10-Q

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

ý	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019
OR
o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

  For the transition period from ________________ to ________________

Commission file number: 001-35774

INNODATA INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	13-3475943
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)
55 Challenger Road	07660
Ridgefield Park, New Jersey	(Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices)

(201) 371-8000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

None

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	INOD	NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  þ    No  o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer þ Smaller reporting company þ Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes o No þ

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value per share, as of July 31, 2019 was 25,952,454.

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2019

INDEX

		Page No.
	Part I – Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements
	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited):
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	5
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	28
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	48
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	49
	Part II – Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	49
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	49
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	49
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	49
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	49
Item 5.	Other Information	49
Item 6.	Exhibits	50
Signatures

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

	June 30,			December 31,
	2019			2018
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	12,261		$	10,869
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $700 and $1,000, respectively		8,512			10,626
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		5,186			5,778
Total current assets		25,959			27,273
Property and equipment, net		6,960			6,813
Right of use asset		7,559			-
Other assets		2,218			2,436
Deferred income taxes		1,881			1,204
Intangibles, net		5,928			6,275
Goodwill		2,095			2,050
Total assets	$	52,600		$	46,051
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	1,833		$	1,834
Accrued expenses		3,357			2,903
Accrued salaries, wages and related benefits		3,753			4,494
Income and other taxes		4,231			3,532
Long-term obligations - current portion		838			1,529
Operating lease liability - current portion		1,163			-
Total current liabilities		15,175			14,292
Deferred income taxes		547			571
Long-term obligations, net of current portion		3,114			4,062
Operating lease liability, net of current portion		7,266			-
Non-controlling interests		(3,447	)		(3,440	)
Commitments and contingencies
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Serial preferred stock; 5,000,000 shares authorized, none outstanding		-			-
Common stock, $.01 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 27,633,000 shares issued and 25,952,000 outstanding at June 30, 2019; 27,558,000 shares issued and 25,877,000 outstanding at December 31, 2018		276			275
Additional paid-in capital		27,852			27,579
Retained earnings		6,244			7,349
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		195			(15	)
		34,567			35,188
Less: treasury stock, 1,681,000 shares at cost		(4,622	)		(4,622	)
Total stockholders’ equity		29,945			30,566
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	52,600		$	46,051

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements. 

1

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

	Three Months Ended
	June 30,
	2019			2018
Revenues	$	13,639		$	14,270
Operating costs and expenses:
Direct operating costs		9,575			9,929
Selling and administrative expenses		4,613			3,667
Goodwill impairment		-			675
Interest expense, net		12			10
		14,200			14,281
Loss before provision for income taxes		(561	)		(11	)
Provision for income taxes		100			451
Net loss		(661	)		(462	)
Income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests		(8	)		4
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$	(653	)	$	(466	)
Loss per share attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries:
Basic and diluted	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.02	)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted		25,877			25,877
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	$	(661	)	$	(462	)
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes		(41	)		(58	)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes		-			(61	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		23			(337	)
Other comprehensive loss		(18	)		(456	)
Total comprehensive loss		(679	)		(918	)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributed to non-controlling interest		(8	)		4
Comprehensive loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$	(671	)	$	(922	)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

	Six Months Ended
	June 30,
	2019			2018
Revenues	$	27,333		$	28,390
Operating costs and expenses:
Direct operating costs		19,135			19,823
Selling and administrative expenses		9,215			7,583
Goodwill impairment		-			675
Interest expense, net		23			14
		28,373			28,095
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes		(1,040	)		295
Provision for income taxes		72			1,033
Net loss		(1,112	)		(738	)
Loss attributable to non-controlling interests		(7	)		(4	)
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$	(1,105	)	$	(734	)
Loss per share attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries:
Basic and diluted	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.03	)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted		25,877			25,877
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	$	(1,112	)	$	(738	)
Pension liability adjustment, net of taxes		(77	)		(117	)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes		-			(592	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		287			(365	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		210			(1,074	)
Total comprehensive loss		(902	)		(1,812	)
Comprehensive loss attributed to non-controlling interest		(7	)		(4	)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$	(895	)	$	(1,808	)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)
(In thousands)

	Six Months Ended
	June 30,
	2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(1,112	)	$	(738	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		1,561			1,724
Goodwill impairment		-			675
Stock-based compensation		273			271
Deferred income taxes		(677	)		243
Pension cost		240			(3	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		2,392			1,452
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		455			(1,505	)
Other assets		224			266
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(160	)		(971	)
Accrued salaries, wages and related benefits		(759	)		(628	)
Income and other taxes		677			2,194
Net cash provided by operating activities		3,114			2,980
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures		(813	)		(1,256	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(813	)		(1,256	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payment of long-term obligations		(699	)		(1,371	)
Issuance of restricted shares		1			-
Net cash used in financing activities		(698	)		(1,371	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		(211	)		(54	)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		1,392			299
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		10,869			11,407
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	12,261		$	11,706
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes	$	528		$	203
Cash paid for operating leases	$	1,155		$	1,308

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

	Common Stock				Additional Paid-in		Retained			Accumulated Other Comprehensive			Treasury
	Shares		Amount		Capital		Earnings			Income (Loss)			Stock			Total
January 1, 2018		25,877	$	275	$	27,275	$	7,345		$	846		$	(4,622	)	$	31,119
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries		-		-		-		(268	)		-			-			(268	)
Stock-based compensation		-		-		140		-			-			-			140
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes		-		-		-		-			(59	)		-			(59	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-		-		-		-			(28	)		-			(28	)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes		-		-		-		-			(531	)		-			(531	)
March 31, 2018		25,877		275		27,415		7,077			228			(4,622	)		30,373
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries		-		-		-		(466	)		-			-			(466	)
Stock-based compensation		-		-		131		-			-			-			131
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes		-		-		-		-			(58	)		-			(58	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-		-		-		-			(337	)		-			(337	)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes		-		-		-		-			(61	)		-			(61	)
June 30, 2018		25,877	$	275	$	27,546	$	6,611		$	(228	)	$	(4,622	)	$	29,582
January 1, 2019		25,877	$	275	$	27,579	$	7,349		$	(15	)	$	(4,622	)	$	30,566
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries		-		-		-		(452	)		-			-			(452	)
Issuance of restricted stock		75		1		5		-			-			-			6
Stock-based compensation		-		-		123		-			-			-			123
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes		-		-		-		-			(36	)		-			(36	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-		-		-		-			264			-			264
March 31, 2019		25,952		276		27,707		6,897			213			(4,622	)		30,471
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries		-		-		-		(653	)		-			-			(653	)
Issuance of restricted stock		-		-		9		-			-			-			9
Stock-based compensation		-		-		136		-			-			-			136
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes		-		-		-		-			(41	)		-			(41	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		-		-		-		-			23			-			23
June 30, 2019		25,952	$	276	$	27,852	$	6,244		$	195		$	(4,622	)	$	29,945

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business - Innodata Inc. (including its subsidiaries, “we”, the “Company”, or “Innodata”) is a global services and technology company. We combine human expertise with advanced deep learning technologies to power leading information products and enterprise AI (artificial intelligence)/digital transformation.

The Company, founded in 1988 and headquartered in northern New Jersey, features a 3,500-strong global delivery and technology team spanning ten offices globally and a research and technology incubator, Innodata Labs, which focuses on applied machine learning and emerging artificial intelligence.

The Company’s core services are (i) data acquisition, transformation, and enrichment at scale; (ii) digital operations management and analytics; and (iii) applications development. We report our core business as the Digital Data Solutions (DDS) segment.

The Company also has venture businesses that leverage its core capabilities to provide specific industry solutions. The Company’s Synodex venture business delivers a software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform and managed services for digital transformation of medical data. The Company’s Agility PR Solutions (Agility) venture business delivers a SaaS platform and managed service for delivering news, information, and content to targeted journalists and influencers, as well as monitoring and analyzing coverage across traditional and social media sources. Each venture business is reported as a separate segment.

The Company’s DDS segment specializes in combining artificial neural networks and human expertise in multiple domains (including health, science, and law) to make “unstructured information” (sometimes referred to as “content”) useable. For business information companies, “useable” means that the content can be sold via subscription to a digital product. For enterprises, “useable” means that the content can drive digital process transformation and artificial intelligence (AI). The Company works with all classes of data, including sensitive and protected data.

The Company also develops digital products for business information companies and digital systems which replace legacy systems and processes.

In 2019, the Company continues to execute a strategy we initiated in 2017 focused on technology differentiation, increasingly taking an innovation-led approach to create value for clients while driving leaner, more cost-effective operations.

The Company’s Synodex segment designs and develops new capabilities to enable clients in the insurance and healthcare sectors to transform medical records into useable digital data and to apply technologies to the digital data to augment decision support.

The main focus of the Synodex business is the extraction and classification of data from unstructured medical records in an innovative way to provide improved data service capabilities for insurance underwriting, insurance claims, medical records management, life settlement claims, and clinical trial support services.

6

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

The Company’s Synodex segment operates through the Company’s Innodata Synodex, LLC subsidiary. As of June 30, 2019, Innodata Inc. owned 92.5% of Innodata Synodex, LLC.

The Company’s Agility segment provides public relations (PR) tools and related professional services that enable PR and communications professionals to discover influencers, amplify messages, monitor coverage, and measure the impact of campaigns.

Agility’s software-as-a-service (SaaS) tools include:

· An influencer targeting solution to help PR professionals identify influencers. The Agility media database includes detailed contact information for over 840,000 unique influencers globally including journalists, outlets, and bloggers. Live social media streams to allow users to research influencers by tracking activity and keywords across multiple social media channels.

· An outreach and content amplification solution enabling PR professionals to distribute news, information, and content to targeted influencers.

· Integrated newswire services.

· A media monitoring solution to help PR professionals track what is being said about their brand, industry or competitors and track engagement. Users can monitor and report on coverage across print, broadcast, online and social media sources, including AI-powered image monitoring. The self-serve monitoring tool enables users to create alerts, compile and share coverage briefings and clipbooks.

· A media analysis solution to help PR professionals analyze coverage, determine PR campaign reach and effectiveness, and create and distribute reports.

Agility’s professional services include:

· Media monitoring and PR measurement services delivered by a team of media analysts who use the Company’s SaaS monitoring solution to pull coverage and curate daily news briefs. This powerful media monitoring solution is for clients with complex monitoring or reporting requirements.

· Advanced PR reporting and measurement services including custom reports, PR measurement and social media / influencer analysis.

Bulldog Reporter, a publisher of PR-related news and a popular e-newsletter, and the Bulldog Awards, a PR awards program that recognizes outstanding performance among PR and communications professionals and agencies, are properties of Agility.

Basis of Presentation - The condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods included herein are unaudited; however, they contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2019, the results of its operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and stockholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.

7

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from these condensed consolidated financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC and, accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2018, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless otherwise noted, the accounting policies used in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements are the same as those described in the December 31, 2018 consolidated financial statements.

Principles of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Innodata Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, and the Synodex and docGenix limited liability companies that are majority-owned by the Company. The non-controlling interests in the Synodex and docGenix limited liability companies are accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) non-controlling interest guidance. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates - In preparing financial statements in conformity with US GAAP, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include those related to allowance for doubtful accounts and billing adjustments, long-lived assets, intangible assets, goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets, valuation of stock-based compensation, litigation accruals and estimated accruals for various tax exposures.

Revenue Recognition – Commencing January 1, 2018, the Company’s revenue recognition is in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company’s revenue is recognized when control of the promised services is transferred to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those services as per the agreement with the customer. In case there are agreements with multiple performance obligations, we identify each performance obligation and evaluate whether the performance obligations are distinct within the context of the agreement at the agreement’s inception. Performance obligations that are not distinct at agreement inception are combined. We allocate the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation proportionately based on the estimated standalone selling price for each performance obligation, if any, and then evaluate how the services are transferred to the customer to determine the timing of revenue recognition.

For the DDS segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered or resources utilized in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. Revenues for agreements billed on a time-and-materials basis are recognized as services are performed. Revenues under fixed-fee agreements, which are not significant to the overall revenues, are recognized based on the proportional performance method of accounting, as services are performed, or milestones are achieved.

8

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

For the Synodex segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. A portion of our Synodex segment revenue is derived from licensing our functional software and providing access to our hosted software platform. Revenue from such services is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable.

The Agility segment derives its revenue primarily from subscription arrangements and provision of enriched media analysis services. It also derives revenue as a reseller of corporate communication solutions. Revenue from subscriptions is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable. Revenue from enriched media analysis services is recognized when the services are performed, and performance conditions are satisfied. Revenues from the reseller agreements are recognized at gross with our functioning as a principal due to our meeting the following criteria. We act as the primary obligor in the sales transaction; assume the credit risk; set the price; can select suppliers; and are involved in the execution of the services, including after sales service.

Revenues include reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses, with the corresponding out-of-pocket expenses included in direct operating costs.

We consider U.S. GAAP criteria for determining whether to report revenue gross as a principal versus net as an agent.  Factors considered include whether we are the primary obligor, have risks and rewards of ownership, and bear the risk that a customer may not pay for the services performed.  If there are circumstances where the above criteria are not met and therefore, we are not the principal in providing services, amounts received from customers are presented net of payments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Contract acquisition cost for our Agility segment is amortized over the term of the subscription agreement which normally has a duration of 12 months or less. We review these costs on a periodic basis to determine the need to adjust the carrying values for pre-terminated contracts.

Foreign Currency - The functional currency of the Company’s production operations located in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka and Israel is the U.S. dollar. Transactions denominated in Philippine pesos, Indian and Sri Lankan rupees or Israeli shekels are translated to U.S. dollars at rates using the average rates in effect on the transaction dates.

The functional currency for the Company’s subsidiaries in Germany, the United Kingdom and Canada are the Euro, the Pound Sterling and the Canadian dollar, respectively. The financial statements of these subsidiaries are prepared in these respective currencies. Financial information is translated from the applicable functional currency to the U.S. dollar (the reporting currency) for inclusion in the consolidated financial statements. Income, expenses and cash flows are translated at weighted average exchange rates prevailing during the fiscal period, and assets and liabilities are translated at fiscal period-end exchange rates. Resulting translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders' equity. Foreign exchange transaction gains or losses are included in direct operating costs in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

9

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

To the extent that the currencies of the Company’s production facilities located in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka and Israel fluctuate, the Company is subject to risks of changing costs of production after pricing is established for certain client projects. In addition, the Company is exposed to the risk of foreign currency fluctuation on the non-U.S. dollar denominated revenues, and on the monetary assets and liabilities held by its foreign subsidiaries that are denominated in local currency.

Income Taxes - Deferred taxes are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates, as well as any net operating loss or tax credit carryforwards expected to reduce taxes payable in future years. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. While the Company considers future taxable income in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, in the event that the Company determines that it would be able to realize the deferred tax assets in the future in excess of its net recorded amount, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would increase income in the period such determination was made. Similarly, in the event that the Company determines that it would not be able to realize the deferred tax assets in the future considering future taxable income, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would decrease income in the period such determination was made. Changes in the valuation allowance from period to period are included in the Company’s tax provision in the period of change. The Company indefinitely reinvests the foreign earnings in its foreign subsidiaries. Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries have been included in the consolidated financial statements without giving effect to the United States taxes that may be payable on distribution to the United States, because such earnings are not anticipated to be remitted to the United States.

In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considered whether it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the U.S. and Canadian deferred tax assets will not be realizable. As the expectation of future taxable income resulting from the Synodex and Agility segments cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company maintains a valuation allowance against all the U.S. and Canadian deferred tax assets.

The Company accounts for income taxes regarding uncertain tax positions, and recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Leases - In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” as modified (“ASU 2016-02”), which replaces existing leasing rules with a comprehensive lease measurement and recognition standard and expanded disclosure requirements. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets as liabilities, with corresponding “right-of-use” assets and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, subject to early adoption. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 effective January 1, 2019. Upon adoption, the Company recognized a right of use asset and corresponding lease liability. Refer to Note 6, Operating Leases.

10

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception date and requires an assessment of whether the fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset. A reassessment is made after inception of the lease only if one of the following applies:

a. there is a change in contractual terms, other than a renewal or extension of the arrangement;

b. a renewal option is exercised, or extension granted, unless the term of the renewal or extension was initially included in the lease term;

c. there is a change in the determination of whether fulfillment is dependent on a specified asset; or

d. there is a substantial change to the asset.

Whenever a reassessment is made, lease accounting shall commence or cease from the date when the change in circumstances gave rise to the reassessment for scenarios (a), (c) or (d) and at the date of renewal or extension period for scenario (b).

Leases where the lessor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Deferred Revenue - represents payments received from clients in advance of providing services and amounts deferred if conditions for revenue recognition have not been met. Included in accrued expenses on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is deferred revenue amounting to $1.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments – Overall (“Subtopic 825-10”): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“ASU 2016-01”), which updates certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2019, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

11

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, “Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General: Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans” (“ASU 2018-14”), that makes minor changes to the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement benefit plans. The guidance eliminates requirements for certain disclosures that are no longer considered cost beneficial and adds new disclosure requirements that the FASB considers pertinent. ASU 2018-14 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020 for public entities; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the early adoption of ASU-2018-14 but does not expect it to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

2. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,050
Foreign currency translation adjustment		45
Balance as of June 30, 2019	$	2,095
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	2,832
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(49	)
Goodwill impairment		(675	)
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	2,108

As of June 30, 2018, the Company recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for its DDS segment.

The Company periodically analyzes whether any indicators of impairment have occurred. As part of these periodic analyses, the Company compares its estimated fair value, as determined based on its stock price, to its net book value. The continued decline in the Company’s stock price was viewed by the Company as a triggering event under ASU 2017-04 which required an assessment for possible goodwill impairment as of June 30, 2018. Under the provisions of ASU 2017-04, which the Company opted to early adopt, goodwill impairment is recognized based on Step 1 of the current guidance, which calculates the carrying value in excess of the reporting unit’s fair value.

The Company performed this assessment as of June 30, 2018 and determined that the fair value of the Agility segment exceeded its carrying value, but the fair value of the DDS segment was below its carrying value. As a result, the Company recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for the DDS segment reporting unit as of June 30, 2018.

The Company will perform its annual goodwill assessment for the Agility segment as of September 30, 2019.

12

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

Information regarding the Company’s acquisition-related intangible assets was as follows (in thousands): 

	Developed technology		Customer relationships		Trademarks and tradenames		Patents		Media Contact Database		Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,999	$	2,081	$	855	$	42	$	3,546	$	9,523
Foreign currency translation		99		96		13		1		19		228
Balance as of June 30, 2019	$	3,098	$	2,177	$	868	$	43	$	3,565	$	9,751

	Developed technology			Customer relationships			Trademarks and tradenames			Patents			Media Contact Database			Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	3,204		$	2,264		$	884		$	46		$	3,647		$	10,045
Foreign currency translation		(107	)		(104	)		(13	)		(2	)		(21	)		(247	)
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	3,097		$	2,160		$	871		$	44		$	3,626		$	9,798

	Developed technology		Customer relationships		Trademarks and tradenames		Patents		Media Contact Database		Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	1,137	$	766	$	440	$	19	$	886	$	3,248
Amortization expense		154		90		60		1		179		484
Foreign currency translation		44		36		6		1		4		91
Balance as of June 30, 2019	$	1,335	$	892	$	506	$	21	$	1,069	$	3,823

	Developed technology			Customer relationships			Trademarks and tradenames			Patents		Media Contact Database			Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	902		$	645		$	330		$	15	$	547		$	2,439
Amortization expense		159			93			61			2		181			496
Foreign currency translation		(39	)		(33	)		(5	)		-		(3	)		(80	)
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	1,022		$	705		$	386		$	17	$	725		$	2,855

Amortization expense relating to acquisition-related intangible assets was $0.2 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Amortization expense relating to acquisition-related intangible assets was $0.5 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

13

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

As of the date hereof, estimated amortization expense for intangible assets after June 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

Year	Amortization
2019	$	487
2020		907
2021		907
2022		907
2023		907
Thereafter		1,813
	$	5,928

3. Income Taxes

The Company recorded a provision for income taxes of $0.1 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively; and $0.1 million and $1.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Taxes primarily consist of a provision for foreign taxes recorded in accordance with the local tax regulations by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. Effective income tax rates are disproportionate due to the losses incurred by the Company’s U.S. entities and Canadian subsidiaries and a valuation allowance recorded on deferred taxes of these entities and tax effects of foreign operations, including foreign exchange gains and losses.

14

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

The reconciliation of the U.S. statutory rate with the Company’s effective tax rate for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019 is summarized in the table below: 

	June 30, 2019
Federal income tax expense at statutory rate		21.0	%
Effect of:
Tax effects of FX gains and losses		53.4
Change in valuation allowance		10.9
Increase in unrecognized tax benefits (FIN48)		(27.7	)
Tax effects of foreign operations		(61.3	)
Return to provision true up		0.4
Foreign rate differential		(0.1	)
Other		(3.5	)
Effective tax rate		(6.9	)%

Pursuant to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, during the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company recorded a one-time deemed repatriation of foreign earnings and profits (“E&P”) amounting to $25.8 million. No toll charge liability was recorded due to the available net operating loss carryforwards.

As of June 30, 2019, the Company performed a calculation of the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) provisions and concluded that it continues to have no impact on account of the net losses of our foreign subsidiaries.

The following table presents a roll-forward of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits and associated interest for the six months ended June 30, 2019 (in thousands):

	Unrecognized tax benefits
Balance - January 1, 2019	$	2,424
Increase in tax position		183
Interest accrual		88
Foreign currency remeasurement		34
Balance - June 30, 2019	$	2,729

15

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

The Company had unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $2.7 million and $2.4 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The portion of unrecognized tax benefits relating to an increase in tax positions was approximately $0.2 million while the portion of unrecognized tax benefits relating to interest and penalties was approximately $0.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019. The unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, if recognized, would have an impact on the Company’s effective tax rate.

The Company is subject to Federal income tax, as well as income tax in various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company has open periods for U.S. Federal and state taxes from 2015 through 2018. Various foreign subsidiaries currently have open tax years from 2003 through 2018.

Tax Assessments

In September 2015, the Company’s Indian subsidiary was subject to an inquiry by the Service Tax Department in India regarding the classification of services provided by this subsidiary, asserting that the services provided by this subsidiary fall under the category of online information and database access or retrieval services (OID Services), and not under the category of business support services (BS Services) that are exempt from service tax as historically indicated in the subsidiary’s service tax filings. Management disagrees with the Service Tax Department’s position and is vigorously contesting these assertions. In the event the Service Tax Department is successful in proving that the services fall under the category of OID Services, the revenues earned by the Company’s Indian subsidiary for the period July 2012 through November 2016 would be subject to a service tax of between 12.36% and 15%. The revenue of our Indian subsidiary during this period was approximately $68.3 million. In accordance with new rules promulgated by the Service Tax Department, as of December 1, 2016 service tax is no longer applicable to OID or BS Services. Based on the assessment of the Company’s counsel, the Company has not recorded any tax liability for this case.

In October 2016, the Company’s Indian subsidiary received notices of appeal from the Indian Service Tax Department in India seeking to reverse service tax refunds of approximately $160,000 previously granted to our Indian subsidiary for three quarters in 2014, asserting that the services provided by this subsidiary fall under the category of OID Services and not BS Services. The appeal was determined in favor of the Service Tax Department. Management disagrees with the basis of this decision and is contesting it vigorously. The Company expects delays in its Indian subsidiary receiving further service tax refunds until this matter is adjudicated with finality, and currently has service tax credits of approximately $1.0 million recorded as a receivable. Based on the assessment of the Company’s counsel, the Company has not recorded any tax liability for this case.

16

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

4. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation – In 2008, a judgment was rendered in the Philippines against a Philippine subsidiary of the Company that is no longer active and purportedly also against Innodata Inc., in favor of certain former employees of the Philippine subsidiary. The payment amount aggregates to approximately $6.2 million, plus legal interest that accrued at 12% per annum from August 13, 2008 to June 30, 2013, and thereafter accrued and continues to accrue at 6% per annum. The payment amount as expressed in U.S. dollars varies with the Philippine peso to U.S. dollar exchange rate. In December 2017, a group of 97 of the former employees of the Philippine subsidiary indicated that they proposed to record the judgment as to them in New Jersey. In January 2018, in response to an action initiated by Innodata Inc., the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (the “USDC”) entered a preliminary injunction that enjoins these former employees from pursuing or seeking recognition or enforcement of the judgment against Innodata Inc. in the United States during the pendency of the action and until further order of the USDC. In June 2018, the USDC entered a consent order administratively closing the action subject to return of the action to the active docket upon the written request of Innodata Inc. or the former employees, with the USDC retaining jurisdiction over the matter and the preliminary injunction remaining in full force and effect.

The Company is also subject to various other legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business.

While management currently believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or overall trends in consolidated results of operations, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties. Substantial recovery against the Company in the above-referenced Philippine action could have a material adverse impact on the Company, and unfavorable rulings or recoveries in the other proceedings could have a material adverse impact on the consolidated operating results of the period in which the ruling or recovery occurs. In addition, the Company’s estimate of potential impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or overall consolidated results of operations for the above referenced legal proceedings could change in the future.

The Company’s legal reserves related to legal proceedings and claims are based on a determination of whether or not a loss is probable. The Company reviews outstanding proceedings and claims with external counsel to assess probability and estimates of loss. The reserves are adjusted if necessary. While the Company intends to defend against these matters vigorously, adverse outcomes that it estimates could reach approximately $275,000 in the aggregate beyond recorded amounts are reasonably possible. If circumstances change, the Company may be required to record adjustments that could be material to its reported consolidated financial condition and results of operations.

5. Stock Options

The Innodata Inc. 2013 Stock Plan, as amended and restated effective June 7, 2016, is referred to herein as the “Plan.” The number of shares of common stock of Innodata Inc. that may be delivered, purchased or used for reference purposes (with respect to stock appreciation rights or stock units) for awards granted under the Plan after June 7, 2016 is 5,858,892 (the “Share Reserve”). Shares subject to an option or stock appreciation right granted under the Plan after June 7, 2016 count against the Share Reserve as one share for every share granted, and shares subject to any other type of award granted under the Plan after June 7, 2016 count against the Share Reserve as two shares for every share granted. Any award, or portion of an award, under the Plan or under the Company’s 2009 Stock Plan (as amended and restated (the “Prior Plan”)) that expires or terminates unexercised, becomes unexercisable or is forfeited or otherwise terminated, surrendered or canceled as to any shares without delivery of shares or other consideration will be added back to the Share Reserve as one share for each such share that was subject to an option or stock appreciation right granted under the Plan or the Prior Plan, and two shares for each such share that was subject to an award other than an option or stock appreciation right granted under the Plan or the Prior Plan. If any shares are withheld, tendered or exchanged by a participant in the Plan as full or partial payment to Innodata of the exercise price under an option under the Plan or the Prior Plan or in satisfaction of a participant’s tax withholding obligations with respect to any award under the Plan or the Prior Plan, there will be added back to the Share Reserve one share for each such share that was withheld, tendered or exchanged in respect of an option or stock appreciation right granted under the Plan or the Prior Plan, and two shares for each such share that was withheld, tendered or exchanged in respect of an award other than an option or stock appreciation right granted under the Plan or the Prior Plan.

17

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

A summary of stock option activity under the Plan as of June 30, 2019, and changes during the six months then ended, are presented below:

	Number of Options			Weighted - Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2019		4,982,040		$	2.14
Granted		220,000			1.38
Exercised		-
Forfeited/Expired		(174,237	)		2.04
Outstanding at June 30, 2019		5,027,803		$	2.11		6.27	$	-
Exercisable at June 30, 2019		3,564,211		$	2.49		5.13	$	-
Vested and Expected to Vest at June 30, 2019		5,027,803		$	2.11		6.27	$	-

18

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

The fair value of stock options is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The weighted average fair value of the options granted, and weighted average assumptions were as follows: 

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
Weighted average fair value of options granted	$	0.64		$	-
Risk-free interest rate		2.55	%		-
Expected life (years)		6			-
Expected volatility factor		45	%		-
Expected dividends		None			-

A summary of restricted shares under the Company’s Plan as of June 30, 2019 are presented below:

	Number of Shares		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Granted		75,000		1.38
Vested		-		-
Forfeited/Expired		-		-
Unvested at June 30, 2019		75,000	$	1.38

The compensation cost related to non-vested stock options and restricted stock awards not yet recognized as of June 30, 2019 totaled approximately $0.9 million. The weighted average period over which these costs will be recognized is 24 months.

The stock-based compensation expense related to the Company’s various stock awards was allocated as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Direct operating costs	$	20	$	55	$	38	$	109
Selling and administrative expenses		125		76		235		162
Total stock-based compensation	$	145	$	131	$	273	$	271

6. Operating Leases

The Company has various operating lease agreements for its offices and service delivery centers. The Company has determined that the risks and benefits related to the leased properties are retained by the lessors. Accordingly, these are accounted for as operating leases.

19

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

These lease agreements are for terms ranging from two to 11 years and, in most cases, provide for rental escalations ranging from 1.75% to 10%. Most of these agreements are renewable at the mutual consent of the parties in the contract.

The Company adopted ASU Topic 842 - Leases beginning January 1, 2019 and adopted the practical expedients consistently for all its leases. Accordingly, the Company:

1. Did not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases.

2. Did not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases.

3. Did not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases.

In addition, the Company elected to retrospectively determine the lease term and assess impairment of the right of use asset.

At the date of transition, the Company recognized an operating lease liability and right of use asset. The amount of lease liability is equal to the present value of the remaining lease payments as of January 1, 2019 discounted using the incremental borrowing rate of each respective country.

A right of use asset is measured at the amount of the lease liability adjusted for the amount of deferred straight-line rent, prepaid rent and lease incentive allowances previously recognized.

The table below summarizes the amounts recognized in the financial statements related to operating leases for the periods presented (in thousands):

	For the three months ended		For the six months ended
	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2019
Rent expense for long-term operating leases	$	453	$	907
Rent expense for short-term leases		85		172
Total rent expense	$	538	$	1,079

20

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

The following table presents the maturity profile of the Company’s operating lease liabilities based on the contractual undiscounted payments with a reconciliation of these amounts to the remaining net present value of the operating lease liability reported in the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2019 (in thousands).

Year	Amount
2019	$	930
2020		1,757
2021		1,341
2022		1,258
2023		1,051
2024 and thereafter		5,701
Total lease payments		12,038
Less: Interest		(3,609	)
Net present value of lease liabilities	$	8,429
Current portion	$	1,163
Long term portion		7,266
Total	$	8,429

The weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates for all of our operating leases as of June 30, 2019 were as follows:

Weighted average lease term remaining	73 months
Weighted average discount rate		8.98	%

21

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

7. Long-term Obligations

Total long-term obligations of the Company as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Pension obligations - accrued pension liability	$	2,750	$	2,591
Settlement agreement (1)		810		1,010
Capital lease obligations		290		574
Microsoft licenses (2)		102		355
Deferred lease payments		-		489
Lease incentive liability		-		572
		3,952		5,591
Less: Current portion of long-term obligations		838		1,529
Totals	$	3,114	$	4,062

 ⁽¹⁾ Represents payment to be made pursuant to a settlement agreement between a subsidiary of the Company and 19 former employees of such subsidiary in December of 2018. The balance is payable in monthly installments through March 2023.

⁽²⁾ In March 2017, the Company renewed a vendor agreement to acquire certain additional software licenses and to receive support and subsequent software upgrades on these and other currently owned software licenses through February 2020. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company is obligated to pay approximately $0.4 million annually over the term of the agreement.

22

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

8. Comprehensive Loss

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, as reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, consists of pension liability adjustments, net of taxes, foreign currency translation adjustments, net of taxes and changes in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes. The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of June 30, 2019, and reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, were as follows (net of tax) (in thousands):

	Pension Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance at April 1, 2019	$	1,415		$	-		$	(1,202	)	$	213
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			-			23			23
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,415			-			(1,179	)		236
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(41	)		-			-			(41	)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	1,374		$	-		$	(1,179	)	$	195
	Pension Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at April 1, 2018	$	1,132		$	(189	)	$	(715	)	$	228
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			(148	)		(337	)		(485	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,132			(337	)		(1,052	)		(257	)
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(58	)		87			-			29
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	1,074		$	(250	)	$	(1,052	)	$	(228	)
	Pension Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at January 1, 2019	$	1,451		$	-		$	(1,466	)	$	(15	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			-			287			287
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,451			-			(1,179	)		272
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(77	)		-			-			(77	)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	1,374		$	-		$	(1,179	)	$	195
	Pension Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at January 1, 2018	$	1,191		$	342		$	(687	)	$	846
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			(684	)		(365	)		(1,049	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,191			(342	)		(1,052	)		(203	)
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(117	)		92			-			(25	)
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	1,074		$	(250	)	$	(1,052	)	$	(228	)

23

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

All reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss had an impact on direct operating costs in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

9. Segment Reporting and Concentrations

The Company’s operations are classified in three reporting segments: Digital Data Solutions (DDS), Synodex and Agility PR Solutions (Agility).

The DDS segment specializes in combining deep neural networks and human expertise in multiple domains (including health, science, and law) to make “unstructured information” (sometimes referred to as “content”) useable. For business information companies, “useable” means that the content can be sold via subscription to a digital product. For enterprises, “useable” means that the content can drive digital process transformation and AI. The Company works with all classes of data, including sensitive and protected data.

The Synodex segment enables clients in the insurance and healthcare sectors to transform medical records into useable digital data and to apply technologies to the digital data to augment decision support.

The Agility segment provides tools and related professional services that enable PR and communications professionals to discover influencers, amplify messages, monitor coverage, and measure the impact of campaigns. Bulldog Reporter, a publisher of PR-related news and a popular e-newsletter, and the Bulldog Awards, a PR awards program that recognizes outstanding performance among PR and communications professionals and agencies, are properties of Agility.

A significant portion of the Company’s revenues is generated from its production facilities in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom and Israel.

24

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

Revenues from external clients and segment operating profit (loss), and other reportable segment information are as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenues:
DDS	$	10,052		$	10,826		$	20,229		$	21,303
Synodex		915			1,013			1,939			1,995
Agility		2,672			2,431			5,165			5,092
Total Consolidated	$	13,639		$	14,270		$	27,333		$	28,390
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(1):
DDS	$	153		$	456		$	227		$	1,112
Synodex		(130	)		88			(11	)		53
Agility		(584	)		(555	)		(1,256	)		(870	)
Total Consolidated	$	(561	)	$	(11	)	$	(1,040	)	$	295
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(2):
DDS	$	94		$	400		$	106		$	990
Synodex		(91	)		127			68			134
Agility		(564	)		(538	)		(1,214	)		(829	)
Total Consolidated	$	(561	)	$	(11	)	$	(1,040	)	$	295

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Total assets:
DDS	$	28,247	$	22,334
Synodex		399		787
Agility		23,954		22,930
Total Consolidated	$	52,600	$	46,051

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Goodwill:
Agility	$	2,095	$	2,050

⁽¹⁾ Before elimination of inter-segment profits

⁽²⁾ After elimination of inter-segment profits  

The following table summarizes revenues by geographic region (determined and based upon customer’s domicile) (in thousands):

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
United States	$	6,223	$	5,992	$	12,754	$	11,971
United Kingdom		2,408		3,029		4,726		5,984
The Netherlands		1,694		1,827		3,416		3,589
Canada		1,476		1,469		2,960		2,938
Other - principally Europe		1,838		1,953		3,477		3,908
	$	13,639	$	14,270	$	27,333	$	28,390

25

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

Long-lived assets of the Company as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, by geographic region, are comprised of the following (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2019		2018
United States	$	4,860	$	4,383
Foreign countries:
Canada		8,639		7,023
United Kingdom		1,964		2,045
Philippines		5,495		900
India		770		475
Sri Lanka		790		280
Israel		23		30
Germany		1		2
Total foreign		17,682		10,755
	$	22,542	$	15,138

Long lived assets include the unamortized balance of right of use assets amounting to $7.6 million as of June 30, 2019.

Two clients in the DDS segment generated approximately 26% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 31% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2018. No other client accounted for 10% or more of total revenues during these periods. Further, revenues from non-U.S. clients accounted for 54% and 58% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Two clients in the DDS segment generated approximately 26% of the Company’s total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 31% of the Company’s total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2018. No other client accounted for 10% or more of total revenues during these periods. Further, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, revenues from non-U.S. clients accounted for 53% and 58%, respectively, of the Company’s total revenues.

As of June 30, 2019, approximately 58% of the Company's accounts receivable was from foreign (principally European) clients and 36% of the Company’s accounts receivable was due from two clients. As of December 31, 2018, approximately 57% of the Company's accounts receivable was from foreign (principally European) clients and 48% of the Company’s accounts receivable was due from three clients.

26

INNODATA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2019 AND 2018

(Unaudited)

10. Loss Per Share

	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
	(in thousands)						(in thousands)
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$	(653	)	$	(466	)	$	(1,105	)	$	(734	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding		25,877			25,877			25,877			25,877
Dilutive effect of outstanding options		-			-			-			-
Adjusted for dilutive effects		25,877			25,877			25,877			25,877

Basic loss per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted income per share is computed by considering the impact of the potential issuance of common shares, using the treasury stock method, on the weighted average number of shares outstanding. For those securities that are not convertible into a class of common stock, the two-class method of computing income (loss) per share is used. Options to purchase 5.0 million and 3.5 million shares of common stock were outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, but not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

11. Derivatives

The effects of foreign currency forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
	2019		2018			2019		2018
Net gain (loss) recognized in OCI(1)	$	-	$	(148	)	$	-	$	(684	)
Net gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income(2)	$	-	$	(87	)	$	-	$	(92	)
Net gain recognized in income(3)	$	-	$	-		$	-	$	-

⁽¹⁾Net change in fair value of the effective portion classified into other comprehensive income ("OCI")

⁽²⁾Effective portion classified within direct operating costs

⁽³⁾There were no ineffective portions for the period presented.

27

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL

CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Disclosures in this Form 10-Q contain certain forward-looking statements, including without limitation, statements concerning our operations, economic performance, and financial condition. These forward-looking statements are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words “project,” “head start,” “believe,” “expect,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “intend,” “may,” “should,” “will,” "anticipate," "indicate," "point to," “forecast,” “predict,” “likely,” “goals,” “optimistic,” “foster,” “estimate,” “plan”, “potential”, or the negatives thereof, and other similar expressions generally identify forward-looking statements.

These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations, assumptions and estimates and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including, without limitation, that contracts may be terminated by clients; projected or committed volumes of work may not materialize; the primarily at-will nature of contracts with our Digital Data Solutions clients and the ability of these clients to reduce, delay or cancel projects; continuing Digital Data Solutions segment revenue concentration in a limited number of clients; continuing Digital Data Solutions segment reliance on project-based work; inability to replace projects that are completed, canceled or reduced; our dependency on content providers in our Agility segment; difficulty in integrating and deriving synergies from acquisitions, joint venture and strategic investments; potential undiscovered liabilities of companies and businesses that we may acquire; potential impairment of the carrying value of goodwill and other acquired intangible assets of companies and businesses that we acquire; changes in our business or growth strategy; depressed market conditions; changes in external market factors; the ability and willingness of our clients and prospective clients to execute business plans which give rise to requirements for our services; changes in our business or growth strategy; the emergence of new or growing competitors; various other competitive and technological factors; the Company’s use of and reliance on information technology systems, including potential security breaches, cyber-attacks, privacy breaches or data breaches that result in the unauthorized disclosure of consumer, customer, employee or Company information, or service interruptions; and other risks and uncertainties indicated from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Such risks and uncertainties may be in addition to the risk described in part I, Item 1A, “Risk factors;” Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations; and other parts of our Annual Report on Form 10-k for the year ended December 31,2018.

Our actual results could differ materially from the results referred to in the forward-looking statements. In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the results referred to in the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-Q will occur, and you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof.

We undertake no obligation to update or review any guidance or other forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required by the federal securities laws.

28

Business Overview

Innodata Inc. (NASDAQ: INOD) (including its subsidiaries, the “Company”, “Innodata”, “we” or “our”) is a global services and technology company. We combine human expertise with deep learning technologies to power leading information products and enterprise artificial intelligence (AI)/digital transformation.

The Company, founded in 1988 and headquartered in northern New Jersey, features a 3,500-strong global delivery and technology team spanning ten offices globally and a research and technology incubator, Innodata Labs, which focuses on applied machine learning and emerging artificial intelligence.

Our core services are (i) data acquisition, transformation, and enrichment at scale; (ii) digital operations management and analytics; and (iii) content applications. We report our core business as the Digital Data Solutions (DDS) segment.

We also have venture businesses that leverage our core capabilities to provide specific industry solutions. Our Synodex venture business delivers a software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform and managed services for digital transformation of medical data. Our Agility PR Solutions (Agility) venture business delivers a SaaS platform and managed service for delivering news, information, and content to targeted journalists and influencers, as well as monitoring and analyzing coverage across traditional and social media sources. Each venture business is reported as a separate segment.

Our Core Business (Digital Data Solutions (DDS) Segment)

We specialize in combining deep neural networks and human expertise in multiple domains (including health, science, and law) to make “unstructured information” (sometimes referred to as “content”) useable. For business information companies, “useable” means that the content can be sold via subscription to a digital product. For enterprises, “useable” means that the content can drive digital process transformation and AI. We work with all classes of data, including sensitive and protected data.

We also develop digital products for business information companies and digital systems which replace legacy systems and processes.

We continued to implement a strategy we initiated in 2017 focused on technology differentiation, increasingly taking an innovation-led approach to create value for clients while driving leaner, more cost-effective operations.

Our Approach: Deep Neural Networks and Experts-in-the-loop

Finding the right approach for mixing machines and experts-in-the-loop for each customer requirement is one of our core competencies. On the human side, we have over three thousand staff with deep domain expertise in legal, tax, regulatory, scientific, technical, and health-related content. Many hold advanced degrees. They work from our global operations centers in North and South America, Europe, Israel, India, Sri Lanka and the Philippines. Our operations centers in Asia are ISO 27001 certified. On the technology side, we use deep learning, a sophisticated machine learning technique which is a branch of artificial intelligence that has enjoyed great success in real-world applications.

29

In our approach, content is fed first into our deep learning machines that automate much of the work, but distinguish between what they can automatically process and what requires human intervention. Work that requires humans is “pushed” to human experts. Once human experts perform tasks, their output is then fed back to the machines, which, as a result, become “smarter” and achieve over time progressively greater levels of automation. (See “Our Technology and Infrastructure”, below.)

Our Customers

Our customers include leading digital businesses in banking and financial services, technology, and digital retailing and four of the largest information industry companies in the world, spanning financial, legal, healthcare and scientific vertical markets. Our customers often seek to use digital data in combination with AI to support their businesses or to digitally transform operations. Our information industry customers sell subscriptions to data products that require enhanced digital data.

Our Services

(i) Data Acquisition, Transformation, and Enrichment at Scale

In order to use content in an information product or in AI, there are often significant obstacles that must be overcome: the content may be contained in multiple websites; it may be in disparate formats; and it may lack the necessary semantics and metadata to make it product- or AI-ready. We overcome these obstacles by combining advanced technology and human subject matter experts, enabling us to produce highly refined product- and AI-ready content efficiently and at scale.

Acquiring unstructured data often involves monitoring thousands of sources such as websites in real-time for new or changing content and then automatically extracting the changed content. One of the challenges with web data monitoring and extraction is that the HTML code underlying web pages often changes, causing programs and scripts to break. We overcome this by using enterprise-class tools for content change detection and extraction. These tools use both machine learning-based visual data abstraction combined with traditional programmatic approaches. With visual abstraction, the technology knows what the content “looks like” and recognizes when a data element moves from one spot on a Web page to another.

Digital data transformation can refer to a large number of very specific tasks necessary to create well-structured, valid XML, such as text zoning, editing, format tagging, format conversion, extraction, cross-reference capture, and linking.

Digital data enrichment often includes structural tagging as well as semantic enrichment such as entity tagging and normalization. Data enrichment also includes text categorization - classifying content to systems that organize knowledge such as ontologies and knowledge graphs. This kind of enrichment enables powerful information retrieval and discovery and provides hooks for integration and interoperability.

30

(ii) Digital Operations Management and Analytics

We provide digital operations management and analytics for an increasing diversity of complex functions. At present, these include IP rights management, contract management, customer relations, data processing, regulatory reporting, publishing workflow management, publisher relationship management, and transaction management. Our services draw on a combination of industry and functional expertise from our thousands of global delivery resources, many with advanced degrees, augmented by sophisticated machine learning and robotics process automation (RPA) technology.

Our digital operations management solutions often leverage our core competency in augmenting human expert effort with advanced technology and configuring the technology to continually improve as a result of expert feedback. In this way, we provide high-quality, cost-effective solutions for our customers that become increasingly automated, resulting in further cost and improvements in both productivity and response time.

Many of the operations we manage are mission-critical for our customers (as opposed to back-office), are unique, and have multiple contingencies and potential points of failure. To manage this complexity, we have developed methodologies and best practices around process management and risk mitigation, and we work with clients at a strategic business and technology level.

(iii) Content Applications

We develop and maintain applications used in conjunction with product- or AI-ready content we create. Our content applications address knowledge representation, search/discovery, and digital transformation of customer workflows. Our scope of services spans full-stack development, knowledge engineering, and integration support.

Our Technology and Infrastructure

Our deep learning technologies are built on frameworks such as TensorFlow and Torch that layer algorithms to create artificial neural networks that continuously learn on the job, constantly improving the quality and accuracy of results.

Our content processing application infrastructure consists of three integrated tiers. The first tier is an orchestration layer featuring a console we use to configure our workflow engines. Each workflow is customized around the content acquisition, transformation, and enrichment tasks required to transform a specific input into a specific output. This is where we oversee and manage AI, setting our accuracy thresholds and quality assurance parameters to decide when cognitive tasks that have been performed by machines are sent for human review.

The second tier of our data processing application infrastructure is a microservices layer of deep learning networks which perform discrete tasks automatically. Microservices are invoked by workflows via RESTful APIs. Our deep neural networks are trained to understand domain-specific terms and meaning and can be deployed to enforce privacy and maintain customer-proprietary learning. We have built domain-specific and task-specific microservices that perform deep sequence labelling, text categorization, and computer vision. The technology works by observing text patterns using algorithms and assigning labels based on these observed values.

31

For each cognitive decision, the machines provide a result together with a confidence score. A high confidence score means the machine is confident that it has performed accurately, and the content is ready to be deployed in an information product or for AI. A low confidence score means expert review is required.

Our third layer is human experts-in-the-loop. When an expert review is required, the human experts use tools we refer to as “workbenches” to apply their expertise to a task. The workbenches are integrated with the microservice endpoints in one of two ways. In one deployment, only low-confidence data is sent to workbenches for human review. In an alternative deployment, we send both high-confidence and low-confidence data back to the workbench, displaying the confidence level for each decision taken by the machine. In both of these deployments, human-reviewed work is retroactively fed back into the deep neural network, enabling it to get smarter. The result is continuous, predicable improvement and progressively greater levels of automation.

Our data storage and application hosting platform has been built utilizing an innovative enterprise infrastructure platform enabling robust performance scaling, strong security, high availability, and advanced business continuity. We support a range of strategies to suit our customers’ needs for data security, compliance, scalability and reliability. We can host data and applications in our own data centers at our production facilities or we can utilize third-party cloud services which provide the benefit of “infinite scalability” of hardware resources. When we are processing sensitive information for banks and insurance companies, we utilize U.S.-based, co-located data centers in combination with advanced data encryption (both at rest and in motion to the Advanced Encryption Standard 256 or similar standard) and desktop virtualization technologies, ensuring that data never leaves secured environments in the U.S. We employ a range of security features including monitored firewalls and intrusion detection devices. We can deploy on-premises, as well, and our machine learning microservices can be consumed via API.

We comply with the requirements of the United States Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 as amended (HIPAA) (including by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Data (HITECH)) and the United Kingdom’s Data Protection Act 2018, as applicable. Innodata Inc. is certified to the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield framework, which certification includes Synodex and Agility as covered entities.

Our DDS segment includes our Innodata docGenix, LLC subsidiary (docGenix). As of June 30, 2019, Innodata Inc. owned 94% of docGenix.

Our Venture Businesses

Our venture businesses provide specific industry solutions. We have chosen to invest in these businesses because they leverage one or more of our core capabilities (typically data acquisition/transformation/enrichment at scale, content applications, and global workforce deployment), have attractive business models such as SaaS (software-as-a-service), and expand our addressable market. Each venture business is reported as its own business segment.

32

Synodex Segment

Synodex enables clients in the insurance and healthcare sectors to transform medical records into useable digital data and to apply technologies to the digital data to augment decision support.

The main focus of the Synodex business is the extraction and classification of data from unstructured medical records in an innovative way to provide improved data service capabilities for insurance underwriting, insurance claims, medical records management, life settlement claims, and clinical trial support services. Synodex has developed and deployed its APS.Extract^® product for specific use with life insurance underwriting and claims.

Our Synodex segment operates through our Innodata Synodex, LLC subsidiary. As of June 30, 2019, Innodata Inc. owned 92.5% of Innodata Synodex, LLC. More information about our Synodex segment can be found at www.synodex.com.

Agility Segment

Agility provides tools and related professional services that enable public relations (PR) and communications professionals to discover influencers, amplify messages, monitor coverage, and measure the impact of campaigns. Agility has been ranked as the #1 easiest to use media and influencer targeting platform and as a “momentum leader” based on company growth and customer satisfaction ratings, out-performing significantly larger, more established competitors.¹  The media intelligence solutions is highly fragmented, with only a limited number of providers of integrated solutions such as Agility.

Agility’s software-as-a-service (SaaS) tools include:

· An influencer targeting solution to help PR professionals identify influencers. The Agility media database includes detailed contact information for over 840,000 unique influencers globally including journalists, outlets, and bloggers. Live social media streams to allow users to research influencers by tracking activity and keywords across multiple social media channels.

· An outreach and content amplification solution enabling PR professionals to distribute news, information, and content to targeted influencers.

· Integrated newswire services.

· A media monitoring solution to help PR professionals track what is being said about their brand, industry or competitors and track engagement. Users can monitor and report on coverage across print, broadcast, online and social media sources, including AI-powered image monitoring. The self-serve monitoring tool enables users to create alerts, compile and share coverage briefings and clipbooks.

· A media analysis solution to help PR professionals analyze coverage, determine PR campaign reach and effectiveness, and create and distribute reports.

¹ G2 Crowd Inc., https://www.g2.com/categories/media-and-influencer-targeting

33

Agility’s professional services include:

· Media monitoring and PR measurement services delivered by a team of media analysts who use our SaaS monitoring solution to pull coverage and curate daily news briefs. This powerful media monitoring solution is for clients with complex monitoring or reporting requirements.

· Advanced PR reporting and measurement services including custom reports, PR measurement and social media / influencer analysis.

To provide our services, we maintain a big data engine that stores and indexes media content. We index approximately two billion media items each year.

Bulldog Reporter, a publisher of PR-related news and a popular e-newsletter, and the Bulldog Awards, a PR awards program that recognizes outstanding performance among PR and communications professionals and agencies, are properties of Agility. More information about our Agility segment can be found at www.agilitypr.com.

Revenues

Revenue Recognition – commencing January 1, 2018 we recognize revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised services is transferred to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those services as per the agreement with the customer. In case there are agreements with multiple performance obligations, we identify each performance obligation and evaluate whether the performance obligations are distinct within the context of the agreement at the agreement’s inception. Performance obligations that are not distinct at agreement inception are combined. We allocate the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation proportionately based on the estimated standalone selling price for each performance obligation, if any, and then evaluate how the services are transferred to the customer to determine the timing of revenue recognition.

For the DDS segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered or resources utilized in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. Revenues for agreements billed on a time-and-materials basis are recognized as services are performed. Revenues under fixed-fee agreements, which are not significant to the overall revenues, are recognized based on the proportional performance method of accounting, as services are performed, or milestones are achieved.

For the Synodex segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. A portion of our Synodex segment revenue is derived from licensing our functional software and providing access to our hosted software platform. Revenue from such services is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable.

34

The Agility segment derives its revenue primarily from subscription arrangements and provision of enriched media analysis services. It also derives revenue as a reseller of corporate communication solutions. Revenue from subscriptions is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable. Revenue from enriched media analysis services is recognized when the services are performed, and performance conditions are satisfied. Revenues from the reseller agreements, which are not significant to the overall revenues, are recognized at gross with our functioning as a principal due to our meeting the following criteria. We act as the primary obligor in the sales transaction; assume the credit risk; set the price; can select suppliers; and are involved in the execution of the services, including after sales service.

Revenues include reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses, with the corresponding out-of-pocket expenses included in direct operating costs.

We consider U.S. GAAP criteria for determining whether to report revenue gross as a principal versus net as an agent.  Factors considered include whether we are the primary obligor, have risks and rewards of ownership, and bear the risk that a customer may not pay for the services performed.  If there are circumstances where the above criteria are not met and therefore, we are not the principal in providing services, amounts received from customers are presented net of payments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Contract acquisition cost for our Agility segment is amortized over the term of the subscription agreement which normally has a duration of 12 months or less. We review these costs on a periodic basis to determine the need to adjust the carrying values for pre-terminated contracts.

Direct Operating Costs

Direct operating costs consist of direct payroll, occupancy costs, data center hosting fees, content acquisition costs, depreciation and amortization, travel, telecommunications, computer services and supplies, realized gain (loss) on forward contracts, foreign currency revaluation gain (loss), and other direct expenses that are incurred in providing services to our clients.

Selling and Administrative Expenses

Selling and administrative expenses consist of management and administrative salaries, sales and marketing costs including commissions, new services research and related software development, third-party software, advertising and trade conferences, professional fees and consultant costs, and other administrative overhead costs.

35

Valuation of Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The Company performs valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on each acquisition accounted for as a business combination and allocates the purchase price of each acquired business to its respective net tangible and intangible assets and liabilities. Acquired intangible assets principally consist of technology, customer relationships, backlog and trademarks. Liabilities related to intangibles principally consist of unfavorable vendor contracts. The Company determines the appropriate useful life by performing an analysis of expected cash flows based on projected financial information of the acquired businesses. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, which approximates the pattern in which the majority of the economic benefits are expected to be consumed. Intangible liabilities are amortized into direct operating costs ratably over their expected related revenue streams over their useful lives.

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the acquired net assets. The Company does not amortize goodwill but evaluates it for impairment at the reporting unit level annually during the third quarter of each fiscal year (as of September 30 of that quarter) or when an event occurs, or circumstances change, that indicates the carrying value may not be recoverable. In 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment. Under the newly adopted guidance, the optional qualitative assessment, referred to as “Step 0”, and the first step of the quantitative assessment (“Step 1”) remained unchanged versus the prior guidance. However, the requirement to complete the second step (“Step 2”), which involved determining the implied fair value of goodwill and comparing it to the carrying value of that goodwill to measure the impairment loss, was eliminated. As a result, Step 1 will be used to determine both the existence and amount of goodwill impairment. An impairment loss will be recognized for the amount by which the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying value of goodwill in that reporting unit.

Adjusted EBITDA

In addition to measures of financial performance presented in our consolidated financial statements, we monitor “Adjusted EBITDA” to help us evaluate our ongoing operating performance including our ability to operate the business effectively.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) attributable to Innodata Inc. and its subsidiaries in accordance with U.S. GAAP before income taxes, depreciation and amortization of intangible assets, impairment charges, stock-based compensation, loss attributable to non-controlling interests and interest income (expense).

We believe Adjusted EBITDA is useful to our management and investors in evaluating our operating performance and for financial and operational decision-making purposes. In particular, Adjusted EBITDA facilitates period-to-period comparisons of our operating results on a consistent basis by excluding items that are not reflective of our core operations or are not within our control, and helps us identify underlying trends in our business. In this regard, we believe it provides useful information about our operating results, enhances the overall understanding of our past performance and future prospects and allows for greater transparency with respect to key metrics used by management in our financial and operational decision-making. We also use this measure to establish operational goals for managing our business and evaluating our performance. 

36

Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for results reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

· Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect tax payments, and such payments reflect a reduction in cash available to us;

· Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs and for our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

· Adjusted EBITDA excludes the potential dilutive impact of stock-based compensation expense related to our workforce, interest income (expense) and net loss attributable to non-controlling interests, and these items may represent a reduction or increase in cash available to us;

· Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements or for new capital expenditure requirements; and

· Other companies, including companies in our own industry, may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently from our calculation, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

Adjusted EBITDA should be considered as a supplement to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, U.S. GAAP net income (loss).

The following tables reconcile net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA (loss) for the periods presented (in thousands):

Consolidated

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Adjusted EBITDA:
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$	(653	)	$	(466	)	$	(1,105	)	$	(734	)
Depreciation and amortization		752			840			1,561			1,724
Goodwill impairment		-			675			-			675
Stock-based compensation		145			131			273			271
Provision for income taxes		100			451			72			1,033
Interest expense, net		12			10			23			14
Non-controlling interests		(8	)		4			(7	)		(4	)
Adjusted EBITDA - Consolidated	$	348		$	1,645		$	817		$	2,979

37

DDS Segment 

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Adjusted EBITDA:
Net income (loss) attributable to DDS Segment	$	(22	)	$	(60	)	$	15		$	(59	)
Depreciation and amortization		365			461			790			963
Goodwill impairment		-			675			-			675
Stock-based compensation		127			129			244			267
Provision for income taxes		111			463			94			1,057
Interest expense, net		11			7			21			8
Non-controlling interests		2			(4	)		(6	)		(9	)
Adjusted EBITDA - DDS Segment	$	594		$	1,671		$	1,158		$	2,902

Synodex Segment

	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018		2019			2018
Adjusted EBITDA:
Net income (loss) attributable to Synodex Segment	$	(81	)	$	119	$	69		$	129
Stock-based compensation		3			-		6			-
Non-controlling interests		(10	)		8		(1	)		5
Adjusted EBITDA (loss) - Synodex Segment	$	(88	)	$	127	$	74		$	134

Agility Segment

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Adjusted EBITDA:
Net loss attributable to Agility Segment	$	(550	)	$	(525	)	$	(1,189	)	$	(804	)
Depreciation and amortization		387			379			771			761
Stock-based compensation		15			2			23			4
Provision for income taxes		(11	)		(12	)		(22	)		(24	)
Interest expense, net		1			3			2			6
Adjusted EBITDA loss - Agility Segment	$	(158	)	$	(153	)	$	(415	)	$	(57	)

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018

Revenues

Total revenues were $13.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $14.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, a decrease of approximately $0.7 million or 5%.

Revenues from the DDS segment were $10.0 million and $10.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a decrease of approximately $0.9 million or 8%. The decrease is attributable to lower volume from three clients.

Revenues from the Synodex segment were $0.9 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a decrease of $0.1 million or approximately 10%. This decrease is primarily attributable to lower volume from one client.

Revenues from the Agility segment were $2.7 million and $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, an increase of $0.3 million or approximately 13%. The increase is due to seasonal revenues from our annual Bulldog awards program of $0.1 million and $0.2 million increased revenues from subscriptions to our Agility database.

38

Two clients in the DDS segment generated approximately 26% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 31% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2018. No other client accounted for 10% or more of total revenues during these periods. Further, revenues from non-U.S. clients accounted for 54% and 58% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Direct Operating Costs

Direct operating costs were $9.6 million and $9.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a decrease of $0.3 million or 3%. Direct operating costs as a percentage of total revenues increased to 71% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to 69% for the three months ended June 30, 2018.

Direct operating costs for the DDS segment were approximately $7.1 million and $7.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a decrease of $0.6 million or 8%. Direct operating costs for the three months ended June 30, 2019 include a one-time charge of $400,000 for an assessment of retroactive foreign social security contributions as a result of a recent decision by the Supreme Court of India that affects companies generally. The decrease in direct operating costs is attributed to lower labor and reduced delivery center costs arising from continuing cost rationalization that commenced in the second half of 2017. Direct operating costs for the DDS segment as a percentage of DDS segment revenues were 71% for each of the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Direct operating costs for the Synodex segment were $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, net of intersegment profits. Direct operating costs for the Synodex segment as a percentage of revenues were 89% and 70% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Direct operating costs as a percentage of revenues increased in the second quarter of 2019 primarily due to revenue timing from one client combined with the cost of hardware and software upgrades which were expensed in the second quarter of 2019.

Direct operating costs for the Agility segment were $1.7 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The $0.2 million increase is primarily a result of expenditures in support of increased revenues. Direct operating costs for the Agility segment as a percentage of Agility segment revenues were 63% for each of the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Selling and Administrative Expenses

Selling and administrative expenses were $4.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $3.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, an increase of $0.9 million or approximately 24%. Selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues were 34% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 26% for the three months ended June 30, 2018. 

Selling and administrative expenses for the DDS segment were $2.9 million and $2.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, an increase of $0.8 million or 38%. The increase in selling and administrative expenses is primarily attributable to investing in our product and marketing strategic initiatives. As a percentage of DDS revenues, DDS selling and administrative expenses were 29% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 19% for the three months ended June 30, 2018. The increase in selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues is due to lower revenues combined with increased selling and administrative expenses.

39

Selling and administrative expenses for the Synodex segment were $0.2 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Selling and administrative expenses for the Synodex segment as a percentage of Synodex segment revenues were 22% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 20% for the three months ended June 30, 2018.

Selling and administrative expenses for the Agility segment were $1.5 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, an increase of $0.1 million or 7%. The $0.1 million increase is primarily a result of expenditures in support of increased revenues. Selling and administrative expenses for the Agility segment as a percentage of Agility segment revenues were 56% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 58% for the three months ended June 30, 2018.

Goodwill Impairment

During the three months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for the DDS segment. There was no goodwill impairment recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2019.

The Company periodically analyzes whether any indicators of impairment have occurred. As part of these periodic analyses, the Company compares its estimated fair value, as determined based on its stock price, to its net book value. The continued decline in the Company’s stock price was viewed by the Company as a triggering event under ASU 2017-04 which required an assessment for possible goodwill impairment as of June 30, 2018. Under the provisions of ASU 2017-04, which the Company opted to early adopt, goodwill impairment is recognized based on Step 1 of the current guidance, which calculates the carrying value in excess of the reporting unit’s fair value.

The Company performed this assessment as of June 30, 2018 and determined that the fair value of the Agility segment exceeded its carrying value, but the fair value of the DDS segment was below its carrying value. As a result, the Company recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for the DDS segment reporting unit as of June 30, 2018.

The Company will perform its annual goodwill assessment for the Agility segment as of September 30, 2019.

Income Taxes

We recorded a provision for income taxes of $0.1 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The $0.4 million decrease is primarily due to a higher tax provision by our foreign subsidiaries attributable to foreign exchange gains in the three months ended June 30, 2018.

Taxes primarily consist of a provision for foreign taxes recorded in accordance with the local tax regulations by our foreign subsidiaries. Effective income tax rates are disproportionate due to the losses incurred by our U.S. entity and our Canadian subsidiaries and a valuation allowance recorded on deferred taxes on these entities and tax effects of foreign operations, including foreign exchange gains and losses.

40

Net Loss

We incurred a net loss of $0.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to a net loss of $0.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2018.

The DDS segment was breakeven for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to net loss of $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, net of intersegment profits. Net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2019 include a one-time charge of $400,000 for an assessment of retroactive foreign social security contributions as a result of a recent decision by the Supreme Court of India that affects companies generally.

Net loss for the Synodex segment was $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to a net income of $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, net of intersegment profits.

Net loss for the Agility segment was $0.6 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was $0.3 million compared to $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018.

Adjusted EBITDA for the DDS segment was $0.6 million compared to $1.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a decrease of $1.1 million or 65%. The decrease is primarily attributable to $0.7 million of goodwill impairment, $0.3 million tax provision by our foreign subsidiaries attributable to foreign exchange gains and $0.1 million depreciation and amortization in the three months ended June 30, 2018.

Adjusted EBITDA for the Synodex segment was a loss of $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 compared to an income of $0.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, a decrease of $0.2 million. This decrease is primarily due to revenue timing from one client combined with the cost of existing hardware and software upgrades which were expensed in the second quarter of 2019.

Adjusted EBITDA for the Agility segment was a loss of $0.2 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018

Revenues

Total revenues were $27.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $28.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, a decrease of $1.1 million or 4%.

Revenues from the DDS segment were $20.2 million and $21.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a decrease of approximately $1.1 million or 5%. The decrease in revenues is primarily attributable to lower volume from one client.

41

Revenues from the Synodex segment were $1.9 million and $2.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a decrease of $0.1 million or 5%. This decrease is primarily due to revenue timing from one client.

Revenues from the Agility segment were $5.2 million and $5.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase is attributable to higher revenues from subscriptions to our Agility database.

Two clients in the DDS segment generated approximately 26% of the Company’s total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 31% of the Company’s total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2018. No other client accounted for 10% or more of total revenues during these periods. Further, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, revenues from non-U.S. clients accounted for 53% and 58%, respectively, of the Company’s total revenues.

Direct Operating Costs

Direct operating costs were $19.1 million and $19.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a decrease of $0.7 million or 4%. Direct operating costs as a percentage of total revenues were 70% for each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Direct operating costs for the DDS segment were approximately $14.2 million and $15.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, a decrease of $1.0 million or 7%.  Direct operating costs for the six months ended June 30, 2019 include a one-time charge of $400,000 for an assessment of retroactive foreign social security contributions as a result of a recent decision by the Supreme Court of India that affects companies generally. The decrease in direct operating costs is attributed to lower labor and reduced delivery center costs arising from continuing cost rationalization that commenced in the second half of 2017. Direct operating costs for the DDS segment as a percentage of DDS segment revenues were 70% and 71% for each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Direct operating costs for the Synodex segment were $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and $1.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, net of intersegment profits. Direct operating costs for the Synodex segment as a percentage of Synodex segment revenues were 84% and 75% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Direct operating costs as a percentage of revenues increased in the second quarter of 2019 primarily due to revenue timing from one client combined with the cost of hardware and software upgrades which were expensed in the second quarter of 2019.

Direct operating costs for the Agility segment were $3.3 million and $3.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The $0.2 million increase is primarily a result of expenditures in support of increased revenues. Direct operating costs for the Agility segment as a percentage of Agility segment revenues were 63% and 61% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  The increase is due to higher content related costs.

Selling and Administrative Expenses

Selling and administrative expenses were $9.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $7.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, an increase of $1.6 million or 21%. Selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues increased to 34% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 from 27% for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

42

Selling and administrative expenses for the DDS segment were $5.9 million and $4.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, an increase of $1.5 million or 34%. The increase in selling and administrative expenses is primarily attributable to investing in our product and marketing strategic initiatives. As a percentage of DDS revenues, DDS selling and administrative expenses were 29% and 21% for each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase in selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues is due to lower revenues combined with increased selling and administrative expenses.

Selling and administrative expenses for the Synodex segment were $0.3 million and $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Selling and administrative expenses for the Synodex segment as a percentage of Synodex segment revenues were 16% and 20% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Selling and administrative expenses for the Agility segment were $3.0 million and $2.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Selling and administrative expenses for the Agility segment as a percentage of Agility segment revenues were 58% and 55% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Goodwill Impairment

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for the DDS segment. There was no goodwill impairment recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2019.

We periodically analyze whether any indicators of impairment have occurred. As part of these periodic analyses, we compare the Company’s estimated fair value, as determined based on our stock price, to our net book value. The continued decline in our stock price was viewed as a triggering event under ASU 2017-04 which required an assessment for possible goodwill impairment as of June 30, 2018. Under the provisions of ASU 2017-04, which we opted to early adopt, goodwill impairment is recognized based on Step 1 of the current guidance, which calculates the carrying value in excess of the reporting unit’s fair value.

The Company will perform its annual goodwill assessment for the Agility segment as of September 30, 2019.

Income Taxes

We recorded a provision for income taxes of $0.1 million and $1.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The $0.9 million decrease is primarily due to a higher tax provision by our foreign subsidiaries attributable to foreign exchange gains in the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Taxes primarily consist of a provision for foreign taxes recorded in accordance with the local tax regulations by our foreign subsidiaries. Effective income tax rates are disproportionate due to the losses incurred by our U.S. entity and our Canadian subsidiaries and a valuation allowance recorded on deferred taxes on these entities. Some of our foreign subsidiaries are subject to tax holidays or preferential tax rates which reduce our overall effective tax rate when compared to the U.S. statutory tax rate.

43

The reconciliation of the U.S. statutory rate with the Company’s effective tax rate for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019 is summarized in the table below:

	June 30, 2019
Federal income tax expense at statutory rate		21.0	%
Effect of:
Tax effects of FX gains and losses		53.4
Change in valuation allowance		10.9
Increase in unrecognized tax benefits (FIN48)		(27.7	)
Tax effects of foreign operations		(61.3	)
Return to provision true up		0.4
Foreign rate differential		(0.1	)
Other		(3.5	)
Effective tax rate		(6.9	)%

Pursuant to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, during the fourth quarter of 2017, we recorded a one-time deemed repatriation of foreign earnings and profits (“E&P”) amounting to $25.8 million. No toll charge liability was recorded due to the available net operating loss carryforwards.

As of June 30, 2019, we performed a calculation of the GILTI provisions and concluded that it continues to have no impact on account of the net losses of our foreign subsidiaries.

Despite access to overseas earnings and the resulting toll charge, we intend to indefinitely reinvest foreign earnings in our foreign subsidiaries on account of the foreign jurisdiction withholding taxes that we would have to incur on the actual remittances. Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries amounted to approximately $19.4 million at June 30, 2019. If such earnings are repatriated in the future, or are no longer deemed to be indefinitely reinvested, we would have to accrue the applicable amount of foreign jurisdiction withholding taxes associated with such remittances.

44

We have a valuation allowance on all of our U.S. deferred tax assets on account of continuing losses incurred by our U.S. entity. In addition, we also have a valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets of our Canadian subsidiaries. Our Canadian subsidiaries also have research and development expenditures available to reduce taxable income in future years, which may be carried forward indefinitely. The potential benefits from these balances have not been recognized for financial statement purposes.

The Company is subject to Federal income tax, as well as income tax in various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company has open periods for U.S. Federal and state taxes from 2016 through 2019. Various foreign subsidiaries currently have open tax years from 2003 through 2018. Refer to Item 1, Note 3 for more information about Tax Assessments.

Net Loss

We incurred a net loss of $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $0.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

The DDS segment was breakeven for each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of intersegment profits. Net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2019 include a one-time charge of $400,000 for an assessment of retroactive foreign social security contributions as a result of a recent decision by the Supreme Court of India that affects companies generally.

The net income for the Synodex segment was $0.1 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, net of intersegment profits.

The net loss for the Agility segment was $1.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to a net loss of $0.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The $0.4 million increase in net loss is primarily a result of expenditures in support of increased revenues. 

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $0.8 million compared to Adjusted EBITDA of $3.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Adjusted EBITDA for the DDS segment was $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to $2.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, a decrease of $1.8 million or 62%. The decrease is primarily attributable to $1.1 million higher tax provision by our foreign subsidiaries due to foreign exchange gains and $0.7 million of goodwill impairment in the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Adjusted EBITDA was $0.1 million for the Synodex segment for each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Adjusted EBITDA for the Agility segment was a loss of $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to a break-even for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Selected measures of liquidity and capital resources, expressed in thousands, are as follows:

45

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	12,261	$	10,869
Working capital		10,784		12,981

At June 30, 2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of $12.3 million, of which $5.4 million was held by our foreign subsidiaries, and the $6.9 million balance was held in the United States. Based on our calculations, as a result of the one-time transition tax on the deemed repatriation of post-1986 undistributed foreign subsidiary earnings and profits, we will not have any liability for taxes with respect to repatriated foreign earnings under Internal Revenue Service Regulation 956 until our cumulative exposure for unrepatriated foreign earnings reaches a threshold of $25.8 million. Although we do not currently intend to repatriate amounts held by foreign subsidiaries, we could if needed repatriate these amounts less up to 21% in withholding taxes of foreign jurisdictions.

We have used, and plan to use, our cash and cash equivalents for (i) investments in the Agility segment; (ii) the expansion of our other operations; (iii) technology innovations; (iv) product management and strategic marketing; (v) general corporate purposes, including working capital; and (vi) possible business acquisitions. As of June 30, 2019, we had working capital of approximately $10.8 million, as compared to working capital of approximately $13.0 million as of December 31, 2018.

We did not have any material commitments for capital expenditures as of June 30, 2019.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents and internally generated funds will provide sufficient sources of liquidity to satisfy our financial needs for the next 12 months. However, we have no debt facilities or lines of credit, and reductions in our cash and cash equivalents from operating losses, capital expenditures, adverse legal decisions, acquisitions or otherwise would materially and adversely affect the Company.

Cash Flows

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Cash provided by our operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was $3.1 million primarily on account of the $2.4 million decrease in our accounts receivable and a $0.4 million increase in other working capital. This favorable result was reduced by our net loss of $1.1 million in the period. The reduction in accounts receivable is a result of improvements in our collection effort during the period. Refer to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for further details.

Our days’ sales outstanding (DSO) were 63 days for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 66 days for the year ended December 31, 2018. We calculate DSO for a reported period by first dividing the total revenues for the period by the average net accounts receivable for the period (which is the sum of the net accounts receivable at the beginning of the period and the net accounts receivable at the end of the period, divided by two), to yield an amount we refer to as the “accounts receivable turnover.” Then we divide the total number of days within the reported period by the accounts receivable turnover to yield DSO expressed in number of days.

46

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, cash used in our investing activities was $0.8 million. These expenditures principally consisted of purchases of technology equipment including servers, network infrastructure and workstations.

During the next 12 months, we anticipate that capital expenditures for ongoing technology, equipment and infrastructure upgrades will approximate $2.0 million to $2.5 million. The source of funds for the anticipated capital expenditures will be cash generated from our operations.

Net Cash Used in Financing Activities

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, cash used in financing activities was for payments of long-term obligations of $0.7 million.

Inflation, Seasonality and Prevailing Economic Conditions

Our most significant costs are the salaries and related benefits of our employees in Asia. We are exposed to higher inflation in wage rates in the countries in which we operate. We generally perform work for our clients under project-specific contracts, requirements-based contracts or long-term contracts. We must adequately anticipate wage increases, particularly on our fixed-price contracts. There can be no assurance that we will be able to recover cost increases through increases in the prices that we charge for our services to our clients.

Our quarterly operating results are subject to certain fluctuations. We experience fluctuations in our revenue and earnings as we replace and begin new projects, which may have some normal start-up delays, or we may be unable to replace a project entirely. These and other factors may contribute to fluctuations in our operating results from quarter to quarter. In addition, as some of our Asian facilities are closed during holidays in the fourth quarter, we typically incur higher wages, due to overtime, that reduce our margins.

Our Synodex subsidiary experiences seasonal fluctuations in revenues. Typically, revenue is lowest in the third quarter of the calendar year and highest in the fourth quarter of the calendar year. The seasonality is directly linked to the number of life insurance applications received by the insurance companies.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our results of operations, liquidity and capital resources is based on our consolidated financial statements which have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts and billing adjustments, long-lived assets, intangible assets, goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets, value of securities underlying stock-based compensation, litigation accruals, pension benefits, purchase price allocation of Agility, valuation of derivative instruments and estimated accruals for various tax exposures. We base our estimates on historical and anticipated results and trends and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, including assumptions as to future events. These estimates form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. By their nature, estimates are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. Actual results may differ from our estimates and could have a significant adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations and financial position. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant estimates and judgments in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

47

The significant accounting policies used in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements are the same as those described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, unless otherwise noted.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (“Subtopic 825-10”): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”), which updates certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2019, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, “Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefits Plans-General: Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans” (“ASU 2018-14”) that makes minor changes to the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement benefit plans. The guidance eliminates requirements for certain disclosures that are no longer considered cost beneficial and adds new disclosure requirements that the FASB considers pertinent. ASU 2018-14 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020 for public entities; early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the early adoption of ASU-2018-14 but do not expect it to have a material impact to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not applicable for smaller reporting companies.

48

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Under the supervision, and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined under Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e), as of June 30, 2019. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that, as of June 30, 2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended June 30, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Reference is made to the disclosure under “Legal Proceedings” in Part I, Item 3 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There were no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

49

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No.	Description
31.1*	Certificate of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*	Certificate of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2**	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101	The following materials from Innodata Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 (unaudited) and December 31, 2018; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited); (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited); (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).

* Filed herewith.

** In accordance with SEC Release 33-8238, Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 are being furnished and not filed.

50

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

INNODATA INC.

Date:	August 8, 2019	/s/ Jack Abuhoff
		Jack Abuhoff
		Chairman of the Board,
		Chief Executive Officer and President
Date:	August 8, 2019	/s/ Robert O’Connor
		Chief Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Jack Abuhoff, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Innodata Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: August 8, 2019

/s/ Jack Abuhoff

Jack Abuhoff

Chairman of the Board,

Chief Executive Officer and President

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Robert O’Connor, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Innodata Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: August 8, 2019

/s/ Robert O’Connor

Robert O’Connor

Chief Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Innodata Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Jack Abuhoff, Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

1. the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Jack Abuhoff

Jack Abuhoff

Chairman of the Board,

Chief Executive Officer and President

August 8, 2019

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF THE PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Innodata Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Robert O’Connor, Chief Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

1. the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Robert O’Connor

Robert O’Connor

Chief Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer

August 8, 2019

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jul. 31, 2019
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2019
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Entity Registrant Name	INNODATA INC
Entity Central Index Key	0000903651
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Trading Symbol	INOD
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Address, State or Province	NJ
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		25,952,454

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 12,261	$ 10,869
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $700 and $1,000, respectively	8,512	10,626
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	5,186	5,778
Total current assets	25,959	27,273
Property and equipment, net	6,960	6,813
Right of use asset	7,559	0
Other assets	2,218	2,436
Deferred income taxes	1,881	1,204
Intangibles, net	5,928	6,275
Goodwill	2,095	2,050
Total assets	52,600	46,051
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	1,833	1,834
Accrued expenses	3,357	2,903
Accrued salaries, wages and related benefits	3,753	4,494
Income and other taxes	4,231	3,532
Long-term obligations - current portion	838	1,529
Operating lease liability - current portion	1,163	0
Total current liabilities	15,175	14,292
Deferred income taxes	547	571
Long-term obligations, net of current portion	3,114	4,062
Operating lease liability, net of current portion	7,266	0
Non-controlling interests	(3,447)	(3,440)
Commitments and contingencies
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Serial preferred stock; 5,000,000 shares authorized, none outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $.01 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 27,633,000 shares issued and 25,952,000 outstanding at June 30, 2019; 27,558,000 shares issued and 25,877,000 outstanding at December 31, 2018	276	275
Additional paid-in capital	27,852	27,579
Retained earnings	6,244	7,349
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	195	(15)
Stockholders' Equity before Treasury Stock, Total	34,567	35,188
Less: treasury stock, 1,681,000 shares at cost	(4,622)	(4,622)
Total stockholders' equity	29,945	30,566
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 52,600	$ 46,051

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS [Parenthetical] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 700	$ 1,000
Serial preferred stock, shares authorized	5,000,000	5,000,000
Serial preferred stock, outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	75,000,000	75,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	27,633,000	27,558,000
Common stock, shares outstanding	25,952,000	25,877,000
Treasury stock, shares	1,681,000	1,681,000

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Revenues	$ 13,639	$ 14,270	$ 27,333	$ 28,390
Operating costs and expenses:
Direct operating costs	9,575	9,929	19,135	19,823
Selling and administrative expenses	4,613	3,667	9,215	7,583
Goodwill impairment	0	675	0	675
Interest expense, net	12	10	23	14
Totals	14,200	14,281	28,373	28,095
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	(561)	(11)	(1,040)	295
Provision for income taxes	100	451	72	1,033
Net loss	(661)	(462)	(1,112)	(738)
Income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests	(8)	4	(7)	(4)
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$ (653)	$ (466)	$ (1,105)	$ (734)
Loss per share attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries:
Basic and diluted	$ (0.03)	$ (0.02)	$ (0.04)	$ (0.03)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted	25,877	25,877	25,877	25,877
Comprehensive loss:
Net loss	$ (661)	$ (462)	$ (1,112)	$ (738)
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes	(41)	(58)	(77)	(117)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes	0	(61)	0	(592)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	23	(337)	287	(365)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(18)	(456)	210	(1,074)
Total comprehensive loss	(679)	(918)	(902)	(1,812)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributed to non-controlling interest	(8)	4	(7)	(4)
Comprehensive loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$ (671)	$ (922)	$ (895)	$ (1,808)

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (1,112)	$ (738)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,561	1,724
Goodwill impairment	0	675
Stock-based compensation	273	271
Deferred income taxes	(677)	243
Pension cost	240	(3)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	2,392	1,452
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	455	(1,505)
Other assets	224	266
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(160)	(971)
Accrued salaries, wages and related benefits	(759)	(628)
Income and other taxes	677	2,194
Net cash provided by operating activities	3,114	2,980
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(813)	(1,256)
Net cash used in investing activities	(813)	(1,256)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payment of long-term obligations	(699)	(1,371)
Issuance of restricted shares	1	0
Net cash used in financing activities	(698)	(1,371)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(211)	(54)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	1,392	299
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	10,869	11,407
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	12,261	11,706
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes	528	203
Cash paid for operating leases	$ 1,155	$ 1,308

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 31,119	$ 275	$ 27,275	$ 7,345	$ 846	$ (4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		25,877
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries	(268)	$ 0	0	(268)	0	0
Stock-based compensation	140	0	140	0	0	0
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes	(59)	0	0	0	(59)	0
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(28)	0	0	0	(28)	0
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes	(531)	0	0	0	(531)	0
Balance at Mar. 31, 2018	30,373	$ 275	27,415	7,077	228	(4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018		25,877
Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	31,119	$ 275	27,275	7,345	846	(4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		25,877
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries	(734)
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes	(117)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(365)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes	(592)
Balance at Jun. 30, 2018	29,582	$ 275	27,546	6,611	(228)	(4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2018		25,877
Balance at Mar. 31, 2018	30,373	$ 275	27,415	7,077	228	(4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018		25,877
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries	(466)	$ 0	0	(466)	0	0
Stock-based compensation	131	0	131		0	0
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes	(58)	0	0		(58)	0
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(337)	0	0		(337)	0
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes	(61)	0	0		(61)	0
Balance at Jun. 30, 2018	29,582	$ 275	27,546	6,611	(228)	(4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2018		25,877
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	30,566	$ 275	27,579	7,349	(15)	(4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		25,877
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries	(452)	$ 0	0	(452)	0	0
Issuance of restricted stock	6	$ 1	5	0	0	0
Issuance of restricted stock (shares)		75
Stock-based compensation	123	$ 0	123	0	0	0
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes	(36)	0	0	0	(36)	0
Foreign currency translation adjustment	264	0	0	0	264	0
Balance at Mar. 31, 2019	30,471	$ 276	27,707	6,897	213	(4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019		25,952
Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	30,566	$ 275	27,579	7,349	(15)	(4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018		25,877
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries	(1,105)
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes	(77)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	287
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes	0
Balance at Jun. 30, 2019	29,945	$ 276	27,852	6,244	195	(4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2019		25,952
Balance at Mar. 31, 2019	30,471	$ 276	27,707	6,897	213	(4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019		25,952
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and subsidiaries	(653)	$ 0	0	(653)	0	0
Issuance of restricted stock	9	$ 0	9	0	0	0
Issuance of restricted stock (shares)		0
Stock-based compensation	136	$ 0	136	0	0	0
Pension liability adjustments, net of taxes	(41)	0	0	0	(41)	0
Foreign currency translation adjustment	23	0	0	0	23	0
Change in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes	0
Balance at Jun. 30, 2019	$ 29,945	$ 276	$ 27,852	$ 6,244	$ 195	$ (4,622)
Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2019		25,952

XML

Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Business Description and Accounting Policies [Text Block]

1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business - Innodata Inc. (including its subsidiaries, “we”, the “Company”, or “Innodata”) is a global services and technology company. We combine human expertise with advanced deep learning technologies to power leading information products and enterprise AI (artificial intelligence)/digital transformation.

The Company, founded in 1988 and headquartered in northern New Jersey, features a 3,500-strong global delivery and technology team spanning ten offices globally and a research and technology incubator, Innodata Labs, which focuses on applied machine learning and emerging artificial intelligence.

The Company’s core services are (i) data acquisition, transformation, and enrichment at scale; (ii) digital operations management and analytics; and (iii) applications development. We report our core business as the Digital Data Solutions (DDS) segment.

The Company also has venture businesses that leverage its core capabilities to provide specific industry solutions. The Company’s Synodex venture business delivers a software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform and managed services for digital transformation of medical data. The Company’s Agility PR Solutions (Agility) venture business delivers a SaaS platform and managed service for delivering news, information, and content to targeted journalists and influencers, as well as monitoring and analyzing coverage across traditional and social media sources. Each venture business is reported as a separate segment.

The Company’s DDS segment specializes in combining artificial neural networks and human expertise in multiple domains (including health, science, and law) to make “unstructured information” (sometimes referred to as “content”) useable. For business information companies, “useable” means that the content can be sold via subscription to a digital product. For enterprises, “useable” means that the content can drive digital process transformation and artificial intelligence (AI). The Company works with all classes of data, including sensitive and protected data.

The Company also develops digital products for business information companies and digital systems which replace legacy systems and processes.

In 2019, the Company continues to execute a strategy we initiated in 2017 focused on technology differentiation, increasingly taking an innovation-led approach to create value for clients while driving leaner, more cost-effective operations.

The Company’s Synodex segment designs and develops new capabilities to enable clients in the insurance and healthcare sectors to transform medical records into useable digital data and to apply technologies to the digital data to augment decision support.

The main focus of the Synodex business is the extraction and classification of data from unstructured medical records in an innovative way to provide improved data service capabilities for insurance underwriting, insurance claims, medical records management, life settlement claims, and clinical trial support services.

The Company’s Synodex segment operates through the Company’s Innodata Synodex, LLC subsidiary. As of June 30, 2019, Innodata Inc. owned 92.5% of Innodata Synodex, LLC.

The Company’s Agility segment provides public relations (PR) tools and related professional services that enable PR and communications professionals to discover influencers, amplify messages, monitor coverage, and measure the impact of campaigns.

Agility’s software-as-a-service (SaaS) tools include:

	An influencer targeting solution to help PR professionals identify influencers. The Agility media database includes detailed contact information for over 840,000 unique influencers globally including journalists, outlets, and bloggers. Live social media streams to allow users to research influencers by tracking activity and keywords across multiple social media channels.
	An outreach and content amplification solution enabling PR professionals to distribute news, information, and content to targeted influencers.
	Integrated newswire services.
	A media monitoring solution to help PR professionals track what is being said about their brand, industry or competitors and track engagement. Users can monitor and report on coverage across print, broadcast, online and social media sources, including AI-powered image monitoring. The self-serve monitoring tool enables users to create alerts, compile and share coverage briefings and clipbooks.
	A media analysis solution to help PR professionals analyze coverage, determine PR campaign reach and effectiveness, and create and distribute reports.

Agility’s professional services include:

	Media monitoring and PR measurement services delivered by a team of media analysts who use the Company’s SaaS monitoring solution to pull coverage and curate daily news briefs. This powerful media monitoring solution is for clients with complex monitoring or reporting requirements.
	Advanced PR reporting and measurement services including custom reports, PR measurement and social media / influencer analysis.

Bulldog Reporter, a publisher of PR-related news and a popular e-newsletter, and the Bulldog Awards, a PR awards program that recognizes outstanding performance among PR and communications professionals and agencies, are properties of Agility.

Basis of Presentation - The condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods included herein are unaudited; however, they contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2019, the results of its operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and stockholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.

Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from these condensed consolidated financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC and, accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2018, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless otherwise noted, the accounting policies used in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements are the same as those described in the December 31, 2018 consolidated financial statements.

Principles of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Innodata Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, and the Synodex and docGenix limited liability companies that are majority-owned by the Company. The non-controlling interests in the Synodex and docGenix limited liability companies are accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) non-controlling interest guidance. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates - In preparing financial statements in conformity with US GAAP, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include those related to allowance for doubtful accounts and billing adjustments, long-lived assets, intangible assets, goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets, valuation of stock-based compensation, litigation accruals and estimated accruals for various tax exposures.

Revenue Recognition – Commencing January 1, 2018, the Company’s revenue recognition is in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company’s revenue is recognized when control of the promised services is transferred to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those services as per the agreement with the customer. In case there are agreements with multiple performance obligations, we identify each performance obligation and evaluate whether the performance obligations are distinct within the context of the agreement at the agreement’s inception. Performance obligations that are not distinct at agreement inception are combined. We allocate the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation proportionately based on the estimated standalone selling price for each performance obligation, if any, and then evaluate how the services are transferred to the customer to determine the timing of revenue recognition.

For the DDS segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered or resources utilized in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. Revenues for agreements billed on a time-and-materials basis are recognized as services are performed. Revenues under fixed-fee agreements, which are not significant to the overall revenues, are recognized based on the proportional performance method of accounting, as services are performed, or milestones are achieved.

For the Synodex segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. A portion of our Synodex segment revenue is derived from licensing our functional software and providing access to our hosted software platform. Revenue from such services is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable.

The Agility segment derives its revenue primarily from subscription arrangements and provision of enriched media analysis services. It also derives revenue as a reseller of corporate communication solutions. Revenue from subscriptions is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable. Revenue from enriched media analysis services is recognized when the services are performed, and performance conditions are satisfied. Revenues from the reseller agreements are recognized at gross with our functioning as a principal due to our meeting the following criteria. We act as the primary obligor in the sales transaction; assume the credit risk; set the price; can select suppliers; and are involved in the execution of the services, including after sales service.

Revenues include reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses, with the corresponding out-of-pocket expenses included in direct operating costs.         

We consider U.S. GAAP criteria for determining whether to report revenue gross as a principal versus net as an agent.  Factors considered include whether we are the primary obligor, have risks and rewards of ownership, and bear the risk that a customer may not pay for the services performed.  If there are circumstances where the above criteria are not met and therefore, we are not the principal in providing services, amounts received from customers are presented net of payments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Contract acquisition cost for our Agility segment is amortized over the term of the subscription agreement which normally has a duration of 12 months or less. We review these costs on a periodic basis to determine the need to adjust the carrying values for pre-terminated contracts.

Foreign Currency - The functional currency of the Company’s production operations located in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka and Israel is the U.S. dollar. Transactions denominated in Philippine pesos, Indian and Sri Lankan rupees or Israeli shekels are translated to U.S. dollars at rates using the average rates in effect on the transaction dates.

The functional currency for the Company’s subsidiaries in Germany, the United Kingdom and Canada are the Euro, the Pound Sterling and the Canadian dollar, respectively. The financial statements of these subsidiaries are prepared in these respective currencies. Financial information is translated from the applicable functional currency to the U.S. dollar (the reporting currency) for inclusion in the consolidated financial statements. Income, expenses and cash flows are translated at weighted average exchange rates prevailing during the fiscal period, and assets and liabilities are translated at fiscal period-end exchange rates. Resulting translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders' equity. Foreign exchange transaction gains or losses are included in direct operating costs in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

To the extent that the currencies of the Company’s production facilities located in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka and Israel fluctuate, the Company is subject to risks of changing costs of production after pricing is established for certain client projects. In addition, the Company is exposed to the risk of foreign currency fluctuation on the non-U.S. dollar denominated revenues, and on the monetary assets and liabilities held by its foreign subsidiaries that are denominated in local currency.

Income Taxes - Deferred taxes are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates, as well as any net operating loss or tax credit carryforwards expected to reduce taxes payable in future years. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. While the Company considers future taxable income in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, in the event that the Company determines that it would be able to realize the deferred tax assets in the future in excess of its net recorded amount, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would increase income in the period such determination was made. Similarly, in the event that the Company determines that it would not be able to realize the deferred tax assets in the future considering future taxable income, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would decrease income in the period such determination was made. Changes in the valuation allowance from period to period are included in the Company’s tax provision in the period of change. The Company indefinitely reinvests the foreign earnings in its foreign subsidiaries. Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries have been included in the consolidated financial statements without giving effect to the United States taxes that may be payable on distribution to the United States, because such earnings are not anticipated to be remitted to the United States.

In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considered whether it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the U.S. and Canadian deferred tax assets will not be realizable. As the expectation of future taxable income resulting from the Synodex and Agility segments cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company maintains a valuation allowance against all the U.S. and Canadian deferred tax assets.

The Company accounts for income taxes regarding uncertain tax positions, and recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Leases - In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” as modified (“ASU 2016-02”), which replaces existing leasing rules with a comprehensive lease measurement and recognition standard and expanded disclosure requirements. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets as liabilities, with corresponding “right-of-use” assets and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, subject to early adoption. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 effective January 1, 2019. Upon adoption, the Company recognized a right of use asset and corresponding lease liability. Refer to Note 6, Operating Leases.

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception date and requires an assessment of whether the fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset. A reassessment is made after inception of the lease only if one of the following applies:

a. there is a change in contractual terms, other than a renewal or extension of the arrangement;

b. a renewal option is exercised, or extension granted, unless the term of the renewal or extension was initially included in the lease term;

c. there is a change in the determination of whether fulfillment is dependent on a specified asset; or

d. there is a substantial change to the asset.

Whenever a reassessment is made, lease accounting shall commence or cease from the date when the change in circumstances gave rise to the reassessment for scenarios (a), (c) or (d) and at the date of renewal or extension period for scenario (b).

Leases where the lessor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Deferred Revenue - represents payments received from clients in advance of providing services and amounts deferred if conditions for revenue recognition have not been met. Included in accrued expenses on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is deferred revenue amounting to $1.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively.

 Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments – Overall (“Subtopic 825-10”): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“ASU 2016-01”), which updates certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2019, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, “Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General: Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans” (“ASU 2018-14”), that makes minor changes to the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement benefit plans. The guidance eliminates requirements for certain disclosures that are no longer considered cost beneficial and adds new disclosure requirements that the FASB considers pertinent. ASU 2018-14 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020 for public entities; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the early adoption of ASU-2018-14 but does not expect it to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

XML

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Text Block]

2. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,050
Foreign currency translation adjustment		45
Balance as of June 30, 2019	$	2,095
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	2,832
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(49	)
Goodwill impairment		(675	)
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	2,108

As of June 30, 2018, the Company recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for its DDS segment.

The Company periodically analyzes whether any indicators of impairment have occurred. As part of these periodic analyses, the Company compares its estimated fair value, as determined based on its stock price, to its net book value. The continued decline in the Company’s stock price was viewed by the Company as a triggering event under ASU 2017-04 which required an assessment for possible goodwill impairment as of June 30, 2018. Under the provisions of ASU 2017-04, which the Company opted to early adopt, goodwill impairment is recognized based on Step 1 of the current guidance, which calculates the carrying value in excess of the reporting unit’s fair value.

The Company performed this assessment as of June 30, 2018 and determined that the fair value of the Agility segment exceeded its carrying value, but the fair value of the DDS segment was below its carrying value. As a result, the Company recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for the DDS segment reporting unit as of June 30, 2018.

The Company will perform its annual goodwill assessment for the Agility segment as of September 30, 2019.

Information regarding the Company’s acquisition-related intangible assets was as follows (in thousands): 

	Developed technology		Customer relationships		Trademarks and tradenames		Patents		Media Contact Database		Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,999	$	2,081	$	855	$	42	$	3,546	$	9,523
Foreign currency translation		99		96		13		1		19		228
Balance as of June 30, 2019	$	3,098	$	2,177	$	868	$	43	$	3,565	$	9,751

	Developed technology			Customer relationships			Trademarks and tradenames			Patents			Media Contact Database			Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	3,204		$	2,264		$	884		$	46		$	3,647		$	10,045
Foreign currency translation		(107	)		(104	)		(13	)		(2	)		(21	)		(247	)
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	3,097		$	2,160		$	871		$	44		$	3,626		$	9,798

	Developed technology		Customer relationships		Trademarks and tradenames		Patents		Media Contact Database		Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	1,137	$	766	$	440	$	19	$	886	$	3,248
Amortization expense		154		90		60		1		179		484
Foreign currency translation		44		36		6		1		4		91
Balance as of June 30, 2019	$	1,335	$	892	$	506	$	21	$	1,069	$	3,823

	Developed technology			Customer relationships			Trademarks and tradenames			Patents		Media Contact Database			Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	902		$	645		$	330		$	15	$	547		$	2,439
Amortization expense		159			93			61			2		181			496
Foreign currency translation		(39	)		(33	)		(5	)		-		(3	)		(80	)
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	1,022		$	705		$	386		$	17	$	725		$	2,855

Amortization expense relating to acquisition-related intangible assets was $0.2 million for each of the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Amortization expense relating to acquisition-related intangible assets was $0.5 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

As of the date hereof, estimated amortization expense for intangible assets after June 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands): 

Year	Amortization
2019	$	487
2020		907
2021		907
2022		907
2023		907
Thereafter		1,813
	$	5,928

XML

Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]

3. Income Taxes

The Company recorded a provision for income taxes of $0.1 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively; and $0.1 million and $1.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Taxes primarily consist of a provision for foreign taxes recorded in accordance with the local tax regulations by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. Effective income tax rates are disproportionate due to the losses incurred by the Company’s U.S. entities and Canadian subsidiaries and a valuation allowance recorded on deferred taxes of these entities and tax effects of foreign operations, including foreign exchange gains and losses.

The reconciliation of the U.S. statutory rate with the Company’s effective tax rate for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019 is summarized in the table below: 

	June 30, 2019
Federal income tax expense at statutory rate		21.0	%
Effect of:
Tax effects of FX gains and losses		53.4
Change in valuation allowance		10.9
Increase in unrecognized tax benefits (FIN48)		(27.7	)
Tax effects of foreign operations		(61.3	)
Return to provision true up		0.4
Foreign rate differential		(0.1	)
Other		(3.5	)
Effective tax rate		(6.9	)%

Pursuant to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, during the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company recorded a one-time deemed repatriation of foreign earnings and profits (“E&P”) amounting to $25.8 million. No toll charge liability was recorded due to the available net operating loss carryforwards.

As of June 30, 2019, the Company performed a calculation of the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) provisions and concluded that it continues to have no impact on account of the net losses of our foreign subsidiaries.

The following table presents a roll-forward of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits and associated interest for the six months ended June 30, 2019 (in thousands):

	Unrecognized tax benefits
Balance - January 1, 2019	$	2,424
Increase in tax position		183
Interest accrual		88
Foreign currency remeasurement		34
Balance - June 30, 2019	$	2,729

The Company had unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $2.7 million and $2.4 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The portion of unrecognized tax benefits relating to an increase in tax positions was approximately $0.2 million while the portion of unrecognized tax benefits relating to interest and penalties was approximately $0.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019. The unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, if recognized, would have an impact on the Company’s effective tax rate.

The Company is subject to Federal income tax, as well as income tax in various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company has open periods for U.S. Federal and state taxes from 2015 through 2018. Various foreign subsidiaries currently have open tax years from 2003 through 2018.

Tax Assessments

In September 2015, the Company’s Indian subsidiary was subject to an inquiry by the Service Tax Department in India regarding the classification of services provided by this subsidiary, asserting that the services provided by this subsidiary fall under the category of online information and database access or retrieval services (OID Services), and not under the category of business support services (BS Services) that are exempt from service tax as historically indicated in the subsidiary’s service tax filings. Management disagrees with the Service Tax Department’s position and is vigorously contesting these assertions. In the event the Service Tax Department is successful in proving that the services fall under the category of OID Services, the revenues earned by the Company’s Indian subsidiary for the period July 2012 through November 2016 would be subject to a service tax of between 12.36% and 15%. The revenue of our Indian subsidiary during this period was approximately $68.3 million. In accordance with new rules promulgated by the Service Tax Department, as of December 1, 2016 service tax is no longer applicable to OID or BS Services. Based on the assessment of the Company’s counsel, the Company has not recorded any tax liability for this case.

In October 2016, the Company’s Indian subsidiary received notices of appeal from the Indian Service Tax Department in India seeking to reverse service tax refunds of approximately $160,000 previously granted to our Indian subsidiary for three quarters in 2014, asserting that the services provided by this subsidiary fall under the category of OID Services and not BS Services. The appeal was determined in favor of the Service Tax Department. Management disagrees with the basis of this decision and is contesting it vigorously. The Company expects delays in its Indian subsidiary receiving further service tax refunds until this matter is adjudicated with finality, and currently has service tax credits of approximately $1.0 million recorded as a receivable. Based on the assessment of the Company’s counsel, the Company has not recorded any tax liability for this case.

XML

Commitments and contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]

4. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation – In 2008, a judgment was rendered in the Philippines against a Philippine subsidiary of the Company that is no longer active and purportedly also against Innodata Inc., in favor of certain former employees of the Philippine subsidiary. The payment amount aggregates to approximately $6.2 million, plus legal interest that accrued at 12% per annum from August 13, 2008 to June 30, 2013, and thereafter accrued and continues to accrue at 6% per annum. The payment amount as expressed in U.S. dollars varies with the Philippine peso to U.S. dollar exchange rate. In December 2017, a group of 97 of the former employees of the Philippine subsidiary indicated that they proposed to record the judgment as to them in New Jersey. In January 2018, in response to an action initiated by Innodata Inc., the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (the “USDC”) entered a preliminary injunction that enjoins these former employees from pursuing or seeking recognition or enforcement of the judgment against Innodata Inc. in the United States during the pendency of the action and until further order of the USDC. In June 2018, the USDC entered a consent order administratively closing the action subject to return of the action to the active docket upon the written request of Innodata Inc. or the former employees, with the USDC retaining jurisdiction over the matter and the preliminary injunction remaining in full force and effect.

The Company is also subject to various other legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business.

While management currently believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or overall trends in consolidated results of operations, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties. Substantial recovery against the Company in the above-referenced Philippine action could have a material adverse impact on the Company, and unfavorable rulings or recoveries in the other proceedings could have a material adverse impact on the consolidated operating results of the period in which the ruling or recovery occurs. In addition, the Company’s estimate of potential impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or overall consolidated results of operations for the above referenced legal proceedings could change in the future.

The Company’s legal reserves related to legal proceedings and claims are based on a determination of whether or not a loss is probable. The Company reviews outstanding proceedings and claims with external counsel to assess probability and estimates of loss. The reserves are adjusted if necessary. While the Company intends to defend against these matters vigorously, adverse outcomes that it estimates could reach approximately $275,000 in the aggregate beyond recorded amounts are reasonably possible. If circumstances change, the Company may be required to record adjustments that could be material to its reported consolidated financial condition and results of operations.

XML

Stock Options

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]

5. Stock Options

The Innodata Inc. 2013 Stock Plan, as amended and restated effective June 7, 2016, is referred to herein as the “Plan.” The number of shares of common stock of Innodata Inc. that may be delivered, purchased or used for reference purposes (with respect to stock appreciation rights or stock units) for awards granted under the Plan after June 7, 2016 is 5,858,892 (the “Share Reserve”). Shares subject to an option or stock appreciation right granted under the Plan after June 7, 2016 count against the Share Reserve as one share for every share granted, and shares subject to any other type of award granted under the Plan after June 7, 2016 count against the Share Reserve as two shares for every share granted. Any award, or portion of an award, under the Plan or under the Company’s 2009 Stock Plan (as amended and restated (the “Prior Plan”)) that expires or terminates unexercised, becomes unexercisable or is forfeited or otherwise terminated, surrendered or canceled as to any shares without delivery of shares or other consideration will be added back to the Share Reserve as one share for each such share that was subject to an option or stock appreciation right granted under the Plan or the Prior Plan, and two shares for each such share that was subject to an award other than an option or stock appreciation right granted under the Plan or the Prior Plan. If any shares are withheld, tendered or exchanged by a participant in the Plan as full or partial payment to Innodata of the exercise price under an option under the Plan or the Prior Plan or in satisfaction of a participant’s tax withholding obligations with respect to any award under the Plan or the Prior Plan, there will be added back to the Share Reserve one share for each such share that was withheld, tendered or exchanged in respect of an option or stock appreciation right granted under the Plan or the Prior Plan, and two shares for each such share that was withheld, tendered or exchanged in respect of an award other than an option or stock appreciation right granted under the Plan or the Prior Plan.

A summary of stock option activity under the Plan as of June 30, 2019, and changes during the six months then ended, are presented below:

	Number of Options			Weighted - Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2019		4,982,040		$	2.14
Granted		220,000			1.38
Exercised		-
Forfeited/Expired		(174,237	)		2.04
Outstanding at June 30, 2019		5,027,803		$	2.11		6.27	$	-
Exercisable at June 30, 2019		3,564,211		$	2.49		5.13	$	-
Vested and Expected to Vest at June 30, 2019		5,027,803		$	2.11		6.27	$	-

The fair value of stock options is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The weighted average fair value of the options granted, and weighted average assumptions were as follows: 

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
Weighted average fair value of options granted	$	0.64		$	-
Risk-free interest rate		2.55	%		-
Expected life (years)		6			-
Expected volatility factor		45	%		-
Expected dividends		None			-

A summary of restricted shares under the Company’s Plan as of June 30, 2019 are presented below:

	Number of Shares		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Granted		75,000		1.38
Vested		-		-
Forfeited/Expired		-		-
Unvested at June 30, 2019		75,000	$	1.38

The compensation cost related to non-vested stock options and restricted stock awards not yet recognized as of June 30, 2019 totaled approximately $0.9 million. The weighted average period over which these costs will be recognized is 24 months.

The stock-based compensation expense related to the Company’s various stock awards was allocated as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Direct operating costs	$	20	$	55	$	38	$	109
Selling and administrative expenses		125		76		235		162
Total stock-based compensation	$	145	$	131	$	273	$	271

XML

Operating Leases

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Leases, Operating [Abstract]

Lessee, Operating Leases [Text Block]

6. Operating Leases

The Company has various operating lease agreements for its offices and service delivery centers. The Company has determined that the risks and benefits related to the leased properties are retained by the lessors. Accordingly, these are accounted for as operating leases.

These lease agreements are for terms ranging from two to 11 years and, in most cases, provide for rental escalations ranging from 1.75% to 10%. Most of these agreements are renewable at the mutual consent of the parties in the contract.

The Company adopted ASU Topic 842 - Leases beginning January 1, 2019 and adopted the practical expedients consistently for all its leases. Accordingly, the Company:

1. Did not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases.

2. Did not reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases.

3. Did not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases.

In addition, the Company elected to retrospectively determine the lease term and assess impairment of the right of use asset.

At the date of transition, the Company recognized an operating lease liability and right of use asset. The amount of lease liability is equal to the present value of the remaining lease payments as of January 1, 2019 discounted using the incremental borrowing rate of each respective country.

A right of use asset is measured at the amount of the lease liability adjusted for the amount of deferred straight-line rent, prepaid rent and lease incentive allowances previously recognized.

The table below summarizes the amounts recognized in the financial statements related to operating leases for the periods presented (in thousands):

	For the three months ended		For the six months ended
	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2019
Rent expense for long-term operating leases	$	453	$	907
Rent expense for short-term leases		85		172
Total rent expense	$	538	$	1,079

The following table presents the maturity profile of the Company’s operating lease liabilities based on the contractual undiscounted payments with a reconciliation of these amounts to the remaining net present value of the operating lease liability reported in the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2019 (in thousands).

Year	Amount
2019	$	930
2020		1,757
2021		1,341
2022		1,258
2023		1,051
2024 and thereafter		5,701
Total lease payments		12,038
Less: Interest		(3,609	)
Net present value of lease liabilities	$	8,429
Current portion	$	1,163
Long term portion		7,266
Total	$	8,429

The weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates for all of our operating leases as of June 30, 2019 were as follows:

Weighted average lease term remaining	73 months
Weighted average discount rate		8.98	%

XML

Long-term Obligations

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt Disclosure [Text Block]

7. Long-term Obligations

Total long-term obligations of the Company as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Pension obligations - accrued pension liability	$	2,750	$	2,591
Settlement agreement (1)		810		1,010
Capital lease obligations		290		574
Microsoft licenses (2)		102		355
Deferred lease payments		-		489
Lease incentive liability		-		572
		3,952		5,591
Less: Current portion of long-term obligations		838		1,529
Totals	$	3,114	$	4,062

 (1) Represents payment to be made pursuant to a settlement agreement between a subsidiary of the Company and 19 former employees of such subsidiary in December of 2018. The balance is payable in monthly installments through March 2023.

(2) In March 2017, the Company renewed a vendor agreement to acquire certain additional software licenses and to receive support and subsequent software upgrades on these and other currently owned software licenses through February 2020. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company is obligated to pay approximately $0.4 million annually over the term of the agreement.

XML

Comprehensive loss

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Comprehensive Income (Loss) Note [Text Block]

8. Comprehensive Loss

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, as reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, consists of pension liability adjustments, net of taxes, foreign currency translation adjustments, net of taxes and changes in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes. The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of June 30, 2019, and reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, were as follows (net of tax) (in thousands):

	Pension Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance at April 1, 2019	$	1,415		$	-	$	(1,202	)	$	213
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			-		23			23
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,415			-		(1,179	)		236
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(41	)		-		-			(41	)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	1,374		$	-	$	(1,179	)	$	195

	Pension  Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at April 1, 2018	$	1,132		$	(189	)	$	(715	)	$	228
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			(148	)		(337	)		(485	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,132			(337	)		(1,052	)		(257	)
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(58	)		87			-			29
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	1,074		$	(250	)	$	(1,052	)	$	(228	)

	Pension Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at January 1, 2019	$	1,451		$	-	$	(1,466	)	$	(15	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			-		287			287
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,451			-		(1,179	)		272
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(77	)		-		-			(77	)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	1,374		$	-	$	(1,179	)	$	195

	Pension Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at January 1, 2018	$	1,191		$	342		$	(687	)	$	846
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			(684	)		(365	)		(1,049	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,191			(342	)		(1,052	)		(203	)
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(117	)		92			-			(25	)
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	1,074		$	(250	)	$	(1,052	)	$	(228	)

All reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss had an impact on direct operating costs in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

XML

Segment Reporting and Concentrations

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Reporting Disclosure [Text Block]

9. Segment Reporting and Concentrations

The Company’s operations are classified in three reporting segments: Digital Data Solutions (DDS), Synodex and Agility PR Solutions (Agility).

The DDS segment specializes in combining deep neural networks and human expertise in multiple domains (including health, science, and law) to make “unstructured information” (sometimes referred to as “content”) useable. For business information companies, “useable” means that the content can be sold via subscription to a digital product. For enterprises, “useable” means that the content can drive digital process transformation and AI. The Company works with all classes of data, including sensitive and protected data.

The Synodex segment enables clients in the insurance and healthcare sectors to transform medical records into useable digital data and to apply technologies to the digital data to augment decision support.

The Agility segment provides tools and related professional services that enable PR and communications professionals to discover influencers, amplify messages, monitor coverage, and measure the impact of campaigns. Bulldog Reporter, a publisher of PR-related news and a popular e-newsletter, and the Bulldog Awards, a PR awards program that recognizes outstanding performance among PR and communications professionals and agencies, are properties of Agility.

A significant portion of the Company’s revenues is generated from its production facilities in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom and Israel.

Revenues from external clients and segment operating profit (loss), and other reportable segment information are as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenues:
DDS	$	10,052		$	10,826		$	20,229		$	21,303
Synodex		915			1,013			1,939			1,995
Agility		2,672			2,431			5,165			5,092
Total Consolidated	$	13,639		$	14,270		$	27,333		$	28,390
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(1):
DDS	$	153		$	456		$	227		$	1,112
Synodex		(130	)		88			(11	)		53
Agility		(584	)		(555	)		(1,256	)		(870	)
Total Consolidated	$	(561	)	$	(11	)	$	(1,040	)	$	295
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(2):
DDS	$	94		$	400		$	106		$	990
Synodex		(91	)		127			68			134
Agility		(564	)		(538	)		(1,214	)		(829	)
Total Consolidated	$	(561	)	$	(11	)	$	(1,040	)	$	295

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Total assets:
DDS	$	28,247	$	22,334
Synodex		399		787
Agility		23,954		22,930
Total Consolidated	$	52,600	$	46,051

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Goodwill:
Agility	$	2,095	$	2,050

(1) Before elimination of inter-segment profits

(2) After elimination of inter-segment profits  

The following table summarizes revenues by geographic region (determined and based upon customer’s domicile) (in thousands):

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
United States	$	6,223	$	5,992	$	12,754	$	11,971
United Kingdom		2,408		3,029		4,726		5,984
The Netherlands		1,694		1,827		3,416		3,589
Canada		1,476		1,469		2,960		2,938
Other - principally Europe		1,838		1,953		3,477		3,908
	$	13,639	$	14,270	$	27,333	$	28,390

Long-lived assets of the Company as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, by geographic region, are comprised of the following (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2019		2018
United States	$	4,860	$	4,383
Foreign countries:
Canada		8,639		7,023
United Kingdom		1,964		2,045
Philippines		5,495		900
India		770		475
Sri Lanka		790		280
Israel		23		30
Germany		1		2
Total foreign		17,682		10,755
	$	22,542	$	15,138

Long lived assets include the unamortized balance of right of use assets amounting to $7.6 million as of June 30, 2019.

Two clients in the DDS segment generated approximately 26% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 31% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2018. No other client accounted for 10% or more of total revenues during these periods. Further, revenues from non-U.S. clients accounted for 54% and 58% of the Company’s total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Two clients in the DDS segment generated approximately 26% of the Company’s total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 31% of the Company’s total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2018. No other client accounted for 10% or more of total revenues during these periods. Further, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, revenues from non-U.S. clients accounted for 53% and 58%, respectively, of the Company’s total revenues.

As of June 30, 2019, approximately 58% of the Company's accounts receivable was from foreign (principally European) clients and 36% of the Company’s accounts receivable was due from two clients. As of December 31, 2018, approximately 57% of the Company's accounts receivable was from foreign (principally European) clients and 48% of the Company’s accounts receivable was due from three clients.

XML

Loss Per Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share [Text Block]

10. Loss Per Share

	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
	(in thousands)						(in thousands)
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$	(653	)	$	(466	)	$	(1,105	)	$	(734	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding		25,877			25,877			25,877			25,877
Dilutive effect of outstanding options		-			-			-			-
Adjusted for dilutive effects		25,877			25,877			25,877			25,877

Basic loss per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted income per share is computed by considering the impact of the potential issuance of common shares, using the treasury stock method, on the weighted average number of shares outstanding. For those securities that are not convertible into a class of common stock, the two-class method of computing income (loss) per share is used. Options to purchase 5.0 million and 3.5 million shares of common stock were outstanding as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, but not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

XML

Derivatives

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Text Block]

11. Derivatives

The effects of foreign currency forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
	2019		2018			2019		2018
Net gain (loss) recognized in OCI(1)	$	-	$	(148	)	$	-	$	(684	)
Net gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income(2)	$	-	$	(87	)	$	-	$	(92	)
Net gain recognized in income(3)	$	-	$	-		$	-	$	-

(1)Net change in fair value of the effective portion classified into other comprehensive income ("OCI")

(2)Effective portion classified within direct operating costs

(3)There were no ineffective portions for the period presented.

XML

Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Business Combinations Policy [Policy Text Block]

Description of Business - Innodata Inc. (including its subsidiaries, “we”, the “Company”, or “Innodata”) is a global services and technology company. We combine human expertise with advanced deep learning technologies to power leading information products and enterprise AI (artificial intelligence)/digital transformation.

The Company, founded in 1988 and headquartered in northern New Jersey, features a 3,500-strong global delivery and technology team spanning ten offices globally and a research and technology incubator, Innodata Labs, which focuses on applied machine learning and emerging artificial intelligence.

The Company’s core services are (i) data acquisition, transformation, and enrichment at scale; (ii) digital operations management and analytics; and (iii) applications development. We report our core business as the Digital Data Solutions (DDS) segment.

The Company also has venture businesses that leverage its core capabilities to provide specific industry solutions. The Company’s Synodex venture business delivers a software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform and managed services for digital transformation of medical data. The Company’s Agility PR Solutions (Agility) venture business delivers a SaaS platform and managed service for delivering news, information, and content to targeted journalists and influencers, as well as monitoring and analyzing coverage across traditional and social media sources. Each venture business is reported as a separate segment.

The Company’s DDS segment specializes in combining artificial neural networks and human expertise in multiple domains (including health, science, and law) to make “unstructured information” (sometimes referred to as “content”) useable. For business information companies, “useable” means that the content can be sold via subscription to a digital product. For enterprises, “useable” means that the content can drive digital process transformation and artificial intelligence (AI). The Company works with all classes of data, including sensitive and protected data.

The Company also develops digital products for business information companies and digital systems which replace legacy systems and processes.

In 2019, the Company continues to execute a strategy we initiated in 2017 focused on technology differentiation, increasingly taking an innovation-led approach to create value for clients while driving leaner, more cost-effective operations.

The Company’s Synodex segment designs and develops new capabilities to enable clients in the insurance and healthcare sectors to transform medical records into useable digital data and to apply technologies to the digital data to augment decision support.

The main focus of the Synodex business is the extraction and classification of data from unstructured medical records in an innovative way to provide improved data service capabilities for insurance underwriting, insurance claims, medical records management, life settlement claims, and clinical trial support services.

The Company’s Synodex segment operates through the Company’s Innodata Synodex, LLC subsidiary. As of June 30, 2019, Innodata Inc. owned 92.5% of Innodata Synodex, LLC.

The Company’s Agility segment provides public relations (PR) tools and related professional services that enable PR and communications professionals to discover influencers, amplify messages, monitor coverage, and measure the impact of campaigns.

Agility’s software-as-a-service (SaaS) tools include:

	An influencer targeting solution to help PR professionals identify influencers. The Agility media database includes detailed contact information for over 840,000 unique influencers globally including journalists, outlets, and bloggers. Live social media streams to allow users to research influencers by tracking activity and keywords across multiple social media channels.
	An outreach and content amplification solution enabling PR professionals to distribute news, information, and content to targeted influencers.
	Integrated newswire services.
	A media monitoring solution to help PR professionals track what is being said about their brand, industry or competitors and track engagement. Users can monitor and report on coverage across print, broadcast, online and social media sources, including AI-powered image monitoring. The self-serve monitoring tool enables users to create alerts, compile and share coverage briefings and clipbooks.
	A media analysis solution to help PR professionals analyze coverage, determine PR campaign reach and effectiveness, and create and distribute reports.

Agility’s professional services include:

	Media monitoring and PR measurement services delivered by a team of media analysts who use the Company’s SaaS monitoring solution to pull coverage and curate daily news briefs. This powerful media monitoring solution is for clients with complex monitoring or reporting requirements.
	Advanced PR reporting and measurement services including custom reports, PR measurement and social media / influencer analysis.

Bulldog Reporter, a publisher of PR-related news and a popular e-newsletter, and the Bulldog Awards, a PR awards program that recognizes outstanding performance among PR and communications professionals and agencies, are properties of Agility.

Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Presentation - The condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods included herein are unaudited; however, they contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2019, the results of its operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and stockholders’ equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year.

Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from these condensed consolidated financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC and, accordingly, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2018, included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless otherwise noted, the accounting policies used in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements are the same as those described in the December 31, 2018 consolidated financial statements.

Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Principles of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Innodata Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, and the Synodex and docGenix limited liability companies that are majority-owned by the Company. The non-controlling interests in the Synodex and docGenix limited liability companies are accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) non-controlling interest guidance. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates - In preparing financial statements in conformity with US GAAP, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include those related to allowance for doubtful accounts and billing adjustments, long-lived assets, intangible assets, goodwill, valuation of deferred tax assets, valuation of stock-based compensation, litigation accruals and estimated accruals for various tax exposures.

Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Revenue Recognition – Commencing January 1, 2018, the Company’s revenue recognition is in accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company’s revenue is recognized when control of the promised services is transferred to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those services as per the agreement with the customer. In case there are agreements with multiple performance obligations, we identify each performance obligation and evaluate whether the performance obligations are distinct within the context of the agreement at the agreement’s inception. Performance obligations that are not distinct at agreement inception are combined. We allocate the transaction price to each distinct performance obligation proportionately based on the estimated standalone selling price for each performance obligation, if any, and then evaluate how the services are transferred to the customer to determine the timing of revenue recognition.

For the DDS segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered or resources utilized in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. Revenues for agreements billed on a time-and-materials basis are recognized as services are performed. Revenues under fixed-fee agreements, which are not significant to the overall revenues, are recognized based on the proportional performance method of accounting, as services are performed, or milestones are achieved.

For the Synodex segment, revenue is recognized primarily based on the quantity delivered in the period in which services are performed and performance conditions are satisfied as per the agreement. A portion of our Synodex segment revenue is derived from licensing our functional software and providing access to our hosted software platform. Revenue from such services is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable.

The Agility segment derives its revenue primarily from subscription arrangements and provision of enriched media analysis services. It also derives revenue as a reseller of corporate communication solutions. Revenue from subscriptions is recognized monthly when access to the service is provided to the end user; all parties to the agreement have agreed to the agreement; each party’s rights are identifiable; the payment terms are identifiable; the agreement has commercial substance; and collection is probable. Revenue from enriched media analysis services is recognized when the services are performed, and performance conditions are satisfied. Revenues from the reseller agreements are recognized at gross with our functioning as a principal due to our meeting the following criteria. We act as the primary obligor in the sales transaction; assume the credit risk; set the price; can select suppliers; and are involved in the execution of the services, including after sales service.

Revenues include reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses, with the corresponding out-of-pocket expenses included in direct operating costs.         

We consider U.S. GAAP criteria for determining whether to report revenue gross as a principal versus net as an agent.  Factors considered include whether we are the primary obligor, have risks and rewards of ownership, and bear the risk that a customer may not pay for the services performed.  If there are circumstances where the above criteria are not met and therefore, we are not the principal in providing services, amounts received from customers are presented net of payments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Contract acquisition cost for our Agility segment is amortized over the term of the subscription agreement which normally has a duration of 12 months or less. We review these costs on a periodic basis to determine the need to adjust the carrying values for pre-terminated contracts.

Foreign Currency, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Foreign Currency - The functional currency of the Company’s production operations located in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka and Israel is the U.S. dollar. Transactions denominated in Philippine pesos, Indian and Sri Lankan rupees or Israeli shekels are translated to U.S. dollars at rates using the average rates in effect on the transaction dates.

The functional currency for the Company’s subsidiaries in Germany, the United Kingdom and Canada are the Euro, the Pound Sterling and the Canadian dollar, respectively. The financial statements of these subsidiaries are prepared in these respective currencies. Financial information is translated from the applicable functional currency to the U.S. dollar (the reporting currency) for inclusion in the consolidated financial statements. Income, expenses and cash flows are translated at weighted average exchange rates prevailing during the fiscal period, and assets and liabilities are translated at fiscal period-end exchange rates. Resulting translation adjustments are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in stockholders' equity. Foreign exchange transaction gains or losses are included in direct operating costs in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

To the extent that the currencies of the Company’s production facilities located in the Philippines, India, Sri Lanka and Israel fluctuate, the Company is subject to risks of changing costs of production after pricing is established for certain client projects. In addition, the Company is exposed to the risk of foreign currency fluctuation on the non-U.S. dollar denominated revenues, and on the monetary assets and liabilities held by its foreign subsidiaries that are denominated in local currency.

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes - Deferred taxes are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates, as well as any net operating loss or tax credit carryforwards expected to reduce taxes payable in future years. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. While the Company considers future taxable income in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, in the event that the Company determines that it would be able to realize the deferred tax assets in the future in excess of its net recorded amount, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would increase income in the period such determination was made. Similarly, in the event that the Company determines that it would not be able to realize the deferred tax assets in the future considering future taxable income, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would decrease income in the period such determination was made. Changes in the valuation allowance from period to period are included in the Company’s tax provision in the period of change. The Company indefinitely reinvests the foreign earnings in its foreign subsidiaries. Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries have been included in the consolidated financial statements without giving effect to the United States taxes that may be payable on distribution to the United States, because such earnings are not anticipated to be remitted to the United States.

In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considered whether it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the U.S. and Canadian deferred tax assets will not be realizable. As the expectation of future taxable income resulting from the Synodex and Agility segments cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company maintains a valuation allowance against all the U.S. and Canadian deferred tax assets.

The Company accounts for income taxes regarding uncertain tax positions, and recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Lessor, Leases [Policy Text Block]

Leases - In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” as modified (“ASU 2016-02”), which replaces existing leasing rules with a comprehensive lease measurement and recognition standard and expanded disclosure requirements. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets as liabilities, with corresponding “right-of-use” assets and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, subject to early adoption. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 effective January 1, 2019. Upon adoption, the Company recognized a right of use asset and corresponding lease liability. Refer to Note 6, Operating Leases.

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at the inception date and requires an assessment of whether the fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset. A reassessment is made after inception of the lease only if one of the following applies:

a. there is a change in contractual terms, other than a renewal or extension of the arrangement;

b. a renewal option is exercised, or extension granted, unless the term of the renewal or extension was initially included in the lease term;

c. there is a change in the determination of whether fulfillment is dependent on a specified asset; or

d. there is a substantial change to the asset.

Whenever a reassessment is made, lease accounting shall commence or cease from the date when the change in circumstances gave rise to the reassessment for scenarios (a), (c) or (d) and at the date of renewal or extension period for scenario (b).

Leases where the lessor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognized as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Revenue Recognition, Deferred Revenue [Policy Text Block]

Deferred Revenue - represents payments received from clients in advance of providing services and amounts deferred if conditions for revenue recognition have not been met. Included in accrued expenses on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 is deferred revenue amounting to $1.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively.

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments – Overall (“Subtopic 825-10”): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“ASU 2016-01”), which updates certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2019, and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, “Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General: Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans” (“ASU 2018-14”), that makes minor changes to the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement benefit plans. The guidance eliminates requirements for certain disclosures that are no longer considered cost beneficial and adds new disclosure requirements that the FASB considers pertinent. ASU 2018-14 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020 for public entities; early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the early adoption of ASU-2018-14 but does not expect it to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

XML

Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Goodwill [Table Text Block]

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,050
Foreign currency translation adjustment		45
Balance as of June 30, 2019	$	2,095
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	2,832
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(49	)
Goodwill impairment		(675	)
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	2,108

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Table Text Block]

Information regarding the Company’s acquisition-related intangible assets was as follows (in thousands): 

	Developed technology		Customer relationships		Trademarks and tradenames		Patents		Media Contact Database		Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	2,999	$	2,081	$	855	$	42	$	3,546	$	9,523
Foreign currency translation		99		96		13		1		19		228
Balance as of June 30, 2019	$	3,098	$	2,177	$	868	$	43	$	3,565	$	9,751

	Developed technology			Customer relationships			Trademarks and tradenames			Patents			Media Contact Database			Total
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	3,204		$	2,264		$	884		$	46		$	3,647		$	10,045
Foreign currency translation		(107	)		(104	)		(13	)		(2	)		(21	)		(247	)
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	3,097		$	2,160		$	871		$	44		$	3,626		$	9,798

	Developed technology		Customer relationships		Trademarks and tradenames		Patents		Media Contact Database		Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2019	$	1,137	$	766	$	440	$	19	$	886	$	3,248
Amortization expense		154		90		60		1		179		484
Foreign currency translation		44		36		6		1		4		91
Balance as of June 30, 2019	$	1,335	$	892	$	506	$	21	$	1,069	$	3,823

	Developed technology			Customer relationships			Trademarks and tradenames			Patents		Media Contact Database			Total
Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	902		$	645		$	330		$	15	$	547		$	2,439
Amortization expense		159			93			61			2		181			496
Foreign currency translation		(39	)		(33	)		(5	)		-		(3	)		(80	)
Balance as of June 30, 2018	$	1,022		$	705		$	386		$	17	$	725		$	2,855

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense [Table Text Block]

As of the date hereof, estimated amortization expense for intangible assets after June 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands): 

Year	Amortization
2019	$	487
2020		907
2021		907
2022		907
2023		907
Thereafter		1,813
	$	5,928

XML

Income Taxes (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block]

The reconciliation of the U.S. statutory rate with the Company’s effective tax rate for the six-month period ended June 30, 2019 is summarized in the table below: 

	June 30, 2019
Federal income tax expense at statutory rate		21.0	%
Effect of:
Tax effects of FX gains and losses		53.4
Change in valuation allowance		10.9
Increase in unrecognized tax benefits (FIN48)		(27.7	)
Tax effects of foreign operations		(61.3	)
Return to provision true up		0.4
Foreign rate differential		(0.1	)
Other		(3.5	)
Effective tax rate		(6.9	)%

Schedule Of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward [Table Text Block]

The following table presents a roll-forward of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits and associated interest for the six months ended June 30, 2019 (in thousands):

	Unrecognized tax benefits
Balance - January 1, 2019	$	2,424
Increase in tax position		183
Interest accrual		88
Foreign currency remeasurement		34
Balance - June 30, 2019	$	2,729

XML

Stock Options (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity [Table Text Block]

A summary of stock option activity under the Plan as of June 30, 2019, and changes during the six months then ended, are presented below:

	Number of Options			Weighted - Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2019		4,982,040		$	2.14
Granted		220,000			1.38
Exercised		-
Forfeited/Expired		(174,237	)		2.04
Outstanding at June 30, 2019		5,027,803		$	2.11		6.27	$	-
Exercisable at June 30, 2019		3,564,211		$	2.49		5.13	$	-
Vested and Expected to Vest at June 30, 2019		5,027,803		$	2.11		6.27	$	-

Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]

The fair value of stock options is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The weighted average fair value of the options granted, and weighted average assumptions were as follows: 

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
Weighted average fair value of options granted	$	0.64		$	-
Risk-free interest rate		2.55	%		-
Expected life (years)		6			-
Expected volatility factor		45	%		-
Expected dividends		None			-

Schedule of Compensation Cost for Share-based Payment Arrangements, Allocation of Share-based Compensation Costs by Plan [Table Text Block]

A summary of restricted shares under the Company’s Plan as of June 30, 2019 are presented below:

	Number of Shares		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Granted		75,000		1.38
Vested		-		-
Forfeited/Expired		-		-
Unvested at June 30, 2019		75,000	$	1.38

Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units Activity [Table Text Block]

The stock-based compensation expense related to the Company’s various stock awards was allocated as follows (in thousands):

	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Direct operating costs	$	20	$	55	$	38	$	109
Selling and administrative expenses		125		76		235		162
Total stock-based compensation	$	145	$	131	$	273	$	271

XML

Operating Leases (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Leases, Operating [Abstract]

Schedule of Operating lease expense recognized in Financial Statements [Table Text Block]

The table below summarizes the amounts recognized in the financial statements related to operating leases for the periods presented (in thousands):

	For the three months ended		For the six months ended
	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2019
Rent expense for long-term operating leases	$	453	$	907
Rent expense for short-term leases		85		172
Total rent expense	$	538	$	1,079

Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Maturity [Table Text Block]

The following table presents the maturity profile of the Company’s operating lease liabilities based on the contractual undiscounted payments with a reconciliation of these amounts to the remaining net present value of the operating lease liability reported in the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2019 (in thousands).

Year	Amount
2019	$	930
2020		1,757
2021		1,341
2022		1,258
2023		1,051
2024 and thereafter		5,701
Total lease payments		12,038
Less: Interest		(3,609	)
Net present value of lease liabilities	$	8,429
Current portion	$	1,163
Long term portion		7,266
Total	$	8,429

Schedule of Weighted Average Remaining Lease Terms and Discount Rates [Table Text Block]

The weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates for all of our operating leases as of June 30, 2019 were as follows:

Weighted average lease term remaining	73 months
Weighted average discount rate		8.98	%

XML

Long-term Obligations (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Debt [Table Text Block]

Total long-term obligations of the Company as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2019		2018
Pension obligations - accrued pension liability	$	2,750	$	2,591
Settlement agreement (1)		810		1,010
Capital lease obligations		290		574
Microsoft licenses (2)		102		355
Deferred lease payments		-		489
Lease incentive liability		-		572
		3,952		5,591
Less: Current portion of long-term obligations		838		1,529
Totals	$	3,114	$	4,062

 (1) Represents payment to be made pursuant to a settlement agreement between a subsidiary of the Company and 19 former employees of such subsidiary in December of 2018. The balance is payable in monthly installments through March 2023.

(2) In March 2017, the Company renewed a vendor agreement to acquire certain additional software licenses and to receive support and subsequent software upgrades on these and other currently owned software licenses through February 2020. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company is obligated to pay approximately $0.4 million annually over the term of the agreement.

XML

Comprehensive loss (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, as reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, consists of pension liability adjustments, net of taxes, foreign currency translation adjustments, net of taxes and changes in fair value of derivatives, net of taxes. The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of June 30, 2019, and reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, were as follows (net of tax) (in thousands):

	Pension Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance at April 1, 2019	$	1,415		$	-	$	(1,202	)	$	213
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			-		23			23
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,415			-		(1,179	)		236
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(41	)		-		-			(41	)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	1,374		$	-	$	(1,179	)	$	195

	Pension  Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at April 1, 2018	$	1,132		$	(189	)	$	(715	)	$	228
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			(148	)		(337	)		(485	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,132			(337	)		(1,052	)		(257	)
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(58	)		87			-			29
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	1,074		$	(250	)	$	(1,052	)	$	(228	)

	Pension Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at January 1, 2019	$	1,451		$	-	$	(1,466	)	$	(15	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			-		287			287
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,451			-		(1,179	)		272
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(77	)		-		-			(77	)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	1,374		$	-	$	(1,179	)	$	195

	Pension Liability Adjustment			Fair Value of Derivatives			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at January 1, 2018	$	1,191		$	342		$	(687	)	$	846
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of taxes		-			(684	)		(365	)		(1,049	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes		1,191			(342	)		(1,052	)		(203	)
Net amount reclassified to earnings		(117	)		92			-			(25	)
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	1,074		$	(250	)	$	(1,052	)	$	(228	)

XML

Segment Reporting and Concentrations (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table Text Block]

Revenues from external clients and segment operating profit (loss), and other reportable segment information are as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Revenues:
DDS	$	10,052		$	10,826		$	20,229		$	21,303
Synodex		915			1,013			1,939			1,995
Agility		2,672			2,431			5,165			5,092
Total Consolidated	$	13,639		$	14,270		$	27,333		$	28,390
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(1):
DDS	$	153		$	456		$	227		$	1,112
Synodex		(130	)		88			(11	)		53
Agility		(584	)		(555	)		(1,256	)		(870	)
Total Consolidated	$	(561	)	$	(11	)	$	(1,040	)	$	295
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes(2):
DDS	$	94		$	400		$	106		$	990
Synodex		(91	)		127			68			134
Agility		(564	)		(538	)		(1,214	)		(829	)
Total Consolidated	$	(561	)	$	(11	)	$	(1,040	)	$	295

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Total assets:
DDS	$	28,247	$	22,334
Synodex		399		787
Agility		23,954		22,930
Total Consolidated	$	52,600	$	46,051

	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Goodwill:
Agility	$	2,095	$	2,050

(1) Before elimination of inter-segment profits

(2) After elimination of inter-segment profits  

Schedule of Revenue from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets, by Geographical Areas [Table Text Block]

The following table summarizes revenues by geographic region (determined and based upon customer’s domicile) (in thousands):

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
United States	$	6,223	$	5,992	$	12,754	$	11,971
United Kingdom		2,408		3,029		4,726		5,984
The Netherlands		1,694		1,827		3,416		3,589
Canada		1,476		1,469		2,960		2,938
Other - principally Europe		1,838		1,953		3,477		3,908
	$	13,639	$	14,270	$	27,333	$	28,390

Schedule of Revenue from External Customers Attributed to Foreign Countries by Geographic Area [Table Text Block]

Long-lived assets of the Company as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, by geographic region, are comprised of the following (in thousands):

	June 30,		December 31,
	2019		2018
United States	$	4,860	$	4,383
Foreign countries:
Canada		8,639		7,023
United Kingdom		1,964		2,045
Philippines		5,495		900
India		770		475
Sri Lanka		790		280
Israel		23		30
Germany		1		2
Total foreign		17,682		10,755
	$	22,542	$	15,138

XML

Loss Per Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]

	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
	(in thousands)						(in thousands)
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$	(653	)	$	(466	)	$	(1,105	)	$	(734	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding		25,877			25,877			25,877			25,877
Dilutive effect of outstanding options		-			-			-			-
Adjusted for dilutive effects		25,877			25,877			25,877			25,877

XML

Derivatives (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) in Statement of Financial Performance [Table Text Block]

The effects of foreign currency forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	June 30,					June 30,
	2019		2018			2019		2018
Net gain (loss) recognized in OCI(1)	$	-	$	(148	)	$	-	$	(684	)
Net gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income(2)	$	-	$	(87	)	$	-	$	(92	)
Net gain recognized in income(3)	$	-	$	-		$	-	$	-

(1)Net change in fair value of the effective portion classified into other comprehensive income ("OCI")

(2)Effective portion classified within direct operating costs

(3)There were no ineffective portions for the period presented.

XML

Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Deferred Revenue	$ 1.4	$ 1.1
Synodex [Member]
Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Noncontrolling Interest Increase in Ownership Percentage by Parent	92.50%

XML

Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Goodwill [Line Items]
Balance			$ 2,050	$ 2,832
Foreign currency translation adjustment			45	(49)
Goodwill impairment	$ 0	$ (675)	0	(675)
Balance	$ 2,095	$ 2,108	$ 2,095	$ 2,108

XML

Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Details 1) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance	$ 9,523	$ 10,045
Foreign currency translation	228	(247)
Balance	9,751	9,798
Accumulated amortization:
Balance	3,248	2,439
Amortization expense	484	496
Foreign currency translation	91	(80)
Balance	3,823	2,855
Developed Technology Rights [Member]
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance	2,999	3,204
Foreign currency translation	99	(107)
Balance	3,098	3,097
Accumulated amortization:
Balance	1,137	902
Amortization expense	154	159
Foreign currency translation	44	(39)
Balance	1,335	1,022
Customer Relationships [Member]
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance	2,081	2,264
Foreign currency translation	96	(104)
Balance	2,177	2,160
Accumulated amortization:
Balance	766	645
Amortization expense	90	93
Foreign currency translation	36	(33)
Balance	892	705
Trademarks and trade names [Member]
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance	855	884
Foreign currency translation	13	(13)
Balance	868	871
Accumulated amortization:
Balance	440	330
Amortization expense	60	61
Foreign currency translation	6	(5)
Balance	506	386
Patents [Member]
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance	42	46
Foreign currency translation	1	(2)
Balance	43	44
Accumulated amortization:
Balance	19	15
Amortization expense	1	2
Foreign currency translation	1	0
Balance	21	17
Media Contact Database [Member]
Gross carrying amounts:
Balance	3,546	3,647
Foreign currency translation	19	(21)
Balance	3,565	3,626
Accumulated amortization:
Balance	886	547
Amortization expense	179	181
Foreign currency translation	4	(3)
Balance	$ 1,069	$ 725

XML

Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Details 2) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
2019	$ 487
2020	907
2021	907
2022	907
2023	907
Thereafter	1,813
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net	$ 5,928

XML

Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Amortization of Intangible Assets			$ 484	$ 496
Goodwill, Impairment Loss	$ 0	$ 675	0	675
Digital Data Solutions [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Goodwill, Impairment Loss				675,000
Intangible Assets, Amortization Period [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Amortization of Intangible Assets	$ 200	$ 200	$ 500	$ 500

XML

Income Taxes (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Federal income tax benefit at statutory rate	21.00%
Effect of:
Tax effects of FX gains and losses	53.40%
Change in valuation allowance	10.90%
Increase in unrecognized tax benefits (FIN48)	(27.70%)
Tax effects of foreign operations	(61.30%)
Return to provision true up	0.40%
Foreign rate differential	(0.10%)
Other	(3.50%)
Effective tax rate	(6.90%)

XML

Income Taxes (Details 1) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Balance - January 1, 2019	$ 2,424
Increase in tax position	183
Interest accrual	88
Foreign currency remeasurement	34
Balance - June 30, 2019	$ 2,729

XML

Income Taxes (Details Textual) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2016	Sep. 30, 2015	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Repatriation of Foreign Earnings, Amount					$ 25,800,000
Unrecognized Tax Benefits			$ 2,729,000		2,729,000		$ 2,424,000
Income Tax Examination, Penalties and Interest Accrued			100,000		100,000
Subsidiary Revenue		$ 68,300,000
Reversal of Service Tax Refund	$ 160,000
Service Tax Credit Receivable	$ 1,000,000
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)			100,000	$ 451,000	72,000	$ 1,033,000
Income Tax Examination, Increase (Decrease) in Liability from Prior Year			$ 200,000		$ 200,000
Maximum [Member]
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Percentage for Subsidiary Service Tax		15.00%
Minimum [Member]
Income Taxes [Line Items]
Percentage for Subsidiary Service Tax		12.36%

XML

Commitments and contingencies (Details Textual)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies [Line Items]
Estimated Litigation Liability	$ 6,200,000
Litigation Settlement, Expense	$ 275,000
Interest Rate Description Litigation	plus legal interest that accrued at 12% per annum from August 13, 2008 to June 30, 2013, and thereafter accrued and continues to accrue at 6% per annum

XML

Stock Options (Details) - Employee Stock Option [Member]	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of Options, Outstanding at January 1, 2019 (in shares)	4,982,040
Number of Options, Granted (in shares)	220,000
Number of Options, Exercised (in shares)	0
Number of Options, Forfeited/Expired (in shares)	(174,237)
Number of Options, Outstanding at June 30, 2019 (in shares)	5,027,803
Number of Options Exercisable at June 30, 2019 (in shares)	3,564,211
Number of Options, Vested and Expected to Vest at June 30, 2019 (in shares)	5,027,803
Weighted Average Exercise Price Outstanding at January 1, 2019 (in dollars per shares) | $ / shares	$ 2.14
Weighted Average Exercise Price Granted (in dollars per shares) | $ / shares	1.38
Weighted Average Exercise Price Forfeited/Expired (in dollars per shares) | $ / shares	2.04
Weighted Average Exercise Price Outstanding at June 30, 2019 (in dollars per shares) | $ / shares	2.11
Weighted Average Exercise Price Exercisable at June 30, 2019 (in dollars per shares) | $ / shares	2.49
Weighted Average Exercise Price Vested and Expected to Vest at June 30, 2019 (in dollars per shares) | $ / shares	$ 2.11
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Outstanding at June 30, 2019 (in years)	6 years 3 months 7 days
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Exercisable at June 30, 2019 (in years)	5 years 1 month 17 days
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Vested and Expected to Vest at June 30, 2019 (in years)	6 years 3 months 7 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding at June 30, 2019 | $	$ 0
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable at June 30, 2019 | $	0
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested and Expected to Vest at June 30, 2019 | $	$ 0

XML

Stock Options (Details 1) - Employee Stock Option [Member] - $ / shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Weighted average fair value of options granted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.64	$ 0
Risk-free interest rate	2.55%	0.00%
Expected life (years)		0 years
Expected volatility factor		0.00%
Expected dividends	0.00%	0.00%
Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected life (years)	6 years
Expected volatility factor	45.00%

XML

Stock Options (Details 2)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 $ / shares shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of Shares, Granted | shares	75,000
Number of Shares, Vested | shares	0
Number of Shares, Forfeited/Expired | shares	0
Number of Shares, Unvested at June 30, 2019 | shares	75,000
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Granted | $ / shares	$ 1.38
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested | $ / shares	0
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Forfeited/Expired | $ / shares	0
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Unvested at June 30, 2019 | $ / shares	$ 1.38

XML

Stock Options (Details 3) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Direct operating costs	$ 20	$ 55	$ 38	$ 109
Selling and administrative expenses	125	76	235	162
Total stock-based compensation	$ 145	$ 131	$ 273	$ 271

XML

Stock Options (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 07, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Employee Service Share-Based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Total Compensation Cost Not Yet Recognized	$ 0.9
2013 Stock Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Number Of Shares Authorized		5,858,892

XML

Operating Leases - summarizes the amounts recognized in the financial statements related to operating leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019
Operating Leases, Rent Expense	$ 538	$ 1,079
Long Term Operating Lease [Member]
Operating Leases, Rent Expense	453	907
Short Term Operating Lease [Member]
Operating Leases, Rent Expense	$ 85	$ 172

XML

Operating Leases - presents the maturity profile of the Company's operating lease liabilities based on the contractual undiscounted payments (Details 1) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Leases, Operating [Abstract]
2019	$ 930
2020	1,757
2021	1,341
2022	1,258
2023	1,051
2024 and thereafter	5,701
Total lease payments	12,038
Less: Interest	(3,609)
Net present value of lease liabilities	8,429
Current portion	1,163	$ 0
Long term portion	7,266	$ 0
Total	$ 8,429

XML

Operating Leases - weighted average remaining lease (Details 2)	Jun. 30, 2019
Leases, Operating [Abstract]
Weighted average lease term remaining	73 months
Weighted average discount rate	8.98%

XML

Operating Leases (Details Textual)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019
Maximum [Member]
Percentage of Rental Escalations	10.00%
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract	11 years
Minimum [Member]
Percentage of Rental Escalations	1.75%
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract	2 years

XML

Long-term Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Pension obligations
Pension obligations - accrued pension liability		$ 2,750	$ 2,591
Settlement agreement	[1]	810	1,010
Vendor obligations
Capital lease obligations		290	574
Microsoft licenses	[2]	102	355
Deferred lease payments		0	489
Lease incentive liability		0	572
Long-term Debt		3,952	5,591
Less: Current portion of long-term obligations		838	1,529
Totals		$ 3,114	$ 4,062

[1] Represents payment to be made pursuant to a settlement agreement between a subsidiary of the Company and 19 former employees of such subsidiary in December of 2018. The balance is payable in monthly installments through March 2023.

[2] In March 2017, the Company renewed a vendor agreement to acquire certain additional software licenses and to receive support and subsequent software upgrades on these and other currently owned software licenses through February 2020. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company is obligated to pay approximately $0.4 million annually over the term of the agreement.

XML

Long-term Obligations (Details Textual) $ in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Vendor Agreement [Member] | License [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Cost of Goods and Services Sold	$ 0.4

XML

Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Pension Liability Adjustment, Other comprehensive income (loss):
Pension Liability Adjustment, Balance at Beginning of the Period	$ 1,415	$ 1,132	$ 1,451	$ 1,191
Pension Liability Adjustment, Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes	0	0	0	0
Pension Liability Adjustment, Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes	1,415	1,132	1,451	1,191
Pension Liability Adjustment, Net amount reclassified to earnings	(41)	(58)	(77)	(117)
Pension Liability Adjustment, Balance at End of the Period	1,374	1,074	1,374	1,074
Fair Value of Derivatives, Other comprehensive income (loss):
Fair Value of Derivatives, Balance at Beginning of the Period	0	(189)	0	342
Fair Value of Derivatives, Pension Liability Adjustment, Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes	0	(148)	0	(684)
Fair Value of Derivatives, Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes	0	(337)	0	(342)
Fair Value of Derivatives, Net amount reclassified to earnings	0	87	0	92
Fair Value of Derivatives, Balance at End of the Period	0	(250)	0	(250)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment, Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment, Balance at Beginning of the Period	(1,202)	(715)	(1,466)	(687)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment,Pension Liability Adjustment, Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes	23	(337)	287	(365)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment, Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes	(1,179)	(1,052)	(1,179)	(1,052)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment, Net amount reclassified to earnings	0	0	0	0
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment, Balance at End of the period	(1,179)	(1,052)	(1,179)	(1,052)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Other comprehensive income (loss):
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Balance at Beginning of the period	213	228	(15)	846
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Pension Liability Adjustment, Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes	23	(485)	287	(1,049)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Total other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of taxes	236	(257)	272	(203)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net amount reclassified to earnings	(41)	29	(77)	(25)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Balance at End of the period	$ 195	$ (228)	$ 195	$ (228)

XML

Segment Reporting and Concentrations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
		Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues		$ 13,639	$ 14,270	$ 27,333	$ 28,390
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes		(561)	(11)	(1,040)	295
Total assets		52,600		52,600		$ 46,051
Goodwill		2,095	2,108	2,095	2,108	2,050	$ 2,832
Before Intersegment Eliminations [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	[1]	(561)	(11)	(1,040)	295
After Intersegment Eliminations [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	[2]	(561)	(11)	(1,040)	295
DDS [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues		10,052	10,826	20,229	21,303
Total assets		28,247		28,247		22,334
DDS [Member] | Before Intersegment Eliminations [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	[1]	153	456	227	1,112
DDS [Member] | After Intersegment Eliminations [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	[2]	94	400	106	990
Synodex [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues		915	1,013	1,939	1,995
Total assets		399		399		787
Synodex [Member] | Before Intersegment Eliminations [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	[1]	(130)	88	(11)	53
Synodex [Member] | After Intersegment Eliminations [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	[2]	(91)	127	68	134
Agility [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues		2,672	2,431	5,165	5,092
Total assets		23,954		23,954		22,930
Goodwill		2,095		2,095		$ 2,050
Agility [Member] | Before Intersegment Eliminations [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	[1]	(584)	(555)	(1,256)	(870)
Agility [Member] | After Intersegment Eliminations [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	[2]	$ (564)	$ (538)	$ (1,214)	$ (829)

[1] Before elimination of inter-segment profits

[2] After elimination of inter-segment profits

XML

Segment Reporting and Concentrations (Details 1) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 13,639	$ 14,270	$ 27,333	$ 28,390
United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	6,223	5,992	12,754	11,971
United Kingdom
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	2,408	3,029	4,726	5,984
The Netherlands
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	1,694	1,827	3,416	3,589
Canada
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	1,476	1,469	2,960	2,938
Other - principally Europe
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 1,838	$ 1,953	$ 3,477	$ 3,908

XML

Segment Reporting and Concentrations (Details 2) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long - lived assets	$ 22,542	$ 15,138
United States [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long - lived assets	4,860	4,383
Canada [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long - lived assets	8,639	7,023
United Kingdom [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long - lived assets	1,964	2,045
Philippines [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long - lived assets	5,495	900
India [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long - lived assets	770	475
Sri Lanka [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long - lived assets	790	280
Israel [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long - lived assets	23	30
Germany [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long - lived assets	1	2
Foreign Countries [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Long - lived assets	$ 17,682	$ 10,755

XML

Segment Reporting and Concentrations (Details Textual) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset	$ 7,559		$ 7,559			$ 0
Foreign Customer [Member] | Sales Revenue, Net [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	54.00%	58.00%	53.00%	58.00%
Foreign Customer [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage			58.00%		57.00%
Two clients [Member] | Sales Revenue, Net [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	26.00%	31.00%	26.00%	31.00%
Three Clients [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage			36.00%		48.00%
Client [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Concentration Risk, Percentage	10.00%		10.00%

XML

Loss Per Share (Details) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Earnings Per Share Basic and Diluted [Line Items]
Net loss attributable to Innodata Inc. and Subsidiaries	$ (653)	$ (452)	$ (466)	$ (268)	$ (1,105)	$ (734)
Weighted average common shares outstanding	25,877		25,877		25,877	25,877
Dilutive effect of outstanding options	0		0		0	0
Adjusted for dilutive effects	25,877		25,877		25,877	25,877

XML

Loss Per Share (Details Textual) - shares shares in Millions	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share, Amount	5.0	3.5

XML

Derivatives (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
		Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Net gain (loss) recognized in OCI	[1]	$ 0	$ (148)	$ 0	$ (684)
Net gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income	[2]	0	(87)	0	(92)
Net gain recognized in income	[3]	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

[1] Net change in fair value of the effective portion classified into other comprehensive income ("OCI")

[2] Effective portion classified within direct operating costs

[3] There were no ineffective portions for the period presented.