10-Q 1 d10q.htm FORM 10-Q Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

 

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 For the transition period from                to            

Commission File Number: 001-33546

 

 

TERRESTAR CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware    93-0976127

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

  

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

12010 Sunset Hills Road, 9th Floor, Reston, VA    20190
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)    (Zip Code)

703-483-7800

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

 

Common Stock, $0.01 par value    The NASDAQ Global Market
(Title of Each Class)    (Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such report(s), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  ¨    Accelerated filer  x
Non-accelerated filer  ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

Number of shares of common stock outstanding at May 2, 2008: 90,977,073

 

 

 


Table of Contents

TERRESTAR CORPORATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

        Page
  PART I  
  FINANCIAL INFORMATION  

Item 1.

  Condensed Financial Statements  
 

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
and 2007

  4
 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007

  5
 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
and 2007

  6
 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

  7

Item 2.

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

  37

Item 3.

  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk   54

Item 4.

  Controls and Procedures   54
  PART II  
  OTHER INFORMATION  

Item 1.

  Legal Proceedings   56

Item 1A.

  Risk Factors   56

Item 2.

  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds   74

Item 3.

  Defaults Upon Senior Securities   74

Item 4.

  Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders   74

Item 5.

  Other Information   74

Item 6.

  Exhibits   74

Exhibit Index

  75

Signature

  77


Table of Contents

Caution Regarding Forward-Looking Information; Risk Factors

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of United States securities laws, including the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. From time to time, our public filings, press releases and other communications will contain forward-looking statements. Forward-looking information is often, but not always identified by the use of words such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “expect”, “plan”, “intend”, “forecast”, “target”, “project”, “may”, “will”, “should”, “could”, “estimate”, “predict” or similar words suggesting future outcomes or language suggesting an outlook. Forward-looking statements in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to expectations of our prospects, future revenues, earnings, activities and technical results.

Forward-looking statements and information are based on current beliefs as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to us concerning anticipated financial performance, business prospects, strategies and regulatory developments. Although management considers these assumptions to be reasonable based on information currently available to it, they may prove to be incorrect. The forward-looking statements in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q are made as of the date it was issued and we do not undertake any obligation to update publicly or to revise any of the included forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.

By their very nature, forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, both general and specific, and risks that outcomes implied by forward-looking statements will not be achieved. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on these statements as a number of important factors could cause the actual results to differ materially from the beliefs, plans, objectives, expectations and anticipations, estimates and intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by any forward-looking statements. When relying on our forward-looking statements to make decisions, investors and others should carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events.

Our public filings are available at www.terrestarcorp.com and on EDGAR at www.sec.gov.

Basis of Presentation

In this report:

 

   

the terms “we”, “our”, “us”, “TerreStar”, and the “Company” refer to TerreStar Corporation and its subsidiaries, except where the context otherwise requires or as otherwise indicated.

 

   

“TerreStar Networks” refers to TerreStar Networks Inc., an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of TerreStar Corporation.

 

   

“BCE” refers to BCE Inc., a Canadian corporation.

 

   

“TerreStar Canada Holdings” refers to TerreStar Networks Holdings (Canada) Inc., a Canadian corporation and parent company of TerreStar Canada.

 

   

“TerreStar Canada” refers to TerreStar Networks (Canada) Inc., a Canadian corporation.

 

   

“SkyTerra” refers to SkyTerra Communications, Inc.

 

   

“MSV” refers to Mobile Satellite Ventures LP.

 

   

“TerreStar Global” refers to TerreStar Global Ltd., an indirect, majority-owned subsidiary of TerreStar Corporation.

 

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PART 1—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

TERRESTAR CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 and 2007

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Unaudited

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2008     2007  

Operating Expenses

    

General and administrative (including expenses related to MSV, a related party, of $159 and $159 and Hughes, a related party, of $233 and $400 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively)

   $ 31,598     $ 18,306  

Research and development

     30,142       11,158  

Depreciation and amortization

     5,454       3,298  

Loss on impairment of intangibles

     —         6,200  
                

Total operating expenses

     67,194       38,962  
                

Operating loss from operations

     (67,194 )     (38,962 )

Interest expense

     (10,359 )     (19,155 )

Other expense

     (6 )     —    

Interest and other income

     1,229       5,360  

Equity in losses of MSV

     —         (3,016 )

Realized loss on investment in SkyTerra

     (27,374 )     —    

Minority interests in losses of TerreStar Networks

     8,376       7,529  

Minority interests in losses of TerreStar Global

     —         368  

Decrease in dividend liability

     —         40,473  

Other than temporary impairment-SkyTerra

     —         (58,937 )
                

Loss before income taxes

     (95,328 )     (66,340 )

Income tax benefit (expense)

     754       (1,250 )
                

Net loss from operations

     (94,574 )     (67,590 )

Less:

    

Dividends on Series A and Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock

     (5,792 )     (5,856 )

Accretion of issuance costs associated with Series A and Series B

     (1,133 )     (1,030 )
                

Net loss available to Common Stockholders

   $ (101,499 )   $ (74,476 )
                

Basic & Diluted Loss Per Share

   $ (1.14 )   $ (1.01 )
                

Basic & Diluted Weighted-Average Common Shares Outstanding

     88,698       73,622  
                

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

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TERRESTAR CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007

(in thousands)

 

    March 31,
2008
    December 31,
2007
 
    (Unaudited)     (Audited)  

ASSETS

   

CURRENT ASSETS:

   

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 286,036     $ 89,134  

Cash committed for satellite construction costs

    2,836       2,814  

Deferred issuance costs associated with Series A and Series B Cumulative convertible preferred stock

    4,543       4,447  

Deferred issuance costs associated with TerreStar Notes

    2,032       2,032  

Deferred issuance costs associated with TerreStar Exchangeable Notes

    875       —    

Other current assets

    6,767       9,131  
               

Total current assets

    303,089       107,558  

Restricted investments

    2,667       2,648  

Property and equipment, net (including amounts to Hughes, a related party, of $51,537 and $51,537 at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively)

    628,278       571,151  

Intangible assets, net

    215,180       212,256  

Investment in SkyTerra

    —         103,733  

Investment in SkyTerra—Restricted

    221,575       221,575  

Deferred issuance costs associated with Series A and Series B Cumulative convertible preferred stock

    4,729       5,958  

Deferred issuance costs associated with TerreStar Notes

    9,907       10,415  

Deferred issuance costs associated with TerreStar Exchangeable Notes

    4,263       1,112  

Other non-current assets

    6,000       6,817  
               

Total assets

  $ 1,395,688     $ 1,243,223  
               

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

   

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

   

Accounts payable and accrued expenses (including amounts due to MSV, a related party, of $122 and $131 and Hughes, a related party, of $0 and $3,660 at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively)

  $ 36,754     $ 42,720  

Accounts payable to Loral for satellite construction contract

    20,099       503  

Obligations under capital leases

    62       59  

Deferred rent and other current liabilities

    672       944  

Series A and Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock dividends payable

    14,160       8,368  

Current liabilities of discontinued operations

    13       17  
               

Total current liabilities

    71,760       52,611  

Obligations under capital leases

    81       97  

Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities

    1,855       1,758  

SkyTerra investment dividends payable

    183,444       183,444  

TerreStar Notes and accrued interest, thereon (net discount of $3,440)

    636,541       567,955  

TerreStar Exchangeable Notes and accrued interest, thereon

    151,438       —    

TerreStar-2 purchase money credit facility and accrued interest, thereon

    13,406       —    
               

Total liabilities

    1,058,525       805,865  
               

Commitments and Contingencies

   

Minority interest in TerreStar Networks

    2,308       12,141  

Series A cumulative convertible preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 450,000 shares authorized and 90,000 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007)

    90,000       90,000  

Series B cumulative convertible preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 500,000 shares authorized and 318,500 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007)

    318,500       318,500  

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT):

   

Series C preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 1 share authorized and 1 share issued and outstanding at March 31, 2008 and 0 shares authorized at December 31, 2007)

    —         —    

Series D preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 1 share authorized and 1 share issued and outstanding at March 31, 2008 and 0 shares authorized at December 31, 2007)

    —         —    

Series E junior convertible preferred stock ($0.01 par value, 1,900,000 shares authorized and 0 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2008 and 0 shares authorized at December 31, 2007)

    —         —    

Common stock; voting (par value $0.01; 200,000,000 shares authorized, 93,029,381 and 91,378,041 shares issued, 89,078,179 and 87,426,839 shares outstanding at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively)

    930       914  

Additional paid-in capital

    817,316       806,195  

Common stock purchase warrants

    64,097       64,097  

Less: 3,951,202 common shares held in treasury stock at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007

    (73,877 )     (73,877 )

Accumulated other comprehensive income

    10       10  

Accumulated deficit

    (882,121 )     (780,622 )
               

Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)

    (73,645 )     16,717  
               

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit)

  $ 1,395,688     $ 1,243,223  
               

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

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TERRESTAR CORPORATION

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 and 2007

(in thousands)

Unaudited

 

     Three Months
Ended March 31,
 
     2008     2007  

CASH FLOWS FROM CONTINUING OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

    

Net loss

   $ (94,574 )   $ (67,590 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in continuing operating activities:

    

Depreciation and amortization

     5,454       3,298  

Write off of financing fees

     —         5,707  

Equity in losses of MSV

     —         3,016  

Realized loss on investment in SkyTerra

     27,374       —    

Minority interests in losses of TerreStar Global

     —         (368 )

Minority interests in losses of TerreStar Networks

     (8,376 )     (7,529 )

Amortization of deferred financing costs

     636       258  

Stock-based compensation

     2,475       878  

Loss on impairment of intangibles

     —         6,200  

Restricted stock forfeited

     —         (41 )

Other than temporary impairment-SkyTerra

     —         58,937  

Decrease in dividend liability

     —         (40,473 )

Other

     (107 )     —    

Changes in assets and liabilities:

    

Other current assets

     2,364       (1,121 )

Accounts payable and accrued expenses (including payments to MSV, a related party, of $168 and $51 and Hughes, a related party, of $450 and $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively)

     (1,980 )     559  

Other noncurrent assets

     817       —    

Accrued interest

     9,647       5,189  

Deferred rent and other liabilities

     (175 )     (159 )
                

Net cash used in continuing operating activities

   $ (56,445 )   $ (33,239 )
                

CASH FLOWS FROM CONTINUING INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

    

Proceeds from the sale of SkyTerra shares

   $ 76,359     $ —    

(Purchase) Proceeds of restricted cash and investments

     (22 )     24,969  

Accounts payable to Loral for satellite construction contract

     (503 )     (7,073 )

Additions to property and equipment (including payments to Hughes, a related party, of $3,443 and $3,324 for the years ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively)

     (29,498 )     (101,341 )
                

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing investing activities

   $ 46,336     $ (83,445 )
                

CASH FLOWS FROM CONTINUING FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

    

Proceeds from issuance of TerreStar Notes

   $ 46,500     $ 500,000  

Proceeds from issuance of TerreStar Exchangeable Notes

     149,232       —    

Proceeds from TerreStar-2 purchase money credit facility

     13,375       —    

Proceeds from issuance of equity securities

     —         1,428  

Repayment of the Senior Secured Notes

     —         (200,000 )

Payments for capital lease obligations

     (13 )     —    

Debt issuance costs and other charges

     (2,060 )     (13,253 )
                

Net cash provided by continuing financing activities

   $ 207,034     $ 288,175  
                

Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operations

   $ 196,925     $ 171,491  
                

Net cash used in discontinued operating activities

   $ (4 )   $ (9 )

Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued investing activities

   $ (19 )   $ 280  
                

Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations

     (23 )     271  
                

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

     196,902       171,762  

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of period

     89,134       171,665  
                

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of period

   $ 286,036     $ 343,427  
                

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

 

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TERRESTAR CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1.    Organization and Description of Business

General

TerreStar Corporation was incorporated in 1988 under the laws of the State of Delaware. TerreStar Corporation is in the integrated satellite wireless communications business through its ownership of TerreStar Networks, its principal operating entity, and TerreStar Global. We changed our name from Motient Corporation to TerreStar Corporation in 2007.

Our primary business is TerreStar Networks, a Reston, Virginia based future provider of advanced mobile satellite services for the North American market. Previously, we operated a two-way terrestrial wireless data communications service. On September 14, 2006, we sold most of the assets and liabilities relating to that business. Our historical financial statements present this terrestrial wireless business as a discontinued operation. Pursuant to such presentation, our current period continuing operations are reflected as a single operating unit.

As of March 31, 2008, we had two wholly-owned subsidiaries, MVH Holdings Inc. and Motient Holdings Inc., approximately an 88% interest in TerreStar Networks and approximately an 86% interest in TerreStar Global. Additionally, we held approximately 28% non-voting interest in SkyTerra , a mobile satellite communications company. As of March 31, 2008, SkyTerra owned approximately 11% of TerreStar Networks common stock. As of January 1, 2008, we consolidated the results of TerreStar Canada into our financial statements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

In assessing our liquidity, we monitor and analyze our cash on-hand and our operating and capital expenditure commitments. Our principal liquidity needs are to meet our working capital requirements, operating expenses and capital expenditure obligations. Based on our current business plan, we believe that we have sufficient liquidity required to conduct operations into the second quarter of 2009. We will likely face a cash deficit beyond the second quarter of 2009 unless we obtain additional capital. We cannot guarantee that financing sources will be available on favorable terms or at all.

Our principal sources of liquidity consist of our existing cash on hand and our recently secured $100 million TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2008, including restricted cash, we had $289 million of cash on hand. Additionally, approximately $86 million remains available under our TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility which provides funding for payments related to the construction of our second satellite TerreStar-2.

Our short-term liquidity needs are driven by our satellite system construction contracts, the development of terrestrial infrastructure and networks, and the design and development of our handset and chipset. As of March 31, 2008, we had contractual obligations of $225 million due within one year, consisting of approximately $163 million related to our satellite system, $54 million related to our handset, chipset, and terrestrial network, and $7 million for operating leases. In addition, we expect to spend between $40 and $50 million to obtain satellite launch insurance prior to the launch of our TerreStar-1 satellite. Our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2008 due within one year have decreased by approximately $100 million as compared to our anticipated contractual obligations due within one year as of December 31, 2007. We have deferred the deployment of portions of our terrestrial network build and ended one of our contractual commitments related to the Radio Access Network (RAN) construction. We removed these contractual commitments from our table as of March 31, 2008, but we may elect to restart them in the future under new contracts. Beyond twelve months, we may delay implementation of portions of the city-by-city construction of our terrestrial RAN network and delay

 

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delivery of related equipment, thereby deferring some of these contractual commitments. In addition, we may defer portions of the future handset and chipset development projects which relate to second and third generation versions.

In April 2008, TerreStar Networks implemented certain cost reduction measures including a headcount reduction of 79 management and non-management positions across the company. This reduction will account for savings of approximately 45 percent in base salary expenses. TerreStar Networks expects a charge in connection with this action of approximately $6.2 million in the second quarter of 2008 relating to employee severance payments and benefits.

We will need to secure significant funding in the future in order to satisfy our contractual obligations and complete the construction, deployment, and rollout of our planned network. We intend to fund our long-term liquidity needs related to operations and ongoing network deployment through the incurrence of indebtedness, equity financings or a combination of these potential sources of liquidity. While we believe that these sources will provide sufficient liquidity for us to meet our future liquidity and capital obligations, our ability to fund these needs will depend on our future performance, which will be subject in part to general economic, financial, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control, including trends in our industry and technology developments.

Historically, we have relied on external funding through the issuance of debt and equity securities to fund operations. The existing indentures relating to our outstanding debt securities contain covenants that may impact our liquidity needs or limit our ability to incur future indebtedness. Specifically, the indentures governing our TerreStar Exchangeable Notes and TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility, which were completed in early February 2008, require certain stockholder approvals by late July 2008 or we may be forced to accelerate repayment of the notes.

As part of the closing conditions of the sales of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes, we obtained the requisite stockholder consents to approve the required corporate actions in connection with the foregoing transactions from Harbinger and the other institutional investors who purchased the notes. As of February 7, 2008 Harbinger and the other institutional investors, who were also our stockholders held 53.4% of our common shares. We believe that such shareholder approval will be effective on or before the July 23, 2008 milestone date.

Narrative Description of the Business

TerreStar Networks Inc.

TerreStar Networks is our principal operating entity. In cooperation with its Canadian partner, 4371585 Communications and Company, Limited Partnership (“4371585 Communications”), formerly TMI Communications and Company, Limited Partnership, we plan to launch an innovative wireless communications system to provide mobile coverage throughout the U.S. and Canada using small, lightweight and inexpensive handsets similar to today’s mobile devices. This system build out will be based on an integrated satellite and ground-based technology which will provide service in most hard-to-reach areas and will provide a nationwide interoperable, survivable and critical communications infrastructure.

By offering mobile satellite service (“MSS”) using frequencies in the 2GHz band, which are part of what is often known as the “S-band”, in conjunction with ancillary terrestrial components (“ATC”), we can effectively deploy an integrated satellite and terrestrial wireless communications network. Our network would allow a user to utilize a mobile device that would communicate with a traditional land-based wireless network when in range of that network, but communicate with a satellite when not in range of such a land-based network. We intend to provide multiple communications applications, including voice, data and video services. Through TerreStar Networks, we are in the process of building our first satellite pursuant to a construction contract with Space Systems/Loral, Inc. (“Loral”). Once launched, our TerreStar-1 satellite, with an antenna approximately sixty feet across, will be able to communicate with standard wireless devices.

 

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Our ability to offer these services depends on TerreStar Networks’ right to receive certain regulatory authorizations allowing it to provide MSS/ATC in the S-band. These authorizations are subject to various regulatory milestones relating to the construction, launch and operational date of the satellite system required to provide this service. We may be required to obtain additional approvals from national and local authorities in connection with the services that we wish to provide in the future. For example, in order to provide ATC in the United States and Canada we must file additional applications separately from our satellite authorizations. In addition, the manufacturers of our ATC user terminals and base stations will need to obtain FCC equipment certifications and similar certifications in Canada.

TerreStar Networks was initially created as a subsidiary of Mobile Satellite Ventures LP (“MSV”) established to, among other things, develop a satellite communications system using the S-band. On May 11, 2005, we began to increase our ownership interest in TerreStar Networks when, in conjunction with a spin-off of TerreStar Networks to the owners of MSV, we purchased an additional $200 million of newly issued TerreStar Networks common stock. In conjunction with this transaction, TerreStar Networks also entered into an agreement with MSV’s wholly-owned subsidiary, ATC Technologies, LLC (“ATC Technologies”) pursuant to which TerreStar Networks has a perpetual, royalty-free license to utilize ATC Technologies’ patent portfolio in the S-band, including those patents related to ATC, which we anticipate will allow us to deploy a communications network that seamlessly integrates satellite and terrestrial communications, giving a user ubiquitous wireless coverage in the U.S. and Canada.

Since May 11, 2005, we have consolidated TerreStar Networks financial results in our financial statements.

Through TerreStar Networks, we plan to develop, build and operate an all IP-based 4G integrated satellite and terrestrial communications network to provide mobile communication services throughout the United States and Canada. Our network will address the growing demand for wireless mobile services across the government, commercial, and consumer segments. We plan to market these services on a wholesale basis to government agencies and commercial enterprises.

We have the right to use two 10 MHz blocks of contiguous and unshared MSS S-band spectrum covering a population of over 330 million throughout the United States and Canada. All of our spectrum is eligible for ATC status. ATC authorization provides the ability to integrate terrestrial mobile services with MSS. We anticipate using this ATC authorization to create a two-way wireless communications network providing coverage, services and applications to mobile and portable wireless users. Our planned network is designed to allow an end user to seamlessly communicate with a terrestrial wireless network or our satellite through a conventional mobile device, optimizing service quality, continuity and geographic coverage.

We believe our planned all IP-based 4G network design will improve on existing network architecture and components to deliver greater network capacity, more efficiently and at a lower cost, than existing wireless networks. In December 2008, we plan to launch our first multi-spot beam geostationary satellite, TerreStar-1, which is designed so that the beams can be refocused dynamically. We are also currently developing a next-generation terrestrial network, which we believe will enable us to offer our integrated satellite/terrestrial service by the end of 2009. We are working with several vendors to develop a universal chipset architecture that can be incorporated into a wide range of mobile devices, including small, lightweight and inexpensive handsets.

We believe our network’s satellite and terrestrial mobile capabilities will serve the needs of various users, such as U.S. and Canadian government and emergency first responder personnel who require reliable, uninterrupted and interoperable connectivity that can be provided by an integrated satellite and terrestrial network. In October 2006, we entered into a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (“CRADA”) with the U.S. Defense Information System Agency (“DISA”) to jointly develop a North American emergency response communications network. We expect the CRADA to result in the development of products that will mutually benefit us and the U.S. government. We also believe that our planned network will appeal to a broad base of potential end users, customers and strategic partners, including those in the media, technology and communications sectors, logistics and distribution sectors and other sectors requiring uninterrupted wireless service.

 

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Our Relationship with TerreStar Canada and 4371585 Communications

MSV formed TerreStar Networks in 2002 as a wholly-owned subsidiary and subsequently spun TerreStar Networks off to MSV’s owners, which included TMI Communications and Company, Limited Partnership (now known as “4371585 Communications”) and TerreStar Corporation or entities controlled by each. As part of the spin-off of TerreStar Networks, TMI Communications became contractually obligated to assign, subject to necessary regulatory approvals, its Industry Canada approval in principle to TerreStar Networks, or to an entity designated by TerreStar Networks that is eligible under Canadian law to hold the approval in principle. TerreStar Networks negotiated and committed, pursuant to a master agreement, to enter into the Transfer Agreements with TMI Communications (TMI Communications’ outstanding obligations under the Transfer Agreements were assumed by 4371585 Communications on December 20, 2007 as the transferee of TMI Communications’ interest in TerreStar Canada Holdings), TerreStar Canada, TerreStar Canada Holdings and certain other related parties (the “Transfer Agreements”) pursuant to which TerreStar will transfer TerreStar-1 to TerreStar Canada and TMI Communications effectuated the transfer of its Industry Canada approval in principle to TerreStar Canada and FCC authorization to TerreStar Networks. 4371585 Communications’ assignment of its Industry Canada approval to TerreStar Networks was authorized by Industry Canada on April 27, 2007. This authorization transferred the necessary approvals for TerreStar Canada to launch and operate a satellite at the 111.1 degrees west longitude orbital position in order to provide MSS in Canada. On October 10, 2007, Industry Canada clarified that the authorization as transferred included the authority to operate at 111.0 degrees west longitude. In order to comply with Canada’s telecommunications foreign ownership rules, title to TerreStar-1 is expected to be transferred to TerreStar Canada at the time that title would have otherwise transferred to TerreStar Networks under the terms of its satellite construction contract with Loral, as amended.

The Transfer Agreements also provide for, among other things, the license of certain intellectual property rights to TerreStar Canada, the grant to TerreStar Networks of an indefeasible right to use capacity on TerreStar-1, and the provision by TerreStar Networks to TerreStar Canada of various consulting and other services. In addition, we are required to fund TerreStar Canada’s operating losses.

TerreStar Networks owns 20% of the voting equity of TerreStar Canada as well as 33 1 /3% of the voting equity of TerreStar Canada Holdings, TerreStar Canada’s parent company. The remaining 80% of the voting equity of TerreStar Canada is held by TerreStar Canada Holdings and the remaining 66 2/3% of the voting equity of TerreStar Canada Holdings is held by 4371585 Communications. TerreStar Networks’ interests in TerreStar Canada and TerreStar Canada Holdings reflect the maximum ownership levels currently permitted by applicable Canadian telecommunications foreign ownership rules. Effective January 1, 2008, TerreStar Corporation’s consolidated financial statements include TerreStar Canada, which is considered a variable interest entity under Financial Accounting Standards Boards Interpretation No. 46(R), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” (“FIN 46(R)”).

Upon the receipt of approval from Industry Canada to transfer the Industry Canada approval in principle from TMI Communications to TerreStar Canada on April 27, 2007, (1) TerreStar Networks entered into a Shareholders’ Agreement, or the TerreStar Canada Shareholders’ Agreement, a Rights and Services Agreement, or the Rights and Services Agreement, a Guarantee and Share Pledge Agreement, or the TMI Guarantee and certain other Transfer Agreements, (2) TerreStar Canada executed a Guarantee in favor of TerreStar Networks, referred to as the TerreStar Canada Guarantee, and (3) TerreStar Networks and certain other parties entered into certain other Transfer Agreements. Set out below is a description of certain of the Transfer Agreements.

Effective December 20, 2007 BCE completed a restructuring which resulted in TMI Communications transferring all of its shares of TerreStar Canada Holdings to 4371585 Communications. 4371585 Communications is a wholly-owned subsidiary of BCE.

In connection with the restructuring, TMI Communications entered into an Agreement to be Bound and Release dated December 20, 2007 pursuant to which TMI Communications agreed to transfer to 4371585 Communications its 66 2/3% interest in TerreStar Canada Holdings and 4371585 Communications agreed to

 

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become bound by the terms and conditions of the TerreStar Canada Shareholders’ Agreement. Further, pursuant to the Agreement to be Bound and Release, each of the parties to the TerreStar Canada Shareholders’ Agreement released and discharged TMI Communications from its obligations under the TerreStar Canada Shareholders’ Agreement.

TMI Communications also entered into a Joinder Agreement dated December 20, 2007 with 4371585 Communications, TerreStar Networks, TerreStar Canada and TerreStar Corporation, pursuant to which 4371585 Communications agreed to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Transfer Agreements to which TMI Communications was a party including, but not limited to, the TMI Guarantee, and the parties thereto agreed to release and discharge TMI Communications from its obligations under such Transfer Agreements.

On May 29, 2007 and June 15, 2007, pursuant to our Master Services Agreement with TerreStar Canada, TerreStar Networks loaned TerreStar Canada $0.4 million and $0.35 million, respectively. Each note pays interest at 15.15%, and both mature on January 1, 2009.

TerreStar Global Ltd.

TerreStar Global was initially formed in 2005 as a wholly-owned subsidiary of TerreStar Networks. We have consolidated the financial results of TerreStar Global since its inception. In late 2006, TerreStar Networks spun-off TerreStar Global to its stockholders. As a result, TerreStar Corporation became the indirect majority holder of TerreStar Global. In connection with the spin-off, TerreStar Networks made capital contributions to TerreStar Global of $5 million. In late 2006, TerreStar Global also raised an additional $5 million through a rights offering from its shareholders, in approximate proportion to their holdings, the majority of which came from TerreStar Corporation. As of March 31, 2008, TerreStar Corporation owned approximately 86% of the outstanding shares of TerreStar Global.

Through TerreStar Global, our goal is to build, own and operate a Pan-European integrated mobile satellite and terrestrial communications network to address public safety and disaster relief as well as provide broadband connectivity in rural regions to help narrow the digital divide. As Europe’s first next-generation integrated mobile satellite and terrestrial communication network, TerreStar Global plans to deliver universal access and tailored applications over a fully-optimized IP network.

On August 13, 2007, TerreStar Global issued a press release announcing that it intends to offer securities in a private offering. Neither the terms of the securities nor the amount of the proposed financing have been determined. As of March 31, 2008 this financing has not been completed. There can be no assurance that the financing will be completed. TerreStar Global intends to use the net proceeds from the offering to commence the construction of its satellite, to secure European 2GHz MSS S-band spectrum, and for general corporate purposes.

MSV and SkyTerra

On June 29, 2000, we formed a joint venture subsidiary, Mobile Satellite Ventures LP (“MSV”), with certain other parties, in which the Company owned 80% of the membership interests. Three investors unrelated to us owned the remaining 20% interests in MSV. The minority investors had certain participating rights which provided for their participation in certain major business decisions that were made in the normal course of business; therefore, in accordance with EITF No 96-16, “Investor’s Accounting for an Investee When the Investor Has a Majority of the Voting Interest but the Minority Shareholder or Shareholders Have Certain Approval or Veto Rights”, our investment in MSV has been recorded for all periods presented in the consolidated financial statements pursuant to the equity method of accounting. As a result of MSV’s capital transactions through 2004, our ownership interest decreased to 30%.

Through a series of transactions in 2005, we issued 12.7 million shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase common stock in exchange for 3.6 million MSV limited partnership units. In connection with these

 

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transactions, we allocated $100 million and $270 million of the excess of the purchase price to the proportionate underlying equity of MSV to identifiable intangibles (spectrum rights and intellectual property) and goodwill, respectively.

In 2006, we entered into the MSV Exchange Agreement, pursuant to which we agreed to exchange all of our interests in MSV and all of our shares of Mobile Satellite Ventures GP Inc. (“MSV GP”) for approximately 47.9 million shares of non-voting common stock of SkyTerra Communications, Inc. (“SkyTerra”) in one or more closings. As part of the agreement, we agreed to use our commercially reasonable efforts to distribute approximately 25.5 million SkyTerra shares to our common stockholders and approximately 4.4 million to preferred stockholders, to the extent the preferred holders convert to common stock. In September 2006, we exchanged approximately 60% of our MSV interests for approximately 29.1 million shares of SkyTerra non-voting common stock, of which 3.6 million were sold shortly thereafter. During 2007, we exchanged our remaining interests in MSV for approximately 18.9 million SkyTerra non-voting shares.

As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, our SkyTerra ownership interests were 28% and 42%, respectively. As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had no ownership interest in MSV. In February 2008, we sold 14.4 million unrestricted shares of SkyTerra to Harbinger for net proceeds of $76 million.

Note 2.    Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All material intercompany accounts are eliminated upon consolidation. Investments in which the company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence are carried at the lower of cost or estimated realizable value. The Company monitors investments for other than temporary declines in value and makes reductions in value when appropriate.

Effective January 1, 2008, TerreStar Corporation’s consolidated financial statements include TerreStar Canada, which is considered a variable interest entity under FIN 46(R).

The Company’s investment in MSV was accounted for under the equity method since 2001. Accordingly, the investment in MSV was carried at cost, adjusted for the Company’s proportionate share of earnings or losses.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period’s financial statements and notes thereto to conform to the current year presentation.

Use of Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Company’s most significant estimates relating to its continuing operations include the valuation of stock based compensation, the valuation of deferred tax assets and long-lived assets. In addition, significant estimates related to the Company’s discontinued operations included its valuation for doubtful accounts and the valuation of long-lived terrestrial wireless assets.

 

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Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments.

Restricted Cash and Investments

At March 31, 2008, and December 31, 2007, the Company had $5.5 million of restricted cash and investments held in money market escrow accounts. Included in that amount is approximately $2.8 million that is restricted in accordance with the Company’s satellite construction contract. In addition, approximately $2.3 million is restricted in accordance with the Company’s asset purchase agreement with Geologic Solutions, Inc. and Logo Acquisition Corporation, and approximately $0.4 million is restricted in accordance with various leases and security deposits.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable sufficient to cover probable and reasonably estimable losses related to non-trade receivables. Our estimate of the allowance for doubtful accounts related to non-trade receivables is based on historical collection experience and known disputes. Accounts are written off as uncollectible at the discretion of management. This policy, while it currently relates to TerreStar Corporation’s discontinued operations, is the same policy TerreStar Corporation will use when its operations produce revenues.

Property and Equipment

We record property and equipment, or P&E, including leasehold improvements at cost. P&E consists of network, lab, office and computer equipment, internal use software, and leasehold improvements. The satellite and terrestrial network assets under construction primarily include materials, labor, equipment and interest related to the construction and development of our satellite and billing system. The satellite and terrestrial network assets under construction are not depreciated until placed into service. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

In accordance with Statement of Position 98-1, “Accounting for Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal use” (“SOP 98-1”), we capitalize software developed or obtained for internal use during the application development stage. These costs are included in property and equipment and, when the software is placed in service, are depreciated over an estimated useful life of three years. Costs incurred during the preliminary project stage, as well as maintenance and training costs are expensed as incurred.

The cost of P&E is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated economic useful lives as follows:

 

Long Lived Assets

  

Estimated Useful Life

    

Network, lab and office equipment

   5 years   

Computers, software and equipment

   3 years   

Leasehold improvements

   Lesser of lease term or estimated useful life   

Definite lived intangible assets

   15 years   

Satellite and Terrestrial Network Assets Under Construction

   15 years    (to begin at launch)

 

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Intangible Assets

Definite lived intangible assets primarily consist of intangible assets related to Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) spectrum clearing frequencies and other intellectual property that were obtained in connection with several exchange transactions of TerreStar Corporation common stock for TerreStar Networks common stock with shareholders pursuant to an exchange agreement entered into in 2006. Definite lived intangible assets are amortized over an estimated economic useful life of fifteen years.

Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $4 and $3 million, respectively.

Valuation of Long-Lived and Intangible Assets

We evaluate whether long-lived and intangible assets, excluding goodwill, have been impaired when circumstances indicate the carrying value of those assets may not be recoverable. For such assets, an impairment exists when its carrying value exceeds the sum of estimates of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. When alternative courses of action to recover the carrying amount of an asset are under consideration, a probability-weighted approach is used for developing estimates of future undiscounted cash flows. If the carrying value of the asset is not recoverable based on these estimated future undiscounted cash flows, the impairment loss is measured as the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value, such that the asset’s carrying value is adjusted to its estimated fair value.

Investment in SkyTerra

We have accounted for our investment in SkyTerra at cost in accordance with APB 18, “The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock”. Our investment in SkyTerra was obtained as a result of the MSV Exchange Agreement in 2006. Our MSV partnership units were exchanged for shares in SkyTerra in both 2006 and 2007. Although our investment in SkyTerra common stock is non-voting, we determined the fair value of our investment based on the trading sales prices of SkyTerra shares as listed on the OTC Bulletin Board (“SKYT”).

Income Taxes

On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”).

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was zero as compared to 1% for the same period in 2007. This rate was less than the 35% U.S. income tax rate primarily due to the increase in the Company’s valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets. The effective rate for the remainder of the year is expected to be zero absent any discrete period activity.

The Company files consolidated income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction with its U.S. subsidiaries. The Company, along with its U.S. subsidiaries also files tax returns in various state and local jurisdictions. The Company has no periods under audit by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). The statutes of limitations open for the Company’s returns are 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006. The Company is not aware of any issues for open years that upon examination by a taxing authority are expected to have a material adverse effect on results of operations.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents and other accrued expenses approximate cost because of their short maturities. We value our debt instruments at cost. The fair value of investments is determined using quoted market prices for those securities or similar financial instruments.

 

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Treasury Stock

We account for the purchase of treasury stock at cost. Upon reissuance of shares of treasury stock, we record any difference between the weighted-average cost of such shares and any proceeds received as additional paid-in-capital.

Stock Based Compensation

The Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), “Share Based Payment” on January 1, 2006. The Company elected the modified prospective transition method provided under SFAS 123(R) and consequently prior period results have not been restated to reflect, and do not include, the impact of SFAS 123(R). Under this transition method, compensation cost associated with stock-based awards recognized beginning in 2006 now includes compensation expense related to the grant date fair value for the remaining unvested portion of stock-based awards granted prior to December 31, 2005 and compensation expense related to stock-based awards granted subsequent to December 31, 2005.

The fair value of options is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model which considers, among many factors, the expected life of the award and the expected volatility of the Company’s stock price.

Research and Development Costs

The costs of research and development activities are expensed when incurred. Research and development activities consist of costs related to the development of our integrated satellite and terrestrial communications network, salaries, wages and other related costs of personnel engaged in research and development activities, and the costs of intangible assets that are purchased from others for use in research and development activities that have alternative future uses. Costs that are not clearly related to research and development activities or routine in nature are excluded from research and development costs.

Earnings (Loss) per Common Share

The Company accounts for earnings per share in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share”. Basic earnings (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing income (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. This includes the reported net income (loss) plus the loss attributable to preferred stock dividends and accretion. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share adjusts basic earnings (loss) per common share for the effects of potentially dilutive common shares. Potentially dilutive common shares include the dilutive effects of shares issuable under our equity plans computed using the treasury stock method, and the dilutive effects of shares issuable upon the conversion of our convertible Preferred Stock computed using the if-converted method. Shares issuable under our equity plans were antidilutive in 2008 and 2007 because we incurred a net loss from continuing operations.

Translation of Foreign Currencies

The assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at year-end exchange rates, with resulting translation gains and losses accumulated in a separate component of shareholders’ equity. Income and expense items are translated into U.S. dollars at average rates of exchange prevailing during the period.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income refers to the change in an entity’s equity during a period resulting from all transactions and events other than capital contributed by and distributions to the entity’s owners. For the Company, the only item other than net loss that is included in comprehensive income is foreign currency translation adjustments. Comprehensive loss was approximately $94 million and $68 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 respectively. Accumulated other comprehensive income as reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, consists of cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments.

 

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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 was initially effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years.

However, in February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. 157-1, “Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurements for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurements under Statement 13.” FSP 157-1 amends SFAS 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, to exclude FASB Statement No. 13, “Accounting for Leases” and other accounting pronouncements that address fair value measurements for purposes of lease classification or measurement under Statement No. 13.

Additionally, in February, 2008, the FASB issued FSP 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157”. FSP 157-2 provides a one-year deferral of the effective date of Statement 157 for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed in financial statements at fair value at least annually. For non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities subject to the deferral, Statement 157 will be effective in fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 and in interim periods within those fiscal years.

Since SFAS 157 is deferred until December 31, 2008 for non-financial assets and liabilities, it is not being applied to the Company’s financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2008.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.” SFAS 159 provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Furthermore, SFAS 159 establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. At the effective date, an entity may elect the fair value option for eligible items that exist at that date. The effect of the re-measurement is reported as a cumulative-effect adjustment to opening retained earnings. SFAS 159 is not currently being applied to the Company’s financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2008.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements—An Amendment of ARB No. 51”. SFAS No. 160 requires the recognition of a non-controlling interest (minority interest) as equity in the consolidated financial statements and separate from the parent’s equity. The amount of net income attributable to the non-controlling interest will be included in consolidated net income on the face of the income statement. SFAS No. 160 clarifies that changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are equity transactions if the parent retains its controlling financial interest. In addition, this statement requires that a parent recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. Such gain or loss will be measured using the fair value of the non-controlling equity investment on the deconsolidation date. SFAS No. 160 also includes expanded disclosure requirements regarding the interests of the parent and its non-controlling interest. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early adoption is prohibited. The potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS No. 160 on our consolidated financial statements is currently not determined.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised), “Business Combinations” which replaces FASB Statement No. 141, and applies to all business entities, including mutual entities that previously used the pooling-of-interests method of accounting for certain business combinations. This Statement makes significant amendments to other Statements and other authoritative guidance, and applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not apply it before that date. This statement is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

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In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”. This Statement establishes, among other things, the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and for hedging activities. SFAS No. 161 amends and expands the disclosure requirements of Statement No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”. This Statement requires qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative agreements. This Statement shall be effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. Early application is encouraged. This statement is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Concentrations of Risk

Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of cash and short-term investments. The Company periodically invests its cash balances in temporary or overnight investments. The Company’s short-term investments include debt securities such as commercial paper, time deposits, certificates of deposit, banker acceptances and marketable direct obligations of the United States Treasury with high credit quality financial institutions. At March 31, 2008, the Company had approximately $286 million of cash deposits, excluding restricted cash, in excess of amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses on cash deposits.

Note 3.    Property and Equipment

The components of property and equipment as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are presented in the table below.

 

     March 31,
2008
    December 31,
2007
 
     (in thousands)  

Network equipment

   $ 2,593     $ 2,578  

Lab equipment

     9,154       7,905  

Office equipment

     5,692       5,332  

Leasehold Improvements

     2,963       2,963  

Satellite construction in progress

     572,192       526,140  

Terrestrial Network under Construction

     39,383       28,866  
                
     631,977       573,784  

Less accumulated depreciation

     (3,699 )     (2,633 )
                

Property and equipment, net

   $ 628,278     $ 571,151  
                

The Company capitalized $14 million of interest expense during the quarter ended March 31, 2008 related to satellite construction in progress ($13 million) and terrestrial network under construction ($1 million).

Depreciation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $1 million and $0.3 million, respectively.

 

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Note 4.    Intangible Assets

Intangible assets as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are presented in the table below:

 

     March 31,
2008
    December 31,
2007
 
     (in thousands)  

2 GHz licenses

   $ 208,540     $ 202,324  

Intellectual Property

     36,801       35,704  
                
     245,341       238,028  

Less accumulated amortization

     (30,161 )     (25,772 )
                

Intangible assets, net

   $ 215,180     $ 212,256  
                

Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 was $4 million and $3 million, respectively.

Assets acquired in the May 11, 2005 asset purchase of TerreStar Networks were recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as of the date of the purchase based upon their fair values at such date. Approximately $78 million was allocated to intangible assets that include the rights to receive licenses in the 2GHz band and other intangibles. An additional $76 million was added to the intangible asset balance during 2006, an additional $83 million was added during 2007 and an additional $7 million was added as of March 31, 2008. These intangible assets are being amortized over an average life of 15 years. Expected future amortization, is approximately $17 million annually over each of the next twelve years.

The Company has utilized numerous assumptions and estimates in applying its valuation methodologies and in projecting future operating characteristics for the TerreStar Networks business enterprise. In general, the Company considered population, market penetration, products and services offered, unit prices, operating expenses, depreciation, taxes, capital expenditures and working capital. The Company also considered competition, satellite and wireless communications industry projections and trends, regulations and general economic conditions. In the application of its valuation methodologies, the Company applies certain royalty and discount rates that are based on analyses of public company information, assessment of risk and other factors and estimates.

The Company’s initial valuation of TerreStar Network’s intellectual property rights was determined utilizing a form of the income approach referred to as the relief from royalty valuation method. The Company assumed a 10% to 12% royalty rate applied to a projected revenue stream generated by a hypothetical licensee utilizing such intellectual property rights.

Note 5.    Investments

In 2006, the Company entered into the MSV Exchange Agreement, pursuant to which the Company agreed to exchange all of its interests in MSV and all of our shares of Mobile Satellite Ventures GP Inc. for approximately 47.9 million shares of non-voting common stock of SkyTerra in one or more closings. As part of the agreement, the Company agreed to use its commercially reasonable efforts to distribute approximately 25.5 million SkyTerra shares to its common stockholders and approximately 4.4 million to preferred stockholders, to the extent the preferred holders convert to common stock. In September 2006, the Company exchanged approximately 60% of its MSV interests for approximately 29.1 million shares of SkyTerra non-voting common stock, of which 3.6 million were sold shortly thereafter.

In 2007, we exchanged approximately 6.7 million limited partnership units of MSV for approximately 18.8 million shares of SkyTerra non-voting common stock. As a result of this exchange the historical cost basis of $177.6 million transferred from our investment in MSV to our investment in SkyTerra in accordance with Accounting Principles Board No. 29, “Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions” (APB 29).

 

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As of March 31, 2008, we have restricted the entire amount of our remaining SkyTerra investment totaling $222 million which include the portion of our SkyTerra shares that we plan to distribute as a dividend to our shareholders as well as the shares we are holding for any Preferred shareholders who may convert to common stock in the future. The dividend liability as of March 31, 2008 is $183 million based on our obligation to dividend 25.5 million shares to our shareholders. The remaining unrestricted portion of our SkyTerra investment representing 14.4 million shares of non-voting common stock was sold on February 6, 2008 to Harbinger for an aggregate sales price of $76 million. We recognized a loss on the sale of the SkyTerra investment of $27.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Our SkyTerra ownership interest was 28% as of March 31, 2008.

Note 6.    Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses

Accounts payable and accrued expenses of continuing operations consist of the following:

 

     March 31,
2008
   December 31,
2007
     (In thousands)

Accounts payable

   $ 21,451    $ 18,320

Accrued Consultant Expense

     11,989      18,691

Accrued Compensation and Benefits

     1,623      2,519

Accrued Legal Expense

     748      2,122

Accrued Operating and Other Expenses

     943      1,068
             
   $ 36,754    $ 42,720
             

Note 7.    Long-Term Debt

TerreStar Notes

On February 14, 2007, (“Date of Issuance”) TerreStar Networks issued $500 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured PIK Notes due 2014 (the “TerreStar Notes”) pursuant to an Indenture (the “Indenture”), among TerreStar Networks, as issuer, the guarantors from time to time party thereto (the “Guarantors”) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The TerreStar Notes bear interest from the Date of Issuance at a rate of 15% per annum. If certain milestones are not met, additional interest of up to 1.5% per annum will accrue on the TerreStar Notes. Until and including February 15, 2011, interest on the TerreStar Notes will be payable in additional TerreStar Notes on each February 15 and August 15, starting August 15, 2007. Thereafter, interest on the TerreStar Notes will be payable in cash on February 15 and August 15, starting August 15, 2011. The TerreStar Notes are scheduled to mature on February 15, 2014.

The TerreStar Notes are secured by a first priority security interest in the assets of TerreStar Networks, subject to certain exceptions, pursuant to a U.S. Security Agreement (the “Security Agreement”), dated as of February 14, 2007, among TerreStar Networks, as issuer, and any entities that may become Guarantors (as defined in the Indenture) in the future under the Indenture in favor of U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent. The assets of TerreStar Networks that collateralize the TerreStar Notes amount to $921.9 million as of March 31, 2008, consisting primarily of satellites under construction, property and equipment and cash and cash equivalents.

On February 15, 2008, $40.3 million of interest was converted into additional TerreStar Notes in accordance with the Indenture agreement. As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the carrying value of the TerreStar Notes was $588.9 million and $568 million including accrued interest.

The TerreStar Notes are carried at cost on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The aggregate fair market value of the TerreStar Notes as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 is approximately $518.2 million and $599.2 million, respectively.

 

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On February 5, 2008, TerreStar Corporation and TerreStar Networks entered into a Master Investment Agreement (the “EchoStar Investment Agreement”), with EchoStar Corporation (“EchoStar”). The EchoStar Investment Agreement provided for, among other things, the purchase by EchoStar of $50 million of TerreStar Notes (“TerreStar Notes Add-On”) in accordance with the First Supplemental Indenture dated February 7, 2008.

The TerreStar Notes Add-On were issued at an Issue Price of 93%, resulting in a discount on debt of $3.5 million. The debt discount is being accreted using the effective interest method over the term of the notes (6 years). For the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company accreted $60,000 and zero, respectively, of debt discount related to the TerreStar Notes Add-On.

On February 15, 2008, $0.2 million of interest was converted into additional TerreStar Notes Add-On in accordance with the Indenture agreement. As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the carrying value of the TerreStar Notes Add-On, net of discount including accrued interest, was $47.7 million and zero, respectively.

The TerreStar Notes Add-On are carried at cost on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The aggregate fair value of the TerreStar Notes Add-On as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 is approximately $45 million and zero, respectively.

TerreStar Exchangeable Notes

The EchoStar Investment Agreement also provided for the purchase by EchoStar of $50 million of TerreStar Networks’ newly issued 6.5% Senior Exchangeable PIK Notes due 2014, exchangeable for TerreStar Corporation common stock, at a conversion price of $5.57 per share (the “TerreStar Exchangeable Notes”). In addition, on February 5, 2008, TerreStar Corporation and TerreStar Networks entered into a Master Investment Agreement (the “Harbinger Investment Agreement”), with certain affiliates of Harbinger Capital Partners (“Harbinger”). The Harbinger Investment Agreement provided for, among other things, purchase by Harbinger of $50 million of TerreStar Exchangeable Notes. In connection with the foregoing transactions, certain of our existing investors entered into separate investment agreements (“Shareholder Investment Agreements”) to purchase in the aggregate $50 million of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes.

On February 7, 2008, TerreStar Networks issued $150 million aggregate principal amount of TerreStar Exchangeable Notes due 2014 pursuant to an Indenture (the “Indenture”), among TerreStar Networks, TerreStar Corporation and certain subsidiaries, as issuer, the guarantors from time to time party thereto (the “Guarantors”) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The TerreStar Exchangeable Notes bear interest from the February 7, 2008 at a rate of 6- 1/2% per annum, payable quarterly. The per annum interest rate applicable to the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes will increase by 100 bps upon failure by TerreStar Corporation to file an information statement in connection with obtaining stockholder approval with the SEC by February 29, 2008 and will increase by an additional 100 bps upon failure to mail the information statement by April 20, 2008, in each case until the date of stockholder approval. This information statement was filed with the SEC on February 29, 2008. Until and including June 15, 2011, interest on the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes will be payable in additional TerreStar Exchangeable Notes quarterly, starting March 15, 2008. Thereafter, interest on the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes will be payable in cash quarterly, starting June 15, 2011. The TerreStar Exchangeable Notes are scheduled to mature on June 15, 2014.

The TerreStar Exchangeable Notes would rank senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness; and Pari-passu with all other unsubordinated indebtedness. The TerreStar Exchangeable Notes are guaranteed by subsidiaries of TerreStar Networks.

On March 15, 2008, $1.0 million of interest was converted into additional TerreStar Exchangeable Notes in accordance with the Indenture agreement. As of March 31, 2008, the carrying value of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes was $151.4 million including accrued interest.

 

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The Exchangeable Notes have a registration rights agreement whereby TerreStar Corporation agreed to use its reasonable efforts to cause a shelf registration statement to be filed within 30 days of stockholder approval (or 0.25% additional interest is payable in cash) and declared effective within 90 days (or 0.5% additional interest is payable in cash). The maximum amount of additional interest expense the Company would incur would be approximately $9.7 million through the maturity of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes. The Company currently believes that it is not probable it will be required to remit any additional interest to the holders of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes for failing to obtain an effective registration statement.

The Company analyzed the conversion feature of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes using the guidance of EITF No. 00-19 —“Accounting For Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock” and determined that the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes are non-conventional. The conversion option was further analyzed, and the Company determined that all of the criteria of EITF 00-19 were met and consequently, the conversion option, relative to the corresponding notes, was accounted for as an embedded equity derivative.

The TerreStar Exchangeable Notes are carried at cost on the condensed consolidated balance sheets which approximates fair market value.

TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility

On February 5, 2008, we entered into a $100 million TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility among TerreStar Networks, as the borrower, the guarantors party thereto from time to time, U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent, and Harbinger and EchoStar, as lenders.

Amounts outstanding under the TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility will bear interest at a rate of 14% per annum. Such interest rate will be increased by 1% from May 1, 2008 onward until the necessary shareholder approvals are effective. Maturity date is the earlier of (a) February 5, 2013 or (b) July 23, 2008 if certain approvals are not obtained as of that date.

The TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility contains several restrictive covenants customary for credit facilities of this type, including, but not limited to the following: limitations on incurrence of additional indebtedness, limitation on liens, limitation on asset sales of collateral and limitation on transactions with affiliates. The TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility also contains certain events of default customary for credit facilities of this type (with customary grace periods, as applicable). If any events of default occur and are not cured within the applicable grace periods or waived, the outstanding loans may be accelerated. The financing will be advanced as required and used to fund the completion of the TerreStar-2 satellite.

Initial draw down of the credit facilities occurred on March 25, 2008, for $13.4 million at an interest rate of 14% related to a payment to Loral for TerreStar-2 (Satellite construction in progress). The TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility is carried at cost on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, which approximates fair market value.

Deferred Issuance Costs

The Company paid fees of $14.2 million in association with the TerreStar Notes as of March 31, 2008. The fees are being amortized over the life of the notes. Amortization of approximately $0.5 million and $0.3 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

The Company incurred fees of $5.3 million in association with the TerreStar Notes Add-On, TerreStar Exchangeable Notes and TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility as of March 31, 2008. The fees are being amortized over the life of the notes. Amortization of approximately $0.1 and zero was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

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Leases

As of March 31, 2008, the Company has non-cancelable leases for office space, co-location sites, calibration earth stations, towers and furniture and equipment under operating leases expiring through 2027.

Rent expense, net of sublease income, totaled approximately $2.2 million, $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Rent expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease agreement.

Note 8.    Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

During the first quarter of 2008, we exchanged approximately 2 million shares of our common stock for approximately 0.9 million shares of TerreStar Networks common stock and 0.3 million shares of TerreStar Global common stock with minority shareholders. Accordingly, our ownership interests in TerreStar Networks and TerreStar Global increased from approximately 86% and 85%, respectively, to approximately 88% and 86%, respectively, on a non-diluted basis as of March 31, 2008. The exchange resulted in an allocation of approximately $7 million to intangible assets as of March 31, 2008.

As of March 31, 2008, the Company had reserved common stock for future issuance, as detailed below:

 

Shares issuable upon exercise of warrants

   4,213,400

Shares issuable upon conversion of preferred Stock

   12,255,000

Defined Contribution Plan

   49,096

Shares issuable upon exercise of options

   9,660,836
    

Total

   26,178,332
    

Preferred Stock

As of March 31, 2008, we had 5,000,000 authorized shares of preferred stock, consisting of 450,000 Series A shares, 500,000 Series B shares, 1 Series C share, 1 Series D share, 1,900,000 Series E shares and 2,149,998 undesignated.

Series A and B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock

We account for Series A and B Cumulative Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock under Accounting Series Release 268 “Redeemable Preferred Stocks”.

The rights, preferences and privileges of the Series A Preferred are contained in Certificates of Designations of the Series A Cumulative convertible Preferred Stock. The following is a summary of these rights, preferences and privileges:

 

   

The Series A Preferred Stock has voting rights limited to those listed below, or except as required by applicable law. Upon (a) the accumulation of accrued and unpaid dividends on the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred for two or more six month periods, whether or not consecutive; (b) the failure of the Company to properly redeem the Series A Preferred Stock, or (c) the failure of the Company to comply with any of the other covenants or agreements set forth in the continuance of such failure for 30 consecutive days or more after receipt of notice of such failure from the holders of at least 25% of the Series A preferred then-outstanding shares of Series A Preferred, with the holders of shares of any parity securities issued after April 15, 2005 upon which like voting rights have been conferred and are exercisable, voting as a single class, will be entitled to elect two directors to the Company’s Board of Directors for successive one-year terms until such defect listed above has been cured. In addition, the

 

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Company must obtain approval of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Series A Preferred to modify the rights, preferences or privileges of the Series A Preferred in a manner adverse to the holders of Series A Preferred.

 

   

From April 15, 2005 to April 15, 2007 the Company is required to pay dividends in cash at a rate of 5.25% per annum (the “Cash Rate”) on the shares of Series A Preferred. The Company was required to place the aggregate amount of these cash dividends, $42,892,500, in an escrow account. These cash dividends will be paid to the holders of Series A Preferred from this escrow account in four semi-annual payments, unless earlier paid pursuant to the terms described below. The first of these dividend payments was made on October 15, 2005.

 

   

From April 15, 2007 to April 15, 2010, the Company is required to pay dividends on each share of Series A Preferred either in cash at the Cash Rate or in shares of the Company’s common stock at a rate of 6.25% per annum.

 

   

If any shares of Series A Preferred remain outstanding on April 15, 2010, the Company is required to redeem such shares for an amount equal to the purchase price paid per share plus any accrued but unpaid dividends on such shares.

 

   

Each holder of shares of the Series A Preferred shall be entitled to convert their shares into shares of the Company’s common stock at any time. Each share of Series A Preferred will initially be convertible into 30 shares the Company’s common stock. Upon conversion, any accrued but unpaid dividends on such shares will also be issued as shares of common stock, in a number of shares determined by dividing the aggregate value of such dividend by $33.33. Upon conversion all amounts paid to holders of Series A Preferred will be paid in shares of the Company’s common stock.

 

   

Upon a change in control of the Company, each holder of Series A Preferred shall be entitled to require the Company to redeem such holder’s shares of Series A Preferred for an amount in cash equal to $1,080 per share plus all accrued and unpaid dividends on such shares.

 

   

No dividends may be declared or paid, and no funds shall be set apart for payment, on shares of the Company’s common stock, unless (i) written notice of such dividend is given to each holder of shares of Series A Preferred not less than 15 days prior to the record date for such dividend and (ii) a registration statement registering the resale of the Conversion Shares has been filed with the SEC and is effective on the date the Company declares such dividend.

Upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, the holders of Series A Preferred are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distributions to holders of shares of the Company’s common stock, an amount equal to $1,000 per share plus all accrued and unpaid dividends on such shares.

Exchange Offer

On October 26, 2005, we completed an exchange offer in which we allowed each holder of Series A Preferred the opportunity to exchange their shares of Series A Preferred and a release of any claims relating to the issuance of the Series A Preferred for shares of Series B Preferred, which will have rights, preferences and privileges substantially identical to the Series A Preferred, except that upon (a) the accumulation of accrued and unpaid dividends on the outstanding shares of Series B Preferred for two or more six month periods, whether or not consecutive; (b) the failure of the Company to properly redeem the Series B Preferred Stock, or (c) the failure of the Company to comply with any of the other covenants or agreements set forth in the Certificate of Designations for the Series B Preferred Stock, and the continuance of such failure for 30 consecutive days or more after receipt of notice of such failure from the holders of at least 25% of the Series B Preferred then outstanding, then the holders of at least a majority of the then-outstanding shares of Series B Preferred, with the holders of shares of any parity securities upon which like voting rights have been conferred and are exercisable, voting as a single class, will be entitled to elect a majority of the members of the Company’s Board of Directors for successive on-year terms until such defect listed above has been cured. All of the holders of the Series A

 

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Preferred except for those affiliated with Highland Capital Management exchanged their shares in this offer. Accordingly, approximately $318.5 million in the face amount of Series A Preferred shares were exchanged for Series B Preferred shares of the same face amounts and on $90 million in face amount of Series A Preferred shares remain outstanding.

Dividends on Series A and B Preferred Shares

From April 15, 2005 to April 15, 2007, TerreStar Corporation paid cash dividends at a rate of 5.25% per annum on the Series A and B Preferred shares. These cash dividends of approximately $42.9 million were placed in an escrow account and were paid in four semi-annual payments to the holders of Series A and B Preferred. Additional dividend payments after April 15, 2007, are due bi-annually in April and October, payable at TerreStar Corporation’s option in cash at a rate of 5.25% per annum or in common stock at a rate of 6.25% per annum through April 15, 2010. Currently, we are unable to pay the Series A dividend in common stock due to our ongoing litigation with certain investors. We anticipate paying the Series A dividend in cash and the Series B in common stock until such time that the Series A litigation is resolved and we satisfy the conditions required to pay the Series A dividend in common stock.

If any shares of Series A and B Preferred remain outstanding on April 15, 2010, TerreStar Corporation is required to redeem such shares for an amount equal to the purchase price paid per share plus any accrued but unpaid dividends on such shares.

Series C and D Preferred Stock

On February 7, 2008, we issued one share of non-voting Series C Preferred Stock (“Series C Preferred”) to Echostar and one share of non-voting Series D Preferred Stock (“Series D Preferred”) to Harbinger $0.01, par value. These shares are exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933.

The rights, preferences and privileges of the Series C and D Preferred are contained in Certificates of Designations of the Series C and D Preferred Stock. The following is a summary of these rights, preferences and privileges:

 

   

The Series C and D holders are not entitled to or permitted to vote on any matter required or permitted to be voted upon by the stockholders of the Corporation.

 

   

The Series C and D Preferred are not convertible into any other class of capital stock of the Company.

 

   

Series C and D Preferred Stock rank senior and prior to Common Stock and each other class or series of equity securities of the Company whether issued or issued in the future with respect to payment of dividends, redemption payments, rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Company. Additionally, the Series C and D rank junior to the Series A and B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock.

 

   

In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the affairs of the Company, no distribution shall be made (a) to the holders of any shares of capital stock of the Company ranking junior (with respect to rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) to the Series C and D Preferred Stocks, unless the Series C and D Holders shall have received $1,000 per share each, or (b) to the holders of shares of capital stock of the Company ranking on a parity (with respect to rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up) with the Series C and D Preferred Stocks, except for distributions made ratably on the Series C and D Preferred Stocks and all such parity stock in proportion to the total amounts to which the holders of all such shares are entitled upon such liquidation, dissolution or winding up.

 

   

By virtue of their ownership of shares of the Series C and D Preferred Stock, EchoStar and Harbinger have consent rights for, among other things, certain sales of assets, making any material change in our line of business, amending or permitting the amendment of our certificate of incorporation, by-laws, or

 

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our other organizational documents or any of our subsidiaries, certain acquisitions of assets, certain capital expenditures and consolidations and mergers and rights to appoint directors.

Series E Junior Participating Preferred Stock

Series E Junior Participating Preferred Stock (the “Junior Preferred Shares”) are issuable to Harbinger and its affiliates under the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes and the Harbinger Spectrum Agreement. Except as otherwise required under Delaware law, the holders of Junior Preferred Shares will not be entitled to vote on any matter required or permitted to be voted on by the stockholders. Upon issuance, the holders of Junior Preferred Shares will be entitled to participate ratably in any dividends paid on the Common Shares. In the event of a liquidation, the holders of Junior Preferred Shares will be entitled to be paid out of the assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders an amount in cash equal to $0.0001 per share (subject to adjustment), before any distribution may be made or any assets distributed in respect of the Common Shares. Subject to certain restrictions related to the change of control provisions under the Existing Indenture and existing preferred stock, each Junior Preferred Share may be converted into 25 Common Shares (subject to adjustment). There is no restriction in the Certificate of Designations governing the Junior Preferred Shares on the repurchases or redemption of shares by the Company while there is any arrearage in the payment of dividends or sinking fund installments.

Common Stock Purchase Warrants

As of March 31, 2008, there were approximately 4.2 million fully vested warrants exercisable for the Company’s common stock outstanding.

The following table summarizes the Company’s warrant activity as of March 31, 2008.

 

TerreStar Corporation

   Warrants    Weighted-
average exercise

price per share

Outstanding at January 1, 2008

   4,213,400    $ 9.35

Granted

   —        —  

Canceled

   —        —  

Exercised

     
           

Outstanding at March 31, 2008

   4,213,400    $ 9.35

Note 9.    Employee Stock Benefit Plans

Stock Options

Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised), “Share-Based Payment”, an amendment of FASB Statements Nos. 123 (“SFAS 123(R)”), applying the modified prospective method. As a result of the Company’s decision to adopt using the modified prospective method, prior period results have not been restated. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), the Company applied the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”) in accounting for its stock-based awards, and accordingly, recognized no compensation costs for its stock option plans other than for instances where APB 25 required variable plan accounting related to performance-based stock options, stock option modifications and restricted stock awards. Under the modified prospective method, SFAS 123(R) applies to new awards and to awards that were outstanding as of December 31, 2005 that are subsequently vested, modified, repurchased or cancelled.

 

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Summary

Through 2007, TerreStar Corporation and TerreStar Networks offered stock options and other long term equity based incentive awards under their respective equity plans to their employees, directors and other service providers. During 2006, TerreStar Corporation adopted the 2006 TerreStar Corporation Equity Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”) which replaced the 2002 TerreStar Corporation Plan (the “2002 Plan”). During 2007, the TerreStar Corporation and TerreStar Networks respective Board of Directors and Compensation Committees decided to cease issuing options and other awards under the TerreStar Networks 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2002 TerreStar Networks Plan”) and exchange certain outstanding options under the 2002 TerreStar Networks Plan for options to purchase common stock of TerreStar Corporation under the 2006 Plan. As of March 31, 2008, we now offer stock options and other long-term incentive awards under the following two plans to eligible persons:

 

   

the 2006 Plan; and

 

   

the TerreStar Global Ltd. 2007 Share Incentive Plan (the “Global Plan”).

Our equity-based compensation expense is included in the following areas in the consolidated statement of operations for the periods indicated for the awards outstanding under the 2002 TerreStar Networks Plan, the 2006 Plan, the 2002 Plan, the Global Plan, and warrants issued to purchase TerreStar Global common shares:

 

    Three months ended March 31, 2008
    2006 Plan    2002
TerreStar
Networks Plan
  Global Plan    Warrants    Restricted
Stock
   Consolidated
    (in thousands)

General and administrative

  $ 285    $ 2,052   $ 40    $ —      $ 58    $ 2,435

Research and development

       39     —        —        —      $ 39
                                       

Total stock-based compensation

  $ 285    $ 2,091   $ 40    $ —      $ 58    $ 2,474
                                       
    Three months ended March 31, 2007
    2006 Plan    2002
TerreStar
Networks Plan
  Global Plan    Warrants    Restricted
Stock
   Consolidated
    (in thousands)

General and administrative

  $ 396    $ 316   $ —      $ —      $ 165    $ 877

Research and development

    —        —       —        —        —        —  
                                       

Total stock-based compensation

  $ 396    $ 316   $ —      $ —      $ 165    $ 877
                                       

For the three months ended March 31, 2008, the total unrecognized stock compensation expense was approximately $14.1 million.

 

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Restricted Stock Awards

The fair value of restricted stock awards is based on the stock price at the date of grant. Restricted stock awards generally vest over four years and are settled in shares of TerreStar Corporation common stock after the vesting period.

The following table summarizes our restricted stock activity as of March 31, 2008.

 

TerreStar Corporation

   Restricted Shares    Weighted-
average grant

date fair value

Nonvested at January 1, 2008

   69,000    $ 13.35

Granted

   —        —  

Canceled

   —        —  

Vested

   —        —  
           

Nonvested at March 31, 2008

   69,000    $ 13.35
           

TerreStar Networks 2002 Stock Incentive Plan

In July 2002, the TerreStar Networks’ shareholders approved the 2002 TerreStar Networks Plan (as amended) with 7,707,458 authorized shares of common stock, of which options to purchase 213,763 and 4,260,327 shares of TerreStar Networks’ common stock were outstanding at March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. All of the outstanding options under the 2002 TerreStar Networks Plan have vested. Pursuant to the terms of the adoption of the 2006 Plan (discussed above) no additional options will be issued pursuant to the 2002 TerreStar Networks Plan, and the plan will terminate upon the exercise or termination of the outstanding options.

The fair value of each option award was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The risk-free interest rate was based on the daily treasury yield curve rates from the U.S. Treasury, adjusted for continuous compounding. The expected-volatility was estimated using TerreStar Networks and peer company historical volatility and implied volatility. The expected term was estimated using the average of the vesting date and the contractual term of the options.

The following tables summarize our stock option activity for the 2002 TerreStar Networks Plan:

 

     Options to
acquire shares
   Weighted-
average exercise

price per share
   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)

Outstanding at January 1, 2008

   213,763    $ 7.38      —  

Granted

   —        —        —  

Canceled

   —        —        —  

Exercised

   —        —        —  

Outstanding at March 31, 2008

   213,763    $ 7.38    $ 4,949
              

Exercisable at March 31, 2008

   213,763    $ 7.38    $ 4,949
              

 

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The following table provides information about options under the 2002 TerreStar Networks Plan that are outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2008:

 

Options Outstanding

  Options Exercisable

Exercise Prices

  As of
March 31,
2008
 

Weighted

Average
Contractual

Life
Remaining

  As of
March 31,
2008

$0.21

  52,070   7 years   52,070

$0.70

  100,435   4 years   100,435

$24.42  

  61,258   7 years   61,258
         
  213,763     213,763
         

2002 TerreStar Corporation Plan

The 2002 Plan was initially adopted by the Board of Directors in May 2002 with 5,493,024 authorized shares of common stock, of which options to purchase 231,664 shares of the our common stock were outstanding at March 31, 2008.

2004 Restricted Stock Plan

In August 2004, we adopted a restricted stock plan for the issuance of up to 1,000,000 shares of restricted common stock to employees or directors. Upon adoption of the 2006 Plan, this plan was cancelled with respect to all shares, except for those already granted and vested.

2006 TerreStar Corporation Equity Incentive Plan

In April 2006, our shareholders approved the 2006 Plan which was designed to replace both the 2002 Plan and the 2004 Restricted Stock Plan. No additional shares were granted under either the 2002 Plan or the 2004 Restricted Stock Plan. The 2006 Plan initially authorized to issue a total of 10,000,000 (and was later amended in October 2007 to increase to 11,000,000) Incentive Stock Options, Non-Qualified Stock Options, Restricted Shares, Performance Shares and Performance Units. As of March 31, 2008, approximately 1.2 million shares remain available to be issued under the Plan.

Under the 2006 Plan, we granted 35,600 non-qualified options to purchase our common stock to a board member on March 14, 2007. These options vest on March 14, 2008 and expire on March 14, 2017, unless fully exercised or terminated earlier.

Under the 2006 Plan, we granted 3.8 million non-qualified options to purchase our common stock to TerreStar Networks employees on May 1, 2007. One-third of the options vest each year over three years starting January 1, 2008 and expires on January 1, 2017, unless fully exercised or terminated earlier.

On May 23, 2007, we cancelled approximately 2.5 million fully vested non-qualified options to purchase TerreStar Networks common stock in exchange for the issuance of approximately 5.3 million fully vested non-qualified options to purchase our common stock. These options were granted to TerreStar Networks employees on May 23, 2007. These options were fully vested and we recognized $14.7 million of total incremental compensation cost related to this exchange for the year ended December 31, 2007. Fifty percent of the options became exercisable on January 1, 2008 and the remaining fifty percent become exercisable on January 1, 2009. The options expire on May 23, 2017, unless fully exercised earlier.

Under the 2006 Plan, we granted 112,500 non-qualified options to purchase our common stock to a former board member on February 12, 2008. These options vested immediately on February 12, 2008 and expire on December 31, 2009, unless fully exercised earlier.

 

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The fair value of each option award was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The risk-free interest rate was based on the daily treasury yield curve rates from the U.S. Treasury, adjusted for continuous compounding. The expected-volatility was estimated using TerreStar Corporation and peer company historical volatility and implied volatility. The expected term was estimated using the average of the vesting date and the contractual term of the options.

The following table summarizes the fair values and weighted average assumptions related to the grants under the 2006 Plan.

 

Grant dates

   February 12,
2008
    March 14,
2007
 

Weighted average grant date fair value

   $ 1.78     $ 5.09  

Weighted average assumptions:

    

Risk-free interest rate

     1.92 %     4.34 %

Expected volatility

     65.0 %     60.0 %

Expected dividend yield

     —         —    

Expected term (years)

     1.89       5.50  

Options granted

     112,500       35,600  

The following tables summarize our stock option activity for the 2002 TerreStar Corporation Plan and the 2006 Plan.

 

     Options to
acquire shares
    Weighted-
average exercise

price per share
   Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
(in thousands)

Outstanding at January 1, 2008

   9,568,911     $ 11.73      —  

Granted

   112,500       5.00      —  

Canceled

   (20,575 )     11.31      —  

Exercised

   —         —        —  

Outstanding at March 31, 2008

   9,660,836     $ 11.65    $ —  
               

Exercisable at March 31, 2008

   4,387,618     $ 12.01    $ —  
               

 

     Options to
acquire shares
    Weighted-
Average Grant

Date Fair Value

Nonvested at January 1, 2008

   3,942,055     $ 6.72

Granted

   112,500       1.78

Canceled

   (16,125 )     6.68

Vested

   (1,393,166 )     6.30
        

Nonvested at March 31, 2008

   2,645,264     $ 6.73
            

 

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The following table provides information about options under the 2002 TerreStar Corporation Plan and the 2006 Plan that are outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2008:

 

Options Outstanding

   Options Exercisable

Exercise Prices

   As of
March 31,
2008
   Weighted
Average
Contractual Life
Remaining
   As of
March 31,
2008

$  3.00

   214    4 years    214

$  5.00

   112,500    2 years    112,500

$  8.85

   35,600    9 years    35,600

$11.30

   3,817,663    9 years    1,208,399

$11.35

   5,255,909    9 years    2,627,955

$11.95

   37,500    9 years    37,500

$12.50

   110,000    8 years    110,000

$13.35

   45,000    8 years    18,000

$17.94

   15,000    8 years    6,000

$23.15

   86,450    7 years    86,450

$28.70

   145,000    7 years    145,000
            
   9,660,836       4,387,618
            

TerreStar Global Ltd. 2007 Share Incentive Plan

Pursuant to the terms of the TerreStar Global Ltd. 2007 Share Incentive Plan (the “Global Plan”), TerreStar Global may issue up to an aggregate of 3.75 million shares of common stock in the form of options or other equity-based incentive awards to directors, officers, employees and service providers.

On July 9, 2007, TerreStar Global granted 1.1 million non-qualified options under the Global Plan, to purchase its common stock to TerreStar Global employees, directors and service providers. One-half of the options vest each year over two years starting January 1, 2008 and expires on July 8, 2017, unless fully exercised or terminated earlier. As of March 31, 2008, approximately 2.6 million shares remain available to be issued under the Global Plan.

The fair value of each option award was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The risk-free interest rate was based on the daily treasury yield curve rates from the U.S. Treasury, adjusted for continuous compounding. The expected-volatility was estimated using TerreStar Global and peer company historical volatility and implied volatility. The expected term was estimated using the average of the vesting date and the contractual term of the options.

The following tables summarize our stock option activity under the Global Plan.

 

     Options to
acquire
shares
   Weighted-
average exercise

price per share
   Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

Outstanding at January 1, 2008

   1,105,000    $ 0.42    —  

Granted

   —        —      —  

Canceled

   —        —      —  

Exercised

   —        —      —  

Outstanding at March 31, 2008

   1,105,000    $ 0.42    —  
              

Exercisable at March 31, 2008

   552,500    $ 0.42    —  
              

 

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     Options to
acquire
shares
   Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair Value

Nonvested at January 1, 2008

   1,105,000    $ 0.29

Granted

   —        —  

Canceled

   —        —  

Exercised

   —        —  

Vested

   552,500      0.29
           

Nonvested at March 31, 2008

   552,500    $ 0.29
           

 

Options Outstanding

   Options Exercisable

Exercise Prices

   As of
March, 31,

2008
   Weighted
Average
Contractual Life
Remaining
   As of
March 31,
2008

$0.42

   1,105,000    9 years    552,500

Warrants—TerreStar Global

On July 9, 2007, TerreStar Global issued warrants to its board and former board members. These warrants vested immediately and expire on July 9, 2012, or earlier if fully exercised or otherwise cancelled per the warrant agreement’s terms.

The fair value of each warrant was calculated using a Black-Sholes option pricing model. The risk-free rates were developed using Daily Treasury Yield Curve Rates from the U.S. Treasury, adjusted for continuous compounding. The expected volatility was estimated using TerreStar Global and peer company historical average annual volatility. The July 9, 2007 warrants contain a provision that violates the basic characteristics of “plain vanilla” options. Specifically, with certain limiting, the warrants are freely transferable. As the warrants are likely to remain outstanding for the entirety of their contractual term, the expected term was determined to equal the contractual term for the July 9, 2007 warrants. As the July 9, 2007 warrants are vested upon issuance, it is expected that none of these shares would be forfeited prior to vesting.

The following table summarizes the TerreStar Global warrants that are outstanding and exercisable as of March 31, 2008.

 

Warrants Outstanding

   Warrants
Exercisable

Exercise Prices

   As of
March 31,
2008
   Weighted
Average
Contractual Life
Remaining
   As of
March 31,
2008

$0.42

   553,100    4 years    553,100

Note 10.    Income Taxes

On January 1, 2007, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”).

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was 0 % compared to 1 % for the same period in 2007. This rate was less than the 35 % U.S. income tax rate primarily due to the increase in the Company’s valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets. The effective rate for the remainder of the year is expected to be 0 % absent any discrete period activity.

The Company files consolidated income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction with its U.S. subsidiaries. The Company, along with its U.S. subsidiaries also files tax returns in various state and local jurisdictions. The Company has no periods under audit by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”). The statutes of limitations open

 

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for the Company’s returns are 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006. The Company is not aware of any issues for open years that upon examination by a taxing authority are expected to have a material adverse effect on results of operations.

Note 11.    Commitments and Contingencies

As of March 31, 2008, TerreStar has preferred stock obligations for its Series A and B Preferred Stock. If not converted, the entire Series A and B preferred stock amount of $408 million will be due on April 15, 2010. Dividend payments on the Series A and B are due bi-annually in April and October, payable in cash (at a 5.25% annual interest rate) or in common stock (at a 6.25% annual interest rate) through April 15, 2010. Additionally, the Company has the following contractual commitments and debt obligations as of March 31, 2008:

 

      TOTAL    < 1 yr    1-3 yrs    3-5 yrs    5+ yrs
     (in thousands)

TerreStar Satellites (1,2)

   $ 284,688    $ 163,230    $ 49,880    $ 7,251    $ 64,327

Leases

     19,076      7,411      8,460      3,022      183

Network Equipment and Services

     436,422      53,878      382,544      —        —  

Debt Obligations (3)

     1,699,343      —        1,688      328,181      1,369,474
                                  

Total

   $ 2,439,529    $ 224,519    $ 442,572    $ 338,454    $ 1,433,984
                                  

 

(1)

Includes approximately $6 million remaining of construction payments and approximately $55 million of orbital incentive payments for TerreStar I if the satellite operates properly over its expected life. Includes approximately $63 million remaining for construction of TerreStar-2 and approximately $48 million of orbital incentives and $12 million for storage.

 

(2)

We expect to pay $40—$50 million for satellite launch insurance, which is not under contract and not included in the table.

 

(3)

Debt Obligations are composed of our $550 million TerreStar Notes due 2014, our $150 million TerreStar Exchangeable Notes due 2014, and our current borrowing under our TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility due 2014 for our second satellite, including future interest and principle payments.

Note 12.    Legal Matters

On August 16, 2005, Highland Equity Focus Fund, L.P., Highland Crusader Offshore Partners, L.P., Highland Capital Management Services, Inc., and Highland Capital Management, L.P., affiliates of James Dondero (the “Dondero Affiliates”), a former director of the Company, filed a lawsuit in Dallas County, Texas, (the “Rescission Litigation”), against us challenging the validity of the Series A Preferred Stock on the basis of the confusion regarding the voting rights of the Series A Preferred Stock and seeking rescission of their purchase of shares of Series A Preferred Stock. These entities acquired 90,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock for a purchase price of $90.0 million in the April 2005 private placement. Later, the Dondero Affiliates amended their suit to assert other grounds for rescission and damages. On November 30, 2007, the court granted TerreStar Corporation’s motion for summary judgment and dismissed the suit. The Dondero Affiliates have appealed the dismissal. The Company intends to vigorously contest the Dondero Affiliates’ effort to reinstate the Rescission Suit through the appeal process.

Also on August 16, 2005, Highland Legacy Limited—another affiliate of Mr. Dondero—filed suit in the Delaware Court of Chancery against many of the Company’s directors and officers as well as certain third parties. This lawsuit was filed as a derivative action, ostensibly on behalf of the Company. This suit was dismissed by the Court of Chancery on March 17, 2006; Highland Legacy did not appeal, and the judgment of dismissal is accordingly final.

On October 7, 2005, the Dondero Affiliates who filed the Rescission Litigation filed suit in the Delaware Court of Chancery to enjoin an exchange offer by virtue of which TerreStar Corporation was to exchange

 

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TerreStar Corporation’s outstanding Series A Preferred Stock for a new class of Series B Preferred Stock. While this lawsuit remains outstanding, the exchange offer was completed and the Highland plaintiffs never set their request for injunction for hearing; there has been no activity in this case since late 2005.

On October 19, 2005, the Company filed two lawsuits against James D. Dondero, one in the United States District Court for the Northern Division of Texas and one in the District Court of Dallas County, Texas. The petition filed in state court alleges that Mr. Dondero has seriously and repeatedly breached his fiduciary duties as a director in order to advance his own personal interests. In the suit filed in Federal court—in which the Highland affiliates which were members of Mr. Dondero’s proxy fight group were also named as defendants—the Company alleges the filing of false and misleading Forms 13D in violation of the federal securities laws. The suit filed in Federal court was dismissed after the United States District Court ruled that the Company’s complaint was subject to a heightened pleading standard under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act; the Company, which disagrees with the ruling, elected not to replead, but rather to appeal the dismissal. The Company’s appeal was argued to a panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit on April 2, 2008, and the parties are awaiting the decision of that Court. After the suit in the United States District Court was dismissed, the state court entered summary judgment dismissing the fiduciary suit on the ground that the United States District Court’s dismissal of the federal securities lawsuit had a res judicata effect precluding the continued prosecution of state law breach-of-fiduciary-duty claims. The Company disagrees with the judgment and has appealed; the Company’s appeal was argued to a panel of the Dallas Court of Appeals on February 12, 2008, and the parties are awaiting the decision of the Court of Appeals.

On April 24, 2006, Highland Select Equity Fund—another of Mr. Dondero’s Highland affiliates—filed suit in the Delaware Court of Chancery against TerreStar Corporation, attempting to compel the production of books and records by TerreStar Corporation pursuant to Section 220 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. In July 2006, after trial, the Court of Chancery entered judgment on behalf of TerreStar Corporation, dismissing the suit and awarding costs to TerreStar Corporation. The Plaintiff appealed to the Delaware Supreme Court. After oral argument, a remand to the Court of Chancery for clarification of certain aspects of its opinion, and the Court of Chancery’s issuance of a Report in response to the request from the Supreme Court, the judgment of the Court of Chancery was affirmed.

On June 19, 2006, the same four of Mr. Dondero’s Highland affiliates who filed the Rescission Litigation filed suit in Texas state court seeking to rescind TerreStar Corporation’s agreement with SkyTerra Communications, Inc. to exchange shares of MSV, to enjoin the closing of the associated transaction, and to rescind TerreStar Corporation’s consulting agreement with Communications Technology & Advisors (“CTA”). TerreStar Corporation and CTA removed the case to federal court and moved for dismissal. After oral argument on such motions, the United States Magistrate Judge recommended that the United States District Court dismiss the suit. On January 24, 2007, the United States District Court accepted the Magistrate Judge’s recommendation and dismissed Highland’s suit. Highland has not appealed, and the judgment of dismissal accordingly is now final.

On February 1, 2008, the same four of Mr. Dondero’s Highland affiliates who filed the Rescission Litigation filed suit against TerreStar Corporation in the Commercial Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York. In this most recent suit, the Dondero Affiliates contend that the September 2005 exchange offer by virtue of which TerreStar Corporation exchanged TerreStar Corporation’s outstanding Series A Preferred Stock for a new class of Series B Preferred Stock caused the occurrence of a Senior Security Trigger Date, supposedly requiring the Company to issue a Senior Security Notice entitling the Dondero Affiliates to redeem their Series A Preferred Stock. The Company has filed a motion to dismiss this action and, if the motion is denied, intends to vigorously defend it.

 

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Note 13.    Related Party Transactions

ATC Technologies, LLC—ATC Technologies is a subsidiary of MSV and the Company previously held a 4.4% ownership interest in MSV. We had no ownership interest at December 31, 2007 and March 31, 2008.

Hughes Network Systems, LLC (“Hughes”)—Andrew Africk served on the Board of Directors of both TerreStar Networks and Hughes during the period covered by this report. In April 2008, Mr. Africk resigned from the Board.

For the three months ended March 31, 2008, the Company incurred expenses of $4.2 million to related parties. Of that amount, $3.9 million refers to Hughes for satellite related services and $0.3 million refers to ATC Technologies for intellectual property related services.

For the three months ended March 31, 2007, the Company incurred expenses of $3.5 million to related parties. Of that amount, $3.3 million refers to Hughes for satellite related services and $0.2 million refers to MSV for intellectual property related services.

On May 29, 2007 and June 15, 2007 TerreStar Networks under its Master Services Agreement with TerreStar Canada loaned TerreStar Canada $0.4 million and $0.35 million. These notes will accrue interest at a rate of 15.15% per annum and both mature on January 1, 2009.

Note 14.    Supplemental Cash Flows Information

Supplemental cash flows information for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007 is presented in the table below.

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
     2008    2007
     (in thousands)

Non-cash investing and financing activities

     

Accrued property and equipment

   $ 22,838    $ 19,812

Interest capitalized on satellites and terrestrial network under construction

   $ 13,908    $ 1,958

Acquisition of intangible assets funded by issuance of common stock

   $ 7,313    $ 65,911

Acquisition of SkyTerra shares through exchange of MSV

   $ —      $ 139,486

Deferred financing fees accrued

   $ 1,326    $ 1,160

Accretion of issuance costs on Series A and Series B Preferred

   $ 1,132    $ 1,030

Interest on TerreStar Notes paid in-kind

   $ 40,495    $ —  

Discount on TerreStar Notes

   $ 3,500    $ —  

Amortization of discount on TerreStar Notes

   $ 60    $ —  

Interest on TerreStar Exchangeable Notes paid in-kind

   $ 1,029    $ —  

Interest on TerreStar-2 purchase money credit facility paid in-kind

   $ 31    $ —  

Debt issuance cost withheld from TerreStar Exchangeable Notes proceeds

   $ 768    $ —  

Dividend liability on Preferred Stock

   $ 5,792    $ 5,856

Acquisition of Minority interest funded by issuance of common stock

   $ 1,604    $ 30,946

Supplemental Cash Flows Information

     

Interest paid

   $ —      $ 7,034

Income taxes paid

   $ 14    $ 4,552

 

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Note 15.    Subsequent Events

On April 16, 2008, the Company announced the departure of Robert Brumley as the President and Chief Executive Officer, effective immediately. Mr. Brumley also resigned his position on the Board. The Board elected Jeffrey Epstein as President of TerreStar Corporation and TerreStar Networks Inc. Mr. Epstein will also continue to serve as General Counsel and Secretary, positions he has held since September 2006.

Mr. Epstein will serve as the Company’s principal executive officer. The Company has not entered into any new material plans, contracts or arrangements or amended any existing plans contracts or arrangements with Mr. Epstein. The Company and Mr. Epstein are parties to an Employment Agreement dated January 15, 2008 (the “Epstein Employment Agreement”).

On April 16, 2008, the Company entered into an Agreement and General Release (the “Brumley Separation Agreement”) with Robert Brumley to address the terms of his departure. The Company and Mr. Brumley are also parties to an Employment Agreement dated January 15, 2008 (the “Brumley Employment Agreement”) pursuant to which Mr. Brumley is entitled to certain severance benefits in the event his service to the Company was terminated without cause (as defined in the Brumley Employment Agreement). The Brumley Separation Agreement is consistent with the terms of the Brumley Employment Agreement. The Brumley Separation Agreement provides for a general release of all claims of the Company against Mr. Brumley and by Mr. Brumley against the Company and the payment of the Company’s obligations under the Brumley Employment Agreement. The Brumley Separation Agreement further provides that, as contemplated by the Brumley Employment Agreement, in exchange for entering into the Brumley Separation Agreement the Company will provide Mr. Brumley with aggregate cash payments equal to $1,972,223, which consists of (i) $18,805 for accrued but unpaid compensation through his termination date, (ii) $981,018, equal to Mr. Brumley’s current base salary through December 31, 2009, the remaining period of the term specified in the Brumley Employment Agreement, and (iii) $972,400, equal to the product of Mr. Brumley’s target annual bonus for 2008 multiplied by 2, in each case less applicable income and employment tax withholding. The cash payments under the Brumley Separation Agreement will be paid in accordance with the terms of the Brumley Separation Agreement over a period ending January 1, 2009. In addition, to the extent Mr. Brumley qualifies for, complies with and otherwise remains eligible for continuation of his health care issuance benefits under COBRA, the Company shall pay the COBRA premiums for a maximum of 18 months.

In addition, unvested stock options to purchase 382,000 shares of the Company’s common stock that were issued to Mr. Brumley and remained outstanding as of his termination date, immediately vested in full and became exercisable. The Company agreed to extend the period in which Mr. Brumley may exercise any outstanding option grants by a period of one year beyond the original exercise period under the applicable stock option agreements.

On April 16, 2008, the Company also announced the departure of Michael Reedy, its Chief Operating Officer, and Doug Sobieski, its Chief Marketing Officer, effective immediately.

On April 16, 2008, the Company entered into an Agreement and General Release with Michael Reedy (the “Reedy Separation Agreement”) and with Doug Sobieski (the “Sobieski Separation Agreement”) to address the terms of their departure. Both Messrs. Reedy and Sobieski are also parties to Employment Agreements dated January 15, 2008, pursuant to which Messrs. Reedy and Sobieski were entitled to certain severance benefits in the event their service to the Company was terminated without Cause (as defined in their respective employment agreement). Both the Reedy Separation Agreement and the Sobieski Separation Agreement are consistent with the terms of their respective Employment Agreements and provide for a general release of all claims of the Company against Messrs. Reedy and Sobieski, respectively, and by Messrs. Reedy and Sobieski, respectively, against the Company, as well as the payment of the Company’s obligations under their respective employment agreements.

The Reedy Separation Agreement provides that in exchange for entering into the Reedy Separation Agreement, the Company will provide Mr. Reedy with aggregate cash payments equal to $594,367, which

 

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consists of (i) $11,967 for accrued but unpaid compensation through his termination date, (ii) $364,000 for a payment equal to Mr. Reedy’s current base salary through December 31, 2008, the remaining period of the term specified in the Mr. Reedy’s employment agreement, and (iii) $218,400 for a payment equal to Mr. Reedy’s target annual bonus for 2008, in each case less applicable income and employment tax withholding. The cash payments under the Reedy Agreement will be paid over a 12 month period.

The Sobieski Separation Agreement provides that in exchange for entering into the Sobieski Separation Agreement, the Company will provide Mr. Sobieski with aggregate cash payments equal to $594,367, which consists of (i) $11,967 for accrued but unpaid compensation through his termination date, (ii) $364,000 equal to Mr. Sobieski’s current base salary through December 31, 2008, the remaining period of the term specified in Mr. Sobieski’s employment agreement, and (iii) $218,400 equal to Mr. Sobieski’s target annual bonus for 2008, in each case less applicable income and employment tax withholding. The cash payments under the Sobieski Separation Agreement will be paid over a 12 month period.

In addition, to the extent Messrs. Reedy and Sobieski qualify for, comply with and otherwise remain eligible for continuation of his health care insurance benefits under COBRA, the Company shall pay their respective COBRA premiums for a maximum of 18 months.

In addition, unvested options to purchase 200,133 shares of the Company’s common stock held by Mr. Reedy and unvested options to purchase 93,333 shares of the Company’s common stock held by Mr. Sobieski immediately vested in full and became exercisable. Messrs. Reedy and Sobieski shall have a period of one year following his termination date to exercise these stock options.

On April 22, 2008, TerreStar Networks announced a reduction in force to reduce monthly operating expenses and conserve cash. A headcount reduction of 79 total management and non-management employees across the company was implemented (including the four executive resignations discussed above) out of the total work force of 178 employees. TerreStar Networks estimates that this reduction in force will remove approximately 45% of base salary expense going forward. TerreStar Networks expects to incur a charge in connection with this action of approximately $6.2 million in the second quarter of 2008 relating to employee severance payments and benefits. This reduction will be completed by the end of June 30, 2008.

 

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements in Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”), other than purely historical information, including estimates, projections, statements relating to our business plans, objectives and expected operating results, and the assumptions upon which those statements are based, are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements generally are identified by the words “believe”, “project”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “intend”, “plan”, “may”, “should”, “will”, “would”, “will be”, “will continue”, “will likely result”, and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties which may cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Business Overview

TerreStar Corporation was incorporated in 1988 under the laws of the State of Delaware. TerreStar Corporation is in the integrated satellite wireless communications business through its ownership of TerreStar Networks Inc., its principal operating entity, and TerreStar Global Ltd. We changed our name from Motient Corporation to TerreStar Corporation in August 2007.

Our primary business is TerreStar Networks, a Reston, Virginia based future provider of advanced mobile satellite services for the North American market. Previously, we operated a two-way terrestrial wireless data communications service. On September 14, 2006, we sold most of the assets and liabilities relating to that business. Our historical financial statements present this terrestrial wireless business as a discontinued operation. Pursuant to such presentation, our current period continuing operations are reflected as a single operating unit.

As of March 31, 2008, we had two wholly-owned subsidiaries, MVH Holdings Inc. and Motient Holdings Inc., approximately an 88% interest in TerreStar Networks and an 86% interest in TerreStar Global. Additionally, we held approximately 28% non-voting interest in SkyTerra, a mobile satellite communications company. As of March 31, 2008, SkyTerra owned approximately 11% of TerreStar Networks common stock. As of January 1, 2008, we consolidated the results of TerreStar Canada into our financial statements.

Overview

TerreStar Networks Inc.

TerreStar Networks is our principal operating entity. In cooperation with its Canadian partner, 4371585 Communications and Company, Limited Partnership (“4371585 Communications”), formerly TMI Communications and Company, Limited Partnership, we plan to launch an innovative wireless communications system to provide mobile coverage throughout the U.S. and Canada using small, lightweight and inexpensive handsets similar to today’s mobile devices. This system build out will be based on an integrated satellite and ground-based technology which will provide service in most hard-to-reach areas and will provide a nationwide interoperable, survivable and critical communications infrastructure.

By offering mobile satellite service (“MSS”) using frequencies in the 2GHz band, which are part of what is often known as the “S-band”, in conjunction with ancillary terrestrial components (“ATC”), we can effectively deploy an integrated satellite and terrestrial wireless communications network. Our network would allow a user to utilize a mobile device that would communicate with a traditional land-based wireless network when in range of that network, but communicate with a satellite when not in range of such a land-based network. We intend to provide multiple communications applications, including voice, data and video services. Through TerreStar

 

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Networks, we are in the process of building our first satellite pursuant to a construction contract with Space Systems/Loral, Inc. (“Loral”). Once launched, our TerreStar-1 satellite, with an antenna approximately sixty feet across, will be able to communicate with standard wireless devices.

Our ability to offer these services depends on TerreStar Networks’ right to receive certain regulatory authorizations allowing it to provide MSS/ATC in the S-band. These authorizations are subject to various regulatory milestones relating to the construction, launch and operational date of the satellite system required to provide this service. We may be required to obtain additional approvals from national and local authorities in connection with the services that we wish to provide in the future. For example, in order to provide ATC in the United States and Canada we must file additional applications separately from our satellite authorizations. In addition, the manufacturers of our ATC user terminals and base stations will need to obtain FCC equipment certifications and similar certifications in Canada.

TerreStar Networks was initially created as a subsidiary of MSV established to, among other things, develop a satellite communications system using the S-band. On May 11, 2005, we acquired our ownership interest in TerreStar Networks when, in conjunction with a spin-off of TerreStar Networks to the owners of MSV, we purchased an additional $200 million of newly issued TerreStar Networks common stock. In conjunction with this transaction, TerreStar Networks also entered into an agreement with MSV’s wholly-owned subsidiary, ATC Technologies, LLC (“ATC Technologies”) pursuant to which TerreStar Networks has a perpetual, royalty-free license to utilize ATC Technologies’ patent portfolio in the S-band, including those patents related to ATC, which we anticipate will allow us to deploy a communications network that seamlessly integrates satellite and terrestrial communications, giving a user ubiquitous wireless coverage in the U.S. and Canada.

Since May 11, 2005, we have consolidated TerreStar Networks financial results in our financial statements.

Through TerreStar Networks, we plan to develop, build and operate an all IP-based 4G integrated satellite and terrestrial communications network to provide mobile communication services throughout the United States and Canada. Our network will address the growing demand for wireless mobile services across the government, commercial, and consumer segments. We plan to market these services on a wholesale basis to government agencies and commercial enterprises.

We have the right to use two 10 MHz blocks of contiguous and unshared MSS S-band spectrum covering a population of over 330 million throughout the United States and Canada. Our entire spectrum is eligible for ATC status. ATC authorization provides the ability to integrate terrestrial mobile services with MSS. We anticipate using this ATC authorization to create a two-way wireless communications network providing coverage, services and applications to mobile and portable wireless users. Our planned network is designed to allow an end user to seamlessly communicate with a terrestrial wireless network or our satellite through a conventional mobile device, optimizing service quality, continuity and geographic coverage.

We believe our planned all IP-based 4G network design will improve on existing network architecture and components to deliver greater network capacity, more efficiently and at a lower cost, than existing wireless networks. In December 2008, we plan to launch our first multi-spot beam geostationary satellite, TerreStar-1, which is designed so that the beams can be refocused dynamically. We are also currently developing a next-generation terrestrial network, which we believe will enable us to offer our integrated satellite/terrestrial service by the end of 2009. We are working with several vendors to develop a universal chipset architecture that can be incorporated into a wide range of mobile devices, including small, lightweight and inexpensive handsets.

We believe our network’s satellite and terrestrial mobile capabilities will serve the needs of various users, such as U.S. and Canadian government and emergency first responder personnel who require reliable, uninterrupted and interoperable connectivity that can be provided by an integrated satellite and terrestrial network. In October 2006, we entered into a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (“CRADA”) with the U.S. Defense Information System Agency (“DISA”) to jointly develop a North American emergency

 

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response communications network. We expect the CRADA to result in the development of products that will mutually benefit us and the U.S. government. We also believe that our planned network will appeal to a broad base of potential end users, customers and strategic partners, including those in the media, technology and communications sectors, logistics and distribution sectors and other sectors requiring uninterrupted wireless service.

Our Relationship with TerreStar Canada and 4371585 Communications

MSV formed TerreStar Networks in 2002 as a wholly-owned subsidiary and subsequently spun TerreStar Networks off to MSV’s owners, which included TMI Communications and Company, Limited Partnership (now known as “4371585 Communications”) and TerreStar Corporation or entities controlled by each. As part of the spin-off of TerreStar Networks, TMI Communications became contractually obligated to assign, subject to necessary regulatory approvals, its Industry Canada approval in principle to TerreStar Networks, or to an entity designated by TerreStar Networks that is eligible under Canadian law to hold the approval in principle. TerreStar Networks negotiated and committed, pursuant to a master agreement, to enter into the Transfer Agreements with TMI Communications (TMI Communications’ outstanding obligations under the Transfer Agreements were assumed by 4371585 Communications on December 20, 2007 as the transferee of TMI Communications’ interest in TerreStar Canada Holdings), TerreStar Canada, TerreStar Canada Holdings and certain other related parties (the “Transfer Agreements”) pursuant to which TerreStar will transfer TerreStar-1 to TerreStar Canada and TMI Communications effectuated the transfer of its Industry Canada approval in principle to TerreStar Canada and FCC authorization to TerreStar Networks. TMI Communications’ assignment of its Industry Canada approval to TerreStar Networks was authorized by Industry Canada on April 27, 2007. This authorization transferred the necessary approvals for TerreStar Canada to launch and operate a satellite at the 111.1 degrees west longitude orbital position in order to provide MSS in Canada. On October 10, 2007, Industry Canada clarified that the authorization as transferred included the authority to operate at 111.0 degrees west longitude. In order to comply with Canada’s telecommunications foreign ownership rules, title to TerreStar-1 is expected to be transferred to TerreStar Canada at the time that title would have otherwise transferred to TerreStar Networks under the terms of its satellite construction contract with Loral, as amended.

The Transfer Agreements also provide for, among other things, the license of certain intellectual property rights to TerreStar Canada, the grant to TerreStar Networks of an indefeasible right to use capacity on TerreStar-1, and the provision by TerreStar Networks to TerreStar Canada of various consulting and other services.

TerreStar Networks owns 20% of the voting equity of TerreStar Canada as well as 33 1/3% of the voting equity of TerreStar Canada Holdings, TerreStar Canada’s parent company. The remaining 80% of the voting equity of TerreStar Canada is held by TerreStar Canada Holdings and the remaining 66 2/3% of the voting equity of TerreStar Canada Holdings is held by 4371585 Communications. TerreStar Networks’ interests in TerreStar Canada and TerreStar Canada Holdings reflect the maximum foreign ownership levels currently permitted by applicable Canadian telecommunications foreign ownership rules. Effective January 1, 2008, TerreStar Corporation’s consolidated financial statements include TerreStar Canada, which is considered a variable interest entity under Financial Accounting Standards Boards Interpretation No. 46R, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities” (FIN46R).

Upon the receipt of approval from Industry Canada to transfer the Industry Canada approval in principle from TMI Communications to TerreStar Canada on April 27, 2007, (1) TerreStar Networks entered into a Shareholders’ Agreement, or the TerreStar Canada Shareholders’ Agreement, a Rights and Services Agreement, or the Rights and Services Agreement, a Guarantee and Share Pledge Agreement, or the TMI Guarantee and certain other Transfer Agreements, (2) TerreStar Canada executed a Guarantee in favor of TerreStar Networks, referred to as the TerreStar Canada Guarantee, and (3) TerreStar Networks and certain other parties entered into certain other Transfer Agreements. Set out below is a description of certain of the Transfer Agreements.

 

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Effective December 20, 2007, BCE completed a restructuring which resulted in TMI Communications transferring all of its shares of TerreStar Canada Holdings to 4371585 Communications. 4371585 Communications is a wholly-owned subsidiary of BCE.

In connection with the restructuring, TMI Communications entered into an Agreement to be Bound and Release dated December 20, 2007 pursuant to which TMI Communications agreed to transfer to 4371585 Communications its 66 2/3% interest in TerreStar Canada Holdings and 4371585 Communications agreed to become bound by the terms and conditions of the TerreStar Canada Shareholders’ Agreement. Further, pursuant to the Agreement to be Bound and Release, each of the parties to the TerreStar Canada Shareholders’ Agreement released and discharged TMI Communications from its obligations under the TerreStar Canada Shareholders’ Agreement.

TMI Communications also entered into a Joinder Agreement dated December 20, 2007 with 4371585 Communications, TerreStar Networks, TerreStar Canada and TerreStar Corporation, pursuant to which 4371585 Communications agreed to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Transfer Agreements to which TMI Communications was a party including, but not limited to, the TMI Guarantee, and the parties thereto agreed to release and discharge TMI Communications from its obligations under such Transfer Agreements.

TerreStar Global Ltd.

TerreStar Global was initially formed in 2005 as a wholly-owned subsidiary of TerreStar Networks. We have consolidated the financial results of TerreStar Global since its inception. In late 2006, TerreStar Networks spun-off TerreStar Global to its stockholders. As a result, TerreStar Corporation became the indirect majority holder of TerreStar Global. In connection with the spin-off, TerreStar Networks made capital contributions to TerreStar Global of $5 million. In late 2006, TerreStar Global also raised an additional $5 million through a rights offering from its shareholders, in proportion to their holdings, the majority of which came from TerreStar Corporation. As of March 31, 2008, TerreStar Corporation owned approximately 86% of the outstanding shares of TerreStar Global.

Through TerreStar Global, our goal is to build, own and operate a Pan-European integrated mobile satellite and terrestrial communications network to address public safety and disaster relief as well as provide broadband connectivity in rural regions to help narrow the digital divide. As Europe’s first next-generation integrated mobile satellite and terrestrial communication network, TerreStar Global plans to deliver universal access and tailored applications over a fully-optimized IP network.

On August 13, 2007, TerreStar Global issued a press release announcing that it intends to offer securities in a private offering. Neither the terms of the securities nor the amount of the proposed financing have been determined. As of March 31, 2008 this financing has not been completed. There can be no assurance that the financing will be completed. TerreStar Global intends to use the net proceeds from the offering to commence the construction of its satellite, to secure European 2GHz MSS S-band spectrum, and for general corporate purposes.

Current Year’s Developments

Acquisitions and Dispositions

During the first quarter of 2008, we exchanged approximately 2 million shares of our common stock for approximately 0.9 million shares of TerreStar Networks common stock and 0.3 million shares of TerreStar Global common stock with minority shareholders pursuant to an exchange agreement dated May 6, 2006. The exchange resulted in an allocation of approximately $7 million to intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Accordingly, our ownership interests in TerreStar Networks and TerreStar Global increased from approximately 86% and 85%, respectively, to approximately 88% and 86%, respectively, on a non-diluted basis as of March 31, 2008.

 

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As of March 31, 2008, we have restricted $221.6 million of our SkyTerra investment to represent the portion of our SkyTerra shares we plan to distribute as a dividend to our common shareholders and a reservation in the event that our Series A and B preferred holders convert to common stock.

TerreStar Notes

On February 14, 2007, TerreStar Networks issued $500 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured PIK Notes due 2014 (the “TerreStar Notes”) pursuant to an Indenture (the “Indenture”), dated as of February 14, 2007, among TerreStar Networks, as issuer, the guarantors from time to time party thereto (the “Guarantors”) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The TerreStar Notes bear interest from the date of issue at a rate of 15% per annum. If certain milestones are not met, additional interest of up to 1.5% per annum will accrue on the TerreStar Notes. These milestones are as follows:

 

   

entry into a bona fide binding agreement with the U.S. government to which TerreStar Networks will provide telecommunications services during a multi-year period and receive compensation;

 

   

entry into a bona fide binding agreement with a non-governmental entity to which TerreStar Networks will provide telecommunications services during a multi-year period and receive compensation; and

 

   

authorization by the FCC for TerreStar Networks to provide ATC in combination with our MSS by December 31, 2008.

Until and including February 15, 2011, interest on the TerreStar Notes will be payable in additional TerreStar Notes on each February 15 and August 15, starting August 15, 2007. Thereafter, interest on the TerreStar Notes will be payable in cash on February 15 and August 15, starting August 15, 2011. The TerreStar Notes are scheduled to mature on February 15, 2014.

The TerreStar Notes are secured by a first priority security interest in the assets of TerreStar Networks, subject to certain exceptions, pursuant to a U.S. Security Agreement (the “Security Agreement”), dated as of February 14, 2007, among TerreStar Networks, as issuer, and any entities that may become Guarantors (as defined in the Indenture) in the future under the Indenture in favor of U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent.

In connection with the issuance of the TerreStar Notes, TerreStar Corporation (then Motient Corporation) and its indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, Motient Venture Holdings Inc. (“MVH”), and TerreStar Networks entered into a letter agreement dated February 14, 2007 (the “Motient Funding Agreement”), pursuant to which MVH agreed to contribute to TerreStar Networks, at MVH’s option, either (i) 8.6 million shares of common stock issued by SkyTerra (such shares, the “SkyTerra Shares”) or (ii) cash in an amount equal to the proceeds (net of selling expenses and taxes) from the sale of the SkyTerra Shares to one or more third party buyers, in either case in exchange for a number of shares of common stock of TerreStar Networks equal to the product of (A) (x) the average of the bid and ask prices for one SkyTerra Share at the close of trading on the last trading day prior to the day of such contribution divided by (y) the fair market value of one share of TerreStar Networks common stock at the close of trading on such last trading day prior to the day of such contribution (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors of TerreStar Networks) multiplied by (B) 8,644,406. Such contribution will be made either (i) upon TerreStar Networks’ demand at any time after the earlier of the date on which MVH’s equity interest in TerreStar Networks equals or exceeds 80% or October 31, 2007 or (ii) at any time at MVH’s option.

The Motient Funding Agreement also provides for the grant by MVH of a security interest in the SkyTerra Shares and the proceeds thereof to TerreStar Networks. TerreStar Networks’ interest under the Motient Funding Agreement is pledged under the U.S. Security Agreement.

 

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The TerreStar Notes are guaranteed (the “Guarantees”) on a senior secured basis by TerreStar Canada Holdings and TerreStar Canada. The Guarantees are secured by a first priority security interest in the assets of TerreStar Canada Holdings and TerreStar Canada, subject to certain exceptions, pursuant to a Canadian Security Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2007, among TerreStar Canada Holdings, TerreStar Canada and U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent.

The TerreStar Notes are the senior secured obligations of TerreStar Networks and will rank senior to its future debt that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the TerreStar Notes. The TerreStar Notes rank equally with all of TerreStar Networks’ future liabilities, and would be structurally subordinated to all the liabilities of any of TerreStar Networks’ future subsidiaries that do not guarantee the TerreStar Notes.

The Guarantees are the senior secured obligations of TerreStar Canada Holdings and TerreStar Canada and rank senior to all of their existing and future debt that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Guarantees. The Guarantees rank equally with all of the existing and future liabilities of TerreStar Canada Holdings and TerreStar Canada that are not so subordinated.

On February 15, 2008, $40.3 million of interest was converted into additional TerreStar Notes in accordance with the Indenture agreement. As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the carrying value of the TerreStar Notes was $588.9 million and $568 million including accrued interest.

The TerreStar Notes are carried at cost on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The aggregate fair value of the TerreStar Notes as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 is approximately $518.2 million and $599.2 million, respectively.

On February 5, 2008, TerreStar Corporation and TerreStar Networks entered into a Master Investment Agreement (the “EchoStar Investment Agreement”), with EchoStar Corporation (“EchoStar”). The EchoStar Investment Agreement provided for, among other things, purchase by EchoStar of $50 million of TerreStar Notes (“TerreStar Notes Add-On”) in accordance with the First Supplemental Indenture dated February 7, 2008.

The TerreStar Notes Add-On are the same securities as TerreStar Networks’ currently outstanding TerreStar Notes. The TerreStar Notes Add-On bear interest from the February 7, 2008 at a rate of 15% per annum. If certain milestones are not met, additional interest of up to 1.5% per annum will accrue on the TerreStar Notes Add-On. Until and including February 15, 2011, interest on the TerreStar Notes will be payable in additional TerreStar Notes on each February 15 and August 15, starting February 15, 2008. Thereafter, interest on the TerreStar Notes will be payable in cash on February 15 and August 15, starting August 15, 2011. The TerreStar Notes Add-On are scheduled to mature on February 15, 2014.

The TerreStar Notes Add-On would, together with the outstanding TerreStar Notes, have a first lien security interest on substantially all TerreStar Networks’ assets, subject to certain exceptions and permitted liens each as provided in the existing Indenture governing the outstanding TerreStar Notes.

The TerreStar Notes Add-On were issued at an Issue Price of 93%, resulting in a discount on debt of $3.5 million. The debt discount is being accreted using the effective interest method over the term of the notes (6 years). For the three-month period ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company accreted $60,000 and zero, respectively, of debt discount related to the TerreStar Notes Add-On.

On February 15, 2008, $0.2 million of interest was converted into additional TerreStar Notes Add-On in accordance with the Indenture agreement. As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the carrying value of the TerreStar Notes Add-On, net of discount including accrued interest was $47.7 million and zero, respectively.

The TerreStar Notes Add-On are carried at cost on the consolidated balance sheets. The aggregate fair value of the TerreStar Notes Add-On as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007 is approximately $45 million and zero, respectively.

 

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TerreStar Exchangeable Notes

The EchoStar Investment Agreement also provided for the purchase by EchoStar of $50 million of TerreStar Networks’ newly issued 6.5% Senior Exchangeable PIK Notes due 2014, exchangeable for TerreStar Corporation common stock, at a conversion price of $5.57 per share (the “TerreStar Exchangeable Notes”). In addition, on February 5, 2008, TerreStar Corporation and TerreStar Networks entered into a Master Investment Agreement (the “Harbinger Investment Agreement”), with certain affiliates of Harbinger Capital Partners (“Harbinger”). The Harbinger Investment Agreement provided for, among other things, purchase by Harbinger of $50 million of TerreStar Exchangeable Notes. In connection with the foregoing transactions, certain of our existing investors entered into separate investment agreements (“Shareholder Investment Agreements”) to purchase in the aggregate $50 million of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes.

On February 7, 2008, TerreStar Networks issued $150 million aggregate principal amount of Exchangeable PIK Notes due 2014 pursuant to an Indenture (the “Indenture”), among TerreStar Networks, TerreStar Corporation and certain subsidiaries, as issuer, the guarantors from time to time party thereto (the “Guarantors”) and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The TerreStar Exchangeable Notes bear interest from the February 7, 2008 at a rate of 6-1/2% per annum, payable quarterly. The per annum interest rate applicable to the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes will increase by 100 bps upon failure by TerreStar Corporation to file an information statement in connection with obtaining stockholder approval with the SEC by February 29, 2008 and will increase by an additional 100 bps upon failure to mail the information statement by April 20, 2008, in each case until the date of stockholder approval. This information statement was filed with the SEC on February 29, 2008. Until and including June 15, 2011, interest on the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes will be payable in additional TerreStar Exchangeable Notes quarterly, starting March 15, 2008. Thereafter, interest on the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes will be payable in cash quarterly, starting June 15, 2011. The TerreStar Exchangeable Notes are scheduled to mature on June 15, 2014.

The TerreStar Exchangeable Notes would rank senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness; and Pari-passu with all other unsubordinated indebtedness. The TerreStar Exchangeable Notes are guaranteed by subsidiaries of TerreStar Networks.

On March 15, 2008, $1.0 million of interest was converted into additional TerreStar Exchangeable Notes in accordance with the Indenture agreement. As of March 31, 2008, the carrying value of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes was $151.4 million including accrued interest.

The Exchangeable Notes have a registration rights agreement whereby TerreStar Corporation agreed to use its reasonable efforts to cause a shelf registration statement to be filed within 30 days of stockholder approval (or 0.25% additional interest is payable in cash) and declared effective within 90 days (or 0.5% additional interest is payable in cash). The maximum amount of additional interest expense the Company would incur would be approximately $9.7 million through the maturity of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes. The Company currently believes that it is not probable it will be required to remit any additional interest to the holders of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes for failing to obtain an effective registration statement.

The Company analyzed the conversion feature of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes using the guidance of EITF No. 00-19 – “Accounting For Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock” and determined that the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes are non-conventional. The conversion option was further analyzed, and the Company determined that all of the criteria of EITF 00-19 were met and consequently, the conversion option, relative to the corresponding notes, was accounted for as an embedded equity derivative.

The TerreStar Exchangeable Notes are carried at cost on the condensed consolidated balance sheets which approximates fair market value.

 

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TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility

On February 5, 2008, we entered into a $100 million TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility among TerreStar Networks, as the borrower, the guarantors party thereto from time to time, U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent, and Harbinger and EchoStar, as lenders.

Amounts outstanding under the TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility will bear interest at a rate of 14% per annum. Such interest rate will be increased by 1% from May 1, 2008 onward until the necessary shareholder approvals are effective. Maturity date is the earlier of (a) February 5, 2013 or (b) July 23, 2008 if certain approvals are not obtained as of that date.

The TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility contains several restrictive covenants customary for credit facilities of this type, including, but not limited to the following: limitations on incurrence of additional indebtedness, limitation on liens, limitation on asset sales of collateral and limitation on transactions with affiliates. The TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility also contains certain events of default customary for credit facilities of this type (with customary grace periods, as applicable). If any events of default occur and are not cured within the applicable grace periods or waived, the outstanding loans may be accelerated. The financing will be advanced as required and used to fund the completion of the TerreStar-2 satellite.

Initial draw down occurred on March 25, 2008, for $13.4 million at an interest rate of 14% related to a payment to Loral for TerreStar-2 (Satellite construction in progress). The TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility is carried at cost on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, which approximates fair market value.

Other Agreements and Contracts

On October 22, 2007, TerreStar Networks entered into a Master Services Agreement with Bechtel Communications, Inc. (“Bechtel”). Under the agreement, Bechtel will provide services related to site acquisition and construction of TerreStar Networks’ terrestrial network (“Radio Access Network” or “RAN”) in the Baltimore, Maryland and Washington, District of Columbia area. Bechtel will also provide program management services coordinating the overall installation and commissioning activities of TerreStar Networks’ other vendors involved in the RAN deployment. As of December 31, 2007, TerreStar Networks expected to purchase approximately $72 million worth of Bechtel’s services under this agreement over 24 months. As of March 31, 2008, we deferred the RAN Terrestrial Network build and we do not expect to incur any additional cost under this contract.

Investments

We have historically accounted for our investment in MSV using the equity method, and our investment in SkyTerra under APB18 using the cost method.

In 2006, the Company entered into the MSV Exchange Agreement, pursuant to which the Company agreed to exchange all of its interests in MSV and all of our shares of Mobile Satellite Ventures GP Inc. for approximately 47.9 million shares of non-voting common stock of SkyTerra in one or more closings. As part of the agreement, the Company agreed to use its commercially reasonable efforts to distribute approximately 25.5 million SkyTerra shares to its common stockholders and approximately 4.4 million to preferred stockholders, to the extent the preferred holders convert to common stock. In September 2006, the Company exchanged approximately 60% of its MSV interests for approximately 29.1 million shares of SkyTerra non-voting common stock, of which 3.6 million were sold shortly thereafter.

In 2007, we exchanged approximately 6.7 million limited partnership units of MSV for approximately 18.8 million shares of SkyTerra non-voting common stock. As a result of this exchange the historical cost basis of $177.6 million transferred from our investment in MSV to our investment in SkyTerra in accordance with Accounting Principles Board No. 29, “Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions” (APB 29).

 

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As of March 31, 2008, we have restricted the entire amount of our remaining SkyTerra investment totaling $222 million which include the portion of our SkyTerra shares that we plan to distribute as a dividend to our shareholders as well as the shares we are holding for any Preferred shareholders who may convert to common stock in the future. The dividend liability as of March 31, 2008 is $183 million based on our obligation to dividend 25.5 million shares to our shareholders. The remaining unrestricted portion of our SkyTerra investment representing 14.4 million shares of non-voting common stock was sold on February 6, 2008 to Harbinger for an aggregate sales price of $76 million. We recognized a loss on the sale of the SkyTerra investment of $27.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Our SkyTerra ownership interest was 28% as of March 31, 2008.

Discontinued Operations—Two-Way Terrestrial Wireless Data Communications Business

In September 2006, various wholly-owned subsidiaries of TerreStar Corporation sold, pursuant to an asset purchase agreement (the “Agreement”) with Geologic Solutions, Inc. (“GeoLogic”) and Logo Acquisition Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of GeoLogic (“Logo”), to Logo most of the assets relating to TerreStar Corporation’s terrestrial DataTac network and its TerreStar Corporation platform (the “Terrestrial Wireless Business”). Logo assumed most of the post-closing liabilities relating to the Terrestrial Wireless Business. The assets and liabilities being transferred were limited to those that relate to the current operations of TerreStar Corporation’s terrestrial wireless network, and do not include any assets or liabilities related to TerreStar Networks or MSV. Under the Agreement, Logo paid TerreStar Corporation the sum of $1 in cash, plus assumed most of the post-closing liabilities associated with the purchased assets, as well as certain of the costs of the employees that Logo transitioned from TerreStar Corporation Also, GeoLogic guaranteed Logo’s performance of any indemnification obligations to TerreStar Corporation under the Agreement. Our historical financial statements reflect this business as a discontinued operation.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Estimates

The preparation of financial statements requires management to use judgment and make estimates. The level of uncertainty in estimates and assumptions increases with the length of time until the underlying transactions are completed. Actual results could ultimately differ from those estimates. The accounting policies that are most critical in the preparation of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements are those that are both important to the presentation of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and require significant or complex judgments and estimates on the part of management.

Valuation of Long-lived Assets Including Intangible Assets

A significant portion of our total assets are long-lived assets primarily consisting of property and equipment and intangible assets. Property and equipment, or P&E, consists of network, lab, office and computer equipment, internal use software and leasehold improvements. Intangible assets consists of definite lived intangible assets related to Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) spectrum clearing frequencies and other intellectual property that were obtained in connection with several exchange transactions of the Company’s common stock for TerreStar Networks common stock with shareholders pursuant to an exchange agreement entered into in 2006.

As of March 31, 2008, property and equipment and intangibles represented $628 million and $215 million, respectively, of our total assets of $1.4 billion. We calculate depreciation and amortization on long-lived assets using the straight-line method based on the estimated economic useful lives as follows:

 

Long Lived Assets

 

Estimated Useful Life

   

Network, lab and office equipment

  5 years  

Computers, software and equipment

  3 years  

Leasehold improvements

  Lesser of lease term or estimated useful life  

Definite lived intangible assets

  15 years  

Satellite and Terrestrial Network Assets
Under Construction

  15 years   (to begin at launch)

 

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We evaluate whether long-lived assets have been impaired when circumstances indicate the carrying value of those assets may not be recoverable. For such long-lived assets, impairment exists when its carrying value exceeds the sum of estimates of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. When alternative courses of action to recover the carrying amount of a long-lived asset are under consideration, a probability-weighted approach is used for developing estimates of future undiscounted cash flows. If the carrying value of the long-lived asset is not recoverable based on these estimated future undiscounted cash flows, the impairment is measured as the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value, such that the asset’s carrying value is adjusted to its estimated fair value.

As of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we recorded a total of $628 million and $571 million of net property and equipment, respectively. In addition as of March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we recorded $215 million and $212 million of net intangible assets, respectively. The intangible assets that we have recorded represent the rights to receive licenses in the 2 GHz band and other intellectual property. These intangible assets are being amortized over an average life of 15 years. There was no excess purchase price over the estimated fair values of the underlying assets and liabilities consolidated into our financial statements.

We utilized numerous assumptions and estimates in applying our valuation methodologies and in projecting future operating characteristics for our business enterprise. In general, we considered population, market penetration, products and services offered, unit prices, operating expenses, depreciation, taxes, capital expenditures and working capital. We also considered competition, satellite and wireless communications industry projections and trends, regulations and general economic conditions. In the application of our valuation methodologies, we apply certain royalty and discount rates that are based on analyses of public company information, assessment of risk and other factors and estimates.

Our initial valuation of our intellectual property rights was determined utilizing a form of the income approach referred to as the relief from royalty valuation method. We assumed a 10% to 12% royalty rate applied to a projected revenue stream generated by a hypothetical licensee utilizing such intellectual property rights. The projected revenue was based on a business case for the operations and consisted of the following principal assumptions and estimates:

 

   

A 20 year forecast period.

 

   

Specific cash outflows in the first four years of the forecast period to account for our portion of satellite design, construction and launch expenditures.

 

   

Annual population growth of 1.6% based on U.S. Census Bureau estimates of the U.S. population in 2004.

 

   

Market penetration assumptions of zero to 7% to 12% over the forecast period, depending on the specific market and when the market is launched.

 

   

Average monthly revenue per customer of $40.00 when services are launched, increasing to $44.50 over the forecast period. This increase equates to a compound annual growth rate of 0.6%. A substantial portion of this revenue is generated by the terrestrial component (rather than the satellite component) of the ATC network.

 

   

Tax rate of 40% after the consumption of net operating losses.

 

   

A 25% discount rate based on a weighted average cost of capital (WACC) determined by analyzing and weighting the cost of capital for a peer group of publicly traded satellite service providers, wireless communications companies and telecommunications companies in general.

Our initial valuation of our spectrum assets is based on a form of the income approach known as the “Build-Out Method”. The method applies a discounted cash flow framework to our “build-out” business case. This build-out approach is intended to incorporate all of historical and future development costs, as well as projected revenues, operating expenses and cash flows generated from the build-out of a hybrid satellite and

 

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terrestrial communications systems utilizing our frequency assets. This “build-out method” business case and the applied discounted cash flow valuation consisted of the following principal assumptions and estimates:

 

   

A 20-year forecast period, comprised of a high growth period for the first 10 years and a declining growth period beginning in year 11, and a terminal period to perpetuity.

 

   

Development cash outflows and capital expenditures related to the design and construction of two satellites in the first 3 years of the forecast period and the launch of one of these satellites in the fourth year of the forecast period. Replacement costs for the construction and launch of one satellite are included in the declining growth period.

 

   

Satellite only revenues based on market size data for traditional satellite segments (maritime, fleet management, public safety, telematics and aeronautical) compiled generally by third party research groups and penetration estimates of 10% to 40% of our potential customer base, depending on the specific market segment addressed over the 20 year forecast period.

 

   

Terrestrial revenues calculated as 11% of the total revenues generated by a joint or strategic partner with whom TerreStar would intend to deploy a terrestrial infrastructure and launch terrestrial services. Total partnership revenues are based on (i) market penetration assumptions of zero to 7 to 12% over the forecast period depending on the specific city and when the city is launched, (ii) average monthly revenue per customer of $40.00 when services are launched, increasing to $44.50 over the forecast period. This increase equates to a compound annual growth rate of 0.6%.

 

   

Operating expenses covering the operation of satellite facilities. These include a network operations center, tracking, telemetry and command systems, interconnect costs, in-orbit insurance, technical staff, and general and administrative personnel Under the projected expense structure, EBITDA margins grow to 60% early in the forecast period and expand to 70% later in the forecast period.

 

   

All capital expenditures required to design and construct two satellites and launch one satellite during the first four years of the forecast period. Additional capital expenditures for constructing ground station segments and investing in handset development.

 

   

Tax rate of 40% after the consumption of net operating losses generated in the early years of the forecast period.

 

   

A 19 to 21% discount rate based on a weighted average cost of capital, or WACC, determined by analyzing and weighting the cost of capital for a peer group of publicly traded satellite service providers, wireless communications companies and telecommunications companies in general, with more weight given to traditional satellite service providers. A terminal value calculated using a WACC of 12% and a perpetuity growth rate of 2.5%.

As we stated in the footnotes to our consolidated financial statements we evaluate whether long-lived and intangible assets, excluding goodwill, have been impaired when circumstances indicate the carrying value of those assets may not be recoverable. For such assets, an impairment exists when its carrying value exceeds the sum of estimates of the undiscounted cash flows expense to result from the use and eventual disposition of the assets. When there is an alternative course of action to recover the carrying value amounts of assets under consideration, a probability-weighted approach is used for developing estimates of future undiscounted cash flows.

We continue to rely on our “build-out” business case for the purpose of determining fair value as it relates to our property and equipment and our intangible assets. This build-out methodology incorporates historical and currently estimated future development costs, as well as projected revenues, operating expenses and cash flows generated from an integrated satellite and terrestrial communications systems utilizing the Company’s frequency assets. Our future estimates are evolving with our understanding of market conditions, vendor platform availability, changes in product offerings, and industry standards. These projections continue to take into account general mobile communications business factors such as population, market penetration, product features, unit

 

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prices, operating expenses, depreciation, taxes, capital expenditures, and working capital, as well as general economic factors such as wireless industry trends and macroeconomic conditions.

We have also incorporated a number of firm-specific factors in our current analysis. These include prospects for a wider and more rapid acceptance of our satellite only product offering, investments in our handset allowing a more gradual roll-out of our next-generation terrestrial network, and the ability to partner with carriers to leverage existing terrestrial network infrastructure. In addition, the dominance of incumbent wireless carriers in the recently concluded 700MHz auction changes the nature and scope of partnership discussions with companies seeking to enter the mobile communications market.

We have historically accounted for our investment in MSV using the equity method, and our investment in SkyTerra under APB 18 using the cost method. At each reporting period, we evaluate our investment in SkyTerra and the related dividend liability for other than temporary impairment. Although our investment in common stock of SkyTerra is non-voting, we determine fair value of our investment based on the trading prices of SkyTerra shares as listed on the OTC Bulletin Board (“SKYT”). If an “other than temporary impairment” is found to exist at the end of each reporting period, we reduce the carrying value of both our investment in SkyTerra and the amount of the liability that we have recorded for the dividend of those shares.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 was initially effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years.

However, in February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) No. 157-1, “Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value Measurements for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurements under Statement 13.” FSP 157-1 amends SFAS 157, “Fair Value Measurements”, to exclude FASB Statement No. 13, “Accounting for Leases” and other accounting pronouncements that address fair value measurements for purposes of lease classification or measurement under Statement No. 13.

Additionally, in February, 2008, the FASB issued FSP 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157”. FSP 157-2 provides a one-year deferral of the effective date of Statement 157 for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed in financial statements at fair value at least annually. For non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities subject to the deferral, Statement 157 will be effective in fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 and in interim periods within those fiscal years.

Since SFAS 157 is deferred until December 31, 2008 for non-financial assets and liabilities, it is not being applied to the Company’s financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2008.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.” SFAS 159 provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Furthermore, SFAS 159 establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between companies that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. At the effective date, an entity may elect the fair value option for eligible items that exist at that date. The effect of the re-measurement is reported as a cumulative-effect adjustment to opening retained earnings. SFAS 159 is not currently being applied to the Company’s financial statements for the three months ended March 31, 2008.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements—An Amendment of ARB No. 51”. SFAS No. 160 requires the recognition of a non-controlling

 

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interest (minority interest) as equity in the consolidated financial statements and separate from the parent’s equity. The amount of net income attributable to the non-controlling interest will be included in consolidated net income on the face of the income statement. SFAS No. 160 clarifies that changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are equity transactions if the parent retains its controlling financial interest. In addition, this statement requires that a parent recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. Such gain or loss will be measured using the fair value of the non-controlling equity investment on the deconsolidation date. SFAS No. 160 also includes expanded disclosure requirements regarding the interests of the parent and its non-controlling interest. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early adoption is prohibited. The potential impact, if any, of the adoption of SFAS No. 160 on our consolidated financial statements is currently not determined.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141 (revised), “Business Combinations” which replaces FASB Statement No. 141, and applies to all business entities, including mutual entities that previously used the pooling-of-interests method of accounting for certain business combinations. This Statement makes significant amendments to other Statements and other authoritative guidance, and applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not apply it before that date. This statement is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. This Statement establishes, among other things, the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and for hedging activities. SFAS No. 161 amends and expands the disclosure requirements of Statement No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”. This Statement requires qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative agreements. This Statement shall be effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. Early application is encouraged. This statement is not expected to have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Results of Operations—Consolidated

Three Months Ended March 31, 2008 and 2007

Operating Expenses

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2008    2007    Change
2008 vs. 2007
    % Change
2008 vs. 2007
 
     (in thousands)  

General and administrative (1)

   $ 31,598    $ 18,306    $ 13,292     72.6 %

Research and development

     30,142      11,158      18,984     170.1 %

Depreciation and amortization

     5,454      3,298      2,156     65.4 %

Loss on impairment of intangibles

     —        6,200      (6,200 )   -100.0 %
                        

Total operating expenses

   $ 67,194    $ 38,962    $ 28,232     72.5 %
                        

 

(1)

For the three months ended March 31, 2008, general and administrative expense includes approximately $2.1 million and $0.3 million of stock compensation expense related to employee stock options and director’s compensation expense, respectively.

General and administrative: Our general and administrative expenses increased by $13.3 million or 72.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. The change is attributed to an increase of $1.6 million in stock compensation, an increase of $1.4 million in consulting fees related to

 

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engineering, marketing and systems development costs, an increase of $3.0 million related to salaries and benefits, and other employee related costs, an increase of $4.0 million in network deployment costs, an increase of $1.8 million in collocation, tower site and calibration earth station costs, an increase of $0.2 million in audit, taxes and accounting fees, an increase of $0.3 million in marketing costs, an increase of $0.6 million in facilities costs and an increase of $0.3 million in other operating expenses.

Research and development costs: Research and development costs increased by $19.0 million or 170.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. The increase is primarily to support the development of our satellite and terrestrial systems.

Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization increased by $2.1 million or 65.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. The increase represents a $0.8 million increase in depreciation and a $1.3 million increase in amortization. In 2007, we engaged in several exchange transactions of our common stock for TerreStar Networks common stock with minority interest shareholders. The common stock exchanges resulted in an allocation of $82.9 million to intangible assets, including the tax effect. Also, in 2008 an additional $7.3 million was allocated to intangible assets resulting from common stock exchanges. Additionally, property and equipment, net increase to $628.3 million as of March 31, 2008 as compared to $378.6 million as of March 31, 2007.

Loss on impairment of intangibles: The loss on impairment of intangibles decreased by $6.2 million or 100% for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007 because there were no losses in the 2008 period.

Other Expenses and Income

 

     Three Months Ended March 31,  
     2008     2007     Change
2008 vs. 2007
    % Change
2008 vs. 2007
 
     (in thousands)  

Interest expense

   $ (10,359 )   $ (19,155 )   $ 8,796     -45.9 %

Other expense

     (6 )     —         (6 )   NM  

Interest and other income

     1,229       5,360       (4,131 )   -77.1 %

Equity in losses of MSV

     —         (3,016 )     3,016     -100.0 %

Loss on sale of SkyTerra investments

     (27,374 )     —         (27,374 )   NM  

Minority interests in losses of TerreStar Networks

     8,376       7,529       847     11.2 %

Minority interests in losses of TerreStar Global

     —         368       (368 )   -100.0 %

Decrease in dividend liability

     —         40,473       (40,473 )   -100.0 %

Other than temporary impairment-SkyTerra

     —         (58,937 )     58,937     -100.0 %

 

NM: Not Meaningful

Interest expense: Interest expense decreased by $8.8 million, or 45.9%, for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. The change is attributed primarily to the write-off of approximately $6 million of financing fees related to the repayment of our Senior Secured Notes during the first quarter 2007 and payment of call premiums of approximately $2 million related to the payoff.

Interest and other income: Interest and other income decreased by $4.1 million, or 77.1%, for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. The decrease primarily relates to the change in our cash and cash equivalent accounts.

Equity in losses of MSV: Equity losses of MSV decreased by $3 million, or 100%, for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. Since November 30, 2007, our ownership interest in MSV is zero.

 

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Loss on investments: The loss on investments increased by $27.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. In February 2008, we sold 14.4 million SkyTerra shares, and as a result, we recognized a loss of $27.4 million.

Minority interest in losses of TerreStar Networks: For the three months ended March 31, 2008, we recorded approximately $68.3 million net loss for TerreStar Networks. The $8.2 million minority interest in TerreStar Networks represents the 14.0% to 11.0% investment in TerreStar Networks that was not owned by us throughout 2008.

Other than temporary impairment-SkyTerra: The other than temporary impairment-SkyTerra decreased by $58.9 million, or 100%, for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007. We determined that no impairment was required as of March 31, 2008.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

In assessing our liquidity, we monitor and analyze our cash on-hand and our operating and capital expenditure commitments. Our principal liquidity needs are to meet our working capital requirements, operating expenses and capital expenditure obligations. Based on our current business plan, we believe that we have sufficient liquidity required to conduct operations into the second quarter of 2009. We will likely face a cash deficit beyond the second quarter of 2009 unless we obtain additional capital. We cannot guarantee that financing sources will be available on favorable terms or at all.

Our principal sources of liquidity consist of our existing cash on hand and our recently secured $100 million TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2008, including restricted cash, we had $289 million of cash on hand. Additionally, approximately $86 million remains available under our TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility which provides funding for payments related to the construction of TerreStar-2.

Our short-term liquidity needs are driven by our satellite system construction contracts, the development of terrestrial infrastructure and networks, and the design and development of our handset and chipset. As of March 31, 2008, we had contractual obligations of $225 million due within one year, consisting of approximately $163 million related to our satellite system, $54 million related to our handset, chipset, and terrestrial network, and $7 million for operating leases. In addition, we expect to spend between $40 and $50 million to obtain satellite launch insurance prior to the launch of our TerreStar-1 satellite. Our contractual obligations as of March 31, 2008 due within one year have decreased by approximately $100 million as compared to our anticipated contractual obligations due within one year as of December 31, 2007. We have deferred the deployment of portions of our terrestrial network build and ended one of our contractual commitments related to the Radio Access Network (RAN) construction. We removed these contractual commitments from our table as of March 31, 2008, but we may elect to restart them in the future under new contracts. Beyond twelve months, we may delay implementation of portions of the city-by-city construction of our terrestrial RAN network and delay delivery of related equipment, thereby deferring some of these contractual commitments. In addition, we may defer portions of the future handset and chipset development projects which relate to second and third generation versions.

In April 2008, TerreStar Networks implemented certain cost reduction measures including a headcount reduction of 79 management and non-management positions across the company. This reduction will account for savings of approximately 45 percent in base salary expenses. TerreStar Networks expects a charge in connection with this action of approximately $6.2 million in the second quarter of 2008 relating to employee severance payments and benefits.

We will need to secure significant funding in the future in order to satisfy our contractual obligations and complete the construction, deployment, and rollout of our planned network. We intend to fund our long-term liquidity needs related to operations and ongoing network deployment through the incurrence of indebtedness, equity financings or a combination of these potential sources of liquidity. While we believe that these sources

 

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will provide sufficient liquidity for us to meet our future liquidity and capital obligations, our ability to fund these needs will depend on our future performance, which will be subject in part to general economic, financial, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control, including trends in our industry and technology developments. However, we may not be able to obtain this additional financing on terms acceptable to us or at all.

Historically, we have relied on external funding through the issuance of debt and equity securities to fund operations. The existing indentures relating to our outstanding debt securities contain covenants that may impact our liquidity needs or limit our ability to incur future indebtedness. Specifically, the indentures governing our TerreStar Exchangeable Notes and TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility, which were completed in early February 2008, require certain shareholder approvals by late July 2008 or we may be forced to accelerate repayment of the notes.

As part of the closing conditions of the sales of the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes, we obtained the requisite shareholder consents to approve the required corporate actions in connection with the foregoing transactions from Harbinger and the other institutional investors who purchased the notes. As of February 7, 2008 Harbinger and the other institutional investors, who were also our shareholders held 53.4% of our common shares. We believe that such shareholder approval will be effective on or before the July 23, 2008 milestone date.

Summary of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, (in thousands):

 

     Three Months Ended
March 31,
 
     2008     2007  
     (in thousands)  

Net cash used in Operating Activities

   $ (56,445 )   $ (33,239 )

Net cash used in Investing Activities

     46,336       (83,445 )

Cash flows from Financing Activities:

    

Net proceeds from issuance of debt and equity securities

     195,732       501,428  

Proceeds from TerreStar-2 purchase money credit facility

     13,375       —    

Repayments of the Senior Secured Notes

       (200,000 )

Payments for capital lease obligations

     (13 )     —    

Debt and Equity issuance costs and other charges

     (2,060 )     (13,253 )
                

Net cash provided by Financing Activities

     207,034       288,175  

Net cash provided by continuing operations

     196,925       171,491  

Net cash used in discontinued operating activities

     (4 )     (9 )

Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued investing activities

     (19 )     280  
                

Net cash provided by (used in) discontinued operations

     (23 )     271  

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

     196,902       171,762  

Cash and Cash Equivalents, beginning of period

     89,134       171,665  
                

Cash and Cash Equivalents, end of period

   $ 286,036     $ 343,427  
                

 

NM: Not Meaningful

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities increased by $23.2 million compared to the first quarter of 2007. The change in operating activities is attributed to an increase of $13 million related to general and administrative expenses, an increase of approximately $18 million related to research and development costs, and offset by a decrease of $7 million in interest paid.

 

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Net change in assets and liabilities during the three months ended March 31, 2008 of $6.2 million was primarily due to an increase of $4.5 million in accrued interest, an increase of $3.5 million in other current assets, offset by a decrease of $2.5 million in accounts payable and accrued expenses.

Investing Activities

Net cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2008 was $46.3 million as compared to $83.4 million used in investing activities for the same period in 2007. The increase of $129.8 million in net cash used for investing activities was primarily attributable to the proceeds of $76 million from the sale of SkyTerra shares, a reduction in capital expenditures of $72 million, a reduction of $25 million from proceeds of restricted cash for investments and a reduction of $6 million in payments to Loral for satellite construction.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $207 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 as compared to the $288 million for the same period in 2007. In the three months ended March 31, 2008, we raised net proceeds of approximately $200 million from the Echostar and Harbinger Investment Agreements. In the three months ended March 31, 2007, we raised net proceeds of approximately $287 million from the issuance of the TerreStar Notes.

Debt Obligations

Refer to the discussion in the overview section regarding the TerreStar Notes, the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes, and the TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility.

Deferred Issuance Costs

The Company paid fees of $14.2 million in association with the TerreStar Notes as of March 31, 2008. The fees are being amortized over the life of the notes. Amortization of approximately $0.5 million and $0.3 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

The Company incurred fees of $5.3 million in association with the TerreStar Notes Add-On, TerreStar Exchangeable Notes and TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility as of March 31, 2008. The fees are being amortized over the life of the notes. Amortization of approximately $0.1 and zero was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Contractual Cash Obligations

As of March 31, 2008, TerreStar has preferred stock obligations for its Series A and B Preferred Stock. If not converted, the entire Series A and B preferred stock amount of $408 million will be due on April 15, 2010. Dividend payments on the Series A and B are due bi-annually in April and October, payable in cash (at a 5.25% annual interest rate) or in common stock (at a 6.25% annual interest rate) through April 15, 2010. Additionally, the Company has the following contractual commitments and debt obligations as of March 31, 2008:

 

     TOTAL    < 1 yr    1-3 yrs    3-5 yrs    5+ yrs
     (in thousands)

TerreStar Satellites (1,2)

   $ 284,688    $ 163,230    $ 49,880    $ 7,251    $ 64,327

Leases

     19,076      7,411      8,460      3,022      183

Network Equipment and Services

     436,422      53,878      382,544      —        —  

Debt Obligations (3)

     1,699,343      —        1,688      328,181      1,369,474
                                  

Total

   $ 2,439,529    $ 224,519    $ 442,572    $ 338,454    $ 1,433,984
                                  

 

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(1)

Includes approximately $6 million remaining of construction payments and approximately $55 million of orbital incentive payments for TerreStar I if the satellite operates properly over its expected life. Includes approximately $63 million remaining for construction of TerreStar-2 and approximately $48 million of orbital incentives and $12 million for storage.

 

(2)

We expect to pay $40—$50 million for satellite launch insurance, which is not under contract and not included in the table.

 

(3)

Debt Obligations are composed of our $550 million TerreStar Notes due 2014, our $150 million TerreStar Exchangeable Notes due 2014, and our current borrowing under our TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility due 2014 for our second satellite, including future interest and principle payments.

Other

On August 16, 2005, Highland Equity Focus Fund, L.P., Highland Crusader Offshore Partners, L.P., Highland Capital Management Services, Inc., and Highland Capital Management, L.P., affiliates of James Dondero (the “Dondero Affiliates”), a former director of the Company, filed a lawsuit in Dallas County, Texas, (the “Rescission Litigation”), against us challenging the validity of the Series A Preferred Stock on the basis of the confusion regarding the voting rights of our Series A Preferred Stock and seeking rescission of their purchase of shares of Series A Preferred Stock. These entities acquired 90,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock for a purchase price of $90.0 million in the April 2005 private placement. Later, the Dondero Affiliates amended their suit to assert other grounds for rescission and damages. On November 30, 2007, the court granted TerreStar Corporation’s motion for summary judgment and dismissed the suit. The Dondero Affiliates have appealed the dismissal. We intend to vigorously contest the Dondero Affiliates’ efforts to reinstate the rescission litigation through the appeal process.

On February 1, 2008, the same four of Mr. Dondero’s Highland affiliates who filed the Rescission Litigation filed suit against us in the Commercial Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York. In this most recent suit, the Dondero Affiliates contend that the September 2005 exchange offer by virtue of which TerreStar Corporation exchanged our outstanding Series A Preferred Stock for a new class of Series B Preferred Stock caused the occurrence of a Senior Security Trigger Date, supposedly requiring us to issue a Senior Security Notice entitling the Dondero Affiliates to redeem their Series A Preferred Stock. We intend to vigorously defend this action.

Off-Balance Sheet Financing

As of March 31, 2008, we did not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a) (4) (ii) under Regulation S-K.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

As of March 31, 2008, we do not have exposure to market risk associated with activities in derivative financial instruments or derivative commodity instruments. Currently, we invest our cash in short-term commercial paper, investment-grade corporate and government obligations and money market funds.

 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management, in assessing its Disclosure Controls and Procedures for 2007, identified a lack of sufficient control in the area of financial reporting. This control weakness allowed for material errors to our financial reports, as previously filed for annual and interim periods to go undetected. In considering our assessment of 2007 Disclosure Controls and Procedures management also re-assessed those Disclosure Controls and

 

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Procedures in place during fiscal year 2006 and identified a material weakness related to financial reporting. This material weakness was not previously identified nor reported in our 2006 Item 9A disclosure and therefore that disclosure as originally contained in our 2006 Form 10-K should no longer be relied upon. Please refer to the discussion below for more details regarding this material weakness and management’s remediation plans.

As of December 31, 2007, management identified a lack of sufficient oversight and review as well as a lack of the appropriate number of resources to ensure the complete and proper application of generally accepted accounting principles as it relates to non-routine and complex accounting transactions. Specifically, this material weakness resulted in a number of errors in the preparation of both the interim and annual consolidated financial statements and related disclosures, relating to non routine transactions involving the accounting for both the MSV and SkyTerra investments and certain stock option exchanges. For additional information regarding these errors please refer to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, for the year ended December 31, 2007 and Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included therein.

This material weakness, if not remediated, has the potential to cause material misstatements in the future, with regard to non-routine and complex accounting transactions.

Based on the COSO criteria in Internal Control—Integrated Framework and because of these material weaknesses, we have concluded that as of December 31, 2007, internal control over financial reporting was not effective. The remediation plans previously disclosed in the 2007 Form 10-K, and summarized below, have not been fully implemented as of March 31, 2008. Accordingly, the internal control over financial reporting continues to be ineffective as of March 31, 2008.

Remediation Efforts to Address Material Weakness

We are in the process of developing and implementing remediation plans to address our material weakness. Management has identified specific remedial actions to address the material weaknesses described above:

 

   

Improve the effectiveness of the accounting group by hiring additional technical accounting personnel to address our complex accounting and financial reporting requirements, and by continuing to augment our existing resources with consultants that have the technical accounting capabilities to assist in the analysis and recordation of non-routine and complex accounting transactions.

 

   

Improve period-end closing procedures by establishing a monthly hard close process by implementing a process that ensures the timely review and approval of non-routine and complex accounting estimates.

During the latter half of 2007, management augmented the resources in the finance department by utilizing external resources in accounting, financial reporting and technical accounting areas and implemented additional closing procedures during and for the year ended December 31, 2007 and the three months ended March 31, 2008. As a result, management believes that there are no material inaccuracies or omissions of material fact and, to the best of its knowledge, believes that the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007 and the three months ended March 31, 2008 fairly present in all material respects the financial condition and results of operations for TerreStar Corporation in conformity with GAAP.

 

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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For information regarding legal proceedings, please refer to Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in this quarterly report.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Any of the following risks, as well as other risks and uncertainties, could harm our business and financial results and cause the value of our securities to decline, which in turn could cause investors to lose all or part of their investment in us. The risks below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks not currently known to us, or that we currently deem immaterial also may impair our business.

Our Primary Business is TerreStar Networks which is a Development Stage Company With No Operating Revenues.

TerreStar Networks is a development stage company and has never generated any revenues from operations. We sold our two-way terrestrial wireless data communications service in September 2006, we do not expect to generate significant revenues prior to 2009, if at all. If we obtain sufficient financing and successfully develop and construct TerreStar Networks’ network, our ability to transition to an operating company will depend on, among other things: successful execution of our business plan; market acceptance of the services we intend to offer; and attracting, training and motivating highly skilled satellite and network operations personnel, a sales force and customer service personnel. We may not be able to successfully complete the transition to an operating company or generate sufficient cash from operations to cover our expenses. If we do not become profitable, we will have difficulty obtaining funds to continue our operations.

We Are Not Cash Flow Positive, And We Will Need Additional Liquidity To Fund Our Operations And Fully Fund All Of Our Necessary Capital Expenditures.

We do not generate sufficient cash from operations to cover our operating expenses, and it is unclear when, or if, we will be able to do so. Even if we begin to generate cash in excess of our operating expenses, we expect to require additional funds to meet capital expenditures and other non-operating cash expenses. We currently anticipate that our funding requirements for 2008 should be met through a combination of various sources, including cash on hand.

There can be no assurance that the foregoing sources of liquidity will provide sufficient funds in the amounts or at the time that funding is required. In addition, if our ability to realize such liquidity from any such source is delayed or the proceeds from any such source are insufficient to meet our expenditure requirements as they arise, we will seek additional equity or debt financing, although such additional financing may not be available on reasonable terms, if at all.

We Will Continue To Incur Significant Losses.

We will incur losses in 2008 and do not expect to generate any significant revenues until at least 2009, if at all. If we do not become profitable, we could have difficulty obtaining funds to continue our operations. We have incurred net losses every year since we began operations. These losses are due to the costs of developing and building our network and the costs of developing, selling and providing products and services.

 

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TerreStar Networks Will Require Significant Funding to Finance the Execution of its Business Strategy, Including Funds for the Construction and Launch of our Satellites and for our Terrestrial Network Build Out.

As of March 31, 2008, we had aggregate contractual payment obligations of approximately $2.4 billion, consisting of $285 million for satellite expenditures, $19 million for lease related expenditures and $436 million for terrestrial network related expenditures, as well as $1.7 billion for debt obligations including interest.

We expect to make substantial capital expenditures for the development of our universal chipset and handsets in 2008, and for building out our terrestrial network in 2009 and beyond. We will also require funds for selling, general and administrative expenses, working capital, interest on borrowings, financing costs and operating expenses until some time after the commencement of commercial operations. In addition, the final payments for our satellite insurance, totaling approximately $40 to $50 million, is expected to be due in 2008. These payments are required in order for us to launch our TerreStar-1 satellite.

The cost of building and deploying our integrated satellite and terrestrial network and developing the universal chipset could exceed our estimates. For example, the costs for the build out of the terrestrial component of our network could be greater, perhaps significantly, than our current estimates due to changing costs of supplies, market conditions and other factors over which we have no control. The rate at which we build out the terrestrial component of our network will also depend on customer requirements.

If we require more funding than we currently anticipate, or we cannot meet our financing needs, our ability to operate our business, our financial condition and our results of operation could be adversely affected.

We May Not Obtain The Financing Needed To Develop And Construct Our Network And Meet Our Funding Obligations.

We expect to require substantial funds to finance the execution of our business strategy. In addition, subject to certain conditions and so long as the provision of such funding does not conflict with applicable Canadian regulatory requirements, TerreStar Networks will be obligated to fund any operating cash shortfalls of TerreStar Canada upon the request of TerreStar Canada. If we are required to provide such funds to TerreStar Canada, we will need to reallocate existing, or raise additional, funds. We plan to seek to raise funds in the future through various means, including by selling debt and equity securities, by obtaining loans or other credit lines, through vendor financing or strategic relationships. The type, timing and terms of financing we may select will depend upon our cash needs, the availability of alternatives, our success in securing significant customers for our network, the prevailing conditions in the financial markets and the restrictions contained in any of our outstanding debt and any future indebtedness. In addition, our ability to attract funding is based in part on the value ascribed to our spectrum. Valuations of spectrum in other frequency bands have historically been volatile, and we cannot predict at what amount a future source of funding may be willing to value our spectrum and other assets. The FCC and/or Industry Canada could allocate additional spectrum, through auction, lease or other means, that could be used to compete with us, or that could decrease the perceived market value of our wireless capacity. The FCC and Industry Canada may take other action to promote the availability or more flexible use of existing satellite or terrestrial spectrum allocations. The acquisition by our competitors of rights to use additional spectrum could have a material adverse effect on the value of our spectrum authorizations, which, in turn, could adversely affect our ability to obtain necessary financing. We may not be able to obtain financing when needed, on favorable terms or at all. If we fail to obtain any necessary financing on a timely basis, then any of the following could occur:

 

   

construction and launch of our satellites, or other events necessary to conduct our business could be materially delayed, or the associated costs could materially increase;

 

   

we could default on our commitments under our satellite construction agreements or our launch agreement, or to creditors or third parties, leading to the termination of such agreements; and

 

   

we may not be able to deploy our network as planned, and may have to discontinue operations or seek a purchaser for our business or assets.

 

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Any of these factors could cause us to miss required performance milestones under our FCC authorization or Industry Canada approval in principle and could result in our loss of those authorizations. See “Regulatory Risks”.

If we are successful in raising additional financing, we anticipate that a significant portion of future financing will consist of debt securities. As a result, we will likely become even more highly leveraged. If additional funds are raised through the incurrence of indebtedness, we may incur significant interest charges, and we will become subject to additional restrictions and covenants that could further limit our ability to respond to market conditions, provide for unanticipated capital investments or take advantage of business opportunities.

Funding Requirements For TerreStar Networks May Jeopardize Our Investment In, And Control Over, TerreStar Networks.

The implementation of TerreStar Networks business plan, including the construction and launch of a satellite system and the necessary terrestrial components of an ATC-based communications system, will require significant additional funding. If we do not provide such funding to TerreStar Networks, then TerreStar Networks may be forced to seek funding from third parties that may dilute our equity investment in TerreStar Networks. Such dilution, if sufficiently severe, may limit our control over TerreStar Networks.

Our Business Is Subject To A High Degree Of Government Regulation.

The communications industry is highly regulated by governmental entities and regulatory authorities, including the FCC and Industry Canada. Our business is completely dependent upon obtaining and maintaining regulatory authorizations to operate our planned integrated satellite and terrestrial network. For example, we could fail to obtain authorization from the FCC and/or Industry Canada to operate an ATC network, for which we applied to the FCC in September 2007. Failure to obtain or maintain necessary governmental approvals would impair our ability to implement our planned network and would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. Additional important risks relating to our regulatory framework are listed below under “Regulatory Risks”.

Our Network Will Depend On The Development And Integration Of Complex And Untested Technologies.

We must integrate a number of sophisticated satellite, terrestrial and wireless technologies that typically have not been integrated in the past, and some of which are not yet fully developed, before we can offer our planned network. The technologies we must integrate include, but are not limited to:

 

   

satellites that have significantly larger antennas and are substantially more powerful than any satellites currently in use;

 

   

use of dynamic spot-beam technology to allocate signal strength among different geographic areas, including the ability to concentrate signal strength in specific geographic locations;

 

   

development of universal chipset architecture that is capable of being deployed into a wide range of mobile devices;

 

   

development of chipsets for mobile handsets and other devices that are capable of receiving satellite and ground-based signals;

 

   

development of integrated satellite and terrestrial-capable mobile handsets with attractive performance, functionality and price; and

 

   

development of ground infrastructure hardware and software capable of supporting our communication system and the demands of our customers.

As a result, unanticipated technological problems or delays relating to the development and use of our technology may prove difficult, time consuming, expensive or impossible to solve. Any of these may result in delays in implementing, or make inoperable, our infrastructure and would adversely affect our financial condition.

 

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Our Success Will Depend On Market Acceptance Of New And Unproven Technology, Which May Never Occur.

Other than satellite radio, we are not aware of any integrated satellite and terrestrial wireless network in commercial operation. As a result, our proposed market is new and untested and we cannot predict with certainty the potential demand for the services we plan to offer or the extent to which we will meet that demand. There may not be sufficient demand in general for the services we plan to offer, or in particular geographic markets, for particular types of services or during particular time periods, to enable us to generate positive cash flow, and our cost structure may not permit us to meet our obligations. Among other things, end user acceptance of our network and services will depend upon:

 

   

our ability to provide integrated wireless services that meet market demand;

 

   

our ability to provide attractive service offerings to our anticipated customers;

 

   

the cost and availability of handsets and other user equipment that are similar in size, weight and cost to existing standard wireless devices, but incorporate the new technology required to operate on our planned network;

 

   

federal, state, provincial, local and international regulations affecting the operation of satellite networks and wireless systems;

 

   

the effectiveness of our competitors in developing and offering new or alternative technologies;

 

   

the price of our planned service offerings; and

 

   

general and local economic conditions.

We cannot successfully implement our business plan if we cannot gain market acceptance for our planned products and services. A lack of demand could adversely affect our ability to sell our services, enter into strategic relationships or develop and successfully market new services. In addition, demand patterns shift over time, and user preferences may not favor the services we plan to offer. Any material miscalculation with respect to our service offerings or operating strategy will adversely affect our ability to operate our business, our financial condition and our results of operations.

We May Be Unable To Achieve Our Business And Financial Objectives Because The Communications Industry Is Highly Competitive.

The global communications industry is highly competitive and characterized by rapid change. In seeking market acceptance for our network, we will encounter competition in many forms, including:

 

   

satellite services from other operators;

 

   

conventional and emerging terrestrial wireless services;

 

   

traditional wireline voice and high-speed data offerings;

 

   

terrestrial land-mobile and fixed services; and

 

   

next-generation integrated services that may be offered in the future by other networks operating in the S-band or the L-band.

Participants in the communications industry include major domestic and international companies, many of which have financial, technical, marketing, sales, distribution and other resources substantially greater than we have and which provide a wider range of services than we will provide. There currently are several other satellite companies that provide or are planning to provide services similar to ours. In addition to facing competition from our satellite-based competitors, we are subject to competition from terrestrial voice and data service providers in several markets and with respect to certain services, particularly from those that are expanding into rural and remote areas and providing the same general types of services and products that we intend to provide. Land-

 

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based telecommunications service capabilities have been expanded into underserved areas more quickly than we anticipated, which could result in less demand for our services than we anticipated in formulating our business plan. These ground-based communications companies may have certain advantages over us because of the general perception among consumers that wireless voice communication products and services are cheaper and more convenient than satellite-based ones. Furthermore, we may also face competition from new competitors or emerging technologies with which we may be unable to compete effectively.

With many companies targeting many of the same clients, if any of our competitors succeeds in offering services that compete with ours before we do, or develops a network that is, or that is perceived to be, superior to ours, then we may not be able to execute our business plan, which would materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our system may not function as intended, and we will not know whether it will function as intended until we have deployed a substantial portion of our network. Hardware or software errors in space or on the ground may limit or delay our service, and therefore reduce anticipated revenues and the viability of our services. There could also be delays in the planned development, integration and operation of the components of our network.

The strength of the signal from our satellite could cause ground-based interference or other unintended effects. If the technological integration of our network is not completed in a timely and effective manner, our business will be harmed.

Our Satellites Are Subject To Construction, Delivery And Launch Delays.

We depend on third parties, such as Loral and Arianespace, to build and launch our satellites. The assembly of such satellites is technically complex and subject to construction and delivery delays that could result from a variety of causes, including the failure of third-party vendors to perform as anticipated and changes in the technical specifications of the satellites. Delivery of our satellites may not be timely, which could adversely affect our ability to meet our FCC and Industry Canada required construction and launch milestones and the planned introduction of our network.

In 2005, Loral commenced construction of Terrestar-1, which was originally scheduled to be launched in November 2007. In May 2007, we were notified that Loral revised its expected delivery date of TerreStar-1 from November 2007 to August 2008, causing us to delay our expected launch of TerreStar-1 to September 2008. In February 2008, we were notified that Loral had further revised its expected delivery date of TerreStar-1 from August 2008 to November 2008, subject to further testing to be completed by April 2008. We have confirmed with Arianespace, that it can launch TerreStar-1 during a December 2008 to February 2009 launch window. Our remaining FCC and Industry Canada milestones require that our network be operational in November 2008. We will seek new milestone dates from the FCC and Industry Canada when Loral provides us with a firm delivery schedule. There can be no assurance that any such requests would be granted.

During any period of delay in construction, delivery or launch of our satellite, we would continue to have significant cash requirements that could materially increase the aggregate amount of funding we need. We may not be able to obtain additional financing on favorable terms, or at all, during periods of delay. Delays could also make it more difficult for us to secure customers and could force us to reschedule our anticipated satellite launch dates.

In November 2006, we signed a contract with Arianespace which entitles us to a launch for TerreStar-1 that will meet our FCC and Industry Canada milestones and also mitigates possible impacts from delays. If we are not ready to launch TerreStar-1 within our extended launch window, however, another launch slot may not be available within the time period required to meet the relevant milestones.

 

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Our Satellites Could Be Damaged Or Destroyed During Launch Or Deployment Or Could Fail To Achieve Their Designated Orbital Location.

Our satellite launches and deployments may not be successful. A percentage of satellites never become operational because of launch failures, satellite destruction or damage during launch or improper orbital placement, among other factors. Launch failure rates vary depending on the chosen launch vehicle and contractor. Even launch vehicles with good track records experience some launch failures, and these vehicles may experience launch failures when launching our satellites despite their track records. Even if successfully launched into orbit, a satellite may use more fuel than planned to enter into its orbital location, which could reduce the overall useful life of the satellite, or may never enter or remain in its designated orbital location, which could render it inoperable. Deployment and use of the antennas on our satellites are subject to additional risks because our antennas will be larger than those currently on most commercial satellites. If one or more of the launches or deployments fail, we will suffer significant delays that will damage our business, cause us to incur significant additional costs and adversely affect our ability to generate revenues.

Satellites Have A Limited Useful Life And Premature Failure Of Our Satellites Could Damage Our Business.

During and after their launch, all satellites are subject to equipment failures, malfunctions (which are commonly referred to as anomalies) and other problems. A number of factors could decrease the expected useful lives or the utility of our satellites, including:

 

   

defects in construction;

 

   

radiation induced failure of satellite parts;

 

   

faster than expected degradation of solar panels;

 

   

malfunction of component parts;

 

   

loss of fuel on board;

 

   

higher than anticipated use of fuel to maintain the satellite’s orbital location;

 

   

higher than anticipated use of fuel during orbit raising following launch;

 

   

random failure of satellite components not protected by back-up units;

 

   

inability to control the positioning of the satellite;

 

   

electromagnetic storms, solar and other astronomical events, including solar radiation and flares; and

 

   

collisions with other objects in space, including meteors and decommissioned spacecraft in uncontrolled orbits that pass through the geostationary belt at various points.

We may experience failures, anomalies and other problems, whether of the types described above or arising from the failure of other systems or components, despite extensive precautionary measures taken to determine and eliminate the cause of anomalies in our satellites and provide redundancy for many critical components in our satellites. The interruption of our business caused by the loss or premature degradation of a satellite would continue until we either extended service to end users on another satellite or built and launched additional satellites. If any of our satellites were to malfunction or to fail prematurely, it could affect the quality of our service, substantially delay the commencement or interrupt the continuation of our service, harm our reputation, cause our insurance costs to increase and adversely affect our business and our financial condition.

Damage To, Or Caused By, Our Satellite May Not Be Fully Covered By Insurance.

We expect to purchase launch and in-orbit insurance policies for our satellite. The price, terms and availability of insurance can fluctuate significantly due to various factors, including satellite failures and general market conditions. If certain material adverse changes in market conditions for in-orbit insurance were to make it

 

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commercially unreasonable for us to maintain in-orbit insurance, we may forego such insurance. Other adverse changes in insurance market conditions may substantially increase the premiums we will have to pay for insurance or may preclude us from fully insuring our loss. If the launch of our satellite is a total or partial failure, or our satellite is damaged in orbit, our insurance may not fully cover our losses and these failures may also cause insurers to include additional exclusions in our insurance policies when they come up for renewal. We may not be able to obtain additional financing to construct, launch and insure a replacement satellite or such financing may not be available on terms favorable to us. Also, any insurance we obtain will likely contain certain customary exclusions and material change conditions that would limit our coverage. These exclusions typically relate to losses resulting from acts of war, insurrection or military action and government confiscation, as well as lasers, directed energy beams, nuclear and anti-satellite devices and radioactive contamination. Any uninsured losses could have a material adverse effect on us.

We do not expect to buy insurance to cover, and would not have protection against, business interruption, loss of business or similar losses. Furthermore, we expect to maintain third-party liability insurance. Such insurance may not be adequate or available to cover all third-party damages that may be caused by our satellites, and we may not be able to obtain or renew our third-party liability insurance on reasonable terms and conditions, or at all.

We Will Depend On A Limited Number Of Suppliers And Service Providers To Design, Construct And Maintain Our Network.

We will rely on contracts with third parties to design and build our satellites, as well as the terrestrial components of our network. These include the integrated MSS and ATC systems, technology for communications between the satellite and terrestrial equipment, and the development of small, integrated MSS/ ATC handsets and other devices utilizing our universal chipset architecture that will meet FCC and Industry Canada requirements, none of which exists today. We also intend to enter into relationships with third-party contractors in the future for equipment and maintenance and other services relating to our network. There are only a few companies capable of supplying the products and services necessary to implement and maintain our network. As a result, if any third-party contractor relationship with us is terminated, we may not be able to find a replacement in a timely manner or on terms satisfactory to us. This could lead to delays in implementing our network and interruptions in providing service to our customers, which would adversely affect our financial condition. In addition, the development and rollout of the terrestrial component of our network by these third parties may also be subject to unforeseen delays, cost overruns, regulatory changes, engineering and technological changes and other factors, some of which may be outside of our control.

Delays In Initial And Ongoing Deployment Of The Terrestrial Component Of Our Network Due To Limited Tower Availability, Local Zoning Approvals Or Adequate Telecommunications Transport Capacity Would Delay And Reduce Our Revenues.

Our business strategy includes the initial deployment of the terrestrial component of our network in several targeted markets, with subsequent expansion based upon customer requirements. Tower sites or leases of space on tower sites and authorizations in some desirable areas may be costly and time-consuming to obtain. If we are unable to obtain tower space, local zoning approvals or adequate telecommunications transport capacity to develop our network in a timely fashion, the launch of our network will be delayed, our revenues will be delayed and less than expected. As a result, our business will be adversely affected.

The Planned Terrestrial Component Of Our Network Or Other Ground Facilities Could Be Damaged By Natural Catastrophes Or Man-Made Disasters.

Since the terrestrial component of our planned network will be attached to buildings, towers and other structures, an earthquake, tornado, flood or other catastrophic event, a man-made disaster or vandalism could damage our network, interrupt our service and harm our business in the affected area. Temporary disruptions could damage our reputation and the demand for our services and adversely affect our financial condition.

 

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Failure To Develop, Manufacture And Supply Handsets And Other Devices That Incorporate Our Universal Chipset Architecture In A Timely Manner, Or At All, Will Delay Or Materially Reduce Our Revenues.

We will rely on third-party manufacturers and their distributors to manufacture and distribute devices incorporating our universal chipset architecture. Such devices will have the same form, function and aesthetics as a standard wireless device, and will be able to communicate with both the terrestrial and satellite components of our planned network without requiring external hardware. These devices are not yet available, and we and third-party vendors may be unable to develop and produce them in a timely manner, or at all, to permit the introduction of our service. If we, our vendors or our manufacturers fail to develop, manufacture and supply devices incorporating our universal chipset architecture for timely commercial sale at affordable prices, the launch of our service will be delayed, our revenues will be adversely affected and our business will suffer.

We May Rely On Third Parties To Identify, Develop And Market Products Using Our Network.

We intend to enter into agreements with third parties to identify, develop and market products using our network. We may be unable to identify, or to enter into agreements with, suitable third parties to perform these activities. If we do not form satisfactory relationships with third parties, or if any such third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or meet expected deadlines, we may not be able to successfully identify, develop and sell products using our network, which would adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We May Not Be Able To Identify, Develop And Market Innovative Products And Therefore We May Not Be Able To Compete Effectively.

Our ability to implement our business plan depends in part on our ability to gauge the direction of commercial and technological progress in key markets and to fund and successfully develop and market products in our targeted markets. Our competitors may have access to technologies not available to us, which may enable them to provide communications services of greater interest to end users, or at a more competitive price. We may not be able to develop new products or technology, either alone or with third parties, or license any additional necessary intellectual property rights from third parties on a commercially competitive basis. The satellite and wireless industries are both characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product innovations, changes in customer requirements and expectations and evolving industry standards. If we are unable to keep pace with these changes, our business may be unsuccessful. Products using new technologies, or emerging industry standards, could make our technologies obsolete. If we fail to keep pace with the evolving technological innovations in our markets on a competitive basis, our financial condition and results of operation could be adversely affected. In particular, if existing wireless providers improve their coverage of terrestrial-based systems to make them more ubiquitous, demand for products and services utilizing our network could be adversely affected or fail to materialize.

We Plan To Execute Our Initial Development Through A Relationship With An Anchor Tenant, And The Failure To Establish, Or Impairment Of, This Relationship Could Have Severe Consequences On Our Business.

Our objective is to form an anchor tenant relationship with a customer, such as a U.S. federal government organization, a state or local public safety/first responder organization or a significant commercial enterprise. Any significant disruption or deterioration of our relationship with our anchor tenant could adversely affect our business. Because we expect to derive a significant portion of our revenue from a limited number of customers, the failure to attract an anchor tenant or the loss of such an anchor tenant could significantly reduce our ability to generate revenue or profit and negatively impact our financial condition and operations.

 

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We May Depend On The U.S. Government For A Significant Portion Of Our Revenues, And The Impairment Of This Relationship Or Changes In Government Spending Could Have Severe Consequences On Our Business.

Our objective is to form an anchor tenant relationship with a customer, potentially a U.S. federal government organization such as the Department of Defense, the Federal Emergency Management Agency or the Department of Homeland Security. Future sales under U.S. government contracts are conditioned upon the availability of Congressional appropriations. The strength of our relationship with any federal government organization is subject to the overall U.S. government budget and appropriation decisions and processes. U.S. government budget decisions, including defense and emergency response spending, are based on changing government priorities and objectives, which are driven by numerous factors, including geopolitical events and macroeconomic conditions, and are beyond our control. Significant changes to U.S. defense and emergency response spending could have long-term consequences for our size and structure, and could negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition.

An Economic Downturn In The United States Or Canada Or Changes In Consumer Spending Could Adversely Affect Our Financial Condition.

In the event that the United States or Canada experiences an economic downturn and spending by consumers drops, our business may be adversely affected. Demand for the services we plan to offer may not grow or be accepted generally, or in particular geographic markets, for particular types of services, or during particular time periods. A lack of demand could adversely affect our ability to sell our services, enter into strategic relationships or develop and successfully market new services.

We Depend On Licenses Of Critical Intellectual Property From ATC Technologies, A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary Of MSV.

We license the majority of the technology we plan to use to operate our network from ATC Technologies, a wholly-owned subsidiary of MSV. MSV has rights to approximately 30 MHz of spectrum in the L-band, is positioned to achieve device transparency and plans to offer services that compete with the services that we plan to offer.

MSV has assigned to ATC Technologies a significant intellectual property portfolio, including a significant number of patents. Pursuant to the agreement by and between ATC Technologies and us, ATC Technologies granted us a perpetual, world-wide, non-exclusive, royalty-free, fully paid up, nontransferable (except for certain rights to sublicense), non-assignable, limited purpose right and license to certain existing patents owned by ATC Technologies for the sole purpose of developing, operating, implementing, providing and maintaining S-band or MSS services with an ATC component. ATC Technologies granted back to MSV similar rights to the same intellectual property for L-band services in any geographic territory in the entire world where MSV, one of its affiliates or a joint venture or strategic alliance into which MSV has entered, is authorized to provide L-band services. In addition, ATC Technologies granted rights to MSV International, LLC (“MSVI”), a subsidiary of MSV, in and to the same intellectual property for the purpose of providing communications services anywhere in the entire world, excluding services relating to the S-band. We granted to ATC Technologies a perpetual, world-wide, non-exclusive, royalty-free, fully paid up, nontransferable (except for certain rights to sublicense), non-assignable, limited purpose right and license to certain existing patents owned or licensed by us and certain technologies licensed by us for the sole purpose of developing, operating, implementing, providing and maintaining L-band services or L-band services with an ATC component. ATC Technologies has also contractually committed to license to us, pursuant to the same terms as set forth above, certain additional patents that may be developed, acquired or otherwise owned by ATC Technologies or its affiliates (including MSV and MSVI), and we have contractually committed to license to ATC Technologies, pursuant to the same terms as set forth above, certain additional patents and technologies that may be developed, licensed, acquired or otherwise owned by us until October 1, 2016.

 

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The license agreement between us and ATC Technologies may be terminated:

(1) by mutual written consent of both parties;

(2) by either party in the event that the other party fails to perform or otherwise breaches any material obligations under the license agreement and fails to cure such breach within 90 days of receiving notice thereof; or

(3) in the event that the other party files a petition for bankruptcy or insolvency or upon certain other insolvency events.

In the event that our license agreement with ATC Technologies is terminated, we may not be able to obtain future licenses for alternative technologies on terms as favorable to us as those obtained through the license agreement with ATC Technologies, if at all. However, even in the event that our license agreement with ATC Technologies is terminated, we will retain our perpetual license to all ATC Technologies intellectual property licensed to us on a license-by-license basis, until the date of the expiration of the applicable patent under which the license was granted. If ATC Technologies terminates or breaches its agreements with us or if we and ATC Technologies have a significant dispute regarding the licensed intellectual property, such termination, breach or significant dispute could have a material adverse effect on our business.

The intellectual property we license from ATC Technologies includes issued patents and technology included in patent applications. The patents for which we or ATC Technologies have applied may not be issued or, if they are issued, such patents may be insufficient to protect fully the technology we own or license. Moreover, if such patents prove to be inadequate to protect fully the technology we own or license, our ability to implement our business plan and, consequently, our financial condition, may be adversely affected. In addition, any patents that may be issued to us and any patents licensed to us from ATC Technologies may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented.

We also rely upon unpatented proprietary technology and other trade secrets. Our failure to protect such proprietary technology and trade secrets or the lack of enforceability or breach by third parties of agreements into which we have entered could also adversely affect our ability to implement our business plan and our financial condition.

We May Incur Costs, And May Not Be Successful, Defending Our Rights To Intellectual Property Upon Which We Depend.

In developing and implementing our network, we will need to develop or obtain rights to additional technology that is not currently owned by us or licensed to us. We may be unsuccessful in developing additional technologies required to develop and implement our network, and we may not be able to protect intellectual property associated with technologies we develop from infringement by third parties. In addition, if we are able to develop or license such technologies, there can be no assurance that any patents issued or licensed to us will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented. Litigation to defend and enforce these intellectual property rights could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations, regardless of the final outcome of such litigation. Despite our efforts to safeguard and maintain our proprietary rights, we may not be successful in doing so, and our competitors may independently develop or patent technologies equivalent or superior to our technologies. It is possible that third parties may infringe upon our intellectual property now and in the future.

We may be unable to determine when third parties are using our intellectual property rights without our authorization. The undetected or unremedied use of our intellectual property rights or the legitimate development or acquisition of intellectual property similar to ours by third parties could reduce or eliminate any competitive advantage we have as a result of our intellectual property, adversely affecting our financial condition and results of operations. If we must take legal action to protect, defend or enforce our intellectual property rights, any suits or proceedings could result in significant costs and diversion of our resources and our management’s attention,

 

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and we may not prevail in any such suits or proceedings. A failure to protect, defend or enforce our intellectual property rights could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Third Parties May Claim That Our Products Or Services Infringe Their Intellectual Property Rights.

Other parties may have patents or pending patent applications relating to integrated wireless technology that may later mature into patents. Such parties may bring suit against us for patent infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. The development and operation of our system may also infringe or otherwise violate as-yet unidentified intellectual property rights of others. If our products or services are found to infringe or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of others, we may need to obtain licenses from those parties or substantially re-engineer our products or processes in order to avoid infringement. We may not be able to obtain the necessary licenses on commercially reasonable terms, if at all, or be able to re-engineer our products successfully. Moreover, if we are found by a court of law to infringe or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of others, we could be required to pay substantial damages or be enjoined from making, using or selling the infringing products or technology. We also could be enjoined from making, using or selling the allegedly infringing products or technology, pending the final outcome of the suit. Our financial condition could be adversely affected if we are required to pay damages or are enjoined from using critical technology.

Wireless Devices May, Or May Be Perceived To, Pose Health And Safety Risks And, As A Result, We May Be Subject To New Regulations, Demand For Our Services May Decrease And We Could Face Liability Or Reputational Harm Based On Alleged Health Risks.

There has been adverse publicity concerning alleged health risks associated with radio frequency transmissions from portable hand-held telephones that have transmitting antennae, similar to devices that may incorporate our universal chipset architecture. Lawsuits have been filed against participants in the wireless industry alleging various adverse health consequences, including cancer, as a result of wireless phone usage. If courts or governmental agencies find that there is valid scientific evidence that the use of portable hand-held devices poses a health risk, or if consumers’ health concerns over radio frequency emissions increase for any reason, use of wireless handsets may decline. Further, government authorities might increase regulation of wireless handsets as a result of these health concerns. The actual or perceived risk of radio frequency emissions could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We May Be Negatively Affected By Industry Consolidation.

Consolidation in the communications industry could adversely affect us by increasing the scale or scope of our competitors, or creating a competitor that is capable of providing services similar to those we intend to offer, thereby making it more difficult for us to compete. Industry consolidation also may impede our ability to identify acquisition, joint venture or other strategic opportunities.

Future Acquisitions May Be Costly And Difficult To Integrate And May Divert And Dilute Management Resources.

As part of our business strategy, we may make acquisitions of, or investments in, companies, products or technologies that we believe complement our services, augment our market coverage or enhance our technical capabilities or that we believe may otherwise offer growth opportunities. Acquisitions and mergers involve a number of risks, including, but not limited to:

 

   

the time and costs associated with identifying and evaluating potential acquisition or merger partners;

 

   

difficulties in assimilating operations of the acquired business and implementing uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies;

 

   

unanticipated expenses and working capital requirements;

 

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the inability to finance an acquisition on acceptable terms, or at all, and to maintain adequate capital;

 

   

diversion of management’s attention from daily operations;

 

   

loss of key employees;

 

   

difficulty achieving sufficient revenues and cost synergies to offset increased expenses associated with acquisitions; and

 

   

risks and expenses of entering new geographic markets.

Any of these acquisition risks could result in unexpected losses or expenses and thereby reduce the expected benefits of the acquisition. Our failure to successfully integrate future acquisitions and manage our growth could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and future prospects.

We may also pursue acquisitions, joint ventures or other strategic transactions. If we do so, we may face costs and risks arising from any such transaction, including integrating a new business into our business or managing a joint venture. These may include legal, organizational, financial and other costs and risks.

Our Recent Cost-Cutting Measures May Make It Difficult For Us To Execute Our Business Plan And Achieve Profitability.

In 2006, TerreStar Networks began a period of rapid growth, growing from four employees at December 31, 2005 to 175 employees at December 31, 2007. In April 2008 we announced the implementation of cost cutting measures including a headcount reduction of 79 management and non-management position across TerreStar. We believe that these cost-cutting measures will allow us to continue our operations under our current business plan and meet our capital requirements into the second quarter of 2009. While we believe that the workforce reductions will not impact our ability to execute our updated business plan, the loss of employee and management resources from our cost-cutting measures may impact our operations.

In addition, in 2006, TerreStar Networks completed the spin-off of its wholly-owned subsidiary, TerreStar Global Ltd., or TerreStar Global. TerreStar Global intends to offer an integrated satellite and terrestrial network outside of North America. Some of our employees, including some of our executive officers, perform services for TerreStar Global, which may reduce the time they can devote to our business. Our failure to manage growth effectively could significantly impede our ability to execute our business strategy and achieve profitability.

We Must Attract, Integrate And Retain Key Personnel.

Our success depends, in large part, upon the continuing contributions of our key technical and management personnel and integrating new personnel into our business. Employment agreements with our employees are terminable at-will by the employees, and we do not maintain “key-man” insurance on any of our employees. In April 2008, we announced certain cost-cutting measures including a significant headcount reduction. Although we believe we will be able to execute our business plan with our current workforce, the loss of the services of a significant number of our remaining key employees could harm our business and our future prospects. Our future success will also depend on our ability to attract and retain additional management and technical personnel required in connection with the implementation of our business plan. In addition, our recent cost-cutting measures may make it more difficult to attract and retain personnel. Competition for such personnel is intense, and if we fail to retain or attract such personnel and integrate those personnel who we hire, our business could suffer. We have entered into arrangements with certain of our officers that provide for payments upon a change of control, as defined in those agreements.

We Are Involved In Ongoing Litigation, Which Could Have A Negative Impact on Us.

Certain stockholders affiliated with one of our former directors have initiated multiple lawsuits against us. In 2006, certain stockholders sought to install a slate of directors to our Board of Directors, which was not

 

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successful. If these efforts or similar efforts that might be made in the future are successful, they may result in a change of control of TerreStar Corporation, or interfere with our efforts to raise debt or equity capital which could adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition.

We May Have To Take Actions Which Are Disruptive To Our Business To Avoid Registration Under The Investment Company Act Of 1940.

Under certain circumstances we may have to take actions which are disruptive to our business if we are deemed to be an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). Our equity investments, in particular our ownership interests in SkyTerra and MSV, may constitute investment securities under the Investment Company Act. Under the Investment Company Act, a company may be deemed to be an investment company if it owns investment securities with a value exceeding 40% of its total assets excluding cash items and government securities, subject to certain other exclusions. Investment companies are required to register under and comply with the Investment Company Act unless an exclusion or SEC safe harbor applies. If we were to be deemed an investment company, we would become subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act. As a consequence, we would be prohibited from engaging in business as we have in the past and might be subject to civil and criminal penalties for noncompliance. In addition, certain of our contracts might be voidable, and a court-appointed receiver could take control of us and liquidate our business. In June 2006, one of our stockholders filed a lawsuit against TerreStar Corporation, alleging, among other things, that we are an investment company. In October 2006, the U.S. Magistrate Judge heard arguments on TerreStar Corporation’s motions to dismiss the case, and thereafter recommended that the U.S. District Court dismiss the suit. The U.S. District Court adopted the Magistrate Judge’s recommendation and has dismissed these claims with prejudice.

We Do Not Expect To Pay Any Cash Dividends On Our Common Stock For The Foreseeable Future.

We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate that any cash dividends will be paid on the common stock for the foreseeable future. The payment of any dividend by us will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, our earnings, capital requirements and financial condition. In addition, pursuant to the terms of the Series A and Series B Preferred, no dividends may be declared or paid, and no funds shall be set apart for payment, on shares of TerreStar Corporation common stock, unless (i) written notice of such dividend is given to each holder of shares of Series A and Series B Preferred not less than 15 days prior to the record date for such dividend and (ii) a registration statement registering the resale of shares of common stock issuable to the holders of the Series A and Series B Preferred has been filed with the SEC and is effective on the date TerreStar Corporation declares such dividend. Also, under Delaware law, a corporation cannot declare or pay dividends on its capital stock unless it has an available surplus. Furthermore, the terms of some of our financing arrangements directly limit our ability to pay cash dividends on our common stock. The terms of any future indebtedness of our subsidiaries also may generally restrict the ability of some of our subsidiaries to distribute earnings or make other payments to us.

Future Sales Of Our Common Stock Could Adversely Affect Its Price And/Or Our Ability To Raise Capital.

Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, or the perception that such sales could occur, could adversely affect the prevailing market price of our common stock and our ability to raise capital.

We may issue additional common stock in future financing transactions or as incentive compensation for our executives and other personnel, consultants and advisors. Issuing any equity securities would be dilutive to the equity interests represented by our then-outstanding shares of common stock. The market price for our common stock could decrease as the market takes into account the dilutive effect of any of these issuances. Finally, if we decide to file a registration statement to raise additional capital, some of our existing stockholders hold piggyback registration rights that, if exercised, will require us to include their shares in certain registration statements. Any of these conditions could adversely affect our ability to raise needed capital.

 

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Funds Affiliated With Harbinger Capital Partners Own A Significant Percentage Of Our Voting Shares And Have A Significant Economic Interest In Several Of Our Competitors.

As of February 7, 2008, funds affiliated with Harbinger Capital Partners owned an aggregate of 41 million shares or 44.6% of our common stock as, reported on their Schedule 13 D/A filed with the SEC. Accordingly, these funds are able to significantly influence us through their ability to heavily influence the outcome of election of our directors, amendments to our certificate of incorporation and by-laws and other actions requiring the vote or consent of stockholders. There is no assurance that the interest of Harbinger will be aligned with those of our other investors, and Harbinger may make decisions that adversely impact our stockholders. In addition to Harbinger’s ownership interest in us, Harbinger also reports significant ownership interest in SkyTerra and Inmarsat.

We May Not Be Able To Finance Or Satisfy Our Obligations Relating To A Change Of Control Under The Documents Governing Our Existing and Future Issued Securities.

Under our documents governing our outstanding debt and other securities, we may be required to offer to repurchase or otherwise redeem securities upon a change of control triggering event. Our financial resources are limited and we may not have the ability to repay all of these obligations that would become payable upon such a change of control. Our failure to repurchase our outstanding securities upon a change of control would cause a default under our existing governing documents and would materially adversely impact our financial condition and operations.

Failure to Achieve and Maintain Effective Internal Control Over Financial Reporting in Accordance With Rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission Promulgated Under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

We identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, as described in Item 9A, Controls and Procedures. This weakness could harm our business and operating results, and could result in adverse publicity and a loss in investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our stock price, and, if such weakness is not properly remediated, could adversely affect our ability to report our financial results on a timely and accurate basis.

Although we believe that we have taken steps to remediate this material weakness we cannot assure you that this remediation will be successful or that additional deficiencies or weaknesses in our controls and procedures will not be identified.

Regulatory Risks

We Could Lose Our FCC Authorization And Industry Canada Approval In Principle And Be Subject To Fines Or Other Penalties.

We must meet significant construction and implementation milestones and comply with complex and changing FCC and Industry Canada rules and regulations to maintain our authorizations to use our assigned spectrum and orbital slot. The remaining milestones in the United States are a successful satellite launch by September 2008, and certification that the system is operational by November 2008. The remaining milestone in Canada is successfully placing the satellite into its assigned orbital position by November 2008. We will seek new milestone dates from the FCC and Industry Canada when Loral provides us with a firm delivery schedule for TerreStar-1. There can be no assurance that any such requests would be granted. Once the system is operational, we will be required to maintain satellite coverage of all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and all regions of Canada that are within the coverage contour described in our Industry Canada approval in principle and, to the extent that we have been granted ATC authority, to provide an integrated MSS service offering in all locations where our ATC is made available. We may not meet these milestones, satisfy these service requirements or comply with other applicable rules and regulations. Non-compliance with these or

 

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other conditions, including other FCC or Industry Canada gating or ongoing service criteria, could result in fines, additional conditions, revocation of the authorizations, or other adverse FCC or Industry Canada actions. The loss of our spectrum authorizations would prevent us from implementing our business plan and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and the amount and value of the collateral pledged to support the TerreStar Notes and the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes.

If We Fail To Secure Or Maintain Certain Regulatory Approvals, We Will Default Under Our TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility.

Our TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility contains certain events of default that can be triggered upon our failure to secure or maintain certain regulatory approvals, including the following (in each case subject to certain exceptions):

 

   

a denial, revocation, cancellation or relinquishment of any material license held by TerreStar Networks, TerreStar Canada or a guarantor to operate satellite component or ATC facilities;

 

   

TerreStar Networks’ failure to secure the FCC ATC authorization within six months following TerreStar Networks’ certification to the FCC that the TerreStar-1 satellite system is operational and that it has satisfied the final FCC milestone conditioning the FCC MSS S-Band Spectrum reservation held by TerreStar Networks;

 

   

failure to satisfy the FCC’s implementation milestone to launch TerreStar-1 on or prior to September 30, 2008, the FCC’s implementation milestone to certify that the satellite system is operational on or prior to November 30, 2008, or Industry Canada’s implementation milestone to place TerreStar-1 into its assigned orbital position on or prior to November 30, 2008, or failure to satisfy any extended deadline issued by the applicable governmental authority of the these implementation milestones; and

 

   

failure to obtain shareholder approval of each of the EchoStar and Harbinger spectrum contribution transactions on or prior to July 23, 2008.

If any of these events of default under our TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility occurs and is continuing, our lenders can terminate their commitments and declare the amounts outstanding under the TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility immediately due and payable. In addition, the acceleration of our repayment obligation under the TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility would constitute an event of default under cross-default provisions in the indenture governing our TerreStar Exchangeable Notes and the TerreStar Notes, in each case permitting the trustee or holders thereunder to accelerate the notes and declare them immediately due and payable.

We Have Not Yet Applied For, And May Not Receive, Certain Regulatory Approvals That Are Necessary To Our Business Plan.

We may be required to obtain additional approvals from national and local authorities in connection with the services that we wish to provide in the future. For example, we have applied for and have not yet been granted authorization to provide ATC in the United States and have not been granted waivers we requested from the FCC of certain ATC technical rules, which would allow us to use commercially standard equipment in our ATC base stations. TerreStar Canada has not yet made such an application with Industry Canada. We cannot be granted ATC authorization until we can show that we will comply in the near future with the FCC’s and Industry Canada’s ATC gating criteria, which we may not be able to satisfy. Further, the manufacturers of our ATC user terminals and base stations will need to obtain FCC equipment certifications and similar certifications in Canada. In addition, our future customers, or our business strategy, may require us to launch additional satellites, including TerreStar-2, in order to increase redundancy and decrease the risk of having only one satellite in orbit. In order to do so, we must obtain regulatory approval for one or more additional orbital slots, or permission from Industry Canada to launch additional satellites into our orbital slot for TerreStar-1, and may need a waiver of the FCC requirement for a ground spare satellite.

 

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Either Industry Canada or the FCC may refuse to grant these and other necessary regulatory approvals in the future, or they may impose conditions on these approvals that we are unable to satisfy. Failure to obtain or retain any necessary regulatory approvals would impair our ability to execute our business plan, and would materially adversely affect our financial condition.

The Industry Canada Approval In Principle To Construct And Operate A Satellite In A Canadian Orbital Slot Is Held, And Upon The Launch Thereof Will Be Held, By A Canadian Entity Over Which We Do Not Have Control.

The Industry Canada approval in principle to construct and operate a 2GHz MSS S-band satellite in a Canadian orbital position is currently held by TerreStar Canada, an entity that we do not control. Upon the launch of TerreStar-1, we expect that TerreStar-1 will be transferred to TerreStar Canada. Under the Radiocommunication Act (Canada) and the Telecommunications Act (Canada), and the regulations promulgated thereunder, TerreStar Networks may only own a 20% voting equity interest in TerreStar Canada, along with a 33 1/3 % voting equity interest in TerreStar Canada Holdings, which is TerreStar Canada’s parent and 80% voting equity owner. 4371585 Communications, a Canadian-owned and controlled third party, owns a 66  2/3% voting interest in TerreStar Canada Holdings. The rules and regulations further provide that the business and operations of TerreStar Canada cannot otherwise be controlled in fact by non-Canadians.

Under the relevant transfer agreements, 4371585 Communications owns 66 2/3% of the shares of, and has the power to elect three out of the five members of the Board of Directors of, TerreStar Canada Holdings, and TerreStar Canada Holdings owns 80% of the shares of, and has the power to elect four out of the five members of the Board of Directors of, TerreStar Canada. TerreStar Networks will have certain contractual rights with respect to the business and operations of, and certain negative protections as a minority shareholder of, both TerreStar Canada and TerreStar Canada Holdings. With certain exceptions, TerreStar Networks has no ability to control the business or operations of TerreStar Canada, which holds the Industry Canada approval in principle and will own TerreStar-1. TerreStar Networks does not have negative approval rights with respect to appointment or termination of senior officers or creation of budgets for TerreStar Canada or TerreStar Canada Holdings.

FCC And Industry Canada Decisions Affecting The Amount Of 2GHz MSS S-band Spectrum Assigned To Us Are Subject To Reconsideration And Review.

In December 2005, the FCC provided TMI Communications with a reservation of 10 MHz of uplink MSS spectrum and 10 MHz of downlink MSS spectrum in the 2GHz MSS S-band. TMI Communications has assigned that authorization to us and on May 10, 2007 the FCC has modified the reservation to reflect that change. Two parties have challenged the December 2005 ruling, and one party has also challenged a separate decision by the FCC to cancel its former 2GHz MSS S-band authorization. If these challenges succeed, the amount of 2GHz MSS S-band spectrum that is available to us may be reduced to a level that is insufficient for us to implement our business plan. Furthermore, in Canada, our spectrum could be reduced from 20 MHz to 14 MHz if Industry Canada determines that it is necessary to reapportion spectrum in order to license other MSS operators in Canada. Any reduction in the spectrum we are authorized to use could impair our business plan and materially adversely affect our financial condition.

Our Use Of The 2GHz MSS S-band Is Subject To Successful Relocation Of Existing Users.

In the United States, our operations at the 2GHz MSS S-band are subject to successful relocation of existing broadcast auxiliary service, or BAS, licensees and other terrestrial licensees in the band. Costs associated with spectrum clearing could be substantial. In the United States, Sprint Nextel Corporation (“Sprint Nextel”) is obligated to relocate existing BAS and other terrestrial users in our uplink spectrum and 2GHz MSS S-band licensees must relocate microwave users in the 2GHz MSS S-band downlink band. To the extent that Sprint Nextel complies with its BAS band clearing obligations, 2GHz MSS S-band licensees commencing operations thereafter would not have to clear the band themselves, but might be required to reimburse Sprint Nextel for a

 

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portion of its band clearing costs. Due to the complex nature of the overall 2GHz MSS S-band relocation and the need to work closely with Sprint Nextel on band clearing, we may not make sufficient progress in the relocation effort or meet FCC requirements for relocating existing users and the start of our MSS operations in uncleared markets may be delayed. On September 4, 2007, Sprint Nextel and certain broadcaster trade associations asked the FCC for an additional 29 months past the September 7, 2007 deadline to complete the relocation process. On March 5, 2008, the FCC granted Sprint Nextel’s request but only extended the deadline to complete the relocation process until March 5, 2009. The FCC also permitted certain testing and trials by MSS licensees in 2008 and sought comment on ways in which BAS licensees and MSS licensees could co-exist in the band after January 2009 and before the relocation process is concluded. If Sprint Nextel does not complete clearance of the 2GHz MSS S-band within a reasonable period of time and/or appropriate sharing procedures cannot be established, our ability to implement our business plan, and our financial condition could be adversely impacted. In Canada, our operations at the 2GHz MSS S-band are subject to successful relocation of terrestrial microwave users. Although there are a small number of users in the 2GHz band, these users must be given a minimum of two years notice by Industry Canada to relocate unless a commercial agreement is reached under which they would move earlier. Although Industry Canada has given notice to these users that they must relocate within a two year period, if these users are not relocated in sufficient time before the launch of our services, we may not be able to offer our services in certain locations in Canada, which could impair our business plan and materially adversely affect our operations.

Our Service May Cause Or Be Subject To Interference.

We will be required to provide our ATC service without causing harmful interference. In addition, we must accept some interference from certain other spectrum users. For example, the FCC may adopt rules for an adjacent band that do not adequately protect us against interference. In September 2004, the FCC issued an order allowing PCS operation in the 1995-2000 MHz, and in September 2007, the FCC sought comment on proposed rules for the 2155-2175 MHz band, both of which may be adjacent to the 2GHz MSS S-band frequencies ultimately assigned to us. If the rules that the FCC adopts for the 1995-2000 MHz and 2155-2175 MHz bands do not adequately protect us against adjacent band interference, our reputation and our ability to compete effectively could be adversely affected. Requirements that we limit the interference we cause, or that we accept certain levels of interference, may hinder satellite operations within our system and may, in certain cases, subject our users to degradation in service quality, which may adversely affect our reputation and financial condition.

ATC Spectrum Access Is Limited By Technological Factors.

We will operate with the authority to use a finite quantity of radio spectrum. Spectrum used for communication between the satellite and the ground will not be available for use in the ATC component of our network. In addition, communications with the satellite may interfere with portions of the spectrum that would otherwise be available for ATC use, further diminishing the availability of spectrum for the ATC component to an extent that cannot be quantified at this time.

Technical Challenges Or Regulatory Requirements May Limit The Attractiveness Of Our Spectrum For Providing Mobile Services.

We believe our 2GHz MSS S-band spectrum with ATC capability must be at least functionally equivalent to the PCS/cellular spectrum in order to be attractive to parties with which we may enter into strategic relationships. The FCC and Industry Canada require us to make satellite service available throughout the United States and Canada. This requirement may limit the availability of some of our spectrum for terrestrial service in some markets at some times. If we are not able to develop technology that allows the entities with which we enter into strategic relationships to use our spectrum in a manner comparable to PCS/cellular operators, we may not be successful in entering into strategic arrangements with these parties.

 

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We May Face Unforeseen Regulations With Which We Find It Difficult, Costly Or Impossible To Comply.

The provision of communications services is highly regulated. As a provider of communications services in the United States and Canada, we will be subject to the laws and regulations of both the United States and Canada. Violations of laws or regulations of these countries may result in various sanctions including fines, loss of authorizations and the denial of applications for new authorizations or for the renewal of existing authorizations.

From time to time, governmental entities may impose new or modified conditions on our authorizations, which could adversely affect our ability to generate revenues and implement our business plan. For example, from time to time, the U.S. federal government has considered imposing substantial new fees on the use of frequencies, such as the ones we plan to use to provide our service. In the U.S. and Canada, the FCC and Industry Canada, respectively, already collect fees from space and terrestrial spectrum licensees. We are currently required to pay certain fees, and it is possible that we may be subject to increased fees in the future.

Export Control And Embargo Laws May Preclude Us From Obtaining Necessary Satellites, Parts Or Data Or Providing Certain Services In The Future.

We must comply with U.S. export control laws in connection with any information, products, or materials that we provide to non-U.S. persons relating to satellites, associated equipment and data and with the provision of related services. These requirements may make it necessary for us to obtain export or re-export authorizations from the U.S. government in connection with any dealings we have with 4371585 Communications, TerreStar Canada, TerreStar Canada Holdings, non-U.S. satellite manufacturing firms, launch services providers, insurers, customers and employees. We may not be able to obtain and maintain the necessary authorizations, which could adversely affect our ability to:

 

   

effect the transfer agreements;

 

   

procure new U.S.-manufactured satellites;

 

   

control any existing satellites;

 

   

acquire launch services;

 

   

obtain insurance and pursue our rights under insurance policies; or

 

   

conduct our satellite-related operations.

In addition, if we do not properly manage our internal compliance processes and, as a result, violate U.S. export laws, the terms of an export authorization or embargo laws, the violation could make it more difficult, or even impossible, to maintain or obtain licenses and could result in civil or criminal penalties.

Our Strategic Relationships Will Be Subject To Government Regulations.

We must ensure that parties with which we enter into strategic relationships comply with the FCC’s and Industry Canada’s ATC rules. This may require us to seek agreements in connection with potential strategic relationships that provide for a degree of control by us in the operation of their business that they may be unwilling or unable to grant us.

In addition, the U.S. Communications Act of 1934, as amended, or the Communications Act, and the FCC’s rules require us to maintain legal as well as actual control over the spectrum for which we are licensed. Our ability to enter into strategic arrangements may be limited by the requirement that we maintain de facto control of the spectrum for which we are licensed. If we are found to have relinquished control without approval from the FCC, we may be subject to fines, forfeitures, or revocation of our licenses.

Similarly, the Radiocommunication Act (Canada), the Telecommunications Act (Canada) and Industry Canada’s rules require that Canadians maintain legal as well as actual control over TerreStar Canada and certain

 

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of its licensed facilities. Our ability to enter into strategic arrangements may be limited by the requirement that Canadians maintain control over TerreStar Canada and these licensed facilities in Canada. If TerreStar Canada is found to have relinquished control to non-Canadians, TerreStar Canada may be subject to fines, forfeitures or revocation of its licenses and may not lawfully continue to carry on its business in Canada.

FCC And Industry Canada Regulations And Approval Processes Could Delay Or Impede A Transfer Of Control Of TerreStar Corporation

Any investment that could result in a transfer of control of TerreStar Corporation could be subject to prior FCC approval and in some cases could involve a lengthy FCC review period prior to its consummation. The prior approval of Industry Canada is also required before any material change in the ownership or control of TerreStar Canada can take effect. We may not be able to obtain any such FCC or Industry Canada approvals on a timely basis, if at all, and the FCC or Industry Canada may impose new or additional license conditions as part of any review of such a request. If we are unable to implement our business plan and generate revenue to meet our financial commitments, including under the TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility, the TerreStar Notes issued by TerreStar Networks in February 2007 and February 2008 and the TerreStar Exchangeable Notes issued by TerreStar Networks in February 2008, these regulations could impede or prevent a transfer of control or sale of our company to a third party with greater financial resources.

Rules Relating To Canadian Ownership And Control Of TerreStar Canada Are Subject To Interpretation And Change.

TerreStar Canada is subject to foreign ownership restrictions imposed by the Telecommunications Act (Canada) and the Radiocommunication Act (Canada) and regulations made pursuant to the these acts. Future determinations by Industry Canada or the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission, or

CRTC, or events beyond our control, may result in TerreStar Canada ceasing to comply with the relevant legislation. If such a development were to occur, the ability of TerreStar Canada to operate as a Canadian carrier under the Telecommunications Act (Canada) or to maintain, renew or secure its Industry Canada approval in principle could be jeopardized and our business could be materially adversely affected.

 

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

All unregistered sales of equity securities that occurred during the first quarter of 2008 were reported on current reports on Form 8-K.

 

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

 

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

None.

 

Item 5. Other Information

None.

 

Item 6. Exhibits

The Exhibit Index filed herewith is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Number

  

Description

  3.1    Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (as restated effective May 1, 2002) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Amendment No. 2 Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed May 1, 2002).
  3.2    Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (as amended and restated effective May 1, 2002) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed May 1, 2002).
  3.3    Certificate of Correction filed to correct a certain error in the Certificate of Designations of the Series A Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock of Motient Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on August 3, 2005).
  3.4    Certificate of Designations of the Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 31 to Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 31, 2005).
  3.5    Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed June 24, 2005).
  3.6    Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.6 of the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed August 7, 2006).
  3.7    Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2007 (the “Q3 2007 10-Q”).
  4.1    Specimen of Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Q3 2007 10-Q).
  4.2    First Supplemental Indenture, dated February 7, 2008, among TerreStar Network Inc., as the issuer, certain guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 8, 2008).
  4.3    Second Supplemental Indenture, dated February 7, 2008, among TerreStar Network Inc., as the issuer, certain guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 8, 2008).
  4.4    Indenture, dated February 7, 2008, among TerreStar Network Inc., as the issuer, the Company, certain subsidiaries of TerreStar Network Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 8, 2008).
10.1*    Employment Agreement dated January 15, 2008 by and between TerreStar Networks Inc. and Robert H. Brumley (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 22, 2008).
10.2*    Employment Agreement dated January 15, 2008 by and between TerreStar Networks Inc. and Neil Hazard (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 22, 2008).
10.3*    Employment Agreement dated January 15, 2008 by and between TerreStar Networks Inc. and Michael J. Reedy (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 22, 2008).
10.4*    Employment Agreement dated January 15, 2008 by and between TerreStar Networks Inc. and Dennis Matheson (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 22, 2008).

 

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Number

  

Description

10.5*    Employment Agreement dated January 15, 2008 by and between TerreStar Networks Inc. and Douglas Sobieski (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 22, 2008).
10.6*    Employment Agreement dated January 15, 2008 by and between TerreStar Networks Inc. and Jeffrey W. Epstein (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 22, 2008).
10.7    Purchase Money TerreStar-2 Purchase Money Credit Facility, dated February 5, 2008, among TerreStar Network Inc., as the borrower, the guarantors party thereto from time to time and U.S. Bank National Association, as collateral agent, Harbinger Capital Partners Master Fund I, Ltd., Harbinger Capital Partners Special Situations Fund, L.P. and EchoStar Corporation, as lenders. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 8, 2008).
10.8    Registration Rights Agreement, dated February 5, 2008, among the Company, TerreStar Network Inc., EchoStar Corporation, Harbinger Capital Partners Master Fund I, Ltd., Harbinger Capital Partners Special Situations Fund, L.P. and other institutional investors party thereto. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 8, 2008).
10.9    Master Investment Agreement, dated February 5, 2008, among the Company, TerreStar Network Inc. and EchoStar Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 8, 2008).
10.10    Master Investment Agreement, dated February 5, 2008, among the Company, TerreStar Network Inc. and Harbinger Capital Partners Master Fund I, Ltd. and Harbinger Capital Partners Special Situations Fund, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 8, 2008).
10.11    Spectrum Agreement, dated February 5, 2008, among the Company, TerreStar Network Inc. and EchoStar Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 8, 2008).
10.12    Spectrum Contribution Agreement, dated February 5, 2008, among the Company and Harbinger Capital Partners Master Fund I, Ltd. and Harbinger Capital Partners Special Situations Fund, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 8, 2008).
10.13†    Stock Purchase Agreement dated February 6, 2008, by and among the Company, Motient Ventures Holding, Inc. and Harbinger Capital Partners Master Fund I. L.P.
31.1†    Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), of President (principal executive officer).
31.2†    Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer).
32†    Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, of President, (principal executive officer) and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer).

 

* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as exhibit to this report pursuant to Item 14(c) of this report.

 

Filed herewith.

 

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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

TERRESTAR CORPORATION
(Registrant)

/s/    NEIL L. HAZARD        

Neil L. Hazard

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Dated: May 12, 2008

 

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