10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2019

OR

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to .

Commission File Number: 001-31573

Medifast, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	13-3714405
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

100 International Drive

Baltimore, Maryland 21202

Telephone Number: (410) 581-8042

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Zip Code and Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ⌧	Accelerated filer ◻	Non-accelerated filer ◻	Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by checkmark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ⌧

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class:	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	MED	NYSE

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding at November 1, 2019 was 11,615,371.

Medifast, Inc. and subsidiaries

Index

Part 1 – Financial Information:
Item 1 – Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited) for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited) for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited) for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018	6
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	8
Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	15
Item 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	21
Item 4 – Controls and Procedures	21
Part II – Other Information:
Item 1 – Legal Proceedings	21
Item 1A – Risk Factors	22
Item 2 – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	22
Item 6 – Exhibits	22

1

MEDIFAST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share amounts & dividend data)

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Revenue	$	190,061	$	139,239	$	543,040	$	355,159
Cost of sales		47,128		32,038		134,250		84,351
Gross profit		142,933		107,201		408,790		270,808
Selling, general, and administrative		122,671		89,734		336,458		221,548
Income from operations		20,262		17,467		72,332		49,260
Other income (expense)
Interest income, net		324		361		1,061		940
Other income (expense)		(3)		-		(11)		178
		321		361		1,050		1,118
Income from operations before income taxes		20,583		17,828		73,382		50,378
Provision for income taxes		4,681		4,047		15,347		10,242
Net income	$	15,902	$	13,781	$	58,035	$	40,136
Earnings per share - basic	$	1.36	$	1.15	$	4.91	$	3.34
Earnings per share - diluted	$	1.32	$	1.14	$	4.77	$	3.31
Weighted average shares outstanding -
Basic		11,731		11,954		11,823		12,006
Diluted		12,065		12,097		12,174		12,112
Cash dividends declared per share	$	0.75	$	0.48	$	2.25	$	1.44

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

MEDIFAST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Net income	$	15,902	$	13,781	$	58,035	$	40,136
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation		(2)		(2)		(1)		(2)
Unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities		18		(45)		246		(104)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		16		(47)		245		(106)
Comprehensive income	$	15,918	$	13,734	$	58,280	$	40,030

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

MEDIFAST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except par value)

		September 30,		December 31,
		2019		2018
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	81,196	$	81,364
Accounts receivable-net of doubtful accounts of $1,860 and $394 at
September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively		1,451		1,011
Inventory		51,925		38,888
Investment securities		15,718		19,670
Income taxes, prepaid		3,200		-
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		4,817		4,586
Total current assets		158,307		145,519
Property, plant and equipment - net		26,247		19,747
Right-of-use asset		11,694		-
Other assets		453		1,183
Deferred tax assets		1,887		2,980
TOTAL ASSETS	$	198,588	$	169,429
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	75,015	$	60,323
Current lease obligation		2,507		-
Total current liabilities		77,522		60,323
Lease obligation, less current lease obligation		9,866		-
Total liabilities		87,388		60,323
Stockholders' Equity
Common stock, par value $.001 per share: 20,000 shares authorized;
12,126 and 12,117 issued and 11,612 and 11,868 outstanding
at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively		12		12
Additional paid-in capital		12,207		8,802
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		72		(173)
Retained earnings		162,902		131,344
Less: Treasury stock at cost, 489 and 193 shares at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively		(63,993)		(30,879)
Total stockholders' equity		111,200		109,106
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$	198,588	$	169,429

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

MEDIFAST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018
Operating Activities
Net income	$	58,035	$	40,136
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		3,363		3,519
Share-based compensation		3,415		2,352
Loss on sale of disposal of property, plant and equipment		17		50
Bad debt expense		3,209		642
Amortization of premium on investment securities		355		434
Deferred income taxes		1,093		(2,028)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(3,649)		(526)
Inventory		(13,037)		(23,615)
Income taxes, prepaid		(3,200)		2,272
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(232)		453
Other assets		188		134
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		15,552		21,655
Net cash flow provided by operating activities		65,109		45,478
Investing Activities
Sale and maturities of investment securities		3,730		2,245
Sale of property and equipment		-		184
Purchase of property and equipment		(9,224)		(3,246)
Net cash flow used in investing activities		(5,494)		(817)
Financing Activities
Options exercised by executives and directors		279		220
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes		(289)		(249)
Cash dividends paid to stockholders		(26,658)		(17,404)
Stock repurchases		(33,114)		(19,996)
Net cash flow used in financing activities		(59,782)		(37,429)
Foreign currency impact		(1)		(2)
Increase (Decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(168)		7,230
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of the period		81,364		75,077
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period	$	81,196	$	82,307
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Income taxes paid	$	17,333	$	9,540
Dividends declared included in accounts payable	$	8,955	$	5,981

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

MEDIFAST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

	Nine months ended September 30, 2019
	Number of Shares Issued		Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance, December 31, 2018	12,117	$	12	$	8,802	$	(173)	$	131,344	$	(30,879)	$	109,106
Net income	-		-		-		-		20,750		-		20,750
Share-based compensation	-		-		990		-		-		-		990
Options exercised by executives and directors	10		-		269		-		-		-		269
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes	(1)		-		(256)		-		-		-		(256)
Other comprehensive income	-		-		-		127		-		-		127
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	-		-		-		-		(8,918)		-		(8,918)
Balance, March 31, 2019	12,126		12		9,805		(46)		143,176		(30,879)		122,068
Net income	-		-		-		-		21,383		-		21,383
Share-based compensation	-		-		1,255		-		-		-		1,255
Options exercised by executives and directors	-		-		10		-		-		-		10
Other comprehensive income	-		-		-		102		-		-		102
Treasury stock from stock repurchases	-		-		-		-		-		(9,998)		(9,998)
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	-		-		-		-		(8,797)		-		(8,797)
Balance, June 30, 2019	12,126		12		11,070		56		155,762		(40,877)		126,023
Net income	-		-		-		-		15,902		-		15,902
Share-based compensation	-		-		1,170		-		-		-		1,170
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes	-		-		(33)		-		-		-		(33)
Other comprehensive income	-		-		-		16		-		-		16
Treasury stock from stock repurchases	-		-		-		-		-		(23,116)		(23,116)
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	-		-		-		-		(8,762)		-		(8,762)
Balance, September 30, 2019	12,126	$	12	$	12,207	$	72	$	162,902	$	(63,993)	$	111,200

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

MEDIFAST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands)

	Nine months ended September 30, 2018
	Number of Shares Issued		Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance, January 1, 2018, as reported	12,103	$	12	$	4,967	$	(160)	$	103,762	$	-	$	108,581
Cumulative effect adjustments from changes
in accounting standards	-		-		-		-		(2,018)		-		(2,018)
Balance January 1, 2018, as adjusted	12,103		12		4,967		(160)		101,744		-		106,563
Net income	-		-		-		-		12,222		-		12,222
Share-based compensation	16		-		805		-		-		-		805
Options exercised by executives and directors	14		-		62		-		-		-		62
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes	(3)		-		(215)		-		-		-		(215)
Treasury stock from cashless options	9		-		750		-		-		(750)		-
Other comprehensive loss	-		-		-		(84)		-		-		(84)
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	-		-		-		-		(5,723)		-		(5,723)
Balance, March 31, 2018	12,139		12		6,369		(244)		108,243		(750)	$	113,630
Net income	-		-		-		-		14,133		-		14,133
Share-based compensation	-		-		830		-		-		-		830
Options exercised by executives and directors	2		-		-		-		-		-		-
Treasury stock from stock repurchases	-		-		-		-		-		(19,996)		(19,996)
Other comprehensive income	-		-		-		25		-		-		25
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	-		-		-		-		(5,759)		-		(5,759)
Balance, June 30, 2018	12,141	$	12	$	7,199	$	(219)	$	116,617	$	(20,746)	$	102,863
Net income	-		-		-		-		13,781		-		13,781
Share-based compensation	-		-		717		-		-		-		717
Options exercised by executives and directors	4		-		158		-		-		-		158
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes	-		-		(34)		-		-		-		(34)
Other comprehensive loss	-		-		-		(47)		-		-		(47)
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	-		-		-		-		(5,797)		-		(5,797)
Balance, September 30, 2018	12,145	$	12	$	8,040	$	(266)	$	124,601	$	(20,746)	$	111,641

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

MEDIFAST, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation - The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Medifast, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) included herein have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim reporting and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, certain information and notes that are normally required by GAAP have been condensed or omitted. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting of normal, recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations have been included and management believes the disclosures that are made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date.

The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2018 audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (“2018 Form 10-K”).

Presentation of Financial Statements - The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein include the accounts of the Medifast, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Reclassification - Certain amounts reported for prior periods have been reclassified to be consistent with the current period presentation. No reclassification in the consolidated financial statements had a material impact on the presentation.

Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2019 – In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) to address a specific consequence of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) by allowing a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the TCJA’s reduction of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate. This ASU was effective for all entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, and was to be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the TCJA is recognized. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2019. There was no material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated results of operations or cash flows. The Company's policy for releasing disproportionate income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income utilizes the portfolio approach.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases, including operating leases, and also requires disclosures about the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. Subsequent to the issuance of Topic 842, the FASB clarified the guidance through several ASUs; hereinafter the collection of lease guidance is referred to as “ASC 842.”

8

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective method for all lease arrangements at the beginning of the period of adoption. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1, 2019 are presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under ASC 840, Leases. The standard had a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, but did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated net earnings and cash flows. The most significant impact was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases. For leases that commenced before the effective date of ASC 842, the Company elected the permitted practical expedients that do not require the Company to reassess: (i) whether any expired or existing contracts contain leases; (ii) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (iii) initial direct costs for any existing leases. The Company also elected to exclude leases with a term of 12 months or less in the recognized ROU assets and lease liabilities.

As a result of the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 842, the Company recorded ROU assets of $11.9 million, net of $686 thousand of accrued rent, and lease liabilities of $12.6 million as of January 1, 2019, primarily related to office and warehouse space and certain equipment, based on the present value of the future lease payments on the date of adoption.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The ROU asset also consists of any prepaid lease payments and lease incentives received. The lease terms used to calculate the ROU asset and related lease liability include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term as an operating expense. See Note 5 “LEASES” for additional information about this adoption.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements – In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), which addresses the accounting for implementation costs associated with a hosted service. The standard provides amendments to align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Management is currently evaluating the effect that the provisions of ASU 2018-15 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

2. INVENTORIES

Inventories consist principally of packaged meal replacements held in the Company’s warehouses. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, utilizing the first-in, first-out method. The cost of finished goods includes the cost of raw materials, packaging supplies, direct and indirect labor and other indirect manufacturing costs. On a quarterly basis, management reviews inventory for unsalable or obsolete inventory.

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Raw materials	$	12,680	$	11,156
Packaging		3,592		1,563
Non-food finished goods		5,102		2,391
Finished goods		33,766		25,509
Reserve for obsolete inventory		(3,215)		(1,731)
Total	$	51,925	$	38,888

9

3. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) computations are calculated utilizing the weighted average number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding during the periods presented. Diluted EPS is calculated utilizing the weighted average number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding adjusted for the effect of dilutive common stock equivalents.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income	$	15,902	$	13,781	$	58,035	$	40,136
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding		11,731		11,954		11,823		12,006
Effect of dilutive common stock equivalents		334		143		351		106
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding		12,065		12,097		12,174		12,112
Earnings per share - basic	$	1.36	$	1.15	$	4.91	$	3.34
Earnings per share - diluted	$	1.32	$	1.14	$	4.77	$	3.31

The calculation of diluted EPS excluded 1,100 and 0 antidilutive options outstanding for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 876 and 214 antidilutive options outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The calculation of diluted EPS also excluded 1,374 and 43 antidilutive restricted stock awards for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 709 and 297 antidilutive restricted stock awards for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. EPS is computed independently for each of the periods presented above, and accordingly, the sum of the quarterly earnings per common share may not equal the year-to-date total computed.

4. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock Options:

The Company has issued non-qualified and incentive stock options to employees and nonemployee directors. The fair value of these options are estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires estimates of the expected term of the option, the risk-free interest rate, the expected volatility of the price of the Company’s common stock, and dividend yield. Options outstanding as of September 30, 2019 generally vest over a period of three years and expire ten years from the date of grant. The exercise price of these options ranges from $26.52 to $171.68. Due to the Company’s lack of option exercise history, the expected term is calculated using the simplified method defined as the midpoint between the vesting period and the contractual term of each option. The risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect on the date of grant that most closely corresponds to the expected term of the option. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over the period of time equivalent to the expected term for each award. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company did not grant stock options. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the weighted average input assumptions used were as follows:

	2018
Expected term (in years)	6.4
Risk-free interest rate	2.64%
Expected volatility	33.30%
Dividend yield	2.87%

10

The following table is a summary of our stock option activity:

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2019			2018
	Shares	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Shares	Weighted-Average Exercise Price
(shares in thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period	107	$	49.26	106	$	31.18
Granted	-		-	51		67.50
Exercised	(10)		28.21	(23)		28.87
Forfeited	-		-	(8)		31.09
Outstanding at end of the period	97	$	52.53	126	$	46.51
Exercisable at end of the period	52	$	40.96	54	$	30.21

As of September 30, 2019, the weighted-average remaining contractual life for outstanding stock options was 7.36 years with an aggregate intrinsic value of $5.1 million and the weighted-average remaining contractual life for exercisable stock options was 6.59 years with an aggregate intrinsic value of $3.3 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company did not grant stock options. The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $18.08. The unrecognized compensation expense calculated under the fair value method for stock options expected to vest as of September 30, 2019 was $0.6 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.76 years. The Company received $279 thousand and $220 thousand in cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Upon exercising of stock options, the Company withheld shares of the Company’s common stock for employee taxes of 1 thousand and 3 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The total intrinsic value for stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $1.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively.

Restricted Stock:

The Company has issued restricted stock to employees and nonemployee directors generally with vesting terms up to five years after the date of grant. The fair value of the restricted stock is equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Expense for restricted stock is amortized ratably over the vesting period. The following table summarizes our restricted stock activity:

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2019			2018
	Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
(shares in thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period	57	$	50.55	129	$	32.15
Granted	28		130.89	18		79.80
Vested	(32)		47.14	(86)		31.61
Forfeited	(2)		167.48	-		-
Outstanding at end of the period	51	$	91.98	61	$	46.90

The total fair value of restricted stock awards vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $4.1 million and $7.5 million, respectively.

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The total share-based compensation charged against income was $1.2 million and $717 thousand during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $3.4 million and $2.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The total costs of the options and restricted stock awards charged against income was $723 thousand and $488 thousand during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $2.2 million and $1.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Also included for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $77 thousand, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $228 thousand and $229 thousand, respectively, for 63,300 performance-based deferred shares in expense for certain key executives. Included for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, was $152 thousand and $455 thousand, respectively, in expense for 210,000 performance-based contingent shares granted to our CEO that will vest based on the achievement of certain Company performance targets. Included for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $205 thousand and $497 thousand, respectively, for 17,780 performance-based contingent shares for certain other key executives granted in 2019.

The total income tax benefit recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for restricted stock awards was $249 thousand and $167 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and was $1.5 million and $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

There was $3.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards as of September 30, 2019, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.01 years. There was $2.1 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to the 291,080 performance-based shares discussed above as of September 30, 2019, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.15 years.

5. LEASES

The Company has operating leases for office and warehouse space and certain equipment. In certain of the Company’s lease agreements, the rental payments are adjusted periodically based on defined terms within the lease. The Company did not have any finance leases as of September 30, 2019 and for the nine-month period then ended.

Our leases relating to office and warehouse space have terms of 63 months to 122 months. Our leases relating to equipment have lease terms of 60 to 203 months, with some of them having clauses relating to automatic renewal.

The Company’s warehouse agreement also contains non-lease components, in the form of payments towards logistics services and labor charges which the Company is obligated to pay based on the services consumed by it. Such amounts are not included in the measurement of the lease liability but will be recognized as expense when they are incurred.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the operating lease expense was $726 thousand and $2.1 million, respectively.

Supplemental cash flow information related to the Company’s operating leases were as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurements of lease liabilities
Operating cash flow from operating leases	$	729	$	2,121
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations
Operating leases	$	-	$	1,490

As of September 30, 2019, the weighted average remaining lease term was 5.0 years and the weighted average discount rate was 3.9%.

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The following table presents the maturity of the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019 (in thousands):

2019 (excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2019)	$	733
2020		2,951
2021		2,985
2022		2,641
2023		1,665
Thereafter		2,686
Total lease payments	$	13,661
Less: imputed interest		(1,288)
Total	$	12,373

As previously disclosed in our 2018 Form 10-K and under the previous lease accounting standard, future minimum lease commitments under non-cancelable operating leases with terms in excess of one year would have been as follows (in thousands):

2019	$	1,496
2020		1,528
2021		1,562
2022		1,222
2023		1,155
Thereafter		2,582
Total minimum lease payments	$	9,545

6. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The following table sets forth the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax where applicable (in thousands):

	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Foreign currency translation	$	(3)	$	(2)
Unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities		75		(171)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	$	72	$	(173)

7. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Certain financial assets and liabilities are accounted for at fair value, which is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The following fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value:

Level 1 – Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Level 2 – Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies.

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Level 3 – Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value from the perspective of a market participant.

The following tables represent cash and the available-for-sale securities adjusted cost, gross unrealized losses and fair value by significant investment category recorded as cash and cash equivalents or investment securities (in thousands):

	September 30, 2019
		Cost		Unrealized Gains (Losses)		Accrued Interest		Estimated Fair Value		Cash & Cash Equivalents		Investment Securities
Cash	$	75,930	$	-	$	-	$	75,930	$	75,930	$	-
Level 1:
Certificate of deposit		-		-		-		-		-		-
Money market accounts		5,266		-		-		5,266		5,266		-
Government & agency securities		2,832		(1)		11		2,842		-		2,842
		8,098		(1)		11		8,108		5,266		2,842
Level 2:
Municipal bonds		12,709		11		156		12,876		-		12,876
Total	$	96,737	$	10	$	167	$	96,914	$	81,196	$	15,718

	December 31, 2018
		Cost		Unrealized Losses		Accrued Interest		Estimated Fair Value		Cash & Cash Equivalents		Investment Securities
Cash	$	35,436	$	-	$	-	$	35,436	$	35,436	$	-
Level 1:
Certificate of deposit		40,000		-		-		40,000		40,000		-
Money market accounts		5,928		-		-		5,928		5,928		-
Government & agency securities		2,835		(72)		-		2,763		-		2,763
		48,763		(72)		-		48,691		45,928		2,763
Level 2:
Municipal bonds		16,791		(164)		280		16,907		-		16,907
Total	$	100,990	$	(236)	$	280	$	101,034	$	81,364	$	19,670

The Company had no realized loss or gains for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As of September 30, 2019 and 2018, gross unrealized losses related to individual securities that had been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or longer were not significant. The maturities of the Company’s investment securities generally range up to 5 years for municipal bonds and for government and agency securities.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains information that may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Generally, the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “project,” “will,” and similar expressions, which are not historical in nature, identify forward-looking statements. However, the absence of these words or expressions does not necessarily mean that a statement is not forward-looking. All statements that address operating performance, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur in the future, including statements relating to future operating results, are forward-looking statements. Management believes that these forward-looking statements are reasonable as and when made. However, caution should be taken not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements because such statements speak only as of the date when made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. In addition, forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our historical experience and our present expectations or projections. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those described in our 2018 Form 10-K, and those described from time to time in our future reports filed with the SEC.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere herein.

Overview

We are a leading health and wellness company that empowers people to transform their lives one healthy habit at a time. Through our rapidly growing community of independent wellness coaches, we seek to enrich the lives of our clients through programs that promote healthy living and through the manufacture and distribution of our proprietary health and wellness products. We believe we are building one of the most trusted, transparent and effective direct-sales health and wellness communities in the world. Our operations are primarily conducted through our wholly owned subsidiaries, Jason Pharmaceuticals, Inc., OPTAVIA, LLC, Jason Enterprises, Inc., Jason Properties, LLC, Medifast Franchise Systems, Inc., Medifast Nutrition, Inc., Seven Crondall Associates, LLC, Corporate Events, Inc., OPTAVIA (Hong Kong) Limited and OPTAVIA (Singapore) PTE. LTD.

Since our founding, we have been an innovator in the development of nutritional weight-management products and programs. We sell a variety of weight loss, weight management and healthy living products all based on our proprietary formulas under the Medifast^®, OPTAVIA^®, Thrive by Medifast, Optimal Health by Take Shape for Life, Flavors of Home^®, and Essential 1 brands. Our product line includes more than 145 consumable options, including, but not limited to, bars, bites, pretzels, puffs, cereal crunch, drinks, hearty choices, oatmeal, pancakes, pudding, soft serve, shakes, smoothies, soft bakes, and soups. The Thrive by Medifast and Optimal Health by Take Shape for Life lines include a variety of specially formulated bars, shakes, and smoothies for those who are maintaining their weight for long-term healthy living. We identify opportunities to expand our product line by regularly surveying our clients and studying industry and consumer trends. This allows us to introduce new, high quality products that meet consumer demand.

Our nutritional products are formulated with high-quality, low-calorie, and low-fat ingredients. Products include individually portioned, calorie- and carbohydrate-controlled meal replacements that share a similar nutritional footprint and provide a balance of protein and good carbohydrates. Our meal replacements are also fortified to contain vitamins and minerals, as well as other nutrients essential for good health. We offer our OPTAVIA clients exclusive OPTAVIA-branded nutritional products, or “Fuelings,” and also offer a variety of other weight loss, weight management, and healthy living products under other brands. OPTAVIA Fuelings come in a variety of flavors that appeal to a broad variety of tastes. Our products are nutrient-dense, portion-controlled, nutritionally interchangeable and simple to use. They are formulated with high-quality, low-calorie, and low-fat ingredients.

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In March 2018, we announced a change in how our business is managed, operating performance is reviewed and resources are allocated. As a result, beginning in the first quarter of 2018, we changed how we report financial performance to align with changes in the way we now manage the business and now operate and report as a single sales segment, OPTAVIA. We previously disclosed entity-wide financial information for multiple segments (e.g. OPTAVIA, Medifast Direct, Franchise Medifast Weight Control Centers and Medifast Wholesale). Although we have one reportable segment, we continue to market our products and programs through our Medifast Direct ecommerce platform and our Franchise Medifast Weight Control Center channels.

OPTAVIA encompasses our community of OPTAVIA Coaches, our OPTAVIA health and wellness programs, and our proprietary OPTAVIA-branded products. The OPTAVIA Integrated Coaching Model is centered around providing focused, individualized attention to our clients. Our OPTAVIA Coaches provide the support and encouragement for clients to successfully learn and adopt a more healthy lifestyle. This clinically-proven model translates into better client results when compared to programs that leave individuals to adopt and maintain healthy habits on their own. Our clients receive personalized attention from our OPTAVIA Coaches who share, educate, motivate and pass along their passion for healthy living. We believe this personal, direct-sales and service strategy is optimal for activating and supporting our clients.

Our OPTAVIA Coaches are independent contractors, not employees, who support our clients and market our products and services primarily through word of mouth, email, direct mail and via social media channels such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter or Zoom. As direct-sales entrepreneurs, OPTAVIA Coaches market our products to friends, family and other acquaintances with whom they have established strong relationships.

The entrepreneurial success of our OPTAVIA Coaches is the key to our success. We are focused on scaling our OPTAVIA Integrated Coaching Model by offering economic incentives that are attractive to independent entrepreneurs and reflective of the new “gig economy.” Our successful clients frequently become enthusiastic health and wellness advocates themselves and choose to become OPTAVIA Coaches. This process of clients becoming OPTAVIA Coaches underpins our growth.

As we previously disclosed, global expansion is an important component of our long-term growth strategy. In July 2019, we commenced our international operations, entering into the Asia Pacific markets of Hong Kong and Singapore. Our decision to enter these markets was based on industry market research that reflects a dynamic shift in how health care is being prioritized and consumed in those countries.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP. Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.

The preparation of our financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Management develops, and changes periodically, these estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

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Overview of Results of Operations

Our product sales accounted for 98% of our revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

The following tables reflect our income statements (in thousands, except percentages):

	Three months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		$ Change		% Change
Revenue	$	190,061	$	139,239	$	50,822	36.5%
Cost of sales		47,128		32,038		(15,090)	-47.1%
Gross profit		142,933		107,201		35,732	33.3%
Selling, general, and administrative		122,671		89,734		(32,937)	-36.7%
Income from operations		20,262		17,467		2,795	16.0%
Other income (expense)
Interest income, net		324		361		(37)	-10.2%
Other expense		(3)		-		(3)
		321		361		(40)	-11.1%
Income from operations before income taxes		20,583		17,828		2,755	15.5%
Provision for income tax		4,681		4,047		(634)	-15.7%
Net income	$	15,902	$	13,781	$	2,121	15.4%
% of revenue
Gross profit		75.2%		77.0%
Selling, general, and administrative costs		64.5%		64.4%
Income from operations		10.7%		12.5%
Income from operations before income taxes		10.8%		12.8%

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	Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		$ Change		% Change
Revenue	$	543,040	$	355,159	$	187,881	52.9%
Cost of sales		134,250		84,351		(49,899)	-59.2%
Gross Profit		408,790		270,808		137,982	51.0%
Selling, general, and administrative		336,458		221,548		(114,910)	-51.9%
Income from operations		72,332		49,260		23,072	46.8%
Other income (expense)
Interest income, net		1,061		940		121	12.9%
Other income (expense)		(11)		178		(189)	-106.2%
		1,050		1,118		(68)	-6.1%
Income from operations before income taxes		73,382		50,378		23,004	45.7%
Provision for income taxes		15,347		10,242		(5,105)	-49.8%
Net income	$	58,035	$	40,136	$	17,899	44.6%
% of revenue
Gross Profit		75.3%		76.2%
Selling, general, and administrative costs		62.0%		62.4%
Income from Operations		13.3%		13.9%
Income from operations before income taxes		13.5%		14.2%

Revenue: Revenue increased $50.9 million, or 36.5%, to $190.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 from $139.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. This is the tenth consecutive quarter of year-over-year revenue growth and the eleventh consecutive quarter of sequential revenue improvement. The number of active earning OPTAVIA Coaches for the three months ended September 30, 2019 increased to 32,200 from 22,600 for the corresponding period in 2018, an increase of 42.5%. The quarterly revenue per OPTAVIA Coach decreased 1.1% to $5,715 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 from $5,781 for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Revenue increased $187.8 million, or 52.9%, to $543.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 from $355.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. This growth in revenue for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2019 resulted in part from business initiatives accelerating new OPTAVIA Coach conversions and new clients starting our plans, aided by the ongoing transition of clients to higher priced OPTAVIA branded products. OPTAVIA-branded products represented 78% of consumable units sold for the three months ended September 30, 2019 compared to 70% for the corresponding period in 2018 and 76% of consumable units sold for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to 73% for the corresponding period in 2018.

Costs of sales: Cost of sales increased $15.1 million, or 47.1%, to $47.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 from the corresponding period in 2018 and increased $49.9 million, or 59.2%, to $134.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 from the corresponding period in 2018. The increase in cost of sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily driven by increased product sales.

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Gross profit: For the three months ended September 30, 2019, gross profit increased $35.7 million, or 33.3%, to $142.9 million from the corresponding period in 2018. As a percentage of sales, gross margin decreased 180 basis points to 75.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2019 from 77.0% for the corresponding period in 2018. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, gross profit increased $138.0 million, or 51.0%, to $408.8 million from the corresponding period in 2018. As a percentage of sales, gross margin decreased 90 basis points to 75.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 from 76.2% for the corresponding period in 2018. The decrease in gross profit percentage for the quarter and year-to-date periods were driven primarily by higher shipping expenses and higher product returns related to disruptions to normal business operations.

Selling, general and administrative: Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses were $122.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019, an increase of $33.0 million, or 36.7%, as compared to $89.7 million from the corresponding period in 2018. As a percentage of sales, SG&A expenses were 64.5% as compared to 64.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. SG&A expenses included research and development costs of $619 thousand and $621 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, SG&A expenses increased $115.0 million, or 51.9%, to $336.5 million from $221.5 million for the corresponding period in 2018. SG&A expenses included $1.8 million and $1.6 million in research and development costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As a percentage of sales, SG&A expenses were 62.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to 62.4% for the corresponding period in 2018. The increase for the quarter and year-to-date were primarily a result of higher variable costs such as OPTAVIA commission expense and credit card processing fees as a result of higher sales. In addition, SG&A expenses increased as a result of increased consulting costs related to information technology projects, along with higher cost for the Company’s annual convention held in July 2019. SG&A expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2019 included $3.2 million of cost related to a highly organized automated scheme using stolen identities and credit cards from outside the Company’s systems, to transact business on the Company’s e-commerce sites. Each of these transactions was pre-approved, prior to shipment, by the payment processor and subsequently reported to the Company as utilizing a stolen card. These expenses were $2.8 million, or $0.18 EPS, higher than the corresponding period in 2018 and were primarily comprised of higher bad debt and credit card fees.

OPTAVIA commission expense, which is variable based upon product sales, increased $20.8 million, or 36.8%, for the three months ended September 30, 2019 from the corresponding period in 2018 and increased $83.8 million, or 59.9%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 from the corresponding period in 2018. These increases were primarily the result of increased product sales and number of active earning OPTAVIA Coaches. As OPTAVIA revenue increased as a portion of the Company’s total sales mix, the commission rate as a percentage of revenue increased 10 basis points to 40.6% for the third quarter of 2019 compared to 40.5% for the third quarter last year and increased 180 basis points to 41.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 compared to 39.4% for the corresponding period in 2018. This is an outcome of the success we are experiencing with our OPTAVIA Integrated Coach Model.

Income from operations: For the three months ended September 30, 2019, income from operations increased $2.8 million to $20.3 million from $17.5 million for the corresponding period in 2018 primarily as a result of increased gross profits partially offset by increased SG&A expenses. Income from operations as a percentage of sales was 10.7% and 12.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, income from operations increased $23.0 million to $72.3 million from $49.3 million for the corresponding period in 2018 primarily as a result of increased gross profits partially offset by increased SG&A expenses. Income from operations as a percentage of sales was 13.3% and 13.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Interest income, net: For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, interest income was $324 thousand and $1.1 million, respectively and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, interest income was $361 thousand and $940 thousand, respectively.

Other income (expense): For the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, other income (expense) was an expense of $3 thousand and $0, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, other income (expense) was an expense of $11 thousand and income of $178 thousand, respectively.

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Income from operations before income taxes: Income from operations before income taxes was $20.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to $17.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $2.8 million. Income from operations before income taxes as a percentage of sales decreased to 10.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2019 from 12.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2018. Income from operations before income taxes was $73.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to $50.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $23.0 million. Income from operations before income taxes as a percentage of sales decreased to 13.5% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 from 14.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Provision for income tax: For the three months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded $4.7 million in income tax expense, an effective rate of 22.7%, as compared to $4.0 million in income tax expense, an effective rate of 22.7%, for the three months ended September 30, 2018. The effective tax rate was negatively impacted by the tax effects of foreign operating results offset by favorable effects of state income taxes. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recorded $15.3 million in income tax expense, an effective rate of 20.9%, as compared to $10.2 million in income tax expense, an effective rate of 20.3%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. The increase in the effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was primarily driven by the tax effects of foreign operating results partially offset by a decrease in the excess tax benefits for share-based compensation and a decrease in state income taxes. The Company anticipates a full year tax rate of 21.0% to 22.0% in 2019, exclusive of any discrete tax benefits from share-based compensation awards vesting in the fourth quarter.

Net income: Net income was $15.9 million and $58.0 million, or $1.32 and $4.77 per diluted share, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to $13.8 million and $40.1 million, or $1.14 and $3.31 per diluted share, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. The period-over-period changes were driven by the factors described above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company had stockholders’ equity of $111.2 million and working capital of $80.8 million at September 30, 2019 as compared with $109.1 million and $85.2 million at December 31, 2018, respectively. The $2.1 million net increase in stockholder’s equity reflects $58.0 million in net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 offset by $33.1 million spent on repurchases of 296,230 shares of the Company’s common stock, and $26.5 million for declared dividends paid to holders of the Company’s common stock as well as the other equity transactions described in the “Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity” included in our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report. The Company declared a dividend of $8.8 million, or $0.75 per share, to common stockholders as of September 27, 2019 that will be paid in the fourth quarter of 2019. While we intend to continue the dividend program and believe we will have sufficient liquidity to do so, we can provide no assurance that we will be able to continue to declare and pay dividends. The Company’s cash, cash equivalents, and investment securities decreased from $101.0 million at December 31, 2018 to $96.9 million at September 30, 2019.

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $19.6 million to $65.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 from $45.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 primarily as a result of increased net income.

Net cash used in investing activities was $5.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 as compared to $817 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. This change resulted from an increase in cash used in capital expenditures for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 from the corresponding period in 2018 partially offset by a $1.5 million increase in sale and maturities of investment securities.

Net cash used in financing activities increased $22.4 million to $59.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 from $37.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. This increase was due to a $13.1 million increase in stock repurchases and a $9.3 million increase in cash dividends paid to stockholders.

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In pursuing its business strategy, the Company may require additional cash for operating and investing activities. The Company expects future cash requirements, if any, to be funded from operating cash flow and financing activities.

The Company evaluates acquisitions from time to time as presented.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Market risk is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates and a decline in the stock market. The Company does not enter into derivatives, foreign exchange transactions or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The Company is exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates and market pricing impacting our investment portfolio. Its current investment policy is to maintain an investment portfolio consisting of municipal bonds, U.S. money market securities, and high-grade corporate securities, directly or through managed funds. Its cash is deposited in and invested through highly rated financial institutions in North America. Its marketable securities are subject to interest rate risk and market pricing risk and will fall in value if market interest rates increase or if market pricing decreases. If market interest rates were to increase and market pricing were to decrease immediately and uniformly by 10% from levels at September 30, 2019, the Company estimates that the fair value of its investment portfolio would decline by an immaterial amount and therefore it would not expect its operating results or cash flows to be affected to any significant degree by the effect of a change in market conditions on our investments.

There have been no material changes to our market risk exposure since December 31, 2018.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of September 30, 2019. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported accurately and on a timely basis. Based on this evaluation performed in accordance with the criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, our management concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level as of the end of the period covered by this report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting:

There have been no material changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Act) during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We implemented additional internal controls to ensure we properly assessed and accounted for the impact of the new accounting standard related to leases on our financial statements which became effective on January 1, 2019. There were no significant changes to our internal control over financial reporting related to the adoption of the new standard.

Part II Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is, from time to time, subject to a variety of litigation and similar proceedings that arise out of the ordinary course of its business. Based upon the Company’s experience, current information and applicable law, it does not believe that these proceedings and claims will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position or liquidity. However, the results of legal actions cannot be predicted with certainty. Therefore, it is possible that the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows could be materially adversely affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution of one or more legal actions.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in Part I, Item 1A of the 2018 Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

2019	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Plan or Program	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
July 1 - July 31	-	$	-	-	593,587
August 1 - August 31	205,193		102.84	205,000	388,587
September 1 - September 30	20,110		101.52	20,000	368,587

The Company, in accordance with, and as part of, the Stock Repurchase Plan implemented a Rule 10b5-1 repurchase plan to facilitate repurchases of the Company’s common stock under the Stock Repurchase Plan. As of September 30, 2019, there were 368,587 shares of the Company’s common stock eligible for repurchase under the Stock Repurchase Plan. There can be no assurances as to the amount, timing or prices of repurchases, which may vary based on market conditions and other factors. The Stock Repurchase Plan does not have an expiration date and can be modified or terminated by the Board of Directors at any time.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number	Description of Exhibit
3.1	Restated and Amended Certificate of Incorporation of Medifast, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-31573) filed February 27, 2015).
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Medifast, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-31573) filed on June 13, 2019).
10.1	Medifast, Inc. Executive Severence Plan
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101	The following financial statements from Medifast, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 filed November 8, 2019, formatted in Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, and (vi) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (filed herewith).
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File - The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Datra File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

In accordance with SEC Release No. 33-8238, Exhibit 32.1 is being furnished and not filed.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Medifast, Inc.

By:	/s/ DANIEL R. CHARD
	Daniel R. Chard
	Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)
Dated:	November 8, 2019
	/s/ TIMOTHY G. ROBINSON
	Timothy G. Robinson
	Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Dated:	November 8, 2019

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EX-10.1

Exhibit 10.1

MEDIFAST, INC.

EXECUTIVE SEVERANCE PLAN

Medifast, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), has adopted this Medifast, Inc. Executive Severance Plan (the “Plan”) to provide key employees of the Company and its affiliates and subsidiaries with severance protection under covered circumstances.

Article I.

DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS

Section 1.01 Definitions. Capitalized terms used in this Plan shall have the following respective meanings, except as otherwise provided or as the context shall otherwise require:

“Annual Base Salary” shall mean the base salary paid to a Participant on an annual basis exclusive of any bonus payments, commission payments or additional payments under any benefit plan of the Company.

“Administrator” shall mean be the Compensation Committee.  

“Board” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company.

“Cause” shall mean (a) indictment or conviction for, or a please of guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony or of a criminal act involving moral turpitude; (b) gross misconduct or willful and continued failure to substantially perform employment duties reasonably requested by the Company or an affiliate, after thirty (30) days’ written notice by certified mail of such conduct or failure, and the failure of the Participant to remedy such conduct or failure; (c) fraud,  embezzlement, or misappropriation of any amounts of money or other assets or property of the Company; (d) misconduct or negligence in connection with the business of the Company or an affiliate which has a substantial adverse effect on the Company or the affiliate; or (e) violation of any material policy of the Company, including the Company’s Code of Conduct and Business Ethics. Determination of Cause shall be made by the Compensation Committee in its sole discretion. 

“Change in Control” shall have the meaning set forth in the Amended and Restated 2012 Share Incentive Plan or any successor to such plan.  

“Change in Control Period” shall mean the 24 month period beginning on the date of a Change in Control.

“Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Reference in this Plan to any section of the Code shall be deemed to include any amendments or successor provisions to such section and any regulations under such section.

“Compensation Committee” shall mean the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors.

“Effective Date” shall mean September 12, 2019.

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“Good Reason” shall mean a Participant’s resignation of employment upon the occurrence (without the Participant’s prior written consent) of (a) a material reduction in the Participant’s Annual Base Salary or Target Bonus, (b) a material diminution in the Participant’s authority, duties or responsibilities, (c) a relocation of the Participant’s principal work location by more than 50 miles, or (d) any other action or inaction that constitutes a material breach by the Company of any written agreement under which the Participant provides services; provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Participant may not resign his or her employment for Good Reason unless (i) the Participant has provided the Company with at least thirty (30) days prior written notice of his or her intent to resign for Good Reason (which notice must be provided within ninety (90) days following the occurrence of the event(s) purported to constitute Good Reason); and (ii) the Company has not remedied the alleged violation(s) within the thirty (30) day period following its receipt of such notice.

“Participants” shall mean those employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries who are from time to time designated as Participants in accordance with Section 2.01.

“Plan” shall mean this Medifast, Inc. Executive Severance Plan, as amended, supplemented or modified from time to time in accordance with its terms.

“Qualifying Termination” shall mean a Participant’s Termination of Employment (a) by the Company and its subsidiaries without Cause or (b) by the Participant for Good Reason.

“Target Bonus” shall mean the Participant’s target annual incentive bonus.

“Termination Date” shall mean, with respect to any Participant, the actual date of the Participant’s Termination of Employment.

“Termination of Employment” shall mean the time when the employee-employer relationship between the Participant and the Company or any subsidiary of the Company is terminated for any reason, with or without Cause, including, but not by way of limitation, a termination by resignation, discharge, death, permanent disability or retirement; provided, that such “Termination of Employment” constitutes a “separation from service” within the meaning of Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(h).

Section 1.02 Interpretation.  In this Plan, unless a clear contrary intention appears, (a) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” refer to this Plan as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision, (b) reference to any Article or Section, means such Article or Section hereof and (c) the words “including” (and with correlative meaning “include”) means including, without limiting the generality of any description preceding such term. The Article and Section headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

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Article II.

ELIGIBILITY AND BENEFITS

Section 2.01 Eligible Employees.  This Plan is only for the benefit of the following Participants, and no other employees, personnel, consultants or independent contractors shall be eligible to participate in this Plan or to receive any rights or benefits hereunder:

(a) Chief Executive Officer;

(b) Chief Financial Officer; and

(c) All other executive officers of the Company who are direct reports of the Chief Executive Officer and are at the Executive Vice President-level or above (“Other Executives”).

Article III.

SEVERANCE AND RELATED TERMINATION BENEFITS

Section 3.01 Qualifying Termination. Except as set forth in Section 3.02, in the event that a Participant incurs a Qualifying Termination, then, subject to Section 3.03, such Participant shall be entitled to receive the severance benefits set forth on Exhibit A attached hereto.

Section 3.02 Qualifying Termination Following Change in Control. In the event that, during the Change in Control Period, a Participant incurs a Qualifying Termination, then in lieu of the benefits payable pursuant to Section 3.01 and subject to Section 3.03, the Participant will be entitled to receive the severance benefits set forth on Exhibit B attached hereto.

Section 3.03 Conditions to Receipt of Severance Benefits.  A Participant’s receipt of any payment or benefits under this Article III shall be conditioned on and subject to such Participant’s execution and non-revocation of a general waiver and release of claims in favor of the Company, within the applicable time periods for execution following the Termination Date, as set forth in such agreements.

Section 3.04 Other Terminations of Employment.  For the avoidance of doubt, in no event shall the Participant be entitled to any benefit under this Plan in the event that the Participant resigns without Good Reason or otherwise terminates employment due to death, permanent disability, or retirement, or is terminated by the Company for Cause.

Section 3.05 No Duplication of Benefits.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Plan, in the event that a Participant is entitled to severance benefits under any other employment agreement, severance agreement or similar agreement between the Participant and the Company, no benefits shall be payable under this Plan.

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Section 3.06 Plan Unfunded; Participant's Rights Unsecured. The Company shall not be required to establish any special or separate fund or make any other segregation of funds or assets to assure the payment of any benefit hereunder.  The right of any Participant to receive the benefits provided for herein shall be an unsecured claim against the general assets of the Company.

Article IV.

CLAIMS PROCEDURES

Section 4.01 Initial Claims. A Participant who believes he or she is entitled to a payment under the Plan that has not been received may submit a written claim for benefits to the Plan within 60 days after the Participant's Qualifying Termination. Claims should be addressed and sent to:

Medifast, Inc.

Chair of the Compensation Committee

100 International Drive

Baltimore, MD 21202

If the Participant's claim is denied, in whole or in part, the Participant will be furnished with written notice of the denial within 90 days after the Administrator's receipt of the Participant's written claim, unless special circumstances require an extension of time for processing the claim, in which case a period not to exceed 180 days will apply. If such an extension of time is required, written notice of the extension will be furnished to the Participant before the termination of the initial 90-day period and will describe the special circumstances requiring the extension, and the date on which a decision is expected to be rendered. Written notice of the denial of the Participant's claim will contain the following information:

(a) the specific reason or reasons for the denial of the Participant's claim;

(b) references to the specific Plan provisions on which the denial of the Participant's claim was based;

(c) a description of any additional information or material required by the Administrator to reconsider the Participant's claim (to the extent applicable) and an explanation of why such material or information is necessary; and

(d) a description of the Plan's review procedures and time limits applicable to such procedures, including a statement of the Participant's right to bring a civil action under Section 502(a) of ERISA following a benefit claim denial on review.

Section 4.02 Appeal of Denied Claims. If the Participant's claim is denied and he or she wishes to submit a request for a review of the denied claim, the Participant or his or her authorized representative must follow the procedures described below:

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(a) Upon receipt of the denied claim, the Participant (or his or her authorized representative) may file a request for review of the claim in writing with the Administrator. This request for review must be filed no later than 60 days after the Participant has received written notification of the denial.

(b) The Participant has the right to submit in writing to the Administrator any comments, documents, records or other information relating to his or her claim for benefits.

(c) The Participant has the right to be provided with, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to and copies of all pertinent documents, records and other information that is relevant to his or her claim for benefits.

(d) The review of the denied claim will take into account all comments, documents, records and other information that the Participant submitted relating to his or her claim, without regard to whether such information was submitted or considered in the initial denial of his or her claim.

Section 4.03 Administrator's Response to Appeal. The Administrator will provide the Participant with written notice of its decision within 60 days after the Administrator's receipt of the Participant's written claim for review. There may be special circumstances which require an extension of this 60-day period. In any such case, the Administrator will notify the Participant in writing within the 60-day period and the final decision will be made no later than 120 days after the Administrator's receipt of the Participant's written claim for review. The Administrator's decision on the Participant's claim for review will be communicated to the Participant in writing and will clearly state:  

(a) the specific reason or reasons for the denial of the Participant's claim;

(b) reference to the specific Plan provisions on which the denial of the Participant's claim is based;

(c) a statement that the Participant is entitled to receive, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to, and copies of, the Plan and all documents, records, and other information relevant to his or her claim for benefits; and

(d) a statement describing the Participant's right to bring an action under Section 502(a) of ERISA.

Section 4.04 Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies. The exhaustion of these claims procedures is mandatory for resolving every claim and dispute arising under the Plan. As to such claims and disputes:

(a) no claimant shall be permitted to commence any legal action to recover benefits or to enforce or clarify rights under the Plan under Section 502 or Section 510 of ERISA or under any other provision of law, whether or not statutory, until these claims procedures have been exhausted in their entirety; and

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(b) in any such legal action, all explicit and implicit determinations by the Administrator (including, but not limited to, determinations as to whether the claim, or a request for a review of a denied claim, was timely filed) shall be afforded the maximum deference permitted by law.

Article V.

MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Section 5.01 No Mitigation. No Participant shall be required to mitigate the amount of any payment provided for in this Plan by seeking or accepting other employment following a termination of his or her employment with the Company or otherwise.  The amount of any cash payment provided for in this Plan shall not be reduced by any cash compensation earned by a Participant as the result of employment by another employer or by retirement benefits.

Section 5.02 Amendment or Termination.  The Board may amend or terminate the Plan at any time; provided, however, that no such termination or amendment may materially and adversely affect any rights of any Participant who has incurred a Qualifying Termination prior to the date of such termination or amendment; and provided, further, that the Plan cannot be terminated or materially amended during the Change in Control Period.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Plan shall terminate when all of the obligations to Participants hereunder have been satisfied in full.

Section 5.03 Enforceability.  The failure of a Participant or the Company or any of its subsidiaries to insist upon strict adherence to any term of the Plan on any occasion shall not be considered a waiver of such party's rights or deprive such party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of the Plan.

Section 5.04 Governing Law. This Plan shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Maryland, without giving effect to its conflict of laws rules, and applicable federal law.

Section 5.05 Tax Withholding. The Company shall have the right to deduct from any payment or benefit hereunder all federal, state and local taxes which are required to be withheld therefrom.

Section 5.06 Plan Administration.  The Compensation Committee shall have full and final authority to make determinations with respect to the administration of this Plan, to construe and interpret its provisions and to take all other actions deemed necessary or advisable for the proper administration of this Plan, but such authority shall be subject to the provisions of this Plan.

Section 5.07 Successors and Assigns.  This Plan shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company and its successors and assigns. This Plan and all rights of each Participant shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by each such Participant and his or her personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, heirs and permitted assigns.  If any Participant should die while any amounts are due and payable to such Participant hereunder, all such amounts, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be paid in accordance with the terms of this Plan to such Participant’s devisees, legatees or other designees or, if there be no such devisees, legatees or other

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designees, to such Participant’s estate.  No payments, benefits or rights arising under this Plan may be assigned or pledged by any Participant, except under the laws of descent and distribution.

Section 5.08 Notices. All notices and other communications provided for in this Plan shall be in writing and shall be sent, delivered or mailed, addressed as follows: (a) if to the Company, at the Company’s principal office address or such other address as the Company may have designated by written notice to all Participants for purposes hereof, directed to the attention of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company (or such other officer as may be designated by the Company), and (b) if to any Participant, at his or her residence address on the records of the Company or to such other address as he or she may have designated to the Company in writing for purposes hereof.  Each such notice or other communication shall be deemed to have been duly given or mailed by United States certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, except that any change of notice address shall be effective only upon receipt.

Section 5.09 No Employment Rights Conferred.  The Plan does not alter the status of each Participant as an at-will employee of the Company. This Plan shall not be deemed to create a contract of employment between any Participant and the Company and/or any of its subsidiaries.  Nothing contained in this Plan shall (a) confer upon any Participant any right with respect to continuation of employment with the Company or any of its subsidiaries or (b) subject to the rights and benefits of any Participant hereunder, interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any of its subsidiaries to terminate such Participant's employment at any time.

Section 5.10 Severability. If any provision of the Plan is, becomes, or is deemed to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality, and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Plan shall not be affected thereby.

Section 5.11 Section 409A.

(a) The Plan is intended to comply with Section 409A of the Code or an exemption thereunder and shall be construed and administered in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, payments provided under the Plan may only be made upon an event and in a manner that complies with Section 409A of the Code or an applicable exemption. Any payments under the Plan that may be excluded from Section 409A of the Code either as separation pay due to an involuntary separation from service or as a short-term deferral shall be excluded from Section 409A of the Code to the maximum extent possible. For purposes of Section 409A of the Code, each installment payment provided under the Plan shall be treated as a separate payment. Any payments to be made under the Plan upon a termination of employment shall only be made upon a "separation from service" under Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company makes no representations that the payments and benefits provided under the Plan comply with Section 409A of the Code and in no event shall the Company be liable for all or any portion of any taxes, penalties, interest, or other expenses that may be incurred by a Participant on account of non-compliance with Section 409A of the Code.

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(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, if any payment or benefit provided to a Participant in connection with his or her Qualifying Termination is determined to constitute "nonqualified deferred compensation" within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code and the Participant is determined to be a "specified employee" as defined in Section 409A(a)(2)(b)(i) of the Code, then such payment or benefit shall not be paid until the first payroll date to occur following the six-month anniversary of the Qualifying Termination or, if earlier, on the Participant's death (the "Specified Employee Payment Date"). The aggregate of any payments that would otherwise have been paid before the Specified Employee Payment Date shall be paid to the Participant in a lump sum on the Specified Employee Payment Date and thereafter, any remaining payments shall be paid without delay in accordance with their original schedule. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, if any payment or benefit is conditioned on the Participant's execution of a Release/Severance Agreement, the first payment shall include all amounts that would otherwise have been paid to the Participant during the period beginning on the date of the Qualifying Termination and ending on the payment date if no delay had been imposed.

(c) To the extent required by Section 409A of the Code, each reimbursement or in-kind benefit provided under the Plan shall be provided in accordance with the following: (i) the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement, or in-kind benefits provided, during each calendar year cannot affect the expenses eligible for reimbursement, or in-kind benefits to be provided, in any other calendar year; and (ii) any right to reimbursements or in-kind benefits under the Plan shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, and as conclusive evidence of the adoption of this Plan, Medifast, Inc. has caused this Plan to be duly executed in its name and behalf by its proper officer thereunto duly authorized as of the Effective Date.

/s/ DANIEL R. CHARDNovember 7, 2019

Daniel R. Chard,Date

Chief Executive Officer,

Medifast, Inc.

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EXHIBIT A

Qualifying Termination (General)

	Cash Severance	Stock Options	Time-Based Restricted Shares or Deferred Shares	Performance-Based Restricted Shares or Deferred Shares
Chief Executive Officer	1.5 times the sum of the Annual Base Salary and the Target Bonus	Fully vest and remain exercisable for 90 days	Vest on a pro-rata basis, based on the number of months during the vesting period the Participant was employed	Vest on a pro-rata basis, based on the number of months during the performance period the Participant was employed, paid out at the end of the performance period based on actual performance
Chief Financial Officer	1 times the sum of the Annual Base Salary and the Target Bonus
Other Executives	1 times the Annual Base Salary, and a pro-rated Target Bonus based on the number of months during the year the Participant was employed

The Cash Severance shall be paid in a lump sum, no later than 30 days following the Termination Date, subject to Section 3.03. 

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EXHIBIT B

Qualifying Termination Following Change in Control

	Cash Severance	Stock Options	Time-Based Restricted Shares or Deferred Shares	Performance-Based Restricted Shares or Deferred Shares
Chief Executive Officer	2.5 times the sum of the Annual Base Salary and the Target Bonus	Fully vest and remain exercisable for 90 days	Fully vest	Vest on a pro-rata basis, based on the number of months during the performance period the Participant was employed, at the target performance level
Chief Financial Officer*	1.5 times the sum of the Annual Base Salary and the Target Bonus
Other Executives	1.5 times the sum of the Annual Base Salary and the Target Bonus

Cash Severance shall be paid in a lump sum, no later than 30 days following the Termination Date, subject to Section 3.03. 

*Notwithstanding, and in addition to, the foregoing or any other plan or agreement, in the event of a Change in Control, the Chief Financial Officer’s stock options shall fully vest and remain exercisable for 90 days; restricted shares and time based equity awards shall fully vest; and performance based equity awards shall be paid out no later than 30 days following the Change in Control based on the target performance level.

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EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

RULE 13a-14(a) CERTIFICATION

I, Daniel R. Chard, certify that:

1.     I have reviewed this report on Form 10-Q of Medifast, Inc.;

2.     Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.     Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.     The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)   Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)   Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.     The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

ay
Date:	November 8, 2019	/s/    Daniel R. Chard
		Daniel R. Chard
		Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

RULE 13a-14(a) CERTIFICATION

I, Timothy G. Robinson, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this report on Form 10-Q of Medifast, Inc.;

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.    I am responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)   Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)   Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)   Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    I have disclosed, based on my most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)   All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

ay
Date:	November 8, 2019	/s/    Timothy G. Robinson
		Timothy G. Robinson Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

MEDIFAST, INC.

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C.  SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Report”) for the quarter ended September 30, 2019 of Medifast, Inc. (the “Company”), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Daniel R. Chard, Chief Executive Officer and I, Timothy G. Robinson, Chief Financial Officer, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C.  Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge, that:

(1)   The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2)   The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of the operations of the Company.

By:	/s/ DANIEL R. CHARD
	Daniel R. Chard
	Chief Executive Officer
	November 8, 2019
	/s/ TIMOTHY G. ROBINSON
	Timothy G. Robinson
	Chief Financial Officer
	November 8, 2019

XML

Share-based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Share-based Compensation [Abstract]

Share-based Compensation

4. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock Options:

The Company has issued non-qualified and incentive stock options to employees and nonemployee directors. The fair value of these options are estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires estimates of the expected term of the option, the risk-free interest rate, the expected volatility of the price of the Company’s common stock, and dividend yield. Options outstanding as of September 30, 2019 generally vest over a period of three years and expire ten years from the date of grant. The exercise price of these options ranges from $26.52 to $171.68. Due to the Company’s lack of option exercise history, the expected term is calculated using the simplified method defined as the midpoint between the vesting period and the contractual term of each option. The risk free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect on the date of grant that most closely corresponds to the expected term of the option. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over the period of time equivalent to the expected term for each award. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company did not grant stock options. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the weighted average input assumptions used were as follows:

	2018
Expected term (in years)	6.4
Risk-free interest rate	2.64%
Expected volatility	33.30%
Dividend yield	2.87%

The following table is a summary of our stock option activity:

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2019			2018
	Shares	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Shares	Weighted-Average Exercise Price
(shares in thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period	107	$	49.26	106	$	31.18
Granted	-		-	51		67.50
Exercised	(10)		28.21	(23)		28.87
Forfeited	-		-	(8)		31.09
Outstanding at end of the period	97	$	52.53	126	$	46.51
Exercisable at end of the period	52	$	40.96	54	$	30.21

As of September 30, 2019, the weighted-average remaining contractual life for outstanding stock options was 7.36 years with an aggregate intrinsic value of $5.1 million and the weighted-average remaining contractual life for exercisable stock options was 6.59 years with an aggregate intrinsic value of $3.3 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company did not grant stock options. The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $18.08. The unrecognized compensation expense calculated under the fair value method for stock options expected to vest as of September 30, 2019 was $0.6 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.76 years. The Company received $279 thousand and $220 thousand in cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Upon exercising of stock options, the Company withheld shares of the Company’s common stock for employee taxes of 1 thousand and 3 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The total intrinsic value for stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $1.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively.

Restricted Stock:

The Company has issued restricted stock to employees and nonemployee directors generally with vesting terms up to five years after the date of grant. The fair value of the restricted stock is equal to the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Expense for restricted stock is amortized ratably over the vesting period. The following table summarizes our restricted stock activity:

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2019			2018
	Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
(shares in thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period	57	$	50.55	129	$	32.15
Granted	28		130.89	18		79.80
Vested	(32)		47.14	(86)		31.61
Forfeited	(2)		167.48	-		-
Outstanding at end of the period	51	$	91.98	61	$	46.90

The total fair value of restricted stock awards vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $4.1 million and $7.5 million, respectively.

The total share-based compensation charged against income was $1.2 million and $717 thousand during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $3.4 million and $2.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The total costs of the options and restricted stock awards charged against income was $723 thousand and $488 thousand during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $2.2 million and $1.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Also included for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $77 thousand, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $228 thousand and $229 thousand, respectively, for 63,300 performance-based deferred shares in expense for certain key executives. Included for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, was $152 thousand and $455 thousand, respectively, in expense for 210,000 performance-based contingent shares granted to our CEO that will vest based on the achievement of certain Company performance targets. Included for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $205 thousand and $497 thousand, respectively, for 17,780 performance-based contingent shares for certain other key executives granted in 2019.

The total income tax benefit recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for restricted stock awards was $249 thousand and $167 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and was $1.5 million and $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

There was $3.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards as of September 30, 2019, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.01 years. There was $2.1 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to the 291,080 performance-based shares discussed above as of September 30, 2019, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.15 years.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation - The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Medifast, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) included herein have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim reporting and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, certain information and notes that are normally required by GAAP have been condensed or omitted. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting of normal, recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations have been included and management believes the disclosures that are made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date.

The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2018 audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (“2018 Form 10-K”).

Presentation of Financial Statements

Presentation of Financial Statements - The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein include the accounts of the Medifast, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Reclassification

Reclassification - Certain amounts reported for prior periods have been reclassified to be consistent with the current period presentation. No reclassification in the consolidated financial statements had a material impact on the presentation.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2019 – In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) to address a specific consequence of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) by allowing a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the TCJA’s reduction of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate. This ASU was effective for all entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, and was to be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the TCJA is recognized. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2019. There was no material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated results of operations or cash flows. The Company's policy for releasing disproportionate income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income utilizes the portfolio approach.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases, including operating leases, and also requires disclosures about the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. Subsequent to the issuance of Topic 842, the FASB clarified the guidance through several ASUs; hereinafter the collection of lease guidance is referred to as “ASC 842.”

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective method for all lease arrangements at the beginning of the period of adoption. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1, 2019 are presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under ASC 840, Leases. The standard had a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, but did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated net earnings and cash flows. The most significant impact was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases. For leases that commenced before the effective date of ASC 842, the Company elected the permitted practical expedients that do not require the Company to reassess: (i) whether any expired or existing contracts contain leases; (ii) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (iii) initial direct costs for any existing leases. The Company also elected to exclude leases with a term of 12 months or less in the recognized ROU assets and lease liabilities.

As a result of the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 842, the Company recorded ROU assets of $11.9 million, net of $686 thousand of accrued rent, and lease liabilities of $12.6 million as of January 1, 2019, primarily related to office and warehouse space and certain equipment, based on the present value of the future lease payments on the date of adoption.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The ROU asset also consists of any prepaid lease payments and lease incentives received. The lease terms used to calculate the ROU asset and related lease liability include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term as an operating expense. See Note 5 “LEASES” for additional information about this adoption.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements – In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), which addresses the accounting for implementation costs associated with a hosted service. The standard provides amendments to align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Management is currently evaluating the effect that the provisions of ASU 2018-15 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

LEASES

Summary of supplemental cash flow information

Supplemental cash flow information related to the Company’s operating leases were as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurements of lease liabilities
Operating cash flow from operating leases	$	729	$	2,121
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations
Operating leases	$	-	$	1,490

Summary of maturity of the Company's operating lease liabilities

The following table presents the maturity of the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019 (in thousands):

2019 (excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2019)	$	733
2020		2,951
2021		2,985
2022		2,641
2023		1,665
Thereafter		2,686
Total lease payments	$	13,661
Less: imputed interest		(1,288)
Total	$	12,373

Summary of future minimum lease commitments under non-cancelable operating leases based on accounting standards applicable as of December 31, 2018

As previously disclosed in our 2018 Form 10-K and under the previous lease accounting standard, future minimum lease commitments under non-cancelable operating leases with terms in excess of one year would have been as follows (in thousands):

2019	$	1,496
2020		1,528
2021		1,562
2022		1,222
2023		1,155
Thereafter		2,582
Total minimum lease payments	$	9,545

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Financial Instruments (Cash and Available for Sale Securities Adjusted Cost, Gross Unrealized Gains, Gross Unrealized Losses, and Fair Value by Significant Investment Category) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Cash And Cash Equivalents And Marketable securities [Line Items]
Cost	$ 96,737	$ 100,990
Unrealized Losses	10	(236)
Accrued Interest	167	280
Estimated Fair Value	96,914	101,034
Cash & Cash Equivalents	81,196	81,364
Investment Securities	15,718	19,670
Cash [Member]
Cash And Cash Equivalents And Marketable securities [Line Items]
Cost	75,930	35,436
Estimated Fair Value	75,930	35,436
Cash & Cash Equivalents	75,930	35,436
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]
Cash And Cash Equivalents And Marketable securities [Line Items]
Cost	8,098	48,763
Unrealized Losses	(1)	(72)
Accrued Interest	11
Estimated Fair Value	8,108	48,691
Cash & Cash Equivalents	5,266	45,928
Investment Securities	2,842	2,763
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Certificates of Deposit [Member]
Cash And Cash Equivalents And Marketable securities [Line Items]
Cost		40,000
Estimated Fair Value		40,000
Cash & Cash Equivalents		40,000
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Money Market Funds [Member]
Cash And Cash Equivalents And Marketable securities [Line Items]
Cost	5,266	5,928
Estimated Fair Value	5,266	5,928
Cash & Cash Equivalents	5,266	5,928
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Government and Agency Securities [Member]
Cash And Cash Equivalents And Marketable securities [Line Items]
Cost	2,832	2,835
Unrealized Losses	(1)	(72)
Accrued Interest	11
Estimated Fair Value	2,842	2,763
Investment Securities	2,842	2,763
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Municipal Bonds [Member]
Cash And Cash Equivalents And Marketable securities [Line Items]
Cost	12,709	16,791
Unrealized Losses	11	(164)
Accrued Interest	156	280
Estimated Fair Value	12,876	16,907
Investment Securities	$ 12,876	$ 16,907

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Leases (Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Commitments ) (Details) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Payment, Due [Abstract]
2019 (excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2019)	$ 733
2020	2,951
2021	2,985
2022	2,641
2023	1,665
Thereafter	2,686
Total lease payments	13,661
Less: imputed interest	(1,288)
Total	$ 12,373

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 81,196	$ 81,364
Accounts receivable-net of doubtful accounts of $1,860 and $394 at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	1,451	1,011
Inventory	51,925	38,888
Investment securities	15,718	19,670
Income taxes, prepaid	3,200
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	4,817	4,586
Total current assets	158,307	145,519
Property, plant and equipment - net	26,247	19,747
Right-of-use asset	11,694
Other assets	453	1,183
Deferred tax assets	1,887	2,980
TOTAL ASSETS	198,588	169,429
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	75,015	60,323
Current lease obligation	2,507
Total current liabilities	77,522	60,323
Other liabilities:
Lease obligation, less current lease obligation	9,866
Total liabilities	87,388	60,323
Stockholders' Equity:
Common stock, par value $.001 per share: 20,000 shares authorized; 12,126 and 12,117 issued and 11,612 and 11,868 outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	12	12
Additional paid-in capital	12,207	8,802
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	72	(173)
Retained earnings	162,902	131,344
Less: Treasury stock at cost, 489 and 193 shares at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	(63,993)	(30,879)
Total stockholders' equity	111,200	109,106
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 198,588	$ 169,429

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation - The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Medifast, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our”) included herein have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim reporting and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, certain information and notes that are normally required by GAAP have been condensed or omitted. However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments consisting of normal, recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations have been included and management believes the disclosures that are made are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date.

The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2018 audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (“2018 Form 10-K”).

Presentation of Financial Statements - The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included herein include the accounts of the Medifast, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Reclassification - Certain amounts reported for prior periods have been reclassified to be consistent with the current period presentation. No reclassification in the consolidated financial statements had a material impact on the presentation.

Use of Estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2019 – In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) to address a specific consequence of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“TCJA”) by allowing a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the TCJA’s reduction of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate. This ASU was effective for all entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, and was to be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the TCJA is recognized. The Company adopted this ASU in the first quarter of 2019. There was no material impact on the Company's condensed consolidated results of operations or cash flows. The Company's policy for releasing disproportionate income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income utilizes the portfolio approach.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires an entity to recognize a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases, including operating leases, and also requires disclosures about the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. Subsequent to the issuance of Topic 842, the FASB clarified the guidance through several ASUs; hereinafter the collection of lease guidance is referred to as “ASC 842.”

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective method for all lease arrangements at the beginning of the period of adoption. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1, 2019 are presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under ASC 840, Leases. The standard had a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, but did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated net earnings and cash flows. The most significant impact was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases. For leases that commenced before the effective date of ASC 842, the Company elected the permitted practical expedients that do not require the Company to reassess: (i) whether any expired or existing contracts contain leases; (ii) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (iii) initial direct costs for any existing leases. The Company also elected to exclude leases with a term of 12 months or less in the recognized ROU assets and lease liabilities.

As a result of the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 842, the Company recorded ROU assets of $11.9 million, net of $686 thousand of accrued rent, and lease liabilities of $12.6 million as of January 1, 2019, primarily related to office and warehouse space and certain equipment, based on the present value of the future lease payments on the date of adoption.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The ROU asset also consists of any prepaid lease payments and lease incentives received. The lease terms used to calculate the ROU asset and related lease liability include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term as an operating expense. See Note 5 “LEASES” for additional information about this adoption.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements – In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), which addresses the accounting for implementation costs associated with a hosted service. The standard provides amendments to align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Management is currently evaluating the effect that the provisions of ASU 2018-15 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

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Inventories (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Inventories [Abstract]
Raw materials	$ 12,680	$ 11,156
Packaging	3,592	1,563
Non-food finished goods	5,102	2,391
Finished goods	33,766	25,509
Reserve for obsolete inventory	(3,215)	(1,731)
Inventory	$ 51,925	$ 38,888

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Share-based Compensation (Schedule of Assumptions Used) (Detail)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018
Share-based Compensation [Abstract]
Expected term (in years)	6 years 4 months 24 days
Risk-free interest rate	2.64%
Expected volatility	33.30%
Dividend yield	2.87%

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Inventories

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Inventories [Abstract]

Inventories

2. INVENTORIES

Inventories consist principally of packaged meal replacements held in the Company’s warehouses. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, utilizing the first-in, first-out method. The cost of finished goods includes the cost of raw materials, packaging supplies, direct and indirect labor and other indirect manufacturing costs. On a quarterly basis, management reviews inventory for unsalable or obsolete inventory.

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Raw materials	$	12,680	$	11,156
Packaging		3,592		1,563
Non-food finished goods		5,102		2,391
Finished goods		33,766		25,509
Reserve for obsolete inventory		(3,215)		(1,731)
Total	$	51,925	$	38,888

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Document And Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Nov. 01, 2019
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report 1	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2019
Document Transition Report 1	false
Entity File Number	001-31573
Entity Registrant Name	Medifast, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	13-3714405
Entity Address, Address Line One	100 International Drive
Entity Address, City or Town	Baltimore
Entity Address, State or Province	MD
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	21202
City Area Code	410
Local Phone Number	581-8042
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share
Trading Symbol	MED
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		11,615,371
Entity Central Index Key	0000910329
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Statement Of Financial Position [Abstract]
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 1,860	$ 394
Common stock, par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized	20,000	20,000
Common stock, issued	12,126	12,117
Common stock, outstanding	11,612	11,868
Treasury stock, common, shares	489	193

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Narrative) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Jan. 01, 2019
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Right-of-use asset	$ 11,694
Lease liabilities	$ 12,373
Adjustments for New Accounting Principle, Early Adoption [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Right-of-use asset		$ 11,900
Accrued Rent		686
Lease liabilities		$ 12,600

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Share-based Compensation (Narrative) (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				9 Months Ended		21 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	$ 1,200		$ 717		$ 3,415	$ 2,352
Compensation cost recognition weighted average period					2 years 1 month 24 days
Share-based compensation, shares authorized under stock option plans, exercise price range, lower range limit					$ 26.52
Share-based compensation, shares authorized under stock option plans, exercise price range, upper range limit					$ 171.68
Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, options, grants in period, weighted average grant date fair value						$ 18.08
Proceeds from stock options exercised					$ 279	$ 220
Common Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares withheld for employee taxes		1,000		3,000	1,000	3,000
Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	723		488		$ 2,200	$ 1,700
Total income tax benefit recognized related to restricted stock awards	249		167		$ 1,500	1,600
Compensation cost recognition weighted average period					2 years 3 days
Award vesting period					5 years
Share-based compensation arrangement, fair value of awards vested					$ 4,100	$ 7,500
Shares vested in period					32,000	86,000
Unrecognized compensation costs	3,300				$ 3,300		$ 3,300
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Employee service share based compensation nonvested awards total compensation cost not yet recognized	600				$ 600		600
Compensation cost recognition weighted average period					2 years 9 months 3 days
Weighted-average remaining contractual life of options outstanding					7 years 4 months 9 days
Aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding	5,100				$ 5,100		5,100
Weighted-average remaining contractual life of options exercisable					6 years 7 months 2 days
Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercisable	$ 3,300				$ 3,300		$ 3,300
Intrinsic value of options exercised					$ 1,000	$ 1,400
Performance Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation arrangement shares to be issued	291,080				291,080		291,080
Unrecognized compensation costs	$ 2,100				$ 2,100		$ 2,100
Performance Shares [Member] | Chief Executive Officer [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	152		152		455	455
Shares vested in period							210,000
Performance Shares [Member] | Certain Key Executive [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	$ 205				$ 497
Shares vested in period	17,780				17,780
Performance Shares [Member] | Key Executives [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation	$ 77		$ 77		$ 228	$ 229
Shares vested in period	63,300		63,300		63,300	63,300
Minimum [Member] | Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period					3 years
Maximum [Member] | Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award expiration period					10 years

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Share-based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Share-based Compensation [Abstract]

Schedule of Assumptions Used

	2018
Expected term (in years)	6.4
Risk-free interest rate	2.64%
Expected volatility	33.30%
Dividend yield	2.87%

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity

The following table is a summary of our stock option activity:

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2019			2018
	Shares	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Shares	Weighted-Average Exercise Price
(shares in thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period	107	$	49.26	106	$	31.18
Granted	-		-	51		67.50
Exercised	(10)		28.21	(23)		28.87
Forfeited	-		-	(8)		31.09
Outstanding at end of the period	97	$	52.53	126	$	46.51
Exercisable at end of the period	52	$	40.96	54	$	30.21

Restricted Stock Activity

	Nine months ended September 30,
	2019			2018
	Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
(shares in thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of period	57	$	50.55	129	$	32.15
Granted	28		130.89	18		79.80
Vested	(32)		47.14	(86)		31.61
Forfeited	(2)		167.48	-		-
Outstanding at end of the period	51	$	91.98	61	$	46.90

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Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

3. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) computations are calculated utilizing the weighted average number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding during the periods presented. Diluted EPS is calculated utilizing the weighted average number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding adjusted for the effect of dilutive common stock equivalents.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income	$	15,902	$	13,781	$	58,035	$	40,136
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding		11,731		11,954		11,823		12,006
Effect of dilutive common stock equivalents		334		143		351		106
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding		12,065		12,097		12,174		12,112
Earnings per share - basic	$	1.36	$	1.15	$	4.91	$	3.34
Earnings per share - diluted	$	1.32	$	1.14	$	4.77	$	3.31

The calculation of diluted EPS excluded 1,100 and 0 antidilutive options outstanding for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 876 and 214 antidilutive options outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The calculation of diluted EPS also excluded 1,374 and 43 antidilutive restricted stock awards for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 709 and 297 antidilutive restricted stock awards for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. EPS is computed independently for each of the periods presented above, and accordingly, the sum of the quarterly earnings per common share may not equal the year-to-date total computed.

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Financial Instruments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Financial Instruments

7. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Certain financial assets and liabilities are accounted for at fair value, which is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The following fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value:

Level 1 – Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Level 2 – Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. Level 2 includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies.

Level 3 – Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value from the perspective of a market participant.

The following tables represent cash and the available-for-sale securities adjusted cost, gross unrealized losses and fair value by significant investment category recorded as cash and cash equivalents or investment securities (in thousands):

	September 30, 2019
		Cost		Unrealized Gains (Losses)		Accrued Interest		Estimated Fair Value		Cash & Cash Equivalents		Investment Securities
Cash	$	75,930	$	-	$	-	$	75,930	$	75,930	$	-
Level 1:
Certificate of deposit		-		-		-		-		-		-
Money market accounts		5,266		-		-		5,266		5,266		-
Government & agency securities		2,832		(1)		11		2,842		-		2,842
		8,098		(1)		11		8,108		5,266		2,842
Level 2:
Municipal bonds		12,709		11		156		12,876		-		12,876
Total	$	96,737	$	10	$	167	$	96,914	$	81,196	$	15,718

	December 31, 2018
		Cost		Unrealized Losses		Accrued Interest		Estimated Fair Value		Cash & Cash Equivalents		Investment Securities
Cash	$	35,436	$	-	$	-	$	35,436	$	35,436	$	-
Level 1:
Certificate of deposit		40,000		-		-		40,000		40,000		-
Money market accounts		5,928		-		-		5,928		5,928		-
Government & agency securities		2,835		(72)		-		2,763		-		2,763
		48,763		(72)		-		48,691		45,928		2,763
Level 2:
Municipal bonds		16,791		(164)		280		16,907		-		16,907
Total	$	100,990	$	(236)	$	280	$	101,034	$	81,364	$	19,670

The Company had no realized loss or gains for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As of September 30, 2019 and 2018, gross unrealized losses related to individual securities that had been in a continuous loss position for 12 months or longer were not significant. The maturities of the Company’s investment securities generally range up to 5 years for municipal bonds and for government and agency securities.

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Leases (Schedule of Future Minimum Lease Commitments under Previous Lease Accounting Standard) (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2019	$ 1,496
2020	1,528
2021	1,562
2022	1,222
2023	1,155
Thereafter	2,582
Total minimum lease payments	$ 9,545

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Abstract]

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table sets forth the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax where applicable (in thousands):

	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Foreign currency translation	$	(3)	$	(2)
Unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities		75		(171)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	$	72	$	(173)

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Earnings Per Share (Narrative) (Detail) - shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Stock Options [Member]
Anti-dilutive awards	1,100	0	876	214
Restricted Stock [Member]
Anti-dilutive awards	1,374	43	709	297

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Share-based Compensation (Schedule of Share Based Compensation Stock Options Activity) (Detail) - Stock Options [Member] shares in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019 $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2018 $ / shares shares
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares, Outstanding Beginning Balance | shares	107	106
Shares, Granted | shares		51
Shares, Exercised | shares	(10)	(23)
Shares, Forfeited | shares		(8)
Shares, Outstanding Ending Balance | shares	97	126
Shares, Exercisable | shares	52	54
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding Beginning Balance | $ / shares	$ 49.26	$ 31.18
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Granted | $ / shares		67.50
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercised | $ / shares	28.21	28.87
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Forfeited | $ / shares		31.09
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Outstanding Ending Balance | $ / shares	52.53	46.51
Weighted-Average Exercise Price, Exercisable | $ / shares	$ 40.96	$ 30.21

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Statement Of Other Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 15,902	$ 13,781	$ 58,035	$ 40,136
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation	(2)	(2)	(1)	(2)
Unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities	18	(45)	246	(104)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	16	(47)	245	(106)
Comprehensive income	$ 15,918	$ 13,734	$ 58,280	$ 40,030

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Scenario, Previously Reported [Member] Common Stock [Member]	Scenario, Previously Reported [Member] Additional Paid- In Capital [Member]	Scenario, Previously Reported [Member] Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]	Scenario, Previously Reported [Member] Retained Earnings [Member]	Scenario, Previously Reported [Member]	Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 [Member] Retained Earnings [Member]	Difference between Revenue Guidance in Effect before and after Topic 606 [Member]	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid- In Capital [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]	Total
Cumulative effect adjustments from changes in accounting standards						$ (2,018)	$ (2,018)
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 12	$ 4,967	$ (160)	$ 103,762	$ 108,581			$ 12	$ 4,967	$ (160)	$ 101,744		$ 106,563
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017	12,103							12,103
Net income											12,222		12,222
Share-based compensation									805				805
Share-based compensation (in shares)								16
Options exercised by executives and directors									62				62
Options exercised by executives and directors (in shares)								14
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes									(215)				(215)
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes, (in shares)								(3)
Treasury stock from cashless options									750			$ (750)
Treasury stock from cashless options, (in shares)								9
Other comprehensive income (loss)										(84)			(84)
Cash dividends declared to stockholders											(5,723)		(5,723)
Balance at Mar. 31, 2018								$ 12	6,369	(244)	108,243	(750)	113,630
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018								12,139
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 12	$ 4,967	$ (160)	$ 103,762	$ 108,581			$ 12	4,967	(160)	101,744		106,563
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017	12,103							12,103
Net income													40,136
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes, (in shares)								(3)
Other comprehensive income (loss)													(106)
Balance at Sep. 30, 2018								$ 12	8,040	(266)	124,601	(20,746)	111,641
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2018								12,145
Balance at Mar. 31, 2018								$ 12	6,369	(244)	108,243	(750)	113,630
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018								12,139
Net income											14,133		14,133
Share-based compensation									830				830
Options exercised by executives and directors (in shares)								2
Other comprehensive income (loss)										25			25
Treasury stock from stock repurchases												(19,996)	(19,996)
Cash dividends declared to stockholders											(5,759)		(5,759)
Balance at Jun. 30, 2018								$ 12	7,199	(219)	116,617	(20,746)	102,863
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2018								12,141
Net income											13,781		13,781
Share-based compensation									717				717
Options exercised by executives and directors									158				158
Options exercised by executives and directors (in shares)								4
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes									(34)				(34)
Other comprehensive income (loss)										(47)			(47)
Cash dividends declared to stockholders											(5,797)		(5,797)
Balance at Sep. 30, 2018								$ 12	8,040	(266)	124,601	(20,746)	111,641
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2018								12,145
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018								$ 12	8,802	(173)	131,344	(30,879)	109,106
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018								12,117
Net income											20,750		20,750
Share-based compensation									990				990
Options exercised by executives and directors									269				269
Options exercised by executives and directors (in shares)								10
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes									(256)				(256)
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes, (in shares)								(1)
Other comprehensive income (loss)										127			127
Cash dividends declared to stockholders											(8,918)		(8,918)
Balance at Mar. 31, 2019								$ 12	9,805	(46)	143,176	(30,879)	122,068
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019								12,126
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018								$ 12	8,802	(173)	131,344	(30,879)	109,106
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018								12,117
Net income													58,035
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes, (in shares)								(1)
Other comprehensive income (loss)													245
Balance at Sep. 30, 2019								$ 12	12,207	72	162,902	(63,993)	111,200
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2019								12,126
Balance at Mar. 31, 2019								$ 12	9,805	(46)	143,176	(30,879)	122,068
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019								12,126
Net income											21,383		21,383
Share-based compensation									1,255				1,255
Options exercised by executives and directors									10				10
Other comprehensive income (loss)										102			102
Treasury stock from stock repurchases												(9,998)	(9,998)
Cash dividends declared to stockholders											(8,797)		(8,797)
Balance at Jun. 30, 2019								$ 12	11,070	56	155,762	(40,877)	126,023
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2019								12,126
Net income											15,902		15,902
Share-based compensation									1,170				1,170
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes									(33)				(33)
Other comprehensive income (loss)										16			16
Treasury stock from stock repurchases												(23,116)	(23,116)
Cash dividends declared to stockholders											(8,762)		(8,762)
Balance at Sep. 30, 2019								$ 12	$ 12,207	$ 72	$ 162,902	$ (63,993)	$ 111,200
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2019								12,126

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Financial Instruments (Narrative) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Financial Instruments [Line Items]
Realized loss or gains	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0
US Treasury and Government Short-term Debt Securities [Member]
Financial Instruments [Line Items]
Available for Sale Securities Maturity Period			5 years

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Leases (Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow Information) (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)
LEASES
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurements of lease: Operating cash flow from operating leases liabilities	$ 729	$ 2,121
Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability		$ 1,490
Weighted average remaining lease term	5 years	5 years
Weighted average discount rate	3.90%	3.90%

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Leases

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

LEASES

LEASES

5. LEASES

The Company has operating leases for office and warehouse space and certain equipment. In certain of the Company’s lease agreements, the rental payments are adjusted periodically based on defined terms within the lease. The Company did not have any finance leases as of September 30, 2019 and for the nine-month period then ended.

Our leases relating to office and warehouse space have terms of 63 months to 122 months. Our leases relating to equipment have lease terms of 60 to 203 months, with some of them having clauses relating to automatic renewal.

The Company’s warehouse agreement also contains non-lease components, in the form of payments towards logistics services and labor charges which the Company is obligated to pay based on the services consumed by it. Such amounts are not included in the measurement of the lease liability but will be recognized as expense when they are incurred.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the operating lease expense was $726 thousand and $2.1 million, respectively.

Supplemental cash flow information related to the Company’s operating leases were as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,		Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurements of lease liabilities
Operating cash flow from operating leases	$	729	$	2,121
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations
Operating leases	$	-	$	1,490

As of September 30, 2019, the weighted average remaining lease term was 5.0 years and the weighted average discount rate was 3.9%.

The following table presents the maturity of the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019 (in thousands):

2019 (excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2019)	$	733
2020		2,951
2021		2,985
2022		2,641
2023		1,665
Thereafter		2,686
Total lease payments	$	13,661
Less: imputed interest		(1,288)
Total	$	12,373

As previously disclosed in our 2018 Form 10-K and under the previous lease accounting standard, future minimum lease commitments under non-cancelable operating leases with terms in excess of one year would have been as follows (in thousands):

2019	$	1,496
2020		1,528
2021		1,562
2022		1,222
2023		1,155
Thereafter		2,582
Total minimum lease payments	$	9,545

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Inventories (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Inventories [Abstract]

Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Raw materials	$	12,680	$	11,156
Packaging		3,592		1,563
Non-food finished goods		5,102		2,391
Finished goods		33,766		25,509
Reserve for obsolete inventory		(3,215)		(1,731)
Total	$	51,925	$	38,888

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Abstract]
Foreign currency translation	$ (3)	$ (2)
Unrealized losses on marketable securities	75	(171)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$ 72	$ (173)

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Leases (Narrative) (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Clauses relating to automatic renewal		true
Operating lease expense	$ 726	$ 2,100
Minimum [Member] | Operating Lease Arrangement for Real Estate [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lease term	63 months	63 months
Minimum [Member] | Operating Lease Arrangement for Equipment [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lease term	60 months	60 months
Maximum [Member] | Operating Lease Arrangement for Real Estate [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lease term	122 months	122 months
Maximum [Member] | Operating Lease Arrangement for Equipment [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lease term	203 months	203 months

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

6. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The following table sets forth the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax where applicable (in thousands):

	September 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Foreign currency translation	$	(3)	$	(2)
Unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities		75		(171)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	$	72	$	(173)

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income	$	15,902	$	13,781	$	58,035	$	40,136
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding		11,731		11,954		11,823		12,006
Effect of dilutive common stock equivalents		334		143		351		106
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding		12,065		12,097		12,174		12,112
Earnings per share - basic	$	1.36	$	1.15	$	4.91	$	3.34
Earnings per share - diluted	$	1.32	$	1.14	$	4.77	$	3.31

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Share-based Compensation (Summary of Restricted Stock Activity) (Detail) - Restricted Stock [Member] - $ / shares shares in Thousands	9 Months Ended		21 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019
Shares
Outstanding at beginning of period	57	129	129
Granted	28	18
Vested	(32)	(86)
Forfeited	(2)
Outstanding at end of period	51	61	51
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at beginning of period	$ 50.55	$ 32.15	$ 32.15
Granted	130.89	79.80
Vested	47.14	31.61
Forfeited	167.48
Outstanding at end of period	$ 91.98	$ 46.90	$ 91.98

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Financial Instruments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Financial Instruments [Abstract]

Cash and Available for Sale Securities Adjusted Cost, Gross Unrealized Gains, Gross Unrealized Losses, and Fair Value by Significant Investment Category

The following tables represent cash and the available-for-sale securities adjusted cost, gross unrealized losses and fair value by significant investment category recorded as cash and cash equivalents or investment securities (in thousands):

	September 30, 2019
		Cost		Unrealized Gains (Losses)		Accrued Interest		Estimated Fair Value		Cash & Cash Equivalents		Investment Securities
Cash	$	75,930	$	-	$	-	$	75,930	$	75,930	$	-
Level 1:
Certificate of deposit		-		-		-		-		-		-
Money market accounts		5,266		-		-		5,266		5,266		-
Government & agency securities		2,832		(1)		11		2,842		-		2,842
		8,098		(1)		11		8,108		5,266		2,842
Level 2:
Municipal bonds		12,709		11		156		12,876		-		12,876
Total	$	96,737	$	10	$	167	$	96,914	$	81,196	$	15,718

	December 31, 2018
		Cost		Unrealized Losses		Accrued Interest		Estimated Fair Value		Cash & Cash Equivalents		Investment Securities
Cash	$	35,436	$	-	$	-	$	35,436	$	35,436	$	-
Level 1:
Certificate of deposit		40,000		-		-		40,000		40,000		-
Money market accounts		5,928		-		-		5,928		5,928		-
Government & agency securities		2,835		(72)		-		2,763		-		2,763
		48,763		(72)		-		48,691		45,928		2,763
Level 2:
Municipal bonds		16,791		(164)		280		16,907		-		16,907
Total	$	100,990	$	(236)	$	280	$	101,034	$	81,364	$	19,670

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Earnings Per Share (Earnings Per Share) (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Numerator:
Net income	$ 15,902	$ 21,383	$ 20,750	$ 13,781	$ 14,133	$ 12,222	$ 58,035	$ 40,136
Denominator:
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding	11,731			11,954			11,823	12,006
Effect of dilutive common stock equivalents	334			143			351	106
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding	12,065			12,097			12,174	12,112
Basic earnings per share
Earnings per share	$ 1.36			$ 1.15			$ 4.91	$ 3.34
Diluted earnings per share
Earnings per share	$ 1.32			$ 1.14			$ 4.77	$ 3.31

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 190,061	$ 139,239	$ 543,040	$ 355,159
Cost of sales	47,128	32,038	134,250	84,351
Gross profit	142,933	107,201	408,790	270,808
Selling, general, and administrative	122,671	89,734	336,458	221,548
Income from operations	20,262	17,467	72,332	49,260
Other income (expense)
Interest income, net	324	361	1,061	940
Other income (expense)	(3)		(11)	178
Other income (expense)	321	361	1,050	1,118
Income from operations before income taxes	20,583	17,828	73,382	50,378
Provision for income taxes	4,681	4,047	15,347	10,242
Net income	$ 15,902	$ 13,781	$ 58,035	$ 40,136
Basic earnings per share
Earnings per share, basic	$ 1.36	$ 1.15	$ 4.91	$ 3.34
Diluted earnings per share
Earnings per share, diluted	$ 1.32	$ 1.14	$ 4.77	$ 3.31
Weighted average shares outstanding -
Basic	11,731	11,954	11,823	12,006
Diluted	12,065	12,097	12,174	12,112
Cash dividends declared per share	$ 0.75	$ 0.48	$ 2.25	$ 1.44

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2018
Operating Activities
Net income	$ 58,035	$ 40,136
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	3,363	3,519
Share-based compensation	3,415	2,352
Loss on sale of disposal of property, plant and equipment	17	50
Bad debt expense	3,209	642
Amortization of premium on investment securities	355	434
Deferred income taxes	1,093	(2,028)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(3,649)	(526)
Inventory	(13,037)	(23,615)
Income taxes, prepaid	(3,200)	2,272
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(232)	453
Other assets	188	134
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	15,552	21,655
Net cash flow provided by operating activities	65,109	45,478
Investing Activities
Sale and maturities of investment securities	3,730	2,245
Sale of property and equipment		184
Purchase of property and equipment	(9,224)	(3,246)
Net cash flow used in investing activities	(5,494)	(817)
Financing Activities
Options exercised by executives and directors	279	220
Net shares repurchased for employee taxes	(289)	(249)
Cash dividends paid to stockholders	(26,658)	(17,404)
Stock repurchases	(33,114)	(19,996)
Net cash flow used in financing activities	(59,782)	(37,429)
Foreign currency impact	(1)	(2)
Increase in cash and cash equivalents	(168)	7,230
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of the period	81,364	75,077
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period	81,196	82,307
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Income taxes paid	17,333	9,540
Dividends declared included in accounts payable	$ 8,955	$ 5,981