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Lease Accounting
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Leases [Abstract]  
Lease Accounting Lease Accounting
The following is a summary of the Company's accounting for leases as of and during the six-month period ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
Lessor
Lexington’s lease portfolio as a lessor primarily includes general purpose, single-tenant net-leased industrial and office real estate assets. Most of the Company’s leases require tenants to pay fixed annual rental payments that escalate on an annual basis and variable payments for other operating expenses, such as real estate taxes, insurance, common area maintenance ("CAM"), and utilities, that are based on the actual expenses incurred.
Certain leases allow for the tenant to renew the lease term upon expiration or earlier. Periods covered by a renewal option are included within the lease term only when renewals are deemed to be reasonably certain. Certain leases allow for the tenant to terminate the lease before the expiration of lease term and certain leases provide the tenant with the right to purchase the leased property at fair market value or a stipulated price upon expiration of the lease term or before.
Accounting guidance under Topic 842 requires the Company to make certain assumptions and judgments in applying the guidance, including determining whether an arrangement includes a lease and determining the lease term when the contract has renewal, purchase or early termination provisions.
From a lessor perspective, the Company concluded that revenue from lease components are primarily recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless another systematic and rational basis is more representative of the time pattern in which the use benefit is derived from the leased property. Revenue is recognized on a contractual basis for leases with escalations tied to a Consumer Price Index (CPI) with no floor. If the Company funds tenant improvements and the improvements are deemed to be owned by the Company, revenue recognition commences when the improvements are substantially complete and control of the space is turned over to the tenant. If the Company determines that the tenant allowances are lease incentives, the Company commences revenue recognition when possession or control of the space is turned over to the tenant for tenant work to begin. The lease incentive is recorded as a deferred expense and amortized as a reduction of revenue on a straight-line basis over the respective lease term. The Company recognizes lease termination fees as rental revenue in the period received and writes off unamortized lease-related intangible and other lease-related account balances, provided there are no further Company obligations under the lease. Otherwise, such fees and balances are recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining obligation period with the termination payments being recorded as a component of rent receivable-deferred on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The Company analyzes its accounts receivable, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends when evaluating the adequacy of the collectability of the lessee's total accounts receivable balance on a lease by lease basis. In addition, tenants in bankruptcy are analyzed and considerations are made in connection with the expected pre-petition and post-petition claims. If a lessee's accounts receivable balance is considered uncollectable, the Company will write-off the receivable balances associated with the lease to rental revenue and cease to recognize lease income, including straight-line rent, unless cash is received. If the Company subsequently determines that it is probable it will collect substantially all of the lessee's remaining lease payments under the lease term; the Company will reinstate the straight-line balance adjusting for the amount related to the period when the lease was accounted for on a cash basis. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company wrote off a deferred rent receivable balance of $615, as a reduction of rental revenue, related to a tenant that dissolved and surrendered its leased premises in an industrial property located in the Columbus, Ohio market.
Certain tenants have been experiencing financial difficulties as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company wrote off a deferred rent receivable balance of $117, as a reduction of rental revenue, related to a tenant that vacated its leased premises in an industrial property located in the Nashville, Tennessee market. Also, during the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company reserved $1,243 of deferred rent receivable, as a reduction of rental revenue, related to the tenant that occupies a distribution facility located in Shreveport, LA, that filed for reorganization under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. Furthermore, the Company is recognizing rental income on a cash basis related to this tenant because the Company determined that collection of the deferred rent receivable was not probable at this time. As of June 30, 2020, the tenant continues to occupy the Shreveport distribution facility and the Company has received all post-petition rental payments due as of June 30, 2020.
During the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, rental revenue was reduced by $40 and $307, respectively, for accounts receivable deemed uncollectable.
The Company determined that the lease and non-lease components in its leases are a single lease component and is, therefore, being recognized as rental revenue in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The primary non-lease service that is included within rental revenue is CAM services provided as part of the Company’s real estate leases. Topic 842 requires that the Company capitalize, as initial direct costs, only those costs that are incurred due to the execution of a lease. As of June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company incurred $29 and $161, respectively, of costs that were not incremental to the execution of leases, which are included in property operating expenses on its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Company manages the risk associated with the residual value of its leased properties by including contract clauses that make tenants responsible for surrendering the space in good condition upon lease termination, holding a diversified portfolio, and other activities. The Company does not have residual value guarantees on specific properties.
The following table presents the Company’s classification of rental revenue for its operating leases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
Classification June 30, 2020June 30, 2019June 30, 2020June 30, 2019
Fixed$73,374  $72,703  $144,639  $145,412  
Variable(1)
7,720  6,055  15,190  13,321  
Total$81,094  $78,758  $159,829  $158,733  
(1) Primarily comprised of tenant reimbursements.
Future fixed rental receipts for leases, assuming no new or re-negotiated leases as of June 30, 2020 were as follows:
2020 - remainder$141,738  
2021277,438  
2022265,539  
2023264,398  
2024233,935  
2025209,025  
Thereafter1,278,922  
Total$2,670,995  
Lessee
The Company has ground leases, corporate leases for office space, and office equipment leases. All leases were classified as operating leases as of June 30, 2020. The leases have remaining lease terms of up to 43 years, some of which include options to extend the leases in 5 to 10-year increments for up to 53 years. Renewal periods are included in the lease term only when renewal is deemed to be reasonably certain. The lease term also includes periods covered by an option to terminate the lease if the Company is reasonably certain not to exercise the termination option. The Company measures its lease payments by including fixed rental payments and variable rental payments that tie to an index or a rate, such as CPI. Minimum lease payments for leases that commenced before the date of adoption of ASC 842 were determined based on previous leases guidance under ASC 840. The Company recognizes lease expense for its operating leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term and variable lease expense not included in the lease payment measurement as incurred.
The accounting guidance under Topic 842 requires the Company to make certain assumptions and judgments in applying the guidance, including determining whether an arrangement includes a lease, determining the term of a lease when the contract has renewal or termination provisions and determining the discount rate.
The Company determines whether an arrangement is or includes a lease at contract inception by evaluating whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. If the Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from and can direct the use of, the identified asset for a period of time, the Company accounts for the contract as a lease.
As the Company does not know the rate implicit in the respective leases, the Company used its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the transition date for such existing leases. The Company uses the information available at the lease commencement date to determine the discount rate for any new leases. The Company used a portfolio approach to determine its incremental borrowing rate. Lease contracts were grouped based on similar lease terms and economic environments in a manner in which the Company reasonably expects that the outcome from applying a portfolio approach does not differ materially from an individual lease approach. The Company estimated a collateralized discount rate for each portfolio of leases.
Supplemental information related to operating leases is as follows:
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term
Operating leases (years)12.412.6
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases4.2 %4.1 %

The components of lease expense for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
Income Statement Classification FixedVariableTotal
2020:
Property operating$1,990  $—  $1,990  
General and administrative677  47  724  
Total$2,667  $47  $2,714  
2019:
Property operating$1,992  $—  $1,992  
General and administrative671  57  728  
Total$2,663  $57  $2,720  
The Company recognized sublease income of $1,882 for both the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
The following table shows the Company's maturity analysis of its operating lease liabilities as of June 30, 2020:
Operating Leases
2020 - remainder$2,448  
20215,060  
20225,135  
20235,279  
20245,301  
20255,301  
Thereafter21,370  
Total lease payments$49,894  
Less: Imputed interest(12,079) 
Present value of operating lease liabilities$37,815  
Lease Accounting Lease Accounting
The following is a summary of the Company's accounting for leases as of and during the six-month period ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
Lessor
Lexington’s lease portfolio as a lessor primarily includes general purpose, single-tenant net-leased industrial and office real estate assets. Most of the Company’s leases require tenants to pay fixed annual rental payments that escalate on an annual basis and variable payments for other operating expenses, such as real estate taxes, insurance, common area maintenance ("CAM"), and utilities, that are based on the actual expenses incurred.
Certain leases allow for the tenant to renew the lease term upon expiration or earlier. Periods covered by a renewal option are included within the lease term only when renewals are deemed to be reasonably certain. Certain leases allow for the tenant to terminate the lease before the expiration of lease term and certain leases provide the tenant with the right to purchase the leased property at fair market value or a stipulated price upon expiration of the lease term or before.
Accounting guidance under Topic 842 requires the Company to make certain assumptions and judgments in applying the guidance, including determining whether an arrangement includes a lease and determining the lease term when the contract has renewal, purchase or early termination provisions.
From a lessor perspective, the Company concluded that revenue from lease components are primarily recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term unless another systematic and rational basis is more representative of the time pattern in which the use benefit is derived from the leased property. Revenue is recognized on a contractual basis for leases with escalations tied to a Consumer Price Index (CPI) with no floor. If the Company funds tenant improvements and the improvements are deemed to be owned by the Company, revenue recognition commences when the improvements are substantially complete and control of the space is turned over to the tenant. If the Company determines that the tenant allowances are lease incentives, the Company commences revenue recognition when possession or control of the space is turned over to the tenant for tenant work to begin. The lease incentive is recorded as a deferred expense and amortized as a reduction of revenue on a straight-line basis over the respective lease term. The Company recognizes lease termination fees as rental revenue in the period received and writes off unamortized lease-related intangible and other lease-related account balances, provided there are no further Company obligations under the lease. Otherwise, such fees and balances are recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining obligation period with the termination payments being recorded as a component of rent receivable-deferred on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The Company analyzes its accounts receivable, customer creditworthiness and current economic trends when evaluating the adequacy of the collectability of the lessee's total accounts receivable balance on a lease by lease basis. In addition, tenants in bankruptcy are analyzed and considerations are made in connection with the expected pre-petition and post-petition claims. If a lessee's accounts receivable balance is considered uncollectable, the Company will write-off the receivable balances associated with the lease to rental revenue and cease to recognize lease income, including straight-line rent, unless cash is received. If the Company subsequently determines that it is probable it will collect substantially all of the lessee's remaining lease payments under the lease term; the Company will reinstate the straight-line balance adjusting for the amount related to the period when the lease was accounted for on a cash basis. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company wrote off a deferred rent receivable balance of $615, as a reduction of rental revenue, related to a tenant that dissolved and surrendered its leased premises in an industrial property located in the Columbus, Ohio market.
Certain tenants have been experiencing financial difficulties as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company wrote off a deferred rent receivable balance of $117, as a reduction of rental revenue, related to a tenant that vacated its leased premises in an industrial property located in the Nashville, Tennessee market. Also, during the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company reserved $1,243 of deferred rent receivable, as a reduction of rental revenue, related to the tenant that occupies a distribution facility located in Shreveport, LA, that filed for reorganization under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. Furthermore, the Company is recognizing rental income on a cash basis related to this tenant because the Company determined that collection of the deferred rent receivable was not probable at this time. As of June 30, 2020, the tenant continues to occupy the Shreveport distribution facility and the Company has received all post-petition rental payments due as of June 30, 2020.
During the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, rental revenue was reduced by $40 and $307, respectively, for accounts receivable deemed uncollectable.
The Company determined that the lease and non-lease components in its leases are a single lease component and is, therefore, being recognized as rental revenue in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The primary non-lease service that is included within rental revenue is CAM services provided as part of the Company’s real estate leases. Topic 842 requires that the Company capitalize, as initial direct costs, only those costs that are incurred due to the execution of a lease. As of June 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company incurred $29 and $161, respectively, of costs that were not incremental to the execution of leases, which are included in property operating expenses on its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The Company manages the risk associated with the residual value of its leased properties by including contract clauses that make tenants responsible for surrendering the space in good condition upon lease termination, holding a diversified portfolio, and other activities. The Company does not have residual value guarantees on specific properties.
The following table presents the Company’s classification of rental revenue for its operating leases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
Classification June 30, 2020June 30, 2019June 30, 2020June 30, 2019
Fixed$73,374  $72,703  $144,639  $145,412  
Variable(1)
7,720  6,055  15,190  13,321  
Total$81,094  $78,758  $159,829  $158,733  
(1) Primarily comprised of tenant reimbursements.
Future fixed rental receipts for leases, assuming no new or re-negotiated leases as of June 30, 2020 were as follows:
2020 - remainder$141,738  
2021277,438  
2022265,539  
2023264,398  
2024233,935  
2025209,025  
Thereafter1,278,922  
Total$2,670,995  
Lessee
The Company has ground leases, corporate leases for office space, and office equipment leases. All leases were classified as operating leases as of June 30, 2020. The leases have remaining lease terms of up to 43 years, some of which include options to extend the leases in 5 to 10-year increments for up to 53 years. Renewal periods are included in the lease term only when renewal is deemed to be reasonably certain. The lease term also includes periods covered by an option to terminate the lease if the Company is reasonably certain not to exercise the termination option. The Company measures its lease payments by including fixed rental payments and variable rental payments that tie to an index or a rate, such as CPI. Minimum lease payments for leases that commenced before the date of adoption of ASC 842 were determined based on previous leases guidance under ASC 840. The Company recognizes lease expense for its operating leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term and variable lease expense not included in the lease payment measurement as incurred.
The accounting guidance under Topic 842 requires the Company to make certain assumptions and judgments in applying the guidance, including determining whether an arrangement includes a lease, determining the term of a lease when the contract has renewal or termination provisions and determining the discount rate.
The Company determines whether an arrangement is or includes a lease at contract inception by evaluating whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. If the Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from and can direct the use of, the identified asset for a period of time, the Company accounts for the contract as a lease.
As the Company does not know the rate implicit in the respective leases, the Company used its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the transition date for such existing leases. The Company uses the information available at the lease commencement date to determine the discount rate for any new leases. The Company used a portfolio approach to determine its incremental borrowing rate. Lease contracts were grouped based on similar lease terms and economic environments in a manner in which the Company reasonably expects that the outcome from applying a portfolio approach does not differ materially from an individual lease approach. The Company estimated a collateralized discount rate for each portfolio of leases.
Supplemental information related to operating leases is as follows:
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term
Operating leases (years)12.412.6
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases4.2 %4.1 %

The components of lease expense for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:
Income Statement Classification FixedVariableTotal
2020:
Property operating$1,990  $—  $1,990  
General and administrative677  47  724  
Total$2,667  $47  $2,714  
2019:
Property operating$1,992  $—  $1,992  
General and administrative671  57  728  
Total$2,663  $57  $2,720  
The Company recognized sublease income of $1,882 for both the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
The following table shows the Company's maturity analysis of its operating lease liabilities as of June 30, 2020:
Operating Leases
2020 - remainder$2,448  
20215,060  
20225,135  
20235,279  
20245,301  
20255,301  
Thereafter21,370  
Total lease payments$49,894  
Less: Imputed interest(12,079) 
Present value of operating lease liabilities$37,815