation. For purposes of this Section 6.1, a “director” or “officer” of the corporation shall mean any person (i) who is or was a director or officer of the corporation, (ii) who is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or (iii) who was a director or officer of a corporation which was a predecessor corporation of the corporation or of another enterprise at the request of such predecessor corporation.

The corporation shall be required to indemnify a director or officer in connection with an action, suit, or proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such director or officer only if the initiation of such action, suit, or proceeding (or part thereof) by the director or officer was authorized by the board of directors of the corporation.

The corporation shall pay the expenses (including attorney’s fees) incurred by a director or officer of the corporation entitled to indemnification hereunder in defending any action, suit or proceeding referred to in this Section 6.1 in advance of its final disposition; provided, however, that payment of expenses incurred by a director or officer of the corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding shall be made only upon receipt of an undertaking by the director or officer to repay all amounts advanced if it should ultimately be determined that the director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified under this Section 6.1 or otherwise.

The rights conferred on any person by this Article shall not be exclusive of any other rights which such person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, these bylaws, agreement, vote of the stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

Any repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions of this Article shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of any person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such repeal or modification.

 

  6.2 INDEMNIFICATION OF OTHERS

The corporation shall have the power, to the maximum extent and in the manner permitted by the General Corporation Law of Delaware as the same now exists or may hereafter be amended, to indemnify any person (other than directors and officers) against expenses (including attorneys’ fees),

 

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judgments, fines, and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, or proceeding, in which such person was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party by reason of the fact that such person is or was an employee or agent of the corporation. For purposes of this Section 6.2, an “employee” or “agent” of the corporation (other than a director or officer) shall mean any person (i) who is or was an employee or agent of the corporation, (ii) who is or was serving at the request of the corporation as an employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or (iii) who was an employee or agent of a corporation which was a predecessor corporation of the corporation or of another enterprise at the request of such predecessor corporation.

 

  6.3 INSURANCE

The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him or her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify him or her against such liability under the provisions of the General Corporation Law of Delaware.

ARTICLE VII

RECORDS AND REPORTS

 

  7.1 MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION OF RECORDS

The corporation shall, either at its principal executive office or at such place or places as designated by the board of directors, keep a record of its stockholders listing their names and addresses and the number and class of shares held by each stockholder, a copy of these bylaws as amended to date, accounting books and other records of its business and properties.

Any stockholder of record, in person or by attorney or other agent, shall, upon written demand under oath stating the purpose thereof, have the right during the usual hours for business to inspect for any proper purpose the corporation’s stock ledger, a list of its stockholders, and its other books and records and to make copies or extracts therefrom. A proper purpose shall mean a purpose reasonably related to such person’s interest as a stockholder. In every instance where an attorney or other agent is the person who seeks the right to inspection, the demand under oath shall be accompanied by a power of attorney or such other writing that authorizes the attorney or other agent to so act on behalf of the stockholder. The demand under oath shall be directed to the corporation at its registered office in Delaware or at its principal place of business.

 

  7.2 INSPECTION BY DIRECTORS

Any director shall have the right to examine the corporation’s stock ledger, a list of its stockholders and its other books and records for a purpose reasonably related to his or her position as a director.

 

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  7.3 ANNUAL STATEMENT TO STOCKHOLDERS

The board of directors shall present at each annual meeting, and at any special meeting of the stockholders when called for by vote of the stockholders, a full and clear statement of the business and condition of the corporation.

 

  7.4 REPRESENTATION OF SHARES OF OTHER CORPORATIONS

The chairman of the board, if any, the president, any vice president, the chief financial officer, the secretary or any assistant secretary of this corporation, or any other person authorized by the board of directors or the president or a vice president, is authorized to vote, represent and exercise on behalf of this corporation all rights incident to any and all shares of the stock of any other corporation or corporations standing in the name of this corporation. The authority herein granted may be exercised either by such person directly or by any other person authorized to do so by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by such person having the authority.

 

  7.5 CERTIFICATION AND INSPECTION OF BYLAWS

The original or a copy of these bylaws, as amended or otherwise altered to date, certified by the secretary, shall be kept at the corporation’s principal executive office and shall be open to inspection by the stockholders of the corporation, at all reasonable times during office hours.

ARTICLE VIII

GENERAL MATTERS

 

  8.1 RECORD DATE FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN NOTICE AND VOTING

For purposes of determining the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted and which shall not be more than sixty (60) days before any such action. In that case, only stockholders of record at the close of business on the date so fixed are entitled to receive the dividend, distribution or allotment of rights, or to exercise such rights, as the case may be, notwithstanding any transfer of any shares on the books of the corporation after the record date so fixed, except as otherwise provided by law.

If the board of directors does not so fix a record date, then the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the board of directors adopts the applicable resolution.

 

  8.2 CHECKS; DRAFTS; EVIDENCES OF INDEBTEDNESS

From time to time, the board of directors shall determine by resolution which person or persons may sign or endorse all checks, drafts, other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness that are issued in the name of or payable to the corporation, and only the persons so authorized shall sign or endorse those instruments.

 

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  8.3 CORPORATE CONTRACTS AND INSTRUMENTS: HOW EXECUTED

The board of directors, except as otherwise provided in these bylaws, may authorize and empower any officer or officers, or agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation; such power and authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized or ratified by the board of directors or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount.

 

  8.4 STOCK CERTIFICATES; TRANSFER; PARTLY PAID SHARES

The shares of the corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the board of directors of the corporation may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the corporation. Notwithstanding the adoption of such a resolution by the board of directors, every holder of stock represented by certificates and, upon request, every holder of uncertificated shares, shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the corporation by, the chairman or vice-chairman of the board of directors, or the president or vice-president, and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant secretary of such corporation representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if he or she were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

Certificates for shares shall be of such form and device as the board of directors may designate and shall state the name of the record holder of the shares represented thereby; its number; date of issuance; the number of shares for which it is issued; a summary statement or reference to the powers, designations, preferences or other special rights of such stock and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights, if any; a statement or summary of liens, if any; a conspicuous notice of restrictions upon transfer or registration of transfer, if any; a statement as to any applicable voting trust agreement; if the shares be assessable, or, if assessments are collectible by personal action, a plain statement of such facts.

In the case of certificated shares of stock, upon surrender to the secretary or transfer agent of the corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books. In the case of uncertificated shares of stock, upon delivery to the secretary or transfer agent of the corporation of proper transfer instructions duly executed by the registered holder of the shares or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the corporation to issue new uncertificated shares to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old uncertificated shares and record the transaction upon its books.

 

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The corporation may issue the whole or any part of its shares as partly paid and subject to call for the remainder of the consideration to be paid therefor. Upon the face or back of each stock certificate issued to represent any such partly paid shares, or upon the books and records of the corporation in the case of uncertificated partly paid shares, the total amount of the consideration to be paid therefor and the amount paid thereon shall be stated. Upon the declaration of any dividend on fully paid shares, the corporation shall declare a dividend upon partly paid shares of the same class, but only upon the basis of the percentage of the consideration actually paid thereon.

 

  8.5 SPECIAL DESIGNATION ON CERTIFICATES

If the corporation is authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, then the powers, the designations, the preferences and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock; provided, however, that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, in lieu of the foregoing requirements there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, the designations, the preferences and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.

 

  8.6 LOST CERTIFICATES

Except as provided in this Section 8.6, no new certificates for shares shall be issued to replace a previously issued certificate unless the latter is surrendered to the corporation and canceled at the same time. The board of directors may, in case any share certificate or certificate for any other security is lost, stolen or destroyed, authorize the issuance of replacement certificates on such terms and conditions as the board may require; the board may require indemnification of the corporation secured by a bond or other adequate security sufficient to protect the corporation against any claim that may be made against it, including any expense or liability, on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of the certificate or the issuance of the replacement certificate.

 

  8.7 TRANSFER AGENTS AND REGISTRARS

The board of directors may appoint one or more transfer agents or transfer clerks, and one or more registrars, each of which shall be an incorporated bank or trust company — either domestic or foreign, who shall be appointed at such times and places as the requirements of the corporation may necessitate and the board of directors may designate.

 

  8.8 CONSTRUCTION; DEFINITIONS

Unless the context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction and definitions in the General Corporation Law of Delaware shall govern the construction of these bylaws. Without limiting the generality of this provision, as used in these bylaws, the singular number includes the plural, the plural number includes the singular, and the term “person” includes both an entity and a natural person.

 

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ARTICLE IX

MANNER OF GIVING NOTICE AND WAIVER

 

  9.1 NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS

Notice of any meeting of stockholders, if mailed, is given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the corporation’s records. An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation or of the transfer agent or other agent of the corporation that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.

 

  9.2 NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION

Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any notice to stockholders given by the corporation under any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the corporation. Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if:

(i) the corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the corporation in accordance with such consent; and

(ii) such inability becomes known to the secretary or an assistant secretary of the corporation or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice.

However, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action.

Any notice given pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall be deemed given:

(i) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice;

(ii) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice;

(iii) if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A) such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; and

(iv) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder.

 

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An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the corporation that the notice has been given by a form of electronic transmission shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.

An “electronic transmission” means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved, and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.

Notice by a form of electronic transmission shall not apply to Sections 164, 296, 311, 312 or 324 of the Delaware General Corporation Law.

 

  9.3 NOTICE TO STOCKHOLDERS SHARING AN ADDRESS

Except as otherwise prohibited under the Delaware General Corporation Law, without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the corporation under the provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws shall be effective if given by a single written notice to stockholders who share an address if consented to by the stockholders at that address to whom such notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the corporation. Any stockholder who fails to object in writing to the corporation, within 60 days of having been given written notice by the corporation of its intention to send the single notice, shall be deemed to have consented to receiving such single written notice.

 

  9.4 NOTICE TO PERSON WITH WHOM COMMUNICATION IS UNLAWFUL

Whenever notice is required to be given, under the Delaware General Corporation Law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the corporation is such as to require the filing of a certificate under the Delaware General Corporation Law, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.

 

  9.5 WAIVER OF NOTICE

Whenever notice is required to be given under any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, a written waiver, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws.

 

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ARTICLE X

AMENDMENTS

The original or other bylaws of the corporation may be adopted, amended or repealed by the stockholders entitled to vote; provided, however, that the corporation may, in its certificate of incorporation, confer the power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws upon the directors. The fact that such power has been so conferred upon the directors shall not divest the stockholders of the power, nor limit their power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws.

Whenever an amendment or new bylaw is adopted, it shall be copied in the book of bylaws with the original bylaws, in the appropriate place. If any bylaw is repealed, the fact of repeal with the date of the meeting at which the repeal was enacted or the filing of the operative written consent(s) shall be stated in said book.

 

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EX-10.18 3 dex1018.htm 1996 STOCK INCENTIVE PROGRAM AS AMENDED AND RESTATED 1996 Stock Incentive Program as Amended and Restated

Exhibit 10.18

TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

1996 STOCK INCENTIVE PROGRAM

(AS AMENDED EFFECTIVE MARCH 2008)

1. Purposes of the Program. The purposes of this Stock Incentive Program are to attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of substantial responsibility, to provide additional incentive to the Employees, Consultants and certain Outside Directors of the Company and to promote the success of the Company’s business.

The Program permits the grant of Incentive Stock Options, Nonstatutory Stock Options, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Stock Appreciation Rights, Performance Units, Performance Shares and other stock or cash awards at the discretion of the Administrator and as reflected in the terms of the Award Agreement. The Program also provides for automatic grants of Nonstatutory Stock Options to Outside Directors who are neither representatives nor employees or stockholders owning more than one percent (1%) of the outstanding shares of the Company.

2. Definitions. As used herein, the following definitions shall apply:

(a) “Administrator” shall mean the Board or any of its Committees as shall be administering the Program, in accordance with Section 4 of the Program.

(b) “Annual Director Grant” shall mean the Complete Annual Director Grant and the Partial Annual Director Grant, collectively.

(c) “Applicable Laws” means the requirements relating to the administration of equity plans under U.S. state corporate laws, U.S. federal and state securities laws, the Code, any stock exchange or quotation system on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and the applicable laws of any foreign country or jurisdiction where Awards are, or will be, granted under the Program.

(d) “Award” means, individually or collectively, a grant under the Program of Options, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Stock Appreciation Rights, Performance Units, Performance Shares and other stock or cash awards as the Administrator may determine.

(e) “Award Agreement” means the written or electronic agreement setting forth the terms and provisions applicable to each Award granted under the Program including an Option Agreement. The Award Agreement is subject to the terms and conditions of the Program.

(f) “Board” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company.

(g) “Chairman Grant” shall mean the automatic Option grant made to the Company’s Chairman of the Board pursuant to Section 8(e).

(h) “Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

(i) “Committee” shall mean a Committee appointed by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 4 of the Program.

(j) “Common Stock” shall mean the Common Stock of the Company.

(k) “Company” shall mean TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc., a Delaware corporation.

(l) “Complete Annual Director Grant” shall mean the automatic Option grant made to the Outside Directors pursuant to Section 8(c).

(m) “Consultant” shall mean any person who is engaged by the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary to render consulting services and is compensated for such consulting services; provided that the term Consultant shall not include directors who are not compensated for their services; or are paid only a director’s fee by the Company.

(n) “Continuous Status as an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director” shall mean the absence of any interruption or termination of service as an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director. Continuous Status as an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director shall not be considered interrupted in the case of sick leave, military leave, or any other leave of absence approved by the Administrator.


(o) “Determination Date” means the latest possible date that will not jeopardize the qualification of an Award granted under the Program as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code.

(p) “Director” shall mean a member of the Board.

(q) “Employee” shall mean any person, including Officers and Directors, employed by the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary of the Company. The payment of a Director’s fee by the Company shall not be sufficient to constitute “employment” by the Company.

(r) “Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

(s) “Incentive Stock Option” means an Option that by its terms qualifies and is otherwise intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

(t) “Initial Director Grant” shall mean the automatic Option grant made to an Outside Director pursuant to Section 8(b).

(u) “Nonstatutory Stock Option” means an Option that by its terms does not qualify or is not intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.

(v) “Officer” shall mean a person who is an officer of the Company within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

(w) “Option” shall mean a stock option granted pursuant to the Program.

(x) “Option Agreement” means a written or electronic agreement between the Company and an Optionee evidencing the terms and conditions of an individual Option grant. The Option Agreement is subject to the terms and conditions of the Program.

(y) “Optioned Stock” shall mean the Common Stock subject to an Award.

(z) “Optionee” shall mean an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director who holds an outstanding Option.

(aa) “Outside Director” shall mean a member of the Board of Directors of the Company who is not an Employee.

(bb) “Parent” shall mean a “parent corporation”, whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(e) of the Code.

(cc) “Partial Director Annual Grant” shall mean the automatic Option grant made to an Outside Director on a date other than the date of an annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders pursuant to Section 8(d).

(dd) “Participant” means the holder of an outstanding Award including an Optionee.

(ee) “Performance Period” means any fiscal year of the Company or such other period as determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion.

(ff) “Performance Share” means an Award denominated in Shares which may be earned in whole or in part upon attainment of Performance Goals or other vesting criteria as the Administrator may determine pursuant to Section 12.

(gg) “Performance Unit” means an Award which may be earned in whole or in part upon attainment of Performance Goals or other vesting criteria as the Administrator may determine and which may be settled for cash, Shares or other securities or a combination of the foregoing pursuant to Section 12.

(hh) “Period of Restriction” means the period during which the transfer of Shares of Restricted Stock are subject to restrictions and therefore, the Shares are subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture. Such restrictions may be based on the passage of time, the achievement of target levels of performance, or the occurrence of other events as determined by the Administrator.


(ii) “Program” shall mean this 1996 Stock Incentive Program.

(jj) “Restricted Stock” means Shares issued pursuant to a Restricted Stock award under Section 9 of the Program, or issued pursuant to the early exercise of an Option.

(kk) “Restricted Stock Unit” means a bookkeeping entry representing an amount equal to the Fair Market Value of one Share, granted pursuant to Section 10. Each Restricted Stock Unit represents an unfunded and unsecured obligation of the Company.

(ll) “Retirement” shall mean the termination of a Participant’s Continuous Status as an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director when any of the following are true: (i) the Participant is at least fifty-five (55) years old and he or she has completed at least seven (7) years of service as an Employee, Consultant, or, if applicable, Outside Director, (ii) the Participant is at least sixty-three (63) years old, or (iii) the Participant’s age when added to the number of years of service as an Employee, Consultant or, if applicable, Outside Director equals or exceeds seventy (70).

(mm) “Rule 16b-3” shall mean Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3, as in effect when discretion is being exercised with respect to the Program.

(nn) “Share” shall mean a share of the Common Stock, as adjusted in accordance with Section 15 of the Program.

(oo) “Stock Appreciation Right” means an Award, granted alone or in connection with an Option, that pursuant to Section 11 is designated as a Stock Appreciation Right.

(pp) “Subsidiary” shall mean a “subsidiary corporation”, whether now or hereafter existing, as defined in Section 424(f) of the Code.

3. Stock Subject to the Program.

(a) Stock Subject to the Program. Subject to the provisions of Section 15 of the Program, the maximum aggregate number of shares under the Program is 36,050,000 shares of Common Stock. The Shares may be authorized, but unissued, or reacquired Common Stock.

(b) Full Value Awards. Any Shares subject to Awards of Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Units, Performance Shares and Stock Appreciation Rights, will be counted against the numerical limits of this Section 3 as two (2) Shares for every one (1) Share subject thereto. Further, if Shares acquired pursuant to any such Award are forfeited or repurchased by the Company and would otherwise return to the Program pursuant to Section 3(c), two (2) times the number of Shares so forfeited or repurchased will return to the Program and will again become available for issuance.

(c) Lapsed Awards. If an Award expires or becomes unexercisable without having been exercised in full, or, with respect to Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares or Performance Units, is forfeited to or repurchased by the Company, the unpurchased Shares (or for Awards other than Options and Stock Appreciation Rights, the forfeited or repurchased shares) which were subject thereto will become available for future grant or sale under the Program (unless the Program has terminated). With respect to Stock Appreciation Rights, only Shares actually issued pursuant to a Stock Appreciation Right will cease to be available under the Program; all remaining Shares under Stock Appreciation Rights will remain available for future grant or sale under the Program (unless the Program has terminated). However, Shares that have actually been issued under the Program under any Award will not be returned to the Program and will not become available for future distribution under the Program; provided, however, that if unvested Shares of Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares or Performance Units are repurchased by the Company or are forfeited to the Company, such Shares will become available for future grant under the Program. Shares used to pay the tax and exercise price of an Award will become available for future grant or sale under the Program. To the extent an Award under the Program is paid out in cash rather than Shares, such cash payment will not result in reducing the number of Shares available for issuance under the Program. Notwithstanding the foregoing and, subject to adjustment provided in Section 15, the maximum number of Shares that may be issued upon the exercise of Incentive Stock Options shall equal the aggregate Share number stated in Section 3(a), plus, to the extent allowable under Section 422 of the Code, any Shares that become available for issuance under the Program under this Section 3(c).


4. Administration of the Program.

(a) Procedure.

(i) Multiple Administrative Bodies. The Program may be administered by different Committees with respect to different groups of Employees or Consultants.

(ii) Section 162(m). To the extent that the Administrator determines it to be desirable to qualify Options granted hereunder as “performance-based compensation” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code, the Program shall be administered by a Committee of two or more “outside directors” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code.

(iii) Rule 16b-3. To the extent desirable to qualify transactions hereunder as exempt under Rule 16b-3, the transactions contemplated hereunder shall be structured to satisfy the requirements for exemption under Rule 16b-3.

(iv) Other Administration. Other than as provided above, the Program shall be administered by (A) the Board or (B) a Committee, which committee shall be constituted to satisfy Applicable Laws.

(b) Power of the Administrator. Subject to the provisions of the Program, the Administrator shall have the authority, in its discretion: (i) to determine the terms and conditions of any Award granted hereunder (which need not be identical) consistent with the terms of the Program; (ii) to approve forms of agreement for use under the Program; (iii) to determine, upon review of relevant information and in accordance with Section 7(b)(ii) of the Program, the fair market value of the Common Stock; (iv) to determine the exercise price per share of Options and Stock Appreciation Rights to be granted, which exercise price shall be determined in accordance with Sections 7 and 11 of the Program; (v) to select the Employees or Consultants to whom Awards may be granted hereunder (except with respect to automatic Option grants made to certain Outside Directors); (vi) to interpret the Program; (vii) to prescribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the Program; (viii) to modify or amend each Award with the consent of the holder thereof; (ix) to authorize any person to execute on behalf of the Company any instrument required to effectuate the grant of an Award previously granted by the Administrator; (x) to allow Participants to satisfy withholding tax obligations by electing to have the Company withhold from the Shares to be issued upon exercise of an Award that number of Shares having a Fair Market Value equal to the minimum amount required to be withheld; (xi) to grant in addition to the incentives described in Sections 7, 9, 10, 11 and 12 below, other incentives payable in cash or Shares under the Program as determined by the Administrator to be in the best interests of the Company and subject to any terms and conditions the Administrator deems advisable; and (xii) to make all other determinations deemed necessary or advisable for the administration of the Program. However, with respect to Options granted to certain Outside Directors pursuant to Section 8 hereof, the Administrator shall exercise no discretion and such awards shall be administered solely according to their terms.

(c) Effect of Administrator’s Decision. All decisions, determinations and interpretations of the Administrator shall be final and binding on all Participants and any other holders of any Awards granted under the Program.

5. Eligibility. Nonstatutory Stock Options, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Stock Appreciation Rights, Performance Units, Performance Shares and such other cash or stock awards as the Administrator determines may be granted to Employees and Consultants; Options may also be granted to Outside Directors who are neither employees nor representatives of stockholders owning more than one percent (1%) of the outstanding shares of the Company. However, (i) Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to Employees, and (ii) Options may only be granted to Outside Directors who are neither Employees nor representatives of stockholders owning more than one percent (1%) of the outstanding shares of the Company in accordance with the provisions of Section 8 hereof. An Employee, Consultant or Outside Director who has been granted an Award may, if he or she is otherwise eligible, be granted an additional Award or Awards.


6. Limitations.

(a) Exercise Price; Repricing. No Awards of Options or Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted with an exercise price or purchase price that is less than 100% of the Fair Market Value per share on the date of grant. The Administrator may not modify or amend an Option or Stock Appreciation Right to reduce the exercise price of such Option or Stock Appreciation Right after it has been granted (except for adjustments made pursuant to Section 15) nor may the Administrator cancel any outstanding Option or Stock Appreciation Right and immediately replace it with a new Option or Stock Appreciation Right with a lower exercise price, unless, in either case, such action is approved by the Company’s stockholders.

(b) Outside Directors.

(i) No Awards may be granted to Outside Directors owning more than one percent (1%) of the outstanding shares of the Company.

(ii) No Options will be granted to Directors who are also Employees pursuant to the provisions of Section 8. The provisions set forth in Section 8 hereof shall not be amended more than once every six months, other than to comport with changes in the Code, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 as amended, or the rules or regulations promulgated thereunder.

(c) Section 162(m).

(i) The President and/ or Chief Executive Officer of the Company shall not be granted, in any fiscal year of the Company, Options to purchase more than 1,500,000 Shares, and no other Employee shall be granted, in any fiscal year of the Company, Options to purchase more than 500,000 Shares.

(ii) During any fiscal year of the Company, no Participant will receive more than an aggregate of 250,000 Shares of Restricted Stock; provided, however, that in connection with a Participant’s initial service as an Employee, an Employee may be granted an aggregate of up to an additional 250,000 Shares of Restricted Stock.

(iii) During any fiscal year of the Company, no Participant will receive more than an aggregate of 250,000 Restricted Stock Units; provided, however, that in connection with a Participant’s initial service as an Employee, an Employee may be granted an aggregate of up to an additional 250,000 Restricted Stock Units.

(iv) The President and/ or Chief Executive Officer of the Company shall not be granted, in any fiscal year of the Company, Stock Appreciation Rights to purchase more than 750,000 Shares, and no other Employee shall be granted, in any fiscal year of the Company, Stock Appreciation Rights to purchase more than 250,000 Shares.

(v) During any fiscal year, (a) no Participant will receive Performance Units having an initial value greater than $250,000, and (b) no Participant will receive more than 250,000 Performance Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing limitation, in connection with a Participant’s initial service as an Employee, an Employee may be granted up to an additional 250,000 Performance Shares.

(d) Incentive Stock Options.

(i) Each Option will be designated in the Award Agreement as either an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option. However, notwithstanding such designation, to the extent that the aggregate fair market value of Shares subject to an Optionee’s incentive stock options granted by the Company, any Parent or Subsidiary, which become exercisable for the first time during any calendar year (under all plans or programs of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary) exceeds $100,000, such excess Options shall be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options. For purposes of this Section 6(d)(i), incentive stock options shall be taken into account in the order in which they were granted, and the fair market value of the Shares shall be determined as of the time of grant.


(ii) In the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to an Employee who, at the time of grant of such Incentive Stock Option owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, the per Share exercise price shall be no less than 110% of the fair market value per Share on the date of grant.

(iii) The term of each Incentive Stock Option shall be ten (10) years from the date of grant thereof or such shorter term as may be provided by the Administrator. However, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to an Optionee who, at the time the Option is granted, owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, the term of the Option shall be five (5) years from the date of grant thereof or such shorter time as may be provided by the Administrator, or (b) if the Option is not an Incentive Stock Option, the term of the Option shall be five (5) years and one (1) day from the date of grant thereof or such shorter term as may be provided by the Administrator.

(e) Term of Nonstatutory Stock Option. The term of each Nonstatutory Stock Option shall be ten (10) years and one (1) day from the date of grant thereof or such shorter term as may be provided by the Administrator. In the case of a Nonstatutory Stock Option granted to an Optionee who, at the time the Option is granted, owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary the Option is not an Incentive Stock Option, the term of the Option shall be five (5) years and one (1) day from the date of grant thereof or such shorter term as may be provided by the Administrator.

(f) Reload Awards. The Administrator will not be permitted to grant an Option with a “reload” feature whereby a Participant who exercises an Option with Shares is immediately and automatically granted a new Option for the number of Shares used to exercise the original Option and with the same terms as the original Option, except with an exercise price equal to the then Fair Market Value.

7. Stock Options.

(a) Limitations.

(i) The following limitations shall apply to grants of Options under the Program (defined below):

(A) The President and/ or Chief Executive Officer of the Company shall not be granted, in any fiscal year of the Company, options to purchase more than 1,500,000 Shares, and no other Employee shall be granted, in any fiscal year of the Company, Options to purchase more than 500,000 Shares.

(B) The foregoing limitations shall be adjusted proportionately in connection with any change in the Company’s capitalization as described in Section 15.

(C) The foregoing limitations set forth in this Section 7(a) are intended to satisfy the requirements applicable to Options intended to qualify as “performance-based compensation” (within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code). In the event the Administrator determines that such limitations are not required to qualify Options as performance-based compensation, the Administrator may modify or eliminate such limitations.

(b) Option Exercise Price and Consideration.

(i) The per Share exercise price for the Shares to be issued pursuant to exercise of an Option shall be such price as is determined by the Administrator, but in no event shall it be less than 100% of the fair market value per Share on the date of grant. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option granted to an Employee who, at the time of grant of such Incentive Stock Option owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, the per Share exercise price shall be no less than 110% of the fair market value per Share on the date of grant.

(ii) The fair market value shall be determined by the Administrator; provided, however, in the event that the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or a national market system, including without limitation the Nasdaq National Market or The Nasdaq SmallCap Market of The Nasdaq Stock Market, its fair market value shall be the closing sales


price for such stock (or the closing bid, if no sales were reported) as quoted on such exchange or system for the trading day that is the time of determination (or if such time of determination does not occur on a trading day, the last trading day prior to the time of determination), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable; or in the event that the Common Stock is regularly quoted by a recognized securities dealer but selling prices are not reported, the fair market value of a Share of Common Stock shall be the mean between the high bid and low asked prices for the Common Stock on the last market trading day prior to the day of determination, as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Administrator deems reliable.

(iii) The consideration to be paid for the Shares to be issued upon exercise of an Option, including the method of payment, shall be determined by the Board and may consist entirely of:

(A) cash,

(B) check,

(C) delivery of a properly executed exercise notice together with such other documentation as the Administrator and the broker, if applicable, shall require to effect an exercise of the Option and delivery to the Company of the sale proceeds required to pay the exercise price, or

(D) any combination of such methods of payment.

In making its determination as to the type of consideration to accept, the Administrator shall consider if acceptance of such consideration may be reasonably expected to benefit the Company.

However, with respect to Options granted to certain Outside Directors pursuant to Section 8 hereof, the consideration to be paid for the Shares to be issued upon exercise of an Option, including the method of payment, shall consist entirely of the types of consideration listed in Section 7(b)(iii)(A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) above.

(c) Term of Option. The term of each Option shall be ten (10) years from the date of grant thereof or such shorter term as may be provided by the Administrator. The term of each Option that is not an Incentive Stock Option shall be ten (10) years and one (1) day from the date of grant thereof or such shorter term as may be provided by the Administrator. However, in the case of an Option granted to an Optionee who, at the time the Option is granted, owns stock representing more than ten percent (10%) of the voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary, (a) if the Option is an Incentive Stock Option, the term of the Option shall be five (5) years from the date of grant thereof or such shorter time as may be provided by the Administrator, or (b) if the Option is not an Incentive Stock Option, the term of the Option shall be five (5) years and one (1) day from the date of grant thereof or such shorter term as may be provided by the Administrator. However, with respect to Options granted to certain Outside Directors pursuant to Section 8 hereof the term shall be as stated in such Section.

(d) Exercise of Option.

(i) Procedure for Exercise; Rights as a Stockholder. Any Option granted hereunder, except for Options granted to certain Outside Directors in accordance with Section 8, shall be exercisable at such times and under such conditions as determined by the Administrator, including performance criteria with respect to the Company and/or the Optionee, and shall be permissible under the terms of the Program.

(A) An Option may not be exercised for a fraction of a Share.

(B) An Option shall be deemed to be exercised when written notice of such exercise has been given to the Company either by a signed writing or electronic transmission in accordance with the terms of the Option by the person entitled to exercise the Option and full payment for the Shares with respect to which the Option is exercised, together with any applicable withholding taxes, has been received by the


Company. Full payment may, as authorized by the Administrator, consist of any consideration and method of payment allowable under Section 7(b)(iii) of the Program. Until the issuance (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or of a duly authorized transfer agent of the Company) of the stock certificate evidencing such Shares, which issuance shall be made as soon as is practicable, no right to vote or receive dividends or any other rights as a stockholder shall exist with respect to the Optioned Stock, notwithstanding the exercise of the Option. The Company shall issue (or cause to be issued) such stock certificate promptly upon exercise of the Option. No adjustment will be made for a dividend or other right for which the record date is prior to the date the stock certificate is issued, except as provided in Section 15 of the Program.

(C) Exercise of an Option in any manner shall result in a decrease in the number of Shares which thereafter may be available, both for purposes of the Program and for sale under the Option, by the number of Shares as to which the Option is exercised.

(ii) Termination of Status as an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director. Unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, in the event of termination of an Optionee’s Continuous Status as an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director, such Optionee may, but only within ninety (90) days (or, for Options not granted pursuant to Section 8 hereof, for such other period of time, not exceeding 90 days in the case of an Incentive Stock Option or six (6) months in the case of a Nonstatutory Stock Option, as is determined by the Administrator, with such determination in the case of an Incentive Stock Option being made at the time of grant of the Option) after the date of such termination (but in no event later than the date of expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Option Agreement), exercise his or her Option to the extent that the Optionee was entitled to exercise it as of the date of such termination. To the extent that the Optionee was not entitled to exercise the Option at the date of such termination, or if the Optionee does not exercise such Option (which the Optionee was entitled to exercise) within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate.

(iii) Disability of Optionee. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 7(d)(ii) above, unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, in the event of termination of an Optionee’s Continuous Status as an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director as a result of his or her total and permanent disability (as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code), the Optionee may, until the date of expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Option Agreement (or such shorter period of time as provided by the Administrator), exercise his or her Option to the extent the Optionee was entitled to exercise it at the date of such termination. To the extent that the Optionee was not entitled to exercise the Option at the date of termination, or if the Optionee does not exercise such Option (which the Optionee was entitled to exercise) within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate.

(iv) Death of Optionee. In the event of the death of an Optionee:

(A) during the term of the Option, where the Optionee is at the time of his or her death an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director of the Company and where such Optionee shall have been in Continuous Status as an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director since the date of grant of the Option, the Option may be exercised, at any time within one (1) year following the date of death, by the Optionee’s estate or by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by bequest or inheritance, to the extent that he or she was entitled to exercise it at the date of death; or

(B) within ninety (90) days after the termination of Continuous Status as an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director by the Company without cause, the Option may be exercised, at any time within one (1) year following the date of death, by the Optionee’s estate or by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by bequest or inheritance, but only to the extent of the right to exercise that had accrued at the date of termination.


(v) Retirement. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 7(d)(ii) above, unless otherwise provided by the Administrator, in the event of termination of an Optionee’s Continuous Status as an Employee, Consultant or Outside Director as a result of his or her Retirement, the Optionee may, until the date of expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Option Agreement (or such shorter period of time as provided by the Administrator), exercise his or her Option to the extent the Optionee was entitled to exercise it at the date of such termination. To the extent that the Optionee was not entitled to exercise the Option at the date of termination, or if the Optionee does not exercise such Option (which the Optionee was entitled to exercise) within the time specified by the Administrator, the Option shall terminate.

8. Automatic Option Grants to Certain Outside Directors. The provisions set forth in this Section 8 shall not be amended more than once every six months, other than to comport with changes in the Code, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 as amended, or the rules or regulations promulgated thereunder. All grants of Options to Outside Directors under this Program shall be automatic and non-discretionary and shall be made strictly in accordance with the following provisions:

(a) No person shall have any discretion to select which Outside Directors shall be granted Options or to determine the number of shares to be covered by Options granted to Outside Directors; provided, however, that nothing in this Program shall be construed to prevent an Outside Director from declining to receive an Option under this Program.

(b) Upon a person’s initial election or appointment as an Outside Director, he or she shall automatically receive an Option (the “Initial Director Grant”) to purchase 33,000 Shares; provided, however that an Inside Director who ceases to be an Inside Director but who remains a Director shall not receive such automatic grant.

(c) On the date of each annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders, each person who is then an Outside Director and who was an Outside Director from the date of the previous annual meeting through the date of the current annual meeting, and who is not a representative of stockholders owning more than one percent (1%) of the outstanding shares of the Company shall automatically receive an Option to purchase 17,500 Shares (the “Complete Annual Director Grant”).

(d) Each Outside Director who is not a representative of stockholders owning more than one percent (1%) of the outstanding shares of the Company and who first becomes an Outside Director as of a date other than the date of an annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders shall automatically receive upon the date of the annual stockholder’s meeting immediately following the date he or she first becomes an Outside Director, an Option (the “Partial Director Annual Grant” and collectively with the Complete Annual Grant, the “Annual Director Grants”) to purchase that number of Shares obtained by multiplying 17,500 by a fraction, the numerator of which is the difference obtained by subtracting from twelve (12) the number of whole calendar months that elapse from the date such person first becomes an Outside Director through the date of the annual meeting immediately following the date he or she first becomes an Outside Director and the denominator of which is 12.

(e) On the date of each annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders, each Outside Director who acts as the Chairman of the Board shall automatically receive an Option to purchase 2,500 Shares, if immediately after such meeting, he or she shall continue to serve as the Chairman of the Board (the “Chairman Grant”).

(f) The terms of an Option granted pursuant to this Section 8 shall be as follows:

(i) the term of the Annual Director Grants and the Chairman Grant shall be five (5) years and the term of the Initial Director Grants shall be 10 years;

(ii) except as provided in Sections 7(d)(ii), 7(d)(iii), 7(d)(iv), and 7(d)(v) of this Program, the Option shall be exercisable only while the Outside Director remains a Director;

(iii) the exercise price per share of Common Stock shall be 100% of the fair market value on the date of grant of the Option;


(iv) the Annual Director Grants and the Chairman Grant shall become exercisable in installments cumulatively with respect to twenty-five percent (25%) of the Optioned Stock six months after the date of grant and as to an additional twelve and one-half percent (12.5%) of the Optioned Stock each calendar quarter thereafter, so that one hundred percent (100%) of the Optioned Stock shall be exercisable two years after the date of grant, subject to the Outside Director remaining a Director through each applicable vesting date; provided, however, that in no event shall any Option be exercisable prior to obtaining stockholder approval of the Program.

(v) the Initial Director Grants shall become exercisable in installments cumulatively with respect to twenty-eight percent (28%) of the Optioned Stock one year after the date of grant and as to an additional two percent (2%) of the Optioned Stock each calendar month thereafter, so that one hundred percent (100%) of the Optioned Stock shall be exercisable four years after the date of grant, subject to the Outside Director remaining a Director through each applicable vesting date.

9. Restricted Stock.

(a) Grant of Restricted Stock. Subject to the terms and provisions of the Program, the Administrator, at any time and from time to time, may grant Shares of Restricted Stock to Employees or Consultants in such amounts as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine.

(b) Restricted Stock Agreement. Each Award of Restricted Stock will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify the Period of Restriction, the number of Shares granted, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine. Notwithstanding the foregoing, during any fiscal year no Participant will receive more than an aggregate of 250,000 Shares of Restricted Stock; provided, however, that in connection with a Participant’s initial service as an Employee, an Employee may be granted an aggregate of up to an additional 250,000 Shares of Restricted Stock. Unless the Administrator determines otherwise, Shares of Restricted Stock will be held by the Company as escrow agent until the restrictions on such Shares have lapsed.

(c) Transferability. Except as provided in this Section 9, Shares of Restricted Stock may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, or otherwise alienated or hypothecated until the end of the applicable Period of Restriction.

(d) Vesting Criteria and Other Terms. The Administrator will set the Period of Restriction, which, depending on the extent to which the vesting criteria are met, will determine the number of Shares of Restricted Stock that will be earned by the Participant. The Administrator may set vesting criteria based upon the achievement of Company-wide, business unit, or individual goals (including, but not limited to, continued employment or service), or any other basis determined by the Administrator in its discretion.

(e) Removal of Restrictions. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 9, Shares of Restricted Stock covered by each Restricted Stock grant made under the Program will be released from escrow as soon as practicable after the last day of the Period of Restriction. The Administrator, in its discretion, may accelerate the time at which any restrictions will lapse or be removed.

(f) Voting Rights. During the Period of Restriction, Employees or Consultants holding Shares of Restricted Stock granted hereunder may exercise full voting rights with respect to those Shares, unless the Administrator determines otherwise.

(g) Dividends and Other Distributions. During the Period of Restriction, Employees or Consultants holding Shares of Restricted Stock will not be entitled to receive any dividends or other distributions paid with respect to such, unless the Administrator determines otherwise.

(h) Return of Restricted Stock to Company. On the date set forth in the Award Agreement, the Restricted Stock for which restrictions have not lapsed will revert to the Company and again will become available for grant under the Program.


10. Restricted Stock Units.

(a) Grant. Restricted Stock Units may be granted at any time and from time to time as determined by the Administrator. Each Restricted Stock Unit grant shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement that shall specify such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, shall determine, including all terms, conditions, and restrictions related to the grant, the number of Restricted Stock Units and the form of payout, which, subject to Section 10(d), may be left to the discretion of the Administrator. Notwithstanding the anything to the contrary in this subsection (a), during any fiscal year of the Company, no Participant will receive more than an aggregate of 250,000 Restricted Stock Units; provided, however, that in connection with a Participant’s initial service as an Employee, an Employee may be granted an aggregate of up to an additional 250,000 Restricted Stock Units.

(b) Vesting Criteria and Other Terms. The Administrator shall set vesting criteria in its discretion, which, depending on the extent to which the criteria are met, will determine the number of Restricted Stock Units that will be paid out to the Participant. The Administrator may set vesting criteria based upon the achievement of Company-wide, business unit, or individual goals (including, but not limited to, continued employment or service), or any other basis determined by the Administrator in its discretion.

(c) Earning Restricted Stock Units. Upon meeting the applicable vesting criteria, the Participant shall be entitled to receive a payout as specified in the Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at any time after the grant of Restricted Stock Units, the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may reduce or waive any vesting criteria that must be met to receive a payout.

(d) Form and Timing of Payment. Payment of earned Restricted Stock Units shall be made as soon as practicable after the date(s) set forth in the Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement. The Administrator, in its sole discretion, may pay earned Restricted Stock Units in cash, Shares, or a combination thereof. Shares represented by Restricted Stock Units that are fully paid in cash again shall be available for grant under the Plan.

(e) Cancellation. On the date set forth in the Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, all unearned Restricted Stock Units shall be forfeited to the Company.

11. Stock Appreciation Rights.

(a) Grant of Stock Appreciation Rights. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Program, a Stock Appreciation Right may be granted to Employees or Consultants at any time and from time to time as will be determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion.

(b) Number of Shares. The Administrator will have complete discretion to determine the number of Stock Appreciation Rights granted to any Participant, provided that during any fiscal year, the President and/ or Chief Executive Officer of the Company shall not be granted Stock Appreciation Rights to purchase more than 750,000 Shares, and no other Employee shall be granted Stock Appreciation Rights to purchase more than 250,000 Shares.

(c) Exercise Price and Other Terms. The Administrator, subject to the provisions of the Program, will have complete discretion to determine the terms and conditions of Stock Appreciation Rights granted under the Program, provided, however, that the exercise price will be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the fair market value of a Share, determined in accordance with Section 7(b)(ii), on the date of grant.

(d) Stock Appreciation Right Agreement. Each Stock Appreciation Right grant will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify the exercise price, the term of the Stock Appreciation Right, the conditions of exercise, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine.

(e) Expiration of Stock Appreciation Rights. A Stock Appreciation Right granted under the Program will expire upon the date determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, and set forth in the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the rules of Section 7(d) also will apply to Stock Appreciation Rights.


(f) Payment of Stock Appreciation Right Amount. Upon exercise of a Stock Appreciation Right, a Participant will be entitled to receive payment from the Company in an amount determined by multiplying:

(i) The difference between the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of exercise over the exercise price; times

(ii) The number of Shares with respect to which the Stock Appreciation Right is exercised.

At the discretion of the Administrator, the payment upon Stock Appreciation Right exercise may be in cash, in shares of equivalent value, or in some combination thereof.

12. Performance Units and Performance Shares.

(a) Grant of Performance Units/Shares. Performance Units and Performance Shares may be granted to Employees or Consultants at any time and from time to time, as will be determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion. The Administrator will have complete discretion in determining the number of Performance Units/Shares granted to each Participant provided that during any fiscal year, (a) no Participant will receive Performance Units having an initial value greater than $250,000, and (b) no Participant will receive more than 250,000 Performance Shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing limitation, in connection with a Participant’s initial service as an Employee, an Employee may be granted up to an additional 250,000 Performance Shares.

(b) Value of Performance Units/Shares. Each Performance Unit will have an initial value that is established by the Administrator on or before the date of grant. Each Performance Share will have an initial value equal to the fair market value of a Share, determined in accordance with Section 7(b)(ii), on the date of grant.

(c) Performance Objectives and Other Terms. The Administrator will set performance objectives or other vesting provisions (including, without limitation, continued status as a Service Provider) in its discretion which, depending on the extent to which they are met, will determine the number or value of Performance Units/Shares that will be paid out to the Participant. The Administrator may set performance objectives based upon the achievement of Company-wide, divisional, or individual goals, or any other basis determined by the Administrator in its discretion. Each Award of Performance Units/Shares will be evidenced by an Award Agreement that will specify the Performance Period, and such other terms and conditions as the Administrator, in its sole discretion, will determine.

(d) Earning of Performance Units/Shares. After the applicable Performance Period has ended, the holder of Performance Units/Shares will be entitled to receive a payout of the number of Performance Units/Shares earned by the Participant over the Performance Period, to be determined as a function of the extent to which the corresponding performance objectives or other vesting provisions have been achieved. After the grant of a Performance Unit/Share, the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may reduce or waive any performance objectives or other vesting provisions for such Performance Unit/Share.

(e) Form and Timing of Payment of Performance Units/Shares. Payment of earned Performance Units/Shares will be made as soon as practicable after the expiration of the applicable Performance Period. The Administrator, in its sole discretion, may pay earned Performance Units/Shares in the form of cash, in Shares (which have an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the value of the earned Performance Units/Shares at the close of the applicable Performance Period) or in a combination thereof.

(f) Cancellation of Performance Units/Shares. On the date set forth in the Award Agreement, all unearned or unvested Performance Units/Shares will be forfeited to the Company, and again will be available for grant under the Program.

13. Performance Goals. Awards of Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares and Performance Units and other incentives under the Program may be made subject to the attainment of performance goals relating to one or more business criteria within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the


Code and may provide for a targeted level or levels of achievement (“Performance Goals”) including, but not limited to, cash flow; cash position; earnings before interest and taxes; earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization; earnings per Share; economic profit; economic value added; equity or stockholder’s equity; market share; net income; net profit; net sales; operating earnings; operating income; profit before tax; ratio of debt to debt plus equity; ratio of operating earnings to capital spending; sales growth; return on net assets; or total return to stockholders. Any Performance Goals may be used to measure the performance of the Company as a whole or a business unit of the Company and may be measured relative to a peer group or index. The Performance Goals may differ from Participant to Participant and from Award to Award. Prior to the Determination Date, the Administrator will determine whether any significant element(s) will be included in or excluded from the calculation of any Performance Goal with respect to any Participant. In all other respects, Performance Goals will be calculated in accordance with the Company’s financial statements, generally accepted accounting principles, or under a methodology established by the Administrator prior to the issuance of an Award, which is consistently applied and identified in the financial statements, including footnotes, or the management discussion and analysis section of the Company’s annual report.

14. Non-Transferability of Awards. During the lifetime of the Participant, an Award shall be exercisable only by the Participant or the Participant’s guardian, legal representative or permitted transferees. Except as specified below, no Award may be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, or otherwise alienated or hypothecated, other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. At the sole discretion of the Administrator, and subject to such terms and conditions as the Administrator deems advisable, the Administrator may allow (a) the transfer of a Nonstatutory Stock Option to an Participant’s spouse, former spouse or dependent pursuant to a court-approved domestic relations order which relates to the provision of child support, alimony payments or marital property rights and (b) the transfer of a Nonstatutory Stock Option by bona fide gift and not for any consideration, to (i) a member or members of the Participant’s Immediate Family, (ii) a trust established for the exclusive benefit of the Participant and/or member(s) of the Participant’s Immediate Family, (iii) a partnership, limited liability company of other entity whose only partners or members are the Participant and/or member(s) of the Participant’s Immediate Family, or (iv) a foundation in which the Participant and/or member(s) of the Participant’s Immediate Family control the management of the foundation’s assets. “Immediate Family” as used herein means the spouse, lineal descendants, father, mother, brothers and sisters of the Participant. In such case, the transferee shall receive and hold the Option subject to the provisions of this Section 14, and there shall be no further assignation or transfer of the Option. The terms of Options granted hereunder shall be binding upon the transferees, purchasers, executors, administrators, heirs, successors and assigns of the Participant.

15. Adjustments Upon Changes In Capitalization or Merger. Subject to any required action by the stockholders of the Company, the number of shares of Common Stock covered by each outstanding Award, and the number of shares of Common Stock which have been authorized for issuance under the Program but as to which no Awards have yet been granted or which have been returned to the Program upon cancellation or expiration of an Award, as well as the price per share of Common Stock covered by each such outstanding Award, shall be proportionately adjusted for any change in or increase or decrease in the number of issued shares of Common Stock resulting from a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, combination or reclassification of the Common Stock, or any other change in or increase or decrease in the number of issued shares of Common Stock effected without receipt of consideration by the Company; provided, however, that conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be deemed to have been “effected without receipt of consideration.” Such adjustment shall be made by the Administrator, whose determination in that respect shall be final, binding and conclusive. Except as expressly provided herein, no issuance by the Company of shares of stock of any class, or securities convertible into shares of stock of any class, shall affect, and no adjustment by reason thereof shall be made with respect to, the number or price of shares of Common Stock subject to an Award.

In the event of the proposed dissolution or liquidation of the Company, the Board shall notify the holder of an Award at least fifteen (15) days prior to such proposed action. To the extent it has not been previously exercised, the Award will terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such proposed action.


In the event of a merger of the Company with or into another corporation, or the sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, the Award shall be assumed or an equivalent award shall be substituted by such successor corporation or a parent or subsidiary of such successor corporation, unless the Administrator determines, in the exercise of its sole discretion and in lieu of such assumption or substitution, that (i) the Participant shall have the right to exercise the Award as to all of his or her Outstanding Options and Stock Appreciation Rights, including as to Shares as to which such Award would not otherwise be exercisable, (ii) all restrictions on Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units will lapse, and, with respect to Performance Shares and Performance Units, all Performance Goals or other vesting criteria will be deemed achieved at target levels and all other terms and conditions met. In addition, if an Option or Stock Appreciation Right becomes fully vested and exercisable in lieu of assumption or substitution in the event of a merger or asset sale, the Administrator will notify the Participant in writing or electronically that the Option or Stock Appreciation Right will be fully vested and exercisable for thirty (30) days (or such other period of time as the Administrator may determine) from the date of such notice, and the Option or Stock Appreciation Right will terminate upon the expiration of such period; provided, however, that notwithstanding any other provision of this Program, Options granted pursuant to Section 8 hereof shall, in the event of a merger of the Company with or into another corporation or the sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets, be assumed or an equivalent option shall be substituted by such successor corporation or a parent or subsidiary of such successor corporation; provided, further, however, that in the event the successor corporation or a parent or subsidiary of such successor corporation refuses to so assume or substitute such Options, such Options shall become fully vested and exercisable including as to Shares as to which such Options would not otherwise be exercisable. For the purposes of this paragraph, an Award shall be considered assumed if, following the merger or asset sale, the Award confers the right to purchase, for each Share subject to the Award immediately prior to the merger or asset sale, the consideration (whether stock, cash, or other securities or property) or, in the case of a Stock Appreciation Right upon the exercise of which the Administrator determines to pay cash or a Restricted Stock Unit, Performance Share or Performance Unit which the Administrator can determine to pay in cash, received in the merger or asset sale by holders of Common Stock for each Share held on the effective date of the transaction (and if holders were offered a choice of consideration, the type of consideration chosen by the holders of a majority of the outstanding Shares); provided, however, that if such consideration received in the merger or sale of assets was not solely common stock of the successor corporation or its Parent, the Administrator may, with the consent of the successor corporation, provide for the consideration to be received upon the exercise of the Option or Stock Appreciation Right or upon the payout of a Restricted Stock Unit, Performance Share or Performance Unit, for each Share subject to the Award (or in the case of Restricted Stock Units and Performance Units, the number of implied Shares determined by dividing the value of the Restricted Stock Units and Performance Units by the per share consideration received by holders of Common Stock in the merger or sale of assets), to be solely common stock of the successor corporation or its Parent equal in fair market value to the per share consideration received by holders of Common Stock in the merger or sale of assets.

Notwithstanding anything in this Section 15 to the contrary, an Award that vests, is earned or paid-out upon the satisfaction of one or more Performance Goals will not be considered assumed if the Company or its successor modifies any of such Performance Goals without the Participant’s consent; provided, however, a modification to such Performance Goals only to reflect the successor corporation’s post-merger or sale of assets corporate structure will not be deemed to invalidate an otherwise valid Award assumption.

16. Time of Granting Awards. The date of grant of an Award shall be the date on which the Administrator makes the determination granting such Award, except with respect to the date of grant of Options to certain Outside Directors, which is set by the terms of the Program. Notice of the determination shall be given to each Participant to whom an Award is granted within a reasonable time after the date of such grant.

17. No Effect on Employment or Service. Neither the Program nor any Award shall confer upon any Participant any right with respect to continuation of employment or consulting relationship with the Company, nor shall it interfere in any way with the Participant’s right or the Company’s right to terminate such employment or consulting relationship at any time with or without cause.


18. Amendment and Termination of the Program.

(a) Amendment and Termination. The Board may at any time amend, alter, suspend or terminate the Program.

(b) Stockholder Approval. The Company shall obtain stockholder approval of any Program amendment, including, without limitation, the addition of Shares for issuance under the Program, to the extent necessary and desirable to comply with Applicable Laws. Such stockholder approval, if required, shall be obtained in such a manner and to such a degree as is required by the Applicable Law.

(c) Effect of Amendment or Termination. No amendment, alteration, suspension or termination of the Program shall impair the rights of any Participant, unless mutually agreed otherwise between the Participant and the Administrator, which agreement must be in writing and signed by the Participant and the Company.

19. Term of Program. The Program shall become effective upon the earlier to occur of its adoption by the Board or its approval by vote of the stockholders of the Company as described in Section 23 of the Program. It shall continue in effect until February 9, 2015 unless sooner terminated under Section 18 of the Program.

20. Conditions Upon Issuance of Shares. Shares shall not be issued pursuant to the exercise of an Award unless the exercise of such Award and the issuance and delivery of such Shares pursuant thereto shall comply with all relevant provisions of law, including, without limitation, the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the Exchange Act, the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the Shares may then be listed, and shall be further subject to the approval of counsel for the Company with respect to such compliance.

As a condition to the exercise of an Award, the Company may require the person exercising such Award or making such purchase to represent and warrant at the time of any such exercise that the Shares are being purchased only for investment and without any present intention to sell or distribute such Shares if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, such a representation is required by any of the aforementioned relevant provisions of law.

21. Reservation of Shares. The Company, during the term of this Program, will at all times reserve and keep available such number of Shares as shall be sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the Program.

22. Inability to Obtain Authority. Inability of the Company to obtain authority from any regulatory body having jurisdiction, which authority is deemed by the Company’s counsel to be necessary to the lawful issuance and sale of any Shares hereunder, shall relieve the Company of any liability in respect of the failure to issue or sell such Shares as to which such requisite authority shall not have been obtained.

23. Stockholder Approval. Continuance of the Program shall be subject to approval by the stockholders of the Company within twelve months before or after the date the Program is adopted. Such stockholder approval shall be obtained in the manner and to the degree required under applicable federal and state law.

EX-10.57 4 dex1057.htm AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER Agreement and Plan of Merger

Exhibit 10.57

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

among

TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.

ML ACQUISITION, INC.

and

WJ COMMUNICATIONS, INC.

dated as of March 9, 2008


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page

ARTICLE I THE MERGER

   1

Section 1.1

   The Merger    1

Section 1.2

   Closing    2

Section 1.3

   Effective Time    2

Section 1.4

   Effects of the Merger    2

Section 1.5

   Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation    2

Section 1.6

   Directors    3

ARTICLE II CONVERSION OF SHARES; EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES

   3

Section 2.1

   Effect on Capital Stock    3

Section 2.2

   Exchange of Certificates    5

ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY

   7

Section 3.1

   Qualification, Organization, Subsidiaries, etc.    7

Section 3.2

   Capital Stock    8

Section 3.3

   Corporate Authority Relative to This Agreement; No Violation    9

Section 3.4

   Reports and Financial Statements    11

Section 3.5

   No Undisclosed Liabilities    13

Section 3.6

   Compliance with Law; Permits    13

Section 3.7

   Environmental Laws and Regulations    14

Section 3.8

   Employee Benefit Plans    15

Section 3.9

   Absence of Certain Changes or Events    16

Section 3.10

   Investigations; Litigation    16

Section 3.11

   Proxy Statement; Other Information    17

Section 3.12

   Tax Matters    17

Section 3.13

   Labor Matters    18

Section 3.14

   Intellectual Property    19

Section 3.15

   Real Property; Title to Assets    21

Section 3.16

   Material Contracts    22

Section 3.17

   Finders or Brokers    23

Section 3.18

   Insurance    24

Section 3.19

   Takeover Statutes    24

Section 3.20

   Affiliate Transactions    24

Section 3.21

   Opinion of Financial Advisor    24

Section 3.22

   Required Vote of the Company Stockholders    24

Section 3.23

   Customers    24

Section 3.24

   Disclaimer of Other Representations and Warranties    25

Section 3.25

   Certain Business Practices    25

ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB

   25

Section 4.1

   Qualification; Organization, Subsidiaries, etc.    25

Section 4.2

   Corporate Authority Relative to This Agreement; No Violation    26

 

i


Section 4.3

   Investigations; Litigation    27

Section 4.4

   Proxy Statement; Other Information    27

Section 4.5

   Capitalization of Merger Sub    27

Section 4.6

   No Vote of Parent Stockholders    27

Section 4.7

   Finders or Brokers    28

Section 4.8

   Lack of Ownership of Company Common Stock    28

Section 4.9

   WARN Act    28

Section 4.10

   Adequate Funds    28

Section 4.11

   Opportunity to Meet and No Additional Representations    28

ARTICLE V CERTAIN AGREEMENTS

   29

Section 5.1

   Conduct of Business by the Company and Parent    29

Section 5.2

   Access    34

Section 5.3

   No Shop; Alternative and Superior Proposals    34

Section 5.4

   Filings; Other Actions    36

Section 5.5

   Stock Options and other Stock-Based Awards; Employee Matters    38

Section 5.6

   Reasonable Best Efforts    40

Section 5.7

   Takeover Statute    42

Section 5.8

   Public Announcements    42

Section 5.9

   Director and Officer Liability    42

Section 5.10

   Notice of Certain Events    43

ARTICLE VI CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER

   44

Section 6.1

   Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Merger    44

Section 6.2

   Conditions to Obligation of the Company to Effect the Merger    44

Section 6.3

   Conditions to Obligation of Parent to Effect and the Merger    45

Section 6.4

   Frustration of Closing Conditions    45

ARTICLE VII TERMINATION

   46

Section 7.1

   Termination or Abandonment    46

Section 7.2

   Termination Fees    47

ARTICLE VIII MISCELLANEOUS

   48

Section 8.1

   No Survival of Representations and Warranties    48

Section 8.2

   Expenses    48

Section 8.3

   Counterparts; Effectiveness    48

Section 8.4

   Governing Law    48

Section 8.5

   Remedies; Jurisdiction; Enforcement    48

Section 8.6

   WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL    49

Section 8.7

   Notices    50

Section 8.8

   Assignment; Binding Effect    51

Section 8.9

   Severability    51

Section 8.10

   Entire Agreement; Third-Party Beneficiaries    51

Section 8.11

   Amendments; Waivers    51

Section 8.12

   Headings    52

Section 8.13

   Interpretation    52

Section 8.14

   Definitions    52

 

ii


AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

This AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of March 9, 2008 (this “Agreement”), among TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Parent”), ML Acquisition, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Parent (“Merger Sub”), and WJ Communications, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”).

WITNESSETH:

WHEREAS, the board of directors of the Company (the “Board of Directors”) has considered the merger of Merger Sub with and into the Company (the “Merger”) upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement in accordance with the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) has determined that it is in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders, and declared it advisable, to enter into this Agreement with Parent and Merger Sub providing for the Merger, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, and the Board of Directors has, as of the date of this Agreement, approved and adopted this Agreement in accordance with the DGCL, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, and recommended its approval and adoption by the stockholders of the Company;

WHEREAS, the board of directors of Merger Sub has approved and adopted this Agreement and approved the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement;

WHEREAS, the board of directors of Parent, and Parent, as the sole stockholder of Merger Sub, in each case, have approved and adopted this Agreement and approved the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement; and

WHEREAS, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company desire to make certain representations, warranties and agreements specified in this Agreement in connection with this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement, and intending to be legally bound hereby, Parent, Merger Sub and the Company agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

THE MERGER

SECTION 1.1 The Merger. At the Effective Time, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the DGCL, Merger Sub shall be merged with and into the Company, whereupon the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub shall cease and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation in the Merger (the “Surviving Corporation”) and a wholly owned subsidiary of Parent.

 

1


SECTION 1.2 Closing. The closing of the Merger (the “Closing”) shall take place at the location designated by the Company at a local time and a date to be specified by the parties (the “Closing Date”) which shall be no later than the third business day after the satisfaction or waiver (to the extent permitted by applicable Law) of the conditions set forth in Article VI (other than those conditions that by their nature are to be satisfied at the Closing, but subject to the satisfaction or waiver of such conditions), or at such other place, date and time as the Company and Parent may agree in writing. The parties shall use commercially reasonable efforts to proceed to Closing as soon as possible.

SECTION 1.3 Effective TimeOn the Closing Date, immediately after the Closing, the parties shall cause the Merger to be consummated by executing and filing a certificate of merger (the “Certificate of Merger”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and make all other filings or recordings required under the DGCL in connection with the Merger. The Merger shall become effective at such time as the Certificate of Merger is duly filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, or at such later time as the parties shall agree and as shall be set forth in the Certificate of Merger (such time as the Merger becomes effective, the “Effective Time”).

SECTION 1.4 Effects of the MergerThe effects of the Merger shall be as provided in this Agreement and in the applicable provisions of the DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, at the Effective Time, all the property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and Merger Sub shall vest in the Surviving Corporation, and all debts, liabilities, obligations, restrictions, disabilities and duties of the Company and Merger Sub shall become the debts, liabilities, obligations, restrictions, disabilities and duties of the Surviving Corporation, all as provided under the DGCL and the other applicable Laws of the State of Delaware. At and after the Effective Time, the officers and directors of the Surviving Corporation will be authorized to execute and deliver, in the name and on behalf of the Company or Merger Sub, any deeds, bills of sale, assignments or assurances and to take and do, in the name and on behalf of the Company or Merger Sub, any other actions and things to vest, perfect or confirm of record or otherwise in the Surviving Corporation any and all right, title and interest in, to and under any of the rights, properties or assets of the Company.

SECTION 1.5 Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation.

(a) The certificate of incorporation of Merger Sub as in effect at the Effective Time shall be the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended in accordance with the provisions thereof and the provisions of this Agreement and applicable Law, in each case consistent with the obligations set forth in Section 5.9; provided, however, that Article I of the certificate of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation shall be amended in its entirety to read as follows: “The name of the corporation is WJ Communications, Inc.”.

(b) The bylaws of Merger Sub as in effect at the Effective Time shall be the bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended in accordance with the provisions thereof and the provisions of this Agreement and applicable Law, in each case consistent with the obligations set forth in Section 5.9.

 

2


SECTION 1.6 Directors. Subject to applicable Law, the directors of the Company shall resign as directors effective immediately prior to the Effective Time, and the directors of Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the initial directors of the Surviving Corporation and shall hold office until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified, or their earlier death, resignation or removal.

ARTICLE II

CONVERSION OF SHARES; EXCHANGE OF CERTIFICATES

SECTION 2.1 Effect on Capital Stock. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the Company, Merger Sub or the holders of any securities of the Company or Merger Sub:

(a) Conversion of Company Common Stock. Subject to Sections 2.1(b), 2.1(d), 2.1(e) and 5.5(a)(i) and (ii), each issued and outstanding share of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (such shares, collectively, “Company Common Stock,” and each, a “Share”), other than any Cancelled Shares (to the extent provided in Section 2.1(b)) and any Dissenting Shares (to the extent provided for in Section 2.1(e)) shall thereupon be converted automatically into and shall thereafter represent the right to receive $1.00 in cash (the “Merger Consideration”). All Shares that have been converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration as provided in this Section 2.1 shall be automatically cancelled and shall cease to exist, and the holders of certificates which immediately prior to the Effective Time represented such Shares shall cease to have any rights with respect to such Shares other than the right to receive the Merger Consideration.

(b) Company, Parent and Merger Sub-Owned Shares. Each Share that is owned, directly or indirectly, by Parent or Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time or held by the Company, or any Subsidiary of the Company, immediately prior to the Effective Time (in each case, other than any such Shares held on behalf of third parties) (the “Cancelled Shares”) shall, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, be cancelled and retired and shall cease to exist, and no consideration shall be delivered in exchange therefor.

(c) Conversion of Merger Sub Common Stock. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof, each share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of Merger Sub issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into and become one validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable share of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Surviving Corporation with the same rights, powers and privileges as the shares so converted and shall constitute the only outstanding shares of capital stock of the Surviving Corporation. From and after the Effective Time, all certificates representing the common stock of Merger Sub shall be deemed for all purposes to represent the number of shares of common stock of the Surviving Corporation into which they were converted in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence.

 

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(d) Adjustments. If at any time during the period between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, any change in the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company shall occur as a result of any reclassification, recapitalization, stock split (including a reverse stock split) or combination, exchange or readjustment of shares, or any stock dividend or stock distribution with a record date during such period, the Merger Consideration shall be equitably adjusted to reflect such change.

(e) Dissenting Shares.

(i) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, no Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, the holder of which (A) has not voted in favor of the Merger or consented thereto in writing, (B) has demanded its rights to appraisal in accordance with Section 262 of the DGCL, and (C) has not effectively withdrawn or lost its rights to appraisal (the “Dissenting Shares”), shall be converted into or represent a right to receive the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 2.1(a). By virtue of the Merger, all Dissenting Shares shall be cancelled and shall cease to exist and shall represent the right to receive only those rights provided under the DGCL. From and after the Effective Time, a holder of Dissenting Shares shall not be entitled to exercise any of the voting rights or other rights of a stockholder of the Surviving Corporation. Any portion of the Merger Consideration made available to the Paying Agent pursuant to Section 2.2 to pay for shares of Company Common Stock for which appraisal rights have been perfected shall be returned to Parent upon demand.

(ii) Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 2.1(e), if any holder of Shares who demands appraisal shall effectively withdraw or lose (through failure to perfect or otherwise) the right to appraisal, then, as of the later of the Effective Time and the occurrence of such event, such holder’s Shares shall no longer be Dissenting Shares and shall automatically be converted into and represent only the right to receive the Merger Consideration, without any interest thereon and less any required withholding Taxes.

(iii) The Company shall give Parent (A) notice of any written demands for appraisal of any Shares, withdrawals of such demands, and any other instruments served pursuant to the DGCL and received by the Company which relate to any such demand for appraisal and (B) the opportunity reasonably to direct all negotiations and proceedings (subject to the Company’s right to object to any actions or positions taken by Parent that it deems, in its sole discretion, unreasonable) with respect to demands for appraisal under the DGCL. The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of Parent (which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), make any payment with respect to any demands for appraisal or offer to settle or settle any such demands.

 

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SECTION 2.2 Exchange of Certificates.

(a) Paying Agent. Prior to the Effective Time, Parent shall deposit, or shall cause to be deposited, with a bank or trust company that is organized and doing business under the Laws of the United States or any state thereof, that shall be appointed to act as a paying agent hereunder and approved in advance by the Company in writing (and pursuant to an agreement in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Parent and the Company) (the “Paying Agent”), in trust for the benefit of holders of the Shares, the Company Stock Options, the Restricted Stock and the PARSUs, cash in U.S. dollars sufficient to pay (i) the aggregate Merger Consideration in exchange for all of the Shares outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time (other than the Cancelled Shares and the Dissenting Shares), payable upon due surrender of the certificates that immediately prior to the Effective Time represented Shares (“Certificates”) or non-certificated Shares represented by book-entry (“Book-Entry Shares”) pursuant to the provisions of this Article II and (ii) the amounts payable pursuant to Section 5.5(a) (the “Option and Stock-Based Award Consideration”) (such cash referred to in this Section 2.2(a) being hereinafter referred to as the “Exchange Fund”).

(b) Payment Procedures.

(i) As soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time and in any event not later than the second business day following the Effective Time, the Paying Agent shall mail (x) to each holder of record of Shares whose Shares were converted into the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 2.1(a), (A) a letter of transmittal (which shall specify that delivery shall be effected, and risk of loss and title to Certificates shall pass, only upon delivery of Certificates or Book-Entry Shares to the Paying Agent and shall be in such form and have such other provisions as Parent and the Company may mutually agree), and (B) instructions for use in effecting the surrender of Certificates or Book-Entry Shares in exchange for the Merger Consideration, and (y) to each holder of a Company Stock Option, Restricted Stock or PARSU, instructions for use in effecting the surrender of Company Stock Options, Restricted Stock or PARSUs and delivery of such other documents as may be reasonably required by the Surviving Corporation and Parent in exchange for Option and Stock-Based Award Consideration. No interest shall be paid or accrued on such amounts.

(ii) Upon surrender of Certificates or Book-Entry Shares to the Paying Agent together with such letter of transmittal, duly completed and validly executed in accordance with the instructions thereto, and such other documents as may reasonably be required thereby or by the Paying Agent, the holder of such Certificates or Book-Entry Shares shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a check in an amount equal to the product of (x) the number of Shares previously represented by such holder’s properly surrendered Certificates or Book-Entry Shares multiplied by (y) the Merger Consideration. No interest will be paid or accrued on any amount payable upon due surrender of Certificates or Book-Entry Shares. In the event of a transfer of ownership of Shares that is not registered in the transfer records of the Company, a check for any cash to be paid upon due surrender of the Certificate may be paid to such a transferee if the Certificate formerly representing such Shares is presented to the Paying Agent,

 

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accompanied by all documents required to evidence and effect such transfer and to evidence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Surviving Corporation that any applicable stock transfer Taxes have been paid or are not applicable. Until surrendered as contemplated by this Section 2.2(b), each Certificate and each Book-Entry Share shall be deemed at any time after the Effective Time to represent only the right to receive upon such surrender the applicable Merger Consideration as contemplated by this Article II.

(iii) The Paying Agent shall be entitled to deduct and withhold from the consideration otherwise payable under this Agreement to any holder of Shares, Company Stock Options, Restricted Stock or PARSUs, such amounts as are required to be withheld or deducted under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”) or any provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law with respect to the making of such payment. To the extent that amounts are so withheld or deducted and paid over to the applicable Governmental Entity, such withheld or deducted amounts shall be treated for all purposes of this Agreement as having been paid to the holder of the Shares, Company Stock Options, Restricted Stock or PARSUs, in respect of which such deduction and withholding were made.

(c) Closing of Transfer Books. At the Effective Time, the stock transfer books of the Company shall be closed, and there shall be no further registration of transfers on the stock transfer books of the Surviving Corporation of the Shares that were outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time. If, after the Effective Time, any Certificates are presented to the Surviving Corporation or Parent for transfer, they shall be cancelled and exchanged in accordance with and subject to the procedures set forth in this Article II.

(d) Termination of Exchange Fund. Any portion of the Exchange Fund (including the proceeds of any investments thereof) that remains undistributed to the former holders of Shares for nine (9) months after the Effective Time shall be delivered to the Surviving Corporation upon demand, and any former holders of Shares who have not surrendered their Shares in accordance with this Section 2.2 shall thereafter look only to the Surviving Corporation for payment of their claim for the Merger Consideration, without any interest thereon, upon due surrender of their Shares.

(e) No Liability. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, none of the Company, Parent, Merger Sub, the Surviving Corporation, the Paying Agent or any other person shall be liable to any former holder of Shares for any amount properly delivered to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Law. Any portion of the Exchange Fund remaining unclaimed as of a date which is immediately prior to such time as such amounts would otherwise escheat to or become property of any Governmental Entity shall, to the extent permitted by applicable Law, become the property of Parent, free and clear of any claims or interests of any person previously entitled thereto.

(f) Investment of Exchange Fund. The Paying Agent shall invest all cash included in the Exchange Fund as reasonably directed by Parent; provided, however, that no such investment or loss thereon will affect the amounts payable to holders of Shares, Company Stock Options, Restricted Stock or PARSUs pursuant to this Agreement. Any interest and other income resulting from such investments shall become part of the Exchange Fund.

 

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(g) Lost Certificates. In the case of any Certificate that has been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming such certificate to be lost, stolen or destroyed and, if required by the Paying Agent, the posting by such person of a bond in customary amount as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such Certificate, the Paying Agent will issue Merger Consideration in exchange for such lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate as though the Certificate had been duly surrendered or presented to the Paying Agent pursuant to this Section 2.2.

ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY

Except as disclosed in the Company SEC Documents (as hereinafter defined) or in the disclosure schedule delivered by the Company to Parent prior to the execution of this Agreement (the “Company Disclosure Schedule”), the Company represents and warrants to Parent and Merger Sub as follows:

SECTION 3.1 Qualification, Organization, Subsidiaries, etc. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is a legal entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing or with active status under the Laws of its respective jurisdiction of organization, has all requisite power and authority (corporate or otherwise) to own, lease and operate its respective properties and assets and to carry on its business as presently conducted, and is qualified to do business and is in good standing or with active status as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where the ownership, leasing or operation of its assets or properties or conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so organized, validly existing, qualified or in good standing or with active status, or to have such power or authority, would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect. As used in this Agreement, any reference to any facts, circumstances, events or changes having a “Company Material Adverse Effect” means any facts, circumstances, events or changes that are materially adverse to the business, financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or that would prevent or materially delay or materially impair the ability of the Company to consummate the Merger, but shall not include facts, circumstances, events or changes (a) generally affecting the industries in which the Company and its Subsidiaries operate in the United States or the economy or the financial, securities or credit markets in the United States or elsewhere in the world, including regulatory and political conditions or developments (including any outbreak or escalation of hostilities or acts of war or terrorism) or (b) to the extent resulting from (i) the announcement or the existence of, or compliance with, this Agreement or the announcement of the Merger or any of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (ii) changes in applicable Law, GAAP or accounting standards or the interpretation or application thereof, or (iii) any actions required under this Agreement to obtain any antitrust approval for the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or (iv) failure, in and of itself, to meet any expected financial or operating performance projections or targets including analyst projections. The Company has made available to Parent prior to the date of this Agreement a true and complete copy of the Company’s certificate of

 

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incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, each as amended through the date of this Agreement. A true and complete list of the Subsidiaries is set forth in Section 3.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule. Except as disclosed in Section 3.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company does not directly or indirectly own any equity or similar interest in, or any interest convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any equity or similar interest in, any corporation, partnership, joint venture or other business association or entity. The Company has made available to Parent prior to the date of this Agreement a true and complete copy of the certificate of incorporation and bylaws or similar organizational documents of each Subsidiary of the Company, each as amended. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation of any provisions of its certificate of incorporation or bylaws or similar organizational documents.

SECTION 3.2 Capital Stock.

(a) The authorized capital stock of the Company consists of 100,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Company Preferred Stock”). As of March 2, 2008, (i) 68,709,539 shares of Company Common Stock were issued and outstanding (which number includes 169,462 shares of Company Common Stock subject to transfer restrictions or subject to forfeiture back to the Company or repurchase by the Company), (ii) 2,420,123 shares of Company Common Stock were held in treasury, (iii) 25,000,000 shares of Company Common Stock were authorized and reserved for issuance under the Amended and Restated 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended, 2001 Employee Stock Incentive Plan, as amended, Amended and Restated 2000 Non-employee Director Stock Compensation Plan, as amended, 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and any other stock option plan, program or agreement maintained by the Company or to which the Company is a party (the “Company Stock Plans”), and (iv) no shares of Company Preferred Stock were issued or outstanding or held as treasury shares. All outstanding shares of Company Common Stock, and all shares of Company Common Stock reserved for issuance as noted in clause (iii), when issued in accordance with the respective terms thereof, are or will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free of pre-emptive or similar rights.

(b) Except as set forth in subsection (a) above, (i) the Company does not have any shares of its capital stock or other voting securities issued or outstanding other than shares of Company Common Stock that have become outstanding after March 2, 2008, but were reserved for issuance as set forth in subsection (a) above, and (ii) there are no outstanding subscriptions, options, warrants, calls, convertible securities or other similar rights, agreements or commitments relating to the issuance of capital stock or voting securities to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party obligating the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to (A) issue, transfer or sell any shares of capital stock or other equity interests of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or securities convertible into or exchangeable for such shares or equity interests, (B) grant, extend or enter into any such subscription, option, warrant, call, convertible securities or other similar right, agreement or arrangement, (C) redeem or otherwise acquire, or vote or dispose of, any such shares of capital stock or other equity interests, or (D) provide a material amount of funds to, or make any material investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or otherwise) in, any Subsidiary.

 

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(c) Section 3.2(c) of the Company Disclosure Schedule lists or, in the case of clause (iii), describes, as of March 2, 2008 (the “Measurement Date”), with respect to (i) each outstanding Company Stock Option, (ii) each outstanding award of PARSUs and Restricted Stock (“Company Stock-Based Awards”) and (iii) each right of any kind, contingent or accrued, to receive shares of Company Common Stock or benefits measured in whole or in part by the value of a number of shares of Company Common Stock granted under the Company Stock Plans, Company Benefit Plans or otherwise (including restricted stock units, phantom units, deferred stock units and dividend equivalents) (“Other Incentive Awards”): (1) the particular plan pursuant to which the award was granted; (2) the number of Shares issuable thereunder or with respect thereto; (3) the vesting schedule; (4) the date and expiration date of the award; (5) the exercise price (if any) thereof; and (6) whether the vesting, exercisability of or right to repurchase of such award will be accelerated or affected in any way by the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. From the close of business on the Measurement Date until the date of this Agreement, other than in the ordinary course of business, no options to purchase shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock have been granted, no Company Stock-Based Awards have been granted, no Other Incentive Awards have been granted and no shares of Company Common Stock or Company Preferred Stock have been issued, except for Shares issued pursuant to the exercise of Company Stock Options outstanding on the Measurement Date and Shares issued pursuant to the settlement of Company Stock-Based Awards outstanding on the Measurement Date, in each case in accordance with their terms. Except for awards to acquire or receive shares of Company Common Stock under any equity incentive plan of the Company and its Subsidiaries, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has outstanding bonds, debentures, notes or other obligations, the holders of which have the right to vote (or which are convertible into or exercisable for securities having the right to vote) with the stockholders of the Company on any matter.

(d) There are no voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party with respect to the voting or disposition of the capital stock or other equity interest of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(e) All the outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other equity interests in, each Subsidiary of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, and were not issued in violation of any preemptive or similar rights, purchase option, call or right of first refusal or similar rights. All the outstanding shares of capital stock of, or other equity interests in, each Subsidiary of the Company are owned by the Company or a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company free and clear of all Liens (other than Permitted Liens).

SECTION 3.3 Corporate Authority Relative to This Agreement; No Violation.

(a) The Company has requisite corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and, subject to receipt of the Company Stockholder Approval, to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly and validly authorized by the Board of Directors and, except for (i) the Company Stockholder Approval, and (ii) the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to

 

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authorize this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Board of Directors has determined and resolved (i) that the Merger is fair to, and in the best interests of, the Company and its stockholders, (ii) to propose this Agreement for adoption by the Company’s stockholders and to declare the advisability of this Agreement and (iii) subject to the other provisions of this agreement, to recommend that the Company’s stockholders approve this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (collectively, the “Recommendation”), all of which determinations and resolutions have not been rescinded, modified or withdrawn in any way as of the date of this Agreement. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company and, assuming this Agreement constitutes the valid and binding agreement of Parent and Merger Sub, constitutes the valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as rights to indemnify hereunder may be limited by federal or state securities laws or the public policies embodied therein, (ii) as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, reorganization or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, and (iii) as the remedy of specific performance and other forms of injunctive relief may be subject to equitable defenses and to the discretion of the court before which any proceeding therefor may be brought.

(b) Other than in connection with or in compliance with (i) the DGCL, including, but not limited to, the filing of the Certificate of Merger (ii) the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), (iii) the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (the “HSR Act”), (iv) the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), (v) applicable state securities or “blue sky” Laws, (vi) the rules and regulations of NASDAQ Global Market (“NASDAQ”), and (vii) the approvals set forth on Section 3.3(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule (collectively, the “Company Approvals”), and subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Parent and Merger Sub in Section 4.9, no authorization, consent, permit, action or approval of, or filing with, or notification to, any United States or non-United States (including European Union) national, state, provincial, municipal or local government, governmental, administrative or regulatory agency, commission, court, body, entity or authority (each, a “Governmental Entity”) is necessary, under applicable Law, for the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except for any such authorization, consent, permit, action, approval, filing or notification the failure of which to make or obtain would not individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(c) The execution and delivery by the Company of this Agreement does not, and, except as described in Section 3.3(b), the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and compliance with the provisions of this Agreement will not (i) result in any violation of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to a right of termination, amendment, cancellation or acceleration of any obligation or to the loss of a benefit under any loan, guarantee of Indebtedness or credit agreement, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, agreement, contract, instrument, permit or license agreement (collectively, “Contracts”) binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or to which any of them is a party or any of their respective properties are bound, or result in the creation of any liens, claims, mortgages, encumbrances, pledges, security interests, equities or charges of any kind (each, a “Lien”), other than any such Lien (A) for Taxes or governmental assessments, charges or claims

 

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of payment not yet due, being contested in good faith or for which adequate accruals or reserves have been established, (B) which is a carriers’, warehousemen’s, mechanics’, materialmen’s, repairmen’s or other similar lien arising in the ordinary course of business, (C) which is disclosed on the most recent consolidated balance sheet of the Company made available to Parent (or notes thereto or securing liabilities reflected on such balance sheet) or (D) securing indebtedness not in excess of $100,000 (each of the foregoing, a “Permitted Lien”), upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) conflict with or result in any violation of any provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws or other equivalent organizational document, in each case as amended, of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or (iii) assuming receipt of the Company Stockholder Approval, conflict with or violate any applicable Laws, other than, in the case of clause (i), any such violation, conflict, default, termination, cancellation, acceleration, right, loss or Lien that would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect.

(d) Section 3.3(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of any consent, approval, authorization or permit of, action by, registration, declaration or filing with or notification to any person under any (i) Company Material Contract or (ii) material lease, material sublease, material assignment of lease or material occupancy agreement (each a “Material Lease”) to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party which is required in connection with the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, other than those the failure of which to obtain would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 3.4 Reports and Financial Statements.

(a) The Company has filed or furnished all forms, documents and reports (including exhibits) required to be filed or furnished by it with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) since December 31, 2006 (the “Company SEC Documents”). As of their respective dates, or, if amended, as of the date of the last such amendment, the Company SEC Documents (i) were prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as the case may be, and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder in all material respects, (ii) complied in all material respects with applicable Laws, and (iii) did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state or incorporate by reference any material fact required to be stated or incorporated by reference therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. No Subsidiary of the Company is required to file any form or report with the SEC. The Company is in compliance in all material respects with the applicable listing and corporate governance rules and regulations of NASDAQ.

(b) The Company has heretofore made available to Parent complete and correct copies of all amendments and modifications that have not been filed by the Company with the SEC to all agreements, documents and other instruments that previously had been filed by the Company with the SEC and are currently in effect. The Company has made available to Parent all comment letters received by the Company from the SEC or the staff thereof since December 31, 2005 and all responses to such comment letters filed by or on behalf of the Company. To the Company’s knowledge, each director and executive officer of the Company has filed with the SEC on a timely basis all statements required by Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder since December 31, 2005, except as disclosed in the Company SEC Documents.

 

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(c) The consolidated financial statements (including all related notes and schedules) of the Company included in the Company SEC Documents were prepared in accordance with GAAP and complied as to form in all material respects with the requirements of Regulation S-X of the SEC, and fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries, as of the respective dates thereof, and the consolidated results of their operations and their consolidated cash flows for the respective periods then ended (subject, in the case of the unaudited statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments and to any other adjustments described therein, including the notes thereto) in conformity with United States GAAP (except, in the case of the unaudited statements, as permitted by the SEC) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved (except as may be indicated therein or in the notes thereto).

(d) Each of the principal executive officer of the Company and the principal financial officer of the Company (or each former principal executive officer of the Company and each former principal financial officer of the Company, as applicable) has timely made all certifications required by Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 under the Exchange Act and Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“SOX”) with respect to the Company SEC Documents, and the statements contained in such certifications were complete and correct on the date such certifications were made. For purposes of this Agreement, “principal executive officer” and “principal financial officer” shall have the meanings given to such terms in SOX. As of September 30, 2007 and to the Company’s knowledge thereafter it maintains disclosure controls and procedures that comply with Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 under the Exchange Act; such controls and procedures are effective to ensure that all material information concerning the Company and its Subsidiaries is made known on a timely basis to the individuals responsible for the preparation of the Company’s SEC filings. As of September 30, 2007 and to the Company’s knowledge thereafter, as of the date of this Agreement, (i) there are no significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) nor (ii) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.

(e) The Company maintains a standard system of accounting established and administered in accordance with GAAP in all material respects. The Company and its Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls designed to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations and (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP in all material respects and to maintain asset accountability, The Company has made available to Parent complete and correct copies of, all material written descriptions of, and all policies, manuals and other documents promulgating, such internal accounting controls since December 31, 2006.

 

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(f) Since September 30, 2007, as of the date of this Agreement, the Company and its Subsidiaries have not altered in any material respects their practices for the payment of such accounts payable, including the timing of such payment.

(g) Since December 31, 2006, the Company has maintained a compliance hotline for the anonymous reporting of complaints regarding accounting or auditing matters and has not received any material complaints related to the Company’s accounting or auditing practices nor has there been any internal investigations regarding material accounting or revenue recognition matters.

SECTION 3.5 No Undisclosed Liabilities. Except (a) as reflected or reserved against in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets (or the notes thereto) included in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, (b) for liabilities incurred pursuant to this Agreement, (c) for liabilities and obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business since September 30, 2007 and (d) for liabilities or obligations which have been discharged or paid in full in the ordinary course of business, as of the date of this Agreement, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary of the Company has any liabilities or obligations of any nature, whether or not accrued, contingent or otherwise, that would be required by GAAP to be reflected on the consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries (or in the notes thereto) other than those which would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 3.6 Compliance with Law; Permits.

(a) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are in compliance with and are not in default under or in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign law, statute, ordinance, rule, regulation, judgment, order, injunction, decree or agency requirement of any Governmental Entity (collectively, “Laws” and each, a “Law”) applicable to the Company, its Subsidiaries and their respective businesses and activities, except where such non-compliance, default or violation would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Section 3.6(a), no representation or warranty shall be deemed to be made in this Section 3.6(a) in respect of the matters referenced in Section 3.4(a), or in respect of environmental matters, which are governed by Section 3.7 hereof, Tax matters, which are governed by Section 3.12 hereof, employee benefits matters, which are governed by Section 3.8 hereof, or labor Law matters, which are governed by Section 3.13 hereof.

(b) The Company and its Subsidiaries are in possession of all grants, authorizations, licenses, permits, easements, variances, exceptions, consents, certificates, approvals and orders of any Governmental Entity necessary for the Company and each of its Subsidiaries to own, lease and operate their respective properties and assets or to carry on their respective businesses as they are now being conducted (the “Company Permits”), except where the failure to have any of the Company Permits would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect. All Company Permits are in full force and effect, and no suspension or cancellation of any of the Company Permits is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, except where the failure to be in full force and effect or where the suspension or cancellation would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary holds or is required to hold any security clearance issued by a Governmental Entity or is required to be a party to any special security arrangement with a Governmental Entity to conduct any material portion of its business.

 

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SECTION 3.7 Environmental Laws and Regulations.

(a) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Company Material Adverse Effect, (i) the Company and its Subsidiaries have conducted their respective businesses in compliance with all applicable Environmental Laws, (ii) to the knowledge of the Company, none of the properties owned, leased or operated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries contains any Hazardous Substance as a result of any activity of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries in amounts exceeding the levels permitted by applicable Environmental Laws, (iii) since September 30, 2007, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any notices, demand letters or requests for information from any federal, state, local or foreign Governmental Entity indicating that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries may be in violation of, or liable under, any Environmental Law in connection with the ownership or operation of their respective businesses or any of their respective properties or assets, (iv) to the knowledge of the Company, no Hazardous Substance has been disposed of, released or transported in violation of any applicable Environmental Law, or in a manner giving rise to any liability under Environmental Law, from any properties presently or formerly owned, leased or operated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as a result of any activity of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries during the time such properties were owned, leased or operated by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (v) neither the Company, its Subsidiaries nor any of their respective properties are subject to any liabilities relating to any suit, settlement, court order, administrative order, regulatory requirement, judgment or written claim asserted or arising under any Environmental Law. It is agreed and understood that no representation or warranty is made in respect of environmental matters in any Section of this Agreement other than this Section 3.7. The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all material environmental records, reports, notifications, certificates of need, permits, engineering studies, and environmental studies or assessments, in each case as requested by Parent and in the Company’s possession.

(b) As used herein, “Environmental Law” means any Law relating to (x) the protection, preservation or restoration of the environment (including air, water vapor, surface water, groundwater, drinking water supply, surface land, subsurface land, plant and animal life or any other natural resource), or (y) the exposure to, or the use, storage, recycling, treatment, generation, transportation, processing, handling, labeling, production, release or disposal of Hazardous Substances.

(c) As used herein, “Hazardous Substance” means any substance presently listed, defined, designated or classified as hazardous, toxic, radioactive, or dangerous, or otherwise regulated, under any Environmental Law. Hazardous Substance includes any substance to which exposure is regulated by any Governmental Entity or any Environmental Law including any toxic waste, pollutant, contaminant, hazardous substance (including toxic mold), toxic substance, hazardous waste, special waste, industrial substance or petroleum or any derivative or byproduct thereof, radon, radioactive material, asbestos, or asbestos-containing material, urea formaldehyde, foam insulation or polychlorinated biphenyls.

 

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SECTION 3.8 Employee Benefit Plans.

(a) Section 3.8(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of each material employee or director benefit plan, arrangement or agreement, whether or not written, including, without limitation, any employee welfare benefit plan within the meaning of Section 3(1) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) (whether or not such plan is subject to ERISA), any employee pension benefit plan within the meaning of Section 3(2) of ERISA (whether or not such plan is subject to ERISA) and any material bonus, incentive, deferred compensation, vacation, stock purchase, stock option or other equity-based plan or arrangement, severance, employment, change of control or fringe benefit plan, program or agreement (the “Company Benefit Plans”) that is or has been sponsored, maintained or contributed to by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(b) The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of each of the Company Benefit Plans and material related documents, including, but not limited to, (i) each writing constituting a part of such Company Benefit Plan, including all amendments thereto; (ii) the three most recent Annual Reports (Form 5500 Series) and accompanying schedules, if any; and (iii) for any Company Benefit Plan intended to be a tax-qualified retirement plan, the most recent determination letter from the IRS (if applicable) for such Company Benefit Plan, or if the Company Benefit Plan is maintained under a pre-approved prototype plan, the IRS opinion letter ruling on the prototype plan.

(c) (i) Each of the Company Benefit Plans has been operated and administered in all material respects in compliance with applicable Laws, including, but not limited to, ERISA, the Code and in each case the regulations thereunder; (ii) each of the Company Benefit Plans intended to be “qualified” within the meaning of Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified, and to the knowledge of the Company there are no existing circumstances or any events that have occurred that could reasonably be expected to adversely affect the qualified status of any such plan that would, individually or in the aggregate, result in any material liability for the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (iii) no Company Benefit Plan is subject to Title IV or Section 302 of ERISA or Section 412 or 4971 of the Code; (iv) no Company Benefit Plan provides benefits, including, without limitation, death or medical benefits (whether or not insured), with respect to current or former employees or directors of the Company or its Subsidiaries beyond their retirement or other termination of service, other than (A) coverage mandated by applicable Law or (B) death benefits or retirement benefits under any “employee pension benefit plan” (as such term is defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA); (v) no material liability under Title IV of ERISA has been incurred by the Company, its Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate of the Company that has not been satisfied in full, and, to the knowledge of the Company, no condition exists that presents a material risk to the Company, its Subsidiaries or any ERISA Affiliate of the Company of incurring a liability thereunder; (vi) no Company Benefit Plan is a “multiemployer pension plan” (as such term is defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA) or a plan that has two or more contributing sponsors, at least two of whom are not under common control, within the meaning of Section 4063 of ERISA; (vii) all material contributions

 

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or other amounts payable by the Company or its Subsidiaries with respect to each Company Benefit Plan in respect of current or prior plan years have been paid or accrued in accordance with GAAP; (viii) neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries has engaged in a transaction in connection with which the Company or its Subsidiaries reasonably could be subject to either a material civil penalty assessed pursuant to Section 409 or 502(i) of ERISA or a material tax imposed pursuant to Section 4975 or 4976 of the Code; and (ix) there are no pending, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened or anticipated claims (other than routine claims for benefits) by, on behalf of or against any of the Company Benefit Plans, administrators or trustees under such plans or any trusts related thereto which could individually or in the aggregate reasonably be expected to result in any material liability of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole. “ERISA Affiliate” means, with respect to any entity, trade or business, any other entity, trade or business that is a member of a group described in Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code or Section 4001(b)(1) of ERISA that includes the first entity, trade or business, or that is a member of the same “controlled group” as the first entity, trade or business pursuant to Section 4001(a)(14) of ERISA.

(d) Except as set forth in Section 3.8(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, neither the execution, delivery, performance of this Agreement nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (either alone or in conjunction with any other event) will (i) result in any material payment (including, without limitation, severance, unemployment compensation and forgiveness of Indebtedness or otherwise) becoming due to any director or any employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from the Company or any of its Subsidiaries under any Company Benefit Plan or otherwise, (ii) materially increase any benefits otherwise payable under any Company Benefit Plan, (iii) result in any acceleration of any material benefits or the time of payment or vesting of any such benefits, (iv) require the funding of any such benefits or (v) limit the ability to amend or terminate any Company Benefit Plan or related trust.

SECTION 3.9 Absence of Certain Changes or Events. Since September 30, 2007, (i) the businesses of the Company and its Subsidiaries have been conducted, in all material respects, in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (ii) there has not been any event, development or state of circumstances that has had, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect, and (iii) none of the Company or any Subsidiary has taken any action that, if taken after the date of this Agreement, would constitute a breach of any of the covenants set forth in Section 5.1.

SECTION 3.10 Investigations; Litigation. (a) There is no investigation or review pending (or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened in writing) by any Governmental Entity with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (b) there are no actions, suits, inquiries, investigations, arbitration, mediation or proceedings pending (or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened) against or affecting the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective properties at law or in equity before, and there are no orders, judgments or decrees of, or before, any Governmental Entity in each case of clause (a) or (b), which would be reasonably likely, individually or in the aggregate, to exceed $100,000.

 

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SECTION 3.11 Proxy Statement; Other Information. None of the information provided by the Company or its Representatives to be included in the Proxy Statement will (i) at the time of the mailing of the Proxy Statement or any amendments or supplements thereto and (ii) at the time of the Company Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Proxy Statement, as to information supplied by the Company, will comply as to form in all material respects with the provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, the rules of NASDAQ, and applicable Laws. The letter to stockholders, notice of meeting, proxy statement and forms of proxy to be distributed to stockholders in connection with the Merger to be filed with the SEC are collectively referred to herein as the “Proxy Statement.” Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company makes no representation or warranty with respect to the information supplied by Parent or Merger Sub or any of their respective Representatives that is contained or incorporated by reference in the Proxy Statement.

SECTION 3.12 Tax Matters.

(a) Except as would not be reasonably likely, individually or in the aggregate, to exceed $100,000, (i) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have prepared and timely filed (taking into account any extension of time within which to file) all Tax Returns required to be filed by any of them and all such filed Tax Returns are complete and accurate, (ii) the Company and each of its Subsidiaries have paid all Taxes that are required to be paid by any of them, (iii) there are not pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened in writing, any audits, examinations, investigations, actions, suits, claims or other proceedings in respect of Taxes nor has any deficiency for any Tax been assessed by any Governmental Entity in writing against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has made any compensatory payments or has been or is a party to any compensatory agreement, contract, arrangement, or plan that provides for compensatory payments that were not deductible or could reasonably be expected to be nondeductible under Code Section 162(m), (v) all Taxes required to be withheld by the Company and its Subsidiaries have been withheld and paid over to the appropriate Tax authority, (vi) the Company has not been a “controlled corporation” or a “distributing corporation” in any distribution occurring since January 1, 2006 that was intended to be governed by Section 355 of the Code, (vii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has entered into any transaction defined under Sections 1.6011-4(b)(2), -4(b)(3) or -4(b)(4) of the Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Code, (viii) the Company is not the beneficiary of any extension of time within which to file any material Tax Return, (ix) to the Company’s knowledge there are no liens for Taxes (other than Taxes not yet due and payable) upon any of the material assets of the Company, (x) the Company has not been a member of an affiliated group filing a consolidated federal income Tax Return (other than a group the common parent of which was the Company), and does not have any liability for the Taxes of any person (other than the Company) under Section 1.1502-6 of the Treasury Regulations (or any similar provision of state, local, or foreign law), as a transferee or successor, by contract, or otherwise, and (xi) the Company is not a party to or bound by any tax allocation or sharing agreement.

(b) The Company has delivered to Parent correct and complete copies of all federal income Tax Returns, examination reports, and statements of deficiencies assessed against, or agreed to by the Company since January 1, 2004.

 

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(c) As used in this Agreement, (i) “Taxes” means any and all domestic or foreign, federal, state, local or other taxes of any kind (together with any and all interest, penalties, additions to tax and additional amounts imposed with respect thereto) imposed by any Governmental Entity, including taxes on or with respect to income, windfall or other profits, gross receipts, property, sales, use, capital stock, payroll, employment, unemployment, social security, workers’ compensation or net worth, and taxes in the nature of excise, withholding, ad valorem or value added, and (ii) “Tax Return” means any return, report or similar filing (including the attached schedules) required to be filed with respect to Taxes, including any information return or declaration of estimated Taxes.

SECTION 3.13 Labor Matters.

(a) Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to, or bound by, any collective bargaining agreement, contract or other agreement or understanding with a labor union or labor organization. To the Company’s knowledge, there are no labor unions or other organizations attempting to represent any employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries. There are no pending material representation petitions involving either the Company or any of its Subsidiaries before the National Labor Relations Board or any state labor board, except in each case that would not, individually or in the aggregate, be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any material unfair labor practice charge or complaint, dispute, strike or work stoppage. To the knowledge of the Company, there are no material organizational efforts with respect to the formation of a collective bargaining unit presently being made or threatened involving employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

(b) The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are in compliance, in all material respects, with all employment agreements, consulting and other service contracts, written employee or human resources personnel policies (to the extent they contain enforceable obligations), handbooks or manuals, and severance or separation agreements. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with applicable Laws related to employment, employment practices, wages, hours and other terms and conditions of employment. As of the date of this Agreement, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has a material labor or employment dispute currently subject to any grievance procedure, arbitration or litigation, or to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against it.

(c) To the knowledge of the Company, substantially all current employees of the Company and its Subsidiaries have entered into a confidentiality and assignment of inventions agreement with the Company, a form of which has previously been made available to Parent. To the knowledge of the Company, no employee of the Company or any Subsidiary is in violation of any term of any patent disclosure agreement, non-competition agreement, or any restrictive covenant to a former employer relating to the right of any such employee to be employed by the Company or any Subsidiary because of the nature of the business conducted or presently proposed to be conducted by the Company or any Subsidiary or to the use of trade secrets or proprietary information of others, the consequences of which would have a Company Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, as of the date of this Agreement, no significant group of employees or material number of employees of the Company has threatened to terminate employment with the Company.

 

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SECTION 3.14 Intellectual Property.

(a) Section 3.14(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of (i) all registered U.S. and foreign patents and patent applications, (ii) all registered U.S. and foreign trademarks, service marks and trade names in all countries of the world, (iii) all U.S. and foreign copyright registrations and applications for registration of copyrights and (iv) all registered internet domain names and applications for registration of internet domain names, in each case, that are owned or controlled (in the sense of having the exclusive right to license others) by the Company or any Subsidiary (collectively, the “Company Registered Intellectual Property”).

(b) Section 3.14(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a list of all Licenses relating to patents, patent applications, inventions, know-how, technology, or the like that are material to the conduct of the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries as currently conducted and a list of all Licenses relating to trademarks, service marks, trade names, copyrights, domain names, Software and other Intellectual Property that are material to the conduct of the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries as currently conducted, in each case, to which the Company or a Subsidiary is a party, other than (i) nondisclosure agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business, (ii) licenses of commercially available, off-the-shelf or shrink-wrap computer software having a value of less than $150,000, and (iii) agreements entered into with the Company’s customers or prospective customers that do not materially differ from Company’s standard form agreements attached to Section 3.14(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule. “Licenses” mean (i) licenses of Intellectual Property by the Company or a Subsidiary to third parties, (ii) licenses of Intellectual Property by third parties to the Company or a Subsidiary, and (iii) agreements between the Company or a Subsidiary and third parties relating to the development or use of Intellectual Property.

(c) Except as would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company or its Subsidiaries own, or are licensed or otherwise possess legally enforceable rights to use, free and clear of all Liens (other than Permitted Liens), intellectual property of any type, registered or unregistered and however denominated, including all material trademarks, service marks, trade names, and other brand or source identifiers, together with the goodwill associated therewith, copyrights, copyrightable works, mask works, patents, patent applications and invention registrations, know-how, trade secrets and other confidential and proprietary information, including registrations and applications for registration of any of the foregoing, and rights to sue and other choices of action arising from any of the foregoing (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”), as such Intellectual Property is used in their respective businesses as currently conducted. Except as would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect, (i) there are no pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened claims by any person alleging infringement, dilution, or misappropriation by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for their use of the Intellectual Property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) to the knowledge of the Company, the conduct of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries does not infringe any intellectual

 

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property rights of any person, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received an “invitation to license” or other communication from any third party asserting that the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or will be obligated to take a license under any Intellectual Property owned by any third party in order to continue to conduct their respective businesses as they are currently conducted, (iii) neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has made any claim of a violation or infringement by others of its rights to or in connection with the Intellectual Property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) to the knowledge of the Company, no person is infringing, diluting, or misappropriating any Intellectual Property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (v) the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall not result in the loss or reduction in scope of Intellectual Property rights owned by or licensed to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether by termination or expiration of such license, the performance of such license pursuant to its terms, or other means. The Company and its Subsidiaries have taken commercially reasonable actions in accordance with normal industry practice required to maintain the confidentiality of their trade secrets and material confidential Intellectual Property and to protect, preserve, and maintain the validity and effectiveness of its Intellectual Property, including, but not limited to, paying all applicable fees related to the registration, maintenance, and renewal of such owned Intellectual Property. To the knowledge of the Company, the Company Registered Intellectual Property that is issued or registered is valid and enforceable, and has not been adjudged invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part.

(d) To the knowledge of the Company, each License of material Company Intellectual Property is valid and enforceable, is binding on all parties to such License, and is in full force and effect in all material respects. None of the Company, any Subsidiary or, to the knowledge of the Company, any other party to any License of material Company Intellectual Property is in material breach thereof or default thereunder.

(e) The Merger, including the assignment by operation of Law or otherwise of any License or Material Contract to the Surviving Corporation, will not result in: (i) Parent or any subsidiary of Parent (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries, but only to the extent existing prior to this Agreement) being bound by any non-compete or other material restriction on the operation of any business of Parent or any subsidiary of Parent, or (ii) Parent or any subsidiary of Parent (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries, but only to the extent existing prior to this Agreement) granting any rights or licenses to any Intellectual Property of Parent or any subsidiary of Parent (including a covenant not to sue).

(f) Section 3.14(f) of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of all Company computer software, programs and databases in any form, including Internet web sites, web content and links, all versions, updates, corrections, enhancements, and modifications thereof, and all related documentation that are material to the conduct of material business of the Company and the Subsidiaries as currently conducted (“Software”). To the Company’s knowledge, as of the date of this Agreement, the Software, systems, servers, computers, hardware, firmware, middleware, networks, data communications lines, routers, hubs, switches and all other information technology equipment, and all associated documentation, used by the Company or its Subsidiaries in the operation of their material business (the “Company IT Assets”) are adequate for, and operate and perform in all material

 

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respects as required in connection with, the operation of the material business of the Company and its Subsidiaries as currently conducted. Except as would not be material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries as currently conducted, the Company IT Assets as of the date of this Agreement, have not materially malfunctioned or failed within the past three (3) years and to the knowledge of the Company do not contain any viruses, worms, Trojan horses, bugs, faults or other devices, errors, contaminants or effects that (i) significantly disrupt or adversely affect the functionality of any Company IT Assets or other Software or systems, except as disclosed in their documentation, or (ii) enable or assist any person to access without authorization any Company IT Assets.

SECTION 3.15 Real Property; Title to Assets.

(a) Section 3.15(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a list of the addresses of all real property currently or to the knowledge of the Company formerly owned by the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company (the “Owned Real Properties”). Except as would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect, the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company has good and valid title in fee simple to each of the currently Owned Real Properties free and clear of all leases, tenancies, options to purchase or lease, rights of first refusal, claims, liens, charges, security interests or encumbrances of any nature whatsoever (collectively, “Property Encumbrances”), except (A) leases to a Subsidiary of the Company that the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company may freely amend or terminate without the consent of any other person, (B) statutory liens securing payments not yet due, (C) Property Encumbrances that do not affect the continued use of the property for the purposes for which the property is currently being used, (D) mortgages, or deeds of trust, security interest or other encumbrances on title related to Indebtedness reflected on the consolidated financial statements of the Company, and (E) Permitted Liens.

(b) Section 3.15(b) of the Company Disclosure Schedule contains a list of all leases, with reference to the addresses for all real property currently or to the knowledge of the Company formerly leased to the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company (the “Leased Real Properties”, and together with the Owned Real Properties, the “Real Properties”). Except as would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect, (i) the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company has good leasehold title with respect to each of the currently Leased Real Properties, subject only to (A) subleases to a Subsidiary of the Company that the Company or a Subsidiary of the Company may freely amend or terminate without the consent of any other person, (B) statutory liens securing payments not yet due, (C) Property Encumbrances that do not affect the continued use of the property for the purposes for which the property is currently being used, (D) mortgages, or deeds of trust, security interest or other encumbrances on title related to Indebtedness reflected on the consolidated financial statements of the Company, and (E) Permitted Liens; (ii) each lease of the currently Leased Real Properties is in full force and effect and is legal, valid and binding in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar Laws, now or hereafter in effect, and principles of equity affecting creditors’ rights and remedies generally; and (iii) there is not, under any of such leases, any existing default or event of default (or event which, with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default) by the Company or any

Subsidiary or, to the Company’s knowledge, by the other party to such lease, or person in the chain of title to such leased premises.

 

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(c) Except as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect, there are no contractual or legal restrictions that preclude or restrict the ability to use any real property leased by the Company or any Subsidiary for the purposes for which it is currently being used.

(d) Except as would not have a Company Material Adverse Effect, each of the Company and the Subsidiaries has good and valid title to, or, in the case of leased properties and assets, valid leasehold or subleasehold interests in, all of its tangible properties and assets, real, personal and mixed, used or held for use in its business free and clear of all mortgages, pledges, liens, security interests, conditional and installment sale agreements, encumbrances, charges or other claims of third parties of any kind, including, without limitation, any easement, right of way or other encumbrance to title, or any option, right of first refusal, or right of first offer, except for such imperfections of title, if any, that do not materially interfere with the use of the subject property.

SECTION 3.16 Material Contracts.

(a) Except for this Agreement, the Company Benefit Plans or as filed with the SEC, as of the date of this Agreement, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or bound by any Contract

(i) constituting a “material contract” (as such term is defined in Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K of the SEC);

(ii) containing covenants binding upon the Company or any of its affiliates that materially restricts the ability of the Company or any of its affiliates (or which, following the consummation of the Merger, could materially restrict the ability of the Surviving Corporation or its affiliates) to compete in any business that is material to the Company and its affiliates, taken as a whole, as of the date of this Agreement, or that restricts the ability of the Company or any of its affiliates (or which, following the consummation of the Merger, would restrict the ability of the Surviving Corporation or its affiliates) to compete with any person or in any geographic area;

(iii) relating to the lease or license of any material asset, including material Intellectual Property;

(iv) that would prevent, materially delay or materially impede the Company’s ability to consummate the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement

(v) that contemplates an exchange of consideration with a value of more than $150,000, in the aggregate, over the term of such contract or agreement, other than contracts or agreements made in the ordinary course of business;

(vi) evidencing Indebtedness for borrowed money in excess of $50,000;

 

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(vii) relating to joint venture, partnership, and business acquisition or divestiture agreements;

(viii) relating to issuances of securities of the Company or any Subsidiary, other than agreements relating to the issuance of awards under the Company Stock Plans;

(ix) obligating the Company or any Subsidiary to indemnify any third party for amounts that could be material to the Company other than agreements made in the ordinary course of business;

(x) relating to, distributor, manufacturer’s representative, sales promotion, market research, marketing consulting and advertising contracts and agreements to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or any other contract that compensates any person based on any sales by the Company or a Subsidiary in an amount exceeding $100,000 individually except in the case of distributors and manufacturer’s representatives which shall have no dollar threshold;

(xi) with other consultants (excluding contracts for employment or service), including any contracts involving the payment of royalties or other amounts calculated based upon the revenues or income of the Company or any Subsidiary or income or revenues related to any product of the Company or any Subsidiary to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party;

(xii) whereby the Company or any Subsidiary receives economic incentives, Tax abatements, Tax holiday or other Tax or economic benefits from any Governmental Entity in excess of $50,000; or

(xiii) with any Governmental Entity to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party in excess of $50,000;

(all contracts of the type described in this Section 3.16(a), together with all Material Leases, all material employment agreements and the Company Benefit Plans, being referred to herein as “Company Material Contracts”).

(b) Each Company Material Contract is a legal, valid and binding agreement except to the extent they have previously expired in accordance with their terms, or except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Company Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary of the Company is in breach of or default under the terms of any Company Material Contract where such breach or default would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect. To the knowledge of the Company, no other party to any Company Material Contract is in breach of default under the terms of any Company Material Contract where such breach or default would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect. The Company has made available to Parent true and complete copies of all Company Material Contracts except as filed with the SEC, including any amendments thereto.

SECTION 3.17 Finders or BrokersExcept for the Advisor (as defined below), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has employed any investment banker, broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement who is entitled to any fee or any commission in connection with or upon consummation of the Merger.

 

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SECTION 3.18 InsuranceThe Company and its Subsidiaries own or hold policies of insurance, or are self-insured, in amounts providing reasonably adequate coverage against all risks customarily insured against by companies and subsidiaries in similar lines of business as the Company, its Subsidiaries, and in amounts sufficient to comply with all Material Contracts to which the Company or its Subsidiaries are parties or are otherwise bound. The annual premium amount of the current policies of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance and fiduciary liability insurance maintained by the Company and its Subsidiaries is set forth on Section 3.18 of the Company Disclosure Schedule.

SECTION 3.19 Takeover StatutesAssuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in Section 4.9, no “fair price”, “moratorium”, “control share acquisition”, “business combination” or other similar anti-takeover statute or regulation enacted under state or federal laws in the United States applicable to the Company is applicable to the Merger or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

SECTION 3.20 Affiliate Transactions. There are no material transactions, agreements, arrangements or understandings between (i) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and (ii) any other person, on the other hand, of the type that would be required to be disclosed under Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act which have not been disclosed prior to the date of this Agreement (such transactions referred to herein as “Affiliate Transactions”).

SECTION 3.21 Opinion of Financial Advisor. The Board has received the opinion of Thomas Weisel Partners LLC (the “Advisor”) dated the date of this Agreement, to the effect that, as of such date, the Merger Consideration to be received by the holders of the Company Common Stock is fair to such holders from a financial point of view.

SECTION 3.22 Required Vote of the Company StockholdersSubject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Parent and Merger Sub in Section 4.9, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock on the record date of the Company Meeting, voting together as a single class, is the only vote of holders of securities of the Company which is required to approve this Agreement and the Merger (the “Company Stockholder Approval”).

SECTION 3.23. Customers. Section 3.23 of the Company Disclosure Schedule sets forth a true and complete list of the Company’s top ten customers for the period ended December 31, 2007. As of the date of this Agreement, no customer that accounted for more than five percent of the Company’s consolidated revenues during the 2007 calendar year, (a) has cancelled or otherwise terminated any master purchase contract with the Company or any Subsidiary prior to the expiration of the contract term, (b) has returned, or threatened to return, a substantial amount of any of the products, equipment, goods and services purchased from the Company or any Subsidiary in excess of $50,000, or (c) to the Company’s knowledge, has threatened, or notified the Company of its intention, to cancel or otherwise terminate its relationship with the Company

 

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or its Subsidiaries or to reduce substantially its purchase from or sale to the Company or any Subsidiary of any products, equipment, goods or services. To the Company’s knowledge, since January 1, 2007 neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has (i) breached, in any material respect, any agreement with or (ii) engaged in any fraudulent conduct with respect to, any such customer of the Company or a Subsidiary.

SECTION 3.24. Disclaimer of Other Representations and Warranties. The Company does not make, and has not made, any representations or warranties in connection with the Merger and the transactions contemplated hereby other than those expressly set forth herein, including those items set forth in the Company Disclosure Schedule or incorporated herein by reference. For the avoidance of doubt, notwithstanding the fact that Parent and Merger Sub and their representatives have been afforded the opportunity, prior to the date hereof, to ask questions of, and receive answers from the Company and its management, it is understood that any responses from or other information provided by the Company, or its management, including, but not limited to any data, financial information or any memoranda or other materials of any nature whatsoever or any presentations are not and shall not be deemed to be or to include representations and warranties of the Company except as otherwise set forth herein or in the Company Disclosure Schedule.

SECTION 3.25. Certain Business Practices. None of the Company, any Subsidiary or, to the Company’s knowledge, any directors or officers, agents or employees of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (a) used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to political activity; (b) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns or violated any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977; or (c) made any payment in the nature of criminal bribery.

ARTICLE IV

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PARENT AND MERGER SUB

Except as disclosed in the disclosure schedule delivered by Parent to the Company immediately prior to the execution of this Agreement (the “Parent Disclosure Schedule”), Parent and Merger Sub represent and warrant to the Company as follows:

SECTION 4.1 Qualification; Organization, Subsidiaries, etc. Each of Parent and Merger Sub is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of its respective jurisdiction of incorporation and has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to carry on its business as presently conducted and is qualified to do business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction where the ownership, leasing or operation of its assets or properties or conduct of its business requires such qualification, except where the failure to be so organized, validly existing, qualified or in good standing, or to have such power or authority, would not, individually or in the aggregate, prevent or materially delay or materially impair the ability of Parent or Merger Sub to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement (a “Parent Material Adverse Effect”). Parent has made available to the Company prior to the date of this Agreement a true and complete copy of the

 

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certificate of incorporation and bylaws or other equivalent organizational documents of Parent and Merger Sub, each as amended through the date of this Agreement. The certificate of incorporation and bylaws or similar organizational documents of Parent and Merger Sub are in full force and effect, except as would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Parent Material Adverse Effect. Neither Parent nor Merger Sub is in violation of any provisions of its certificate of incorporation or bylaws or similar organizational documents, other than such violations as would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Parent Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 4.2 Corporate Authority Relative to This Agreement; No Violation.

(a) Each of Parent and Merger Sub has all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly and validly authorized by the Boards of Directors of Parent and Merger Sub and by Parent, as the sole stockholder of Merger Sub, and, except for the filing of the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, no other corporate proceedings on the part of Parent or Merger Sub are necessary to authorize this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. This Agreement has been duly and validly executed and delivered by Parent and Merger Sub and, assuming this Agreement constitutes the valid and binding agreements of the Company, this Agreement constitutes the valid and binding agreement of Parent and Merger Sub, enforceable against each of Parent and Merger Sub in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar Laws, now or hereafter in effect, and principles of equity affecting creditors’ rights and remedies generally.

(b) Other than in connection with or in compliance with (i) the provisions of the DGCL, (ii) the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, state securities, takeover and “blue sky” laws and (iii) the HSR Act (collectively, the “Parent Approvals”), no authorization, consent, permit, action or approval of, or filing with, or notification to, any Governmental Entity is necessary for the consummation by Parent or Merger Sub of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except for any such authorization, consent, permit, action, approval, filing or notification the failure of which to make or obtain would not individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Parent Material Adverse Effect.

(c) The execution and delivery by Parent and Merger Sub of this Agreement does not, and, except as described in Section 4.2(b), the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and compliance with the provisions of this Agreement will not (i) result in any violation of, or default (with or without notice or lapse of time, or both) under, or give rise to a right of termination, amendment, cancellation or acceleration of any material obligation or to the loss of a material benefit under any loan, guarantee of Indebtedness or credit agreement, note, bond, mortgage, indenture, lease, agreement, contract, instrument, permit or license agreement binding upon Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, or to which any of them is a party or any of their respective properties are bound, or result in the creation of any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) upon any of the properties or assets of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries, (ii) conflict with or result in any violation of any provision of the certificate of incorporation or bylaws or other equivalent organizational document, in each case as amended, of Parent or any of its Subsidiaries or

 

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(iii) assuming that all consents, approvals and other authorizations described in Section 3.3(b) have been obtained and that all filings and other actions described in Section 3.3(b) have been made or taken, conflict with or violate any applicable Laws, other than, in the case of clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), any such violation, conflict, default, termination, cancellation, acceleration, right, loss or Lien that would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Parent Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 4.3 Investigations; LitigationThere is no investigation or review pending (or, to the knowledge of Parent, threatened) by any Governmental Entity with respect to Parent or any of its Subsidiaries which would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Parent Material Adverse Effect, and there are no actions, suits, inquiries, investigations or proceedings pending (or, to Parent’s knowledge, threatened) against or affecting Parent or its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective properties at law or in equity before, and there are no orders, judgments or decrees of, or before, any Governmental Entity, in each case, which would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Parent Material Adverse Effect.

SECTION 4.4 Proxy Statement; Other Information. None of the information provided by Parent or its Subsidiaries to be included in the Proxy Statement will (i) at the time of the mailing of the Proxy Statement or any amendments or supplements thereto and (ii) at the time of the Company Meeting, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any information so provided by Parent or Merger Sub that subsequently changes or becomes incomplete or incorrect to the extent such changes or failure to be complete or correct are promptly disclosed to the Company and to the further extent that Parent and Merger Sub reasonably cooperate with the Company in preparing, filing or disseminating updated information to the extent required by Law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither Parent nor Merger Sub makes any representation or warranty with respect to any information supplied by the Company or any of its Representatives that is contained or incorporated by reference in the Proxy Statement.

SECTION 4.5 Capitalization of Merger SubThe authorized capital stock of Merger Sub consists of 100 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, all of which are validly issued and outstanding. All of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Merger Sub is, and at the Effective Time will be, owned by Parent or a direct or indirect wholly owned Subsidiary of Parent. Merger Sub has outstanding no option, warrant, right, or any other agreement pursuant to which any person other than Parent may acquire any equity security of Merger Sub. Merger Sub has not conducted any business prior to the date of this Agreement and has, and prior to the Effective Time will have, no assets, liabilities or obligations of any nature other than those incident to its formation and pursuant to this Agreement and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

SECTION 4.6 No Vote of Parent StockholdersNo vote of the stockholders of Parent or the holders of any other securities of Parent (equity or otherwise) is required by any applicable Law, the certificate of incorporation or bylaws or other equivalent organizational documents of Parent or the applicable rules of any exchange on which securities of Parent are traded, in order for Parent to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

 

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SECTION 4.7 Finders or BrokersNeither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries has employed any investment banker, broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement who is entitled to any fee or any commission in connection with or upon consummation of the Merger.

SECTION 4.8 Lack of Ownership of Company Common Stock. Neither Parent nor any of its Subsidiaries beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, any shares of Company Common Stock or other securities convertible into, exchangeable into or exercisable for shares of Company Common Stock. There are no voting trusts or other agreements, arrangements or understandings to which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is a party with respect to the voting of the capital stock or other equity interest of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries nor are there any agreements, arrangements or understandings to which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is a party with respect to the acquisition, divestiture, retention, purchase, sale or tendering of the capital stock or other equity interest of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.

SECTION 4.9 WARN ActParent and Merger Sub are neither planning nor contemplating, and Parent and Merger Sub have neither made nor taken, any decisions or actions concerning the Company Employees after the Closing that would require the service of notice under the WARN Act or similar local laws.

SECTION 4.10 Adequate Funds. Parent has the cash required to pay the Merger Consideration and to pay all other amounts payable by Parent or Merger Sub pursuant to this Agreement. Parent and Merger Sub are unaware of any facts or circumstances that could result in Parent or Merger Sub not having sufficient funds to consummate the Merger and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

SECTION 4.11 Opportunity to Meet and No Additional Representations. Parent acknowledges that, it and its Representatives have had the opportunity to meet with the management of the Company and to discuss the business and assets of the Company. Parent acknowledges that neither the Company nor any person has made any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information regarding the Company furnished or made available to Parent and its Representatives except as expressly set forth in Article III (which includes the Company Disclosure Schedule and the Company SEC Documents), and neither the Company nor any other person shall be subject to any liability to Parent or any of its affiliates resulting from the Company’s making available to Parent or Parent’s use of such information provided or made available to Parent or its Representatives, or any information, documents or material made available to Parent in the due diligence materials provided to Parent, other management presentations (formal or informal) or in any other form in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Without limiting the foregoing, the Company makes no representation or warranty to Parent with respect to any financial projection, forecast, estimate or budget relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, whether or not included in any management presentation, disclosure or otherwise delivered to or made available to Parent or Merger Sub or any of their respective Affiliates or

 

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any representatives of future revenues, future results of operations (or any component thereof), future cash flows or future financial condition (or any component thereof) of the Company and its Subsidiaries or of the future business and operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries

ARTICLE V

CERTAIN AGREEMENTS

SECTION 5.1 Conduct of Business by the Company and Parent.

(a) From and after the date of this Agreement and prior to the Effective Time or the date, if any, on which this Agreement is earlier terminated pursuant to Section 7.1 (the “Termination Date”), and except (i) as may be required by applicable Law, (ii) as may be agreed in writing by Parent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), (iii) as may be required, permitted or expressly contemplated by this Agreement or (iv) as set forth in Section 5.1 of the Company Disclosure Schedule, the Company agrees with Parent that (A) the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall be conducted in, and such entities shall not take any action except in, the ordinary course of business in a manner generally consistent with past practice, and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts (with the reasonable cooperation of Parent and Merger Sub and their Affiliates) to (1) preserve intact its and its Subsidiaries’ present business organization and capital structure; (2) maintain in effect all material Permits that are required for the Company or its Subsidiaries to carry on their respective businesses; (3) keep available the services of present officers and employees (as a group), provided that it would not cause the Company to incur any material additional cost; and (4) maintain the current relationships with its lenders, customers, suppliers and other Persons with which the Company or its Subsidiaries have significant business relationships; provided, however, that no action by the Company or its Subsidiaries with respect to matters specifically addressed by any provision of Section 5.1(b) shall be deemed a breach of this sentence unless such action would constitute a breach of such other provision.

(b) The Company agrees with Parent, on behalf of itself and its Subsidiaries, that between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time or the Termination Date, without the prior written consent of Parent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), the Company:

(i) shall not authorize, declare or pay any dividends on or make any distribution with respect to its outstanding shares of capital stock (whether in cash, assets, stock or other securities of the Company) other than a dividend or distribution by a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company to the Company in the ordinary course of business;

(ii) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, split, combine or reclassify any of its capital stock or other equity securities or issue or authorize or propose the issuance of any other securities in respect of, in lieu of or in substitution for shares of its capital stock or other equity securities, except for any such transaction by a wholly owned Subsidiary of the Company which remains a wholly owned Subsidiary after consummation of such transaction;

 

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(iii) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, (A) hire additional employees, except hiring in the ordinary course of business, (B) except as required by existing written agreements, increase the compensation or other benefits payable or provided to the Company’s present or former directors, officers or employees, except in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice in the compensation of employees of the Company who are not directors or officers of the Company, (C) except in the ordinary course of business, approve or enter into any employment, change of control, severance or retention agreement with any employee of the Company (except (1) to the extent necessary to attract a new employee to replace an agreement with a departing employee, (2) for employment agreements terminable on less than thirty (30) days’ notice without penalty or severance obligation or (3) for severance agreements entered into with employees (other than officers) in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice in connection with terminations of employment), or (D) except as permitted pursuant to clause (C) above, establish, adopt, enter into, amend, terminate or waive any rights with respect to any (x) collective bargaining agreement or (y) any plan, trust, fund, policy or arrangement for the benefit of any current or former directors or officers or any of their beneficiaries, except in the case of clause (y) only, for such amendments as may be required to cause such plan, trust, fund, policy or arrangement to comply with Section 409A of the Code so as to avoid the imposition of additional tax with respect thereto);

(iv) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, change in any material respects any financial accounting policies or procedures or any of its methods of reporting income, deductions or other material items for financial accounting purposes, except as required by GAAP, SEC rule or policy or applicable Law;

(v) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, adopt any amendments to its certificate of incorporation or bylaws or similar applicable charter documents;

(vi) except for transactions among the Company and its wholly owned Subsidiaries or among the Company’s wholly owned Subsidiaries, shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to:

(A) issue, sell, pledge, dispose of or encumber, or authorize the issuance, sale, pledge, disposition or encumbrance of, any shares of its capital stock or other ownership interest in the Company or any Subsidiaries or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for any such shares or ownership interest, or any rights, warrants or options to acquire or with respect to any such shares of capital stock, ownership interest or convertible or exchangeable securities, other than (1) issuances of a maximum of 10,360,201 shares of Company Common Stock in respect of any exercise of Company Stock Options and settlement of any Company Stock-Based Awards in each case outstanding on the date of this Agreement and as set forth on Section 5.1(b)(vi) of the Company Disclosure Schedule, (2) issuances of a maximum of 215,000 shares of Company

 

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Common Stock, to new hires in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, provided that such issuances will not be on terms that would require such transactions to be set forth in Section 3.8(d) of the Company Disclosure Schedule and (3) issuances of a maximum of 260,000 shares of Company Common Stock, on or before May 16, 2008, under the 2001 Employee Stock Purchase Plan;

(B) take any action to cause to be exercisable any otherwise unexercisable Company Stock Options, or take any action to cause to become vested any otherwise unvested Restricted Stock or PARSUs (except to the extent such exercisability or vesting occurs automatically by the terms of the agreements relating to the Company Stock Options, Restricted Stock or PARSUs upon the consummation of the Merger, or as otherwise expressly provided by the terms of this Agreement); or

(C) amend any agreements relating to Company Stock Options, Restricted Stock or PARSUs, or adjust the number, kind or exercise price of shares subject to outstanding stock options under any existing stock option plan or subject to agreements relating to Restricted Stock or PARSUs (except as otherwise expressly provided by the terms of this Agreement).

(vii) except for transactions among the Company and its wholly owned Subsidiaries or among the Company’s wholly owned Subsidiaries, shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of its capital stock or any rights, warrants or options to acquire any such shares, except for the repurchase or reacquisition of securities in connection with the termination of service of any employee, director or consultant of the Company or any Subsidiary and in connection with net issuances related to Company Stock Options, Restricted Stock or PARSUs;

(viii) shall not acquire (including, without limitation, by merger, consolidation, or acquisition of stock or assets or any other business combination) any corporation, partnership, other business organization or any division thereof or acquire any material amount of assets (other than (A) any License of Intellectual Property to the Company and the Subsidiaries that is not material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as currently conducted and (B) acquisitions of inventory and supplies that are in the ordinary course of business);

(ix) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, incur, assume, guarantee, prepay or otherwise become liable for, modify in any material respect the terms of, any indebtedness for borrowed money or become responsible for the obligations of any person (directly, contingently or otherwise), other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and except for (A) any intercompany indebtedness for borrowed money among the Company and its wholly owned Subsidiaries or among the Company’s wholly owned Subsidiaries, (B) indebtedness for borrowed money incurred to replace, renew, extend, refinance or refund any existing indebtedness for

 

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borrowed money set forth on Section 5.1(b)(ix) of the Company Disclosure Schedule without increasing the amount of such permitted borrowings or incurring breakage costs, (C) guarantees by the Company of indebtedness or borrowed money of the Company, which indebtedness for borrowed money is incurred in compliance with this Section 5.1(b)(ix), and (D) indebtedness for borrowed money incurred pursuant to the terms of agreements in effect prior to the execution of this Agreement, including amounts available but not borrowed as of the date of this Agreement, to the extent such agreements are set forth on Section 3.24 of the Company Disclosure Schedule;

(x) except for transactions among the Company and its wholly owned Subsidiaries or among the Company’s wholly owned Subsidiaries, shall not, and shall cause its Subsidiaries not to, sell, lease, license, transfer, exchange or swap, mortgage or otherwise encumber (including securitizations), or subject to any Lien (other than Permitted Liens) or otherwise dispose of (whether by merger, consolidation or acquisition of stock or assets, license or otherwise), any material portion of its or its Subsidiaries’ properties or assets, including the capital stock of Subsidiaries, other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and other than (A) pursuant to existing agreements in effect prior to the execution of this Agreement or (B) as may be required by applicable Law or any Governmental Entity in order to permit or facilitate the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;

(xi) shall not permit any material Company Registered Intellectual Property to lapse or to be abandoned, dedicated, or disclaimed, fail to perform or make any applicable filings, recordings or other similar actions or filings, or fail to pay all required fees and taxes required or advisable to maintain and protect its interest in each and every material Company Registered Intellectual Property;

(xii) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to modify, amend, terminate or waive any rights under any Company Material Contract, or any Contract that would be a Company Material Contract if in effect on the date of this Agreement, in any material respect in a manner which is adverse to the Company;

(xiii) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, enter into any Company Material Contracts other than in the ordinary course of business; and

(xiv) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, enter into, amend, waive or terminate (other than terminations in accordance with their terms) any Affiliate Transaction, other than continuing any Affiliate Transactions in existence on the date of this Agreement;

(xv) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, make any material amendment in any Tax Return with respect to any material Tax, make or change any material Tax election, settle or compromise any material Tax liability of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, agree to an extension of the statute of limitations with respect to the assessment or determination of material Taxes of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, enter into any closing agreement with respect to any material Tax or surrender any right to claim a material Tax refund;

 

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(xvi) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, adopt or enter into a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization of the Company, or any of its Subsidiaries (other than the Merger);

(xvii) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, write up, write down or write off the book value of any assets that are, individually or in the aggregate, material to the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, other than (A) in the ordinary course of business or (B) as may be required by GAAP or applicable Law;

(xviii) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, pay, discharge, waive, settle or satisfy any claim, liability or obligation (absolute, accrued, asserted or unasserted, contingent or otherwise), other than (A) in the ordinary course of business or (B) any claim, liability or obligation not in excess of $50,000 individually, excluding any amounts which may be paid under the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ insurance policies;

(xix) shall not commence or settle, pay or discharge, any material litigation, investigation, arbitration, or other proceeding or other claim except in the ordinary course not in excess of $150,000 individually;

(xx) shall not authorize any capital expenditure in any manner not reflected in the capital budget of the Company attached as Section 5.1(b)(xx) of the Company Disclosure Schedule in excess of $50,000 in any instance; or

(xxi) shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries to, agree, in writing or otherwise, or announce an intention, to take any of the foregoing actions.

(c) Parent agrees with the Company, on behalf of itself and its Subsidiaries and affiliates, that, between the date of this Agreement and the Effective Time, Parent shall not, and shall not permit any of its Subsidiaries or affiliates to, take or agree to take any action (including entering into agreements with respect to any acquisitions, mergers, consolidations or business combinations) which would reasonably be expected to result in, individually or in the aggregate, a Parent Material Adverse Effect.

(d) Nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to give Parent, directly or indirectly, the right to control or direct the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ operations prior to the Effective Time, and nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to give the Company, directly or indirectly, the right to control or direct Parent’s or its Subsidiaries’ operations. Prior to the Effective Time, each of Parent and the Company shall exercise, consistent with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, complete control and supervision over its and its Subsidiaries’ respective operations.

 

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SECTION 5.2 Access.

(a) The Company shall afford to Parent and to its officers, employees, accountants, consultants, legal counsel, financial advisors, prospective financing sources and agents and other representatives (collectively, “Representatives”) reasonable access during normal business hours, throughout the period prior to the earlier of the Effective Time and the Termination Date, to its and its Subsidiaries’ officers, employees, properties, contracts, commitments, books and records and any report, schedule or other document filed or received by it pursuant to the requirements of applicable Laws and shall furnish Parent with financial, operating and other data and information as Parent, through its officers, employees or other authorized Representatives, may from time to time reasonably request in writing. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be required to afford such access if it would unreasonably disrupt the operations of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, would cause a violation of any agreement to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party, would cause a reasonable risk of a loss of privilege to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or would constitute a violation of any applicable Law, nor shall Parent or any of its Representatives be permitted to perform any onsite procedure (including any onsite environmental study) with respect to any property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, except, with respect to any on site procedure, with the Company’s prior written consent. No investigation pursuant to this Section 5.2 shall affect any representation or warranty in this Agreement of any party hereto or any condition to the obligations of the parties hereto.

(b) Parent hereby agrees that all information provided to it or its Representatives in connection with this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be kept confidential in accordance with the Confidentiality Agreement, dated as of November 17, 2007 between the Company and Parent (the “Confidentiality Agreement”) which Confidentiality Agreement shall continue to apply.

SECTION 5.3 No Shop; Alternative and Superior Proposals.

(a) Subject to Section 5.3(c), from the date of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier of the receipt of the Company Stockholder Approval and the Termination Date, none of the Company, the Company’s Subsidiaries nor any of their respective Representatives shall, directly or indirectly (A) initiate, solicit or encourage (including by way of providing information) the submission of any inquiries, proposals or offers or make any other efforts or attempts that constitute or would reasonably be expected to lead to, any Alternative Proposal or engage in any substantive discussions or negotiations with respect thereto or otherwise cooperate with or assist or participate in, or facilitate any such inquiries, proposals, discussions or negotiations, or (B) approve or recommend, or publicly propose to approve or recommend, an Alternative Proposal or enter into any merger agreement, letter of intent, agreement in principle, share purchase agreement, asset purchase agreement or share exchange agreement, option agreement or other similar agreement providing for an Alternative Proposal or enter into any agreement requiring the Company to abandon, terminate or fail to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby or breach its obligations hereunder.

(b) Subject to Section 5.3(c), the Company shall, and shall direct its Subsidiaries’ directors, officers, employees and Representatives to, immediately cease and cause to be terminated any discussions or negotiations with any parties that may have been conducted heretofore with respect to an Alternative Proposal. The Company shall seek to enforce the

 

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confidentiality provisions contained in any confidentiality agreement previously executed by the Company, including promptly requesting, subject to the provisions of Section 5.3(c), each person that has heretofore executed a confidentiality agreement in connection with its consideration of making any Alternative Proposal, if any, to return all confidential information heretofore furnished to such person by or on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary and, if requested by Parent, to promptly enforce such person’s obligation to do so.

(c) At any time from the date of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier of the receipt of the Company Stockholder Approval and the Termination Date, if the Company receives an unsolicited bona fide written Alternative Proposal (A) which (i) constitutes a Superior Proposal or (ii) which the Board of Directors determines in good faith is reasonably likely to lead to a Superior Proposal and (B) the Board of Directors determines in good faith, after consultation with the Company’s legal counsel, that the failure of the Board of Directors to take the actions set forth in clauses (x) and (y) below with respect to such Alternative Proposal would be inconsistent with the directors’ exercise of their fiduciary obligations to the Company’s stockholders under applicable Law, then the Company may take the following actions: (x) furnish non-public information to the third party making such Alternative Proposal (if, and only if, prior to so furnishing such information, the Company receives from the third party an executed confidentiality agreement with confidentiality provisions in form no more favorable to such person than those confidentiality provisions contained in the Confidentiality Agreement) and (y) engage in discussions or negotiations with such third party with respect to such Alternative Proposal.

(d) Other than in accordance with Section 5.3, the Board of Directors shall not (i) withdraw or modify, or propose publicly to withdraw or modify in a manner adverse to Parent, the approval or recommendation by the Board of Directors of the Merger or this Agreement or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (ii) approve, adopt or recommend, or propose publicly to approve, adopt or recommend, any Alternative Proposal; (iii) make any recommendation in connection with a tender offer or exchange offer other than a recommendation against such offer or (iv) exempt any person from the restrictions contained in any state takeover or similar laws, (each of the foregoing, a “Change of Recommendation”); provided, however, that, in response to the receipt of a Superior Proposal that has not been withdrawn or abandoned, the Board of Directors may, at any time, make a Change of Recommendation if the Board of Directors has concluded in good faith, after consultation with the Company’s legal and financial advisors, that the failure of the Board of Directors to effect a Change of Recommendation would be inconsistent with the directors’ exercise of their fiduciary obligations to the Company’s stockholders under applicable Law. No Change of Recommendation shall change the approval of the Board of Directors for purposes of causing any state takeover statute or other state law to be inapplicable to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(e) Nothing in this Agreement shall prohibit or restrict the Board of Directors from making a Change of Recommendation to the extent that the Board of Directors determines in good faith, after consultation with the Company’s legal counsel, that the failure of the Board of Directors to effect a Change of Recommendation would be inconsistent with the directors’ exercise of their fiduciary obligations to the Company’s stockholders under applicable Law.

 

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(f) Nothing contained in this Agreement shall prohibit the Company or its Board of Directors from disclosing to its stockholders a position contemplated by Rules 14d-9 and 14e-2(a) promulgated under the Exchange Act.

(g) As used in this Agreement, “Alternative Proposal” shall mean any bona fide proposal or offer made by any person or group of persons (other than a proposal or offer by Parent or any of its Subsidiaries) for (i) a merger, reorganization, share exchange, consolidation, business combination, recapitalization, dissolution, liquidation or similar transaction involving the Company or any Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Company whose business constitutes 25% or more of the net revenues, net income or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (ii) the direct or indirect acquisition in a single transaction or series of related transactions by any person of the assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries that constitutes 25% or more of the net revenues, net income or assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, (iii) the direct or indirect acquisition in a single transaction or series of related transactions by any person of 25% or more of the outstanding shares of Company Common Stock, or (iv) any tender offer or exchange offer that if consummated would result in any person beneficially owning 25% or more of the Shares then outstanding.

As used in this Agreement “Superior Proposal” shall mean an Alternative Proposal on terms that the Board of Directors determines in good faith, and after consultation with the Company’s financial advisors and legal counsel, and considering such factors as the Board of Directors, as applicable, consider to be appropriate, is more favorable to the Company and its stockholders than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided, however, that for purposes of this definition, the references to “25%” in the definition of Alternative Proposal shall be deemed to be references to 50%.

SECTION 5.4 Filings; Other Actions.

(a) The Company, Parent and Merger Sub shall each use all reasonable efforts to take or cause to be taken such actions as may be required to be taken under the Exchange Act any other federal securities Laws, and under any applicable state securities or “blue sky” Laws in connection with the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Proxy Statement. In connection with the Merger and the Company Meeting, the Company shall prepare and file with the SEC the Proxy Statement relating to the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and the Company and Parent shall use all reasonable efforts to respond to the comments of the SEC and to cause the Proxy Statement to be mailed to the Company’s stockholders, all as promptly as reasonably practicable; provided, however, that prior to the filing of the Proxy Statement, the Company shall consult with Parent with respect to such filings and shall afford Parent or its Representatives reasonable opportunity to comment thereon. Parent and Merger Sub shall provide the Company with any information for inclusion in the Proxy Statement which may be required under applicable Law and/or which is reasonably requested by the Company. The Company shall notify Parent of the receipt of comments of the SEC and of any request from the SEC for amendments or supplements to the Proxy Statement or for additional information, and will promptly supply Parent with copies of all correspondence between the Company or its Representatives, on the one hand, and the SEC or

 

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members of its staff, on the other hand, with respect to the Proxy Statement or the Merger. Each of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub shall use its respective reasonable best efforts to resolve all SEC comments with respect to the Proxy Statement and any other required filings as promptly as practicable after receipt thereof. Each of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub agree to correct any information provided by it for use in the Proxy Statement which shall have become false or misleading. If at any time prior to the Company Meeting any event should occur which is required by applicable Law to be set forth in an amendment of, or a supplement to, the Proxy Statement, the Company will promptly inform Parent. In such case, the Company, with the cooperation of Parent, will, upon learning of such event, promptly prepare and file such amendment or supplement with the SEC to the extent required by applicable Law and shall mail such amendment or supplement to the Company’s stockholders to the extent required by applicable Law; provided, however, that prior to such filing, the Company shall consult with Parent with respect to such amendment or supplement and shall afford Parent or its Representatives reasonable opportunity to comment thereon. Notwithstanding the forgoing, the Company shall have no obligation to notify Parent of any matters to the extent that the Board of Directors determines in good faith, after consultation with the Company’s legal counsel, that to do so would be inconsistent with the directors’ exercise of their fiduciary obligations to the Company’s stockholders under applicable Law.

(b) Prior to the earlier of the Effective Time or the Termination Date, the Company and Parent shall cooperate with each other in order to lift any injunctions or remove any other legal impediment to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

(c) Subject to the other provisions of this Agreement, the Company shall (i) take all action necessary in accordance with the DGCL and its amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws to duly call, give notice of, convene and hold a meeting of its stockholders as promptly as reasonably practicable following the mailing of the Proxy Statement for the purpose of obtaining the Company Stockholder Approval (the “Company Meeting”) (including mailing the Proxy Statement as soon as reasonably practicable after the SEC has cleared the Proxy Statement and holding the Company Meeting as soon as practicable after mailing the Proxy Statement), (ii) include in the Proxy Statement the recommendation of the Board of Directors, that the stockholders of the Company vote in favor of the adoption of this Agreement and, subject to the approval of the Advisor, as applicable, the written opinions of the Advisor, dated as of the date of this Agreement, that, as of such date, the Merger Consideration is fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of the Company Common Stock and (iii) use all reasonable efforts to solicit from its stockholders proxies in favor of the approval of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

 

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SECTION 5.5 Stock Options and other Stock-Based Awards; Employee Matters.

(a) Stock Options and other Stock-Based Awards. Except as otherwise agreed to in writing between the Company, Parent and Merger Sub:

(i) Each option to purchase shares of Company Common Stock (each, a “Company Stock Option”) granted under the Company Stock Plans or otherwise, whether vested or unvested, that is outstanding and unexercised immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, as of the Effective Time, be cancelled without any action on the part of the holder thereof. Each holder of a Company Stock Option that is outstanding and unexercised at the Effective Time, whether or not vested or exercisable, and that has an exercise price per share that is less than the Merger Consideration shall be entitled to receive at the Effective Time an amount in cash in U.S. dollars equal to the product of (x) the total number of shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Stock Option and (y) the excess, if any, of the amount of the Merger Consideration over the exercise price per share of Company Common Stock subject to such Company Stock Option, with the aggregate amount of such payment rounded down to the nearest cent, less such amounts as are required to be withheld or deducted under the Code or any provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law with respect to the making of such payment.

(ii) At the Effective Time, each award of restricted stock (“Restricted Stock”) and performance accelerated restricted stock units (PARSUs) that are then vested shall, as of the Effective Time, be cancelled without any action on the part of the holder thereof. Each holder of Restricted Stock or PARSUs that are vested and outstanding at the Effective Time shall be entitled to receive at the Effective Time an amount in cash in U.S. dollars equal to the product of (x) the total number of vested shares of Company Common Stock subject to such Restricted Stock or PARSUs and (y) the Merger Consideration, with the aggregate amount of such payment rounded down to the nearest cent, less such amounts as are required to be withheld or deducted under the Code or any provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law with respect to the making of such payment. The Restricted Stock and PARSUs that are outstanding but not vested at the Effective Time will not be cancelled or converted into the right to receive the Merger Consideration and shall continue in effect after the Effective Time on substantially similar terms, provided that such Restricted Stock and PARSUs would not give rise to any right to receive Company Common Stock or Parent Common Stock after the Effective Time, but that such right would be substituted with the right to an amount of cash equal to the Merger Consideration for each share of Company Common Stock that is the subject of each such Restricted Stock or PARSU.

(iii) Prior to the Effective Time, the Board of Directors or the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, as applicable, shall adopt any necessary amendments to, or take any necessary actions pursuant to, the Company Stock Plans and the applicable Company Benefit Plans with respect to Company Stock Options and Company Stock-Based Awards to implement the foregoing provisions of Sections 5.5(a)(i) and 5.5(a)(ii).

(b) Employee Matters.

(i) From and after the Effective Time, Parent shall honor all Company Benefit Plans and compensation arrangements and employment agreements in accordance with their terms as in effect immediately before the Effective Time including payment of amounts due at the Effective Time and thereafter. In the event Parent desires to retain any current employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries (“Company Employees”) following the Effective Time, then for a period of one year following the

 

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Effective Time Parent shall provide or cause to be provided, to each current employee of the Company and its Subsidiaries total compensation and benefits that are substantially comparable in the aggregate to the total compensation and benefits provided to Company Employees immediately before the Effective Time (giving consideration to equity-based compensation, equity-based benefits and nonqualified deferred compensation programs; provided, however, that Parent shall not be required to provide equity-based compensation, equity-based benefits and nonqualified deferred compensation programs); provided, however, that nothing herein shall prevent the amendment or termination of any Company Benefit Plan or interfere with Parent’s or any of its Subsidiaries’ right or obligation to make such changes as are necessary to conform with applicable Law or shall cause or require the extension, renewal or amendment of, or prevent the expiration of, any employment agreement which shall expire, terminate or fail to renew pursuant to its terms during such period. Nothing in this Section 5.5(b)(i) shall limit the right of the Surviving Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries to terminate the employment of any current employees at any time in accordance with their respective employment arrangements or agreements.

(ii) Without limiting the generality of the preceding paragraph, following the Effective Time, Parent intends to negotiate a set of performance based incentives for certain Company Employees retained by Parent, based on the achievement of business objectives for the conduct of the Company’s business after the Effective Time.

(iii) The Company will use reasonable efforts to amend any employment, severance or other similar agreements with its employees, directors and consultants to comply with Code section 409A in a manner reasonably satisfactory to Parent.

(iv) For all purposes (including purposes of vesting, eligibility to participate and level of benefits) under the employee benefit plans providing benefits to any Company Employees after the Effective Time (the “New Plans”), each Company Employee shall be credited with his or her years of service with the Company and its Subsidiaries and their respective predecessors before the Effective Time, to the same extent as such Company Employee was entitled, before the Effective Time, to credit for such service under any similar Company employee benefit plan in which such Company Employee participated or was eligible to participate immediately prior to the Effective Time (such plans, collectively, the “Old Plans”), provided that the foregoing shall not apply with respect to benefit accrual under any defined benefit pension plan or to the extent that its application would result in a duplication of benefits with respect to the same period of service. In addition, and without limiting the generality of the foregoing, (A) each Company Employee shall be immediately eligible to participate, without any waiting time, in any and all New Plans to the extent coverage under such New Plan is comparable to an Old Plan, and (B) for purposes of each New Plan providing medical, dental, pharmaceutical and/or vision benefits to any Company Employee, Parent shall cause all pre-existing condition exclusions and actively-at-work requirements of such New Plan to be waived for such employee and his or her covered dependents, unless such conditions would not have been waived under the comparable Old Plans and Parent shall cause any eligible expenses incurred by such employee and his or her covered

 

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dependents during the portion of the plan year of the Old Plan ending on the date such employee’s participation in the corresponding New Plan begins to be taken into account under such New Plan for purposes of satisfying all deductible, coinsurance and maximum out-of-pocket requirements applicable to such employee and his or her covered dependents for the applicable plan year as if such amounts had been paid in accordance with such New Plan.

(v) The provisions of this Section 5.5(b) are for the sole benefit of the parties of this Agreement and nothing herein, expressed or implied, is intended or shall be construed to confer upon or give to any person (including for the avoidance of doubt any Company Employees), other than the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns, any legal or equitable or other rights or remedies (with respect to the matters provided for in this Section 5.5(b) under or by reason of any provision of this Agreement.

SECTION 5.6 Reasonable Best Efforts.

(a) Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, each of the parties hereto shall use (and cause its affiliates to use) its reasonable best efforts (subject to, and in accordance with, applicable Law) to take promptly, or cause to be taken promptly, all actions, and to do promptly, or cause to be done promptly, and to assist and cooperate with the other parties in doing, all things necessary, proper or advisable under applicable Laws to consummate and make effective the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including (i) obtaining all necessary actions or nonactions, waivers, consents and approvals, including the Company Approvals and the Parent Approvals, from Governmental Entities and making all necessary registrations and filings and taking all steps as may be necessary to obtain an approval or waiver from, or to avoid an action or proceeding by, any Governmental Entity, (ii) obtaining all necessary consents, approvals or waivers from third parties and all consents, approvals and waivers from third parties reasonably requested by Parent to be obtained in respect of the Company Material Contracts in connection with the Merger, this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (iii) defending any lawsuits or other legal proceedings, whether judicial or administrative, challenging this Agreement or the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement and (iv) executing and delivering any additional instruments necessary to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement; provided, however, that prior to the Effective Time in no event shall the Company or any of its Subsidiaries be required to pay or, absent the prior written consent of Parent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), pay or commit to pay any material fee, material penalties or other material consideration to any landlord or other third party to obtain any consent, approval or waiver required for the consummation of the Merger under any real estate leases or Company Material Contracts.

(b) Subject to the terms and conditions herein provided and without limiting the foregoing, the Company and Parent shall (i) promptly, but in no event later than fifteen (15) business days after the date of this Agreement, make their respective filings and thereafter make any other required submissions under the HSR Act; (ii) use reasonable best efforts to

 

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cooperate with each other in (x) determining whether any filings are required to be made with, or consents, permits, authorizations, waivers or approvals are required to be obtained from, any third parties or other Governmental Entities in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and (y) timely making all such filings and timely seeking all such consents, permits, authorizations or approvals; (iii) promptly inform the other party upon receipt of any material communication from the United States Federal Trade Commission, the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice or any other Governmental Entity regarding any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; and (iv) subject to applicable legal limitations and the instructions of any Governmental Entity, keep each other apprised of the status of matters relating to the completion of the transactions contemplated thereby, including promptly furnishing the other with copies of notices or other communications received by the Company or Parent, as the case may be, or any of their respective Subsidiaries, from any third party and/or any Governmental Entity with respect to such transactions. The Company and Parent shall permit legal counsel for the other party reasonable opportunity to review in advance, and consider in good faith the views of the other party in connection with, any proposed written communication to any Governmental Entity. Each of the Company and Parent agrees not to (A) participate in any substantive meeting or discussion, either in person or by telephone, with any Governmental Entity in connection with the proposed transactions unless it consults with the other party in advance and, to the extent not prohibited by such Governmental Entity, gives the other party the opportunity to attend and participate, (B) extend any waiting period under the HSR Act without the prior written consent of the other party (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) and (C) enter into any agreement with any Governmental Entity not to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement without the prior written consent of the other party (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed).

(c) In furtherance and not in limitation of the agreements of the parties contained in this Section 5.6, if any administrative or judicial action or proceeding, including any proceeding by a private party, is instituted (or threatened to be instituted) challenging any transaction contemplated by this Agreement as violative of any Regulatory Law, each of the Company and Parent shall cooperate in all respects with each other and shall use their respective reasonable best efforts to contest and resist any such action or proceeding and to have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned any decree, judgment, injunction or other order, whether temporary, preliminary or permanent, that is in effect and that prohibits, prevents or restricts consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Agreement, nothing in this Section 5.6 shall limit a party’s right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 7.1(b) or 7.1(c) so long as such party has, prior to such termination, complied with its obligations under this Section 5.6.

(d) For purposes of this Agreement, “Regulatory Law” means the Sherman Act of 1890, the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, the HSR Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 and all other federal, state or foreign statutes, rules, regulations, orders, decrees, administrative and judicial doctrines and other Laws, including any antitrust, competition or trade regulation Laws, that are designed or intended to (i) prohibit, restrict or regulate actions having the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade or lessening competition through merger or acquisition, or (ii) protect the national security or the national economy of any nation.

 

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SECTION 5.7 Takeover Statute. If any “fair price,” “moratorium,” “control share acquisition” or other form of anti-takeover statute or regulation shall become applicable to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, each of the Company and Parent and the members of their respective Boards of Directors shall grant such approvals and take such actions as are reasonably necessary so that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement may be consummated as promptly as practicable on the terms contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise act to eliminate or minimize the effects of such statute or regulation on the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

SECTION 5.8 Public Announcements. So long as this Agreement is in effect, the Company and Parent will consult with and provide each other the reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon any press release or other public statement or comment prior to the issuance of such press release or other public statement or comment relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and shall not issue any such press release or other public statement or comment prior to such consultation except as may be required by applicable Law or by obligations pursuant to any listing agreement with any national securities exchange.

SECTION 5.9 Director and Officer Liability.

(a) Parent and the Surviving Corporation agree that all rights to exculpation and indemnification (including obligations to advance funds for expenses) existing in favor of any present or former director, officer or employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as provided in the certificate of incorporation or by-laws of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or by Law or in any agreement between the Company or its Subsidiaries and any director, officer or employee as in effect on the date hereof and disclosed in Section 5.9(a) of the Company Disclosure Schedule (the “Indemnification Agreements”) shall survive the Merger and continue in full force and effect after the Effective Time and the Surviving Corporation shall indemnify each such person to the fullest extent provided for by the certificate of incorporation, by-laws and the Indemnification Agreements, subject to applicable Law. Parent shall not, and shall cause the Surviving Corporation not to, take any action to alter or impair, any exculpatory or indemnification provisions existing in the certificate of incorporation or bylaws of the Surviving Corporation or in the Indemnification Agreements. Any determination required to be made with respect to whether the conduct of an individual seeking indemnification has complied with the standards set forth under applicable Law shall be made by independent counsel mutually acceptable to the Surviving Corporation and such individual. For a period of six years after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall cause to be maintained in effect the current policies of officers’ and directors’ liability insurance maintained on the date hereof by the Company and its respective Subsidiaries (the “Current Policies”); provided, however, that the Surviving Corporation may, and in the event of the cancellation or termination of such policies shall, substitute therefor policies with reputable and financially sound carriers providing at least the same coverage and amount and containing terms and conditions that are no less favorable to the covered persons in respect of claims arising from facts or events that existed or occurred

 

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prior to or at the Effective Time under the Current Policies; provided, further, however, that in no event will the Surviving Corporation be required to expend annually in excess of 250% of the annual premium currently paid by the Company under the Current Policies, and if the annual premium exceeds such amount, the Surviving Corporation shall provide the maximum amount of coverage that can be obtained for such amount; provided, further, however, that in lieu of the foregoing insurance coverage, Parent may direct the Company to purchase “tail” insurance coverage that provides coverage no less favorable than the coverage described above, provided that the Company shall not be required to pay any amounts in respect of such coverage prior to the Closing.

(b) This Section 5.9 shall survive the consummation of the Merger and is intended to be for the benefit of, and shall be enforceable by, present or former directors, officers or employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries, their respective heirs and personal representatives and shall be binding on the Surviving Corporation and its successors and assigns, and the agreements and covenants contained herein shall not be deemed to be exclusive of any other rights to which any such present or former director or officer is entitled, whether pursuant to Law, contract or otherwise. Nothing in this Agreement is intended to, shall be construed to or shall release, waive or impair any rights to directors’ and officers’ insurance claims under any policy that is or has been in existence with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or their respective officers, directors and employees, it being understood and agreed that the indemnification provided for in this Section 5.9 is not prior to or in substitution for any such claims under any such policies.

(c) If the Surviving Corporation or any of its successors or assigns (i) consolidates with or merges into any other Person and shall not be the continuing or surviving corporation or entity or (ii) transfers or conveys substantially all of its properties and assets to any person, then and in each case to the extent reasonably necessary, proper provision shall be made so that the successors and assigns of the Surviving Corporation shall assume the obligations set forth in this Section 5.9

SECTION 5.10 Notice of Certain Events. Each of the parties hereto shall use reasonable best efforts to promptly notify the other party of:

(a) the occurrence or nonoccurrence of any event the occurrence or nonoccurrence of which would reasonably be expected to cause any representation or warranty of such party contained in this Agreement to be untrue or inaccurate in any material respect;

(b) any failure of the Company, Parent or Merger Sub, as the case may be, to comply with or satisfy, or the occurrence or nonoccurrence of any event, the occurrence or nonoccurrence of which would reasonably be expected to cause the failure by such party to comply with or satisfy, any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it hereunder;

(c) the receipt by such party of any notice or other communication from any person alleging that the consent of such person, which consent is or could reasonably be expected to be material to the Company and its Subsidiaries or the operation of their businesses, is or may be required in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement;

 

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(d) the receipt by such party of any notice or other communication from any Governmental Entity in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; or

(e) the receipt of any Alternative Proposal, or its learning of any actions, suits, claims, investigations or proceedings commenced against, or affecting such party that, if they were pending on the date of this Agreement, would have been required to be disclosed pursuant to this Agreement or which relate to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

ARTICLE VI

CONDITIONS TO THE MERGER

SECTION 6.1 Conditions to Each Party’s Obligation to Effect the Merger. The respective obligations of each party to effect the Merger shall be subject to the fulfillment (or waiver by all parties) at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions:

(a) The Company Stockholder Approval shall have been obtained.

(b) No Law, judgment, injunction, order or decree by any court or other tribunal of competent jurisdiction which prohibits the consummation of the Merger shall have been entered and shall continue to be in effect.

(c) (i) Any applicable waiting period (and any extension thereof) under the HSR Act shall have expired or been earlier terminated, and (ii) any other Company Approvals required to be obtained for the consummation, as of the Effective Time, of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, other than any Company Approvals the failure to obtain which would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect, shall have been obtained.

SECTION 6.2. Conditions to Obligation of the Company to Effect the Merger. The obligation of the Company to effect the Merger is further subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the following conditions:

(a) (i) The representations and warranties of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement which are qualified by a “Parent Material Adverse Effect” qualification shall be true and correct in all respects as so qualified at and as of the date of this Agreement and at and as of the Closing Date as though made at and as of the Closing Date and (ii) the representations and warranties of Parent and Merger Sub set forth in this Agreement which are not qualified by a “Parent Material Adverse Effect” qualification shall be true and correct at and as of the date of this Agreement and at and as of the Closing Date as though made at and as of the Closing Date, except for such failures to be true and correct as would not have, in the aggregate, a Parent Material Adverse Effect; provided, however, that, with respect to clauses (i) and (ii) above, representations and warranties that are made as of a particular date or period shall be true and correct (in the manner set forth in clauses (i) or (ii), as applicable) only as of such date or period.

 

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(b) Parent shall have in all material respects performed all obligations and complied with all the agreements required by this Agreement to be performed or complied with by it prior to the Effective Time.

(c) Parent shall have delivered to the Company a certificate, dated the Effective Time and signed by its Chief Executive Officer or another senior officer, certifying to the effect that the conditions set forth in Sections 6.2(a) and 6.2(b) have been satisfied.

(d) Consistent with Section 2.2(a), Parent shall have caused to be deposited with the Paying Agent cash in the aggregate amount of the Exchange Fund.

SECTION 6.3. Conditions to Obligation of Parent to Effect the Merger. The obligation of Parent to effect the Merger is further subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the following conditions:

(a) (i) The representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement which are qualified by a “Company Material Adverse Effect” qualification shall be true and correct in all respects as so qualified at and as of the date of this Agreement and at and as of the Closing Date as though made at and as of the Closing Date and (ii) the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement which are not qualified by a “Company Material Adverse Effect” qualification shall be true and correct at and as of the date of this Agreement and at and as of the Closing Date as though made at and as of the Closing Date, except for such failures to be true and correct as would not have, in the aggregate, a Company Material Adverse Effect; provided, however, that, with respect to clauses (i) and (ii) above, representations and warranties that are made as of a particular date or period shall be true and correct (in the manner set forth in clauses (i) or (ii), as applicable) only as of such date or period.

(b) The Company shall have in all material respects performed all obligations and complied with all the agreements required by this Agreement to be performed or complied with by it prior to the Effective Time.

(c) The Company shall have delivered to Parent a certificate, dated the Effective Time and signed by its Chief Executive Officer or another senior officer, certifying to the effect that the conditions set forth in Sections 6.3(a) and 6.3(b) have been satisfied.

(d) The Company shall deliver to Parent and Merger Sub a FIRPTA affidavit of its belief that the Company is not and has not been a United States real property holding corporation, dated as of the Closing Date and in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Parent.

SECTION 6.4 Frustration of Closing Conditions. Neither the Company nor Parent may rely, either as a basis for not consummating the Merger or for terminating this Agreement and abandoning the Merger, on the failure of any condition set forth in Section 6.1, Section 6.2 or Section 6.3, as the case may be, to be satisfied if such failure was caused by such party’s breach of any provision of this Agreement or failure to use its reasonable best efforts to consummate the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, as required by and subject to Section 5.6.

 

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ARTICLE VII

TERMINATION

SECTION 7.1 Termination or AbandonmentNotwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, this Agreement may be terminated and the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Time, whether before or after any approval of the matters presented in connection with the Merger by the stockholders of the Company:

(a) by the mutual written consent of the Company and Parent;

(b) by either the Company or Parent if (i) the Effective Time shall not have occurred on or before July 10, 2008 (the “End Date”), provided that in the event that any applicable waiting period under the HSR Act or Regulatory Law shall not have expired or been terminated prior to the End Date, then either Parent or the Company may elect to extend the End Date until August 9, 2008 by written notice to the other party prior to July 10, 2008 and (ii) the failure of the Effective Time to have occurred by such date is not the result of, or caused by, the failure of the party seeking to exercise such termination right to perform or observe any of the covenants or agreements of such party set forth in this Agreement;

(c) by either the Company or Parent if an injunction, order, decree or ruling shall have been entered permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the consummation of the Merger and such injunction shall have become final and non-appealable;

(d) by either the Company or Parent if the Company Meeting (including any adjournments thereof) shall have concluded and the Company Stockholder Approval contemplated by this Agreement shall not have been obtained;

(e) by the Company, if Parent shall have breached or failed to perform in any material respect any of its representations, warranties or agreements contained in this Agreement, which breach or failure to perform (i) would result in a failure of a condition set forth in Section 6.1 or 6.2 and (ii) cannot be cured by the End Date, provided, however, that the Company is not then in material breach of this Agreement;

(f) by Parent, if the Company shall have breached or failed to perform in any material respect any of its representations, warranties or agreements contained in this Agreement, which breach or failure to perform (i) would result in a failure of a condition set forth in Section 6.1 or 6.3 and (ii) cannot be cured by the End Date, provided, however, that Parent is not then in material breach of this Agreement;

(g) by the Company, if the Board of Directors has concluded in good faith, after consultation with the Company’s legal counsel and financial advisors, that, in light of a Superior Proposal, it would be inconsistent with the directors’ exercise of their fiduciary obligations to the Company’s stockholders under applicable Law to (x) make or not withdraw the Recommendation or (y) fail to effect a Change of Recommendation in a manner adverse to Parent or (z) fail to pursue a Superior Proposal;

 

46


(h) by Parent, if the Board of Directors or any committee thereof shall have approved or recommended a Change of Recommendation or resolved to do so; and

(i) by the Company, if Parent does not (i) satisfy the condition set forth in Section 6.2(d) within five (5) business days after notice by the Company to Parent that the conditions set forth in Sections 6.1 and 6.3 are satisfied, and (ii) proceed immediately thereafter to give effect to a Closing.

In the event of termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 7.1, this Agreement shall terminate (except for the Confidentiality Agreement referred to in Section 5.2 and the provisions of Sections 7.2 and 8.2 through 8.14), and there shall be no other liability on the part of the Company or Parent to the other except: (A) as provided for in the Confidentiality Agreement; (B) as set forth in Section 7.2, as applicable; and (C) for liability arising out of fraud or an intentional breach of this Agreement, in which case the aggrieved party shall be entitled to all rights and remedies available at law or in equity.

SECTION 7.2 Termination Fees.

(a) Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the contrary:

(i) in the event that (A) prior to the termination of this Agreement, any Alternative Proposal or the bona fide intention of any person to make an Alternative Proposal (a “Qualifying Transaction”) is publicly proposed or publicly disclosed or otherwise made known to the Company prior to, and not withdrawn at the time of, the End Date or the Company Meeting, (B) either (1) this Agreement is terminated by Parent or the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(d) or (2) this Agreement is terminated by Parent pursuant to Section 7.1(f) due to a breach by the Company of any of its covenants or agreements in Section 5.3 or due to an intentional and material breach of any other material covenant, agreement, representation or warranty of the Company in this Agreement, and (C) concurrently with or within nine (9) months after such termination, any definitive agreement providing for a Qualifying Transaction shall have been entered into and in any instance such Qualifying Transaction shall have been consummated, or

(ii) in the event that this Agreement is terminated by the Company pursuant to Section 7.1(g) or 7.1(h),

then the Company shall pay to (or as directed by) Parent a fee of Two Million Four Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($2,450,000) in cash (the “Company Termination Fee”).

The Company Termination Fee shall be paid: (a) in the case of clause (i), on the date such Qualifying Transaction is signed or consummated; and (b) in the case of clause (ii), on the date this Agreement is terminated by the Company, in each case by wire transfer of same day funds as

 

47


directed by Parent reasonably in advance. Upon payment of the Company Termination Fee, the Company shall have no further liability with respect to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to Parent or its stockholders. Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the contrary, in no event shall the Company be required to pay the Company Termination Fee referred to in this Section 7.2 on more than one occasion.

(b) Any payment made pursuant to this Section 7.2 shall be net of any amounts as may be required to be deducted or withheld therefrom under the Code or under any provision of state, local or foreign Tax Law.

(c) Each of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub acknowledge that the agreements contained in this Section 7.2 are an integral part of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and that, without these agreements, neither the Company nor Parent would have entered into this Agreement, and that any amounts payable pursuant to this Section 7.2 do not constitute a penalty.

ARTICLE VIII

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 8.1 No Survival of Representations and Warranties. None of the representations and warranties in this Agreement or in any instrument delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall survive the Merger or the termination of this Agreement.

SECTION 8.2 Expenses. Except as set forth in Section 7.2, whether or not the Merger is consummated, all costs and expenses incurred in connection with the Merger, this Agreement and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be paid by the party incurring or required to incur such expenses, except that expenses incurred in connection with the printing, filing and mailing of the Proxy Statement (including applicable SEC filing fees) and all fees paid in respect of any HSR Act or other regulatory filing shall be borne by Parent.

SECTION 8.3 Counterparts; Effectiveness. This Agreement may be executed in two or more consecutive counterparts (including by facsimile), each of which shall be an original, with the same effect as if the signatures thereto and hereto were upon the same instrument, and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered (by telecopy, e-mail or otherwise) to the other parties.

SECTION 8.4 Governing LawThis Agreement, and the rights of the parties and all Actions arising in whole or in part under or in connection herewith, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Delaware.

SECTION 8.5 Remedies; Jurisdiction; EnforcementThe parties agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached and that the parties

 

48


to this Agreement and the third-party beneficiaries of this Agreement may not have an adequate remedy at law. It is accordingly agreed that the parties to this Agreement and the third-party beneficiaries of this Agreement shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches or threatened breaches of this Agreement and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions of this Agreement without the requirement for posting of any bond or other collateral, and Parent and Merger Sub shall not object to the granting of injunctive relief, specific performance or other equitable relief on the basis that there exists an adequate remedy at law. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, any and all remedies herein expressly conferred upon a party or third-party beneficiary hereunder shall be deemed cumulative with and not exclusive of any other remedy conferred hereby or by law on such party, and the exercise of any one remedy shall not preclude the exercise of any other. In addition, each of the parties hereto irrevocably agrees that any legal action or proceeding with respect to this Agreement and the rights and obligations arising hereunder, or for recognition and enforcement of any judgment in respect of this Agreement and the rights and obligations arising hereunder brought by the other party hereto or its successors or assigns, shall be brought and determined exclusively in the appropriate courts of the State of Delaware. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably submits with regard to any such action or proceeding for itself and in respect of its property, generally and unconditionally, to the personal jurisdiction of the aforesaid courts and agrees that it will not bring any action relating to this Agreement or any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement in any court other than the aforesaid courts. Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert, by way of motion, as a defense, counterclaim or otherwise, in any action or proceeding with respect to this Agreement, (a) any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts for any reason other than the failure to serve in accordance with this Section 8.5, (b) any claim that it or its property is exempt or immune from jurisdiction of any such court or from any legal process commenced in such courts (whether through service of notice, attachment prior to judgment, attachment in aid of execution of judgment, execution of judgment or otherwise) and (c) to the fullest extent permitted by the applicable Law, any claim that (i) the suit, action or proceeding in such court is brought in an inconvenient forum, (ii) the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper or (iii) this Agreement, or the subject matter of this Agreement, may not be enforced in or by such courts. Each of the Company, Parent and Merger Sub hereby consents to service being made through the notice procedures set forth in Section 8.7 and agrees that service of any process, summons, notice or document by registered mail (return receipt requested and first-class postage prepaid) to the respective addresses set forth in Section 8.7 shall be effective service of process for any suit or proceeding in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.

SECTION 8.6 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED BY THIS AGREEMENT.

 

49


SECTION 8.7 NoticesAny notice required to be given hereunder shall be sufficient if in writing, and sent by facsimile transmission, with confirmation (provided that any notice received by facsimile transmission or otherwise at the addressee’s location not on a business day or on any business day after 5:00 p.m. (addressee’s local time) shall be deemed to have been received at 9:00 a.m. (addressee’s local time) on the next business day), by reliable overnight delivery service (with proof of service), hand delivery or certified or registered mail (return receipt requested and first-class postage prepaid), addressed as follows:

To Parent or Merger Sub:

TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.

2300 NE Brookwood Parkway

Hillsboro, Oregon 97124

Facsimile no. 503-615-8904

Attn: Chief Financial Officer

with copies to:

Ater Wynne LLP

Suite 1800

222 S.W. Columbia Street

Portland, Oregon 97201-6618

Facsimile no. 503-226-0079

Attn: Douglas D. Morris

To the Company:

WJ Communications, Inc.

401 River Oaks Parkway

San Jose, California 95134

Facsimile no. 408-516-9847

Attn: Bruce W. Diamond, President and Chief Executive Officer

with copies to:

Shumaker, Loop & Kendrick, LLP

101 East Kennedy Boulevard

Suite 2800

Tampa, Florida 33602

Facsimile no. 813-229-1660

Attn: Darrell C. Smith

or to such other address as any party shall specify by written notice so given, and such notice shall be deemed to have been delivered as of the date so telecommunicated, personally delivered or mailed. Any party to this Agreement may notify any other party of any changes to the address or any of the other details specified in this paragraph; provided, however, that such notification shall only be effective on the date specified in such notice or five (5) business days after the notice is given, whichever is later. Rejection or other refusal to accept or the inability to deliver because of changed address of which no notice was given shall be deemed to be receipt of the notice as of the date of such rejection, refusal or inability to deliver.

 

50


SECTION 8.8 Assignment; Binding Effect. Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations hereunder shall be assigned by any of the parties hereto (whether by operation of law or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the other parties; provided, however, that Merger Sub may designate, by written notice to the Company, a Subsidiary that is wholly owned by Merger Sub to be merged with and into the Company in lieu of Merger Sub, in which event this Agreement will be amended such that all references in this Agreement to Merger Sub will be deemed references to such Subsidiary, and in that case, and pursuant to such amendment, all representations and warranties made in this Agreement with respect to Merger Sub will be deemed representations and warranties made with respect to such Subsidiary as of the date of such designation and Parent and Merger Sub may, without the prior written consent of the other parties, assign any or all of their respective rights and interests hereunder to one or more of its affiliates, designate one or more of its affiliates to perform its obligations hereunder, in each case, so long as Parent is not relieved of any of its obligations hereunder and such assignment would not cause a Parent Material Adverse Effect. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns.

SECTION 8.9 Severability. Any term or provision of this Agreement which is invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to that jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity or unenforceability without rendering invalid or unenforceable the remaining terms and provisions of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction; provided that, if any provision of this Agreement is so broad as to be unenforceable, such provision shall be interpreted to be only so broad as is enforceable and, provided, further that upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in an acceptable manner to the end that the transactions contemplated hereby are fulfilled to the fullest extent possible.

SECTION 8.10 Entire Agreement; Third-Party BeneficiariesThis Agreement (including the exhibits and schedules hereto) and the Confidentiality Agreement constitute the entire agreement of the parties hereto with respect to its subject matter and supersedes all other prior oral or written agreements and understandings between the parties with respect to the subject matter of this Agreement. Except for the provisions of (i) Sections 2.1 (after such time as the Exchange Fund has been returned to the Company from the Paying Agent)and (ii) Section 5.9 (which in each case shall inure to the benefit of the persons benefiting therefrom who are intended to be third-party beneficiaries thereof), this Agreement is not intended to and shall not confer upon any person other than the parties hereto any rights or remedies hereunder.

SECTION 8.11 Amendments; WaiversAt any time prior to the Effective Time, any provision of this Agreement may be amended or waived if, and only if, such amendment or waiver is in writing and signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company, Parent and Merger Sub, or in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom the waiver is to be effective; provided, however, that after receipt of Company Stockholder Approval, if any such amendment

 

51


or waiver shall by applicable Law or in accordance with the rules and regulations of NASDAQ require further approval of the stockholders of the Company, the effectiveness of such amendment or waiver shall be subject to the approval of the stockholders of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no failure or delay by the Company or Parent in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise of any other right hereunder.

SECTION 8.12 Headings. Headings of the Articles and Sections of this Agreement are for convenience of the parties only and shall be given no substantive or interpretive effect whatsoever. The table of contents to this Agreement is for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.

SECTION 8.13 InterpretationWhen a reference is made in this Agreement to an Article or Section, such reference shall be to an Article or Section of this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. Whenever the words “include,” “includes” or “including” are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation.” The words “hereof,” “herein” and “hereunder” and words of similar import when used in this Agreement shall refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement. All terms defined in this Agreement shall have the defined meanings when used in any certificate or other document made or delivered pursuant thereto unless otherwise defined therein. The definitions contained in this Agreement are applicable to the singular as well as the plural forms of such terms and to the masculine as well as to the feminine and neuter genders of such term. Each of the parties has participated in the drafting and negotiation of this Agreement. If an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement must be construed as if it is drafted by all the parties, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement.

SECTION 8.14 Definitions.

(a) References in this Agreement to “Subsidiaries” of any party shall mean any corporation, partnership, association, trust or other form of legal entity of which (i) more than 50% of the outstanding voting securities are on the date of this Agreement directly or indirectly owned by such party, or (ii) such party or any Subsidiary of such party is a general partner (excluding partnerships in which such party or any Subsidiary of such party does not have a majority of the voting interests in such partnership). References in this Agreement (except as specifically otherwise defined) to “affiliates” shall mean, as to any person, any other person which, directly or indirectly, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such person. As used in this definition, “control” (including, with its correlative meanings, “controlled by” and “under common control with”) shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of management or policies of a person, whether through the ownership of securities or partnership or other ownership interests, by contract or otherwise. References in this Agreement (except as specifically otherwise defined) to “person” shall mean an individual, a corporation, a partnership, a limited liability company, an association, a trust or any other entity, group (as such term is used in Section 13 of the Exchange Act) or organization, including, a Governmental Entity, and any permitted successors and assigns of such person. As used in this Agreement, “knowledge” means (i) with respect to

 

52


Parent, the actual knowledge after reasonable investigation of the executive officers of Parent and (ii) with respect to the Company, the actual knowledge of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of the Company and such knowledge that the Chief Executive Officer would obtain after reasonable inquiry of those employees of the Company who report directly to the Chief Executive Officer. As used in this Agreement, “business day” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which the banks in Delaware are authorized by law or executive order to be closed. As used in this Agreement, “GAAP” means United States generally accepted accounting principles. As used in this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means, with respect to any person, all obligations (including all obligations in respect of principal, accrued interest, penalties, fees and premiums) of such person (i) for borrowed money (including overdraft facilities), (ii) evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures or similar instruments, (iii) for the deferred purchase price of property, goods or services (other than trade payables or accruals incurred in the ordinary course of business), (iv) under capital leases (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles), (v) in respect of letters of credit and bankers’ acceptances, (vi) for Contracts relating to interest rate protection, swap agreements and collar agreements and (vii) in the nature of guarantees of the obligations described in clauses (i) through (vi) above of any other person. References in this Agreement to specific laws or to specific provisions of laws shall include all rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Any statute defined or referred to herein or in any agreement or instrument referred to herein shall mean such statute as from time to time amended, modified or supplemented, including by succession of comparable successor statutes.

(b) Each of the following terms is defined in the section set forth opposite such term:

 

Defined Term

  

Section

Advisor

   3.21

Affiliate Transactions

   3.20

affiliates

   8.14(a)

Agreement

   Introduction

Alternative Proposal

   5.3(g)

Board of Directors

   First Recital

Book-Entry Shares

   2.2(a)(i)

business day

   8.14(a)

Cancelled Shares

   2.1(b)

Certificate of Merger

   1.3

Certificates

   2.2(a)(i)

Change of Recommendation

   5.3(d)

Closing

   1.2

Closing Date

   1.2

Code

   2.2(b)(iii)

 

53


Defined Term

  

Section

Company

   Introduction

Company Approvals

   3.3(b)

Company Benefit Plans

   3.8(a)

Company Common Stock

   2.1(a)

Company Disclosure Schedule

   Introductory paragraph to Article III

Company Employees

   5.5(b)(i)

Company IT Assets

   3.14(f)

Company Material Adverse Effect

   3.1

Company Material Contracts

   3.16(a)

Company Meeting

   5.4(c)(i)

Company Permits

   3.6(b)

Company Preferred Stock

   3.2(a)

Company Registered Intellectual Property

   3.14(a)

Company SEC Documents

   3.4(a)

Company Stock Option

   5.5(a)(i)

Company Stock Plans

   3.2(a)(iii)

Company Stock-Based Awards

   3.2(c)(iii)

Company Stockholder Approval

   3.22

Company Termination Fee

   7.2(a)

Confidentiality Agreement

   5.2(b)

Contracts

   3.3(c)(i)

control

   8.14(a)

Current Policies

   5.9(a)

DGCL

   First Recital

Dissenting Shares

   2.1(e)(i)

Effective Time

   1.3

End Date

   7.1(b)(i)

Environmental Law

   3.7(b)

ERISA

   3.8(a)

ERISA Affiliate

   3.8(c)

Exchange Act

   3.3(b)(ii)

 

54


Defined Term

  

Section

Exchange Fund

   2.2(a)

GAAP

   8.14(a)

Governmental Entity

   3.3(b)(vii)

Hazardous Substance

   3.7(c)

HSR Act

   3.3(b)(iii)

Indebtedness

   8.14(a)

Indemnification Agreements

   5.9(a)

Intellectual Property

   3.14(c)

knowledge

   8.14(a)

Law

   3.6(a)

Laws

   3.6(a)

Leased Real Properties

   3.15(b)

Licenses

   3.14(b)

Lien

   3.3(c)(i)

Material Lease

   3.3(d)(ii)

Measurement Date

   3.2(c)

Merger

   First Recital

Merger Consideration

   2.1(a)

Merger Sub

   Introduction

NASDAQ

   3.3(b)(vi)

New Plans

   5.5(b)(iv)

Old Plans

   5.5(b)(iv)

Option and Stock-Based Award Consideration

   2.2(a)(ii)

Other Incentive Awards

   3.2(c)(iii)

Owned Real Properties

   3.15(a)

Parent

   Introduction

Parent Approvals

   4.2(b)

Parent Disclosure Schedule

   Introductory paragraph to Article IV

Parent Material Adverse Effect

   4.1

PARSUs

   5.5(a)(ii)

Paying Agent

   2.2(a)

 

55


Defined Term

  

Section

Permitted Lien

   3.3(c)(i)

person

   8.14(a)

principal executive officer

   3.4(d)

principal financial officer

   3.4(d)

Property Encumbrances

   3.15(a)

Proxy Statement

   3.11

Qualifying Transaction

   7.2(a)(i)(A)

Real Properties

   3.15(b)

Recommendation

   3.3(a)

Regulatory Law

   5.6(d)

Representatives

   5.2(a)

Restricted Stock

   5.5(a)(ii)

SEC

   3.4(a)

Securities Act

   3.3(b)(iv)

Share

   2.1(a)

Software

   3.14(f)

SOX

   3.4(d)

Subsidiaries

   8.14(a)

Superior Proposal

   5.3(g)

Surviving Corporation

   1.1

Tax Return

   3.12(c)(ii)

Taxes

   3.12(c)(i)

Termination Date

   5.1(a)

 

56


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the date first above written.

 

TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.
By:   /s/ Bruce Fournier
Name:   Bruce R. Fournier
Title:   Vice President

 

ML ACQUISITION, INC.
By:   /s/ Bruce Fournier
Name:   Bruce R. Fournier
Title:   Vice President

 

WJ COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
By:   /s/ Bruce Diamond
Name:   Bruce W. Diamond
Title:   President and Chief Executive Officer

[SIGNATURE PAGE TO AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER]

 

57

EX-21.1 5 dex211.htm SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT Subsidiaries of the Registrant

Exhibit 21.1

 

NAME OF SUBSIDIARY

   STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF
INCORPORATION

TriQuint, Inc. (f/k/a Sawtek, Inc.)

   Florida

Sawtek Sweden AB

   Sweden

TFR Technologies, Inc.

   Oregon

TriQuint S.R.L. (f/k/a Sawtek S.R.L)

   Costa Rica

TriQuint Semiconductor GmbH

   Germany

TriQuint Asia, Inc. (f/k/a Sawtek Far East, Inc.)

   Delaware

TriQuint Japan TYK

   Japan

TriQuint (Shanghai) Trading Company, Ltd.

   China

TriQuint Colorado, Inc. (f/k/a Peak Devices, Inc.)

   Colorado

TriQuint Texas General Holding Company

   Delaware

TriQuint Texas Limited Holding Company

   Delaware

TriQuint Semiconductor Texas, LP

   Texas

TriQuint Sales and Design, Inc. (f/k/a TriQuint Optoelectronics, Inc.)

   Delaware

TriQuint Technology Holding Co.

   Delaware

TriQuint International Holding Co.

   Delaware

TriQuint Europe Holding Company

   Delaware
EX-23.1 6 dex231.htm REPORT AND CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Report and Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Exhibit 23.1

Report and Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.:

Under date of March 11, 2008, we reported on the consolidated balance sheets of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007, as contained in the annual report on Form 10-K for the year 2007. In connection with our audits of the aforementioned consolidated financial statements, we also audited the related consolidated financial statement schedule as listed in the accompanying index. This financial statement schedule is the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statement schedules based on our audits.

In our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statement (No. 333-81245, 333-36112, 333-75464, 333-08891, 333-08893, 333-02166, 333-31585, 333-48883, 333-66707, 333-74617, 333-81273, 333-39732, 333-39730, 333-61582, 333-65850, 333-89242, 333-102085, 333-105701, 333-115809, 333-120407, 333-125269, 333-134470, 333-143337) on Form S-8 of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. of our report dated March 11, 2008, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007, and the related financial statement schedule, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, which report appears in the December 31, 2007 annual report on Form 10-K of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.

As discussed in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes and adopted Emerging Issues Task Force Issue (EITF) No. 06-02, Accounting for Sabbatical Leave and Other Similar Benefits Pursuant to FASB Statement No. 43.

As discussed in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123(R), Share-Based Payments.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Portland, OR

March 11, 2008

EX-24.1 7 dex241.htm POWER OF ATTORNEY Power of Attorney

Exhibit 24.1

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Ralph Quinsey and Steven Buhaly, jointly and severally, his attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/ RALPH G. QUINSEY

Ralph G. Quinsey

  

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

  March 11, 2008

/s/ STEVEN J. BUHALY

Steven J. Buhaly

  

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

  March 11, 2008

/s/ STEVEN J. SHARP

Steven J. Sharp

   Chairman of the Board   March 11, 2008

/s/ PAUL A. GARY

Paul A. Gary

   Director   March 11, 2008

/s/ CHARLES SCOTT GIBSON

Charles Scott Gibson

   Director   March 11, 2008

/s/ NICOLAS KAUSER

Nicolas Kauser

   Director   March 11, 2008

/s/ WALDEN C. RHINES

Walden C. Rhines

   Director   March 11, 2008

/s/ WILLIS C. YOUNG

Willis C. Young

   Director   March 11, 2008
EX-31.1 8 dex311.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Ralph G. Quinsey, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

/s/ RALPH G. QUINSEY

Ralph G. Quinsey

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: March 11, 2008

EX-31.2 9 dex312.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, Steven J. Buhaly certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

/s/ STEVEN J. BUHALY

Steven J. Buhaly

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Date: March 11, 2008

EX-32.1 10 dex321.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION

1350 OF CHAPTER 63 OF TITLE 18

OF THE UNITED STATES CODE AS

ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the filing of the Annual Report on Form 10-K of TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc. (“TriQuint”) for the year ended December 31, 2006, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (“the Report”), each of the undersigned officers of TriQuint, hereby certifies, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of TriQuint.

The undersigned have executed this Certification effective as of March 11, 2008.

 

/s/ RALPH G. QUINSEY

Ralph G. Quinsey

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ STEVEN J. BUHALY

Steven J. Buhaly

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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