Contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Company is party to various commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints, including matters involving warranty claims, intellectual property claims, general liability and various other risks. It is not possible to predict with certainty whether or not the Company will ultimately be successful in any of these commercial and legal matters or, if not, what the impact might be. The Company's environmental and product liability contingencies are discussed separately below. The Company's management does not expect that an adverse outcome in any of these commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints will have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows, although it could be material to the results of operations in a particular quarter.

Environmental

The Company and certain of its current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, subsidiaries and divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and certain state environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) at various hazardous waste disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“Superfund”) and equivalent state laws and, as such, may presently be liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 27 such sites. Responsibility for clean-up and other remedial activities at a Superfund site is typically shared among PRPs based on an allocation formula.

The Company believes that none of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Generally, this is because either the estimates of the maximum potential liability at a site are not material or the liability will be shared with other PRPs, although no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of any such matter.

Based on information available to the Company (which in most cases includes: an estimate of allocation of liability among PRPs; the probability that other PRPs, many of whom are large, solvent public companies, will fully pay the cost apportioned to them; currently available information from PRPs and/or federal or state environmental agencies concerning the scope of contamination and estimated remediation and consulting costs; and remediation alternatives), the Company has an accrual for indicated environmental liabilities of $7.0 million and $8.3 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The Company expects to pay out substantially all of the amounts accrued for environmental liability over the next five years.

Asbestos-related Liability

Like many other industrial companies that have historically operated in the United States, the Company, or parties that the Company is obligated to indemnify, continues to be named as one of many defendants in asbestos-related personal injury actions. We believe that the Company’s involvement is limited because these claims generally relate to a few types of automotive products that were manufactured over thirty years ago and contained encapsulated asbestos. The nature of the fibers, the encapsulation of the asbestos, and the manner of the products’ use all lead the Company to believe that these products were and are highly unlikely to cause harm. Furthermore, the useful life of nearly all of these products expired many years ago.

The Company’s asbestos-related claims activity during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:




	2018		2017
Beginning Claims January 1	9,225		9,385
New Claims Received	1,020		1,116
Dismissed Claims	(786	)	(965	)
Settled Claims	(189	)	(244	)
Ending Claims June 30	9,270		9,292

The Company vigorously defends against these claims, and has obtained the dismissal of the majority of the claims asserted against it without any payment. The Company likewise expects that no payment will be made by the Company or its insurers in the vast majority of current and future asbestos-related claims in which it has been or will be named (or has an obligation to indemnify a party which has been or will be named).

Through June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company incurred $556.9 million and $528.7 million, respectively, in indemnity (including settlement payments) and defense costs in connection with asbestos-related claims. During the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company paid $28.2 million and $26.5 million, respectively, in indemnity and related defense costs in connection with asbestos-related claims. These gross payments are before tax benefits and any insurance receipts. Indemnity and defense costs are incorporated into the Company's operating cash flows and will continue to be in the future.

The Company reviews, on an ongoing basis, its own experience in handling asbestos-related claims and trends affecting asbestos-related claims in the U.S. tort system generally, for the purposes of assessing the value of pending asbestos-related claims and the number and value of those that may be asserted in the future, as well as potential recoveries from the Company’s insurers with respect to such claims and defense costs. The Company has accrued estimated amounts in its consolidated financial statements on account of asbestos-related claims that have been asserted but not yet resolved and for claims that have not yet been asserted. The Company's estimate of asbestos-related claims not yet asserted is not discounted to present value and includes an estimate of liability for potential future claims not yet asserted through December 31, 2059 with a runoff through 2067. The Company currently believes that December 31, 2067 is a reasonable assumption as to the last date on which it is likely to have resolved all asbestos-related claims, based on the nature and useful life of the Company’s products and the likelihood of incidence of asbestos-related disease in the U.S. population generally. As of June 30, 2018, the Company’s reasonable best estimate of the aggregate liability for both asbestos-related claims asserted but not yet resolved and potential asbestos-related claims not yet asserted, including estimated defense costs, is as follows:



(in millions)	2018			2017
Asbestos Liability beginning balance, January 1	$	828.2		$	879.3
Indemnity and Defense Related Costs	(28.3		)	(26.6		)
Asbestos Liability ending balance, June 30	$	799.9		$	852.7

The Company’s estimate of the indemnity and defense costs for asbestos-related claims asserted but not yet resolved and potential claims not yet asserted is its reasonable best estimate of such costs. Such estimate is subject to numerous uncertainties. These include future legislative or judicial changes affecting the U.S. tort system, bankruptcy proceedings involving one or more co-defendants, the impact and timing of payments from bankruptcy trusts that presently exist and those that may exist in the future, disease emergence and associated claim filings, the impact of future settlements or significant judgments, changes in the medical condition of claimants, changes in the treatment of asbestos-related disease, and any changes in settlement or defense strategies. The balances recorded for asbestos-related claims are based on the best available information and assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable, including as to the number of future claims that may be asserted, the percentage of claims that may result in a payment, the average cost to resolve such claims, and potential defense costs. The Company has concluded that it is reasonably possible that it may incur additional losses through 2067 for asbestos-related claims, in addition to amounts recorded, of up to approximately $100.0 million as of June 30, 2018. The various assumptions utilized in arriving at the Company’s estimate may also change over time, and the Company’s actual liability for asbestos-related claims asserted but not yet resolved and those not yet asserted may be higher or lower than the Company’s estimate as a result of such changes.

On June 15, 2018, the Company announced that it would restate its consolidated financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, due to the Company’s re-evaluation of its accounting in those years for the estimated value of asbestos-related claims that had not yet been asserted and their associated defense costs. The Company will also make appropriate revisions to the selected financial data for 2014 and 2013 and the quarterly information for 2016 to reflect these changes. The restatement does not affect the current financial results reported on this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, nor does it affect the Company’s previously reported results for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017. The Company is working to prepare restated financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, which the Company anticipates filing with the SEC on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2017 as soon as practicable. For more information concerning the restatement, please see the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by the Company with the SEC on June 15, 2018.

The Company has certain insurance coverage applicable to asbestos-related claims. Prior to June 2004, the settlement and defense costs associated with all asbestos-related claims were paid by the Company's primary layer insurance carriers under a series of interim funding arrangements. In June 2004, primary layer insurance carriers notified the Company of the alleged exhaustion of their policy limits. A declaratory judgment action was filed in January 2004 in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois by Continental Casualty Company and related companies against the Company and certain of its historical general liability insurers. The Cook County court has issued a number of interim rulings and discovery is continuing in this proceeding. The Company is vigorously pursuing the litigation against all carriers that are parties to it, as well as pursuing settlement discussions with its carriers where appropriate. The Company has entered into settlement agreements with certain of its insurance carriers, resolving such insurance carriers’ coverage disputes through the carriers’ agreement to pay specified amounts to the Company, either immediately or over a specified period. Through June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company received $270.5 million and $270.0 million, respectively, in cash and notes from insurers on account of indemnity and defense costs respecting asbestos-related claims.

The Company continues to have additional excess insurance coverage available for potential future asbestos-related claims. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company estimates that it has $386.4 million in aggregate insurance coverage available with respect to asbestos-related claims, and their associated defense costs, which the Company has recorded as a receivable. The Company has determined the amount of that estimate by taking into account the remaining limits of the insurance coverage, the number and amount of potential claims from co-insured parties, potential remaining recoveries from insolvent insurers, the impact of previous insurance settlements, and coverage available from solvent insurers not party to the coverage litigation. The Company’s remaining estimated insurance coverage relating to asbestos-related claims and their associated defense costs is the subject of disputes with its insurers, substantially all of which are being adjudicated in the Cook County insurance litigation. The Company believes that its insurance receivable is probable of collection notwithstanding those disputes based on, among other things, the arguments made by the insurers in the Cook County litigation and evaluation of those arguments by the Company and its counsel, the case law applicable to the issues in dispute, the rulings to date by the Cook County court, the absence of any credible evidence alleged by the insurers that they are not liable to indemnify the Company, and the fact that the Company has recovered a substantial portion of its insurance coverage, $270.5 million, to date from its insurers under similar policies. However, the resolution of the insurance coverage disputes, and the number and amount of claims on our insurance from co-insured parties, may increase or decrease the amount of such insurance coverage available to the Company as compared to the Company’s estimate.

The amounts recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets respecting asbestos-related claims are as follows:



	June 30,		December 31,
(in millions)	2018		2017
Assets:
Non-current assets	$	386.4	$	386.4
Total insurance assets	$	386.4	$	386.4
Liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	52.0	$	52.5
Other non-current liabilities	747.9		775.7
Total accrued liabilities	$	799.9	$	828.2