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Share-Based Compensation (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Income Tax Benefit Recognized for our Share-Based Compensation Arrangements
Compensation cost charged against income, primarily selling, general and administrative expense, and the income tax benefit recognized for our share-based compensation arrangements is included below:
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
(In thousands)
 
 
Total share-based compensation cost
$
14,647

 
$
18,178

 
$
17,745

Income tax benefit
5,566

 
7,069

 
6,867

Fair Values for SARs and Stock Options Estimated on Grant Date Using Black-Scholes-Merton Option-Pricing Formula Which Incorporates Assumptions
We recognize compensation cost for all awards based on their fair values. The fair values for SARs are estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing formula which incorporates the assumptions noted in the following table. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility, and expected term is based on historical exercise patterns of SAR holders. The fair value of restricted stock units with service vesting conditions or performance vesting conditions is the closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant. We estimate the fair value of certain restricted stock units with market conditions using a Monte Carlo simulation valuation model with the assistance of a third party valuation firm. Compensation costs for awards with service conditions are amortized to expense using the straight-line method. Compensation costs for awards with performance conditions and graded vesting are amortized to expense using the graded attribution method.
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
(In thousands, except weighted average fair
value and assumptions)
Weighted-average fair value of SARs and options granted
$
27.31

 
$
18.79

 
$
31.22

Total intrinsic value of SARs converted and options exercised
7,156

 
9,678

 
14,697

Cash received for options exercised

 

 
30

Tax benefit related to share-based compensation
967

 
1,171

 
5,050

Weighted-average fair value of restricted stock shares and units granted
79.96

 
54.52

 
96.52

Total fair value of restricted stock shares and units vested
10,355

 
8,171

 
7,696

Expected volatility
36.89
%
 
37.47
%
 
35.66
%
Expected term (in years)
5.6

 
5.7

 
5.7

Risk-free rate
2.01
%
 
1.32
%
 
1.59
%
Dividend yield
0.27
%
 
0.38
%
 
0.22
%
Summary of Share Based Compensation Activity
 
SARs and Stock Options
 
Restricted Shares and Units
 
Number
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
 
Number
 
Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 
 
 
(In thousands, except exercise prices, fair values, and contractual terms)
 
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2017
1,124

 
$
56.79

 
 
 
 
 
454

 
$
69.55

Granted
254

 
74.91

 
 
 
 
 
222

 
79.96

Exercised or converted
(210
)
 
44.08

 
 
 
 
 
(145
)
 
71.27

Forfeited or expired
(36
)
 
71.02

 
 
 
 
 
(35
)
 
75.56

Outstanding at December 31, 2017
1,132

 
$
62.75

 
6.9
 
$
16,327

 
496

 
$
78.03

Vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2017
1,118

 
$
62.65

 
6.8
 
$
16,234

 
 
 
 
Exercisable or convertible at December 31, 2017
623

 
58.57

 
5.6
 
11,585