INCOME TAXES

The components of income (loss) before taxes from continuing operations consisted of the following for the years ended December 31 (in thousands):



	2015			2014			2013
Domestic	$	40,176		$	(87,179	)	$	19,787
Foreign	(3,076		)	2,429			(20,619		)
Income (loss) before taxes from continuing operations	$	37,100		$	(84,750	)	$	(832	)

The provision for (benefit of) income taxes from continuing operations for the years ended December 31 consisted of the following (in thousands):



	2015			2014			2013
Current:
U.S. Federal	$	12,294		$	1,684		$	3,635
State	2,010			1,265			1,507
Foreign	1,371			733			892
Total current	15,675			3,682			6,034
Deferred:
U.S. Federal	(178		)	(6,373		)	2,655
State	273			(203		)	(2,847		)
Foreign	(2,146		)	(64		)	(1,045		)
Total deferred	(2,051		)	(6,640		)	(1,237		)
Provision for income taxes	$	13,624		$	(2,958	)	$	4,797

The (benefit of) provision for income taxes from discontinued operations for the years ended December 31 consisted of the following (in thousands):



	2015			2014			2013
Current:
U.S. Federal	$	(15	)	$	(18	)	$	(3	)
State	(1		)	(1		)	—
Foreign	—			—			—
(Benefit of) provision for income taxes	$	(16	)	$	(19	)	$	(3	)

The provision for income taxes from continuing operations differs from the federal statutory rate of 35% for the years December 31 due to the following (in thousands):



	2015					2014					2013
Statutory rate	$	12,985		35.0	%	$	(29,664	)	35.0	%	$	(291	)	35.0	%
Intangible asset impairment	—			—	%	26,637			(31.4	)%	7,241			(870.3	)%
State taxes, less federal effect	1,845			5.0	%	606			(0.7	)%	1,382			(166.1	)%
Change in valuation allowance	284			0.7	%	94			(0.1	)%	(2,268		)	272.6	%
Federal tax credits	(242		)	(0.7	)%	(255		)	0.3	%	(517		)	62.1	%
Uncertain tax positions	(344		)	(0.9	)%	(169		)	0.2	%	(515		)	61.9	%
Foreign rate differential	(6		)	—	%	(311		)	0.4	%	(163		)	19.6	%
Non-deductible expenses	(793		)	(2.1	)%	173			(0.2	)%	(66		)	7.9	%
Other	(105		)	(0.3	)%	(69		)	—	%	(6		)	0.7	%
	$	13,624		36.7	%	$	(2,958	)	3.5	%	$	4,797		(576.6	)%

Deferred tax liabilities (assets) at December 31 consist of the following (in thousands):



	2015			2014
Depreciation	$	18,667		$	18,896
Goodwill	36,058			29,175
Intangible assets	19,291			18,637
Other	1,742			1,464
Gross deferred tax liabilities	75,758			68,172
Equity compensation	(13,023		)	(11,826		)
Other	(20,847		)	(16,988		)
Gross deferred tax assets	(33,870		)	(28,814		)
Valuation allowances	766			400
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowances	(33,104		)	(28,414		)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	42,654		$	39,758

The Company early adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Boards Accounting Standards Update 2015-17, "Income Taxes (Topic 740)" effective December 31, 2015. The Update requires deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The Company adopted this Update on a prospective basis. Therefore, the Company reclassed its current deferred tax assets included in other current assets to deferred income taxes (noncurrent liability) on its Balance Sheet at December 31, 2015. Net current deferred tax assets of $10,014,000 are included in other current assets in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2014.

Deferred taxes include net deferred tax assets relating to certain state and foreign tax jurisdictions. A reduction of the carrying amount of deferred tax assets by a valuation allowance is required if it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. The following sets forth a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of the Company’s valuation allowance (in thousands):



	2015			2014			2013
Balance as of January 1	$	400		$	306		$	2,574
Cost charged to the tax provision	286			144			—
Purchase accounting adjustment	158			—			—
Reductions	(78		)	(50		)	(2,268		)
Balance as of December 31	$	766		$	400		$	306

The Company made net payments for income taxes, for the following amounts for the years ended December 31 (in thousands):



	2015			2014			2013
Payments made for income taxes, net	$	(11,879	)	$	(6,509	)	$	(7,564	)

Provision has not been made for U.S. taxes on $28,830,000 of undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries. Those earnings have been and will continue to be indefinitely reinvested. As of December 31, 2015, the Company’s foreign operations held $29,261,000 of cash that provides foreign operations with liquidity to reinvest in working capital and capital expenditures for their operations. Any excess earnings could be used to grow the Company’s foreign operations through launches of new capital projects or additional acquisitions. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred U.S. income tax liability is not practicable due to the complexities associated with its hypothetical calculation.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):



	2015			2014			2013
Balance as of January 1	$	1,414		$	1,694		$	2,485
Additions for tax positions of the current year	148			180			83
Additions for tax positions of prior years	2,955			93			—
Reductions for tax positions of prior years for:
Settlements and changes in judgment	(331		)	(154		)	(26		)
Lapses of applicable statute of limitations	(310		)	(399		)	(848		)
Balance as of December 31	$	3,876		$	1,414		$	1,694

The Company and its U.S. subsidiaries file a U.S. federal consolidated income tax return. Foreign and U.S. state jurisdictions have statute of limitations generally ranging from four to ten years. Currently, the Company is under examination in Germany for 2009 through 2012. The Company's U.S. federal consolidated income tax return remains subject to examination for 2014 and 2015.

All unrecognized tax benefits would affect the effective tax rate, if recognized as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. The Company classifies accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Interest (net of federal tax benefit) and penalties recognized during the years ended December 31 were (in thousands):



	2015			2014			2013
Interest and penalties recognized as income	$	(87	)	$	(28	)	$	(92	)

At December 31, 2015, the Company had net operating loss carry forwards for federal, state, and foreign income tax purposes totaling $30,383,000. The federal and state net operating loss carry forwards will expire between 2016 and 2025. The foreign net operating loss carry forwards have an indefinite carry forward period. The Company recognized $2,571,000 of deferred tax assets, net of the federal tax benefit, related to these net operating losses prior to any valuation allowances.