-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, UcLK9b17bSdmiWNQUQuJrQCm329Y4DaZY8aETUSI1mQospZ/vOWEpp0hQN1mXfc3 nATni6gcO4EgtR1ij4ABNA== 0000950005-97-000284.txt : 19970222 0000950005-97-000284.hdr.sgml : 19970222 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950005-97-000284 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: S-8 PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 4 FILED AS OF DATE: 19970219 EFFECTIVENESS DATE: 19970219 SROS: NONE FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: LYNX THERAPEUTICS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000913275 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: MEDICINAL CHEMICALS & BOTANICAL PRODUCTS [2833] IRS NUMBER: 943161073 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-8 SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-21997 FILM NUMBER: 97538138 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 3832 BAY CENTER PLACE CITY: HAYWARD STATE: CA ZIP: 94545 BUSINESS PHONE: 5106709300 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 3832 BAY CENTER PLACE CITY: HAYWARD STATE: CA ZIP: 74545 S-8 1 FORM S-8 As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on ____________ 1997. Registration No. 33-86634 ================================================================================ SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 ----------------- FORM S-8 REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 ----------------- LYNX THERAPEUTICS, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) ----------------- Delaware 94-3161073 (State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) ----------------- 3832 Bay Center Place Hayward, CA 94545 (510) 670-9300 (Address and telephone number of principal executive offices) 1992 Stock Option Plan (Full title of the plan) Sam Eletr Chief Executive Officer Lynx Therapeutics, Inc. 3832 Bay Center Place Hayward, CA 94545 (510) 670-9300 (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service) Copies to: Joel B. Espelien, Esq. Cooley Godward LLP Five Palo Alto Square, Suite 400 Palo Alto, CA 94306 (415) 843-5000 ----------------- Total Number of Pages: 17 Exhibit Index at Page: 7 CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
================================================================================================================================ Proposed Maximum Proposed Maximum Title of Securities to Amount to be Offering Price Per Aggregate Offering Price Amount of Registration be Registered Registered Share (1) (1) Fee - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Stock Options and Common Stock (par value $.001) 995,018 $4.00 & $1.35 $2,668,274.30 $808.57 ================================================================================================================================ (1) Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the amount of the registration fee. Pursuant to Rule 457(h) of the Securities Act of 1933, the price per share and aggregate offering price are based upon the weighted average exercise price for stock options issued pursuant to the terms of the 1995 Stock Option Plan, as amended. The following chart shows the calculation of the registration fee:
Number of Offering Price Aggregate Type of Shares Shares Per Share Offering Price -------------- ------ --------- -------------- Common Stock issuable upon exercise of stock options issued under the 1992 Stock Option Plan 500,000 $4.00 $2,000,000.00 Common Stock issuable upon exercise of stock options issued under the 1992 Stock Option Plan pursuant to the merger of Spectragen, Inc. and Lynx Therapeutics, Inc. 495,018 $1.35 $ 668,274.30 -------------- x .00030303 -------------- $ 808.57 ==============
Part of the stock options to be registered hereunder have been assumed by Lynx Therapeutics, Inc. (the "Company") pursuant to an Agreement of Merger among the Company and Spectragen, Inc., a Delaware corporation and majority-owned subsidiary of the Company, dated as of November 4, 1996. These options were originally granted to employees of Spectragen, Inc. under the Spectragen 1995 Stock Option Plan. Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective. 3. Incorporation of Documents by Reference (a) The Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 1995. (b) The Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 1996, June 30, 1996 and September 30, 1996. (c) The description of the Company's Common Stock contained in the Company's Registration Statement on Form 10 (No. 0-22570), as amended, filed with the Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act on October 5, 1993. (d) All reports and other documents filed by the Company pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment which indicates that all securities have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold. Any statement contained in a document incorporated, or deemed to be incorporated, by reference herein or contained in this Prospectus shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Prospectus to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is, or is deemed to be, incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this Prospectus. 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers Under Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Company has broad powers to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities they may incur in such capacities, including liabilities under the Act. The Company's Bylaws provide that the Company will indemnify its directors and executive officers and may indemnify its other officers, employees and other agents to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law. The Company is also empowered under its Bylaws to enter into indemnification agreements with its directors and officers and to purchase insurance on behalf of any person whom it is required or permitted to indemnify. Pursuant to this provision, the Company has entered or will enter into indemnity agreements with each of its directors and executive officers. In addition, the Company's Certificate of Incorporation provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, the Company's directors will not be liable for monetary damages for breach of the directors' fiduciary duty of care to the Company and its stockholders. This provision in the Certificate of Incorporation does not eliminate the duty of care, and in appropriate circumstances equitable remedies such as an injunction or other forms of nonmonetary relief would remain available under Delaware law. Each director will continue to be subject to liability for breach of the director's duty of loyalty to the Company, for acts or omissions not in good faith or involving intentional misconduct or knowing violations of law, for acts or omissions that the director believes to be contrary to the best interests of the Company or its stockholders, for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit, for acts or omissions involving a reckless disregard for the director's duty to the Company or its stockholders when the director was aware or should have been aware of a risk of serious injury to the Company or its stockholders, for acts or omissions that constitute an unexcused pattern of inattention that amounts to an abdication of the director's duty to the Company or its stockholders, for improper transactions between the director and the Company and for improper distributions to stockholders and loans to directors and officers. This provision also does not affect a director's responsibilities under any other laws, such as the federal securities laws or state or federal environmental laws. No pending material litigation or proceeding involving a director, officer, employee or other agent of the Company as to which indemnification is being sought exists, and the Company is not aware of any pending or threatened material litigation that may result in claims for indemnification by any director, officer, employee or other agent. 1. 8. Exhibits Exhibit Number - ------ 4.1 Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as amended* 4.2 Bylaws of the Company, as amended* 4.3 Form of Common Stock Certificate* 5.1 Opinion of Cooley Godward LLP 23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP 23.2 Consent of Cooley Godward LLP is contained in Exhibit 5 to this Registration Statement 24 Power of Attorney is contained on the signature page 99.1 1992 Stock Option Plan, as amended 99.2 Form of Incentive Stock Option Grant under the Plan* 99.3 Form of Supplemental Stock Option Grant under the Plan, as amended* - ------------- * Filed previously as an Exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form 10 (No. 0-22570), as amended, initially filed with the Commission on October 5, 1993, and incorporated herein by reference. 9. Undertakings (1) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes: a. To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: i. To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act; ii. To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement; iii. To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; Provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(i) and (a)(ii) do not apply if this registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form S-8 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in periodic reports filed by the issuer pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement. 2. b. That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. c. To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. (2) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. (3) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. 3. SIGNATURES The Registrant. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Hayward, State of California, on January 31, 1997. LYNX THERAPEUTICS, INC. By: /S/ SAM ELETR ------------------------------------------------ Sam Eletr Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors POWER OF ATTORNEY KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Sam Eletr and James C. Kitch, and each or any one of them, his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his substitutes or substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Date --------- ---- /S/ SAM ELETR January 31, 1997 - -------------------------------------------- Sam Eletr Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors (Principal Executive Officer) /S/ WILLIAM K. BOWES, JR. January 31, 1997 - -------------------------------------------- William K. Bowes, Jr. Director /S/ Sydney Brenner January 31, 1997 - -------------------------------------------- Sydney Brenner Director /S/ JAMES C. KITCH January 31, 1997 - -------------------------------------------- James C. Kitch Director /S/ KATHLEEN D. LA PORTE January 31, 1997 - -------------------------------------------- Kathleen D. La Porte Director /S/ CRAIG C. TAYLOR January 31, 1997 - -------------------------------------------- Craig C. Taylor Director and Acting Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 4. EXHIBIT INDEX Exhibit Number Description - ------- ----------- 4.1 Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as amended* 4.2 Bylaws of the Company, as amended* 4.3 Form of Common Stock Certificate* 5.1 Opinion of Cooley Godward LLP 23.1 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP 23.2 Consent of Cooley Godward LLP is contained in Exhibit 5 to this Registration Statement 24 Power of Attorney is contained on the signature page 99.1 1992 Stock Option Plan, as amended 99.2 Form of Incentive Stock Option Grant under the Plan* 99.3 Form of Supplemental Stock Option Grant under the Plan, as amended* - --------------- * Filed previously as an Exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form 10 (No. 0-22570), as amended, initially filed with the Commission on October 5, 1993, and incorporated herein by reference. 5. EX-5.1 2 OPINION OF COOLEY GODWARD LLP Exhibit 5.1 Cooley Godward LLP ATTORNEYS AT LAW San Francisco, CA 415 693-2000 Menlo Park, CA Five Palo Alto Square 415 843-5000 3000 El Camino Real Palo Alto, CA San Diego, CA 94306-2155 619 550-6000 Main 415 843-5000 Fax 415 857-0663 Boulder, CO 303 546-4000 Denver, CO http://www.cooley.com 303 606-4800 February 13, 1997 JAMES C. KITCH 415 843-5027 kitchjc@cooley.com Lynx Therapeutics, Inc. 3832 Bay Center Place Hayward, CA 94545 Ladies and Gentlemen: You have requested our opinion with respect to certain matters in connection with the filing by Lynx Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), of a Registration Statement on Form S-8 (the "Registration Statement") with the Securities and Exchange Commission covering the offering of up to 995,018 shares of the Company's Common Stock, $.001 par value, (the "Shares") pursuant to its 1992 Stock Option Plan (the "Plan"). In connection with this opinion, we have examined the Registration Statement and related Prospectus, your Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws, as amended, and such other documents, records, certificates, memoranda and other instruments as we deem necessary as a basis for this opinion. We have assumed the genuineness and authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to originals of all documents submitted to us as copies thereof, and the due execution and delivery of all documents where due execution and delivery are a prerequisite to the effectiveness thereof. On the basis of the foregoing, and in reliance thereon, we are of the opinion that the Shares, when sold and issued in accordance with the Plan, the Registration Statement and related Prospectus, will be validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable (except as to shares issued pursuant to certain deferred payment arrangements, which will be fully paid and nonassessable when such deferred payments are made in full). We consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. Very truly yours, Cooley Godward LLP By: /s/ JAMES C. KITCH --------------------------- James C. Kitch, Esq. EX-23.1 3 CONSENT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS Exhibit 23.1 CONSENT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement (Form S-8) pertaining to the 1992 Stock Option Plan of Lynx Therapeutics, Inc. of our report dated February 2, 1996, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Lynx Therapeutics, Inc. included in its Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 1995, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. ERNST & YOUNG LLP Palo Alto, California February 12, 1997 EX-99.1 4 1992 STOCK OPTION PLAN Exhibit 99.1 LYNX THERAPEUTICS INC. 1992 STOCK OPTION PLAN Adopted July 1, 1992 1. PURPOSES. (a) The purpose of the Plan is to provide a means by which selected Employees of and Consultants to the Company, and its Affiliates, may be given an opportunity to purchase stock of the Company. (b) The Company, by means of the Plan, seeks to retain the services of persons who are now Employees of or Consultants to the Company, to secure and retain the services of new Employees and Consultants, and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company. (c) The Company intends that the Options issued under the Plan shall, in the discretion of the Board or any Committee to which responsibility for administration of the Plan has been delegated pursuant to subsection 3(c), be either Incentive Stock Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options. All Options shall be separately designated Incentive Stock Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options at the time of grant, and in such form as issued pursuant to section 6, and a separate certificate or certificates will be issued for shares purchased on exercise of each type of Option. 2. DEFINITIONS. (a) "Affiliate" means any parent corporation or subsidiary corporation, whether now or hereafter existing, as those terms are defined in Sections 424(e) and (f) respectively, of the Code. (b) "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company. (c) "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. (d) "Committee" means a Committee appointed by the Board in accordance with subsection 3(c) of the Plan. (e) "Company" means Lynx Therapeutics Incorporated, a Delaware corporation. (f) "Consultant" means any person, including an advisor, engaged by the Company or an Affiliate to render services and who is compensated for such services, provided that the term "Consultant" shall not include Directors who are paid only a director's fee by the Company or who are not compensated by the Company for their services as Directors. (g) "Continuous Status as an Employee or Consultant" means the employment or relationship as a Consultant is not interrupted or terminated by the Company or any Affiliate. The Board, in its sole discretion, may determine whether Continuous Status as an Employee pr Consultant shall be considered interrupted in the case of: (i) any leave of absence approved by the Board, including sick leave, military leave, or any other personal leave; provided, however, that for purposes of Incentive Stock Options, any such leave may not exceed ninety (90) days, unless re-employment upon the expiration of such leave is guaranteed by contract (including certain Company policies) or statute; or (ii) transfers between locations of the Company or between the Company, Affiliates or its successor. (h) "Director" means a member of the Board. (i) "Disability" means total and permanent disability as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code. (j) "Disinterested Person" means a Director: (i) who was not during the one year prior to service as an administrator of the Plan granted or awarded equity securities pursuant to the Plan or any other plan of the Company or any of its affiliates entitling the participants therein to acquire equity securities of the Company or any of its affiliates except as permitted by Rule 16b-3(c)(2)(i); or (ii) who is otherwise considered to be a "disinterested person" in accordance with Rule 16b-3(c)(2)(i), or any other applicable rules, regulations or interpretations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. (k) "Employee" means any person, including Officers and Directors, employed by the Company or any Affiliate of the Company. Neither service as a Director nor payment of a director's fee by the Company shall be sufficient to constitute "employment" by the Company. (l) "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (m) "Fair Market Value" means, as of any date, the value of the common stock of the Company determined as follows: (i) If the common stock is listed on any established stock exchange or a national market system, including without limitation the National Market System of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Automated Quotation ("Nasdaq") System, the Fair Market Value of a share of common stock shall be the closing sales price for such stock (or the closing bid, if no sales were reported) as quoted on such system or exchange (or the exchange with the greatest volume of trading in common stock) on the last market trading day prior to the day of determination, as reported in the Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Board deems reliable; (ii) If the common stock is quoted on the Nasqad System (but not on the National Market System thereof) or is regularly quoted by a recognized securities dealer but selling prices are not reported, the Fair Market Value of a share of common stock shall be the mean between the high bid and high asked prices for the common stock on the last market trading day prior to the day of determination, as reported in the Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Board deems reliable; (iii) In the absence of an established market for the common stock, the Fair Market Value shall be determined in good faith by the Board. (n) "Incentive Stock Option" means an Option intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder. (o) "Nonstatutory Stock Option" means an Option not intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option. (p) "Officer" means a person who is an officer of the Company within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. (q) "Option" means a stock option granted pursuant to the Plan. (r) "Option Agreement" means a written agreement between the Company and an Optionee evidencing the terms and conditions of an individual Option grant. The Option Agreement is subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan. 2. (s) "Optioned Stock" means the common stock of the Company subject to an Option. (t) "Optionee" means an Employee or Consultant who holds an outstanding Option. (u) "Plan" means this 1992 Stock Option Plan. (v) "Rule 16b-3" means Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3, as in effect when discretion is being exercised with respect to the Plan. 3. ADMINISTRATION. (a) The Plan shall be administered by the Board unless and until the Board delegates administration to a Committee, as provided in subsection 3(c). (b) The Board shall have the power, subject to, and within the limitations of, the express provisions of the Plan: (1) To determine from time to time which of the persons eligible under the Plan shall be granted Options; when and how the Option shall be granted; whether the Option will be an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option; the provisions of each Option granted (which need not be identical), including the time or times such Option may be exercised in whole or in part; and the number of shares for which an Option shall be granted to each such person. (2) To construe and interpret the Plan and Options granted under it, and to establish, amend and revoke rules and regulations for its administration. The Board, in the exercise of this power, may correct any defect, omission or inconsistency in the Plan or in any Option Agreement, in a manner and to the extent it shall deem necessary or expedient to make the Plan fully effective. (3) To amend the Plan as provided in Section 11. (c) The Board may delegate administration of the Plan to a committee composed of not fewer than two (2) members (the "Committee"), all of the members of which Committee shall be disinterested persons, if required and as defined by the provisions of subsection 3(d). If administration is delegated to a Committee, the Committee shall have, in connection with the administration of the Plan, the powers theretofore possessed by the Board (and references in this Plan to the Board shall thereafter be to the Committee), subject, however, to such resolutions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be adopted from time to time by the Board. The Board may abolish the Committee at any time and revest in the Board the administration of the Plan. Additionally, prior to the date of the first registration of an equity security of the Company under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the Board may delegate administration of the Plan to any person or persons and the term "Committee" shall apply to any person or persons to whom such authority has been delegated. (d) Any requirement that an administrator of the Plan be a Disinterested Person shall not apply (i) prior to the date of the first registration of an equity security of the Company under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, or (ii) if the Board or the Committee expressly declares that such requirement shall not apply. Any Disinterested Person shall otherwise comply with the requirements of Rule 16b3. 3. 4. SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN. (a) Subject to the provisions of Section 10 relating to adjustments upon changes in stock, the stock that may be sold pursuant to Options shall not exceed in the aggregate Two Million Five Hundred Ninety-five Thousand Eighteen (2,595,018) shares of the Company's common stock less any shares of the Company's common stock remaining outstanding which were originally issued to employees, officers or directors of, or consultants to, the Company pursuant to stock purchase agreements or similar compensatory arrangements approved by the Company's Board of Directors. If any Option shall for any reason expire or otherwise terminate without having been exercised in full, the stock not purchased under such Option shall again become available for the Plan. (b) The stock subject to the Plan may be unissued shares or reacquired shares, bought on the market or otherwise. 5. ELIGIBILITY. (a) Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to Employees. Nonstatutory Stock Options may be granted only to Employees or Consultants. (b) A Director shall in no event be eligible for the benefits of the Plan unless at the time discretion is exercised in the selection of the Director as a person to whom Options may be granted, or in the determination of the number of shares which may be covered by Options granted to the Director: (i) the Board has delegated its discretionary authority over the Plan to a Committee which consists solely of Disinterested Persons; or (ii) the Plan otherwise complies with the requirements of Rule 16b-3. The Board shall otherwise comply with the requirements of Rule 16b-3. This subsection 5(b) shall not apply (i) prior to the date of the first registration of an equity security of the Company under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, or (ii) if the Board or Committee expressly declares that it shall not apply. (c) No person shall be eligible for the grant of an Option if, at the time of grant, such person owns (or is deemed to own pursuant to Section 424(d) of the Code) stock possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or of any of its Affiliates unless the exercise price of such Option is at least one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value of such stock at the date of grant and the Option is not exercisable after the expiration of five (5) years from the date of grant. 6. OPTION PROVISIONS. Each Option shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Board shall deem appropriate. The provisions of separate Options need not be identical, but each Option shall include (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the Option or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions: (a) Term. No Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date it was granted. (b) Price. The exercise price of each Incentive Stock Option shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the fair market value of the stock subject to the Option on the date the Option is granted. The exercise price of each Nonstatutory Stock Option shall be not less than eighty-five percent (85%) of the fair market value of the stock subject to the Option on the date the Option is granted. (c) Consideration. The purchase price of stock acquired pursuant to an Option shall be paid, to the extent permitted by applicable statutes and regulations, either (i) in cash at the time 4. the option is exercised, or (ii) at the discretion of the Board or the Committee, either at the time of the grant or exercise of the Option, (A) by delivery to the Company of other common stock of the Company, (B) according to a deferred payment or other arrangement (which may include, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the use of other common stock of the Company) with the person to whom the Option is granted or to whom the Option is transferred pursuant to subsection 6(d), or (C) in any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board. In the case of any deferred payment arrangement, interest shall be payable at least annually and shall be charged at the minimum rate of interest necessary to avoid the treatment as interest, under any applicable provisions of the Code, of any amounts other than amounts stated to be interest under the deferred payment arrangement. (d) Transferability. An option shall not be transferable except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and shall be exercisable during the lifetime of the person to whom the Option is granted only by such person. (e) Vesting. The total number of shares of stock subject to an Option may, but need not, be allotted in periodic installments (which may, but need not, be equal). The Option Agreement may provide that from time to time during each of such installment periods, the Option may become exercisable ("vest") with respect to some or all of the shares allotted to that period, and may be exercised with respect to some or all of the shares allotted to such period and/or any prior period as to which the Option became vested but was not fully exercised. During the remainder of the term of the Option (if its term extends beyond the end of the installment periods), the option may be exercised from time to time with respect to any shares then remaining subject to the Option. The provisions of this subsection 6(e) are subject to any Option provisions governing the minimum number of shares as to which an Option may be exercised. (f) Securities Law Compliance. The Company may require any Optionee, or any person to whom an Option is transferred under subsection 6(d), as a condition of exercising any such Option, (1) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company as to the Optionee's knowledge and experience in financial and business matters and/or to employ a purchaser representative reasonably satisfactory to the Company who is knowledgeable and experienced in financial and business matters, and that he or she is capable of evaluating, alone or together with the purchaser representative, the merits and risks of exercising the Option; and (2) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company stating that such person is acquiring the stock subject to the Option for such person's own account and not with any present intention of selling or otherwise distributing the stock. These requirements, and any assurances given pursuant to such requirements, shall be inoperative if (i) the issuance of the shares upon the exercise of the Option has been registered under a then currently effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or (ii) as to any particular requirement, a determination is made by counsel for the Company that such requirement need not be met in the circumstances under the then applicable securities laws. (g) Termination of Employment or Relationship as a Consultant. In the event an Optionee's Continuous Status as an Employee or Consultant terminates (other than upon the Optionee's death or Disability), the Optionee may exercise his or her Option, but only within such period of time as is determined by the Board, and only to the extent that the Optionee was entitled to exercise it at the date of termination (but in no event later than the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Option Agreement). In the case of an Incentive Stock Option, the Board shall determine such period of time (in no event to exceed three (3) months from the date of termination) when the Option is granted. If, at the date of termination, the Optionee is not entitled to exercise his or her entire Option, the shares covered by the unexercisable portion of the Option shall revert to the Plan. If, after termination, the Optionee does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified in the Option Agreement, the Option shall terminate, and the shares covered by such Option shall revert to the Plan. 5. (h) Disability of Optionee. In the event an Optionee's Continuous Status as an Employee or Consultant terminates as a result of the Optionee's Disability, the Optionee may exercise his or her Option, but only within twelve (12) months from the date of such termination (or such shorter period specified in the Option Agreement), and only to the extent that the Optionee was entitled to exercise it at the date of such termination (but in no event later than the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Option Agreement). If, at the date of termination, the Optionee is not entitled to exercise his or her entire Option, the shares covered by the unexercisable portion of the Option shall revert to the Plan. If, after termination, the Optionee does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate, and the shares covered by such Option shall revert to the Plan. (i) Death of Optionee. In the event of the death of an Optionee, the Option may be exercised, at any time within twelve (12) months following the date of death (or such shorter period specified in the Option Agreement) (but in no event later than the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Option Agreement), by the Optionee's estate or by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by bequest or inheritance, but only to the extent the Optionee was entitled to exercise the Option at the date of death. If, at the time of death, the Optionee was not entitled to exercise his or her entire Option, the shares covered by the unexercisable portion of the Option shall revert to the Plan. If, after death, the Optionee's estate or a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by bequest or inheritance does not exercise the Option within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate, and the shares covered by such Option shall revert to the Plan. (j) Early Exercise. The Option may, but need not, include a provision whereby the Optionee may elect at any time while an Employee or Consultant to exercise the Option as to any part or all of the shares subject to the Option prior to the full vesting of the Option. Any unvested shares so purchased may be subject to a repurchase right in favor of the Company or to any other restriction the Board determines to be appropriate. (k) Withholding. To the extent provided by the terms of an Option Agreement, the Optionee may satisfy any federal, state or local tax withholding obligation relating to the exercise of such Option by any of the following means or by a combination of such means: (1) tendering a cash payment; (2) authorizing the Company to withhold shares from the shares of the common stock otherwise issuable to the participant as a result of the exercise of the Option; or (3) delivering to the Company owned and unencumbered shares of the common stock of the Company. 7. COVENANTS OF THE COMPANY. (a) During the terms of the Options, the Company shall keep available at all times the number of shares of stock required to satisfy such Options. (b) The Company shall seek to obtain from each regulatory commission or agency having jurisdiction over the Plan such authority as may be required to issue and sell shares of stock upon exercise of the Options; provided, however, that this undertaking shall not require the Company to register under the Securities Act either the Plan, any Option or any stock issued or issuable pursuant to any such Option. If, after reasonable efforts, the Company is unable to obtain from any such regulatory commission or agency the authority which counsel for the Company deems necessary for the lawful issuance and sale of stock under the Plan, the Company shall be relieved from any liability for failure to issue and sell stock upon exercise of such Options unless and until such authority is obtained. 8. USE OF PROCEEDS FROM STOCK. Proceeds from the sale of stock pursuant to Options shall constitute general funds of the Company. 6. 9. MISCELLANEOUS. (a) Neither an Optionee nor any person to whom an Option is transferred under subsection 6(d) shall be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares subject to such Option unless and until such person has satisfied all requirements for exercise of the Option pursuant to its terms. (b) Throughout the term of any Option, the Company shall deliver to the holder of such Option, not later than one hundred twenty (120) days after the close of each of the Company's fiscal years during the Option term, such financial and other information regarding the Company as comprises the annual report to the stockholders of the Company provided for in the bylaws of the Company. (c) Nothing in the Plan or any instrument executed or Option granted pursuant thereto shall confer upon any Employee, Consultant or Optionee any right to continue in the employ of the Company or any Affiliate (or to continue acting as a Consultant) or shall affect the right of the Company or any Affiliate to terminate the employment or relationship as a Consultant of any Employee, Consultant or Optionee with or without cause. (d) To the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined at the time of grant) of stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options granted after 1986 are exercisable for the first time by any Optionee during any calendar year under all plans of the Company and its Affiliates exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), the Options or portions thereof which exceed such limit (according to the order in which they were granted) shall be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options. 10. ADJUSTMENTS UPON CHANGES IN STOCK. (a) If any change is made in the stock subject to the Plan, or subject to any Option (through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, stock split, liquidating dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure or otherwise), the Plan and outstanding Options will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and maximum number of shares subject to the Plan and the class(es) and number of shares and price per share of stock subject to outstanding Options. (b) In the event of: (1) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving corporation or (2) a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of the Company's common stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise then to the extent permitted by applicable law: (i) any surviving corporation shall assume any Options outstanding under the Plan or shall substitute similar Options for those outstanding under the Plan, or (ii) such Options shall continue in full force and effect. In the event any surviving corporation refuses to assume or continue such Options, or to substitute similar options for those outstanding under the Plan, then such Options shall be terminated if not exercised prior to such event. In the event of a dissolution or liquidation of the Company, any Options outstanding under the Plan shall terminate if not exercised prior to such event. 11. AMENDMENT OF THE PLAN. (a) The Board at any time, and from time to time, may amend the Plan. However, except as provided in Section 10 relating to adjustments upon changes in stock, no amendment shall be effective unless approved by the stockholders of the Company within twelve (12) months before or after the adoption of the amendment, where the amendment will: 7. (i) Increase the number of shares reserved for options under the Plan; (ii) Modify the requirements as to eligibility for participation in the Plan (to the extent such modification requires stockholder approval in order for the Plan to satisfy the requirements of Section 422 of the Code); or (iii) Modify the Plan in any other way if such modification requires stockholder approval in order for the Plan to satisfy the requirements of Section 422 of the Code or to comply with the requirements of Rule 16 l-3. (b) It is expressly contemplated that the Board may amend the Plan in any respect the Board deems necessary or advisable to provide Optionees with the maximum benefits provided or to be provided under the provisions of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder relating to Incentive Stock Options and/or to bring the Plan and/or Incentive Stock Options granted under it into compliance therewith. (c) Rights and obligations under any Option granted before amendment of the Plan shall not be altered or impaired by any amendment of the Plan unless (i) the Company requests the consent of the person to whom the Option was granted and (ii) such person consents in writing. 12. TERMINATION OR SUSPENSION OF THE PLAN. (a) The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. Unless sooner terminated, the Plan shall terminate on March 11, 2006, which shall be within ten (10) years from the date the Plan is adopted by the Board or approved by the stockholders of the Company, whichever is earlier. No Options may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated. (b) Rights and obligations under any Option granted while the Plan is in effect shall not be altered or impaired by suspension or termination of the Plan, except with the consent of the person to whom the Option was granted. 13. EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN. The Plan shall become effective as determined by the Board, but no Options granted under the Plan shall be exercised unless and until the Plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company, and, if required, an appropriate permit has been issued by the Commissioner of Corporations of the State of California. 8. -----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----