2. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in thousands):


Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	2,832
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(107)
Goodwill impairment		(675)
Balance as of December 31, 2018		2,050
Foreign currency translation adjustment		58
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	2,108

The Company recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for its DDS segment in the year ended December 31, 2018.

The Company periodically analyzes whether any indicators of impairment have occurred. As part of these periodic analyses, the Company compares its estimated fair value, as determined based on its stock price, to its net book value. The continued decline in the Company’s stock price was viewed by the Company as a triggering event under ASU 2017‑04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment” (ASU 2017-04), which required an assessment for possible goodwill impairment as of June 30, 2018. Under the provisions of ASU 2017‑04, which the Company opted to early adopt, goodwill impairment is recognized based on Step 1 of the current guidance, which calculates the carrying value in excess of the reporting unit’s fair value.

The Company performed this assessment as of June 30, 2018 and determined that the fair value of the Agility segment exceeded its carrying value, but the fair value of the DDS segment was below its carrying value. As a result, the Company recorded a full goodwill impairment of $675,000 for the DDS segment reporting unit as of June 30, 2018.

The Company performed its annual goodwill assessment for the Agility segment as of September 30, 2019. In performing the assessment, the Company adhered to the provisions of ASU 2017-04 by using a single step approach that determines the carrying value of goodwill and comparing it against the excess of the reporting unit’s fair value. Based on the Company’s assessment, the Company reached the conclusion that there was no goodwill impairment because the fair value of the Agility segment’s goodwill exceeded its carrying value. Therefore, there was no goodwill impairment recorded during the year ended December 31, 2019.

The fair value measurement of goodwill for all segments was classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the Company used the income approach, which utilizes significant inputs that are unobservable in the market. The Company believes it made reasonable estimates and assumptions to calculate the fair value of the reporting unit as of the impairment test measurement date (in thousands):


December 31, 2019	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Goodwill	$	—	$	—	$	2,108


December 31, 2018	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Goodwill	$	—	$	—	$	2,050

Information regarding our acquisition-related intangible assets was as follows for the dates indicated (in thousands):


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		trade names		Patents		Database		Total

Gross carrying amounts:
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	3,204	$	2,264	$	884	$	46	$	3,647	$	10,045
Foreign currency translation		(205)		(183)		(29)		(4)		(101)		(522)
Balance as of December 31, 2018		2,999		2,081		855		42		3,546		9,523
Foreign currency translation		109		96		16		1		60		282
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	3,108	$	2,177	$	871	$	43	$	3,606	$	9,805


					Trademarks				Media
	Developed		Customer		and				Contact
	technology		relationships		trade names		Patents		Database		Total

Accumulated amortization:
Balance as of January 1, 2018	$	902	$	645	$	330	$	15	$	547	$	2,439
Amortization expense		317		185		122		5		367		996
Foreign currency translation		(82)		(64)		(12)		(1)		(28)		(187)
Balance as of December 31, 2018		1,137		766		440		19		886		3,248
Amortization expense		305		178		120		4		357		964
Foreign currency translation		51		39		7		1		18		116
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	1,493	$	983	$	567	$	24	$	1,261	$	4,328

Amortization expense relating to acquisition-related intangible assets was approximately $1.0 million for both years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.

Estimated annual amortization expense for intangible assets subsequent to December 31, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):


Year	Amortization

2020	$	913
2021		913
2022		913
2023		913
2024		812
Thereafter		1,013
	$	5,477