Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of Income Before Income Taxes

The components of our income before income taxes are as follows:

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	2019		2018		2017
Income (Loss) before income taxes:
Domestic	$	(79,821)	$	(59,233)	$	(75,965)
Foreign	14,721		16,005		18,444
Total	$	(65,100)	$	(43,228)	$	(57,521)

Components of Income Tax Provision

The components of income tax provision for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

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	2019		2018		2017
Current:
U.S. federal	$	(135)	$	(5,882)	$	(83)
State	801		286		741
Foreign	7,220		10,621		12,711
Total	7,886		5,025		13,369
Deferred:
U.S. federal	(1,008)		(322)		—
State	—		3		1,097
Foreign	(2,346)		(2,671)		(6,664)
Total	(3,354)		(2,990)		(5,567)
Total income tax provision	$	4,532	$	2,035	$	7,802

Schedule of Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation

The overall effective tax rate differs from the statutory federal tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 as follows:

	% of Pretax Loss
	2019		2018		2017
Tax provision based on the federal statutory rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	35.0	%
Increase in valuation allowances	(21.3)		(34.8)		48.8
Global intangible low-taxed income inclusion	(7.0)		(6.6)		—
One-Time transition tax	—		(2.8)		(16.5)
Nondeductible expenses	(1.8)		(2.3)		(3.3)
Taxes related to distributions	(0.8)		(2.3)		—
Foreign income tax rate differential	1.0		(1.5)		—
Deemed income related to foreign operations	(0.5)		(1.5)		(4.1)
Tax rate change	(1.1)		(1.4)		2.2
Employee share-based payments	—		0.1		(13.2)
Other	(0.9)		0.6		2.9
Deferred and payable adjustments	3.3		0.9		(1.1)
ASU 842 Adoption	(0.1)		—		—
State taxes, net of federal benefit, before valuation allowance	2.8		2.4		1.0
Return to provision adjustments	(2.5)		2.7		2.0
Other tax credits	(1.9)		5.1		—
U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act - rate change adjustment	—		6.4		(65.9)
Uncertain tax positions and audit settlements	2.8		9.4		(1.4)
Effective tax rate	(7.0)	%	(4.6)	%	(13.6)	%

Components of Net Deferred Income Tax Assets and Net Deferred Income Tax Liabilities

The components of our net deferred income tax assets and net deferred income tax (liabilities) at December 31, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

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(in thousands)	2019		2018
Deferred income tax assets:
Intangibles	$	20,624	$	22,530
Stock options and restricted stock awards	6,065		5,916
Reserves and allowances	11,959		15,656
Net operating loss carryforwards	57,782		41,356
Tax credit carryforwards	12,749		13,669
Accrued liabilities	3,218		3,040
Deferred revenue	3,940		5,036
Lease Tax Asset	5,970		—
163(j) Limitation Carryforward	1,519		—
Valuation allowance	(109,643)		(95,398)
Total deferred income tax assets	14,183		11,805
Deferred income tax liabilities:
Intangibles	4,495		6,994
Property, plant and equipment	3,282		5,265
Lease Tax Liability	4,195		—
Liabilities related to distributions	—		997
Other	830		522
Total deferred income tax liabilities	12,802		13,778
Net deferred income tax assets/( liabilities)	$	1,381	$	(1,973)

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

	Unrecognized Tax Benefits*
(in thousands)	2019		2018		2017
Balance at January 1	$	(13,031)	$	(18,310)	$	(18,251)
Increases related to prior year tax positions	(2,684)		(1,400)		(4,104)
Decreases related to prior year tax positions	857		8,272		4,045
Increases related to current year tax positions	(609)		(1,593)		—
Balance at December 31	$	(15,467)	$	(13,031)	$	(18,310)

*The unrecognized tax benefit balance includes an insignificant amount of interest and penalties.

Summary of Deferred Income Tax Asset Valuation Allowance

The following presents the changes in the balance of our deferred income tax asset valuation allowance:

Year Ended	Item	Balance at beginning of year		Additions (reductions) charged to expense		Other		Balance at end of year
2019	Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance	$	95,398	$	14,245	$	—	$	109,643
2018	Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance	80,796		14,602		—		95,398
2017	Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance	109,913		(28,071)		(1,046)		80,796