Retirement Benefit Plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Net Pension Expense for Defined Benefit Plans

Net pension expense, benefit obligations and plan assets for the Company-sponsored defined benefit pension plans consist of the following:

	Years Ended  September 30,
	2023		2022
Service cost	$	24	$	42
Interest cost	1,090		714
Expected return on plan assets	(1,101)		(1,362)
Amortization of net loss	319		476
Settlement cost	108		208
Net pension expense for defined benefit plans (non-operating expense)	$	440	$	78

Roll Forward of Defined Benefit Pension Plan Obligations and Assets

The status of all defined benefit pension plans at September 30 is as follows:

	2023		2022
Benefit obligations:
Benefit obligations at beginning of year	$	22,795	$	29,330
Service cost	24		42
Interest cost	1,090		714
Actuarial (gain)	(1,463)		(5,265)
Benefits paid	(1,814)		(1,970)
Currency translation	25		(56)
Benefit obligations at end of year	$	20,657	$	22,795
Plan assets:
Plan assets at beginning of year	$	17,937	$	23,211
Actual return on plan assets	979		(3,376)
Employer contributions	92		72
Benefits paid	(1,814)		(1,970)
Plan assets at end of year	$	17,194	$	17,937
Underfunded status at end of year	$	(3,463)	$	(4,858)

Net Plan Assets Recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets

	Plans in which Benefit Obligations Exceed Assets at September 30,
	2023		2022
Reconciliation of funded status:
Plan assets less than projected benefit obligations	$	(3,463)	$	(4,858)
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Net loss	4,504		6,271
Net amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets	$	1,041	$	1,413
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets are:
Accrued liabilities	(46)		(46)
Pension liability	(3,417)		(4,812)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss – pretax	4,504		6,271
Net amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets	$	1,041	$	1,413

Weighted-Average Assumptions Used in Developing Benefit Obligation and Net Pension Expense

Where applicable, the following weighted-average assumptions were used in developing the benefit obligation and the net pension expense for defined benefit pension plans:

	Years Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Discount rate for liabilities	5.6	%	5.2	%
Discount rate for expenses	5.1	%	2.9	%
Expected return on assets	6.2	%	6.4	%

Fair Values and Asset Allocation Ranges of Defined Benefit Plan Investments

The following tables set forth the asset allocation of the Company’s defined benefit pension plan assets and summarize the fair values and levels within the fair value hierarchy for such plan assets as of September 30, 2023 and 2022:

September 30, 2023	Asset Amount		Level 1
U.S. equity securities:
Large value	$	879	$	879
Large blend	3,124		3,124
Large growth	1,060		1,060
Mid blend	599		599
Small blend	499		499
Non-U.S. equity securities:
Foreign large blend	615		615
Diversified emerging markets	272		272
Global equity securities	577		577
U.S. debt securities:
Inflation protected bond	—
Intermediate term bond	5,676		5,676
Multi-sector bond	2,044		2,044
Stable value:
Cash or money market	1,849		1,849
Total plan assets at fair value	$	17,194	$	17,194

September 30, 2022	Asset Amount		Level 2		Level 3
U.S. equity securities:
Large value	$	393	$	393	$	—
Large blend	7,637		7,637		—
Large growth	302		302		—
Mid blend	167		167		—
Small blend	359		359		—
Non-U.S. equity securities:
Foreign large blend	1,276		1,276		—
Diversified emerging markets	63		63		—
U.S. debt securities:
Inflation protected bond	971		971		—
Intermediate term bond	6,332		4,503		1,829
High inflation bond	78		78		—
Non-U.S. debt securities:
Emerging markets bonds	—		—		—
Stable value:
Short-term bonds	359		359		—
Total plan assets at fair value	$	17,937	$	16,108	$	1,829

The “Asset Allocation Range” listed below anticipates these potential scenarios and provides flexibility for the plans' investments to vary around the objective without triggering a reallocation of the assets, as noted by the following:

	Percent of Plan Assets at September 30,				Asset Allocation Range
	2023		2022
U.S. equities	36	%	49	%	30% to 70%
Non-U.S. equities	8	%	8	%	0% to 20%
U.S. debt securities	45	%	41	%	20% to 70%
Non-U.S. debt securities	—	%	—	%	0% to10%
Other securities	11	%	2	%	0% to 60%
Total	100	%	100	%

Changes in the Fair Value of Level 3 Defined Benefit Plan Investments

Changes in the fair value of the Company’s Level 3 investments during the years ending September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

	2023		2022
Balance at beginning of year	$	1,829	$	2,108
Actual return on plan assets	94		(279)
Purchases and sales of plan assets, net	(1,923)		—
Balance at end of year	$	—	$	1,829

Schedule of Projected Future Defined Benefit Plan Payments

The following defined benefit payment amounts are expected to be made in the future:

Years Ending September 30,	Projected Benefit Payments
2024	$	2,295
2025	1,893
2026	1,724
2027	1,669
2028	1,643
2029-2032	7,497