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Business and Geographic Segment Information
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Business and Geographic Segment Information Business and Geographic Segment Information
Laureate’s educational services are offered through six operating segments: Brazil, Mexico, Peru (formerly Andean), Central America, Rest of World and Online & Partnerships. Following the March 2020 sale of NSAD, Laureate’s last remaining U.S. campus-based institution, the Central America & U.S. Campuses segment is now called the Central America segment. Following the September 2020 sale of Chile, the former Andean segment is now called the Peru segment. Laureate determines its operating segments based on information utilized by the chief operating decision maker to allocate resources and assess performance.

Our campus-based segments generate revenues by providing an education that emphasizes profession-oriented fields of study with undergraduate and graduate degrees in a wide range of disciplines. Our educational offerings are increasingly utilizing online and hybrid (a combination of online and in-classroom) courses and programs to deliver their curriculum. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have temporarily transitioned the educational delivery method at all of our campus-based institutions to be online and are leveraging our existing technologies and learning platforms to serve students outside of the traditional classroom setting. Many of our largest campus-based operations are in developing markets which are experiencing a growing demand for higher education based on favorable demographics and increasing secondary completion rates, driving increases in participation rates and resulting in continued growth in the number of higher education students. Traditional higher education students (defined as 18-24 year olds) have historically been served by public universities, which have limited capacity and are often underfunded, resulting in an inability to meet the growing student demand and employer requirements. This supply and demand imbalance has created a market opportunity for private sector participants. Most students finance their own education. However, there are some government-sponsored student financing programs which are discussed below. These campus-based segments include Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Central America, and Rest of World. Specifics related to each of these campus-based segments and our Online & Partnerships segment are discussed below.
In Brazil, approximately 73% of post-secondary students are enrolled in private higher education institutions. While the federal government defines the national curricular guidelines, institutions are licensed to operate by city. Laureate owns 11 institutions in seven states throughout Brazil, with a particularly strong presence in the competitive São Paulo market. Most students finance their own education, while others rely on the government-sponsored programs such as Prouni and Fundo de Financiamento Estudantil (FIES). The entire Brazil segment is included in Discontinued Operations.

Public universities in Mexico enroll approximately two-thirds of students attending post-secondary education. However, many public institutions are faced with capacity constraints or the quality of the education is considered low. Laureate owns two institutions and is present throughout the country with a footprint of over 35 campuses. Each institution in Mexico has a national license. Students in our Mexican institutions typically finance their own education.

The Peru segment includes three institutions, where the public sector plays a significant role, but private universities are increasingly providing the capacity to meet growing demand.

The Central America segment includes an institution in Honduras, which is included in Discontinued Operations. Students in Central America typically finance their own education.

The Rest of World segment includes campus-based institutions in Asia Pacific with operations in Australia and New Zealand. Additionally, the Rest of World segment manages one institution in China through a joint venture arrangement. The entire Rest of World segment is included in Discontinued Operations.

The Online & Partnerships segment includes fully online institutions that offer profession-oriented degree programs in the United States through Walden University (Walden), a U.S.-based accredited institution, and through the University of Liverpool and the University of Roehampton in the United Kingdom. These online institutions primarily serve working adults with undergraduate and graduate degree program offerings. Students in the United States finance their education in a variety of ways, including Title IV programs. We no longer accept new enrollments at the University of Liverpool and the University of Roehampton, which are in a teach-out process. The entire Online & Partnerships segment is included in Discontinued Operations.

As discussed in Note 1, Description of Business, and Note 4, Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale, several of our subsidiaries have met the requirements to be classified as discontinued operations. As a result, the operations of the Brazil, Central America, Rest of World and Online & Partnerships segments have been excluded from the segment information for all periods presented.

Intersegment transactions are accounted for in a similar manner as third-party transactions and are eliminated in consolidation. The Corporate amounts presented in the following tables include corporate charges that were not allocated to our reportable segments and adjustments to eliminate intersegment items.

We evaluate segment performance based on Adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP performance measure defined as Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in net income of affiliates, adding back the following items: Gain (loss) on sale or disposal of subsidiaries, Foreign currency exchange gain, net, Other income, net, (Loss) gain on derivatives, Loss on debt extinguishment, Interest expense, Interest income, Depreciation and amortization expense, Loss on impairment of assets, Share-based compensation expense and expenses related to our Excellence-in-Process (EiP) initiative. EiP is an enterprise-wide initiative to optimize and standardize Laureate’s processes, creating vertical integration of procurement, information technology, finance, accounting and human resources. It included the establishment of regional shared services organizations (SSOs) around the world, as well as improvements to the Company's system of internal controls over financial reporting. The EiP initiative also includes other back- and mid-office areas, as well as certain student-facing activities, expenses associated with streamlining the organizational structure and certain non-recurring costs incurred in connection with the planned dispositions described in Note 4, Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale, and the completed dispositions described in Note 5, Dispositions. Beginning in the third quarter of 2019, EiP also includes expenses associated with an enterprise-wide program aimed at revenue growth.

When we review Adjusted EBITDA on a segment basis, we exclude intercompany revenues and expenses related to network fees and royalties between our segments, which eliminate in consolidation. We use total assets as the measure of assets for reportable segments.
The following tables provide financial information for our reportable segments, including a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in net income of affiliates, as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations:
For the three months endedFor the nine months ended
September 30,September 30,
2020201920202019
Revenues
Mexico$115,949 $145,790 $385,021 $464,709 
Peru127,314 130,805 351,413 391,055 
Corporate260 672 3,264 4,460 
Revenues$243,523 $277,267 $739,698 $860,224 
Adjusted EBITDA of reportable segments
Mexico$15,530 $23,064 $58,544 $80,476 
Peru56,474 45,232 128,975 133,783 
Total Adjusted EBITDA of reportable segments72,004 68,296 187,519 214,259 
Reconciling items:
Corporate(21,636)(37,832)(72,439)(110,033)
Depreciation and amortization expense(18,186)(20,368)(55,949)(61,618)
Loss on impairment of assets(323,398)— (350,939)(248)
Share-based compensation expense(2,627)(1,244)(7,899)(7,537)
EiP expenses(24,392)(27,263)(66,471)(56,122)
Operating loss(318,235)(18,411)(366,178)(21,299)
Interest income684 912 1,594 2,594 
Interest expense(24,703)(28,318)(75,698)(101,548)
Loss on debt extinguishment— (200)— (22,059)
Gain (loss) on derivatives— 283 (626)9,166 
Other income, net1,301 992 814 9,090 
Foreign currency (loss) gain, net(2,907)7,659 71,074 7,601 
Gain (loss) on disposal of subsidiaries, net621 (1,474)(1,178)(1,474)
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in net income of affiliates$(343,239)$(38,557)$(370,198)$(117,929)

September 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Assets
Mexico$1,121,783 $1,315,377 
Peru716,745 643,473 
Corporate and Discontinued Operations3,336,621 4,537,573 
Total assets$5,175,149 $6,496,423