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Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Guidance
3 Months Ended
May 02, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Guidance
Basis of Presentation and New Accounting Guidance
Description of the Business
Guess?, Inc. (the “Company” or “GUESS?”) designs, markets, distributes and licenses a leading lifestyle collection of contemporary apparel and accessories for men, women and children that reflect the American lifestyle and European fashion sensibilities. The Company’s designs are sold in GUESS? owned stores, to a network of wholesale accounts that includes better department stores, selected specialty retailers and upscale boutiques and through the Internet. GUESS? branded products, some of which are produced under license, are also sold internationally through a series of retail store licensees and wholesale distributors.
Basis of Presentation
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company contain all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of May 2, 2020 and February 1, 2020, the condensed consolidated statements of loss, comprehensive loss, cash flows and stockholders’ equity for the three months ended May 2, 2020 and May 4, 2019. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they have been condensed and do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The results of operations for the three months ended May 2, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the full fiscal year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended February 1, 2020.
The three months ended May 2, 2020 had the same number of days as the three months ended May 4, 2019. All references herein to “fiscal 2021,” “fiscal 2020” and “fiscal 2019” represent the results of the 52-week fiscal year ending January 30, 2021 and the 52-week fiscal years ended February 1, 2020 and February 2, 2019, respectively.
Reclassifications
The Company has made certain reclassifications to prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation within the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and disclosed in the accompanying notes. Significant areas requiring the use of management estimates relate to the allowances for doubtful accounts, sales return and markdown allowances, gift card and loyalty accruals, valuation of inventories, share-based compensation, recoverability of deferred taxes, unrecognized tax benefits, the useful life of assets for depreciation and amortization, evaluation of asset impairment, pension obligations, workers’ compensation and medical self-insurance expense and accruals, litigation reserves and restructuring expense and accruals. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Revisions in estimates could materially impact the results of operations and financial position.
As discussed further below, the coronavirus (or “COVID-19”) pandemic has materially impacted the Company’s results during the three months ended May 2, 2020. The Company’s operations could continue to be impacted in ways we are not able to predict today due to the developing situation. While the Company believes it has made reasonable accounting estimates based on the facts and circumstances that were available as of the reporting date, to the extent there are differences between these estimates and actual results, the Company’s results of operations and financial position could be materially impacted.
COVID-19 Business Update
The COVID-19 pandemic has had and is continuing to have a material impact on the Company’s financial performance. The pandemic is ongoing and dynamic in nature and, to date, the Company has experienced temporary closures in key regions globally, along with other major retailers. Beginning in mid-April, the Company began to reopen some of its stores in Europe. In May 2020, the Company began to reopen some of its stores in the U.S. and Canada. In Asia, where store closures related to COVID-19 began, all of the Company’s directly-operated stores have reopened. The Company will continue to reopen stores in phases, as state and local guidelines and conditions permit, taking an informed, measured approach based on a number of factors. The Company’s e-commerce sites remain open in all regions. In addition, retail stores that are open have and continue to experience significant reductions in traffic and therefore, revenue. The Company’s e-commerce sites have experienced lower traffic, but this has been partially offset by a strengthening in conversion. Many of the Company’s wholesale and licensing partners have also substantially reduced their operations. The Company has and will continue to bring back store associates and support staff as stores reopen. The extent and duration of the global pandemic remains uncertain and may continue to impact consumer purchasing activity throughout the year.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, in addition to the negative impact from lower net revenue, the Company’s operating results also reflected asset impairment charges as well as additional inventory valuation reserves and higher allowances for markdowns and doubtful accounts due to the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. These charges were partially offset by the favorable impact from various European and U.S. government assistance programs related primarily to the recovery of employee payroll costs as well as certain favorable tax treatments.
During the first half of fiscal 2021, the Company implemented a number of measures to help mitigate the operating and financial impact of the pandemic, including: (i) furloughing its U.S. and Canada store associates and significant portions of its U.S. and Canada corporate and distribution center associates and permanently reducing U.S. corporate headcount; (ii) implementing temporary tiered salary reductions for management level corporate employees, including its executive officers; (iii) deferring annual merit increases; (iv) executing substantial reductions in expenses, store occupancy costs, capital expenditures and overall costs, including through reduced inventory purchases; (v) working globally with country management teams to maximize the Company’s participation in all eligible government or other initiatives available to businesses or employees impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic; (vi) drawing down on certain credit facilities and entering into certain term loans to ensure financial flexibility and maintain maximum liquidity; (vii) engaging with landlords to negotiate rent deferrals or other rent concessions; (viii) working with vendors to extend payment terms; and (ix) postponing its decision related to the payment of its quarterly cash dividend.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments in various jurisdictions have implemented relief programs to provide assistance in the form of wage subsidies and tax related payment deferrals (related to payroll, income, sales and other taxes). The Company is leveraging these relief initiatives where able to help mitigate expenses and provide additional liquidity. An example of such an economic relief program is the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act, which was enacted by the U.S. government in March 2020. The provisions of the Act include the deferral of the employer portion of social security taxes, creation of refundable employee retention tax credits, relaxation of the net interest deduction limitations, technical amendment for qualified improvement property deduction and modification of net operating loss carryback periods.
In light of store closures, the Company has taken certain actions with respect to certain of its existing leases, including engaging with landlords to discuss rent deferrals as well as other rent concessions. Consistent with updated guidance from the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in April 2020, the Company has elected to treat such agreed-upon payment deferrals related to the COVID-19 pandemic as if there were no modifications to the lease contract and has accrued such amounts within the current portion of operating lease liabilities in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet. The Company has elected to treat other rent concessions which result in reduced lease payments as variable lease payments if the concessions that are provided are for a period of less than 12 months. For any rent concessions which reduce the lease payments for a period of more than 12 months or change the payment terms from minimum rental amounts to amounts based on a percentage of sales volume for the remainder of the lease term, the Company has elected to treat such changes as lease modifications under the current lease guidance.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes the majority of its revenue from its direct-to-consumer (brick-and-mortar retail stores and concessions as well as e-commerce) and wholesale distribution channels at a point in time when it satisfies a performance obligation and transfers control of the product to the respective customer.
The Company also recognizes royalty revenue from its trademark license agreements. The Company’s trademark license agreements represent symbolic licenses that are dependent on the Company’s continued support over the term of the license agreement. The amount of revenue that is recognized from the licensing arrangements is based on sales-based royalty and advertising fund contributions as well as specific fixed payments, where applicable. The Company’s trademark license agreements customarily provide for a multi-year initial term ranging from three to ten years, and may contain options to renew prior to expiration for an additional multi-year period. The unrecognized portion of upfront payments is included in deferred royalties in accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities depending on the short or long-term nature of the payments to be recognized. As of May 2, 2020, the Company had $6.5 million and $17.1 million of deferred royalties related to these upfront payments included in accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities, respectively. This compares to $6.7 million and $18.7 million of deferred royalties related to these upfront payments included in accrued expenses and other long-term liabilities, respectively, at February 1, 2020. During the three months ended May 2, 2020 and May 4, 2019, the Company recognized $3.6 million and $3.1 million in net royalties related to the amortization of the deferred royalties, respectively.
Refer to Note 8 for further information on disaggregation of revenue by segment and country.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
During the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company adopted authoritative guidance related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. This guidance replaces the current “as incurred” loss model with an “expected loss” model which requires the recognition of an allowance for credit losses expected to be incurred over an asset’s lifetime. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts.
In the normal course of business, the Company grants credit directly to certain wholesale customers after a credit analysis is performed based on financial and other criteria. Accounts receivable are recorded net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that may result from the inability of its wholesale customers and licensing partners to make their required payments. The Company bases its allowances on analysis of the aging of accounts receivable at the date of the financial statements, assessments of historical and current collection trends, an evaluation of the impact of current and future forecasted economic conditions and whether the Company has obtained credit insurance or other guarantees. Management performs regular evaluations concerning the ability of its customers and records a provision for doubtful accounts based on these evaluations.
As of May 2, 2020, approximately 54% of the Company’s total net trade accounts receivable and 66% of its European net trade receivables were subject to credit insurance coverage, certain bank guarantees or letters of credit for collection purposes. The Company’s credit insurance coverage contains certain terms and conditions specifying deductibles and annual claim limits. Management evaluates the creditworthiness of the counterparties to the credit insurance, bank guarantees, and letters of credit and records a provision for the risk of loss on these instruments based on these evaluations as considered necessary.
The Company’s credit losses for the periods presented were not significant compared to sales and did not significantly exceed management’s estimates. Refer to Note 5 for further information on the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts.
Other Assets
During fiscal 2019, the Company invested $8.3 million in a privately-held apparel company and holds a 30% minority interest. The Company’s ownership in this company is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The Company recognized its proportionate share of net losses of $2.1 million in other expense in its condensed consolidated statements of loss during the three months ended May 2, 2020.
New Accounting Guidance
Changes in Accounting Policies
In June 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. This guidance replaces the current “as incurred” loss model with an “expected loss” model which requires the recognition of an allowance for credit losses expected to be incurred over an asset’s lifetime. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts impacting the collectibility of the reported amounts. This guidance was adopted as of February 2, 2020 on a modified retrospective basis and did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or related disclosures.
In August 2018, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. This guidance was adopted as of February 2, 2020 on a prospective basis and did not have a material impact on the Company’s related disclosures.
In August 2018, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). The Company adopted this guidance as of February 2, 2020 on a prospective basis. Prior to the adoption of this guidance, the Company capitalized implementation costs related to a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to property and equipment, net in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and included such expenditures within the investing section of the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows. These assets were amortized over their estimated useful life with the related amortization included in depreciation and amortization in either cost of product sales or selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of income (loss) depending on the nature of how the assets were used. Subsequent to the adoption of this guidance, these costs are included within other current assets or other assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets depending on the short or long-term nature of the underlying hosting agreement with such expenditures included in the operating section of the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows. These assets are now amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful life or the term of the underlying hosting agreement, including any probable renewal periods, with the related amortization included in cost of product sales or SG&A expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of income (loss), consistent with the presentation of the expense related to the underlying hosting arrangement. The adoption of this guidance, including the different classification requirements for the implementation costs, did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or the related disclosures.
Recently Issued Accounting Guidance
In August 2018, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to modify the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, which will be the Company’s first quarter of fiscal 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its related disclosures.
In December 2019, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions to general principles related to intraperiod tax allocations, ownership changes in foreign investments and calculating income taxes in an interim period when year-to-date losses exceed total anticipated losses. The new guidance also simplifies the accounting for income taxes related to franchise taxes that are partially based on income, the step up in the tax basis of goodwill, allocation of current and deferred tax expense for certain legal entities and enacted changes in tax laws or rates during interim periods, among other improvements. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, which will be the Company’s first quarter of fiscal 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In March 2020, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions related to contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens of the expected market transition from LIBOR and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates, such as SOFR. This guidance may be adopted as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. This temporary relief cannot be applied to contract modifications after December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating its election options and the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.