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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
10.

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

As the primary operating subsidiary of the Company, the Operating Partnership participates in and bears the compensation expenses associated with the Company’s stock-based compensation plans. The information discussed below relating to the Company’s stock-based compensation plans is also applicable for the Operating Partnership.

Incentive stock plans

Incentive stock awards are granted under the Company’s 2003 Incentive Stock Plan, as amended and restated in October 2008 (the “2003 Stock Plan”). Under the 2003 Stock Plan, an aggregate of 3,469 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance. Of this amount, stock grants count against the total shares available under the 2003 Stock Plan as 2.7 shares for every one share issued, while options (and stock appreciation rights (“SAR”) settled in shares) count against the total shares available as one share for every one share issued on the exercise of an option (or SAR). The exercise price of each option granted under the 2003 Stock Plan may not be less than the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the option grant and all options may have a maximum life of ten years. Participants receiving restricted stock grants are generally eligible to vote such shares and receive dividends on such shares. Substantially all stock option and restricted stock grants are subject to annual vesting provisions (generally three to five years) as determined by the compensation committee overseeing the 2003 Stock Plan.

Compensation costs for stock options have been estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing method. The weighted average assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model are as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
             2012                      2011                      2010          

Dividend yield

     2.0%         2.2%         4.4

Expected volatility

     43.3%         42.4%         41.6

Risk-free interest rate

     1.1%         2.7%         2.8

Expected option term (years)

     6.0 years         6.0 years         6.0 years   

 

The Company’s assumptions were derived from the methodologies discussed herein. The expected dividend yield reflects the Company’s current historical yield, which was expected to approximate the future yield. Expected volatility was based on the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock. The risk-free interest rate for the expected life of the options was based on the implied yields on the U.S. Treasury yield curve. The weighted average expected option term was based on the Company’s historical data for prior period stock option exercise and forfeiture activity.

Restricted stock

Compensation cost for restricted stock is amortized ratably into compensation expense over the applicable vesting periods. Total compensation expense related to restricted stock was $2,334, $2,004 and $2,309 in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. At December 31, 2012, there was $2,583 of unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years. The total intrinsic value of restricted shares vested in 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $3,892, $4,246 and $3,561, respectively.

A summary of the activity related to the Company’s restricted stock for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 is as follows:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2012      2011      2010  
           Weighted-Avg.            Weighted-Avg.            Weighted-Avg.  
           Grant-Date            Grant-Date            Grant-Date  
             Shares             Fair Value              Shares             Fair Value              Shares             Fair Value  

Unvested share, beginning of period

     84      $     29         129      $     19         132      $     21   

Granted (1)

     59        45         52        38         98        20   

Vested

     (78     30         (97     21         (101     22   
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

   

Unvested shares, end of period

                 65        42                     84        29                     129        19   
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

   

 

(1)

The total value of the restricted share grants in 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $2,657, $2,012 and $2,002, respectively.

Stock options

Compensation cost for stock options is amortized ratably into compensation expense over the applicable vesting periods. In 2012, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded compensation expense related to stock options of $380, $379 and $317, respectively, recognized under the fair value method. At December 31, 2012, there was $419 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.7 years.

A summary of stock option activity under all plans in 2012, 2011 and 2010, is presented below:

 

     Year ended December 31,  
     2012      2011      2010  
             Shares             Exercise
Price
             Shares             Exercise
Price
             Shares             Exercise
Price
 

Options outstanding, beginning of period

     1,501      $     31         2,068      $     31         2,516      $     31   

Granted

     29        44         25        37         66        18   

Exercised

     (845     30         (582     30         (267     20   

Expired

     -        -         (10     39         (247     38   
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

   

Options outstanding, end of period (1)

     685        34         1,501        31         2,068        31   
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

   

Options exercisable, end of period (1)

     617        34         1,348        33         1,834        33   
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

   

Options vested and expected to vest, end of period (1)

     682        34         1,494        31         2,057        31   
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

   

Weighted average fair value of options granted during the period

   $         15.18         $         13.18         $         5.08     
  

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

   

 

(1)

At December 31, 2012, the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding, exercisable and vested/expected to vest was $11,066, $9,988 and $11,008, respectively. At that same date, the weighted average remaining contractual lives of stock options outstanding, exercisable and vested/expected to vest was 3.8 years, 3.4 years and 3.8 years, respectively.

Upon the exercise of stock options, the Company issues shares of common stock from treasury shares or, to the extent treasury shares are not available, from authorized common shares. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised in 2012, 2011 and 2010 and was $15,808, $5,525 and $2,827, respectively.

At December 31, 2012, the Company segregated its outstanding options into two ranges, based on exercise prices, as follows:

 

Option Ranges

   Options Outsanding      Options Exercisable  
     Shares      Weighted Avg.
Exercise Price
     Weighted Avg. Life
(Years)
     Shares      Weighted Avg.
Exercise Price
 

$12.22 - $32.53

     343       $     24         3.7         322       $     25   

$34.90 - $48.00

     342         43         4.3         295         44   
  

 

 

          

 

 

    

Total

     685         34         3.8         617         34   
  

 

 

          

 

 

    

Employee stock purchase plan

The Company maintains an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) approved by Company shareholders in 2005. The maximum number of shares issuable under the ESPP is 300. The purchase price of shares of common stock under the ESPP is equal to 85% of the lesser of the closing price per share of common stock on the first or last day of the trading period, as defined. The Company records the aggregate cost of the ESPP (generally the 15% discount on the share purchases) as a period expense. Total compensation expense relating to the ESPP was $223, $198 and $384 in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.