Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

The components of our income before income taxes are as follows:


	2020		2019		2018
Income (Loss) before income taxes:
Domestic	$	(45,973)	$	(79,821)	$	(59,233)
Foreign	(97,437)		14,721		16,005
Total	$	(143,410)	$	(65,100)	$	(43,228)

The components of income tax provision for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

The overall effective tax rate differs from the statutory federal tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 as follows:


	% of Pretax Loss
	2020		2019		2018
Tax provision based on the federal statutory rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
Increase in valuation allowances	(8.5)		(21.3)		(34.8)
Dividends Not Taxable	9.5		—		—
Net Operating Loss Carryback Claim	6.2		—		—
Change in Carryforward Attributes	(3.2)		—		—
Global intangible low-taxed income inclusion	(0.3)		(7.0)		(6.6)
One-Time transition tax	—		—		(2.8)
Nondeductible expenses	(13.5)		(1.8)		(2.3)
Taxes related to distributions	—		(0.8)		(2.3)
Foreign income tax rate differential	(3.3)		1.0		(1.5)
Deemed income related to foreign operations	(1.6)		(0.5)		(1.5)
Tax rate change	(0.3)		(1.1)		(1.4)
Employee share-based payments	(1.4)		—		0.1
Other	(0.4)		(0.9)		0.6
Deferred and payable adjustments	(2.6)		3.3		0.9
ASU 842 Adoption	—		(0.1)		—
State taxes, net of federal benefit, before valuation allowance	0.5		2.8		2.4
Return to provision adjustments	0.9		(2.5)		2.7
Other tax credits	0.2		(1.9)		5.1
U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act - rate change adjustment	—		—		6.4
Uncertain tax positions and audit settlements	(7.5)		2.8		9.4
Effective tax rate	(4.3)	%	(7.0)	%	(4.6)	%

The components of our net deferred income tax assets and net deferred income tax (liabilities) at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:


(in thousands)	2020		2019
Deferred income tax assets:
Intangibles	$	17,395	$	20,624
Stock options and restricted stock awards	2,544		6,065
Reserves and allowances	10,450		11,959
Net operating loss carryforwards	67,025		57,782
Tax credit carryforwards	18,813		12,749
Accrued liabilities	6,077		3,218
Deferred revenue	4,637		3,940
Lease Tax Asset	8,343		5,970
163(j) Limitation Carryforward	2,854		1,519
Valuation allowance	(123,113)		(109,643)
Total deferred income tax assets	15,025		14,183

Deferred income tax liabilities:
Intangibles	2,548		4,495
Property, plant and equipment	2,662		3,282
Lease Tax Liability	6,379		4,195
Liabilities related to distributions	—		—
Other	1,345		830
Total deferred income tax liabilities	12,934		12,802

Deferred income tax asset held for sale	$	560	$	—

Net deferred income tax assets	$	1,531	$	1,381


	Unrecognized Tax Benefits*
(in thousands)	2020		2019		2018
Balance at January 1	$	(15,467)	$	(13,031)	$	(18,310)
Increases related to prior year tax positions	(10,426)		(2,684)		(1,400)
Decreases related to prior year tax positions	788		857		8,272
Increases related to current year tax positions	(797)		(609)		(1,593)


Balance at December 31	$	(25,902)	$	(15,467)	$	(13,031)

* The unrecognized tax benefit balance includes an insignificant amount of interest and penalties.

The following presents the changes in the balance of our deferred income tax asset valuation allowance:


Year Ended	Item	Balance at beginning of year		Additions (reductions) charged to expense		Other		Balance at end of year
2020	Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance	$	109,643	$	13,470	$	—	$	123,113
2019	Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance	95,398		14,245		—		109,643
2018	Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance	80,796		14,602		—		95,398