We have entered into various collaboration agreements including license agreements and collaborative research, development and commercialization agreements with various pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Under these collaboration arrangements, we are entitled to receive license fees, upfront payments, milestone and other contingent payments, royalties, sales milestone payments, and payments for the manufacture and supply of our proprietary PEGylation materials and/or reimbursement for research and development activities. We generally include our costs of performing these services in research and development expense, except for costs for product sales to our collaboration partners which we include in cost of goods sold. We analyze our agreements to determine whether we should account for the agreements within the scope of ASC 808, and, if so, we analyze whether we should account for any elements under ASC 606.

On July 23, 2017, we entered into a worldwide license agreement (the Lilly Agreement) with Eli Lilly and Company (Lilly) to co-develop rezpegaldesleukin, a novel immunological drug candidate that we invented, pursuant to which we received an initial payment of $150.0 million and were eligible for up to $250.0 million in additional development and regulatory milestones. The Lilly Agreement provided that, during Phase 1B and Phase 2 development, we would share development costs wherein 75% of the costs are borne by Lilly and 25% of the costs are borne by us.

On February 23, 2023, we announced the topline data from the Phase 2 study of rezpegaldesleukin in adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (Phase 2 Lupus Study). Although the Phase 2 Lupus Study did not meet its primary endpoint, patients who received the middle dose within the modified intent-to-treat population, defined as all patients who were randomized and received at least one dose of rezpegaldesleukin, demonstrated improvement in SLEDAI-2K score as compared to placebo. Nonetheless, Lilly notified us that it does not intend to advance rezpegaldesleukin into Phase 3 development for SLE.

On April 23, 2023, Nektar received from Lilly a notice of-at will termination of the Lilly Agreement. On April 27, 2023, we announced that we would regain full rights to rezpegaldesleukin from Lilly. Based on the positive results from a Phase 1b study in which rezpegaldesleukin reduced atopic dermatitis symptoms, we plan to initiate a Phase 2b study of rezpegaldesleukin in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in 2023. We will also explore other auto-immune indications for the development of rezpegaldesleukin.

Effective April 3, 2018, we entered into a Strategic Collaboration Agreement (the BMS Collaboration Agreement) and a Share Purchase Agreement with BMS. Pursuant to the BMS Collaboration Agreement, we and BMS have jointly developed bempegaldesleukin in combination with BMS’s Opdivo®. The parties share the internal and external development costs for bempegaldesleukin in combination regimens based on each party’s relative ownership interest in the compounds included in the regimens. In accordance with the agreement, the parties share development costs for bempegaldesleukin in combination with Opdivo®, 67.5% of costs to BMS and 32.5% to Nektar. The parties share costs for the manufacturing and pre-commercial costs of bempegaldesleukin, 35% of the costs to BMS and 65% to Nektar.

Upon the effective date of the BMS Collaboration Agreement in April 2018, BMS paid us a non-refundable upfront cash payment of $1.0 billion and purchased 8,284,600 shares of our common stock pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement for total additional cash consideration of $850.0 million. In 2020, we received additional non-refundable milestone payments of $50.0 million.

As discussed in Note 1, in April 2022, we announced that BMS and we decided to discontinue all development of bempegaldesleukin in combination with Opdivo®. The decision to terminate the program does not affect the cost-sharing provisions under the BMS Collaboration Agreement. Pursuant to the BMS Collaboration Agreement, we and BMS continue our efforts to wind down the bempegaldesleukin program.

We determined that the BMS Collaboration Agreement falls within the scope of ASC 808. Based on the cost sharing percentages described above, we recognized BMS’ reimbursement of our expenses as a reduction of research and development expense and our reimbursement of BMS’ expenses as research and development expense. As discussed in Note 6, beginning in the second quarter of 2022, we began reporting clinical trial, other third-party costs and employee costs for the wind down of the bempegaldesleukin program in restructuring and costs of terminated program. The net reimbursement payable to BMS for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was not significant. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, we recorded $24.9 million for the net reimbursement from BMS as a reduction of research and development expense.

On February 12, 2021, we entered into a Co-Development Agreement (the SFJ Agreement) with SFJ Pharmaceuticals XII, L.P., a SFJ Pharmaceuticals Group company (SFJ), pursuant to which SFJ would pay up to $150.0 million to support a Phase 2/3 study of bempegaldesleukin in combination with Keytruda® (pembrolizumab) in metastatic or unresectable recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (the SCCHN Clinical Trial). SFJ had primary responsibility for the clinical trial management of the SCCHN Clinical Trial, and we were the sponsor of the SCCHN Clinical Trial. The SFJ Agreement provided for us to pay up to $637.5 million in Success Payments in the event of FDA approval of bempegaldesleukin in up to three indications.

We accounted for the SFJ Agreement as a derivative liability, which we remeasured to fair value at each reporting date. We recorded increases to the liability for non-cash research and development expense as SFJ conducted the SCCHN Clinical Trial and for cash receipts from SFJ to us to support our internal costs of conducting the trial. We presented the gain (loss) from the remeasurement as change in fair value of development derivative liability in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

As of March 31, 2022, due to the negative results of the metastatic melanoma trial and initial discussions with SFJ, we concluded that it was remote that SFJ and we would continue the SCCHN Clinical Trial. Accordingly, the fair value of the development derivative liability was reduced to zero as of March 31, 2022, and we recognized a corresponding gain in change in fair value of development derivative liability. In April 2022, we announced that SFJ and we agreed to discontinue the SCCHN Clinical Trial. Accordingly, SFJ will not be entitled to any Success Payments, and SFJ has the responsibility to wind down the SCCHN Clinical Trial at its sole cost. SFJ has no right to seek reimbursement from us for any costs incurred for the SCCHN Clinical Trial.


	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Fair value at beginning of period	3	$	27,726
Non-cash research and development expense		4,951
Cash receipts from SFJ		750
Change in the fair value of development derivative liability		(33,427)
Fair value at end of period	3	$	—

We have other collaboration agreements that have resulted in commercialized products for our collaborations partners. Under these agreements, we may sell our proprietary PEGylation materials for use in these products, and we are entitled to receive royalties based on net sales of these products as well as sales milestones. As discussed in Note 3, we have sold our rights to receive royalties from these other collaboration agreements. Our non-cash royalty revenue, which totaled $16.9 million and $17.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, represents revenue for granting licenses which we had satisfied in prior periods.

Additionally, we have a collaboration agreement for a product under development, under which we are entitled to up to a total of $40.0 million of regulatory milestones, as well as sales milestones upon achievement of annual sales targets and royalties based on net sales of commercialized products, if any. However, given the current phase of development of the potential product under this collaboration agreement, we cannot estimate the probability or timing of achieving these milestones, and, therefore, have excluded all development milestones from the transaction price for this agreement.