-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, LHBzkE5gzpf33oqjkR48OAcIo3O3JO/RCZtdiGIbNNEcyT9BFUsurZKBQfOOGrpW cZaNdnum0Rt2OPM/KR7+4w== 0000908255-08-000021.txt : 20080214 0000908255-08-000021.hdr.sgml : 20080214 20080214165756 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000908255-08-000021 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 7 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20071231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20080214 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20080214 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: BORGWARNER INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000908255 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: MOTOR VEHICLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES [3714] IRS NUMBER: 133404508 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-12162 FILM NUMBER: 08618358 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 3850 HAMLIN RD. CITY: AUBURN HILLS STATE: MI ZIP: 48326 BUSINESS PHONE: 2487549200 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 3850 HAMLIN RD. CITY: AUBURN HILLS STATE: MI ZIP: 48326 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: BORG WARNER AUTOMOTIVE INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19930628 10-K 1 form10k.htm form10k.htm

 
UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549 
 
Form 10-K 
x  Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007 
OR 
 Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
For the transition period from                    to                           
 
Commission File Number: 1-12162 
 
BorgWarner Inc. 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Delaware
  
13-3404508
(State of Incorporation)
  
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
3850 Hamlin Road 
Auburn Hills, Michigan 48326 
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code 248-754-9200 
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
   
 
Name of each exchange on
Title of each class
which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
______________________________________________
 
     Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes x    No 
     Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes          No x
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports),
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes x         No 
     Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  X  
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer x         Accelerated filer          Non-accelerated filer 
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes          No x
     The aggregate market value of the voting common stock of the registrant held by stockholders (not including voting common stock held by directors and executive officers of the registrant) on June 30, 2007 (the last business day of the most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was approximately $5.0 billion. As of February 14, 2008, the registrant had 116,396,879 shares of voting common stock outstanding.
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 
 
     Portions of the following documents are incorporated herein by reference into the Part of the Form 10-K indicated.
   
Part of Form 10-K
   
into which
Document
  
incorporated
     
      BorgWarner Inc. 2007 Summary Annual Report to Stockholders
  
Parts I, II and IV
      BorgWarner Inc. Proxy Statement for the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
  
Part III



 
 
 
 
FORM 10-K 
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007
INDEX
Item
    
Number
  
Page
     
 PART I
 1.
         Business
   4
 1A.
R      Risk Factors
 14
 1B.
         Unresolved Staff Comments
 17
 2.
         Properties
 17
 3.
         Legal Proceedings
 18
 4.
         Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
 19
 PART II
 5.
         Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
19
 6.
         Selected Financial Data
 20 
 7.
         Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
20 
 7A.
         Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
21
 8.
         Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
 21
 9.
C      Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
 21
 9A.
         Controls and Procedures
 24 
 9B.
         Other Information
  
 PART III
 10.
         Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
 24 
 11.
         Executive Compensation
 24 
 12.
         Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
 24 
 13.
         Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
 24 
 14.
         Principal Accountant Fees and Services
 24 
 PART IV
 15.
         Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
 25 
 
 
 
 
2
 
CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS FOR FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION 
 
    BorgWarner Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries (the “Company”) make forward-looking statements in this document that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates, and projections. Words such as "expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and generally beyond our control. Such risks and uncertainties could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed, projected, or implied in or by our forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include: fluctuations in global or regional vehicle production, the continued use of outside suppliers by original equipment manufacturers, fluctuations in demand for vehicles containing our products, general economic conditions, as well as the other risks noted under “Risk Factors.” We do not undertake any obligation to update any of our forward-looking statements.
 
 
3
 


   
Item 1.
 Business
     
    The Company is a Delaware corporation that was incorporated in 1987. The Company is a leading, global supplier of highly engineered automotive systems and components, primarily for powertrain applications. The Company’s products help improve vehicle performance, fuel efficiency, stability and air quality.  These products are manufactured and sold worldwide, primarily to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) of light-vehicles (passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, vans and light-trucks). The Company’s products are also sold to other OEMs of commercial trucks, buses and agricultural and off-highway vehicles. The Company also manufactures and sells its products to certain Tier One vehicle systems suppliers and into the aftermarket for light and commercial vehicles.  The Company operates manufacturing facilities serving customers in the Americas, Europe and Asia, and is an original equipment supplier to every major automotive OEM in the world.
 
Financial Information About Segments 
  
    Incorporated herein by reference is Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Summary Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2007 (the “Company’s Summary Annual Report”) filed as an exhibit to this report.
 
Narrative Description of Reporting Segments 
 
    The Company reports its results under two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain. Net revenues by segment for the three years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 are as follows (in millions of dollars):

   
Year Ended December 31,
  
       
   
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
                   
         Engine
  
$
3,761.3
    
$
3,154.9
    
$
2,855.4
  
         Drivetrain
    
1,598.8
      
1,461.4
      
1,472.9
  
         Inter-segment eliminations
    
(31.5
)
    
(30.9
)
    
(34.5
)
                   
         Net sales
  
$
5,328.6
    
$
4,585.4
    
$
4,293.8
  
                   
 
    The sales information presented above excludes the sales by the Company’s unconsolidated joint ventures (See “Joint Ventures” section). Such sales totaled approximately $720 million in 2007, $676 million in 2006 and $635 million in 2005.
 
Engine 
 
    The Engine Group develops products to manage engines for fuel efficiency, reduced emissions, and enhanced performance. Its products currently fall into the following major categories: turbochargers, chain products, emissions systems, thermal systems, diesel cold start and gasoline ignition technology and diesel cabin heaters.
 
    The Engine Group provides turbochargers for light-vehicle, commercial-vehicle and off-road applications for diesel and gasoline engine manufacturers in Europe, North America, South America and Asia.  The Engine Group has greatly benefited from the growth in turbocharger demand in Europe.  This growth is linked to increasing demand for diesel engines in light vehicles which typically utilize turbochargers and for turbocharged gasoline engines.  Benefits of turbochargers in both light-vehicle and commercial-vehicle applications include increased power for a given engine size, improved fuel economy and significantly reduced emissions.
 
    Sales of turbochargers for light-vehicles represented approximately 21%, 18%, and 16% of the Company’s total revenues for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Company currently supplies light-vehicle turbochargers to many OEMs including Volkswagen, Renault, PSA, Daimler, Hyundai, Fiat and BMW.  The Company also supplies commercial-vehicle turbochargers to Caterpillar, John Deere, Daimler, International, Deutz and MAN.
 
 
4
 
    In 2005, the Company announced the start of production of its regulated two-stage turbocharging system known as R2S® for medium diesel truck applications.  The system provides continuously variable adaptation of the turbine and compressor side for every operating point of the engine The Company also announced it would supply turbochargers for VW/Audi’s 2.0 liter gasoline direct injection engine and for their first dual-charged 1.4 liter gasoline direct injection engine. In 2006, the Company launched a high temperature variable turbine geometry ("VTG™") for a Porsche 3.6 liter gasoline application, another R2S application for a Daimler light-truck called the Sprinter and a VTG for the Hyundai A-engine family. In 2007, the Company began supplying its R2S turbocharger technology combined with variable turbine geometry to International Engine Group’s PowerStroke 6.4-liter V8 diesel engine used in Ford’s F-Series heavy-duty pickup trucks.  Turbochargers are manufactured in facilities in Europe, North America, South America and Asia.
 
    The Engine Group designs and manufactures products to control emissions and improve fuel economy.  These products include electric air pumps, turbo actuators that use integrated electronics to precisely control turbocharger speed and pressure ratio, and exhaust gas recirculation valves for gasoline and diesel applications. The Engine Group also manufactures a wide variety of fluid pumps, including engine oil pumps for engine and transmission lubrication, and products for engine air intake management.  These products are provided from facilities in North America, Europe and Asia.
 
    The Engine Group’s chain and chain systems products include timing chain and timing drive systems, crankshaft and camshaft sprockets, tensioners, guides and snubbers, HY-VO® Front-Wheel Drive (“FWD”) transmission chain and Four-Wheel Drive (“4WD”) chain, and MORSE GEMINI® chain systems for light-vehicle and commercial-vehicle applications.
 
    The Company’s timing chain systems are used on Ford’s family of overhead cam engines, including the Duratech and Modular, and in-line 4 cylinder engines, as well as on Chrysler’s 2.7 liter, 3.7 liter and 4.7 liter, overhead cam engines, including the  5.7 liter and 6.1 liter Hemi applications. In addition, the Company provides timing systems to a number of Asian OEMs and their North American transplant operations, including Honda, Nissan, and Hyundai, and to several European OEMs. The Company believes that it is the world’s leading manufacturer of timing chain systems.

    The Engine Group has reached full production of its first high-volume variable cam timing (“VCT”) systems for a family of GM V6 engines. VCT is a means of precisely controlling the flow of air into and out of an engine by allowing the camshaft to be dynamically phased relative to its crankshaft. The Company’s VCT system includes Torsional Assist™ technology, which utilizes camshaft torque as its main actuation energy, instead of the conventional oil-pressure actuated approach. The VCT systems are utilized by GM’s 3.5 liter and 3.9 liter V-6 engines in the Saturn Aura, Chevrolet Impala and Pontiac G6.    HY-VO chain is used to transfer power from the engine to the drivetrain. The Company’s MORSE GEMINI chain system emits significantly less chain pitch frequency noise than conventional transmission chain systems. The chain in a transfer case distributes power between a vehicle’s front and rear output shafts which, in turn, provide torque to the front and rear wheels. The Company believes it is the world’s leading manufacturer of chain for FWD transmissions and 4WD transfer cases.  These products are provided from facilities in North America, Europe and Asia.

    The Engine Group believes it is a leading global provider of engine thermal solutions for truck, agricultural and off-highway applications.  The group designs, manufactures and markets viscous fan drives that control fans to sense and respond to multiple cooling requirements   The Engine Group also manufactures and markets polymer fans for engine cooling systems. The Company’s thermal products provide improved vehicle fuel economy and reduced engine emissions while minimizing parasitic horsepower loss. These advanced thermal systems products are provided from facilities in North America, South America, Europe and Asia. The Company has been awarded the "standard position" (the OEM-designated preferred supplier of component systems available to the end-customer) at the major global heavy truck producers.
  
    In 2005, the Company acquired approximately 69.4% of the outstanding shares of BERU Aktiengesellschaft (“BERU”), headquartered in Ludwigsburg, Germany. In 2007, the Company increased its ownership to approximately 82.2%. See Note 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Summary Annual Report. BERU’s operating results are included within the Company’s Engine Group segment. BERU is a leading global automotive supplier of diesel cold starting technology (glow plugs and instant starting systems); gasoline ignition
 
 
5
 
technology (spark plugs and ignition coils); and electronic control units and sensor technology (tire pressure sensors, diesel cabin heaters and selected sensors). BERU is represented in Europe, Asia and North America.
 
 Drivetrain 
 
    The Drivetrain Group leverages the Company’s expertise in wet friction clutches, mechanical coupling devices, and control systems, enabling efficient transmission of engine torque to the vehicle drivetrain, and management of torque distribution to the driven wheels. The Drivetrain Group’s major products are transmission components and systems, and 4WD and AWD torque management systems.
 
    The Drivetrain Group designs and manufactures automatic transmission components and modules in North America, Asia and Europe. The Company is a supplier to virtually every major automatic transmission manufacturer in the world for both conventional automatics and new dual-clutch transmissions.

“Shift quality” products are provided in four principal categories.  Dual-clutch transmission products include dual-clutch modules, torsional vibration dampers and mechatronic control modules.  Friction products include friction plates, transmission bands, torque converter clutches, and friction clutch modules.

One-way clutches and torsional vibration dampers are mechanical products.  The controls products line features electro-hydraulic solenoids, solenoid modules and high pressure solenoids for automated manual transmissions ("AMT"s).

The Company’s 50%-owned joint venture in Japan, NSK-Warner Kabushiki Kaisha ("NSK-Warner"), is a leading producer of friction plates and one-way clutches in Japan. NSK-Warner is also the joint venture partner with a 40% interest in the Drivetrain Group’s Korean subsidiary, BorgWarner Transmission Systems Korea, Inc.

The Company has led the globalization of today’s dual-clutch transmission technology for over ten years.  Following the development of its dual-clutch transmission technology in the 1990s, the Company established its industry-leading position in Europe in 2003 with the production launch of its award-winning DualTronic® innovations with VW/Audi.  In 2006, the Company was awarded the first dual-clutch program in China with SAIC.  In 2007, the Company announced its first North American program and launched its first dual-clutch technology application in a Japanese transmission with Nissan.
 
The Company has announced programs with customers that include VW, Audi, Bugatti, SAIC, Nissan, and Getrag dual-clutch transmission programs with five additional global automakers. In addition, the Company is working on over 20 programs with OEMs around the world.  BorgWarner DualTronic technology provides both better fuel-efficiency and a great driving experience, enabling a conventional, manual gearbox to function as a fully automatic transmission by eliminating the interruption that occurs when a manual transmission shifts gears.
 
In conventional automatic transmissions, there has been a global market trend from four and five speeds to six, seven, and even eight speed transmissions. Transmissions with more speeds improve fuel economy and vehicle performance and offer the Company growth opportunities. 

In 2006 the Drivetrain Group acquired the high-pressure solenoid product lines of Eaton Corporation. Among these solenoids are those used in AMTs. AMTs are a growing niche of the entry-level city-car and light commercial-vehicle segments in Europe and some Asian markets.  

           The Drivetrain Group's torque management products include rear-wheel drive (“RWD”)/all-wheel drive (“AWD”) transfer cases and systems, and front–wheel drive (“FWD”)/ all-wheel drive (“AWD”) electromagnetic couplings and systems to transfer torque within the drivetrain. The company’s focus is on electronically controlled (active) torque management devices and systems. Other torque management products include synchronizer rings and systems for application in manual, automated manual and dual clutch transmissions.

Transfer cases are installed primarily on light-trucks, sport-utility vehicles ("SUV"s), and rear-wheel drive based cross-over utility vehicles ("CUV"s) and passenger cars. A transfer case attaches to the transmission and distributes torque to the front and rear axles improving vehicle traction and stability in dynamic driving conditions. The Company pioneered the first active on-demand all-wheel drive system, Torque-on-Demand® (“TOD”) transfer case technology, revolutionizing the all-wheel drive market. On-demand systems created a
 
 
6
 
completely new genre of transfer cases, focusing on accurately managing torque and allowing vehicle driveline downsizing and efficiency gains. The TOD® transfer case has become an industry standard known around the world. Over five million TOD® transfer cases have been manufactured by the Company and used in vehicles produced by Ford, Isuzu, KIA, GM and SAIC (Ssangyong).  The latest product evolution within the TOD® transfer case family is the ITM® transfer case launched in 2007 on the all-new Cadillac CTS.

Sales of rear-wheel drive based transfer cases and components represented approximately 9%, 10% and 12% of the Company’s total revenues for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The Company supplies the majority of the transfer cases used by Ford, including those installed in the Ford Explorer, the Ford Expedition, the Ford F-150, Ranger pick-up trucks, the Mercury Mountaineer and the Lincoln Navigator. The Company also supplies transfer cases to a number of General Motors applications including the Hummer H2 and H3; the Cadillac Escalade, CTS, STS and SRX; and the GMC Yukon Denali. The Company began supplying transfer cases for the Audi Q7 in 2005 and to Great Wall Motor Company Limited, a leading light-truck and SUV manufacturer in China, in 2006. The Company also supplies transfer cases to several other Asia-based OEMs.

The Company is actively involved in the FWD, AWD market with the i-Trac™ series products developed for FWD based CUVs, SUVs, and passenger cars. The i-Trac series’ electromagnetic couplings use electronically controlled clutches to distribute power to the rear wheels instantaneously as traction is required. The Company has produced over 1 million i-Trac series products under the brand names of ITM I™ and T-Trac™ for vehicles produced by Hyundai, KIA, and Honda. A derivative of this electronically controlled clutch incorporating a third friction element, known as ITM 3e™, went into production on the 2006 Porsche 911 Turbo, Hyundai Santa Fe, Chrysler Pacifica, and all-new Dodge Journey.  NexTrac™ is the latest product innovation in the i-Trac™ series. It is an active on-demand all-wheel drive system that produces outstanding stability and traction while promoting better fuel economy through a more compact, lighter, and efficient package. In 2007, the Company was selected by Chery Automobile Company, in China, as the driveline system integrator for a new all-wheel drive SUV, which will feature the Company’s patented NexTrac technology along with the Company’s control systems. As a driveline integrator, the Company will specify system requirements and coordinate design and execution to provide a competitive edge in the marketplace.  Additional applications of NexTrac will launch in early 2008 on a top five CUV program with an Asian car manufacturer.

    The Company’s drivetrain products are manufactured in North America, Europe and Asia.
  
Joint Ventures 
 
    As of December 31, 2007, the Company had 12 joint ventures in which it had a less-than-100% ownership interest. Results from the seven ventures in which the Company is the majority owner are consolidated as part of the Company’s results. Results from the five ventures in which the Company’s effective ownership interest is 50% or less, were reported by the Company using the equity method of accounting.
   
    Management of the unconsolidated joint ventures is shared with the Company’s respective joint venture partners. Certain information concerning the Company’s joint ventures is set forth below:
 
 
Joint Venture
  
Products
  
Year Organized
    
Percentage Owned by the Company (a)
    
Location of Operation
  
Joint Venture Partner
  
Fiscal 2007 Sales ($ in millions) (b)
  
                                     
Unconsolidated:
                                    
NSK-Warner K.K.
  
Transmission components
    
1964
      
50
%
  
Japan
  
Nippon Seiko K.K.
  
$
552.1
  
Turbo Energy Limited(c)
  
Turbochargers
    
1987
      
32.6
%
  
India
  
Sundaram Finance Limited; Brakes India Limited
  
$
117.6
  
Impco-BERU Technologies B.V.
  
Alternative Drive Systems and equipment for gas engines
    
1999
      
49
%
  
Netherlands
  
Impco Technologies Inc.
  
$
27.6
  
                                     
BERU Diesel Start Systems Pvt. Ltd.
  
Glow Plugs
    
1996
      
49
%
  
India
  
Jayant Dave
  
$
3.8
  
BERU-Eichenauer GmbH
  
Sub-systems for diesel cabin heaters
    
2000
      
50
%
  
Germany
  
Fritz Eichenauer GmbH & Co. KG
  
$
18.9
  
                                     
Consolidated:
                                    
BorgWarner Transmission Systems Korea, Inc.
  
Transmission components
    
1987
      
60
%(d)
  
Korea
  
NSK-Warner K.K.
  
$
140.1
  
Divgi-Warner Pvt. Ltd.
  
Transfer cases and automatic locking hubs
    
1995
      
60
%
  
India
  
Divgi Metalwares, Ltd.
  
$
20.0
  
Borg-Warner Shenglong (Ningbo) Co. Ltd.
  
Fans, fan drives
    
1999
      
70
%
  
China
  
Ningbo Shenglong Group Co., Ltd.
  
$
22.9
  
BorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems Beijing Co. Ltd.
  
Transfer cases
    
2000
      
80
%
  
China
  
 Beijing Automotive Industry Corporation
  
$
28.9
  
BorgWarner Morse TEC Murugappa Pvt. Ltd
  
Chain products and engine timing system components
    
2002
      
74
%
  
India
  
 TI Diamond Chain Ltd.
  
$
6.5
  
                                     
SeohanWarner TurboSystems Ltd.
  
Turbochargers
    
2003
      
71
%
  
Korea
  
 Korea Flange Company
  
$
47.5
  
BERU Korea Co. Ltd.
  
Ignition coils and pumps
    
2001
      
51
%
  
Korea
  
 Mr. K.B. Mo and Mr. D.H. Kim
  
$
38.6
  
                                     
 
 
7
 
 
   
(a) 
The Company owns 82.2% of the outstanding shares of BERU. For the joint ventures in which BERU is a party, the percentage of ownership for each joint venture reflects BERU’s ownership percentage.

(b)
  
All sales figures are for the year ended December 31, 2007, except for NSK-Warner and Turbo Energy Limited. NSK-Warner’s sales are reported for the 12 months ended November 30, 2007. Turbo Energy Limited’s sales are reported for the 12 months ended September 30, 2007.
     
(c)
  
The Company made purchases from Turbo Energy Limited totaling $25.3 million, $25.1 million and $18.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006, and 2005, respectively.
     
(d)
  
BorgWarner Inc. owns 50% of NSK-Warner, which has a 40% interest in BorgWarner Transmission Systems Korea, Inc. This gives the Company an additional indirect effective ownership percentage of 20%. This results in a total effective ownership interest of 80%.
 
Financial Information About Geographic Areas 
 
    See Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Summary Annual Report for financial information about geographic areas, which is incorporated herein by reference.
 
    Approximately 66% of the Company’s consolidated sales for 2007 was outside the United States, including exports. However, a portion of such sales was to OEMs headquartered outside the United States that produce vehicles that are, in turn, exported to the United States.
 
Customers 
 
    Approximately 73% of the Company’s total sales in 2007 was for light-vehicle applications, with the remaining 27% of the Company’s sales to a diversified group of commercial truck, bus, construction and agricultural vehicle manufacturers, and to distributors of aftermarket replacement parts.
 
    For the most recent three-year period, the Company’s worldwide sales to the following customers were approximately as follows:
                         
Customer
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
                   
         Volkswagen
    
15%
      
13%
      
13%
  
         Ford
    
12%
      
13%
      
16%
  
         Daimler
    
6%
      
11%
      
12%
  
 
    Daimler divested Chrysler in 2007.   No other single customer accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated sales in any year of the periods presented.
 
 
8
 
    The Company’s automotive products are generally sold directly to OEMs substantially pursuant to negotiated annual contracts, long-term supply agreements or terms and conditions as may be modified by the parties. Deliveries are subject to periodic authorizations based upon the production schedules of the OEMs. The Company typically ships its products directly from its plants to the OEMs.
 
Sales and Marketing 
 
    Each of the Company’s business units within its two reporting segments has its own sales function. Account executives for each of our business units are assigned to serve specific OEM customers for one or more of a business unit’s products. Our account executives spend the majority of their time in direct contact with OEM purchasing and engineering employees and are responsible for servicing existing business and for identifying and obtaining new business.  Because of their close relationship with OEMs, account executives are able to identify and meet customers’ needs based upon their knowledge of our customer’s needs and our products and design and manufacturing capabilities. Upon securing a new order, account executives participate in product launch team activities and serve as a key interface with the customers.
 
    In addition, the sales and marketing employees of our Engine segment and Drivetrain segment often work together to explore cross-development opportunities for the business units. The development of DualTronic, the Company’s wet-clutch and control-system technology for a new-concept automated transmission, is an example of a successful collaboration.
 
Seasonality 
 
    The Company’s business is moderately seasonal because the Company’s largest North American customers typically halt vehicle production for approximately two weeks in July and one week in December. Additionally, customers in Europe and Asia typically shut down vehicle production during portions of July or August and one week in the fourth quarter. Accordingly, the Company’s third and fourth quarters may reflect those practices.
 
Research and Development 
 
    The Company conducts advanced engine and drivetrain research at the segment level. This advanced engineering function looks to leverage electronics and the Company’s expertise across product lines to create new engine and drivetrain systems and modules that can be commercialized. A venture capital fund that was created by the Company as seed money for new innovation and collaboration across businesses is managed by this function.
  
    In addition, each of the Company’s operating segments has its own research and development (“R&D”) organization. The Company has approximately 800 employees, including engineers, mechanics and technicians, engaged in R&D activities at facilities worldwide. The Company also operates testing facilities such as prototype, measurement and calibration, life cycle testing and dynamometer laboratories.
 
    By working closely with the OEMs and anticipating their future product needs, the Company’s R&D personnel conceive, design, develop and manufacture new proprietary automotive components and systems. R&D personnel also work to improve current products and production processes. The Company believes its commitment to R&D will allow it to obtain new orders from its OEM customers.
 
    The following table presents the Company's gross and net expenditures on R&D activities: 
 
millions of dollars
Year Ended December 31,
    
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
 Gross R&D expenditures
  
$
246.7
  
$
219.5
  
$
194.3
  
 Customer reimbursements
    
( 35.9
)
  
(31.8
)
  
(33.3
)
 Net R&D expenditures
  
$
210.8
  
$
187.7
  
$
161.0
  
 
 
9
 
    The Company's net R&D expenditures are included in the selling, general, and administrative expenses of the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  Customer reimbursements are netted against gross R&D expenditures upon billing of services performed.  The Company has contracts with several customers at the Company's various R&D locations.  No such contract exceeded $6.0 million in any of the years presented.
 
Patents and Licenses 
 
    The Company has approximately 3,800 active domestic and foreign patents and patent applications pending or under preparation, and receives royalties from licensing patent rights to others. While it considers its patents on the whole to be important, the Company does not consider any single patent, any group of related patents or any single license essential to its operations in the aggregate or to the operations of any of the Company’s business groups individually. The expiration of the patents individually and in the aggregate is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position or future operating results. The Company owns numerous trademarks, some of which are valuable, but none of which are essential to its business in the aggregate.
 
    The Company owns the “BorgWarner” and “Borg-Warner Automotive” trade names and housemarks, and variations thereof, which are material to the Company’s business.  

Competition 
 
    The Company’s operating segments compete worldwide with a number of other manufacturers and distributors which produce and sell similar products. Many of these competitors are larger and have greater resources than the Company. Price, quality, delivery, technological innovation, application engineering development and program launch support are the primary elements of competition.
 
    The Company’s major competitors by product type follow:
 
Product Type: Engine
Name of Competitor
   
         Turbochargers:
Honeywell
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI)
IHI
         Chains:
Tsubaki Group
Iwis
Schaeffler Group
         Emissions products:
Pierburg
Valeo
Bosch
         Thermal products:
Behr
Horton/Sachs 
Usui
         Diesel cold start technology:
Bosch
NGK
   
Product Type: Drivetrain
Name of Competitor
   
         Torque transfer products:
Magna
JTEKT
GKN
         Transmission products:
Dynax
Schaeffler Group
Bosch
Denso
 
    In addition, a number of the Company’s major OEM customers manufacture, for their own use and for others, products which compete with the Company’s products. Although these OEM customers have indicated that they will continue to rely on outside suppliers, the OEMs could elect to manufacture products to meet their own requirements or to compete with the Company. There can be no assurance that the Company’s business will not be adversely affected by increased competition in the markets in which it operates.
 
 
10
 
    For many of its products, the Company’s competitors include suppliers in other parts of the world that enjoy economic advantages such as lower labor costs, lower health care costs and, in some cases, export subsidies and/or raw materials subsidies. See also Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Employees 
 
    As of December 31, 2007, the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries had approximately 17,700 salaried and hourly employees (as compared with approximately 17,400 employees at December 31, 2006), of which approximately 6,700 were U.S. employees.  Approximately 25% of the Company’s U.S. workforce is unionized. The hourly employees at certain of our international facilities are also unionized. The Company believes its present relations with employees to be satisfactory.

    Our two most significant domestic collective bargaining agreements are for our Muncie, Indiana plant and our Ithaca and Cortland, New York  facilities. The Muncie agreement expires in April 2009.  Workers at the New York facilities elected a new union in December 2007.  It is expected that both parties will bargain in good faith beginning in the first quarter of 2008.  It is our expectation that an agreement will be reached, though no assurances can be given.
 
Raw Materials 
 
    Continuing a trend which began in 2004, several raw materials used in the Company’s products hit record pricing levels in 2007, including steel, copper, resins, nickel and certain alloying elements. This was due to a host of supply and demand factors.
 
    Despite these challenges, the Company used a variety of tactics in order to limit the impact of inflationary prices and supply shortages. The Company formed a global procurement organization to accelerate: cost reductions, purchases from lower cost regions, risk mitigation efforts, and collaborative buying activities. In addition, the Company used long-term contracts, cost sharing arrangements, design changes, customer buy programs, and hedging instruments to help control costs. The Company intends to use similar measures in 2008 and beyond.  See Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Summary Annual Report.
 
    For 2008, the Company believes that its supplies of raw materials and energy are adequate and available from multiple sources to support its manufacturing requirements. Manufacturing operations for each of the Company’s operating segments are dependent upon natural gas, fuel oil, and electricity.

 Environmental Regulation and Proceedings 
 
    The Company and certain of its current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, subsidiaries and divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and certain state environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties ("PRPs") at various hazardous waste disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act ("Superfund") and equivalent state laws and, as such, may presently be liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 34 such sites.  Responsibility for clean-up and other remedial activities at a Superfund site is typically shared among PRPs based on an allocation formula.
 
    The Company believes that none of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.  Generally, this is because either the estimates of the maximum potential liability at a site are not large or the liability will be shared with other PRPs, although no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of any such matter.
 
    Based on information available to the Company (which in most cases includes: an estimate of allocation of liability among PRPs; the probability that other PRPs, many of whom are large, solvent public companies, will fully pay the cost apportioned to them; currently available information from PRPs and/or federal or state environmental agencies concerning the scope of contamination and estimated remediation and consulting costs; remediation alternatives; and estimated legal fees), the Company has established an accrual for indicated environmental liabilities with a balance at December 31, 2007 of $14.5 million.  Excluding the Crystal Springs site discussed below for which $4.9 million has been accrued, the Company has accrued amounts that do not
 
 
11
 
exceed $3.0 million related to any individual site and management does not believe that the costs related to any of these other individual sites will have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.  The Company expects to pay out substantially all of the amounts accrued for environmental liability over the next three to five years.
 
    In connection with the sale of Kuhlman Electric Corporation, the Company agreed to indemnify the buyer and Kuhlman Electric for certain environmental liabilities then unknown to the Company relating to certain operations of Kuhlman Electric that  pre-date the Company's 1999 acquisition of Kuhlman Electric.  During 2000, Kuhlman Electric notified the Company that it discovered potential environmental contamination at its Crystal Springs, Mississippi plant while undertaking an expansion of the plant.  The Company is continuing to work with the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality and Kuhlman Electric to investigate and remediate to the extent necessary, historical contamination at the plant and surrounding area.  Kuhlman Electric and others, including the Company, were sued in numerous related lawsuits, in which multiple claimants alleged personal injury and property damage.  In 2005, the Company and other defendants entered into settlements that resolved approximately 99% of the then known personal injury and property damage claims relating to the alleged environmental contamination.  Those settlements involved payments by the Company of $28.5 million in the second half of 2005 and $15.7 million in the first quarter of 2006, in exchange for, among other things, the dismissal with prejudice of these lawsuits.
 
    In December 2007, a lawsuit was filed against Kuhlman Electric and others, including the Company, on behalf of approximately 209 plaintiffs, alleging personal injury relating to alleged environmental contamination.  Given the early stage of the litigation, the Company cannot make any prediction as to the outcome but its current intention is to vigorously defend against the suit.    
 
Available Information 
 
    Through its Internet website (www.borgwarner.com), the Company makes available, free of charge, its Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, all amendments to those reports, and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed or furnished. The Company also makes the following documents available on its Internet website: the Audit Committee Charter; the Compensation Committee Charter; the Corporate Governance Committee Charter; the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines; the Company’s Code of Ethical Conduct; and the Company’s Code of Ethics for CEO and Senior Financial Officers. You may also obtain a copy of any of the foregoing documents, free of charge, if you submit a written request to Mary Brevard, Vice President, Investor Relations, 3850 Hamlin Road, Auburn Hills, Michigan 48326.
 
Executive Officers of the Registrant 
 
    Set forth below are the names, ages, positions and certain other information concerning the executive officers of the Company as of February 14, 2008.
 
Name
Age
Position With Company
     
         Timothy M. Manganello
  
58
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
         Robin J. Adams
  
54
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer
         Angela J. D’Aversa
  
61
Vice President, Human Resources
   John J. Gasparovic
  
50
Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary
         Anthony D. Hensel
  
49
Vice President and Treasurer
         Bernd W. Matthes
  
47
Vice President
         Cynthia A. Niekamp
  
48
Vice President
         Jeffrey L. Obermayer
  
52
Vice President and Controller
         Alfred Weber
  
50
Vice President
         Roger J. Wood
  
45
Vice President
   
 
12
 
    Mr. Manganello has been Chairman of the Board since June 2003 and Chief Executive Officer since February 2003. He was also President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company from February 2002 until February 2003. He was Executive Vice President from June 2001 until February 2002. He was Vice President of the Company from February 1999 to June 2001 and President and General Manager of BorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems Inc. (“TorqTransfer Systems”) from February 1999 until February 2002.
 
    Mr. Adams has been Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer since April 2004 and was elected to the Board of Directors in April 2005. He was Executive Vice President — Finance and Chief Financial Officer of American Axle & Manufacturing Holdings Inc. (“American Axle”) from July 1999 until April 2004. Prior to joining American Axle, he was Vice President and Treasurer and principal financial officer of BorgWarner from May 1993 until June 1999.
    
    Ms. D’Aversa has been Vice President, Human Resources of the Company since October 2004. She was Acting Vice President, Human Resources from April 2004 until September 2004 and Senior Director, Management and Organization Development from April 2004 until September 2004. She was Director Management & Organization Development from January 1995 until March 2004.     
  
    Mr. Gasparovic has been Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of the Company since January 2007.  After working as a private investor from January 2004 until January 2005, he was Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Federal-Mogul Corporation from February 2005 until December 2006.   From February 2003 until December 2003, he was Executive Vice President, General Counsel, Corporate Secretary and Chief Compliance Officer and from May 2000 until January 2003 he was Vice President , General Counsel (and Secretary since January 2001) of Roadway Corporation.
 
    Mr. Hensel has been Vice President of the Company since July 2002 and Treasurer since December 2004. He was Vice President, Business Development of the Company from July 2002 until December 2004. He was Vice President, Finance of BorgWarner Morse TEC Inc. from July 1999 to June 2002.  
  
    Dr. Matthes has been Vice President of the Company and President and General Manager of BorgWarner Transmission Systems Inc. (“Transmission Systems”) since July 2005. He was General Manager, Operations Europe for Transmission Systems from August 2004 to July 2005. He was Vice President — Operations Europe for Transmission Systems from January 2003 to August 2004. He was Managing Director for Transmission Systems Europe from December 2002 to January 2003. He was General Manager, DualTronicTM from November 2000 to July 2005.  
     
    Ms. Niekamp has been Vice President of the Company and President and General Manager of TorqTransfer Systems since July 2004. She was Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Mead Westvaco Corporation ("Mead") from April 2003 until March 2004. She was Senior Vice President, Strategy & Specialty Operations of Mead from February 2002 until April 2003. She was President and General Manager of the Mead Specialty Paper Division from July 1998 until January 2002.
   
    Mr. Obermayer has been Vice President of the Company since December 1999 and Controller since December 2004. He was Vice President and Treasurer of the Company from December 1999 until December 2004.     
  
     Mr. Weber has been Vice President of the Company since July 2002. He has been President and General Manager of BorgWarner Morse TEC Inc. (“Morse TEC”) since August 2005 and BorgWarner Thermal Systems Inc. since January 2003. He was President and General Manager of BorgWarner Emissions Systems Inc. from July 2002 until July 2005. He was Vice President, Passenger Car Operations, BorgWarner Turbo Systems Inc. from January 1999 to June 2002.
  
    Mr. Wood has been Vice President of the Company since January 2001 and President of BorgWarner Turbo Systems Inc. and BorgWarner Emissions Systems Inc. since August 2005. He was President and General Manager of Morse TEC from January 2001 until July 2005.
 
 
13
 
 
Our industry is cyclical and our results of operations will be adversely affected by industry downturns.

Automotive and truck production and sales are cyclical and sensitive to general economic conditions and other factors. Significant reduction in automotive or truck production would have a material adverse effect on our sales to original equipment manufacturers and our financial position, operating results and cash flows.

We are dependent on sport-utility vehicle and light-truck market segments and are affected by decreasing demand in those segments.
 
Some of our products, in particular four-wheel drive transfer cases, are currently used in four-wheel drive systems primarily for sport-utility vehicles and light-trucks.  Any significant reduction in production in this market segment or loss of business in this market segment could have a material adverse effect on our sales to original equipment manufacturers and our financial position, operating results and cash flows.

We face strong competition.

We compete worldwide with a number of other manufacturers and distributors that produce and sell products similar to ours. Price, quality and technological innovation are the primary elements of competition. Our competitors include vertically integrated units of our major original equipment manufacturer customers, as well as a large number of independent domestic and international suppliers. We are not as large as a number of these companies and do not have as many financial or other resources. The competitive environment has changed dramatically over the past few years as our traditional U.S. original equipment manufacturer customers, faced with intense international competition, have expanded their worldwide sourcing of components. As a result, we have experienced competition from suppliers in other parts of the world that enjoy economic advantages, such as lower labor costs, lower health care costs and, in some cases, export or raw materials subsidies. Increased competition could adversely affect our businesses.

We are under substantial pressure from original equipment manufacturers to reduce the prices of our products.

There is substantial and continuing pressure on original equipment manufacturers to reduce costs, including costs of products we supply. Although original equipment manufacturers have indicated that they will continue to rely on outside suppliers, a number of our major original equipment manufacturer customers manufacture products for their own uses that directly compete with our products. These original equipment manufacturers could elect to manufacture such products for their own uses in place of the products we currently supply. We believe that our ability to develop proprietary new products and to control our costs will allow us to remain competitive. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to improve or maintain our gross margins on product sales to original equipment manufacturers or that the recent trend by original equipment manufacturers towards increased outsourcing will continue.

Annual price reductions to original equipment manufacturer customers appear to have become a permanent feature of our business environment. In 2007, the combination of price reductions to customers and cost increases for material, labor and overhead, totaled approximately $136 million. To maintain our profit margins, we seek price reductions from our suppliers, improve production processes to increase manufacturing efficiency, update product designs to reduce costs and develop new products, the benefits of which support stable or increased prices. Our ability to pass through increased raw material costs to our original equipment manufacturer customers is limited, with cost recovery less than 100% and often on a delayed basis. We cannot assure you that we will be able to reduce costs in an amount equal to annual price reductions and increases in raw material costs.
 
 
14
 
We are sensitive to the effects of our major customers’ labor relations.
 
All three of our primary North American customers, Ford, Chrysler and General Motors, have major union contracts with the United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement Workers of America. Because of domestic original equipment manufacturers’ dependence on a single union, we are affected by labor difficulties and work stoppages at original equipment manufacturers’ facilities. Similarly, a majority of our global customers’ operations outside of North America are also represented by various unions. Any extended work stoppage could have an adverse effect on our financial position, operating results and cash flows.

Part of our labor force is unionized.

As of December 31, 2007, approximately 25% of our U.S. workforce was unionized. Our two most significant domestic collective bargaining agreements are for our Muncie, Indiana plant and our Ithaca and Cortland, New York  facilities. The Muncie agreement expires in April 2009.  Workers at the New York facilities elected a new union in December 2007.  It is expected that both parties will bargain in good faith beginning in the first quarter 2008.  It is our expectation that an agreement will be reached though no assurances can be given.  The hourly employees at certain of our international facilities are also unionized. While we believe that our relations with our employees are satisfactory, a prolonged dispute with our employees could have an adverse effect on our financial position, operating results and cash flows.

We are subject to extensive environmental regulations.

Our operations are subject to laws governing, among other things, emissions to air, discharges to waters and the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste and other materials. We believe that our business, operations and activities have been and are being operated in compliance in all material respects with applicable environmental and health and safety laws. However, the operation of automotive parts manufacturing plants entails risks in these areas, and we cannot assure you that we will not incur material costs or liabilities as a result. Furthermore, through various acquisitions over the years, we have acquired a number of manufacturing facilities, and we cannot assure you that we will not incur materials costs and liabilities relating to activities that predate our ownership. In addition, potentially significant expenditures could be required in order to comply with evolving environmental and health and safety laws that may be adopted in the future.

We believe that the overall impact of compliance with regulations and legislation protecting the environment will not have a material adverse effect on our future financial position, operating results and cash flows, but we cannot assure you that this will always be the case. Capital expenditures and expenses in 2007 attributable to compliance with environmental laws were not material.

We have contingent liabilities related to environmental, product warranties, regulatory matters, litigation and other claims.

We and certain of our current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, subsidiaries and divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and certain state environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties at various hazardous waste disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and equivalent state laws. As a result, as of December 31, 2007, we may be liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 34 of these sites.

We work with outside experts to determine a range of potential liability for environmental sites.  The ranges for each individual site are then aggregated into a loss range for the total accrued liability.  Management's estimate of the loss range for 2007 is between $14.4 million and $25.1 million.  We record an accrual at the most probable amount within the range unless one cannot be determined; in which case we record the accrual at the low end of the range.  Based on information available to us, we have established an accrual in our financial statements for indicated environmental liabilities, including our conditional asset retirement obligation under FIN 47, with a total balance of $15.5 million at December 31, 2007. We currently expect the substantial portion of this amount to be expended over the next three to five years.

 
15
 
We believe that none of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our future financial position or operating results, either because estimates of the maximum potential liability at a site are not large or because liability will be shared with other potentially responsible parties. However, we cannot assure you of the ultimate outcome.

We provide warranties to our customers for some of our products. Under these warranties, we may be required to bear costs and expenses for the repair or replacement of these products. We cannot assure you that costs and expenses associated with these product warranties will not be material, or that those costs will not exceed any amounts accrued for such warranties in our financial statement.

Based upon information available to us, we have established an accrual in our financial statements for product warranties of $70.1 million at December 31, 2007.

We are also party to, or have an obligation to defend a party to, various legal proceedings, including those described in Note 14 to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company's Summary Annual Report. Although we believe that none of these matters is likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or future operating results, there can be no assurance as to the ultimate outcome of any such matter or proceeding.

Our growth strategy may prove unsuccessful.

We have a stated goal of increasing revenues and operating revenues at a rate greater than global vehicle production by increasing content per vehicle with innovative new components and through select acquisitions. We may not meet our goal because of any of the following: (a) the failure to develop new products which will be purchased by our customers; (b) technology changes rendering our products obsolete; (c) a reversal of the trend of supplying systems (which allows us to increase content per vehicle) instead of components; and (d) the failure to find suitable acquisition targets or the failure to integrate operations of acquired businesses quickly and cost effectively.

We are subject to risks related to our international operations.

We have manufacturing and technical facilities in many regions and countries, including North America, Europe, China, India, South Korea, Japan, and Brazil and sell our products worldwide. For 2007, approximately 66% of our sales were outside North America. Consequently, our results could be affected by changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies, trade restrictions or prohibitions, import or other charges or taxes, and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, changing economic conditions, and political instability and disputes. See Note 20 to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company's Summary Annual Report.

We may not realize sales represented by awarded business.

We base our growth projections, in part, on commitments made by our customers. These commitments generally renew yearly during a program life cycle. If actual production orders from our customers do not approximate such commitments, it could adversely affect on our growth and financial performance.

We are impacted by the rising cost of providing pension and other post employment benefits.

    The automotive industry, like other industries, continues to be impacted by the rising cost of providing pension and other post employment benefits. To partially address this impact, we announced adjustments to certain retiree medical and pension plans to be effective January 1, 2009.  See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company's Summary Annual Report.  
  
Certain defined benefit pension plans we sponsor are currently underfunded.

We sponsor certain defined benefit pension plans worldwide that are underfunded and will require cash payments. Additionally, if the performance of the assets in our pension plans does not meet our expectations, or if other actuarial assumptions are modified, our required contributions may be higher than we expect.  See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company's Summary Annual Report.
 
 
16
 
Negative or unexpected tax consequences could adversely affect our results of operations.

Adverse changes in the underlying profitability and financial outlook of our operations in several jurisdictions could lead to changes in our valuation allowances against deferred tax assets and other tax accruals that could adversely affect our financial performance.

Additionally, we are subject to tax audits by governmental authorities in the U.S. and numerous non-U.S. jurisdictions.  Because the results of tax audits are inherently uncertain, negative or unexpected results from one or more such tax audits could adversely affect our financial performance.

We rely on sales to major customers.
 
     Our worldwide sales in 2007 to Volkswagen and Ford  constituted approximately 15% and 12%, respectively, of our 2007 consolidated sales.  Credit rating agencies rate one of these customers below investment grade.  No other single customer accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated sales in 2007.  The loss of a major customer could adversely affect our financial performance.
     
Economic distress of suppliers could result in disruption of our operations and have a material effect on our business.
 
    Some automotive parts suppliers continue to experience cost pressures and the effects of industry overcapacity.  These factors have increased pressure on the industry's supply base, as suppliers cope with higher commodity costs, lower production volumes and other challenges.  The Company receives certain of its raw materials from sole suppliers or a limited number of suppliers.  The inability of a supplier to fulfill supply requirements of the Company could adversely affect our future financial performance.

Increase in the cost of raw materials could harm our business.

We use various raw materials in our business such as nickel, aluminum, magnesium, copper, plastic resins, molybdenum and others.  The prices for these raw materials fluctuate depending on market conditions.  In recent years, we have experienced increases in freight charges and energy costs as well.  Substantial changes in these prices affect our operating costs, and to the extent they cannot be recouped through price increases to our customers, could reduce our profitability. 
  
   
    The Company has received no written comments regarding its periodic or current reports from the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission that were issued 180 days or more preceding the end of its 2007 fiscal year and that remain unresolved.  

 
    As of December 31, 2007, the Company had 64 manufacturing, assembly, and technical locations worldwide. In addition to its 15 U.S. manufacturing locations, the Company has 10 locations in Germany, five locations in each of India and Korea, three locations in each of the United Kingdom, France and China, two locations in each of Japan, Mexico, Hungary, and Italy, and one location in each of Brazil, Canada, Ireland, Monaco, Spain, and Taiwan. The Company also has several sales offices, warehouses and technical centers. The Company’s worldwide headquarters are located in a leased facility in Auburn Hills, Michigan. In 2002, the Company completed construction of the BorgWarner Powertrain Technical Center (the “PTC”) in Auburn Hills, Michigan, which serves as a primary research and development facility and contains many of the administrative personnel for the Engine and Drivetrain segments. There are approximately 500 employees located at the PTC. In general, the Company believes its facilities to be suitable and adequate to meet its current and reasonably anticipated needs. The majority of the locations are operating at normal levels based on capacity.
 
 
17
 
    The following is additional information concerning the principal manufacturing, assembly, and technical facilities operated by the Company, its subsidiaries, and affiliates.(1)
 
ENGINE 
         
Americas:
  
Europe:
  
Asia:
          Asheville, North Carolina
  
  Arcore, Italy
  
  Aoyama, Japan
          Auburn Hills, Michigan
  
  Biassano, Italy (2)
  
  Changwon, South Korea (2)
          Cadillac, Michigan
  
  Bradford, England
  
  Chennai, India
          Campinas, Brazil
  
  Bretten, Germany
  
  Chennai, India
          Civac-Juitepec, Mexico (2)
  
  Chazelles, France
  
  Chungju-City, South Korea
          Cortland, New York
  
  Diss, England
  
  Kakkalur, India
          Dixon, Illinois
  
  Kandel, Germany (2)
  
  Nabari City, Japan
          Fletcher, North Carolina
  
  Kirchheimbolanden, Germany
  
  Ningbo, China
          Guadalajara, Mexico
  
  La Ferte Mace, France
  
  Ningbo, China
          Ithaca, New York
  
  Ludwigsburg, Germany
  
  Pune, India
          Marshall, Michigan
  
  Markdorf, Germany
  
  Pyongtaek, South Korea (2)
          Sallisaw, Oklahoma
  
  Muggendorf, Germany
  
  Shihung-City, South Korea
          Simcoe, Ontario, Canada
  
  Neuhaus, Germany
  
  Tainan Shien, Taiwan
         
  
  Oroszlany, Hungary
    
   
  Tiszakecske, Hungary
    
   
  Tralee, Ireland
    
   
  Vitoria, Spain
    
 
 
 
DRIVETRAIN 
         
Americas:
  
Europe:
  
Asia:
         Auburn Hills, Michigan
  
  Arnstadt, Germany
  
  Beijing, China
         Bellwood, Illinois
  
  Heidelberg, Germany
  
  Eumsung, South Korea
         Frankfort, Illinois
  
  Ketsch, Germany
  
  Fukuroi City, Japan
         Livonia, Michigan
  
  Margam, Wales
  
  Ningbo, China
         Longview, Texas
  
  Principality of Monaco
  
  Ochang, South Korea (2)
         Muncie, Indiana (3)
  
  Tulle, France
  
  Pune, India
         Seneca, South Carolina
      
  Shanghai, China
  Water Valley, Mississippi
      
  Sirsi, India
   
(1) 
The table excludes joint ventures owned less than 50% and administrative offices in Auburn Hills, Michigan USA and Shanghai, China.
   
(2) 
Indicates a leased facility.
   
(3) 
Announced closure plans for 2009.
 

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings
 
    The Company is subject to a number of claims and judicial and administrative proceedings (some of which involve substantial amounts) arising out of the Company’s business or relating to matters for which the Company may have a contractual indemnity obligation. See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Summary Annual Report for a discussion of environmental, asbestos and other litigation, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  
 
18
 
    A declaratory judgment action was filed by a subsidiary of the Company, BorgWarner Diversified Transmission Products Inc. (“DTP”), in January 2006 in the United Stated District Court, Southern District of Indiana, Indianapolis Division, against the United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implements Workers of America, Local No. 287 and Gerald Poor, individually and as the representative of a defendant class. DTP is seeking the Court’s affirmation that DTP did not violate the Labor-Management Relations Act or the Employee Retirement Income Security Act by amending certain retirees’ medical plans, effective March 12, 2006. DTP believes that it is within its rights to amend the plan and that it will be successful on the merits of the lawsuit, although there can be no guarantee of success in any litigation.
 
  
    There were no matters submitted to the Company’s security holders during the fourth quarter of 2007.
 
 
 
    The Company’s Common Stock is listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol BWA. As of February 11, 2008, there were 2,546 holders of record of Common Stock.
 
    The Company has increased its dividend during each of the last four years.  Cash dividends declared and paid per share, adjusted for stock splits in 2004 and 2007, were as follows:

 
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
Dividend Amount
$0.34
$0.32
$0.28
$0.25
$0.18

 
    While the Company currently expects that comparable quarterly cash dividends will continue to be paid in the future, the dividend policy is subject to review and change at the discretion of the Board of Directors.    

    High and low sales prices* (as reported on the New York Stock Exchange composite tape) for the Common Stock for each quarter in 2006 and 2007 were:

Quarter Ended
  
High
    
Low
  
             
         March 31, 2006
  
$
30.89
    
$
26.61
  
         June 30, 2006
  
$
33.74
    
$
29.24
  
         September 30, 2006
  
$
32.68
    
$
25.23
  
         December 31, 2006
  
$
30.79
    
$
27.92
  
         March 31, 2007
  
$
39.31
    
$
29.02
  
         June 30, 2007
  
$
43.43
    
$
36.63
  
         September 30, 2007
  
$
48.08
    
$
37.73
  
         December 31, 2007
  
$
53.00
    
$
46.11
  

*All amounts have been restated, per the 2-for-1 stock split that was effected through a stock dividend on December 17, 2007. 

 
19
 
Repurchases of Equity Securities

The Company’s Board of Directors previously authorized the purchase of up to 4.8 million shares (adjusted for the company’s 2007 two-for-one stock split) of the Company’s common stock.  As of December 31, 2007, the Company has repurchased 3,958,320 shares.

All shares purchased under this authorization have been and will continue to be repurchased in the open market at prevailing prices and at times the amounts to be determined by management as market conditions and the Company’s capital position warrant.  The Company may use Rule 10b5-1 plans to facilitate share repurchases.  Repurchased shares will be deemed treasury shares and may subsequently be reissued for general corporate purposes.

The following table provides information about Company purchases of its equity securities that are registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act during the quarter ended December 31, 2007, at a total cost of $9.2 million:


ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Period
 
 
  
Total Number
of Shares
 Purchased
  
Average Price
Paid per
Share
  
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or Programs
  
Maximum Number of Shares
that May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or Programs
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
(Dollars in Thousands)
Month Ended October 31, 2007
  
80,000
  
$
48.04
  
80,000
  
$
954,280
Month Ended November 30, 2007
  
112,600
  
  
47.93
  
112,600
  
  
841,680
Month Ended December 31, 2007
  
-
  
  
-
  
-
  
  
841,680
Total for the quarter
  
192,600
  
$
47.98
  
192,600
  
$
841,680
Note: all purchases were made on the open market.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

As of December 31, 2007, the number of stock options outstanding under our equity compensation plans, the weighted average exercise price of outstanding options, and the number of securities remaining available for issuance were as follows:
 

 
               
Number of Securities
  
               
Remaining Available
  
   
Number of Securities
          
for Future Issuance
  
   
to be Issued Upon
    
Weighted-Average
    
Under Equity
  
   
Exercise of
    
Exercise Price of
    
Compensation Plans
  
   
Outstanding Options,
    
Outstanding Options,
    
(excluding securities
  
Plan Category
  
Warrants and Rights
    
Warrants and Rights
    
Reflected in column (a))
  
   
(a)
    
(b)
    
(c)
  
                         
        Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
    
6,330,612
    
$
27.75
      
2,786,978
  
        Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
    
0
      
0
      
0
  
                       
 
        Total
    
6,330,612
    
$
27.75
      
2,786,978
  
 

 
    See Selected Financial Data for the five years ended December 31, 2007 in Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Summary Report. See the material incorporated herein by reference in response to Item 7 of this report for a discussion of the factors that materially affect the comparability of the information contained in such data.

 
    The Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations pages 1 to 64 of the Company’s Summary Annual Report to Stockholders is incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this report.
 
 
20
 
 
    Information with respect to interest rate risk and foreign currency exchange risk is contained in Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Summary Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference. Information with respect to the levels of indebtedness subject to interest rate fluctuation is contained in Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Summary Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference. Information with respect to the Company’s level of business outside the United States which is subject to foreign currency exchange rate market risk is contained in Note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption “Geographic Information” in the Company’s Summary Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference.

  
    The Consolidated Financial Statements (including the notes thereto, except as noted below) of the Company and the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s Report as set forth in the Company’s Summary Annual Report are incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this report. For a list of financial statements filed as part of this report, see Item 15, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules” beginning on page 25.
 
 
    Not applicable.
 
 
Disclosure Controls and Procedures 
  
    The Company has adopted and maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Form 10-K, is collected, recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are also designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. As required under Exchange Act Rule 13a-15, the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 
  
    The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). The Company's internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company's management and Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. Management conducted an assessment of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the framework and criteria established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control — Integrated Framework. Based on the assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2007, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.  The Company's management report on internal control over financial reporting is set forth on pages 25 - 26 of the Company's Summary Annual Report and is incorporated herein by this reference.
 
    The Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and its internal control processes will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be
 
 
21
 
considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of error or fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and may not be detected. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk.

Deloitte and Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 as stated in their report below.
 
Changes in Internal Control
 
    There have been no changes in internal controls over the financial reporting that occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal controls over financial reporting.
 
Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm
       
  
 
22
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of BorgWarner Inc.:
Auburn Hills, Michigan
 
    We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
  
    We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
   
    A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
    Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
  
    In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
   
    We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2007 of the Company and our report dated February 14, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and included an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company's changes in its methods of accounting in 2007 for income taxes as a result of adopting FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 
Detroit, Michigan
February 14, 2008
 
 
23
 
 
    Not applicable.
   
Item 10. 
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
 
    The following information from the Company’s Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this report: “Election of Directors”; “Information on Nominees for Directors and Continuing Directors”; “Board of Directors and Its Committees”; “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance”; and “Code of Ethics”. Information with respect to executive officers of the Company is set forth in Part I of this report.
   
Item 11. 
Executive Compensation
  
    Information with respect to compensation of executive officers and directors of the Company under the captions “Director Compensation”, “Executive Compensation,” “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” “Stock Options,” “Long-Term Incentives,” and “Change of Control Employment Agreements” in the Company’s Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this report.
   
Item 12. 
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
 
    Information under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the Company’s Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this report.
   
Item 13. 
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
   
    None.
   
Item 14. 
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
  
    Information with respect to the fees and services of our principal accountant under the caption “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Company’s Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference and made a part of this report.  
 
24
 


   
Item 15. 
Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

   
 
1. The following consolidated financial statements of the Company in the Company’s Summary Annual Report are incorporated herein by reference:

         Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s Report
21
  
         Consolidated Statements of Operations — years ended December 31,  2007, 2006 and 2005
22
  
         Consolidated Balance Sheets — December 31, 2007 and 2006
23
  
         Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — years ended December 31,  2007, 2006 and 2005
24
  
         Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income — years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
25
  
         Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
26
  

   
 
2.  Financial Statement Schedules. All other financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, or the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
   
 
Financial statements of 50 percent or less-owned companies accounted for under the equity method of accounting, have been omitted because the proportionate share of their profit before income taxes and total assets is less than 20 percent of consolidated amounts and investments in such companies are less than 20 percent of our total consolidated assets for all periods presented.
   
 
3. The exhibits filed in response to Item 601 of Regulation S-K are listed in the Exhibit Index on page A-1.
 
 
 
 
25
 
SIGNATURES 
 
      Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
   
 
BORGWARNER INC.

 
 By:   /s/ Timothy M. Manganello
 
    Timothy M. Manganello
 
    Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Date: February 14, 2008
 
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on the 14th day of February, 2008.
         
Signature
  
Title
 
/s/ Timothy M. Manganello
Timothy M. Manganello
  
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
/s/ Robin J. Adams
Robin J. Adams
  
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Administrative Officer & Director
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
/s/ Jeffrey L. Obermayer
Jeffrey L. Obermayer
  
Vice President and Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)
 
/s/ Phyllis O. Bonanno
Phyllis O. Bonanno
  
Director
 
/s/ David T. Brown
David T. Brown
  
Director
 
/s/ Jere A. Drummond
Jere A. Drummond
  
Director
 
/s/ Paul E. Glaske
Paul E. Glaske
  
Director
 
/s/ Alexis P. Michas
Alexis P. Michas
  
Director
 
/s/ Ernest J. Novak, Jr.
Ernest J. Novak, Jr. 
  
Director
     
/s/ Richard O. Schaum
Richard O. Schaum
  
 Director
 
     
/s/ Thomas T. Stallkamp
Thomas T. Stallkamp
  
 Director
 
 
 
26
 
 
 
EXHIBIT INDEX 
         
Exhibit
    
Number
  
Description
     
 
*3
.1
  
Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 3.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2004).
 
*3
.2
  
Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 3.1 of the Company’s Report on Form 8-K filed November 14, 2007).
 
*3
.3
  
Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1999).
 
*3
.4
  
Certificate of Ownership and Merger Merging BorgWarner Inc. into Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2000).
 
*4
.1
  
Indenture, dated as of February 15, 1999, between Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. and The First National Bank of Chicago (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.1 to Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement No. 333-66879).
 
*4
.2
  
Indenture, dated as of September 23, 1999, between Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. and Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association, as trustee, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.1 to the Company's Report on Form 8-K filed October 6, 1999).
 
*4
.3
  
Rights Agreement, dated as of July 22, 1998, between Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. and ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, L.L.C. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on July 24, 1998).
 
*4
.4
  
First Supplemental Indenture by and between the registrant and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as the indenture trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 30, 2006).
 
*10
.1
  
Credit Agreement dated as of July 22, 2004 among BorgWarner Inc., as Borrower, the Lenders Party Hereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, Administrative Agent, Bank of America, N.A. as Syndication Agent and Calyon New York Branch (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2004).
 
†*10
.2
  
BorgWarner Inc. 2004 Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2004).
 
*10
.3
  
Form of BorgWarner Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 99.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 27, 2005).
 
†*10
.4
  
BorgWarner Inc. Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix B of the Company’s Proxy Statement dated March 23, 2006 for its 2006 Annual Meeting of Stockholders).
 
*10
.5
  
Distribution and Indemnity Agreement dated January 27, 1993 between Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. and Borg-Warner Security Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.2 to Registration Statement No. 33-64934).
 
*10
.6
  
Tax Sharing Agreement dated January 27, 1993 between Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. and Borg-Warner Security Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.3 to Registration Statement No. 33-64934).
 
*10
.7
  
Receivables Transfer Agreement dated as of January 28, 1994 among BWA Receivables Corporation, ABN AMRO Bank N.V. as Agent and the Program LOC Provider and Windmill Funding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.12 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993).
  *10 .8   
Second Amended and Restated Receivables Loan Agreement dated as of December 6, 2004 Among BWA Receivables Corporation, as Borrower, BorgWarner Inc., as Collection Agent, ABN AMRO Bank N.V., as Agent, The Banks from Time to Time Party Hereto, and Windmill Funding Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005).
 
 
 
 
1
 

 
         
Exhibit
    
Number
  
Description
     
 
*10
.9
  
First Amendment dated as of April 29, 2005 to Second Amended and Restated Receivables Loan Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005).
 
 *10.
 10
  
Second Amendment Dated as of April 28, 2006 to Second Amended and Restated Receivables Loan Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2006). 
 
†*10
.11
  
Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. Management Incentive Bonus Plan dated January 1, 1994 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993).
 
†*10
.12
  
Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. Retirement Savings Excess Benefit Plan dated January 27, 1993 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.20 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1993).
 
†*10
.13
  
Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. Retirement Savings Plan dated January 27, 1993 as further amended and restated effective as of April 1, 1994 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995).
 
†*10
.14
  
BorgWarner Inc. Board of Directors Deferred Compensation Plan dated April 18, 1995 and further amended effective January 1, 2007 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.23 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002).
 
†*10
.15
  
Form of Change of Control Employment Agreement for Executive Officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 1997).
 
*10
.16
  
Assignment of Trademarks and License Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.0 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1994).
 
*10
.17
  
Amendment to Assignment of Trademarks and License Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.23 of the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998).
 
†*10
.18
  
Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. Executive Stock Performance Plan, Revised and Re-approved February 2, 2000 (incorporated by reference to Appendix B of the Company’s Proxy Statement dated March 22, 2000).
 
†*10
.19
  
BorgWarner Inc. 2005 Executive Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix B of the Company’s Proxy Statement dated March 24, 2005).
 
†*10
.20
  
Form of BorgWarner Inc. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan Performance Share Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 7, 2005).
 
†*10
.21
  
Form of BorgWarner Inc. Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Agreement for Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 7, 2008).
 
13
.1
  
Summary Annual Report to Stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2007 with manually signed Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s Report. (The Annual Report, except for those portions which are expressly incorporated by reference in the Form 10-K, is furnished for the information of the Commission and is not deemed filed as part of the Form 10-K).
 
21
.1
  
Subsidiaries of the Company.
 
23
.1
  
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s Consent.
 
31
.1
  
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Chief Executive Officer.
  31 .2  
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Chief Financial Officer.
  32 .1  
Section 1350 Certifications. 
* Incorporated by reference.
† Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed pursuant to Item 14(c).
  
 
2
 
 
 



 EX-13.1 2 exhibit13.htm exhibit13.htm

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


INTRODUCTION

BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries (the “Company”) is a leading global supplier of highly engineered systems and components primarily for powertrain applications.  Our products help improve vehicle performance, fuel efficiency, air quality and vehicle stability.  They are manufactured and sold worldwide, primarily to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) of light vehicles (i.e. passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles (“SUVs”), cross-over vehicles, vans and light trucks).  Our products are also manufactured and sold to OEMs of commercial trucks, buses and agricultural and off-highway vehicles.  We also manufacture for and sell our products to certain Tier One vehicle systems suppliers and into the aftermarket for light and commercial vehicles.  We operate manufacturing facilities serving customers in the Americas, Europe and Asia, and are an original equipment supplier to every major automaker in the world.

The Company’s products fall into two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain.  The Engine segment’s products include turbochargers, timing chain systems, air management, emissions systems, thermal systems, as well as diesel and gas ignition systems.  The Drivetrain segment’s products include all-wheel drive transfer cases, torque management systems, and components and systems for automated transmissions.
 
Stock Split

On November 14, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a two-for-one stock split effected in the form of a stock dividend on its common stock.  To implement this stock split, shares of common stock were issued on December 17, 2007 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on December 6, 2007.  All prior year share and per share amounts disclosed in this document have been restated to reflect the two-for-one stock split.

 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Overview
 
A summary of our operating results for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 is as follows:


                   
millions of dollars, except per share data
                  
Year Ended December 31,
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Net sales
   $ 5,328.6     $ 4,585.4     $ 4,293.8  
Cost of sales
     4,378.7       3,735.5       3,440.0  
Gross profit
     949.9       849.9       853.8  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
     531.9       498.1       495.9  
Restructuring expense
     -       84.7       -  
Other (income) expense
     (6.8 )     (7.5 )     34.8  
Operating income
     424.8       274.6       323.1  
Equity in affiliates' earnings, net of tax
     (40.3 )     (35.9 )     (28.2 )
Interest expense and finance charges
     34.7       40.2       37.1  
    Earnings before income taxes and minority interest
     430.4       270.3       314.2  
Provision for income taxes
     113.9       32.4       55.1  
Minority interest, net of tax
     28.0       26.3       19.5  
Net earnings
   $ 288.5     $ 211.6     $ 239.6  
                         
Earnings per share - diluted
   $ 2.45     $ 1.83     $ 2.09  
                         
 
1
 

A summary of major factors impacting the Company’s net earnings for the year ended December 31, 2007 in comparison to 2006 and 2005 is as follows:

·  
Continued demand for our products in both Engine and Drivetrain segments.
·  
Lower North American production of light trucks and SUVs.
·  
Continued benefits from our cost reduction programs, including containment of selling, general & administrative expenses, which partially offset continued raw material and energy cost increases, health care cost inflation and the costs related to global expansion.
·  
Restructuring expenses in the third and fourth quarters of 2006 to adjust headcount and capacity levels, primarily in North America and primarily in the Drivetrain segment.
·  
Expensing of stock options in 2007 and 2006 due to the implementation of FAS 123R in 2006.
·  
The write-offs of the excess purchase price allocated to in-process research and development (“IPR&D”), order backlog and beginning inventory related to the 2005 acquisition of approximately 69.4% of BERU stock and the subsequent 2007 acquisition of approximately 12.8% of BERU stock.
·  
The write-offs of the excess purchase price allocated to IPR&D, order backlog and beginning inventory related to the 2006 acquisition of the European Transmission and Engine Controls (“ETEC”) product lines from Eaton in Monaco.
·  
Gains in 2006 and 2005 from the 2005 sale of shares in AG Kühnle, Kopp & Kausch (“AGK”), an unconsolidated subsidiary carried on the cost basis.
·  
Recognition in 2005 of a $45.5 million charge related to the anticipated cost of settling alleged Crystal Springs related environmental contamination personal injury and property damage claims.  See Contingencies in Management’s Discussion and Analysis for more information on Crystal Springs.
·  
Favorable currency impact of $15.2 million and $0.4 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively.
·  
Adjustments to tax accounts in 2007, 2006 and 2005 upon conclusion of certain tax audits and changes in circumstances, including changes in tax laws.
·  
An approximate $14 million provision in 2007 for a warranty-related issue surrounding a product, built during a 15-month period in 2004 and 2005, that is no longer in production.

The Company’s earnings per diluted share were $2.45, $1.83 and $2.09 for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The Company believes the following table is useful in highlighting non-recurring or non-comparable items that impacted its earnings per diluted share:


Year Ended December 31,
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
    
Non-recurring or non-comparable items:
                    
  Restructuring expense   $ -     $ (0.41 )   $ -    
  Expensing of stock options     (0.10 )     (0.08 )     -    
  One-time write-off of the excess purchase price                          
     allocated to IPR&D, order backlog and beginning                          
     inventory associated with acquisitions     (0.02 )     (0.02 )     (0.11 )  
  Net gain from divestitures     -       0.03       0.06    
  Adjustments to tax accounts     0.03       0.19       0.23    
  Crystal Springs related settlement     -       -       (0.25 )  
Total impact to earnings per share - diluted:
   $ (0.09 )   $ (0.29 )   $ (0.08 )
(a)
                             
(a) Does not add due to rounding and quarterly changes in the number of weighted-average oustanding diluted shares.
                             
 
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Net Sales

The table below summarizes the overall worldwide global light vehicle production percentage changes for 2007 and 2006:
 
             
Worldwide Light Vehicle Year Over Year Increase (Decrease) in Production
  
             
   
2007
    
2006
  
North America*
     (1.5 )%     (3.1 )%
Europe*
     5.6 %     2.1 %
Asia*
     7.1 %     8.1 %
Total Worldwide*
     5.0 %     3.4 %
BorgWarner year over year net sales change
     16.2 %     6.8 %
                 
      * Data provided by CSM Worldwide.
                

Our net sales increases in 2007 and 2006 were strong in light of the estimated worldwide market production increases of 5.0% and 3.4%, respectively.  The Company’s net sales increased 16.2% in 2007 over 2006, and increased 6.8% in 2006 over 2005.  The effect of changing currency rates had a positive impact on net sales and net earnings in 2007 and 2006.  The effect of non-U.S. currencies, primarily the Euro, increased net sales by $262.1 million and net earnings by $15.2 million in 2007.  In 2006, non-U.S. currencies, primarily the Euro, added $36.8 million to net sales and $0.4 million to net earnings.  The year over year increase in net sales, excluding the favorable impact of currency, was 10.5% in 2007 and 5.9% in 2006.

Consolidated net sales included sales to Volkswagen of approximately 15%, 13%, and 13%; to Ford of approximately 12%, 13%, and 16%; and to Daimler of approximately 6%, 11%, and 12% for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  Daimler divested Chrysler in 2007.  Both of our reporting segments had significant sales to all three of the customers listed above.  Such sales consisted of a variety of products to a variety of customer locations and regions.  No other single customer accounted for more than 10% of consolidated sales in any year of the periods presented.

Our overall outlook for 2008 is positive, as we expect our sales to grow in excess of a projected moderate global vehicle production growth rate.  The outlook for global vehicle production by region is down moderately in North America, up moderately in Europe, and solid growth in Asia.  While expecting only moderate overall growth in global vehicle production, we expect to benefit from strong European and Asian automaker demand for our engine products, including turbochargers, timing systems, ignition systems and emissions products.  Growing demand for our drivetrain products outside of North America, including increased sales of dual-clutch transmission products, is also expected to be a positive trend for the Company.  The impact of non-U.S. currencies is currently planned to be negligible in 2008.  Assuming no major departures from these assumptions, we expect continued long-term sales and net earnings growth.

Results By Reporting Segment

The Company’s business is comprised of two reporting segments:  Engine and Drivetrain.  These segments are strategic business groups, which are managed separately as each represents a specific grouping of related automotive components and systems.  Effective January 1, 2006, the Company assigned an operating facility previously reported in the Engine segment to the Drivetrain segment due to changes in the facility’s product mix.  Segment amounts have been reclassified in 2005 to conform to this presentation.

The Company allocates resources to each segment based upon the projected after-tax return on invested capital (“ROIC") of its business initiatives.  The ROIC is comprised of projected earnings before interest and taxes (“EBIT”) adjusted for taxes compared to the projected average capital investment required.

EBIT is considered a “non-GAAP financial measure.”  Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company’s financial performance, financial position or cash flows that excludes (or includes) amounts that are included in (or excluded from) the most directly comparable measure calculated and
 
 
3
 
presented in accordance with GAAP.  EBIT is defined as earnings before interest, taxes and minority interest.  “Earnings” is intended to mean net earnings as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations under GAAP.

The Company believes that EBIT is useful to demonstrate the operational profitability of its segments by excluding interest and taxes, which are generally accounted for across the entire Company on a consolidated basis.  EBIT is also one of the measures used by the Company to determine resource allocation within the Company.  Although the Company believes that EBIT enhances understanding of its business and performance, it should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net earnings or cash flows from operations as determined in accordance with GAAP.

 
The following tables present net sales and Segment EBIT by segment for the years 2007, 2006 and 2005:


                   
Net Sales
                  
millions of dollars
                  
Year Ended December 31,
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Engine
   $ 3,761.3     $ 3,154.9     $ 2,855.4  
Drivetrain
     1,598.8       1,461.4       1,472.9  
Inter-segment eliminations
     (31.5 )     (30.9 )     (34.5 )
Net sales
   $ 5,328.6     $ 4,585.4     $ 4,293.8  
                         
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes
                        
millions of dollars
                        
Year Ended December 31,
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Engine
   $ 418.0     $ 365.8     $ 346.9  
Drivetrain
     118.1       90.6       105.2  
Segment earnings before interest and taxes ("Segment EBIT")
     536.1       456.4       452.1  
                         
Litigation settlement expense
     -       -       (45.5 )
Restructuring expense
     -       (84.7 )     -  
Corporate, including equity in affiliates' earnings
     (71.0 )     (61.2 )     (55.3 )
Consolidated earnings before interest and taxes ("EBIT")
     465.1       310.5       351.3  
                         
Interest expense and finance charges
     34.7       40.2       37.1  
Earnings before income taxes and minority interest
     430.4       270.3       314.2  
                         
Provision for income taxes
     113.9       32.4       55.1  
Minority interest, net of tax
     28.0       26.3       19.5  
Net earnings
   $ 288.5     $ 211.6     $ 239.6  
                         
                         

The Engine segment 2007 net sales were up 19.2% from 2006, with a 14.3% increase in Segment EBIT over the same period.  The Engine segment continued to benefit from Asian automaker demand for turbochargers and timing systems, European automaker demand for turbochargers, timing systems, exhaust gas recirculation (“EGR”) valves and diesel engine ignition systems, the continued roll-out of its variable cam timing systems with General Motors high-value V6 engines, stronger EGR valve sales in North America, and higher turbocharger and thermal products sales due to stronger global commercial vehicle production.  The Segment EBIT margin was 11.1% in 2007, down from 11.6% in 2006 (which includes the one-time write-off in 2007 of the excess purchase price allocated to BERU’s IPR&D, order backlog and inventory), due to the significant reduction in customer production schedules in the U.S. market and increased costs for raw materials, principally nickel.

 
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The Engine segment 2006 net sales were up 10.5% from 2005, with a 5.4% increase in Segment EBIT over the same period.  During 2006, the Engine segment continued to benefit from Asian automaker demand for turbochargers and timing systems, European automaker demand for turbochargers, timing systems, EGR valves and diesel engine ignition systems, the continued roll-out of its variable cam timing systems with General Motors high-value V6 engines, stronger EGR valve sales in North America, and higher turbocharger and thermal products sales due to stronger global commercial vehicle production.  The Segment EBIT margin was 11.6% in 2006, down from 12.1% in 2005 (which includes the one-time write-off in 2005 of the excess purchase price allocated to BERU’s IPR&D), due to the significant reduction in customer production schedules in the U.S. market and increased costs for raw materials, principally nickel.

For 2008, the Engine segment expects to deliver continued growth from further penetration of diesel engines in Europe, which will continue to boost demand for turbochargers and BERU technologies, and increased sales of our turbocharger and emissions products into the commercial vehicle market in North America.  Investments in South Korea and China are expected to continue to contribute to sales and EBIT.  This growth is expected to help offset anticipated weakness in North American light vehicle production.

The Drivetrain segment 2007 net sales increased 9.4% from 2006 with a 30.4% increase in Segment EBIT over the same period.  The segment continued to benefit from growth outside of North America including the continued ramp up of dual-clutch transmission and torque transfer product sales in Europe.  In the U.S., the group was negatively impacted by lower production of light trucks and SUVs equipped with its torque transfer products and lower sales of its traditional transmission products.  Segment EBIT margin was 7.4% in 2007, up from 6.2% in the prior year, due to the benefits of restructuring in its North American operations and growth outside of the U.S.

The Drivetrain segment 2006 net sales decreased 0.8% from 2005 with a 13.9% decrease in Segment EBIT over the same period.  The segment continued to benefit from growth outside of North America including the continued ramp up of dual-clutch transmission and torque transfer product sales in Europe.  In the U.S., the group was negatively impacted by lower production of light trucks and SUVs equipped with its torque transfer products and lower sales of its traditional transmission products.  Segment EBIT margin was 6.2% in 2006, down from 7.1% in the prior year, due to the significant reduction in customer production schedules in the U.S. market and increased costs for raw materials.

For 2008, the Drivetrain segment is expected to grow slightly as stagnant demand for our rear-wheel-drive based four-wheel-drive systems in North America is expected to be offset by content growth with our traditional transmission products and controls in automatic transmissions in North America, increased penetration of automatic transmissions in Europe and Asia, including increased sales of dual-clutch transmission products, and the continued ramp-up of rear-wheel-drive based four-wheel-drive programs outside of North America.

Corporate is the difference between calculated total Company EBIT and the total of the Segments’ EBIT.  It represents corporate headquarters’ expenses, expenses not directly attributable to the individual segments and equity in affiliates’ earnings.  This net expense was $71.0 million in 2007, $61.2 million in 2006 and $55.3 million in 2005.  Included in the 2007 and 2006 amounts are $16.3 million and $12.7 million, respectively, related to the expensing of stock options due to the implementation of FAS 123R in 2006.

 
5
 
Other Factors Affecting Results of Operations

The following table details our results of operations as a percentage of sales:

Year Ended December 31,    
2007 
      
2006 
      
2005 
  
Net sales
     100.0 %     100.0 %     100.0 %
Cost of sales
     82.2       81.5       80.1  
Gross profit
     17.8       18.5       19.9  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
     10.0       10.9       11.5  
Restructuring expense
     -       1.8       -  
Other (income) expense
     (0.2 )     (0.2 )     0.8  
Operating income
     8.0       6.0       7.6  
Equity in affiliates' earnings, net of tax
     (0.8 )     (0.8 )     (0.7 )
Interest expense and finance charges
     0.7       0.9       0.9  
    Earnings before income taxes and minority interest
     8.1       5.9       7.4  
Provision for income taxes
     2.2       0.7       1.3  
Minority interest, net of tax
     0.5       0.6       0.5  
Net earnings
     5.4 %     4.6 %     5.6 %
                         

Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 17.8%, 18.5% and 19.9% in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  Our gross profit in 2007 was negatively impacted by significant declines in customer production levels in the U.S. market, a warranty-related issue and higher raw material costs.  The warranty-related issue surrounded a product, built during a 15-month period in 2004 and 2005, that is no longer in production.  This resulted in a pre-tax charge of approximately $14 million.  Our gross profit also continued to be negatively impacted by higher raw material costs including nickel, steel, copper, aluminum and plastic resin in 2007.  Raw material costs increased approximately $55 million as compared to 2006, of which nickel was the single largest contributor.  Our focused cost reduction and commodity hedging programs in our operations partially offset the higher raw material costs.

Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) as a percentage of net sales were 10.0%, 10.9% and 11.5% in 2007, 2006 and 2005 respectively.  The decrease in SG&A as a percentage of net sales in 2007 was primarily due to cost reduction initiatives, partially offset by higher incentive compensation.  We expect that the growth in sales will continue to outpace the future increases in SG&A spending due to our ongoing focus on cost controls, and leveraging the existing infrastructure to support the increased sales.

Research and development (“R&D”) is a major component of our SG&A expenses.  R&D spending, net of customer reimbursements, was $210.8 million, or 4.0% of sales in 2007, compared to $187.7 million, or 4.1% of sales in 2006, and $161.0 million, or 3.8% of sales in 2005.  We currently intend to continue to increase our spending in R&D, although the growth rate in the future may not necessarily match the rate of our sales growth.  We also intend to continue to invest in a number of cross-business R&D programs, as well as a number of other key programs, all of which are necessary for short and long-term growth.  Our current long-term expectation for R&D spending is approximately 4.0% of sales.  We intend to maintain our commitment to R&D spending while continuing to focus on controlling other SG&A costs.

Restructuring expense of $84.7 million in 2006 was the result of declines in customer production levels in the U.S., customer restructurings and a subsequent evaluation of our headcount levels in North America and our long-term capacity needs.

On September 22, 2006, the Company announced the reduction of its North American workforce by approximately 850 people, or 13%, spread across its 19 operations in the U.S., Canada and Mexico.  This third quarter reduction of the North American workforce addressed an immediate need to adjust employment levels to meet customer restructurings and significantly lower production schedules going forward.  In addition to employee related costs of $6.7 million, the Company recorded $4.8 million of asset impairment charges related
 
 
6
 
to the North American restructuring.  The third quarter restructuring expenses of $11.5 million broken out by segment were as follows:  Engine $7.3 million, Drivetrain $3.6 million and Corporate $0.6 million.

During the fourth quarter 2006, the Company evaluated the competitiveness of its North American facilities, as well as its long-term capacity needs.  As a result, the Company will be closing the drivetrain plant in Muncie, Indiana and has adjusted the carrying values of other assets, primarily related to its four-wheel drive transfer case product line.  Production activity at the Muncie facility is scheduled to cease no later than the expiration of the current labor contract in 2009.  As a result of the fourth quarter restructuring, the Company recorded employee related costs of $14.8 million, asset impairments of $51.6 million and pension curtailment expense of $6.8 million.  The fourth quarter restructuring expenses of $73.2 million broken out by segment were as follows:  Engine $5.9 million and Drivetrain $67.3 million.

Other (income) expense was $(6.8) million, $(7.5) million and $34.8 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The 2007 income was comprised primarily of interest income.  The 2006 income was comprised primarily of a $(4.8) million gain from a previous divestiture and $(3.2) million of interest income.  The 2005 expense was primarily due to the $45.5 million charge associated with the anticipated cost of settling Crystal Springs related alleged environmental contamination personal injury and property damage claims, which was partially offset by the $(4.7) million gain on the sale of businesses, primarily the Company’s interest in AGK, and interest income of $(4.2) million.

Equity in affiliates’ earnings, net of tax was $40.3 million, $35.9 million and $28.2 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  This line item is primarily driven by the results of our 50% owned Japanese joint venture, NSK-Warner, and our 32.6% owned Indian joint venture, Turbo Energy Limited (“TEL”).  For more discussion of NSK-Warner, see Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Interest expense and finance charges were $34.7 million, $40.2 million and $37.1 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The decrease in 2007 expense over 2006 expense was primarily due to reduced debt levels.  The increase in 2006 expense over 2005 expense was due to funding our acquisition of the ETEC product lines from Eaton, international expansion and rising interest rates.

The provision for income taxes resulted in an effective tax rate of 26.5%, 12.0% and 17.5% in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The effective tax rate of 26.5% for 2007 differs from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to the following factors:

·  
Foreign rates which differ from those in the U.S.
·  
Realization of certain business tax credits including R&D and foreign tax credits.
·  
Other permanent items, including equity in affiliates’ earnings and Medicare prescription drug benefit.
·  
Tax effects of miscellaneous dispositions.
·  
Change in tax accrual accounts upon conclusion of certain tax audits.
·  
Adjustments to various tax accounts, including changes in tax laws.

If the effects of the tax accrual change, the other miscellaneous dispositions, the adjustments to tax accounts and the changes in tax laws are not taken into account, the Company's effective tax rate associated with its on-going business operations was 27.1%.  This rate was higher than the 2006 tax rate for on-going operations of 26.0% primarily due to changes in the mix of global pre-tax income among taxing jurisdictions.

Minority interest, net of tax of $28.0 million increased by $1.7 million from 2006 and by $8.5 million from 2005.  The increase is primarily related to the minority interest in BERU, in addition to the earnings growth in our Asian majority-owned subsidiaries.

 
7
 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
                   
Capitalization
                  
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
    
% change
  
Notes payable and current portion of long-term debt
   $ 63.7     $ 151.7        
Long-term debt
     572.6       569.4        
   Total debt
     636.3       721.1       -11.8 %
Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries
     117.9       162.1          
Total stockholders' equity
     2,321.1       1,875.4          
   Total capitalization
   $ 3,075.3     $ 2,758.6       11.5 %
   Total debt to capital ratio
     20.7 %     26.1 %        
                         

Stockholders’ equity increased by $445.7 million in 2007.  The increase was primarily attributable to net income of $288.5 million, net foreign currency translation and hedged instrument adjustments of $116.8 million and stock option exercises of $46.2 million.   These factors were somewhat offset by treasury stock purchases of $47.0 million and dividend payments to BorgWarner stockholders of $39.4 million.  In relation to the U.S. Dollar, the currencies in foreign countries where we conduct business, particularly the Euro, Korean Won and British Pound strengthened, causing the currency translation component of other comprehensive income to increase in 2007.  The $84.8 million decrease in debt was primarily due to higher operating cash flows, partially offset by the $138.8 million acquisition of additional shares of BERU.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $603.5 million, $442.1 million and $396.5 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The $161.4 million increase from 2006 to 2007 was primarily due to higher earnings and improved working capital ratios.  The $45.6 million increase from 2005 to 2006 was primarily due to lower cash tax payments of $37.7 million and $28.4 million more in dividends received from NSK-Warner.  The $603.5 million of net cash provided by operating activities in 2007 consists of net earnings of $288.5 million, increased for non-cash charges of $267.0 million and a $48.0 million decrease in net operating assets and liabilities.  Non-cash charges are primarily comprised of $264.6 million in depreciation and amortization expense.

Accounts receivable increased a total of $6.2 million excluding the impact of currency, due to higher business levels, particularly in Europe.  Certain of our European customers tend to have longer payment terms than our North American customers.  Inventory increased by $34.7 million excluding the impact of currency, while our full year average inventory turns increased to 10.5 times from 10.1 in 2006.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $368.0 million, $341.1 million and $700.1 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  Capital expenditures, including tooling outlays (“capital spending”) of $293.9 million in 2007, or 5.5% of sales, increased $25.6 million over the 2006 level of $268.3 million, or 5.9% of sales.  Selective capital spending remains an area of focus for us, both in order to support our book of new business and for cost reduction and other purposes.  Heading into 2008, we plan to continue to spend capital to support the launch of our new applications and for cost reductions and productivity improvement projects.  Our target for capital spending is approximately 6% to 7% of sales.

The Company acquired approximately 12.8% of BERU (see Note 19, “Recent Acquisitions”) in the quarter ended December 31, 2007 for $138.8 million, including transaction fees.

The Company acquired the ETEC product lines from Eaton as of the close of business for the quarter ended September 30, 2006 for $63.7 million, net of cash acquired.

 
8
 
The majority of the increase in investing activities in 2005 was due to the $477.2 million payment to acquire approximately 69.4% of BERU, net of cash acquired.  On March 11, 2005, the Company completed the sale of its holdings in AGK for $57.0 million to Turbo Group GmbH.  The proceeds, net of closing costs, were approximately $54.2 million, resulting in a gain of $10.1 million on the sale.

Financing Activities and Liquidity

Net debt reductions were $84.8 million in 2007 excluding the impact of currency translation.  Net debt reductions were $35.2 million in 2006 excluding the impact of currency translation.  The Company’s 7.00% Senior Notes of $139.0 million of principal and accrued interest matured on November 1, 2006 and were refinanced with the issuance of $150.0 million 5.75% Senior Notes due November 1, 2016.  In 2005, the Company financed the $554.8 million BERU acquisition ($477.2 million net of cash acquired) and subsequently repaid $160.2 million of those borrowings.  Proceeds from the exercise of employee stock options were $46.3 million, $27.1 million and $17.6 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The Company paid dividends to BorgWarner stockholders of $39.4 million, $36.7 million and $31.8 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The Company had treasury stock purchases of $47.0 million in 2007.

The Company has a revolving multi-currency credit facility, which provides for borrowings up to $600 million through July 2009.  The credit facility agreement is subject to the usual terms and conditions applied by banks to an investment grade company.  The Company was in compliance with all covenants for all periods presented. In addition to the credit facility, the Company has $50 million available under a shelf registration statement on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission under which a variety of debt instruments could be issued.  The Company also has access to the commercial paper market through a $50 million accounts receivable securitization facility, which is rolled over annually.  From a credit quality perspective, the Company has an investment grade credit rating of A- from Standard & Poor’s and Baa1 from Moody’s.  The Moody’s rating was upgraded from Baa2 to Baa1 on February 11, 2008.  The outlook from both agencies is stable.

 
The Company’s significant contractual obligation payments at December 31, 2007 are as follows:

                                 
millions of dollars
  
Total
    
2008
    
  2009-2010
    
 2011-2012
    
After 2012
  
Other post employment benefits excluding pensions (a)
   $ 916.4     $ 32.3     $ 66.7     $ 69.2     $ 748.2  
Unfunded pension plans (b)
     72.9       5.8       13.3       13.1       40.7  
Notes payable and long-term debt
     638.9       63.7       153.0       6.7       415.5  
Projected interest payments (c)
     342.4       32.4       48.2       38.4       223.4  
Non-cancelable operating leases (d)
     64.6       26.7       14.3       9.9       13.7  
Capital spending obligations
     73.5       73.5       -       -       -  
Income tax payments (e)
     6.6       6.6       -       -       -  
  Total (f)
   $ 2,115.3     $ 241.0     $ 295.5     $ 137.3     $ 1,441.5  
                                           
(a)
Other post employment benefits excluding pensions include anticipated future payments to cover retiree medical and life insurance benefits. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures related to the Company’s pension and other post employment benefits.
  
   
(b)
Amount contained in "After 2012" column includes estimated payments through 2017. Since the timing and amount of payments for funded defined benefit pension plans are not certain for future years, such payments have been excluded from this table. The Company expects to contribute a total of $10 million to $20 million into all defined benefit pension plans during 2008. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures related to the Company’s pension and other post employment benefits.
  
   
(c)
Projection is based upon actual fixed rates where appropriate, and a projected floating rate for the variable rate portion of the total debt portfolio. The floating rate projection is based upon current market conditions and rounded to the nearest 50th basis point (0.50%), which is 4.5% for this purpose.  Projection is also based upon debt being redeemed upon maturity.
  
 
 
  
(d)
2008 includes $12.2 million for the guaranteed residual value of production equipment with a lease that expires in 2008. Please see Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for details concerning this lease.
  
                                           
(e)
See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures related to the Company's income taxes.
  
                                           
(f)
The Company has firm non-cancelable purchase obligations to buy production inventory in 2008 amounting to $17.2 Million. The Company has no inventory purchase obligations extending beyond 2008.
  

 
 
9
 
We believe that the combination of cash from operations, cash balances, available credit facilities and the shelf registration will be sufficient to satisfy our cash needs for our current level of operations and our planned operations for the foreseeable future.  We will continue to balance our needs for internal growth, external growth, debt reduction, dividends and share repurchase.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2007, the accounts receivable securitization facility was sized at $50 million and has been in place with its current funding partner since January 1994.  This facility sells accounts receivable without recourse.

The Company has certain leases that are recorded as operating leases.  Types of operating leases include leases on the headquarters facility, an airplane, vehicles, and certain office equipment.  The Company also has a lease obligation for production equipment at one of its facilities.  The total expected future cash outlays for all lease obligations at the end of 2007 is $64.6 million.  See Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on operating leases, including future minimum payments.

The Company has guaranteed the residual values of the leased production equipment.  The guarantees extend through the maturity of the underlying lease, which is in 2008.  In the event the Company exercises its option not to purchase the production equipment, the Company has guaranteed a residual value of $12.2 million.  The Company has accrued $6.0 million as an expected loss on this guarantee, which is expected to be paid in 2008.

Pension and Other Post Employment Benefits

The Company’s policy is to fund its defined benefit pension plans in accordance with applicable government regulations and to make additional contributions when management deems it appropriate.  At December 31, 2007, all legal funding requirements had been met.  The Company contributed $12.4 million to its defined benefit pension plans in 2007 and $17.5 million in 2006.  The Company expects to contribute a total of $10 million to $20 million in 2008.

The funded status of all pension plans changed to a net unfunded position of $(136.5) million at the end of 2007 from a net unfunded position of $(125.4) million at the end of 2006.

Other post employment benefits primarily consist of post employment health care benefits for certain employees and retirees of the Company’s U.S. operations.  The Company funds these benefits as retiree claims are incurred.  Other post employment benefits had an unfunded status of $(373.1) million at the end of 2007 and $(513.6) million at the end of 2006.  The unfunded levels decreased due to an increase in the discount rate assumption and changes in certain plan designs.

The Company believes it will be able to fund the requirements of these plans through cash generated from operations or other available sources of financing for the foreseeable future.

See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding costs and assumptions for employee retirement benefits.
 
 
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OTHER MATTERS

Contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are parties to various commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints, including matters involving warranty claims, intellectual property claims, general liability and various other risks.  See Notes 8 and 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  It is not possible to predict with certainty whether or not the Company and its subsidiaries will ultimately be successful in any of these commercial and legal matters or, if not, what the impact might be.  The Company’s environmental and product liability contingencies are discussed separately below.  The Company’s management does not expect that the results of these commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Environmental

The Company and certain of its current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, subsidiaries and divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and certain state environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) at various hazardous waste disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“Superfund”) and equivalent state laws and, as such, may presently be liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 34 such sites.  Responsibility for clean-up and other remedial activities at a Superfund site is typically shared among PRPs based on an allocation formula.

The Company believes that none of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.  Generally, this is because either the estimates of the maximum potential liability at a site are not large or the liability will be shared with other PRPs, although no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of any such matter.

Based on information available to the Company (which in most cases includes: an estimate of allocation of liability among PRPs; the probability that other PRPs, many of whom are large, solvent public companies, will fully pay the cost apportioned to them; currently available information from PRPs and/or federal or state environmental agencies concerning the scope of contamination and estimated remediation and consulting costs; remediation alternatives; estimated legal fees; and other factors), the Company has established an accrual for indicated environmental liabilities with a balance at December 31, 2007, of $14.5 million.  Excluding the Crystal Springs site discussed below for which $4.9 million has been accrued, the Company has accrued amounts that do not exceed $3.0 million related to any individual site and management does not believe that the costs related to any of these other individual sites will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.  The Company expects to pay out substantially all of the $14.5 million accrued environmental liability over the next three to five years.

In connection with the sale of Kuhlman Electric Corporation, the Company agreed to indemnify the buyer and Kuhlman Electric for certain environmental liabilities, then unknown to the Company, relating to the past operations of Kuhlman Electric.  The liabilities at issue result from operations of Kuhlman Electric that pre-date the Company’s acquisition of Kuhlman Electric’s parent company, Kuhlman Corporation, in 1999.  During 2000, Kuhlman Electric notified the Company that it discovered potential environmental contamination at its Crystal Springs, Mississippi plant while undertaking an expansion of the plant.  The Company is continuing to work with the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality and Kuhlman Electric to investigate and remediate to the extent necessary, if any, historical contamination at the plant and surrounding area.  Kuhlman Electric and others, including the Company, were sued in numerous related lawsuits, in which multiple claimants alleged personal injury and property damage.  In 2005, the Company and other defendants, including the Company’s subsidiary, Kuhlman Corporation, entered into settlements that resolved approximately 99% of the then known personal injury and property damage claims relating to the alleged environmental contamination.  Those settlements involved payments by the defendants of $28.5 million in the second half of 2005 and $15.7 million in the first quarter of 2006, in exchange for, among other things, dismissal with prejudice of these lawsuits.

 
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In December 2007, a lawsuit was filed against Kuhlman Electric and others, including the Company, on behalf of approximately 209 plaintiffs, alleging personal injury relating to the alleged environmental contamination.  Given the early stage of litigation, the Company cannot make any prediction as to the outcome but its current intention is to vigorously defend against the suit.

Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations

In March 2005, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 47, Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143 (“FIN 47”), which requires the Company to recognize legal obligations to perform asset retirements in which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the entity.  Certain government regulations require the removal and disposal of asbestos from an existing facility at the time the facility undergoes major renovations or is demolished.  The liability exists because the facility will not last forever, but it is conditional on future renovations (even if there are no immediate plans to remove the materials, which pose no health or safety hazard in their current condition).  Similarly, government regulations require the removal or closure of underground storage tanks (“USTs”) when their use ceases, the disposal of polychlorinated biphenyl (“PCB”) transformers and capacitors when their use ceases, and the disposal of used furnace bricks and liners, and lead-based paint in conjunction with facility renovations or demolition.  The Company currently has 17 manufacturing locations that have been identified as containing these items.  The fair value to remove and dispose of this material has been estimated and recorded at $1.0 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Product Liability

Like many other industrial companies who have historically operated in the U.S., the Company (or parties the Company is obligated to indemnify) continues to be named as one of many defendants in asbestos-related personal injury actions.  Management believes that the Company’s involvement is limited because, in general, these claims relate to a few types of automotive friction products that were manufactured many years ago and contained encapsulated asbestos.  The nature of the fibers, the encapsulation and the manner of use lead the Company to believe that these products are highly unlikely to cause harm.  As of December 31, 2007, the Company had approximately 42,000 pending asbestos-related product liability claims.  Of these outstanding claims, approximately 32,000 are pending in just three jurisdictions, where significant tort reform activities are underway.

The Company’s policy is to aggressively defend against these lawsuits and the Company has been successful in obtaining dismissal of many claims without any payment.  The Company expects that the vast majority of the pending asbestos-related product liability claims where it is a defendant (or has an obligation to indemnify a defendant) will result in no payment being made by the Company or its insurers.  In 2007, of the approximately 4,400 claims resolved, only 194 (4.4%) resulted in any payment being made to a claimant by or on behalf of the Company.  In 2006, of the approximately 27,000 claims resolved, only 169 (0.6%) resulted in any payment being made to a claimant by or on behalf of the Company.

Prior to June 2004, the settlement and defense costs associated with all claims were covered by the Company’s primary layer insurance coverage, and these carriers administered, defended, settled and paid all claims under a funding arrangement.  In June 2004, primary layer insurance carriers notified the Company of the alleged exhaustion of their policy limits.  This led the Company to access the next available layer of insurance coverage.  Since June 2004, secondary layer insurers have paid asbestos-related litigation defense and settlement expenses pursuant to a funding arrangement.  To date, the Company has paid $30.3 million in defense and indemnity in advance of insurers’ reimbursement and has received $9.7 million in cash from insurers.  The outstanding balance of $20.6 million is expected to be fully recovered.  Timing of the recovery is dependent on final resolution of the declaratory judgment action referred to below.  At December 31, 2006, insurers owed $11.7 million in association with these claims.

At December 31, 2007, the Company has an estimated liability of $39.6 million for future claims resolutions, with a related asset of $39.6 million to recognize the insurance proceeds receivable by the Company
 
 
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for estimated losses related to claims that have yet to be resolved.  Insurance carrier reimbursement of 100% is expected based on the Company’s experience, its insurance contracts and decisions received to date in the declaratory judgment action referred to below.  At December 31, 2006, the comparable value of the insurance receivable and accrued liability was $39.9 million.
 
The amounts recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the estimated future settlement of existing claims are as follows:


             
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
Assets:
            
   Prepayments and other current assets
   $ 20.1     $ 23.3  
   Other non-current assets
     19.5       16.6  
      Total insurance receivable
   $ 39.6     $ 39.9  
                 
Liabilities:
                
   Accounts payable and accrued expenses
   $ 20.1     $ 23.3  
   Other non-current liabilities
     19.5       16.6  
      Total accrued liability
   $ 39.6     $ 39.9  
                 


The Company cannot reasonably estimate possible losses, if any, in excess of those for which it has accrued, because it cannot predict how many additional claims may be brought against the Company (or parties the Company has an obligation to indemnify) in the future, the allegations in such claims, the possible outcomes, or the impact of tort reform legislation that may be enacted at the State or Federal levels.

A declaratory judgment action was filed in January 2004 in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois by Continental Casualty Company and related companies (“CNA”) against the Company and certain of its other historical general liability insurers.  CNA provided the Company with both primary and additional layer insurance, and, in conjunction with other insurers, is currently defending and indemnifying the Company in its pending asbestos-related product liability claims.  The lawsuit seeks to determine the extent of insurance coverage available to the Company including whether the available limits exhaust on a “per occurrence” or an “aggregate” basis, and to determine how the applicable coverage responsibilities should be apportioned.  On August 15, 2005, the Court issued an interim order regarding the apportionment matter.  The interim order has the effect of making insurers responsible for all defense and settlement costs pro rata to time-on-the-risk, with the pro-ration method to hold the insured harmless for periods of bankrupt or unavailable coverage.  Appeals of the interim order were denied.  However, the issue is reserved for appellate review at the end of the action.  In addition to the primary insurance available for asbestos-related claims, the Company has substantial additional layers of insurance available for potential future asbestos-related product claims.  As such, the Company continues to believe that its coverage is sufficient to meet foreseeable liabilities.

Although it is impossible to predict the outcome of pending or future claims or the impact of tort reform legislation that may be enacted at the State or Federal levels, due to the encapsulated nature of the products, the Company’s experiences in aggressively defending and resolving claims in the past, and the Company’s significant insurance coverage with solvent carriers as of the date of this filing, management does not believe that asbestos-related product liability claims are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP.  In preparing these financial statements, management has made its best estimates and judgments of certain amounts included in the financial statements, giving due consideration to materiality.  Critical accounting policies are those that are most important to the portrayal of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.  These policies require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments in the preparation of the financial statements and accompanying notes.  Management makes estimates and assumptions about the effect of matters that are
 
 
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inherently uncertain, relating to the reporting of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.  Our most critical accounting policies are discussed below.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when title and risk of loss pass to the customer, which is usually upon shipment of product.  Although the Company may enter into long-term supply agreements with its major customers, each shipment of goods is treated as a separate sale and the price is not fixed over the life of the agreements.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company periodically reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets, whether held for use or disposal, including other intangible assets, when events and circumstances warrant such a review.  This review is performed using estimates of future cash flows.  If the carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired, an impairment charge is recorded for the amount by which the carrying value of the long-lived asset exceeds its fair value.  Management believes that the estimates of future cash flows and fair value assumptions are reasonable; however, changes in assumptions underlying these estimates could affect the evaluations.  Significant judgments and estimates used by management when evaluating long-lived assets for impairment include: (i) an assessment as to whether an adverse event or circumstance has triggered the need for an impairment review; and  (ii) undiscounted future cash flows generated by the asset.  The Company recognized $56.4 million in impairment of long-lived assets in 2006 as part of the restructuring expenses.

See Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding the 2006 impairment of long-lived assets.

Goodwill

The Company annually reviews its goodwill for impairment in the fourth quarter of each year for all of its reporting units, or when events and circumstances warrant such a review.  This review utilizes the “two-step impairment test” required under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangibles, and requires us to make significant assumptions and estimates about the extent and timing of future cash flows, discount rates and growth rates.  The cash flows are estimated over a significant future period of time, which makes those estimates and assumptions subject to an even higher degree of uncertainty.  We also utilize market valuation models and other financial ratios, which require us to make certain assumptions and estimates regarding the applicability of those models to our assets and businesses.  We believe that the assumptions and estimates used to determine the estimated fair values of each of our reporting units are reasonable.  However, different assumptions could materially affect the estimated fair value.  The goodwill impairment test was performed in December 2007, 2006 and 2005.  The Company recognized goodwill impairment of $0.2 million in 2006 related to the Drivetrain segment.  No goodwill impairment was noted in 2007 and 2005.

See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding goodwill.

Environmental Accrual

We work with outside experts to determine a range of potential liability for environmental sites.  The ranges for each individual site are then aggregated into a loss range for the total accrued liability.  Management’s estimate of the loss range for 2007 is between $14.4 million and $25.1 million.  We record an accrual at the most probable amount within the range unless one cannot be determined; in which case we record the accrual at the low end of the range.  At the end of 2007, our total accrued environmental liability including our conditional asset retirement obligation under FIN 47 was $15.5 million.

See Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding environmental accrual.

 
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Product Warranty

The Company provides warranties on some of its products.  The warranty terms are typically from one to three years.  Provisions for estimated expenses related to product warranty are made at the time products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency, and average cost of warranty claim settlements; as well as product manufacturing and industry developments and recoveries from third parties.  Management actively studies trends of warranty claims and takes action to improve product quality and minimize warranty claims.  Management believes that the warranty accrual is appropriate; however, actual claims incurred could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to the accrual.  The accrual is represented in both current and non-current liabilities on the balance sheet.

See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding product warranty.

Other Loss Accruals and Valuation Allowances

The Company has numerous other loss exposures, such as customer claims, workers’ compensation claims, litigation, and recoverability of assets.  Establishing loss accruals or valuation allowances for these matters requires the use of estimates and judgment in regard to the risk exposure and ultimate realization.  We estimate losses under the programs using consistent and appropriate methods; however, changes to our assumptions could materially affect our recorded accrued liabilities for loss or asset valuation allowances.

Pension and Other Post Employment Defined Benefits

The Company provides post employment defined benefits to a number of its current and former employees.  Costs associated with post employment defined benefits include pension and post employment health care expenses for employees, retirees and surviving spouses and dependents.  The Company’s employee defined benefit pension and post employment health care expenses are dependent on management’s assumptions used by actuaries in calculating such amounts.  These assumptions include discount rates, health care cost trend rates, inflation, long-term return on plan assets, retirement rates, mortality rates and other factors.  Health care cost trend assumptions are developed based on historical cost data, the near-term outlook, and an assessment of likely long-term trends.  The inflation assumption is based on an evaluation of external market indicators.  Retirement and mortality rates are based primarily on actual plan experience.  The Company reviews its actuarial assumptions on an annual basis and makes modifications to the assumptions based on current rates and trends when appropriate.  The effects of the modifications are recorded currently or amortized over future periods in accordance with GAAP.

The Company’s approach to establishing the discount rate is based upon the market yields of high-quality corporate bonds, with appropriate consideration of each plan’s defined benefit payment terms and duration of the liabilities.  The discount rate assumption is typically rounded up or down to the nearest 25 basis points for each plan.  As a sensitivity measure for the Company’s pension plans, a decrease of 25 basis points to the discount rate would increase the Company’s 2008 expense by approximately $0.8 million.  As for the Company’s other post employment benefit plans, a decrease of 25 basis points to the discount rate would increase the Company’s 2008 expense by approximately $0.4 million.

The Company determines its expected return on plan asset assumptions by evaluating estimates of future market returns and the plans’ asset allocation.  The Company also considers the impact of active management of the plans’ invested assets.  The Company’s expected return on assets assumption reflects the asset allocation of each plan.  For sensitivity purposes, a 25 basis point decrease in the long-term return on assets would increase the 2008 pension expense by approximately $1.3 million.

The Company determines its health care inflation rate for its other post employment benefit plans by evaluating the circumstances surrounding the plan design, recent experience and health care economics.  For sensitivity purposes, a one percentage point increase in the assumed health care cost trend would increase the Company’s projected benefit obligation by $27.4 million at December 31, 2007, and would increase the 2008 expense by $2.2 million.

 
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Based on the information provided by its independent actuaries and other relevant sources, the Company believes that the assumptions used are reasonable; however, changes in these assumptions, or experience different from that assumed, could impact the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding costs and assumptions for employee retirement benefits.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The Company records a valuation allowance that primarily represents foreign operating and other loss carryforwards for which utilization is uncertain.  Management judgment is required in determining the Company’s provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities and the valuation allowance recorded against the Company’s net deferred tax assets.  In calculating the provision for income taxes on an interim basis, the Company uses an estimate of the annual effective tax rate based upon the facts and circumstances known at each interim period.  In determining the need for a valuation allowance, the historical and projected financial performance of the operation recording the net deferred tax asset is considered along with any other pertinent information.  Since future financial results may differ from previous estimates, periodic adjustments to the Company’s valuation allowance may be necessary.

The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous non-U.S. jurisdictions.  Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes and recording the related assets and liabilities.  In the ordinary course of our business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is less than certain.  The Company is regularly under audit by the various applicable tax authorities.  Accruals for income tax contingencies are provided for in accordance with the requirements of FASB interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.  The Company’s federal and certain state income tax returns and certain non-U.S. income tax returns are currently under various stages of audit by applicable tax authorities.  Although the outcome of tax audits is always uncertain, management believes that it has appropriate support for the positions taken on its tax returns and that its annual tax provisions included amounts sufficient to pay assessments, if any, which may be proposed by the taxing authorities.  At December 31, 2007, the Company has recorded a liability for its best estimate of the probable loss on certain of its tax positions, which is included in other non-current liabilities.  Nonetheless, the amounts ultimately paid, if any, upon resolution of the issues raised by the taxing authorities may differ materially from the amounts accrued for each year.

See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding income taxes.

New Accounting Pronouncements

On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“FAS 123R”), which required the Company to measure all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and record the related expense in the financial statements.  The Company elected to use the modified prospective transition method, which requires that compensation cost be recognized in the financial statements for all awards granted after the date of adoption as well as for existing awards for which the requisite service has not been rendered as of the date of adoption and requires that prior periods not be restated.  All periods presented prior to January 1, 2006 were accounted for in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB No. 25”).  Accordingly, no compensation cost was recognized for fixed stock options prior to January 1, 2006 because the exercise price of the stock options exceeded or equaled the market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant, which is the measurement date.  See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding the implementation of FAS 123R.

 
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On December 31, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans – an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R) (“FAS 158”).  FAS 158 requires an employer to recognize the funded status of each defined benefit post employment plan on the balance sheet.  The funded status of all overfunded plans are aggregated and recognized as a non-current asset on the balance sheet.  The funded status of all underfunded plans are aggregated and recognized as a current liability, a non-current liability, or a combination of both on the balance sheet.  A current liability is the amount by which the actuarial present value of benefits included in the benefit obligation payable in the next 12 months exceeds the fair value of plan assets, and is determined on a plan-by-plan basis.  FAS 158 also requires the measurement date of a plan’s assets and its obligations to be the employer’s fiscal year-end date, for which the Company already complies.  Additionally, FAS 158 requires an employer to recognize changes in the funded status of a defined benefit post employment plan in the year in which the change occurs.  The incremental effect of applying FAS 158 to the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2006 was to increase non-current deferred tax assets by $88.8 million and retirement-related liabilities by $187.3 million and to decrease accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by $98.5 million.  See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding FAS 158.

In June 2006, the FASB issued interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”).  The interpretation prescribes a consistent recognition threshold and measurement attribute, as well as clear criteria for subsequently recognizing, derecognizing and measuring such tax positions for financial statement purposes.  FIN 48 also requires expanded disclosure with respect to the uncertainty in income taxes.  The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007.  As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, the Company recognized a $16.6 million reduction to its January 1, 2007 retained earnings balance.

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“FAS 157”).  FAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  FAS 157 is effective for the Company beginning with its quarter ending March 31, 2008.  The adoption of FAS 157 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“FAS 159”).  FAS 159 allows entities to irrevocably elect to recognize most financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument basis.  The stated objective of FAS 159 is to improve financial reporting by giving entities the opportunity to elect to measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value in order to mitigate earnings volatility caused when related assets and liabilities are measured differently.  FAS 159 is effective for the Company beginning with its quarter ending March 31, 2008.  The adoption of FAS 159 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (Revised 2007), Business Combinations (“FAS 141(R)”).  FAS 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for recognizing identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, goodwill acquired in the combination or the gain from a bargain purchase, and disclosure requirements.  Under this revised statement, all costs incurred to effect an acquisition will be recognized separately from the acquisition.  Also, restructuring costs that are expected but the acquirer is not obligated to incur will be recognized separately from the acquisition.  FAS 141(R) is effective for the Company beginning with its quarter ending March 31, 2009.  The Company is currently assessing the potential impacts, if any, on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements (“FAS 160”).  FAS 160 requires that ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent are clearly identified.  In addition, it requires that the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the income statement.  FAS 160 is effective for the Company beginning with its quarter
 
 
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ending March 31, 2009.  The adoption of FAS 160 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.


QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company’s primary market risks include fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates.  We are also affected by changes in the prices of commodities used or consumed in our manufacturing operations.  Some of our commodity purchase price risk is covered by supply agreements with customers and suppliers.  Other commodity purchase price risk is addressed by hedging strategies, which include forward contracts.  The Company enters into derivative instruments only with high credit quality counterparties and diversifies its positions across such counterparties in order to reduce its exposure to credit losses.  We do not engage in any derivative instruments for purposes other than hedging specific operating risks.

We have established policies and procedures to manage sensitivity to interest rate, foreign currency exchange rate and commodity purchase price risk, which include monitoring the level of exposure to each market risk.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in interest rates.  The Company manages its interest rate risk by balancing its exposure to fixed and variable rates while attempting to minimize its interest costs.  The Company selectively uses interest rate swaps to reduce market value risk associated with changes in interest rates (fair value hedges).  At the end of 2007, the amount of net debt with fixed interest rates was 56.4% of total debt, including the impact of the interest rate swaps.  Our earnings exposure related to adverse movements in interest rates is primarily derived from outstanding floating rate debt instruments that are indexed to floating money market rates.  A 10% increase or decrease in the average cost of our variable rate debt would result in a change in pre-tax interest expense for 2007 of approximately $1.8 million, and $2.1 million in 2006.

We also measure interest rate risk by estimating the net amount by which the fair value of all of our interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities would be impacted by selected hypothetical changes in market interest rates.  Fair value is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis.  Assuming a hypothetical instantaneous 10% change in interest rates as of December 31, 2007, the net fair value of these instruments would increase by approximately $26 million if interest rates decreased and would decrease by approximately $24 million if interest rates increased.  Our interest rate sensitivity analysis assumes a constant shift in interest rate yield curves.  The model, therefore, does not reflect the potential impact of changes in the relationship between short-term and long-term interest rates.  Interest rate sensitivity at December 31, 2006, measured in a similar manner, was slightly less than at December 31, 2007.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

Foreign currency risk is the risk that we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates.  Currently, our most significant currency exposures relate to the British Pound, the Euro, the Hungarian Forint, the Japanese Yen, and the South Korean Won.  We mitigate our foreign currency exchange rate risk principally by establishing local production facilities and related supply chain participants in the markets we serve, by invoicing customers in the same currency as the source of the products and by funding some of our investments in foreign markets through local currency loans and cross currency swaps.  Such non-U.S. Dollar debt was $413.5 million as of December 31, 2007 and $473.4 million as of December 31, 2006.  We also monitor our foreign currency exposure in each country and implement strategies to respond to changing economic and political environments.  In addition, the Company periodically enters into forward currency contracts in order to reduce exposure to exchange rate risk related to transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency.  As of December 31, 2007, the Company was holding foreign exchange derivatives with a positive market value of $1.9 million, all maturing in less than one year.  Derivative contracts with negative value amounted to $(9.9) million, of which $(5.9) million matures in less than one year.

 
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Commodity Price Risk

Commodity price risk is the possibility that we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in the cost of raw materials used in the production of our products.  Commodity forward and option contracts are executed to offset our exposure to the potential change in prices mainly for various non-ferrous metals and natural gas consumption used in the manufacturing of vehicle components.  As of December 31, 2007, the Company had forward and option commodity contracts with a total notional value of $67.3 million.  As of December 31, 2007, the Company was holding commodity derivatives with positive and negative fair market values of $0.1 million and $(18.4) million, respectively, of which $0.1 million in gains and ($14.5) million in losses mature in less than one year.

Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Statements contained in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations may contain forward-looking statements as contemplated by the 1995 Private Securities Litigation Reform Act that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections. Words such as "expects," "anticipates," "intends," "plans," "believes," "estimates," or variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements.  Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and generally beyond the control of the Company, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed, projected or implied in or by the forward-looking statements.  Such risks and uncertainties include: fluctuations in domestic or foreign automotive production, the continued use of outside suppliers, fluctuations in demand for vehicles containing BorgWarner products, general economic conditions, as well as other risks detailed in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the factors identified under Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in its most recently filed annual report on Form 10-K.  The Company does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement.
 
19
 

REPORT OF MANAGEMENT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

The information in this report is the responsibility of management.  BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries (the “Company”) has in place reporting guidelines and policies designed to ensure that the statements and other information contained in this report present a fair and accurate financial picture of the Company.  In fulfilling this management responsibility, we make informed judgments and estimates conforming with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm.

The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting.

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America.  The internal control process includes those policies and procedures that:

·  
Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;

·  
Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and

·  
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Any system of internal control, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations.  Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective may not prevent or detect misstatements and can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007.  In making this assessment, the Company’s management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework.

Based on management’s assessment and those criteria, we believe that, as of December 31, 2007, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective.

Deloitte & Touche LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, who audited the Company’s financial statements included in this Annual Report, and has issued an attestation report appearing in Item 9A on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007.

The Company's Audit Committee, composed entirely of directors of the Company who are not employees, meets periodically with the Company's management and independent registered public accounting firm to review financial results and procedures, internal financial controls and internal and external audit plans and recommendations.  In carrying out these responsibilities, the Audit Committee and the independent registered public accounting firm have unrestricted access to each other with or without the presence of management representatives.


/s/ Timothy M. Manganello
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Robin J. Adams
Executive Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer & Chief Administrative Officer


February 14, 2008
 
20
 


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of BorgWarner Inc.:
Auburn Hills, Michigan

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, cash flows and stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss) for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007.  These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its methods of accounting in 2007 for income taxes as a result of adopting FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, and in 2006 for employee stock-based compensation as a result of adopting SFAS No. 123 (R), Share-Based Payment, and for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans as a result of adopting SFAS No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans.
 
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 14, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
Deloitte & Touche LLP

Detroit, Michigan
February 14, 2008
 
21
 


BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 
millions of dollars, except share and per share amounts
                  
For the Year Ended December 31,
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Net sales
   $ 5,328.6     $ 4,585.4     $ 4,293.8  
Cost of sales
     4,378.7       3,735.5       3,440.0  
   Gross profit
     949.9       849.9       853.8  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
     531.9       498.1       495.9  
Restructuring expense
     -       84.7       -  
Other (income) expense
     (6.8 )     (7.5 )     34.8  
   Operating income
     424.8       274.6       323.1  
Equity in affiliates' earnings, net of tax
     (40.3 )     (35.9 )     (28.2 )
Interest expense and finance charges
     34.7       40.2       37.1  
Earnings before income taxes and minority interest
     430.4       270.3       314.2  
Provision for income taxes
     113.9       32.4       55.1  
Minority interest, net of tax
     28.0       26.3       19.5  
Net earnings
   $ 288.5     $ 211.6     $ 239.6  
                         
Earnings per share - basic
   $ 2.49     $ 1.84     $ 2.11  
                         
Earnings per share - diluted
   $ 2.45     $ 1.83     $ 2.09  
                         
Average shares outstanding (thousands):
                        
   Basic
     116,002       114,806       113,416  
   Diluted
     117,840       115,942       114,796  
                         
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
                  


 
22
 
BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIAIRIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


             
millions of dollars
            
December 31,
  
2007
    
2006
  
ASSETS
            
Cash
   $ 188.5     $ 123.3  
Marketable securities
     14.6       59.1  
Receivables, net
     802.4       744.0  
Inventories, net
     447.6       386.9  
Deferred income taxes
     42.8       33.7  
Prepayments and other current assets
     84.4       90.5  
      Total current assets
     1,580.3       1,437.5  
                 
Property, plant and equipment, net
     1,609.1       1,460.7  
Investments and advances
     255.1       198.0  
Goodwill
     1,168.2       1,086.5  
Other non-current assets
     345.8       401.3  
          Total assets
   $ 4,958.5     $ 4,584.0  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
                
Notes payable and current portion of long-term debt
   $ 63.7     $ 151.7  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
     993.0       843.4  
Income taxes payable
     27.2       39.7  
      Total current liabilities
     1,083.9       1,034.8  
                 
Long-term debt
     572.6       569.4  
Other non-current liabilities:
                
   Retirement-related liabilities
     500.4       660.9  
   Other
     362.6       281.4  
      Total other non-current liabilities
     863.0       942.3  
                 
Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries
     117.9       162.1  
Capital stock:
                
   Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; authorized shares: 5,000,000; none issued
     -        -  
   Common stock, $0.01 par value; authorized shares: 150,000,000;
                
      issued shares: 2007, 117,206,709 and 2006, 115,394,568;
                
      outstanding shares: 2007, 116,128,572 and 2006, 115,386,600
     1.2       0.6  
   Non-voting common stock, $0.01 par value;
                
      authorized shares: 25,000,000; none issued and outstanding
     -       -  
Capital in excess of par value
     943.4       871.1  
Retained earnings
     1,295.9       1,064.1  
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
     127.1       (60.3 )
Common stock held in treasury, at cost: 1,078,137 shares in 2007 and
                
      7,968 shares in 2006
     (46.5 )     (0.1 )
      Total stockholders' equity
     2,321.1       1,875.4  
          Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
   $ 4,958.5     $ 4,584.0  
                 
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
                
 
23
 

BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIAIRIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


millions of dollars
                  
For the Year Ended December 31,
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
                   
OPERATING
                  
Net earnings
   $ 288.5     $ 211.6     $ 239.6  
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash flows from operations:
                        
Non-cash charges (credits) to operations:
                        
   Depreciation and tooling amortization
     243.1       239.1       223.8  
   Amortization of intangible assets and other
     21.5       17.5       31.7  
   Restructuring expense, net of cash paid
     -       79.4       -  
   Gain on sales of businesses, net of tax
     -       (3.6 )     (6.3 )
   Stock option compensation expense
     16.3       12.7       -  
   Deferred income tax benefit
     (29.9 )     (46.4 )     (32.4 )
   Equity in affiliates' earnings, net of dividends received, minority interest and other
     16.0       38.8       7.6  
      Net earnings adjusted for non-cash charges (credits) to operations
     555.5       549.1       464.0  
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestitures:
                        
   Receivables
     (6.2 )     (57.4 )     (79.6 )
   Inventories
     (34.7 )     (32.7 )     (30.1 )
   Prepayments and other current assets
     9.0       (25.2 )     19.9  
   Accounts payable and accrued expenses
     94.2       (8.1 )     137.6  
   Income taxes payable
     (15.1 )     0.5       (61.7 )
   Other non-current assets and liabilities
     0.8       15.9       (53.6 )
      Net cash provided by operating activities
     603.5       442.1       396.5  
                         
INVESTING
                        
Capital expenditures, including tooling outlays
     (293.9 )     (268.3 )     (292.5 )
Payments for businesses acquired, net of cash acquired
     (138.8 )     (63.7 )     (477.2 )
Net proceeds from asset disposals
     17.3       3.6       9.5  
Purchases of marketable securities
     (13.0 )     (41.5 )     (52.3 )
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities
     60.4       28.8       58.2  
Proceeds from sale of businesses
     -       -       54.2  
      Net cash used in investing activities
     (368.0 )     (341.1 )     (700.1 )
                         
FINANCING
                        
Net (decrease) increase in notes payable
     (92.6 )     (27.7 )     136.2  
Additions to long-term debt
     20.0       289.1       168.7  
Repayments of long-term debt
     (29.1 )     (296.6 )     (160.2 )
Payment for purchase of treasury stock
     (47.0 )     -       -  
Proceeds from stock options exercised, net of tax benefit
     46.3       27.1       17.6  
Dividends paid to BorgWarner stockholders
     (39.4 )     (36.7 )     (31.8 )
Dividends paid to minority shareholders
     (17.5 )     (15.1 )     (8.2 )
      Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
     (159.3 )     (59.9 )     122.3  
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
     (11.0 )     (7.5 )     41.3  
Net increase (decrease) in cash
     65.2       33.6       (140.0 )
Cash at beginning of year
     123.3       89.7       229.7  
Cash at end of year
   $ 188.5     $ 123.3     $ 89.7  
                         
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
                        
Net cash paid during the year for:
                        
      Interest
   $ 42.7     $ 45.0     $ 41.5  
      Income taxes
     91.6       83.8       121.5  
Non-cash financing transactions:
                        
      Stock performance plans
   $ 10.0     $ 3.0     $ 2.6  
      Restricted common stock for non-employee directors
     0.3       0.5       0.9  
      Total debt assumed from business acquired
     -       -       30.0  
                         
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
                        

 
 
24
 
BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIAIRIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)


                                               
             
millions of dollars
  
                                               
 
Number of shares
    
Stockholders' equity
  
                                     
Accumulated
        
 
Issued
    
Common
    
Issued
    
Capital in
                
other
        
 
common
    
stock in
    
common
    
excess of
    
Treasury
    
Retained
    
comprehensive
    
Comprehensive
  
 
stock
    
treasury
    
stock
    
par value
    
stock
    
earnings
    
income (loss)
    
income (loss)
  
Balance, January 1, 2005
   112,722,334       (7,968 )   $ 0.6     $ 797.1     $ (0.1 )   $ 681.4     $ 55.2        
   Dividends declared
   -       -       -       -       -       (31.8 )     -        
   Stock incentive plans
   1,425,280       -       -       28.1       -       -       -        
   Executive stock plan
   97,138       -       -       2.6       -       -       -        
   Net issuance of restricted stock,
                                                            
      less amortization
   32,198       -       -       (0.2 )     -       -       -        
   Net earnings
   -       -       -       -       -       239.6       -     $ 239.6  
 Defined benefit post employment plans
   -       -       -       -       -       -       (30.3 )     (30.3 )
   Net unrealized gain (loss) on
                                                              
     available-for-sale securities
   -       -       -       -       -       -       (0.3 )     (0.3 )
   Currency translation and hedge
                                                              
     instruments adjustments
   -       -       -       -       -       -       (97.7 )     (97.7 )
Balance, December 31, 2005
   114,276,950       (7,968 )   $ 0.6     $ 827.6     $ (0.1 )   $ 889.2     $ (73.1 )   $ 111.3  
   Dividends declared
   -       -       -       -       -       (36.7 )     -          
   Stock option expense
   -       -       -       12.7       -       -       -          
   Stock incentive plans
   994,372       -       -       27.1       -       -       -          
   Executive stock plan
   100,550       -       -       3.0       -       -       -          
   Net issuance of restricted stock,
                                                              
      less amortization
   22,696       -       -       0.7       -       -       -          
   Net earnings
   -       -       -       -       -       211.6       -     $ 211.6  
   FAS 158 incremental effect
   -       -       -       -       -       -       (98.5 )        
 Defined benefit post employment plans
   -       -       -       -       -       -       18.1       18.1  
   Net unrealized gain (loss) on
                                                              
     available-for-sale securities
   -       -       -       -       -       -       1.8       1.8  
   Currency translation and hedge
                                                              
      instruments adjustments
   -       -       -       -       -       -       91.4       91.4  
Balance, December 31, 2006
   115,394,568       (7,968 )   $ 0.6     $ 871.1     $ (0.1 )   $ 1,064.1     $ (60.3 )   $ 322.9  
   Dividends declared
   -       -       -       -       -       (39.4 )                
   Stock split
   -       -       0.6       -       -       (0.6 )     -          
   Stock option expense
   -       -       -       16.3       -       -       -          
   Stock incentive plans
   1,725,339       19,083       -       45.7       0.6       (0.1 )     -          
   Executive stock plan
   78,170       -       -       10.0       -       -       -          
   Net issuance of restricted stock,
                                                              
      less amortization
   8,632       -       -       0.3       -       -       -          
  Purchases of treasury stock
   -       (1,089,252 )     -       -       (47.0 )     -       -          
   FIN 48 adoption
   -       -       -       -       -       (16.6 )     -          
   Net earnings
   -       -       -       -       -       288.5       -     $ 288.5  
 Defined benefit post employment plans
   -       -       -       -       -       -       70.6       70.6  
Net unrealized gain (loss) on
  available-for-sale securities
  
- 
       -        -        -        -        -        (0.1 )      (0.1 ) 
   Currency translation and
                                                              
      hedge instruments adjustments
   -       -       -       -       -       -       116.9       116.9  
Balance, December 31, 2007
   117,206,709       (1,078,137 )   $ 1.2     $ 943.4     $ (46.5 )   $ 1,295.9     $ 127.1     $ 475.9  
                                                               
See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
                                                  
 
25
 

 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INTRODUCTION

BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries (the “Company”) is a leading global supplier of highly engineered systems and components primarily for powertrain applications.  These products are manufactured and sold worldwide, primarily to original equipment manufacturers of passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, crossover vehicles, trucks, commercial transportation products and industrial equipment and to certain Tier One vehicle systems suppliers.  The Company’s products fall into two reporting segments:  Engine and Drivetrain.

NOTE 1
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The following paragraphs briefly describe the Company’s significant accounting policies.

Use of estimates  The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions.  These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Concentrations of risk  Cash is maintained with several financial institutions.  Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits.  Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and are maintained with financial institutions of reputable credit and therefore bear minimal risk.

The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its suppliers and customers and, with the exception of certain financing transactions, does not require collateral from its customers.  The Company’s customers are primarily original equipment manufacturers of passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, crossover vehicles, trucks, commercial transportation products and industrial equipment.

Some automotive parts suppliers continue to experience commodity cost pressures and the effects of industry overcapacity.  These factors have increased pressure on the industry's supply base, as suppliers cope with higher commodity costs, lower production volumes and other challenges.  The Company receives certain of its raw materials from sole suppliers or a limited number of suppliers.  The inability of a supplier to fulfill supply requirements of the Company could materially affect future operating results.

Principles of consolidation  The Consolidated Financial Statements include all majority-owned subsidiaries.  All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Revenue recognition  The Company recognizes revenue when title and risk of loss pass to the customer, which is usually upon shipment of product.  Although the Company may enter into long-term supply agreements with its major customers, each shipment of goods is treated as a separate sale and the price is not fixed over the life of the agreements.

Cash Cash is valued at fair market value.  It is the Company's policy to classify all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less as cash.

Marketable securities  Marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale.  These investments are stated at fair value with any unrealized holding gains or losses, net of tax, included as a component of stockholders’ equity until realized.

See Note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on marketable securities.

Accounts receivable  The Company securitizes and sells certain receivables through third party financial institutions without recourse.  The amount sold can vary each month based on the amount of underlying receivables.  The maximum size of the facility has been set at $50 million since fourth quarter 2003.

During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, total cash proceeds from sales of accounts receivable were $600 million.  The Company paid servicing fees related to these receivables of $2.9 million, $2.7 million and $1.8 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  These amounts are recorded in interest expense and finance
 
 
26
 
charges in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company had sold $50 million of receivables under a Receivables Transfer Agreement for face value without recourse.

Inventories  Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market.  Cost of U.S. inventories is determined by the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) method, while the foreign operations use the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) or average-cost methods.  Inventory held by U.S. operations was $135.9 million and $122.1 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.  Such inventories, if valued at current cost instead of LIFO, would have been greater by $13.5 million in 2007 and $12.4 million in 2006.

See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on inventories.
 
Pre-production costs related to long-term supply arrangements Engineering, research and development, and other design and development costs for products sold on long-term supply arrangements are expensed as incurred unless the Company has a contractual guarantee for reimbursement from the customer.  Costs for molds, dies and other tools used to make products sold on long-term supply arrangements for which the Company either has title to the assets or has the non-cancelable right to use the assets during the term of the supply arrangement are capitalized in property, plant and equipment.  Capitalized items specifically designed for a supply arrangement are amortized to cost of sales over the shorter of the term of the arrangement or over the estimated useful lives of the assets, typically 3 to 5 years.  Carrying values of assets capitalized according to the foregoing policy are reviewed for impairment when events and circumstances warrant such a review.  Costs for molds, dies and other tools used to make products sold on long-term supply arrangements for which the Company has a contractual guarantee for lump sum reimbursement from the customer are capitalized in prepayments and other current assets.

Property, plant and equipment and depreciation Property, plant and equipment are valued at cost less accumulated depreciation.  Expenditures for maintenance, repairs and renewals of relatively minor items are generally charged to expense as incurred.  Renewals of significant items are capitalized.  Depreciation is computed generally on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets.  Useful lives for buildings range from 15 to 40 years and useful lives for machinery and equipment range from 3 to 12 years.  For income tax purposes, accelerated methods of depreciation are generally used.

See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on property, plant and equipment and depreciation.

Impairment of long-lived assets  The Company reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets, whether held for use or disposal, including other intangible assets, when events and circumstances warrant such a review. This review is performed using estimates of future cash flows.  If the carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired, an impairment charge is recorded for the amount by which the carrying value of the long-lived asset exceeds its fair value. Management believes that the estimates of future cash flows and fair value assumptions are reasonable; however, changes in assumptions underlying these estimates could affect the evaluations.  Long-lived assets held for sale are recorded at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.  Significant judgments and estimates used by management when evaluating long-lived assets for impairment include: (i) an assessment as to whether an adverse event or circumstance has triggered the need for an impairment review; and  (ii) undiscounted future cash flows generated by the asset.  The Company recognized $56.4 million in impairment of long-lived assets in 2006 as part of the restructuring expenses.

See Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding the 2006 impairment of long-lived assets.

Goodwill and other intangible assets  Under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill is no longer amortized; however, it must be tested for impairment at least annually.  In the fourth quarter of each year, or when events and circumstances warrant such a review, the Company reviews the goodwill of all of its reporting units for impairment.  The fair value of the Company’s businesses used in the determination of goodwill impairment is computed using the expected present value of associated future cash flows.  This review requires the Company to make significant assumptions and
 
 
27
 
estimates about the extent and timing of future cash flows, discount rates and growth rates.  The cash flows are estimated over a significant future period of time, which makes those estimates and assumptions subject to an even higher degree of uncertainty.  The Company also utilizes market valuation models and other financial ratios, which require the Company to make certain assumptions and estimates regarding the applicability of those models to its assets and businesses.  The Company believes that the assumptions and estimates used to determine the estimated fair values of each of its reporting units are reasonable.  However, different assumptions could materially affect the estimated fair value.  The Company recognized a $0.2 million goodwill impairment in 2006 related to the Drivetrain segment as a result of the analysis it performed in December 2006.

See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on goodwill and other intangibles.

Product warranty  The Company provides warranties on some of its products.  The warranty terms are typically from one to three years.  Provisions for estimated expenses related to product warranty are made at the time products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency, and average cost of warranty claim settlements as well as product manufacturing and industry developments and recoveries from third parties.  Management actively studies trends of warranty claims and takes action to improve product quality and minimize warranty claims.  Management believes that the warranty accrual is appropriate; however, actual claims incurred could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to the accrual.  The accrual is represented in both current and non-current liabilities on the balance sheet.

See Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on product warranties.

Other loss accruals and valuation allowances  The Company has numerous other loss exposures, such as customer claims, workers’ compensation claims, litigation, and recoverability of assets.   Establishing loss accruals or valuation allowances for these matters requires the use of estimates and judgment in regard to the risk exposure and ultimate realization.  The Company estimates losses under the programs using consistent and appropriate methods; however, changes to its assumptions could materially affect its recorded accrued liabilities for loss or asset valuation allowances.

Derivative financial instruments  The Company recognizes that certain normal business transactions generate risk.  Examples of risks include exposure to exchange rate risk related to transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency, changes in cost of major raw materials and supplies, and changes in interest rates.  It is the objective and responsibility of the Company to assess the impact of these transaction risks, and offer protection from selected risks through various methods including financial derivatives. Virtually all derivative instruments held by the Company are designated as hedges, have high correlation with the underlying exposure and are highly effective in offsetting underlying price movements.  Accordingly, gains and losses from changes in qualifying hedge fair values are matched with the underlying transactions.  All hedge instruments are carried at their fair value based on quoted market prices for contracts with similar maturities.  The Company does not engage in any derivative transactions for purposes other than hedging specific risks.

See Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on derivative financial instruments.

Foreign currency The financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated to U.S. Dollars using the period-end exchange rate for assets and liabilities and an average exchange rate for each period for revenues, expenses, and capital expenditures.  The local currency is the functional currency for substantially all the Company’s foreign subsidiaries.  Translation adjustments for foreign subsidiaries are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity.  The Company recognizes transaction gains and losses arising from fluctuations in currency exchange rates on transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency in earnings as incurred, except for those transactions which hedge purchase commitments and for those intercompany balances which are designated as long-term investments.  Net income
 
 
28
 
included foreign currency transaction gains of $4.4 million, $1.6 million and $1.3 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

See Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on other comprehensive income (loss).

New Accounting Pronouncements  On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“FAS 123R”), which required the Company to measure all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and record the related expense in the financial statements.  The Company elected to use the modified prospective transition method, which requires that compensation cost be recognized in the financial statements for all awards granted after the date of adoption as well as for existing awards for which the requisite service has not been rendered as of the date of adoption and requires that prior periods not be restated.  All periods presented prior to January 1, 2006 were accounted for in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB No. 25”).  Accordingly, no compensation cost was recognized for fixed stock options prior to January 1, 2006 because the exercise price of the stock options exceeded or equaled the market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant, which is the measurement date.  See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding the implementation of FAS 123R.

On December 31, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans – an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R) (“FAS 158”).  FAS 158 requires an employer to recognize the funded status of each defined benefit post employment plan on the balance sheet.  The funded status of all overfunded plans are aggregated and recognized as a non-current asset on the balance sheet.  The funded status of all underfunded plans are aggregated and recognized as a current liability, a non-current liability, or a combination of both on the balance sheet.  A current liability is the amount by which the actuarial present value of benefits included in the benefit obligation payable in the next 12 months exceeds the fair value of plan assets, and is determined on a plan-by-plan basis.  FAS 158 also requires the measurement date of a plan’s assets and its obligations to be the employer’s fiscal year-end date, for which the Company already complies.  Additionally, FAS 158 requires an employer to recognize changes in the funded status of a defined benefit post employment plan in the year in which the change occurs.  The incremental effect of applying FAS 158 to the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2006 was to increase non-current deferred tax assets by $88.8 million and retirement-related liabilities by $187.3 million and to decrease accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by $98.5 million.  See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding FAS 158.

In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (“FIN 48”).  FIN 48 prescribes a consistent recognition threshold and measurement attribute, as well as clear criteria for subsequently recognizing, derecognizing and measuring such tax positions for financial statement purposes.  FIN 48 also requires expanded disclosure with respect to the uncertainty in income taxes.  The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007.  As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, the Company recognized a $16.6 million reduction to its January 1, 2007 retained earnings balance.

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (“FAS 157”).  FAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  FAS 157 is effective for the Company beginning with its quarter ending March 31, 2008.  The adoption of FAS 157 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“FAS 159”).  FAS 159 allows entities to irrevocably elect to recognize most financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value on an instrument-by-instrument basis.  The stated objective of FAS 159 is to improve financial reporting by giving entities the opportunity to elect to measure
 
 
29
 
certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value in order to mitigate earnings volatility caused when related assets and liabilities are measured differently.  FAS 159 is effective for the Company beginning with its quarter ending March 31, 2008.  The adoption of FAS 159 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (Revised 2007), Business Combinations (“FAS 141(R)”).  FAS 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for recognizing identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, goodwill acquired in the combination or the gain from a bargain purchase, and disclosure requirements.  Under this revised statement, all costs incurred to effect an acquisition will be recognized separately from the acquisition.  Also, restructuring costs that are expected but the acquirer is not obligated to incur will be recognized separately from the acquisition.  FAS 141(R) is effective for the Company beginning with its quarter ending March 31, 2009.  The Company is currently assessing the potential impacts, if any, on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements (“FAS 160”).  FAS 160 requires that ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent are clearly identified.  In addition, it requires that the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the income statement.  FAS 160 is effective for the Company beginning with its quarter ending March 31, 2009.  The adoption of FAS 160 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.


NOTE 2
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS

The following table presents the Company’s gross and net expenditures on research and development (“R&D”) activities:
 
                   
millions of dollars
                  
Year Ended December 31,
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Gross R&D expenditures
   $ 246.7     $ 219.5     $ 194.3  
Customer reimbursements
     (35.9 )     (31.8 )     (33.3 )
Net R&D expenditures
   $ 210.8     $ 187.7     $ 161.0  
                         

The Company’s net R&D expenditures are included in the selling, general, and administrative expenses of the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  Customer reimbursements are netted against gross R&D expenditures upon billing of services performed.  The Company has contracts with several customers at the Company’s various R&D locations.  No such contract exceeded $6 million in any of the years presented.

NOTE 3
OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE

Items included in other (income) expense consist of:

millions of dollars
                  
Year Ended December 31,
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Interest income
   $ (6.7 )   $ (3.2 )   $ (4.2 )
Net gain on sale of businesses
     -       (4.8 )     (4.7 )
Net loss (gain) on asset disposals
     0.6       1.0       (1.4 )
Crystal Springs related settlement (Note 14)
     -       -       45.5  
Other
     (0.7 )     (0.5 )     (0.4 )
    Total other (income) expense
   $ (6.8 )   $ (7.5 )   $ 34.8  
 
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NOTE 4
INCOME TAXES
 
Earnings before income taxes and the provision for income taxes are presented in the following table.


millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Year Ended December 31,
  
U.S.
    
Non-U.S.
    
Total
    
U.S.
    
Non-U.S.
    
Total
    
U.S.
    
Non-U.S.
    
Total
  
Earnings before taxes
   $ 48.4     $ 382.0     $ 430.4     $ (27.2 )   $ 297.5     $ 270.3     $ 46.8     $ 267.4     $ 314.2  
Provision for income taxes:
                                                                        
  Current:
                                                                        
    Federal/foreign
     36.6       106.2       142.8       (11.1 )     87.7       76.6       (10.0 )     94.6       84.6  
    State
     1.0       -       1.0       2.2       -       2.2       2.9       -       2.9  
  Total current
     37.6       106.2       143.8       (8.9 )     87.7       78.8       (7.1 )     94.6       87.5  
  Deferred
     (10.0 )     (19.9 )     (29.9 )     (27.4 )     (19.0 )     (46.4 )     (17.9 )     (14.5 )     (32.4 )
Total provision for income taxes
   $ 27.6     $ 86.3     $ 113.9     $ (36.3 )   $ 68.7     $ 32.4     $ (25.0 )   $ 80.1     $ 55.1  
Effective tax rate
     57.0 %     22.6 %     26.5 %     (133.5 )%     23.1 %     12.0 %     (53.4 )%     30.0 %     17.5 %
                                                                         

The provision for income taxes resulted in an effective tax rate for 2007 of 26.5% compared with rates of 12.0% in 2006 and 17.5% in 2005.  The effective tax rate of 26.5% for 2007 differs from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to: a) foreign rates which differ from those in the U.S.; b) realization of certain business tax credits including R&D and foreign tax credits; c) other permanent items, including equity in affiliates’ earnings and Medicare prescription drug benefit; d) the tax effects of other miscellaneous dispositions; e) the change of tax accrual accounts upon conclusion of certain tax audits; and f) adjustments to various tax accounts, including changes in tax laws, primarily in Europe.  If the effects of the tax accrual changes, the other miscellaneous dispositions, the adjustments to tax accounts and the changes in tax laws are not taken into account, the Company's effective tax rate associated with its on-going business operations was 27.1%.  This rate was higher than the 2006 tax rate for on-going operations of 26.0% primarily due to changes in the mix of global pre-tax income and changes in tax rates among taxing jurisdictions.

The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”), on January 1, 2007.  This interpretation clarifies what criteria must be met prior to recognition of the financial statement benefit, in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, of a position taken in a tax return.  As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, the Company recognized a $16.6 million increase in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits, which was accounted for as a reduction to the January 1, 2007 balance of retained earnings.  At January 1, 2007, the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits was $50.5 million.  Included in the balance at January 1, 2007 are $43.1 million of tax positions that are permanent in nature and, if recognized, would reduce the effective tax rate.  However, the Company’s federal, certain state and non-U.S. income tax returns are currently under various stages of audit by applicable tax authorities and the amounts ultimately paid, if any, upon resolution of the issues raised by the taxing authorities may differ from the amounts accrued for each year.  As noted below, the Company is currently under an Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) examination for the years 2002-2004.

In the fourth quarter of 2007, the IRS issued Form 870 for the agreed upon assessments related to the Company’s U.S. income tax returns for the years 2002 through 2004 in which the IRS proposed certain adjustments to the Company’s income tax positions.  Based on the issuance of this document, the Company updated its analysis of various uncertain income tax positions identified at January 1, 2007.
 
Following is a reconciliation of the Company’s total gross unrecognized tax benefits for the year-to-date period ended December 31, 2007.  Of the total $71.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits, approximately $62.5 million of this total represents the amount that, if recognized, would affect the Company’s effective income
 
 
31
 
 
tax rate in future periods.  This amount differs from the gross unrecognized tax benefits presented in the table due to the decrease in the U.S. federal income taxes which would occur upon recognition of the state tax benefits included therein.
       
millions of dollars
      
Balance, January 1, 2007
   $ 50.5  
Additions based on tax positions related to current year
     1.2  
Additions for tax positions of prior years
     20.0  
Reductions for tax positions of prior years
     -  
Settlements
     -  
Lapses in statutes of limitation
     -  
Balance, December 31, 2007
   $ 71.7  

In the first quarter of 2008, the Company made a $6.6 million cash payment to the IRS to resolve agreed upon issues of the ongoing IRS examination of the Company’s 2002-2004 tax years.  There was no reduction in the unrecognized tax benefits balance since the liability existed at December 31, 2007 and the audit is not effectively settled.  The Company also intends to initiate an appeal in 2008 on disputed issues, which is not expected to be resolved by December 31, 2008.  In first quarter 2008, there will be a reduction of approximately $6.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits due to the settlement of the agreed upon issues primarily related to the Extraterritorial Income Exclusion for the 2002-2004 tax years.  Other possible changes in the unrecognized tax benefits balance related to other examinations cannot be reasonably estimated within the next 12 months.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.  The Company had $5.3 million accrued at January 1, 2007 for the payment of any such interest and penalties.  The Company had approximately $9.7 million for the payment of interest and penalties accrued at December 31, 2007.

The Company or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, and various states and foreign jurisdictions.  The Company is no longer subject to income tax examinations by tax authorities in its major tax jurisdictions as follows:


 
Years No Longer
Tax Jurisdiction
Subject to Audit
 U.S. Federal
 2001 and prior
 Brazil
 2002 and prior
 France
 2003 and prior
 Germany
 2002 and prior
 Hungary
 2004 and prior
 Italy
 2001 and prior
 Japan
 2006 and prior
 South Korea
 2004 and prior
 United Kingdom
 2004 and prior

In certain tax jurisdictions the Company may have more than one taxpayer.  The table above reflects the status of the major taxpayers in each major tax jurisdiction.

 
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The analysis of the variance of income taxes as reported from income taxes computed at the U.S. statutory rate for consolidated operations is as follows:
 

millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Income taxes at U.S. statutory rate of 35%
   $ 150.6     $ 94.6     $ 110.0  
Increases (decreases) resulting from:
                        
   Income from non-U.S. sources including withholding taxes
     (12.3 )     (8.8 )     (11.0 )
   State taxes, net of federal benefit
     (0.6 )     (1.5 )     1.7  
   Business tax credits, net
     (8.6 )     (1.0 )     (4.2 )
   Affiliates' earnings
     (13.1 )     (11.3 )     (9.6 )
   Accrual adjustment and settlement of prior year tax matters
     24.6       (22.9 )     (26.7 )
   Changes in tax laws
     (24.2 )     (10.4 )     -  
   Medicare prescription drug benefit
     (2.1 )     (3.8 )     (2.6 )
   Capital loss limitation, net
     -       5.7       (3.5 )
   Restructuring
     -       (5.0 )     -  
   Non-temporary differences and other
     (0.4 )     (3.2 )     1.0  
Provision for income taxes as reported
   $ 113.9     $ 32.4     $ 55.1  
 
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In July 2007, the government of the United Kingdom enacted a statutory income tax rate reduction from 30% to 28%, effective April 1, 2008.  In August 2007, the government of Germany enacted a federal statutory income tax rate reduction from 38% to 28%, effective January 1, 2008.
 
Following are the gross components of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2007 and 2006:


millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
Current deferred tax assets:
            
   Foreign tax credits
   $ -     $ 2.0  
   Employee related
     15.5       16.5  
   Inventory
     5.6       2.8  
   Warranties
     2.8       3.3  
   Litigation & environmental
     1.2       3.8  
   Net operating loss carryforwards
     0.6       2.9  
   Derivatives
     4.5       (0.4 )
   Accrued interest
     0.9       1.0  
   Other
     11.0       2.3  
Total current deferred tax assets
   $ 42.1     $ 34.2  
                 
Current deferred tax liabilities:
                
   Employee related
   $ (1.4 )   $ -  
   Other
     (1.9 )     (0.9 )
Total current deferred tax liabilities
   $ (3.3 )   $ (0.9 )
                 
Non-current deferred tax assets:
                
   Pension and other post employment benefits
   $ 102.8     $ 108.9  
   Other comprehensive income
     68.0       121.4  
   Employee related
     16.2       9.3  
   Litigation and environmental
     3.5       3.4  
   Warranties
     6.9       8.3  
   Foreign tax credits
     25.0       23.6  
   Research and development credits
     5.7       14.6  
   Capital loss carryforwards
     19.4       10.9  
   Net operating loss carryforwards
     9.0       10.0  
   Other
     7.0       1.0  
Total non-current deferred tax assets
   $ 263.5     $ 311.4  
                 
Non-current deferred tax liabilities:
                
   Fixed assets
   $ (127.5 )   $ (171.6 )
   Goodwill & intangibles
     (80.8 )     (39.5 )
   Other comprehensive income
     (1.5 )     (3.5 )
   Lease obligation - production equipment
     (5.0 )     (6.0 )
   Other
     (1.7 )     (4.9 )
Total non-current deferred tax liabilities
   $ (216.5 )   $ (225.5 )
                 
         Total
   $ 85.8     $ 119.2  
         Valuation allowances
     (24.0 )     (17.0 )
Net deferred tax asset
   $ 61.8     $ 102.2  
 
 
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The deferred tax assets and liabilities recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:

 
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
Deferred income taxes - current assets
   $ 42.8     $ 33.7  
Deferred income taxes - current liabilities
     (3.3 )     (0.4 )
Other non-current assets
     124.4       176.9  
Other non-current liabilities
     (102.1 )     (108.0 )
   Net deferred tax asset (current and non-current)
   $ 61.8     $ 102.2  

The deferred income taxes – current assets are primarily comprised of amounts from the U.S., France, India, Japan, Mexico and the U.K.  The deferred income taxes – current liabilities are primarily comprised of amounts from Germany.  The other non-current assets are primarily comprised of amounts from the U.S. and Korea.  The other non-current liabilities are primarily comprised of amounts from Germany, Hungary, Italy, Monaco and the U.K.

The Company has a U.S. capital loss carryforward of $52.4 million, which will expire in 2010, 2011 and 2012.  A valuation allowance of $16.8 million has been recorded for the tax effect of some of this loss carryforward.

The foreign tax credits of $25.0 million will expire beginning in 2012 through 2016.  The R&D tax credits of $5.7 million will expire beginning in 2023 through 2027.  The Company also has deferred tax assets for minimum tax credits of $1.1 million, which can be carried forward indefinitely.

At December 31, 2007, certain non-U.S. subsidiaries have net operating loss carryforwards totaling $41.7 million that are available to offset future taxable income.  Carryforwards of $20.2 million expire at various dates from 2009 through 2016 and the balance has no expiration date.  A valuation allowance of $7.2 million has been recorded for the tax effect on $21.6 million of the loss carryforwards.  Any benefit resulting from the utilization of $5.6 million of the operating loss carryforwards will be applied to reduce goodwill related to the BERU acquisition.

No deferred income taxes have been provided on the excess of the amount for financial reporting over the tax basis of investments in foreign subsidiaries or foreign equity affiliates totaling $1,064.5 million in 2007, as these amounts are essentially permanent in nature.  The excess amount will become taxable upon repatriation of assets, sale, or liquidation of the investment.  It is not practicable to determine the unrecognized deferred tax liability on the excess amount because the actual tax liability on the excess amount, if any, is dependent on circumstances existing when remittance occurs.
 
NOTE 5
MARKETABLE SECURITIES

As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company had $14.6 million and $59.1 million, respectively, of highly liquid investments in marketable securities, primarily bank notes.  The securities are carried at fair value with the unrealized gain or loss, net of tax, reported in other comprehensive income.  As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, $7.3 million and $45.5 million of the contractual maturities are within one to five years and $7.3 million and $13.6 million are due beyond five years, respectively.  The Company does not intend to hold these investments until maturity; rather, they are available to support current operations if needed.  Gross proceeds from sales of marketable securities were $37.0 million and $29.4 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively.  Net realized losses of $0.1 million and net realized gains of $0.6 million, based on specific identification of securities sold, have been reported in other income for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
35
 

NOTE 6
BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION
 
Detailed balance sheet data are as follows:

millions of dollars
            
December 31,
  
2007
    
2006
  
Receivables:
            
   Customers
     $ 721.9     $ 666.0  
   Other
       85.7       85.8  
      Gross receivables
       807.6       751.8  
   Bad debt allowance (a)
     (5.2 )     (7.8 )
      Net receivables
     $ 802.4     $ 744.0  
Inventories:
                  
   Raw material and supplies
   $ 246.7     $ 207.4  
   Work in progress
       99.8       100.0  
   Finished goods
       114.6       91.9  
   FIFO inventories
       461.1       399.3  
   LIFO reserve
       (13.5 )     (12.4 )
      Net inventories
     $ 447.6     $ 386.9  
Other current assets:
                  
   Product liability insurance receivable
   $ 20.1     $ 23.3  
   Prepaid tax
       2.2       14.5  
   Prepaid insurance
       1.4       1.4  
   Other
       60.7       51.3  
      Total other current assets
   $ 84.4     $ 90.5  
Property, plant and equipment:
                
   Land
     $ 46.3     $ 43.6  
   Buildings
       558.6       508.7  
   Machinery and equipment
     1,806.1       1,687.8  
   Capital leases
       1.1       1.1  
   Construction in progress
     143.4       112.8  
      Total property, plant and equipment
     2,555.5       2,354.0  
      Accumulated depreciation
     (1,037.9 )     (988.4 )
        1,517.6       1,365.6  
   Tooling, net of amortization
     91.5       95.1  
         Property, plant & equipment, net
   $ 1,609.1     $ 1,460.7  
                   
Investments and advances:
                
   Investment in equity affiliates
   $ 211.3     $ 178.9  
   Other investments and advances
     43.8       19.1  
      Total investments and advances
   $ 255.1     $ 198.0  
                   
Other non-current assets:
                
   Deferred pension assets
   $ 28.8     $ 60.4  
   Product liability insurance receivable
     19.5       16.6  
   Deferred income taxes, net
     124.4       176.9  
   Other intangible assets
     139.4       120.4  
   Other
       33.7       27.0  
      Total other non-current assets
   $ 345.8     $ 401.3  
                   
Accounts payable and accrued expenses:
          
   Trade payables
     $ 626.3     $ 534.7  
   Payroll and related
       148.8       113.2  
   Environmental
       7.7       11.2  
   Product liability
       20.1       23.3  
   Product warranties
       34.7       34.6  
   Insurance
       11.9       10.7  
   Customer related
       27.0       12.9  
   Interest
       10.3       11.7  
   Dividends payable to minority shareholders
     10.9       10.9  
   Retirement related
       38.0       38.5  
   Current deferred income taxes, net
     3.3       0.4  
   Other
       54.0       41.3  
      Total accounts payable and accrued expenses
   $ 993.0     $ 843.4  
Other non-current liabilities:
                
   Environmental
     $ 7.8     $ 8.8  
   Product warranties
       35.4       25.4  
   Deferred income taxes, net
     102.1       108.0  
   Product liability accrual
     19.5       16.6  
   Self-insurance
       7.0       8.7  
   Lease residual value
       6.0       6.0  
   Employee costs
       7.6       8.5  
   Cross currency swaps
     33.7       5.5  
   Deferred revenue
       23.6       21.2  
   Other
       119.9       72.7  
      Total other non-current liabilities
   $ 362.6     $ 281.4  

 
 
36
 
(a) Bad debt allowance:
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
        Beginning balance
   $ (7.8 )   $ (8.3 )   $ (10.9 )
        Acquisitions
     -       (0.1 )     (3.0 )
        Provision
     0.3       (0.8 )     (2.4 )
        Write-offs
     3.0       2.0       6.8  
        Currency translation
     (0.7 )     (0.6 )     1.2  
        Ending balance
   $ (5.2 )   $ (7.8 )   $ (8.3 )
 
37
 


Interest costs capitalized during 2007 and 2006 were $9.6 million and $8.5 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, accounts payable of $45.8 million and $36.0 million, respectively, were related to property, plant and equipment purchases.  As of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, specific assets of $16.5 million and $21.3 million, respectively, were pledged as collateral under certain of the Company’s long-term debt agreements.

NSK-Warner

The Company has a 50% interest in NSK-Warner, a joint venture based in Japan that manufactures automatic transmission components.  The Company's share of the earnings or losses reported by NSK-Warner is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.  NSK-Warner has a fiscal year-end of March 31.  The Company's equity in the earnings of NSK-Warner consists of the 12 months ended November 30 so as to reflect earnings on as current a basis as is reasonably feasible.  NSK-Warner is the joint venture partner with a 40% interest in the Drivetrain Group’s South Korean subsidiary, BorgWarner Transmission Systems Korea Inc.  Dividends received from NSK-Warner were $15.7 million, $41.1 million and $12.7 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.

Following are summarized financial data for NSK-Warner, translated using the ending or periodic rates as of and for the years ended November 30, 2007, 2006 and 2005 (unaudited):


millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Balance sheets:
                  
   Current assets
   $ 304.6     $ 256.8     $ 236.7  
   Non-current assets
     164.3       136.8       168.7  
   Current liabilities
     148.8       128.6       120.8  
   Non-current liabilities
     22.9       19.7       18.4  
Statements of operations:
                        
   Net sales
   $ 552.1     $ 535.4     $ 471.8  
   Gross profit
     122.7       111.6       94.5  
   Net income
     69.4       54.7       55.6  

The equity of NSK-Warner as of November 30, 2007 was $297.1 million, there was no debt and their cash and securities were $111.2 million.

Purchases from NSK-Warner for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 were $24.2 million, $23.0 million and $25.4 million, respectively.

Investment in Business Held for Sale

On March 11, 2005, the Company completed the sale of its holdings in AGK for $57.0 million to Turbo Group GmbH.  BorgWarner Europe Inc. acquired the stake in AGK, a turbomachinery company, from Penske Corporation in 1997.  Since that time, AGK was treated as an unconsolidated subsidiary of the Company and recorded in “Investment in business held for sale” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.   The investment was carried on a cost basis, with dividends received from AGK applied against the carrying value of the asset.  The proceeds, net of closing costs, were approximately $54.2 million, resulting in a pre-tax gain of approximately $10.1 million on the sale.  In 2006, the Company recognized an additional $4.8 million as a gain from this previous divestiture.

 
38
 
NOTE 7
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES
 
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the twelve months ended December 31, 2005, 2006 and 2007 are as follows:


millions of dollars
      
Balance at January 1, 2005
   $ 860.8  
BERU acquisition - 69.4%
     204.7  
Translation adjustment
     (35.7 )
Balance at December 31, 2005
   $ 1,029.8  
Goodwill impairment
     (0.2 )
ETEC acquisition
     21.9  
Translation adjustment
     35.0  
Balance at December 31, 2006
   $ 1,086.5  
BERU acquisition - 12.8%
     48.7  
Translation adjustment
     33.0  
Balance at December 31, 2007
   $ 1,168.2  
         

The Company’s other intangible assets, primarily from acquisitions, are valued based on independent appraisals and consist of the following:
 

   
December 31, 2007
    
December 31, 2006
  
   
Gross
          
Net
    
Gross
          
Net
  
   
Carrying
    
Accumulated
    
Carrying
    
Carrying
    
Accumulated
    
Carrying
  
millions of dollars
  
Amount
    
Amortization
    
Amount
    
Amount
    
Amortization
    
Amount
  
Amortized intangible assets
                                    
    Patented technology
   $ 13.8     $ 2.9     $ 10.9     $ 10.5     $ 1.8     $ 8.7  
    Unpatented technology
     6.5       1.5       5.0       5.7       0.7       5.0  
    Customer relationships
     100.8       22.9       77.9       80.0       12.6       67.4  
    Distribution network
     45.6       23.2       22.4       34.8       13.9       20.9  
    Miscellaneous
     14.7       11.9       2.8       14.7       11.9       2.8  
Total amortized intangible assets
     181.4       62.4       119.0       145.7       40.9       104.8  
        Unamortized trade names
     20.4       -       20.4       15.6       -       15.6  
Total intangible assets
   $ 201.8     $ 62.4     $ 139.4     $ 161.3     $ 40.9     $ 120.4  

Amortization of other intangible assets was $21.5 million, $17.5 million and $31.7 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The amortization totals include non-recurring charges directly attributable to acquisitions, as described in Note 19.  The estimated useful lives of the Company’s amortized intangible assets range from 4 to 12 years.  The Company utilizes the straight line method of amortization, recognized over the estimated useful lives of the assets.  The estimated future annual amortization expense, primarily for acquired intangible assets, is as follows: $21.2 million in 2008, $20.8 million in 2009, $13.2 million in 2010, $13.2 million in 2011 and $13.0 million in 2012.

 
 
39
 
A roll-forward of the gross carrying amounts for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 is presented below:
             
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
Beginning balance
   $ 161.3     $ 124.9  
    Acquisitions
     25.0       22.8  
    Translation adjustment
     15.5       13.6  
Ending balance
   $ 201.8     $ 161.3  

A roll-forward of accumulated amortization for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 is presented below:
 
             
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
Beginning balance
   $ 40.9     $ 25.2  
    Provisions
     19.4       17.5  
    Non-recurring charges
     (2.1 )     (3.5 )
    Translation adjustment
     4.2       1.7  
Ending balance
   $ 62.4     $ 40.9  

NOTE 8
PRODUCT WARRANTY

The changes in the carrying amount of the Company’s total product warranty liability for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 were as follows:


millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
Beginning balance
   $ 60.0     $ 44.0  
   Acquisition
     -       0.1  
   Provisions
     60.7       36.8  
   Payments
     (54.9 )     (26.4 )
   Translation adjustment
     4.3       5.5  
Ending balance
   $ 70.1     $ 60.0  

Contained within the 2007 provision is approximately $14 million for a warranty-related issue surrounding a product, built during a 15-month period in 2004 and 2005, that is no longer in production.

The product warranty liability is classified in the consolidated balance sheets as follows:
             
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
   $ 34.7     $ 34.6  
Other non-current liabilities
     35.4       25.4  
    Total product warranty liability
   $ 70.1     $ 60.0  
 
40
 

NOTE 9
NOTES PAYABLE AND LONG-TERM DEBT

Following is a summary of notes payable and long-term debt.  The weighted average interest rate on all borrowings outstanding as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 was 5.4% and 4.9%, respectively.
 
                         
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
December 31,
  
Current
    
Long-Term
    
Current
    
Long-Term
  
Bank borrowings and other
   $ 30.0     $ 6.0     $ 131.8     $ 5.9  
Term loans due through 2013 (at an average rate of
                                
   4.0% in 2007 and 3.0% in 2006)
     33.7       18.8       19.9       23.1  
5.75% Senior Notes due 11/01/16, net of unamortized discount (a)
     -       149.1       -       149.0  
6.50% Senior Notes due 02/15/09, net of unamortized discount (a)
     -       136.5       -       136.4  
8.00% Senior Notes due 10/01/19, net of unamortized discount (a)
     -       133.9       -       133.9  
7.125% Senior Notes due 02/15/29, net of unamortized discount
     -       119.2       -       119.2  
Carrying amount of notes payable and long-term debt
     63.7       563.5       151.7       567.5  
Impact of derivatives on debt
     -       9.1       -       1.9  
Total notes payable and long-term debt
   $ 63.7     $ 572.6     $ 151.7     $ 569.4  
                                 
(a) The Company entered into several interest rate swaps, which have the effect of converting $325.0 million of these fixed rate notes to variable rates as of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006. The weighted average effective interest rates for these borrowings, including the effects of outstanding swaps as noted in Note 10, were 5.0% and 4.5% as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
  


Annual principal payments required as of December 31, 2007 are as follows (in millions of dollars):

2008
   $ 63.7  
2009
     149.5  
2010
     3.5  
2011
     4.9  
2012
     1.8  
After 2012
     415.5  
   Total Payments
   $ 638.9  
Less: Unamortized Discounts
     (2.6 )
   Total
   $ 636.3  

The Company has a multi-currency revolving credit facility, which provides for borrowings up to $600 million through July 2009.  At December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 there were no outstanding borrowings under the facility.  The credit agreement is subject to the usual terms and conditions applied by banks to an investment grade company.  The Company was in compliance with all covenants at December 31, 2007 and expects to be compliant in future periods.  At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company had outstanding letters of credit of $22.0 million and $27.0 million, respectively.  The letters of credit typically act as a guarantee of payment to certain third parties in accordance with specified terms and conditions.

 
41
 
As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the estimated fair values of the Company’s senior unsecured notes totaled $572.4 million and $572.7 million, respectively.  The estimated fair values were $33.7 million higher in 2007 and $34.2 million higher in 2006 than their respective carrying values.  Fair market values are developed by the use of estimates obtained from brokers and other appropriate valuation techniques based on information available as of year-end.  The fair value estimates do not necessarily reflect the values the Company could realize in the current markets.

NOTE 10
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company’s financial instruments include cash, marketable securities, trade receivables, trade payables, and notes payable.  Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, the book value approximates fair value.  The Company’s financial instruments also include long-term debt, interest rate and currency swaps, commodity swap contracts, and foreign currency forward contracts.  All derivative contracts are placed with counterparties that have a credit rating of “A-” or better.

The Company manages its interest rate risk by balancing its exposure to fixed and variable rates while attempting to minimize its interest costs.  The Company selectively uses interest rate swaps to reduce market value risk associated with changes in interest rates (fair value hedges).  The Company also selectively uses cross-currency swaps to hedge the foreign currency exposure associated with our net investment in certain foreign operations (net investment hedges).
 
A summary of these instruments outstanding at December 31, 2007 follows (currency in millions):
     
Notional
    
 
Hedge Type
  
Amount
  
Maturity    (a)
Interest rate swaps
          
Fixed to floating
Fair value
   $ 100  
February 15, 2009
Fixed to floating
Fair value
   $ 150  
November 1, 2016
Fixed to floating
Fair value
   $ 75  
October 1, 2019
             
Cross currency swap
            
Floating $ to floating €
Net Investment
   $ 100  
February 15, 2009
Floating $ to floating ¥
Net Investment
   $ 150  
November 1, 2016
Floating $ to floating €
Net Investment
   $ 75  
October 1, 2019
             
(a) The maturity of the swaps corresponds with the maturity of the hedged item as noted in the debt summary, unless otherwise indicated.

Effectiveness for interest rate and cross currency swaps is assessed at the inception of the hedging relationship.  If specified criteria for the assumption of effectiveness are not met at hedge inception, effectiveness is assessed quarterly.  Ineffectiveness is measured quarterly and results are recognized in earnings.


As of December 31, 2007, the fair values of the fixed to floating interest rate swaps were recorded as a non-current asset of $9.1 million and a corresponding increase in long-term debt of $9.1 million.  As of December 31, 2006, the fair values of the fixed to floating interest rate swaps were recorded as a non-current asset of $1.9 million and a corresponding increase in long-term debt of $1.9 million.  No hedge ineffectiveness was recognized in relation to fixed to floating swaps.  Fair values are based on quoted market prices for contracts with similar maturities.

As of December 31, 2007, the fair values of the cross currency swaps were recorded as a non-current liability of $33.7 million.  As of December 31, 2006, the fair values of the cross currency swaps were recorded as a non-current asset of $1.7 million and a non-current liability of $5.5 million.  Hedge ineffectiveness of $1.6 million was recognized as of December 31, 2007 in relation to cross currency swaps.  Fair values are based on quoted market prices for contracts with similar maturities.

 
42
 
The Company also entered into certain commodity derivative instruments to protect against commodity price changes related to forecasted raw material and supplies purchases.  The primary purpose of the commodity price hedging activities is to manage the volatility associated with these forecasted purchases.  The Company primarily utilizes forward and option contracts, which are designated as cash flow hedges.  As of December 31, 2007, the Company had forward and option commodity contracts with a total notional value of $67.3 million.  As of December 31, 2007, the Company was holding commodity derivatives with positive and negative fair market values of $0.1 million and $(18.4) million, respectively, of which $0.1 million in gains and $(14.5) million in losses mature in less than one year.  To the extent that derivative instruments are deemed to be effective as defined by FAS 133, gains and losses arising from these contracts are deferred in other comprehensive income.  Such gains and losses will be reclassified into income as the underlying operating transactions are realized.  Gains and losses not qualifying for deferral treatment have been credited/charged to income as they are recognized.  As of December 31, 2006, the Company had forward and option commodity contracts with a total notional value of $19.1 million.  The fair market values of the forward contracts were negative ($2.0) million, of which $(1.9) million in losses mature in less than one year.  Gains and losses not qualifying for deferral associated with these contracts for December 31, 2007 were $(0.1) million.  At December 31, 2006, losses not qualifying for deferral were $(0.1) million.

The Company uses foreign exchange forward and option contracts to protect against exchange rate movements for forecasted cash flows for purchases, operating expenses or sales transactions designated in currencies other than the functional currency of the operating unit.  Most contracts mature in less than one year, however, certain long-term commitments are covered by forward currency arrangements to protect against currency risk through 2009.  Foreign currency contracts require the Company, at a future date, to either buy or sell foreign currency in exchange for the operating units’ local currency.  At December 31, 2007, contracts were outstanding to buy or sell British Pounds Sterling, Euros, Hungarian Forints, Japanese Yen, Mexican Pesos, South Korean Won, Indian Rupee and U.S. Dollars.  To the extent that derivative instruments are deemed to be effective as defined by FAS 133, gains and losses arising from these contracts are deferred in other comprehensive income.  Such gains and losses will be reclassified into income as the underlying operating transactions are realized.  Any gains or losses not qualifying for deferral are credited/charged to income as they are recognized.  As of December 31, 2007, the Company was holding foreign exchange derivatives with a positive market value of $1.9 million, all maturing in less than one year.  Derivative contracts with negative value amounted to $(9.9) million, of which $(5.9) million matures in less than one year.  As of December 31, 2006, the Company was holding foreign exchange derivatives with a positive market value of $5.1 million, of which $4.5 million matures in less than one year.  Derivatives contracts with negative value amounted to $(0.1) million, all maturing in less than one year.  As of December 31, 2007, there were no gains or losses which did not qualify for deferral.  As of December 31, 2006, gains not qualifying for deferral amounted to $0.7 million.

NOTE 11
RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

The Company sponsors various defined contribution savings plans primarily in the U.S. that allow employees to contribute a portion of their pre-tax and/or after-tax income in accordance with plan specified guidelines.  Under specified conditions, the Company will make contributions to the plans and/or match a percentage of the employee contributions up to certain limits.  Total expense related to the defined contribution plans was $23.7 million in 2007 and 2006 and $23.1 million in 2005.

The Company has a number of defined benefit pension plans and other post employment benefit plans covering eligible salaried and hourly employees and their dependents.  The defined pension benefits provided are primarily based on (i) years of service and (ii) average compensation or a monthly retirement benefit amount. 
 
 
43
 
The Company provides defined benefit pension plans in the U.S., U.K., Germany, Japan, South Korea, Italy, France and Mexico.  The other post employment benefit plans, which provide medical and life insurance benefits, are unfunded plans.  The pension and other post employment benefit plans in the U.S. have been closed to new employees since 1995.  The measurement date for all plans is December 31.

In September 2007, the Company made changes to its U.S. retiree medical program that impact certain non-union active employees with a future retiree benefit and current retirees participating in a health care plan.  These changes will become effective on January 1, 2009.  The effect of the changes to both groups is that most members will pay a higher percentage of the annual premium for Company-sponsored retiree medical coverage between ages 60 to 64, and neither group will receive Company-sponsored Medicare Supplemental coverage once entitled to Medicare.  Instead, certain active employees will receive a lump sum credit into a non-contributory cash balance pension plan earning interest each year.  Current retirees will receive an annual per member allowance toward the purchase of individual Medicare Supplemental coverage and for reimbursement of medical out-of-pocket expenses.

Effective April 1, 2006, a subsidiary of the Company, BorgWarner Diversified Transmission Products Inc. (“DTP”), changed its retiree medical benefits program to provide certain participating retirees with continued access to group health coverage while reducing its subsidy of the program.  DTP has filed a declaratory judgment action to affirm its right to adjust the benefit.  Litigation over the right to adjust retiree benefits is commonplace.  DTP believes it is within its right to adjust the benefit under the plans, and that it will be successful in the declaratory judgment action, although there can be no guarantee of success in any litigation.

This plan change (negative amendment) is being amortized over the average remaining service life to retirement eligibility of active plan participants.

During fourth quarter 2006, the Company evaluated the competitiveness of its North American facilities, as well as its long-term capacity needs.  As a result, the Company will be closing the drivetrain plant in Muncie, Indiana and has adjusted the carrying values of other assets, primarily related to its four-wheel drive transfer case product line.  One of the impacts of this fourth quarter restructuring was the Company’s recognition of a $6.8 million pension curtailment expense.  See Note 18 for further details on the Company’s 2006 restructuring activities.

The following table summarizes the expenses for the Company’s defined contribution and defined benefit pension plans and the other post employment defined benefit plans.
 

millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Defined contribution expense
   $ 23.7     $ 23.7     $ 23.1  
Defined benefit pension expense
     45.5       24.1       17.6  
Other post employment benefit expense
     (3.5 )     47.2       48.8  
   Total
   $ 65.7     $ 95.0     $ 89.5  
 
44
 

The following provides a reconciliation of the plans’ benefit obligations, plan assets, funded status and recognition in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

   
Pension benefits
    
 
  
   
2007
    
2006
    
 Other post employment benefits
  
millions of dollars
  
US
    
Non-US
    
US
    
Non-US
    
2007
    
2006
  
Change in projected benefit obligation:
                                    
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year
   $ 305.1     $ 344.9     $ 316.1     $ 299.9     $ 513.6     $ 679.9  
Service cost
     2.0       10.9       2.5       12.8       5.5       10.8  
Interest cost
     18.2       15.9       16.7       14.1       28.2       31.0  
Plan participants' contributions
     -       0.3       -       0.3       -       -  
Plan amendments
     -       0.2       -       -       (49.7 )     (66.5 )
Curtailment/settlement (gain) loss
     37.1       (4.7 )     4.4       -       (46.4 )     -  
Actuarial (gain) loss
     (11.1 )     (34.0 )     (9.5 )     (7.9 )     (44.5 )     (105.4 )
Currency translation
     -       16.8       -       36.8       -       -  
Other
     -       0.8       -       2.6       -       -  
Benefits paid
     (24.4 )     (16.0 )     (25.1 )     (13.7 )     (33.6 )     (36.2 )
Projected benefit obligation at end of year
   $ 326.9     $ 335.1     $ 305.1     $ 344.9     $ 373.1     $ 513.6  
                                                 
Change in plan assets:
                                                
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
   $ 349.6     $ 175.0     $ 332.6     $ 138.9                  
Actual return on plan assets
     13.1       12.5       42.1       11.0                  
Employer contribution
     0.2       12.2       -       17.5                  
Plan participants' contribution
     -       0.3       -       0.3                  
Currency translation
     -       3.0       -       19.3                  
Other
     -       -       -       1.7                  
Benefits paid
     (24.4 )     (16.0 )     (25.1 )     (13.7 )                
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
   $ 338.5     $ 187.0     $ 349.6     $ 175.0                  
                                                 
Funded status
   $ 11.6     $ (148.1 )   $ 44.5     $ (169.9 )   $ (373.1 )   $ (513.6 )
                                                 
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated
                                                
   Balance Sheets consist of:
                                                
Non-current assets
   $ 28.5     $ 0.3     $ 60.3     $ 0.1     $ -     $ -  
Current liabilities
     -       (5.7 )     -       (4.8 )     (32.3 )     (33.7 )
Non-current liabilities
     (16.9 )     (142.7 )     (15.8 )     (165.2 )     (340.8 )     (479.9 )
Net amount recognized
   $ 11.6     $ (148.1 )   $ 44.5     $ (169.9 )   $ (373.1 )   $ (513.6 )
                                                 
Amounts recognized in accumulated other
                                                
   comprehensive loss consist of:
                                                
Net actuarial loss
   $ 72.2     $ 17.0     $ 68.8     $ 54.5     $ 158.8     $ 230.2  
Net prior service cost (credit)
     0.2       0.2       0.2       -       (104.8 )     (72.9 )
Net transition obligation
     -       0.3       -       0.3       -       -  
Net amount recognized
   $ 72.4     $ 17.5     $ 69.0     $ 54.8     $ 54.0     $ 157.3  
                                                 
Total accumulated benefit obligation for all plans
   $ 326.9     $ 322.4     $ 305.1     $ 327.1                  
                                                 
 
45
 

 
The funded status of pension plans included above with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets at December 31 is as follows:

             
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
Accumulated benefit obligation
   $ (542.9 )   $ (555.0 )
Plan assets
     390.2       387.0  
      Deficiency
   $ (152.7 )   $ (168.0 )
                 
Pension deficiency by country:
                
   United States
   $ (16.9 )   $ (15.8 )
   United Kingdom
     (7.0 )     (19.7 )
   Germany
     (111.1 )     (115.4 )
   Other
     (17.7 )     (17.1 )
      Total pension deficiency
   $ (152.7 )   $ (168.0 )

The weighted average asset allocations of the Company’s funded pension plans at December 31, 2007 and 2006, and target allocations by asset category are as follows:


               
Target
  
   
2007
    
2006
    
Allocation
  
U.S. Plans:
                  
Cash, real estate and other
     10 %     12 %     0-15 %
Fixed income securities
     36       32       25-45  
Equity securities
     54       56       45-65  
      100 %     100 %        
                         
                         
Non-U.S. Plans:
                        
Cash, real estate and other
     5 %     2 %     0-10 %
Fixed income securities
     35       34       30-40  
Equity securities
     60       64       60-70  
      100 %     100 %        

The Company’s investment strategy is to maintain actual asset weightings within a preset range of target allocations.  The Company believes these ranges represent an appropriate risk profile for the planned benefit payments of the plans based on the timing of the estimated benefit payments.  Within each asset category, separate portfolios are maintained for additional diversification.  Investment managers are retained within each asset category to manage each portfolio against its benchmark.  Each investment manager has appropriate investment guidelines.  In addition, the entire portfolio is evaluated against a relevant peer group.  The defined benefit pension plans did not hold any Company securities as investments as of December 31, 2007 and 2006.  A portion of pension assets are invested in common and comingled trusts.

The Company expects to contribute a total of $10 million to $20 million into all of its defined benefit pension plans during 2008.

 
46
 
See the table below for a breakout between U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans:

millions of dollars
  
Pension benefits
  
 
        
For the year ended December 31,
2007
    
2006
  
2005
    
Other Post Employment Benefits
  
   
US
    
Non-US
    
US
    
Non-US
    
US
    
Non-US
    
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
                                                      
Service cost
   $ 2.0     $ 10.9     $ 2.5     $ 12.8     $ 2.6     $ 12.1     $ 5.5     $ 10.8     $ 7.9  
Interest cost
     18.2       15.9       16.7       14.1       16.9       13.7       28.2       31.0       30.6  
Expected return on plan assets
     (29.6 )     (13.2 )     (28.4 )     (10.9 )     (28.0 )     (8.1 )     -       -       -  
Settlements, curtailments and other
     37.1       0.7       6.8       -       -       -       (33.9 )     -       -  
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost (benefit)
     -       -        0.9       0.1       1.1       0.3       (17.7 )     (15.8 )     (2.4 )
Amortization of unrecognized loss
     2.0       1.5       6.4       2.6       4.7       2.3       14.4       21.2       12.7  
Other
     -       -        -       0.5       -       -       -       -       -  
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)
   $ 29.7     $ 15.8     $ 4.9     $ 19.2     $ (2.7 )   $ 20.3     $ (3.5 )   $ 47.2     $ 48.8  


The estimated net loss for the defined benefit pension plans that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year is $2.1 million.  The estimated net loss and prior service credit for the other post employment plans that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year are $10.8 million and $(21.5) million, respectively.

The Company’s weighted-average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations for its defined benefit pension and other post employment plans as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 were as follows:

 
percent
  
2007
    
2006
  
U.S. pension plans:
            
   Discount rate
     6.50       5.94  
   Rate of compensation increase
     3.50       3.50  
                 
U.S. other post employment plans:
                
   Discount rate
     6.50       6.00  
   Rate of compensation increase
     N/A       N/A  
                 
Non-U.S. pension plans:
                
   Discount rate
     5.42       4.68  
   Rate of compensation increase
     3.10       2.95  
 
47
 

The Company’s weighted-average assumptions used to determine the net periodic benefit cost (benefit) for its defined benefit pension and other post employment benefit plans for the three years ended December 31, 2007 were as follows:

percent
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
U.S. pension plans
                  
   Discount rate
     5.94       5.50       5.75  
   Rate of compensation increase
     3.50       3.50       3.50  
   Expected return on plan assets
     8.75       8.75       8.75  
                         
U.S. other post employment plans
                        
   Discount rate
     6.00       5.50       5.75  
   Rate of compensation increase
     N/A       N/A       N/A  
   Expected return on plan assets
     N/A       N/A       N/A  
                         
Non-U.S. pension plans
                        
   Discount rate
     4.68       4.43       5.04  
   Rate of compensation increase
     2.95       2.95       3.36  
   Expected return on plan assets
     7.09       7.10       6.63  

The Company’s approach to establishing the discount rate is based upon the market yields of high-quality corporate bonds, with appropriate consideration of each plan’s defined benefit payment terms and duration of the liabilities.  The discount rate assumption is typically rounded up or down to the nearest 25 basis points for each plan.

The Company determines its expected return on plan asset assumptions by evaluating estimates of future market returns and the plans’ asset allocation.  The Company also considers the impact of active management of the plans’ invested assets.  The Company’s expected return on assets assumption reflects the asset allocation of each plan.  The Company’s assumed long-term rate of return on assets for its U.S. pension plans was 8.75% for 2007, 2006 and 2005.  The Company does not anticipate a change in the long-term rate of return on U.S. pension plan assets for 2008.  The Company’s assumed long-term rate of return on assets for its U.K. pension plan was 7.25% for 2007 and 2006 and 6.75% for 2005.  The Company does not anticipate a change in the long-term rate of return on U.K. pension plan assets for 2008.

The estimated future benefit payments for the pension and other post employment benefits are as follows:
 
   
Pension Benefits
    
Other Post Employment Benefits
  
               
w/o Medicare
    
With Medicare
  
millions of dollars
          
Part D
    
Part D
  
Year
  
U.S.
    
Non-U.S.
    
Reimbursements
    
Reimbursements
  
2008
   $ 23.9     $ 14.4     $ 35.4     $ 32.3  
2009
     27.9       15.6       34.2       32.3  
2010
     28.1       15.0       36.3       34.4  
2011
     27.8       15.2       36.9       34.9  
2012
     27.6       16.0       36.3       34.3  
2013-2017
     130.4       92.5       167.1       156.5  
 
48
 

The weighted-average rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health care benefits is projected to be 7.25% and 8.75% in 2008 for pre-65 and post-65 participants, respectively, decreasing to 5% by the year 2011.  A one-percentage point change in the assumed health care cost trend would have the following effects:

   
One Percentage Point
  
millions of dollars
  
Increase
    
Decrease
  
             
Effect on other post employment benefit obligation
   $ 27.4     $ (23.7 )
                 
Effect on total service and interest cost components
   $ 2.2     $ (1.9 )
                 

NOTE 12
STOCK INCENTIVE PLANS

On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“FAS 123R”), which required the Company to measure all employee stock-based compensation awards using a fair value method and record the related expense in the financial statements.  The Company elected to use the modified prospective transition method, which requires that compensation cost be recognized in the financial statements for all awards granted after the date of adoption as well as for existing awards for which the requisite service has not been rendered as of the date of adoption and requires that prior periods not be restated.  All periods presented prior to January 1, 2006 were accounted for in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB No. 25”).  Accordingly, no compensation cost was recognized for fixed stock options prior to January 1, 2006 because the exercise price of the stock options exceeded or equaled the market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant, which is the measurement date.

Under the Company’s 1993 Stock Incentive Plan, the Company granted options to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at the fair market value on the date of grant.  The options vest over periods up to three years and have a term of ten years from date of grant.  As of December 31, 2003, there were no options available for future grants under the 1993 plan.  The 1993 plan expired at the end of 2003 and was replaced by the Company’s 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, which was amended at the Company’s 2006 Annual Stockholders Meeting, among other things, to increase the number of shares available for issuance under the plan.  Under the BorgWarner Inc. Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (“2004 Stock Incentive Plan”), the number of shares authorized for grant is 10,000,000.  As of December 31, 2007, there were a total of 6.3 million outstanding options under the 1993 and 2004 Stock Incentive Plans.  As of December 31, 2007, there are 2.8 million shares available for future issuance under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan.

Stock option compensation expense reduced income before income taxes and net earnings by $16.3 million and $11.9 million ($0.10 per basic and diluted share) and by $12.7 million and $9.4 million ($0.08 per basic and diluted share) for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.  Stock option compensation expense affected both operating activities ($16.3 million and $12.7 million non-cash charge backs) and financing activities ($4.4 million and $3.3 million tax benefits) of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock options at December 31, 2007 is approximately $21.0 million.  This cost is expected to be recognized over the next 2.3 years.  On a weighted average basis, this cost is expected to be recognized over 0.9 year.

 
49
 
The following table illustrates the effect on the Company’s net earnings and net earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, for the applicable prior period presented:


       
millions, except per share amounts
  
2005
  
Net earnings as reported
   $ 239.6  
         
Add:  Stock-based employee compensation expense included in net earnings, net of income tax
     5.5   
         
Deduct:  Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair value based method for all awards, net of income tax
     (12.2 ) 
  
        
Pro forma net earnings
   $ 232.9  
         
Earnings per share:
        
    Basic - as reported
   $ 2.11  
    Basic - pro forma
   $ 2.05  
         
    Diluted - as reported
   $ 2.09  
    Diluted - pro forma
   $ 2.03  
 
 
 

A summary of the plans’ shares under option at December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 is as follows:
               
 
  
         
Weighted
    
Weighted Average
    
Aggregate
  
         
Average
    
Remaining
    
Intrinsic
  
   
Shares
    
Exercise
    
Contractual
    
Value
  
   
(thousands)
    
Price
    
Life (in years)
    
(in millions)
  
                         
Outstanding at January 1, 2005
     5,990     $ 16.62              
   Granted
     1,936       29.04              
   Exercised
     (1,426 )     13.02           $ 22.3  
   Forfeited
     (82 )     15.72                
Outstanding at December 31, 2005
     6,418     $ 21.21       8.1       58.5  
                                 
   Granted
     1,708       29.09                  
   Exercised
     (994 )     16.33               13.6  
   Forfeited
     (190 )     25.00                  
Outstanding at December 31, 2006
     6,942     $ 23.74       7.8       40.1  
                                 
   Granted
     1,816       34.95                  
   Exercised
     (1,744 )     20.52               36.4  
   Forfeited
     (683 )     24.48                  
Outstanding at December 31, 2007
     6,331     $ 27.75       7.7       130.8  
                                 
Options exerciseable at December 31, 2007
     2,296     $ 21.04       6.1     $ 62.8  
 
50
 

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2007:


     
Options outstanding
    
Options exercisable
  
           
Weighted-average
                    
Range of
    
Number outstanding
    
remaining contractual
    
Weighted-average
    
Number exercisable
    
Weighted-average
  
exercise prices
    
(thousands)
    
life (years)
    
exercise price
    
(thousands)
    
exercise price
  
$ 8.17 - 9.90       88       2.4     $ 9.10       88     $ 9.10  
$ 12.07 - 16.52       733       4.7     $ 14.19       733     $ 14.19  
$ 22.15 - 34.95       5,510       8.2     $ 29.85       1,475     $ 25.16  
          6,331       7.7     $ 27.75       2,296     $ 21.04  

The weighted average fair value at date of grant for options granted during 2007, 2006, and 2005 were $10.52, $8.91 and $7.32, respectively, and were estimated using the Black-Scholes options pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:


   
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Risk-free interest rate
     4.82 %     5.04 %     4.07 %
Dividend yield
     0.97 %     1.10 %     1.09 %
Volatility factor
     28.64 %     29.06 %     27.02 %
Weighted average expected life
  
4.7 years
    
4.8 years
    
4.0 years
  
                         

The expected lives of the awards are based on historical exercise patterns and the terms of the options.  The risk-free interest rate is based on zero coupon Treasury bond rates corresponding to the expected life of the awards.  The expected volatility assumption was derived by referring to changes in the Company’s historical common stock prices over the same timeframe as the expected life of the awards.  The expected dividend yield of stock is based on the Company’s historical dividend yield.  The Company has no reason to believe that the expected dividend yield or the future stock volatility is likely to differ from historical patterns.

Restricted Stock  Under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, the Company issues restricted shares of common stock to its non-employee directors that vest and become unrestricted shares ratably at the end of each year from the date of grant over a period of three years.  The market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant determines the value of the restricted stock.  The value of the awards is recorded as unearned compensation within capital in excess of par value in stockholders’ equity, and is amortized as compensation expense over the restriction periods.  The Company recognized compensation expense of $0.6 million, $0.6 million and $0.2 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, related to restricted stock.

 
51
 
A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested restricted stock at December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 follows:
   
 
  
   
Shares Subject to
    
Weighted
  
   
Restriction
    
Average
  
   
(thousands)
    
Price
  
             
Nonvested at January 1, 2005
     12.8     $ 22.28  
   Granted
     32.2       29.04  
   Vested
     (5.6 )     22.28  
Nonvested at December 31, 2005
     39.4     $ 27.81  
                 
   Granted
     22.7       29.09  
   Vested
     (21.6 )     27.62  
   Forfeited
     (3.8 )     29.09  
Nonvested at December 31, 2006
     36.7     $ 28.58  
                 
   Granted
     8.6       38.24  
   Vested
     (17.8 )     28.05  
Nonvested at December 31, 2007
     27.5     $ 31.95  


Stock Compensation Plans  The 2004 Stock Incentive Plan provides for awarding of performance shares to members of senior management at the end of successive three-year periods based on the Company's performance in terms of total shareholder return relative to a peer group of automotive companies.  Awards earned are payable 40% in cash and 60% in the Company's common stock.  The amounts expensed under the plan and the share issuances for the three-year measurement periods ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 were as follows:

   
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Expense ($ millions)
   $ 17.1     $ 2.2     $ 8.8  
Number of shares*
     197,052       78,170       100,550  
                         
* Shares are issued in February of the following year.
  

NOTE 13
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:

 
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net
   $ 252.4     $ 96.5  
Market value of hedge instruments, net
     (38.9 )     0.1  
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net
     1.4       1.5  
Defined benefit post employment plans, net
     (87.8 )     (158.4 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
   $ 127.1     $ (60.3 )
 
52
 

The changes in the components of other comprehensive income (loss) in the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity are as follows:


millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Foreign currency translation adjustments
   $ 155.9     $ 94.2     $ (97.4 )
Market value change of hedge instruments
     (56.7 )     (4.4 )     (1.1 )
Income taxes
     17.7       1.6       0.8  
    Net foreign currency translation and hedge instruments adjustment    
     116.9       91.4       (97.7 )
                         
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities
     (0.1 )     1.9       (0.4 )
Income taxes
     -       (0.1 )     0.1  
   Net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities
     (0.1 )     1.8       (0.3 )
                         
Defined benefit post employment plans
     133.2       28.9       (45.7 )
Income taxes
     (62.6 )     (10.8 )     15.4  
     Net defined benefit post employment plans
     70.6       18.1       (30.3 )
                         
Other comprehensive income (loss)
   $ 187.4     $ 111.3     $ (128.3 )

 
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NOTE 14
CONTINGENCIES

In the normal course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are parties to various commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints, including matters involving warranty claims, intellectual property claims, general liability and various other risks.  It is not possible to predict with certainty whether or not the Company and its subsidiaries will ultimately be successful in any of these commercial and legal matters or, if not, what the impact might be.  The Company’s environmental and product liability contingencies are discussed separately below.  The Company’s management does not expect that the results of these commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Environmental

The Company and certain of its current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, subsidiaries and divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and certain state environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) at various hazardous waste disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“Superfund”) and equivalent state laws and, as such, may presently be liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 34 such sites.  Responsibility for clean-up and other remedial activities at a Superfund site is typically shared among PRPs based on an allocation formula.

The Company believes that none of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.  Generally, this is because either the estimates of the maximum potential liability at a site are not large or the liability will be shared with other PRPs, although no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of any such matter.

Based on information available to the Company (which in most cases includes: an estimate of allocation of liability among PRPs; the probability that other PRPs, many of whom are large, solvent public companies, will fully pay the cost apportioned to them; currently available information from PRPs and/or federal or state environmental agencies concerning the scope of contamination and estimated remediation and consulting costs; remediation alternatives; estimated legal fees; and other factors), the Company has established an accrual for indicated environmental liabilities with a balance at December 31, 2007 of $14.5 million.  Excluding the Crystal Springs site discussed below for which $4.9 million has been accrued, the Company has accrued amounts that do not exceed $3.0 million related to any individual site and management does not believe that the costs related to any of these other individual sites will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.  The Company expects to pay out substantially all of the $14.5 million accrued environmental liability over the next three to five years.

In connection with the sale of Kuhlman Electric Corporation, the Company agreed to indemnify the buyer and Kuhlman Electric for certain environmental liabilities, then unknown to the Company, relating to the past operations of Kuhlman Electric.  The liabilities at issue result from operations of Kuhlman Electric that pre-date the Company’s acquisition of Kuhlman Electric’s parent company, Kuhlman Corporation, in 1999.  During 2000, Kuhlman Electric notified the Company that it discovered potential environmental contamination at its Crystal Springs, Mississippi plant while undertaking an expansion of the plant.  The Company is continuing to work with the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality and Kuhlman Electric to investigate and remediate to the extent necessary, if any, historical contamination at the plant and surrounding area.  Kuhlman Electric and others, including the Company, were sued in numerous related lawsuits, in which multiple claimants alleged personal injury and property damage.  In 2005, the Company and other defendants, including the Company’s subsidiary, Kuhlman Corporation, entered into settlements that resolved approximately 99% of the then known personal injury and property damage claims relating to the alleged environmental contamination.  Those settlements involved payments by the defendants of $28.5 million in the second half of 2005 and $15.7 million in the first quarter of 2006, in exchange for, among other things, dismissal with prejudice of these lawsuits.

 
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In December 2007, a lawsuit was filed against Kuhlman Electric and others, including the Company, on behalf of approximately 209 plaintiffs, alleging personal injury relating to the alleged environmental contamination.  Given the early stage of the litigation, the Company cannot make any prediction as to the outcome but its current intention is to vigorously defend against the suit.

Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations

In March 2005, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 47, Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143 (“FIN 47”), which requires the Company to recognize legal obligations to perform asset retirements in which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the entity.  Certain government regulations require the removal and disposal of asbestos from an existing facility at the time the facility undergoes major renovations or is demolished.  The liability exists because the facility will not last forever, but it is conditional on future renovations (even if there are no immediate plans to remove the materials, which pose no health or safety hazard in their current condition).  Similarly, government regulations require the removal or closure of underground storage tanks (“USTs”) when their use ceases, the disposal of polychlorinated biphenyl (“PCB”) transformers and capacitors when their use ceases, and the disposal of used furnace bricks and liners, and lead-based paint in conjunction with facility renovations or demolition.  The Company currently has 17 manufacturing locations that have been identified as containing these items.  The fair value to remove and dispose of this material has been estimated and recorded at $1.0 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

Product Liability

Like many other industrial companies who have historically operated in the U.S., the Company (or parties the Company is obligated to indemnify) continues to be named as one of many defendants in asbestos-related personal injury actions.  Management believes that the Company’s involvement is limited because, in general, these claims relate to a few types of automotive friction products that were manufactured many years ago and contained encapsulated asbestos.  The nature of the fibers, the encapsulation and the manner of use lead the Company to believe that these products are highly unlikely to cause harm.  As of December 31, 2007, the Company had approximately 42,000 pending asbestos-related product liability claims.  Of these outstanding claims, approximately 32,000 are pending in just three jurisdictions, where significant tort reform activities are underway.

The Company’s policy is to aggressively defend against these lawsuits and the Company has been successful in obtaining dismissal of many claims without any payment.  The Company expects that the vast majority of the pending asbestos-related product liability claims where it is a defendant (or has an obligation to indemnify a defendant) will result in no payment being made by the Company or its insurers.  In 2007, of the approximately 4,400 claims resolved, only 194 (4.4%) resulted in any payment being made to a claimant by or on behalf of the Company.  In 2006, of the approximately 27,000 claims resolved, only 169 (0.6%) resulted in any payment being made to a claimant by or on behalf of the Company.

Prior to June 2004, the settlement and defense costs associated with all claims were covered by the Company’s primary layer insurance coverage, and these carriers administered, defended, settled and paid all claims under a funding arrangement.  In June 2004, primary layer insurance carriers notified the Company of the alleged exhaustion of their policy limits.  This led the Company to access the next available layer of insurance coverage.  Since June 2004, secondary layer insurers have paid asbestos-related litigation defense and settlement expenses pursuant to a funding arrangement.  To date, the Company has paid $30.3 million in defense and indemnity in advance of insurers’ reimbursement and has received $9.7 million in cash from insurers.  The outstanding balance of $20.6 million is expected to be fully recovered.  Timing of the recovery is dependent on final resolution of the declaratory judgment action referred to below.  At December 31, 2006, insurers owed $11.7 million in association with these claims.

 
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At December 31, 2007, the Company has an estimated liability of $39.6 million for future claims resolutions, with a related asset of $39.6 million to recognize the insurance proceeds receivable by the Company for estimated losses related to claims that have yet to be resolved.  Insurance carrier reimbursement of 100% is expected based on the Company’s experience, its insurance contracts and decisions received to date in the declaratory judgment action referred to below.  At December 31, 2006, the comparable value of the insurance receivable and accrued liability was $39.9 million.

 
The amounts recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the estimated future settlement of existing claims are as follows:

             
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
  
Assets:
            
   Prepayments and other current assets
   $ 20.1     $ 23.3  
   Other non-current assets
     19.5       16.6  
      Total insurance receivable
   $ 39.6     $ 39.9  
                 
Liabilities:
                
   Accounts payable and accrued expenses
   $ 20.1     $ 23.3  
   Other non-current liabilities
     19.5       16.6  
      Total accrued liability
   $ 39.6     $ 39.9  

The Company cannot reasonably estimate possible losses, if any, in excess of those for which it has accrued, because it cannot predict how many additional claims may be brought against the Company (or parties the Company has an obligation to indemnify) in the future, the allegations in such claims, the possible outcomes, or the impact of tort reform legislation that may be enacted at the State or Federal levels.

A declaratory judgment action was filed in January 2004 in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois by Continental Casualty Company and related companies (“CNA”) against the Company and certain of its other historical general liability insurers.  CNA provided the Company with both primary and additional layer insurance, and, in conjunction with other insurers, is currently defending and indemnifying the Company in its pending asbestos-related product liability claims.  The lawsuit seeks to determine the extent of insurance coverage available to the Company including whether the available limits exhaust on a “per occurrence” or an “aggregate” basis, and to determine how the applicable coverage responsibilities should be apportioned.  On August 15, 2005, the Court issued an interim order regarding the apportionment matter.  The interim order has the effect of making insurers responsible for all defense and settlement costs pro rata to time-on-the-risk, with the pro-ration method to hold the insured harmless for periods of bankrupt or unavailable coverage.  Appeals of the interim order were denied.  However, the issue is reserved for appellate review at the end of the action.  In addition to the primary insurance available for asbestos-related claims, the Company has substantial additional layers of insurance available for potential future asbestos-related product claims.  As such, the Company continues to believe that its coverage is sufficient to meet foreseeable liabilities.

Although it is impossible to predict the outcome of pending or future claims or the impact of tort reform legislation that may be enacted at the State or Federal levels, due to the encapsulated nature of the products, the Company’s experiences in aggressively defending and resolving claims in the past, and the Company’s significant insurance coverage with solvent carriers as of the date of this filing, management does not believe that asbestos-related product liability claims are likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

NOTE 15
LEASES AND COMMITMENTS

Certain assets are leased under long-term operating leases.  These include production equipment at one plant, rent for the corporate headquarters and an airplane.  Most leases contain renewal options for various
 
 
56
 
periods.  Leases generally require the Company to pay for insurance, taxes and maintenance of the leased property.  The Company leases other equipment such as vehicles and certain office equipment under short-term leases.  Total rent expense was $29.8 million in 2007, $22.4 million in 2006, and $21.9 million in 2005.  The Company does not have any material capital leases.

The Company has guaranteed the residual values of certain leased production equipment at one of its facilities.  The guarantees extend through the maturity of the underlying lease, which is in September 2008.  In the event the Company exercises its option not to purchase the production equipment, the Company has guaranteed a residual value of $12.2 million.  The Company has accrued $6.0 million as an expected loss on this guarantee, which is expected to be paid in 2008.
 
Future minimum operating lease payments at December 31, 2007 were as follows:


millions of dollars
        
2008
   $ 26.7  
(a)
2009
     8.7    
2010
     5.6    
2011
     5.0    
2012
     4.9    
After 2012
     13.7    
Total minimum lease payments
   $ 64.6    
           
(a) 2008 includes $12.2 million for the guaranteed residual value of production equipment with a lease that expires in 2008.

NOTE 16
STOCK SPLIT

On November 14, 2007, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a two-for-one stock split effected in the form of a stock dividend on its common stock.  To implement this stock split, shares of common stock were issued on December 17, 2007 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on December 6, 2007.  All prior year share and per share amounts disclosed in this document have been restated to reflect the two-for-one stock split.

 
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NOTE 17
EARNINGS PER SHARE

Earnings per share of common stock outstanding were computed as follows:


in millions except per share amounts
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
Basic earnings per share:
                  
   Net earnings
   $ 288.5     $ 211.6     $ 239.6  
   Average shares of common stock outstanding
     116.002       114.806       113.416  
   Basic earnings per share of common stock
   $ 2.49     $ 1.84     $ 2.11  
                         
Diluted earnings per share:
                        
   Net earnings
   $ 288.5     $ 211.6     $ 239.6  
   Average shares of common stock outstanding
     116.002       114.806       113.416  
   Effect of dilutive securities
     1.838       1.136       1.380  
   Average shares of common stock outstanding
                        
      including dilutive shares
     117.840       115.942       114.796  
   Diluted earnings per share of common stock
   $ 2.45     $ 1.83     $ 2.09  

NOTE 18
RESTRUCTURING

On September 22, 2006, the Company announced the reduction of its North American workforce by approximately 850 people, or 13%, spread across its 19 operations in the U.S., Canada and Mexico.  In addition to employee related costs of $6.7 million, the Company recorded $4.8 million of asset impairment charges related to the North American restructuring.  The restructuring expenses broken out by segment were as follows:  Engine $7.3 million, Drivetrain $3.6 million and Corporate $0.6 million.

During the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company recorded restructuring expense associated with closing the drivetrain plant in Muncie, Indiana and adjusted the carrying values of other assets primarily related to its four-wheel drive transfer case product line.  Production activity at the Muncie facility is scheduled to cease no later than the expiration of the current labor contract in 2009.  The Company recorded employee related costs of $14.8 million, asset impairments of $51.6 million and pension curtailment expense of $6.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2006.  The expenses broken out by segment were as follows: Engine $5.9 million and Drivetrain $67.3 million.

Estimates of restructuring expense are based on information available at the time such charges are recorded.  Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in estimating restructuring expenses, actual amounts paid for such activities may differ from amounts initially recorded.  Accordingly, the Company may record revisions of previous estimates by adjusting previously established reserves.

 
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The table below summarizes accrual activity for employee related costs related to the Company’s previously announced restructuring actions for the year ended December 31, 2007 (in millions):

   
Employee
  
   
Related Costs
  
Balance at December 31, 2006
   $ 16.2  
   Cash payments
     (6.1 )
Balance at March 31, 2007
     10.1  
   Cash payments
     (0.9 )
Balance at June 30, 2007
     9.2  
   Cash payments
     -  
Balance at September 30, 2007
     9.2  
   Cash payments
     (0.1 )
Balance at December 31, 2007
   $ 9.1  

Future cash payments for these restructuring activities are expected to be complete by the end of 2009.

NOTE 19
RECENT ACQUISITIONS

In the first quarter of 2005, the Company acquired approximately 69.4% of the outstanding shares of BERU, headquartered in Ludwigsburg, Germany, primarily from the Carlyle Group and certain family shareholders at a gross cost of $554.8 million, or $477.2 million net of cash acquired (“the BERU Acquisition”).  BERU is a leading global automotive supplier of: diesel cold starting technology (glow plugs and instant starting systems); gasoline ignition technology (spark plugs and ignition coils); and electronic and sensor technology (tire pressure sensors, diesel cabin heaters and selected sensors).  The operating results of BERU have been reported within the Engine segment from the date of the acquisition.  The Company considers the BERU Acquisition to be material to the results of operations, financial position and cash flows from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2007.

In the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company acquired approximately 12.8% of the outstanding shares of BERU.  The purchase price paid for these shares was $138.8 million, including transaction fees.  In connection with the purchase, the Company recorded fair value of identified intangible assets and beginning inventory of $28.5 million.  Of this total, $2.1 million, net of tax, of in process R&D, order backlog and beginning inventory were immediately written off in the selling, general, and administrative line in the Consolidated Statement of Operations.  Net liabilities of $1.0 million and goodwill of $48.7 million were also recorded.  The Company also recorded a reduction in the minority interest of BERU of $62.6 million.

As the result of the additional purchase of shares, the Company notified the board of BERU in December 2007 that it intends to pursue a Domination and Profit Sharing agreement in 2008, as allowed under the German Securities Trading Act, Section 15.

The Company acquired the ETEC product lines from Eaton as of the close of business for the quarter ended September 30, 2006 for $63.7 million, net of cash acquired.  The operating results of ETEC have been reported within the Drivetrain segment since its acquisition.

NOTE 20
REPORTING SEGMENTS AND RELATED INFORMATION

The Company’s business is comprised of two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain.  These segments are strategic business groups, which are managed separately as each represents a specific grouping of automotive components and systems.  Effective January 1, 2006, the Company assigned an operating facility previously reported in the Engine segment to the Drivetrain segment due to changes in the facility’s product mix.  The Company allocates resources to each segment based upon the projected after-tax return on invested capital
 
 
59
 
(“ROIC”) of its business initiatives.  The ROIC is comprised of projected earnings before interest and income taxes (“EBIT”) adjusted for income taxes compared to the projected average capital investment required.

EBIT is considered a “non-GAAP financial measure.”  Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company’s financial performance, financial position or cash flows that excludes (or includes) amounts that are included in (or excluded from) the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.  EBIT is defined as earnings before interest, income taxes and minority interest.  “Earnings” is intended to mean net earnings as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations under GAAP.

The Company believes that EBIT is useful to demonstrate the operational profitability of its segments by excluding interest and income taxes, which are generally accounted for across the entire Company on a consolidated basis.  EBIT is also one of the measures used by the Company to determine resource allocation within the Company.  Although the Company believes that EBIT enhances understanding of our business and performance, it should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net earnings or cash flows from operations as determined in accordance with GAAP.

The following tables show net sales and segment earnings before interest and income taxes for the Company’s reporting segments.


                                             
Reporting Segments
                                          
     
Net sales
    
Earnings
                  
                       
before
                
Long-lived
  
           
Inter-
          
interest
    
Year-end
  
Depr./
    
asset
  
millions of dollars
  
Customers
    
segment
    
Net
    
and taxes
  
assets (d)
  
amort.
    
expenditures (b)
  
2007
                                            
Engine
   $ 3,729.8     $ 31.5     $ 3,761.3     $ 418.0     $ 3,357.9     $ 148.9     $ 195.6  
Drivetrain
     1,598.8       -       1,598.8       118.1       1,294.2       108.2       103.2  
Inter-segment eliminations
     -       (31.5 )     (31.5 )     -       -       -       -  
         Total
     5,328.6       -       5,328.6       536.1       4,652.1       257.1       298.8  
Corporate(a)
     -       -       -       (71.0 )     306.4       7.5       4.9  
Consolidated
   $ 5,328.6      $ -     $ 5,328.6     $ 465.1     $ 4,958.5     $ 264.6     $ 303.7 (c)
Interest expense and finance charges
                           $ 34.7                          
Earnings before income taxes
                             430.4                          
Provision for income taxes
                             113.9                          
Minority interest, net of tax
                             28.0                          
Net earnings
                           $ 288.5                          
                                                           
                                                           
     
Net sales
    
Earnings
                          
                             
before
                    
Long-lived
  
             
Inter-
            
interest
    
Year-end
  
Depr./
    
asset
  
millions of dollars
  
Customers
    
segment
    
Net
    
and taxes
  
assets (d)
  
amort.
    
expenditures (b)
  
2006
                                                          
Engine
   $ 3,124.0     $ 30.9     $ 3,154.9     $ 365.8     $ 3,103.1     $ 166.7     $ 165.1  
Drivetrain
     1,461.4       -       1,461.4       90.6       1,191.0       84.1       84.7  
Inter-segment eliminations
     -       (30.9 )     (30.9 )     -       -       -       -  
         Total
     4,585.4       -       4,585.4       456.4       4,294.1       250.8       249.8  
Corporate(a)
     -       -       -       (61.2 )     289.9       5.8       12.9  
Consolidated
   $ 4,585.4      $ -     $ 4,585.4     $ 395.2     $ 4,584.0     $ 256.6     $ 262.7 (c)
Restructuring expense
                           $ 84.7                          
Interest expense and finance charges
                             40.2                          
Earnings before income taxes
                           $ 270.3                          
Provision for income taxes
                             32.4                          
Minority interest, net of tax
                             26.3                          
Net earnings
                           $ 211.6                          
                                                           
                                                           
     
Net sales
    
Earnings
                          
                             
before
                    
Long-lived
  
             
Inter-
            
interest
    
Year-end
  
Depr./
    
asset
  
millions of dollars
  
Customers
    
segment
    
Net
    
and taxes
  
assets (d)
  
amort.
    
expenditures (b)
  
2005
                                                          
Engine
   $ 2,820.9     $ 34.5     $ 2,855.4     $ 346.9     $ 2,925.5     $ 170.1     $ 201.3  
Drivetrain
     1,472.9       -       1,472.9       105.2       1,081.8       75.1       76.0  
Inter-segment eliminations
     -       (34.5 )     (34.5 )     -       -       -       -  
         Total
     4,293.8       -       4,293.8       452.1       4,007.3       245.2       277.3  
Corporate(a)
     -       -       -       (55.3 )     82.1       10.3       19.5  
Consolidated
   $ 4,293.8      $ -     $ 4,293.8     $ 396.8     $ 4,089.4     $ 255.5     $ 296.8 (c)
Litigation settlement expense
                           $ 45.5                          
Interest expense and finance charges
                             37.1                          
Earnings before income taxes
                           $ 314.2                          
Provision for income taxes
                             55.1                          
Minority interest, net of tax
                             19.5                          
Net earnings
                           $ 239.6                          
                                                           
(a)
Corporate assets, including equity in affiliates’, are net of trade receivables securitized and sold to third parties, and include cash, deferred income taxes and investments and advances. EBIT includes Equity in Affiliates Earnings, net of tax.
  
   
(b)
Long-lived asset expenditures include capital expenditures and tooling outlays.
  
   
(c)
Amounts differ from those shown on Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for 2007, 2006 and 2005 by $(9.8) million, $(5.6) million and $4.3 million, respectively, related to expenditures which are included in accounts payable.
  
   
(d)
Year-end asset totals include goodwill as follows: Engine segment for 2007, 2006 and 2005: $902.2 million, $823.5 million and $895.7 million, respectively; and Drivetrain segment for 2007, 2006 and 2005: $266.0 million, $263.0 million and $134.1 million, respectively. In addition to acquisitions, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill included translations adjustments for the Engine segment of $30.0 million, $33.6 million, and $(35.2) million, respectively, for each of the years in the period ended December 31, 2007. Translation adjustments for the Drivetrain segment were not significant. Pursuant to the Company's assignment of an operating facility previously reported in the Engine segment, goodwill of $105.9 million has been reclassified to the Drivetrain segment during 2006.
  

 
 
 
60
 
Geographic Information

No country outside the U.S., other than Germany, Hungary and South Korea, accounts for as much as 5% of consolidated net sales, attributing sales to the sources of the product rather than the location of the customer.  Also, the Company’s 50% equity investment in NSK-Warner (see Note 6) amounting to $152.2 million, $157.7 million and $175.3 million at December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, are excluded from the definition of long-lived assets, as are goodwill and certain other non-current assets.

 
61
 

   
Net sales
    
Long-lived assets
  
millions of dollars
  
2007
    
2006
    
2005
    
2007
    
2006
    
2005
  
United States
   $ 1,827.5     $ 1,819.4     $ 1,929.6     $ 556.9     $ 603.3     $ 661.8  
Europe:
                                                
     Germany
     1,802.8       1,567.0       1,405.7       554.6       534.0       457.4  
     Hungary
     302.2       230.7       193.9       42.2       27.9       25.0  
     Other Europe
     687.7       454.2       358.7       243.8       167.4       125.6  
Total Europe
     2,792.7       2,251.9       1,958.3       840.6       729.3       608.0  
                                                 
South Korea
     280.3       224.3       160.3       74.9       56.0       41.7  
Other foreign
     428.1       289.8       245.6       136.7       100.3       89.6  
          Total
   $ 5,328.6     $ 4,585.4     $ 4,293.8     $ 1,609.1     $ 1,488.9     $ 1,401.1  

Sales to Major Customers

Consolidated sales included sales to Volkswagen of approximately 15%, 13%, and 13%; to Ford of approximately 12%, 13%, and 16%; and to Daimler of approximately 6%, 11%, and 12% for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  Daimler divested Chrysler in 2007.  Both of the Company’s reporting segments had significant sales to all three of the customers listed above.  Accounts receivable from these customers at December 31, 2007 comprised approximately 23% of total accounts receivable.  Such sales consisted of a variety of products to a variety of customer locations and regions.  No other single customer accounted for more than 10% of consolidated sales in any year of the periods presented.

 
62
 
Sales by Product Line

Sales of turbochargers for light-vehicles represented approximately 21%, 18%, and 16% of the Company’s total revenues for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The Company currently supplies light-vehicle turbochargers to many OEMs including Volkswagen, Renault, PSA, Daimler, Hyundai, Fiat and BMW.
 
Sales of rear-wheel drive based transfer cases and components represented approximately 9%, 10% and 12% of the Company’s total revenues for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.  The Company supplies rear-wheel drive transfer cases to many OEMs including Ford, General Motors, Hyundai and Volkswagen.
 
Interim Financial Information (Unaudited)

The following information includes all adjustments, as well as normal recurring items, that the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of 2007 and 2006 interim results of operations.  Certain 2007 and 2006 quarterly amounts have been reclassified to conform to the annual presentation.


millions of dollars, except per share amounts
  
2007
    
2006
  
Quarter ended
  
Mar-31
    
Jun-30
    
Sep-30
    
Dec-31
    
Year
    
Mar-31
    
Jun-30
    
Sep-30
    
Dec-31
    
Year
  
Net sales
   $ 1,277.8     $ 1,364.3     $ 1,313.6     $ 1,372.9     $ 5,328.6     $ 1,155.2     $ 1,168.7     $ 1,059.8     $ 1,201.7     $ 4,585.4  
Cost of sales
     1,061.9       1,116.7       1,084.9       1,115.2       4,378.7       931.9       937.6       876.5       989.5       3,735.5  
   Gross profit
     215.9       247.6       228.7       257.7       949.9       223.3       231.1       183.3       212.2       849.9  
   Selling, general and
    administrative expenses
     126.7       135.2       134.1       135.9       531.9       129.5       124.3       116.8       127.5       498.1  
Restructuring expense
     -       -       -       -       -       -       -       11.5       73.2       84.7  
Other (income) expense
     (0.7 )     (1.2 )     (3.7 )     (1.2 )     (6.8 )     (0.5 )     (0.7 )     (5.6 )     (0.7 )     (7.5 )
   Operating income
     89.9       113.6       98.3       123.0       424.8       94.3       107.5       60.6       12.2       274.6  
Equity in affiliate earnings, net of tax
     (9.2 )     (8.8 )     (9.9 )     (12.4 )     (40.3 )     (10.0 )     (8.5 )     (7.8 )     (9.6 )     (35.9 )
Interest expense and finance charges
     8.9       9.3       8.4       8.1       34.7       9.4       9.9       9.5       11.4       40.2  
  Income before income taxes and minority
   interest
     90.2       113.1       99.8       127.3       430.4       94.9       106.1       58.9       10.4       270.3  
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
     24.4       30.5       10.9       48.1       113.9       26.6       29.7       13.9       (37.8 )     32.4  
Minority interest, net of tax
     7.4       6.9       5.7       8.0       28.0       7.0       6.2       5.8       7.3       26.3  
Net earnings
   $ 58.4     $ 75.7     $ 83.2     $ 71.2     $ 288.5     $ 61.3     $ 70.2     $ 39.2     $ 40.9     $ 211.6  
                                                                                 
Earnings per share – basic
   $ 0.50     $ 0.65     $ 0.72     $ 0.61     $ 2.49     $ 0.54     $ 0.61     $ 0.34     $ 0.35     $ 1.84  
Earnings per share – diluted
   $ 0.50     $ 0.64     $ 0.70     $ 0.60     $ 2.45     $ 0.53     $ 0.61     $ 0.34     $ 0.35     $ 1.83  

 
 
63
 
Selected Financial Data

                               
millions of dollars, except share and per share data
                              
For the Year Ended December 31,
                              
Statement of Operations Data
  
2007 (a)
    
2006 (a)
    
2005 (a)
    
2004
    
2003
  
Net sales
   $ 5,328.6     $ 4,585.4     $ 4,293.8     $ 3,525.3     $ 3,069.2  
Cost of sales
     4,378.7       3,735.5       3,440.0       2,874.2       2,482.5  
   Gross profit
     949.9       849.9       853.8       651.1       586.7  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
     531.9       498.1       495.9       339.0       316.9  
Other (income) expense
     (6.8 )     (7.5 )     34.8       3.0       (0.1 )
Restructuring expense
     -       84.7       -       -       -  
   Operating income
     424.8       274.6       323.1       309.1       269.9  
Equity in affiliates' earnings, net of tax
     (40.3 )     (35.9 )     (28.2 )     (29.2 )     (20.1 )
Interest expense, net
     34.7       40.2       37.1       29.7       33.3  
   Earnings before income taxes and minority interest
     430.4       270.3       314.2       308.6       256.7  
Provision for income taxes
     113.9       32.4       55.1       81.2       73.2  
Minority interest, net of tax
     28.0       26.3       19.5       9.1       8.6  
 Net earnings
   $ 288.5     $ 211.6     $ 239.6     $ 218.3     $ 174.9  
                                         
Earnings per share - basic
   $ 2.49     $ 1.84     $ 2.11     $ 1.95     $ 1.62  
Average shares outstanding (thousands) - basic
     116,002       114,806       113,416       111,744       108,232  
                                         
Earnings per share - diluted
   $ 2.45     $ 1.83     $ 2.09     $ 1.93     $ 1.60  
Average shares outstanding (thousands) - diluted
     117,840       115,942       114,796       113,074       109,208  
                                         
Cash dividend declared and paid per share
   $ 0.34     $ 0.32     $ 0.28     $ 0.25     $ 0.18  
                                         
                                         
Balance Sheet Data
                                        
Total assets
   $ 4,958.5     $ 4,584.0     $ 4,089.4     $ 3,529.1     $ 3,140.5  
Total debt
     636.3       721.1       740.5       584.5       655.5  
                                         
(a) Results include BERU, acquired in the first quarter of 2005.
                                  



 
64
 


 EX-21.1 3 exhibit21.htm exhibit21.htm

BORGWARNER INC. (Parent)
NAME OF SUBSIDIARY
BorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems Inc.
BorgWarner Powdered Metals Inc.
BorgWarner South Asia Inc.
Divgi-Warner Limited
BorgWarner Automotive Asia Ltd. (Hong Kong)
BorgWarner Automotive Components (Ningbo) Co. Ltd.
BorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems Korea Inc.
BorgWarner Shenglong (Ningbo) Co. Ltd.
BorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems Beijing Co. Ltd.
BorgWarner Diversified Transmission Products Inc.
BorgWarner Diversified Transmission Products Services Inc.
BorgWarner Drivetrain Management Services de Mexico SA de CV.
BorgWarner Drivetrian de Mexico SA de CV.
Ithaca Land Mgmt LLC.
BorgWarner Turbo Japan Branch
BERU Electronics GmbH (Branch)
BERU Korea Co. Ltd.
BorgWarner Turbo Systems Poland Sp.Zo.O
BorgWarner Drivetrain Engineering GmbH
BorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems Ochang Inc.
BorgWarner Emissions Systems Inc.
BorgWarner Emissions Systems of Michigan Inc.
BorgWarner Emissions Systems Holding Inc.
BorgWarner Thermal Systems Inc.
BorgWarner Thermal Systems of Michigan Inc.
BorgWarner Cooling Systems (India) Private Limited
BorgWarner Morse TEC Inc.
BorgWarner Canada Inc.
BorgWarner Japan Inc.
BorgWarner Morse TEC Japan K.K.
BorgWarner Automotive Taiwan Co., Ltd.
BorgWarner Morse TEC Mexico S.A. de C.V.
BorgWarner Morse TEC Murugappa Pvt. Ltd.
BorgWarner Morse TEC Korea Ltd.
BorgWarner Transmission Systems Inc.
BorgWarner Transmission Systems Monaco S.A.M.
BorgWarner NW Inc.
BorgWarner Transmission Systems Korea, Inc.
NSK-Warner K.K.
NSK-Warner (Shanghai) Co. Ltd.
NSK-Warner U.S.A., Inc.
BorgWarner Europe Inc.
BorgWarner Holding Inc.
BorgWarner France S.A.S.
BorgWarner Transmission Systems Tulle S.A.S.
BW Holding Ltd.
BorgWarner Europe GmbH
BorgWarner Holdings Ltd.
BorgWarner Limited
Kysor Europe Limited
Morse TEC Europe S.r.l.
BorgWarner Germany GmbH
Beru AG  
BERU Italia S.r.l.
BERU ELECTRONICS GmbH
BERU Mexico S.A. de C.V.
IMPCO-BERU Technologies B.V.
BERU Diesel Start Systems Pvt. Ltd.
BERU-Eichenauer GmbH
B 80 S.r.l.
Hakatherm Elektronik Verwaltungs-GmbH
BERU Japan K.K.
REMIX Korea Co. Ltd.
BERU Corp.
BERU Automotive Co., Ltd.
BERU Microelectronica S.A.
Simesa, Brazil Ltda.
TecCom GmbH
BERU Motorsport Holdings Ltd.
BERU F1 Systems Ltd.
BERU Eyquem SAS
BERU TDA SAS
BERU SAS
Eyquem SNC
Beru Hungaria zRt.
BorgWarner Cooling Systems GmbH
BorgWarner Transmission Systems Arnstadt GmbH
BorgWarner Transmission Systems GmbH
BorgWarner Vertriebs und Verwaltungs GmbH
BorgWarner Turbo Systems Worldwide Headquarters GmbH
BorgWarner Turbo Systems GmbH
TSA Turbochargers of South Africa Pty. Ltd.
BorgWarner Turbo Systems Alkatreszgyarto Kft.
Turbo Energy Ltd.
BorgWarner Turbo Systems Engineering GmbH
Creon Insurance Agency Limited
BorgWarner Trustees Limited
Kuhlman Corporation
BWA Turbo Systems Holding Corporation
BorgWarner Turbo Systems Inc.
BorgWarner Cooling Systems Korea, Inc.
BorgWarner Brasil, Ltda.
Kysor Do Brasil Ltda.
Seohan Warner Turbo Systems, Ltd.
Kuhlman Plastics of Canada, Ltd.
Spring Products Corporation
Bronson Specialties Inc.
BWA Receivables Corporation



 EX-23.1 4 exhibit23.htm exhibit23.htm
 
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
 
We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement Nos. 333-45423 dated February 2, 1998; 333-117171 dated July 6, 2004; 333-118203, 333-118202, 333-118201 and 333-118200 dated August 13, 2004; 333-122204 dated January 21, 2005; 333-124086 dated April 15, 2005; 333-134167 dated May 16, 2006; and 333-136604, 333-136605, 333-136606 dated August 14, 2006 all on Form S-8; and Registration Statement Nos. 333-31259 dated July 14, 1997 on Form S-3 and dated August 1, 1997 on Form S-3/A; 333-84931 dated August 11, 1999 on Form S-3, and dated August 31, 1999 and September 21, 1999 on Forms S-3/A; 333-106787, dated July 3, 2003 and dated February 11, 2004 on Form S-3/A of our reports dated February 15, 2008, relating to the financial statements of BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries (which expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and included an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company’s changes in its methods of accounting in 2007 for income taxes as a result of adopting FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, and in 2006 for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans as a result of adopting SFAS No. 158, Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans.), and the effectiveness of BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting, appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2007.
 
 

 
 
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
 
Detroit, Michigan
February 14, 2008
 



 EX-31.1 5 exhibit311.htm exhibit311.htm


EXHIBIT 31.1 
Certification of the Principal Executive Officer
Pursuant to 15 U.S.C. 78m(a) or 78o(d)
(Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) 



I, Timothy M. Manganello, certify that:

1.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form10-K of BorgWarner Inc.;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)   Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)   Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
d)   Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting;

5.
The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)   All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal controls over financial reporting.

Date: February 14, 2008



/s/  Timothy M. Manganello
_____________________
Timothy M. Manganello
Chairman & Chief Executive Officer



 
 
 

EX-31.2 6 exhibit312.htm exhibit312.htm

EXHIBIT 31.2
Certification of the Principal Financial Officer
Pursuant to 15 U.S.C. 78m(a) or 78o(d)
(Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) 



I, Robin J. Adams, certify that:

1.
I have reviewed this annual report on Form10-K of BorgWarner Inc.;

2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.
The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)   Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)   Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)   Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
d)   Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting;

5.
The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)   All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)   Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal controls over financial reporting.

Date: February 14, 2008



/s/ Robin J. Adams
_____________________
Robin J. Adams
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and
Chief Administrative Officer
 
 EX-32.1 7 exhibit32.htm exhibit32.htm

CERTIFICATIONS OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350


In connection with the Annual Report of BorgWarner Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2007 (the "Report"), each of the undersigned officers of the Company certifies, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that to the best of such officer's knowledge:

(1)  the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the  financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


Dated:    February 14, 2008

/s/ Timothy M. Manganello
________________________
Timothy M. Manganello
Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Robin J. Adams
________________________
Robin J. Adams
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
& Chief Administrative Officer


A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to BorgWarner Inc. and will be retained by BorgWarner Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.



 

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