The Company is exposed to various market risks including, but not limited to, changes in foreign currency exchange rates, changes in interest rates and price fluctuations of certain material commodities such as copper. Market risks for changes in interest rates relate primarily to its debt obligations under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement. Foreign currency exchange risks are attributable to sales to foreign customers and purchases from foreign suppliers not denominated in a location’s functional currency, foreign plant operations, intercompany indebtedness, intercompany investments and include exposures to the Euro, Mexican Peso, Canadian Dollar, Hungarian Forint, North Macedonian Denar, Ukrainian Hryvnia, Japanese Yen, Chinese Renminbi, Korean Won, Czech Koruna and Vietnamese Dong.

The Company regularly enters into derivative contracts with the objective of managing its financial and operational exposure arising from these risks by offsetting gains and losses on the underlying exposures with gains and losses on the financial instruments used to hedge them. The decision of whether and when to execute derivative financial instruments, along with the duration of the instrument, may vary from period to period depending on market conditions, the relative costs of the instruments and capacity to hedge. The duration is linked to the timing of the underlying exposure, with the connection between the two being regularly monitored. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. Some derivative contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting; for other derivative contracts, we elect to not apply hedge accounting.

The Company’s designated hedging relationships are formally documented at the inception of the hedge, and hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to future cash flows on hedged transactions both at the inception of a hedge and on an ongoing basis to be designated for hedge accounting treatment. For derivative contracts which can be classified as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the change in the fair value of the derivative is recorded to Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the consolidated condensed balance sheets. When the underlying hedge transaction is realized, the gain or loss included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss is recorded in earnings in the consolidated condensed statements of income on the same line as the gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk. The Company records the ineffective portion of designated foreign currency and copper commodity hedging instruments, if any, to Cost of sales in the consolidated condensed statements of income. Cash flows associated with derivatives are reported in Net cash provided by operating activities in the consolidated condensed statements of cash flows.

The Company uses an income approach to value derivative instruments, analyzing quoted market prices to calculate the forward values and then discounting such forward values to the present value using benchmark rates at commonly quoted intervals for the instrument’s full term.

The Company is party to a floating-to-fixed interest rate swap agreement with a notional amount of $100,000 and a maturity date of July 2025. This interest rate swap is an undesignated hedge of the Company’s exposure to interest payment fluctuations on a portion of the Revolving Credit Facility borrowings that were drawn for the acquisitions of Alfmeier and Dacheng. The periodic changes in fair value is recognized in Interest expense, net.

Information related to the recurring fair value measurement of derivative instruments in our consolidated condensed balance sheet as of September 30, 2023 is as follows:


				Asset Derivatives			Liability Derivatives
	Fair Value Hierarchy	Notional Amount		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Net Asset/ (Liabilities)
Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
Foreign currency derivatives	Level 2	$	103,771	Other current assets	$	6,706	Other current liabilities	$	—	$	6,706
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Interest rate contracts	Level 2	$	100,000	Other current assets	$	3,506	Other current liabilities	$	—	$	3,506

Information related to the recurring fair value measurement of derivative instruments in our consolidated condensed balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 is as follows:


				Asset Derivatives			Liability Derivatives
	Fair Value Hierarchy	Notional Amount		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Net Asset/ (Liabilities)
Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
Foreign currency derivatives	Level 2	$	40,063	Other current assets	$	3,791	Other current liabilities	$	—	$	3,791
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Interest rate contracts	Level 2	$	100,000	Other current assets	$	2,772	Other current liabilities	$	—	$	2,772

Information relating to the effect of derivative instruments on our consolidated condensed statements of income and the consolidated condensed statements of comprehensive income is as follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	Location (Income/(Loss))	2023			2022			2023		2022
Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
Foreign currency derivatives	Cost of sales – income	$	2,771		$	321		$	5,814	$	807
	Other comprehensive income (loss)		(2,673	)		1,627			2,915		1,921
Total foreign currency derivatives		$	98		$	1,948		$	8,729	$	2,728

Commodity derivatives	Cost of sales – income	$	—		$	—		$	—	$	19
	Other comprehensive loss		—			—			—		(6	)
Total commodity derivatives		$	—		$	—		$	—	$	13

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Foreign currency derivatives	Foreign currency gain	$	—		$	(4,288	)	$	—	$	(3,806	)
Total foreign currency derivatives		$	—		$	(4,288	)	$	—	$	(3,806	)

Interest rate contracts	Interest expense, net	$	62		$	3,191		$	734	$	2,498
Total interest rate derivatives		$	62		$	3,191		$	734	$	2,498

The Company did not incur any hedge ineffectiveness during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

The Company sells certain customer trade receivables on a non-recourse basis under factoring arrangements with designated financial institutions. The sale of receivables under these agreements is considered an off-balance sheet arrangement to the Company

and is accounted for as a true sale and excluded from accounts receivable in the consolidated condensed balance sheets. These factoring arrangements include a deferred purchase price component in which a portion of the purchase price for the receivable is paid by the financial institution in cash upon sale and the remaining portion is recorded as a deferred purchase price receivable and paid at a later date. Deferred purchase price receivables are recorded in Other current assets within the consolidated condensed balance sheets. Cash proceeds received upon the sale of the receivables are included in Net cash provided by operating activities and the cash proceeds received on the deferred purchase price receivables are included in Net cash used in investing activities. All factoring arrangements incorporate customary representations, including representations as to validity of amounts due, completeness of performance obligations and absence of commercial disputes.

Trade receivables sold and factoring fees incurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022(a)		2023		2022(a)
Trade receivables sold	$	35,115	$	23,706	$	111,915	$	23,706
Factoring fees incurred		221		64		588		64