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Revenue from Contracts with Clients
 6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue from Contracts with Clients Revenue from Contracts with Clients
The Company accounts for revenue earned from contracts with clients for services such as the execution, clearing, brokering, and custody of futures and options on futures contracts, OTC derivatives, and securities, investment management, and underwriting services in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenues from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). As such, revenues for these services are recognized when the performance obligations related to the underlying transaction are completed.
Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to clients, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. Revenues are analyzed to determine whether the Company is the principal (i.e. reports revenue on a gross basis) or agent (i.e., reports revenues on a net basis) in the contract. Principal or agent designations depend primarily on the control an entity has over the good or service before control is transferred to a client. The indicators of which party exercises control include primary responsibility over performance obligations, inventory risk before the good or service is transferred, and discretion in establishing the price.
Topic 606 does not apply to revenues associated with dealing, or market-making, activities in financial instruments or contracts in the capacity of a principal, including derivative sales contracts which result in physical settlement and interest income.
The Company’s revenues from contracts with clients subject to Topic 606 represent approximately 1.4% and 0.7% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company’s revenues from contracts with clients subject to Topic 606 represent approximately 1.4% and 0.8% of the Company’s total revenues for the six months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
The Company’s revenues from contracts with clients subject to Topic 606 represent approximately 32.2% and 37.9% of the Company’s operating revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company’s revenues from contracts with clients subject to Topic 606 represent approximately 34.6% and 38.5% of the Company’s operating revenues for the six months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
This includes all of the Company’s commission and clearing fees and consulting, management, and account fees revenues. Revenues within the scope of Topic 606 are presented within ‘Commission and clearing fees’ and ‘Consulting, management, and account fees’ on the condensed consolidated income statements. Revenues that are not within the scope of Topic 606 are presented within ‘Sales of physical commodities’, ‘Principal gains, net’, and ‘Interest income’ on the condensed consolidated income statements.
The following table represents a disaggregation of the Company’s total revenues separated between revenues from contracts with clients and other sources of revenue for the periods indicated.
Three Months Ended March 31,Six Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)2021202020212020
Revenues from contracts with clients:
Commission and clearing fees:
Sales-based:
Exchange-traded futures and options$49.4 $40.1 $95.7 $72.5 
OTC derivative brokerage 4.6 6.7 8.4 12.2 
Equities and fixed income 19.4 7.1 33.8 11.4 
Mutual funds 1.5 1.6 2.7 2.9 
Insurance and annuity products 2.3 2.4 4.6 4.5 
Other 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.8 
Total sales-based commission77.3 58.4 145.5 104.3 
Trailing:
Mutual funds3.6 3.5 6.9 6.6 
Insurance and annuity products4.2 4.0 8.1 7.7 
Total trailing commission7.8 7.5 15.0 14.3 
Clearing fees39.4 41.6 77.9 71.1 
Trade conversion fees3.6 4.2 5.7 5.7 
Other 1.7 4.9 5.1 8.4 
Total commission and clearing fees:129.8 116.6 249.2 203.8 
Consulting, management, and account fees:
Underwriting fees0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 
Asset management fees 9.3 8.7 18.0 16.2 
Advisory and consulting fees6.6 5.7 12.6 11.3 
Sweep program fees 0.8 3.6 1.6 7.6
Client account fees 3.8 3.1 7.9 6.1 
Other 1.4 1.3 4.6 2.3 
Total consulting, management, and account fees22.1 22.6 45.1 43.9 
Total revenues from contracts with clients$151.9 $139.2 $294.3 $247.7 
Method of revenue recognition:
Point-in-time$127.4 $113.7 $247.1 $198.3 
Time elapsed24.5 25.5 47.2 49.4 
Total revenues from contracts with clients151.9 139.2 294.3 247.7 
Other sources of revenues
Physical precious metals trading 10,295.7 19,694.7 18,704.6 30,352.7 
Physical agricultural and energy product trading508.6 322.2 983.2 642.2 
Principal gains, net265.2 168.5 468.6 281.0 
Interest income 23.4 41.7 44.6 87.7 
Total revenues $11,244.8 $20,366.3 $20,495.3 $31,611.3 
Primary geographic region:
United States $853.6 $585.6 $1,612.5 $1,097.9 
Europe490.1 150.0 662.5 261.6 
South America 14.5 16.3 29.1 31.5 
Middle East and Asia9,885.1 19,613.3 18,187.1 30,218.8 
Other 1.5 1.1 4.1 1.5 
Total revenues $11,244.8 $20,366.3 $20,495.3 $31,611.3 
The substantial majority of the Company’s performance obligations for revenues from contracts with clients are satisfied at a point in time and are typically collected from clients by debiting their accounts with the Company.
Commission and clearing fees revenue and consulting, management, and account fees revenues are primarily related to the Commercial and Institutional reportable segments. Principal gains, net are contributed by all of the Company’s reportable segments. Interest income is primarily related to the Commercial and Institutional reportable segments. Physical precious
metals trading and physical agricultural and energy product trading revenues are primarily related to the Commercial reportable segment.
Remaining Performance Obligations
Remaining performance obligations are services that the Company has committed to perform in the future in connection with its contracts with clients. The Company’s remaining performance obligations are generally related to its risk management consulting and asset management contracts with clients. Revenues associated with remaining performance obligations related to these contracts with clients are not material to the overall consolidated results of the Company. For the Company’s asset management activities, where fees are calculated based on a percentage of the fair value of eligible assets in client’s accounts, future revenue associated with remaining performance obligations cannot be determined as such fees are subject to fluctuations in the fair value of eligible assets in clients’ accounts.