8-K

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):

September 21, 2021

VORNADO REALTY TRUST

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

Maryland	No. 001-11954	No. 22-1657560
(State or Other	(Commission	(IRS Employer
Jurisdiction of	File Number)	Identification No.)
Incorporation)

VORNADO REALTY L.P.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

Delaware	No. 001-34482	No. 13-3925979
(State or Other	(Commission	(IRS Employer
Jurisdiction of	File Number)	Identification No.)
Incorporation)

888 Seventh Avenue New York, New York	10019
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 894-7000

Former name or former address, if changed since last report: N/A

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instructions A.2.):

¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter).

Emerging growth company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Registrant	Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Vornado Realty Trust	Common Shares of beneficial interest, $.04 par value per share	VNO	New York Stock Exchange
	Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of beneficial interest, liquidation preference $25.00 per share:
Vornado Realty Trust	5.70% Series K	VNO/PK	New York Stock Exchange
Vornado Realty Trust	5.40% Series L	VNO/PL	New York Stock Exchange
Vornado Realty Trust	5.25% Series M	VNO/PM	New York Stock Exchange
Vornado Realty Trust	5.25% Series N	VNO/PN	New York Stock Exchange

Items 3.02.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities.

On September 22, 2021, Vornado Realty Trust (the “Company”) issued and sold 12,000,000 of its 4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, liquidation preference $25.00 per share (“Series O Preferred Shares”), at $25.00 per share in an underwritten public offering (the “Public Offering”) pursuant to an effective registration statement. In connection with the Public Offering, the Company and Vornado Realty L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”) entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with BofA Securities, Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, UBS Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as the underwriters.

The Company has contributed or will contribute the entire net proceeds from the Public Offering to the Operating Partnership in exchange for the same number of 4.45% Series O Preferred Units, liquidation preference $25.00 per unit (“Series O Preferred Units”) of the Operating Partnership (with economic terms that mirror the terms of the Series O Preferred Shares). The issuance and sale of the Series O Preferred Units to the Company (the “Private Placement”) is exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Item 5.03.  Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.

The information included under Item 3.02 above is incorporated by reference into this Item 5.03

In connection with the Public Offering, the Company caused Articles Supplementary classifying 12,000,000 of the Company’s authorized preferred shares of beneficial interest as Series O Preferred Shares (the “Articles Supplementary”) to be executed under seal in its name and filed with the Maryland State Department of Assessments and Taxation on September 21, 2021. A copy of the Articles Supplementary is attached hereto as Exhibit 3.1 and is incorporated herein by reference.

The Series O Preferred Shares will rank senior to the Company’s common shares and any other junior shares that the Company may issue in the future, and on parity with the Company’s Series A Convertible Preferred Shares, Series D-10 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, Series D-11 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, Series D-12 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, Series D-14 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, Series D-15 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, Series K Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, Series L Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, Series M Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, Series N Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares and any other parity shares that the Company may issue in the future, in each case with respect to payment of dividends and distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, all as set forth in the Articles Supplementary.

In connection with the Private Placement, on September 22, 2021, the Company, as the General Partner of the Operating Partnership, amended the Operating Partnership’s limited partnership agreement to designate and authorize the issuance of up to 12,000,000 of the Operating Partnership’s Series O Preferred Units. A copy of that amendment is attached hereto as Exhibit 3.2 and incorporated herein by reference.

The Operating Partnership’s Series O Preferred Units will rank, as to distributions and upon liquidation, senior to the Class A Common Units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership and on parity with (i) other preferred units in the Operating Partnership currently outstanding, as set forth in the amendment to the Operating Partnership’s limited partnership agreement attached hereto as Exhibit 3.2 and incorporated herein by reference, and (ii) any other units issued in the future and designated as “Parity Units.”

Item 8.01.  Other Events.

The information included under Item 3.02 above is incorporated by reference into this Item 8.01.

A copy of the Underwriting Agreement is attached hereto as Exhibit 1.1 and incorporated herein by reference. The opinion of Venable LLP with respect to the validity of the Series O Preferred Shares is attached hereto as Exhibit 5.1 and incorporated herein by reference.

Item 9.01.  Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(d) Exhibits.

1.1 Underwriting Agreement, dated September 13, 2021, among Vornado Realty Trust, Vornado Realty L.P. and BofA Securities, Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, UBS Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as the underwriters.

3.1 Articles Supplementary Classifying Vornado Realty Trust’s 4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest, liquidation preference $25.00 per share, no par value.

3.2 Fifty-first Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P.

5.1 Opinion of Venable LLP as to validity of the Series O Preferred Shares.

23.1 Consent of Venable LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).

104 The cover page from this Current Report on Form 8-K, formatted in Inline XBRL.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

VORNADO REALTY TRUST
(Registrant)
By:	/s/ Michael Franco
Name:	Michael Franco
Title:	President and Chief Financial Officer (duly authorized officer and principal financial officer)

Date: September 22, 2021

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

VORNADO REALTY L.P.
(Registrant)
By:	VORNADO REALTY TRUST,
	Sole General Partner
By:	/s/ Michael Franco
Name:	Michael Franco
Title:	President and Chief Financial Officer of Vornado Realty Trust, sole general partner of Vornado Realty L.P. (duly authorized officer and principal financial officer)

Date: September 22, 2021

EX-1.1

Exhibit 1.1

VORNADO REALTY TRUST

(a Maryland real estate investment trust)

4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable
Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest

(Liquidation Preference $25.00 Per Share)

UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT

Dated: September 13, 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section 1.		Representations and Warranties		3
	(a)	Representations and Warranties by the Company		3
		(i)	Incorporated Documents	3
		(ii)	Compliance with Registration Requirements	4
		(iii)	Form S-3 Eligibility	4
		(iv)	Well-known Seasoned Issuer	4
		(v)	Not an Ineligible Issuer	4
		(vi)	No Material Adverse Change in Business	5
		(vii)	Good Standing of the Company	5
		(viii)	Qualification as a REIT	5
		(ix)	Good Standing of the Operating Partnership	5
		(x)	Good Standing of Subsidiaries	6
		(xi)	Capitalization	6
		(xii)	Authorization and Description of the Securities	6
		(xiii)	Absence of Conflicts and Defaults	7
		(xiv)	Authorization of this Underwriting Agreement	7
		(xv)	Absence of Proceedings	7
		(xvi)	No Violations or Defaults	7
		(xvii)	Accuracy of Certain Descriptions	8
		(xviii)	Investment Company Act	8
		(xix)	Independent Public Accountants	8
		(xx)	Financial Statements	8
		(xxi)	Title to Property	9
		(xxii)	Environmental Laws	9
		(xxiii)	No Stabilizing Actions	10
		(xxiv)	Disclosure and Accounting Controls	10
		(xxv)	Compliance with OFAC	10
		(xxvi)	No Unlawful Payments	10
		(xxvii)	Compliance with Anti-Money Laundering Laws	11
		(xxviii)	Cybersecurity	11
	(b)	Officer’s Certificates		11
Section 2.		Sale and Delivery to the Underwriters; Closing		11
	(a)	Securities		11
	(b)	[Reserved]		11
	(c)	Payment		11
	(d)	Denominations; Registration		12
Section 3.		Covenants of the Company		12
	(a)	Delivery of Registration Statement		12
	(b)	Final Term Sheet		12
	(c)	Filing and Delivery of Pricing Prospectus and Final Prospectus		12
	(d)	Modification of Disclosure Package		13
	(e)	Continued Compliance with Securities Laws		13

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	(f)	Rule 158	14
	(g)	Use of Proceeds	14
	(h)	Listing	14
	(i)	Limitation on Free Writing Prospectuses	14
Section 4.		Payment of Expenses	14
	(a)	Expenses	14
	(b)	Termination of Agreement	15
Section 5.		Conditions of Underwriters’ Obligations	15
	(a)	Effectiveness of Registration Statement	15
	(b)	Opinions of Counsel for the Company	15
	(c)	Opinion of Maryland Counsel for the Company	15
	(d)	Opinion of Counsel for the Underwriters	15
	(e)	Officers’ Certificate	16
	(f)	Officer’s Certificate	16
	(g)	Accountants’ Comfort Letter	16
	(h)	Bring-down Comfort Letter	16
	(i)	Maintenance of Rating	16
	(j)	Approval of Listing	16
	(k)	[Reserved]	17
	(l)	Additional Documents	17
	(m)	Termination of Agreement	17
Section 6.		Indemnification	17
	(a)	Indemnification of Underwriters	17
	(b)	Indemnification of Company, Operating Partnership, Trustees, Partners and Officers	18
	(c)	Actions against Parties; Notification	19
	(d)	Settlement without Consent if Failure to Reimburse	19
Section 7.		Contribution	19
Section 8.		Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive Delivery	21
Section 9.		Termination of Agreement	21
	(a)	Termination; General	21
	(b)	Liabilities	21
Section 10.		Default by One or More of the Underwriters	21
	(a)	Substitution of Defaulting Underwriters	21
	(b)	Purchase by Non-Defaulting Underwriters	22
	(c)	Termination	22
Section 11.		Notices	22
Section 12.		No Fiduciary Duty	23

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Section 13.	Parties	23
Section 14.	Miscellaneous	23
Section 15.	Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution Process	24
Section 16.	Governing Law and Time	24
Section 17.	Trial by Jury	24
Section 18.	Effect of Headings	24

SCHEDULES
	Schedule A - List of Underwriters	Sch A-1
	Schedule B - Terms of Preferred Shares	Sch B-1
	Schedule C - Free Writing Prospectuses	Sch C-1
	Schedule D - Final Term Sheet	Sch D-1
EXHIBITS
	Exhibit A - Form of Opinion of Company’s Counsel	A-1
	Exhibit B - Form of Opinion of Maryland Counsel to the Company	B-1
	Exhibit C - Form of Officer’s Certificate of Chief Financial Officer of Vornado Realty Trust	C-1

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VORNADO REALTY TRUST

(a Maryland real estate investment trust)

12,000,000 Shares
4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable
Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest
(No Par Value Per Share)

Underwriting Agreement

September 13, 2021

BofA Securities, Inc.

One Bryant Park

New York, New York 10036

J.P. Morgan Securities LLC

383 Madison Avenue

New York, New York 10179

Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC

1585 Broadway

New York, New York 10036

UBS Securities LLC

1285 Avenue of the Americas

New York, New York 10019

Wells Fargo Securities, LLC

550 South Tryon Street

Charlotte, North Carolina 28202

As Representatives of the several Underwriters named in Schedule A

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Vornado Realty Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust (the “Company”), confirms its agreement with BofA Securities, Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, UBS Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and each of the other Underwriters named in Schedule A hereto (collectively, the “Underwriters,” which term shall also include any underwriter substituted as hereinafter provided in Section 10 hereof), for whom BofA Securities, Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, UBS Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC are acting as representatives (in such capacity, the “Representatives”), with respect to the issue and sale by the Company and the purchase by the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, of the number of 4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest, no par value per share, of the Company (the “Securities”) set forth above. To the extent there are no additional Underwriters named in Schedule A hereto other than the Representatives, the term “Representatives” as used herein shall mean the Representatives as Underwriters, and the terms “Representatives” and “Underwriters” shall mean either the singular or plural as the context requires.

The Company understands that the Underwriters propose to offer the Securities (the “Offering”) as set forth in the prospectus supplement as soon after the execution and delivery hereof as in the judgment of the Representatives is advisable.

The Company has filed an automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3ASR (File No. 333-254965) in respect of the Securities and other securities of the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (“EDGAR”), under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), which registration statement became effective upon filing under Rule 462(e) of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the 1933 Act (the “1933 Act Regulations”). Such registration statement, in the form in which it became effective, as amended through the date hereof, including all exhibits thereto, all documents incorporated by reference therein through the date hereof and any prospectus supplement relating to the Securities that is filed with the Commission and deemed by virtue of Rule 430B under the 1933 Act to be part of the Registration Statement, each as amended at the time such part of the Registration Statement became effective, are hereinafter collectively called the “Registration Statement.”

The base prospectus filed as part of the Registration Statement in the form in which it has most recently been filed with the Commission on or prior to the date of this Agreement relating to the Securities and other securities of the Company is hereinafter called the “Basic Prospectus”; the Basic Prospectus, as amended and supplemented immediately prior to the Applicable Time (as defined below), including the preliminary prospectus supplement relating to the Securities filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act, is hereinafter called the “Pricing Prospectus”; the form of the final prospectus relating to the Securities filed with Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act in accordance with Section 3(c) hereof is hereinafter called the “Final Prospectus”; any reference herein to the Basic Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3, as of the date of such prospectus; any reference to any amendment or supplement to the Basic Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, any prospectus supplement relating to the Securities filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act and any documents filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and incorporated therein, in each case after the date of the Basic Prospectus, such Pricing Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, as the case may be; any reference to any amendment to the Registration Statement shall be deemed to refer to and include any annual report of the Company filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the 1934 Act after the effective date of the Registration Statement that is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement; and any “issuer free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 433 under the 1933 Act relating to the Securities is hereinafter called an “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.”

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For the purposes of this Agreement, the “Applicable Time” is 5:45 p.m. (Eastern time) on the date of this Agreement and the “Disclosure Package” refers collectively to (i) the Pricing Prospectus as supplemented by the final term sheet, if any, prepared and filed pursuant to Section 3(b) hereof, as of the Applicable Time, (ii) the Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, identified in Schedule C hereto, and (iii) any other Free Writing Prospectus that the parties hereto shall hereafter expressly agree in writing to treat as part of the Disclosure Package.

All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information which is “contained,” “included,” “stated,” “described,” “discussed” or “set forth” in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus (or other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information which is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, as the case may be.

Section 1.           Representations and Warranties.

(a)           Representations and Warranties by the Company. The Company represents and warrants to each Underwriter as of the Applicable Time and as of the Closing Time referred to in Section 2(c) hereof and agrees with each Underwriter, as follows:

(i)            Incorporated Documents. The documents incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Prospectus, when they became effective or were filed with the Commission, as the case may be, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and none of such documents contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances under which they were made; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Prospectus or any further amendment or supplement thereto, when such documents become effective or are filed with the Commission, as the case may be, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances under which they were made; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, in each case as amended or supplemented, relating to the Securities.

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(ii)            Compliance with Registration Requirements.

(1)            The Registration Statement conforms, and the Final Prospectus and any further amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus will conform, in all material respects to the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations and do not and will not, as of the applicable effective date as to each part of the Registration Statement and as of the Applicable Time and as of the applicable filing date as to the Final Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and in the case of the Final Prospectus, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus as amended or supplemented relating to the Securities; and

(2)            The Disclosure Package, when taken together as a whole, did not, as of the Applicable Time, include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus listed on Schedule C hereto does not conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Prospectus and each such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as supplemented by and taken together with the Disclosure Package as of the Applicable Time, did not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to statements or omissions made in the Disclosure Package in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by an Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein.

(iii)            Form S-3 Eligibility. The Company meets the requirements for use of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act and has filed with the Commission a registration statement on Form S-3, including a prospectus relating to the Securities and other securities of the Company for the registration of such securities under the 1933 Act and such registration statement became effective upon filing with the Commission.

(iv)            Well-known Seasoned Issuer. The Company is a “well-known seasoned issuer” as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act. The Company has not received from the Commission any notice pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the 1933 Act objecting to the use of the Registration Statement.

(v)            Not an Ineligible Issuer. (i) At the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) under the 1933 Act) and (ii) as of the Applicable Time (with such date being used as the determination date for purposes of this clause (ii)), the Company was not and is not an Ineligible Issuer (as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act), without taking account of any determination by the Commission pursuant to Rule 405 under the 1933 Act that it is not necessary that the Company not be considered an Ineligible Issuer.

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(vi)          No Material Adverse Change in Business. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has sustained since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or court or governmental action, order or decree, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus; and, since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, except as otherwise stated therein, there has not been any change in the capitalization or long-term debt of the Company or any material adverse change in or affecting the condition, financial or otherwise, or the earnings or business affairs (a “Material Adverse Effect”) of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus.

(vii)          Good Standing of the Company. The Company is a real estate investment trust duly formed and existing under the laws of the State of Maryland in good standing with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (“SDAT”), with trust power to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business substantially as described in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement; and the Company is duly qualified as a foreign organization to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure to so qualify would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole.

(viii)        Qualification as a REIT. The Company is organized and, commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 1993, has operated in conformity with the requirements for qualification as a real estate investment trust (a “REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and currently intends to operate in a manner which allows the Company to continue to meet the requirements for taxation as a REIT under the Code.

(ix)           Good Standing of the Operating Partnership. Vornado Realty L.P. (the “Operating Partnership”) has been duly formed and is validly existing as a limited partnership in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has partnership power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business substantially as described in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus and is duly qualified as a foreign organization to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure to so qualify would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Operating Partnership; all of the issued and outstanding limited partnership interests in the Operating Partnership have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and (except for the general partner interest) nonassessable; the Company is the sole general partner of, and owned an approximately 92.7% common limited partnership interest in, the Operating Partnership as of June 30, 2021.

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(x)            Good Standing of Subsidiaries. Each subsidiary of the Company, other than the Operating Partnership, which is covered in paragraph (ix) above, has been duly formed and is validly existing in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business substantially as described in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus and is duly qualified as a foreign organization to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure to so qualify would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole; all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each such subsidiary has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and nonassessable and is owned by the Company or the Operating Partnership, directly or through subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or equity, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole and except as disclosed in the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus.

(xi)           Capitalization. The Company has an authorized capitalization as set forth in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 (except for (a) subsequent issuances, if any, pursuant to this Agreement or pursuant to the terms of reservations, agreements or employee benefit plans, including, without limitation, dividend reinvestment plans and employee or director stock option plans, the redemption of units of the Operating Partnership, the exercise of options outstanding on the date hereof or as otherwise described in the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus and (b) subsequent amendments to its Declaration of Trust, if any); all of the shares of beneficial interest of the Company issued and outstanding as of the date hereof have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and nonassessable, and none of the outstanding shares of beneficial interest of the Company was issued in violation of any preemptive rights of any shareholder of the Company.

(xii)          Authorization and Description of the Securities. The Securities have been duly authorized, and, when issued and delivered pursuant to this Agreement will be duly and validly issued and fully paid and nonassessable; the Securities conform to the description thereof contained in the Basic Prospectus under the caption “Description of Shares of Beneficial Interest of Vornado Realty Trust” and the Securities will conform to the description thereof contained in the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Prospectus under the caption “Description of the Series O Preferred Shares” and such description will conform to the rights set forth in the Articles Supplementary designating the Securities in each case in all material respects.

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(xiii)         Absence of Conflicts and Defaults. The issue and sale of the Securities and the compliance by the Company with all of the provisions of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein have been duly authorized by all necessary trust action of the Company and, except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, will not conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject, nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the Declaration of Trust, as amended and supplemented, or Bylaws of the Company or (except where such violation would not cause a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or any adverse effect on the Company’s ability to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby) any statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court or governmental authority, agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its properties; and no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any such court or governmental agency or body is required for the issue and sale of the Securities or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, except such as have been, or will have been prior to the Closing Time, obtained under the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations and such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Securities by the Underwriters.

(xiv)         Authorization of this Underwriting Agreement. This Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary trust action of the Company and all necessary partnership action of the Operating Partnership and has been executed and delivered by the Company and the Operating Partnership.

(xv)          Absence of Proceedings. Other than as set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject, which, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would individually or in the aggregate have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole; and, to the best of the Company’s knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others; and there are no contracts or documents of the Company or any of its subsidiaries which are required to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement by the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations which have not been so filed, except where the failure to file such exhibit would not amount to an untrue statement of a material fact or omission of a statement of a material fact required to make the statements in the Registration Statement not misleading in the light of the circumstances under which they were made.

(xvi)        No Violations or Defaults. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of its organizational documents or bylaws or in default in the performance or observance of any material obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any material indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement, lease or other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties or assets may be bound, which default would have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole.

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(xvii)        Accuracy of Certain Descriptions. The statements set forth in the Basic Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Prospectus under the captions “Description of Shares of Beneficial Interest of Vornado Realty Trust,” “Description of the Series O Preferred Shares,” “Federal Income Tax Considerations,” “Additional U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations,” “Plan of Distribution” and “Underwriting,” insofar as they purport to describe the provisions of the laws and documents referred to therein, are accurate, complete and fair summaries in all material respects.

(xviii)      Investment Company Act. Neither the Company nor the Operating Partnership is subject to registration as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act.

(xix)         Independent Public Accountants. Deloitte & Touche LLP, who have certified certain financial statements and financial statement schedules of the Company and its subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Prospectus are an independent public accounting firm with respect to the Company as required by the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations.

(xx)          Financial Statements. The financial statements and the financial statement schedules of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as at the dates indicated, the results of their operations for the periods specified and the information required to be stated therein; and said financial statements and financial statement schedules have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved. The selected financial data included or incorporated by reference in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus present fairly, in all material respects, the information shown therein and have been compiled on a basis consistent with that of the consolidated financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement. Any pro forma financial statements and other pro forma financial information included in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of Rule 11-02 of Regulation S-X and present fairly the information shown therein; the pro forma adjustments, if any, have been properly applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of such statements, and in the opinion of the Company, the assumptions used in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the adjustments used therein are appropriate to give effect to the transactions or circumstances referred to therein.

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(xxi)         Title to Property. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, and except as would not have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole: (i) each of the Company and its subsidiaries has good and marketable title to all properties and assets described in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus as owned by such party; (ii) all of the leases under which the Company or any of its subsidiaries holds or uses real property or assets as a lessee are in full force and effect, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in material default in respect of any of the terms or provisions of any of such leases and no claim has been asserted by anyone adverse to any such party’s rights as lessee under any of such leases, or affecting or questioning any such party’s right to the continued possession or use of the leased property or assets under any such leases; (iii) all liens, charges, encumbrances, claims, or restrictions on or affecting the properties and assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries that are required to be disclosed in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus are disclosed therein; (iv) neither the Company, any of its subsidiaries nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any lessee of any portion of any such party’s properties is in default under any of the leases pursuant to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries leases its properties to third parties and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries knows of any event which, but for the passage of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute a default under any of such leases; (v) no tenant under any lease pursuant to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries leases its properties has an option or right of first refusal to purchase the premises leased thereunder; (vi) to the best of its knowledge, each of the properties of the Company or any of its subsidiaries complies with all applicable codes and zoning laws and regulations; and (vii) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has knowledge of any pending or threatened condemnation, zoning change or other proceeding or action that will in any manner affect the size or use of, improvements or construction on or access to the properties of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.

(xxii)        Environmental Laws. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, or as is not reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole:

(1)            each of the Company and its subsidiaries is in compliance with all applicable laws relating to pollution or the discharge of materials into the environment, including common law standards of conduct relating to damage to property or injury to persons caused by such materials (“Environmental Laws”), each of the Company and its subsidiaries currently holds all governmental authorizations required under Environmental Laws in order to conduct their businesses as described in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has any basis to expect that any such governmental authorization will be modified, suspended or revoked, or cannot be renewed in the ordinary course of business;

(2)            there are no past or present actions, activities, circumstances, conditions, events or incidents, including, without limitation, the release, threatened release, or disposal of any material (including radiation and noise), that could reasonably be expected to form the basis of any claim (whether by a governmental authority or other person or entity) under Environmental Laws for cleanup costs, damages, penalties, fines, or otherwise, against any of the Company or its subsidiaries, or against any person or entity whose liability for such claim may have been retained by any of the Company or its subsidiaries, whether by contract or law; and

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(3)            the Company and its subsidiaries have made available to the Representatives or counsel for the Underwriters all material studies, reports, assessments, audits and other information in their possession or control relating to any pollution or release, threatened release or disposal of materials regulated under Environmental Laws on, at, under, from or transported from any of their currently or formerly owned, leased or operated properties, including, without limitation, all information relating to underground storage tanks and asbestos containing materials.

(xxiii)       No Stabilizing Actions. Except as done in compliance with Regulation M, neither the Company nor the Operating Partnership has taken, and neither the Company nor the Operating Partnership will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to, or that might be reasonably expected to, cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Securities.

(xxiv)       Disclosure and Accounting Controls. The Company maintains “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the 1934 Act) and such disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the Company’s most recently completed fiscal quarter. The Company and each of its consolidated subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls over financial reporting sufficient to provide reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any material differences.

(xxv)        Compliance with OFAC. None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee, controlled affiliate or representative of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department or any similar sanctions imposed by any other body, governmental or other, to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is subject.

(xxvi)       No Unlawful Payments. None of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee, controlled affiliate or representative of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has (i) used any corporate funds for any unlawful contribution, gift, entertainment or other unlawful expense relating to political activity; (ii) made any direct or indirect unlawful payment to any foreign or domestic government official or employee from corporate funds; (iii) violated or is in violation of any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977; or (iv) made any bribe, rebate, payoff, influence payment, kickback or other unlawful payment.

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(xxvii)            Compliance with Anti-Money Laundering Laws. The operations of the Company and its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with all applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements and the applicable anti-money laundering statutes of jurisdictions where the Company and its subsidiaries conduct business, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the “Anti-Money Laundering Laws”), and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Anti-Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.

(xxviii)            Cybersecurity. The computer systems, networks, hardware, software, databases, websites, and equipment used to process, store, maintain and operate data, information, and functions used in connection with the business of the Company and its subsidiaries (the “Company IT Systems”) are adequate for, and operate and perform in all material respects as required in connection with, the operation of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries as currently conducted, except in each case as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its subsidiaries have implemented commercially reasonable backup, security and disaster recovery technology, and to the Company’s knowledge there have been no breaches, violations, outages or unauthorized uses of or accesses to the Company IT Systems and data (including all personal, personally identifiable, sensitive, confidential or regulated data), nor any incidents under internal review or investigations relating to the same, except in each case as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.

(b)          Officer’s Certificates. Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company or any of its subsidiaries delivered to the Representatives or to counsel for the Underwriters shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to each Underwriter as to the matters covered thereby.

Section 2.          Sale and Delivery to the Underwriters; Closing.

(a)          Securities. On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to sell to each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, and each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase from the Company, at the price per share set forth in Schedule B, the number of Securities set forth in Schedule A opposite the name of such Underwriters, plus any additional number of Securities which such Underwriter may become obligated to purchase pursuant to the provisions of Section 10 hereof.

(b)          [Reserved].

(c)           Payment. Payment of the purchase price for, and delivery through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) of certificates for, the Securities shall be made at the offices of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, One Manhattan West, New York, New York 10001 or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters and the Company, at 10:00 a.m. (Eastern time) on September 22, 2021 (the seventh business day after the date hereof), or such other time not later than 10 business days after such date as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters and the Company (such time and date of payment and delivery being herein called “Closing Time”).

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Payment shall be made to the Company by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a bank account designated by the Company, against delivery through the facilities of DTC to the Representatives for the respective accounts of the Underwriters of certificates for the Securities to be purchased by them.

(d)            Denominations; Registration. Certificates for the Securities shall be in such denominations and registered in such names as the Underwriters may request in writing at least one full business day before the Closing Time. The certificates for the Securities will be made available for examination and packaging by the Representatives in The City of New York not later than 10:00 a.m. (Eastern time) on the business day prior to the Closing Time.

Section 3. Covenants of the Company. The Company covenants with each Underwriter as follows:

(a)            Delivery of Registration Statement. The Company has furnished or will deliver to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters, without charge, copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith or incorporated by reference therein and documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein) and copies of all consents and certificates of experts. The copies of the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto furnished to the Representatives will be identical, save for minor formatting differences, to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T of the Commission.

If the delivery of a prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) continues to be required in connection with the offering of the Securities, the Company will inform the Representatives of its intention to file any amendment to the Registration Statement or any supplement to the Final Prospectus; will furnish the Representatives with copies of any such amendment or supplement a reasonable time in advance of filing; and will not file any such amendment or supplement in a form to which the Representatives or counsel to the Underwriters shall reasonably object (it being understood that the terms “amendment” and “supplement” do not include documents filed by the Company pursuant to the 1934 Act).

(b)            Final Term Sheet. The Company will prepare a final term sheet containing solely the final pricing terms of the Securities in a form approved by the Representatives and contained in Schedule D hereof and file such term sheet pursuant to Rule 433(d) of the 1933 Act within the time required by such rule.

(c)            Filing and Delivery of Pricing Prospectus and Final Prospectus.

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(1)            The Company will cause the Pricing Prospectus and the Final Prospectus, properly completed, and any supplement thereto to be filed in a form approved by the Representatives with the Commission pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) within the time period prescribed and will promptly advise the Representatives upon such filing.

(2)            The Company has delivered to each Underwriter, without charge, as many copies of each Pricing Prospectus, Final Prospectus and each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and any supplement thereto as such Underwriter has reasonably requested, and the Company hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the 1933 Act. The Company will furnish to each Underwriter, without charge, for so long as the delivery of a Final Prospectus is required under the 1933 Act or 1934 Act, such number of copies of the Final Prospectus as such Underwriters may reasonably request. The Final Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto furnished to the Underwriters will be identical, save for minor formatting differences, to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T of the Commission.

(d)            Modification of Disclosure Package. If there occurs an event or development as a result of which the Disclosure Package would include an untrue statement of a material fact or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, the Company will notify promptly the Representatives so that any use of the Disclosure Package may cease until it is amended or supplemented.

(e)            Continued Compliance with Securities Laws. The Company will comply with the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations and the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (the “1934 Act Regulations”), so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Securities as contemplated in this Agreement and in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, except where the failure to comply will not adversely affect the distribution of the Securities. If at any time when a prospectus is required by the 1933 Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities, any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which it is necessary for the Company to amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement the Final Prospectus in order that the Final Prospectus will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances existing at the time such Final Prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) is delivered to a purchaser, or if it shall be necessary at any such time to amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement the Final Prospectus in order to comply with the requirements of the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations, the Company will promptly prepare and file with the Commission, such amendment or supplement as may be necessary to correct such statement or omission or to make the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus comply with such requirements, and the Company will furnish to the Underwriters such number of copies of such amendment or supplement as the Underwriters may reasonably request.

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(f)             Rule 158. The Company will timely file such reports pursuant to the 1934 Act as are necessary in order to make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable an earnings statement for the purposes of, and to provide the benefits contemplated by, the last paragraph of Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations relating thereto.

(g)            Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the net proceeds received by it from the sale of the Securities in the manner specified in the Pricing Prospectus and Final Prospectus under “Use of Proceeds.”

(h)            Listing. The Company will use its best efforts to effect the listing of the Securities on the New York Stock Exchange.

(i)             Limitation on Free Writing Prospectuses. The Company agrees that, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Representatives, and each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees with the Company that, unless it has obtained or will obtain, as the case may be, the prior written consent of the Company, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Securities that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus” (as defined in Rule 405 of the 1933 Act Regulations) required to be filed by the Company with the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule 433 of the 1933 Act Regulations, other than the final term sheet prepared and filed pursuant to Section 3(b) hereof; provided that the prior written consent of the parties hereto shall be deemed to have been given in respect of the Free Writing Prospectuses included in Schedule C hereto. Any such free writing prospectus consented to by the Representatives or the Company is hereinafter referred to as a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.” The Company agrees that (x) it has treated and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and (y) it has complied and will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules 164 and 433 of the 1933 Act Regulations applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the Commission, legending and record keeping.

Section 4. Payment of Expenses.

(a)            Expenses. The Company will pay all expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, including (i) the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement (including financial statements and exhibits) as originally filed and of each amendment thereto, (ii) the preparation and printing of this Agreement and such other documents as may be required in connection with the offering, purchase, sale, issuance or delivery of the Securities, (iii) the preparation, issuance and delivery of the certificates for the Securities to DTC or its designated custodian or the Underwriters, including any stock or other transfer taxes and any stamp or other duties payable upon the sale, issuance or delivery of the Securities to the Underwriters, (iv) the fees and disbursements of the Company’s counsel and accountants, (v) the qualification, if any, of the Securities under state securities laws, including filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection therewith and in connection with the preparation of a Blue Sky Survey and any supplement thereto, if any, (vi) the preparation, printing and delivery to the Underwriters of copies of the Pricing Prospectus and of the Final Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, (vii)  the fees and expenses of any transfer agent or registrar for the Securities, (viii) the filing fees incident to, and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel to the Underwriters in connection with, the review, if any, by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. of the terms of the sale of the Securities and (ix) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing of the Securities on the New York Stock Exchange. It is understood, however, that, except as provided in this Section and Section 6 hereof, each Underwriter will pay all of its own costs and expenses, including the fees of its counsel, stock or other transfer taxes on resale of any of the Securities by it, and any advertising expenses connected with any offers of the Securities such Underwriter may make.

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(b)            Termination of Agreement. If this Agreement is terminated by the Representatives in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 or Sections 9(a)(i) or 9(a)(v) (solely with respect to the Securities or other preferred shares of beneficial interest of the Company) hereof, the Company shall reimburse the Underwriters for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters.

Section 5.Conditions of Underwriters’ Obligations. The obligations of the Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company contained in Section 1 hereof or in certificates of any officer of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company of its covenants and other obligations hereunder, and to the following further conditions:

(a)            Effectiveness of Registration Statement. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued and shall continue to be in effect under the 1933 Act or proceedings therefor initiated or threatened by the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for additional information shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of counsel to the Underwriters. The Pricing Prospectus and the Final Prospectus shall have been filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) within the applicable time period prescribed for such filings by the 1933 Act Regulations; and the final term sheet contemplated by Section 3(b) hereof, and any other material required to be filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the 1933 Act shall have been filed with the Commission within the applicable time period prescribed for such filings by Rule 433.

(b)            Opinions of Counsel for the Company. At Closing Time, the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters shall have received the opinion and letter, dated as of Closing Time, of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, counsel for the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters to the effect set forth in Exhibit A hereto.

(c)            Opinion of Maryland Counsel for the Company. At Closing Time, the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters shall have received the opinion, dated as of Closing Time, of Venable LLP, Maryland counsel for the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters to the effect set forth in Exhibit B hereto.

(d)            Opinion of Counsel for the Underwriters. At Closing Time, the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters shall have received the favorable opinion and letter, dated as of Closing Time, of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, counsel for the Underwriters with respect to certain legal matters relating to this Agreement and such other related matters as the Underwriters may reasonably request. In giving such opinion such counsel may state that, insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to the extent they deem proper, upon certificates of officers of the Company and its subsidiaries and certificates of public officials.

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(e)            Officers’ Certificate. At Closing Time, there shall not have been, since the date hereof or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, any material adverse change in or affecting the condition, financial or otherwise, or the earnings or business affairs of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, and the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters shall have received a certificate of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that (i) there has been no such material adverse change, (ii) the representations and warranties in Section 1(a) hereof are true and correct with the same force and effect as though expressly made at and as of Closing Time, (iii) the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to Closing Time, and (iv) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued and shall be in effect and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the best of such officers’ knowledge, are pending or are contemplated by the Commission.

(f)            Officer’s Certificate. At the Closing Time, the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters shall have received an officer’s certificate, dated as of the Closing Time, of Michael J. Franco, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit C hereto.

(g)            Accountants’ Comfort Letter. At the time of the execution of this Agreement, the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters shall have received from Deloitte & Touche LLP a letter dated such date, in form and substance satisfactory to the Representatives containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants’ “comfort letters” to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus.

(h)            Bring-down Comfort Letter. At Closing Time, the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters shall have received from Deloitte & Touche LLP a letter, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to subsection (g) of this Section, except that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three business days prior to Closing Time.

(i)            Maintenance of Rating. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred a downgrading in the rating assigned to the Securities or any of the Company’s other securities by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization,” as such term is defined pursuant to Section 3(a)(62) of the 1934 Act, and no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review its rating of the Securities or any of the Company’s other securities.

(j)            Approval of Listing. At Closing Time, either (i) the Securities shall have been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange, subject only to official notice of issuance, or (ii) if trading on the New York Stock Exchange is to be delayed, the Company shall have filed an application for listing of the Securities on the New York Stock Exchange.

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(k)            [Reserved].

(l)            Additional Documents. At Closing Time, counsel for the Underwriters shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions as they may reasonably require for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated shall be reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters.

(m)            Termination of Agreement. If any condition specified in this Section shall not have been fulfilled when and as required to be fulfilled, this Agreement may be terminated by the Representatives by notice to the Company at any time at or prior to Closing Time, and such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 4 and except that Sections 1, 6, 7, 8 and 15 shall survive any such termination and remain in full force and effect.

Section 6. Indemnification.

(a)            Indemnification of Underwriters. The Company and the Operating Partnership each agree to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, their respective officers or directors, and each person, if any, who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act, as follows:

(i)            against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact included in the Basic Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the information contained in the final term sheet required to be prepared and filed pursuant to Section 3(b) hereof, or in any amendment or supplement thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;

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(ii)            against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, to the extent of the aggregate amount paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or of any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission; provided that (subject to Section 6(d) below) any such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Company; and

(iii)            against any and all expense whatsoever, as incurred (including, subject to Section 6(c) hereof, the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel chosen by the Representatives), reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above;

provided, however, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent arising out of any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), or the Basic Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the information contained in the final term sheet required to be prepared and filed pursuant to Section 3(b) hereof, or in any amendment or supplement thereto); and provided, further, that the foregoing indemnity agreement by the Company shall not inure to the benefit of any Underwriter from whom the person asserting any losses, claims, damages or liabilities otherwise covered by this paragraph purchased Securities if the Company shall have furnished to the Underwriters prior to the Applicable Time a copy of a Free Writing Prospectus, if any, or Pricing Prospectus (as then amended and supplemented), and such document was not sent or given by or on behalf of such Underwriter to such person if required so to have been delivered, and if such Free Writing Prospectus, if any, or Pricing Prospectus (as so amended or supplemented) would have cured the defect giving rise to such loss, expense, claim, damage or liability or such loss, expense, claim, damage or liability arises from the continued use by such Underwriter of the Disclosure Package following its receipt of notice of an event or occurrence pursuant to Section 3(d).

(b)            Indemnification of Company, Operating Partnership, Trustees, Partners and Officers. Each Underwriter severally agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, the Operating Partnership, their respective trustees, partners or officers, including without limitation, each of the officers who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company or the Operating Partnership within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act, against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in subsection (a) of this Section, as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), or the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement thereto in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto) or the Basic Prospectus, the Pricing Prospectus or the Final Prospectus, or in any amendment or supplement thereto.

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(c)            Actions against Parties; Notification. Each indemnified party shall give notice as promptly as reasonably practicable to each indemnifying party of any action commenced against it in respect of which indemnity may be sought hereunder, but failure to so notify an indemnifying party shall not relieve such indemnifying party from any liability hereunder to the extent it is not materially prejudiced as a result thereof and in any event shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have otherwise than on account of this indemnity agreement. In the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 6(a) above, counsel to the indemnified parties shall be selected by the Representatives, and, in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 6(b) above, counsel to the indemnified parties shall be selected by the Company. An indemnifying party may participate at its own expense in the defense of any such action; provided, however, that counsel to the indemnifying party shall not (except with the consent of the indemnified party) also be counsel to the indemnified party. In no event shall the indemnifying parties be liable for fees and expenses of more than one counsel (in addition to any local counsel) separate from their own counsel for all indemnified parties in connection with any one action or separate but similar or related actions in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances. Subject to Section 6(d), no indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever in respect of which indemnification or contribution could be sought under this Section 6 or Section 7 hereof (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent (i) includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such litigation, investigation, proceeding or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

(d)            Settlement without Consent if Failure to Reimburse. If at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel in accordance with Section 6(a)(iii) hereof, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by Section 6(a)(ii) effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request, (ii) such indemnifying party shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at least 30 days prior to such settlement being entered into, (iii) such indemnifying party, if it has not theretofore paid such reimbursement, is requested again to pay reimbursement at least five, but not more than ten, days prior to such settlement being entered into, and (iv) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement.

Section 7.Contribution. If the indemnification provided for in Section 6 hereof is for any reason unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party in respect of any losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the aggregate amount of such losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by such indemnified party, as incurred, (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand from the offering of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and of the Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations.

19 

The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the offering of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total net proceeds from the offering of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the Company and the total underwriting discount received by the Underwriters, in each case as set forth on the cover of the Final Prospectus, bear to the aggregate initial public offering price of the Securities as set forth on such cover.

The relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any such untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or by the Underwriters and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.

The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 7 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this Section 7. The aggregate amount of losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by an indemnified party and referred to above in this Section 7 shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.

Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Securities underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.

No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

For purposes of this Section 7, each officer or director of each Underwriter and person, if any, who controls an Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as such Underwriter, and each trustee, partner or officer, as the case may be, of the Company or the Operating Partnership, including without limitation each officer who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company or the Operating Partnership within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as the Company or the Operating Partnership, as the case may be.

20 

Section 8.Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive Delivery. All representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement or in certificates of officers of the Company or any of its subsidiaries submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain operative and in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Underwriters or any controlling person of an Underwriter, or by or on behalf of the Company or the Operating Partnership or any officer or trustee or partner or controlling person of the Company or the Operating Partnership, and shall survive delivery of the Securities to the Underwriters.

Section 9. Termination of Agreement.

(a)            Termination; General. The Representatives may terminate this Agreement, by notice to the Company, at any time at or prior to Closing Time (i) if there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, any material adverse change in or affecting the condition, financial or otherwise, or the earnings or business affairs of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, or (ii) if there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial markets in the United States, or any outbreak of hostilities or escalation thereof or other calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of the Representatives, impracticable or inadvisable to commence or continue the offering of the Securities to the public or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities, or (iii) if trading in any securities of the Company has been suspended or materially limited by the Commission or by the New York Stock Exchange, or if trading generally on the New York Stock Exchange has been suspended or materially limited, or (iv) if a banking moratorium has been declared by either Federal or New York authorities or (v) if, since the time of execution of this Agreement, there shall have been any downgrading in the rating assigned to the Securities or any of the Company’s other securities by any “nationally recognized statistical rating organization” (as such term is defined pursuant to Section 3(a)(62) of the 1934 Act) or any notice given of any intended or potential downgrading in any such rating.

(b)            Liabilities. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to this Section, such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 4 hereof, and provided further that Sections 1, 6, 7, 8 and 15 shall survive such termination and remain in full force and effect.

Section 10. Default by One or More of the Underwriters.

(a)            Substitution of Defaulting Underwriters. If any Underwriter shall default in its obligation to purchase the Securities which it has agreed to purchase under this Agreement, the Representatives may in their discretion arrange for themselves or another party or other parties to purchase such Securities on the terms contained herein. If within thirty-six hours after such default by any Underwriter the Representatives do not arrange for the purchase of such Securities, then the Company shall be entitled to a further period of thirty-six hours within which to procure another party or other parties satisfactory to the Representatives to purchase such Securities on such terms. In the event that, within the respective prescribed periods, the Representatives notify the Company that they have so arranged for the purchase of such Securities, or the Company notifies the Representatives that it has so arranged for the purchase of such Securities, the Representatives or the Company shall have the right to postpone the Closing Time for a period of not more than seven days, in order to effect whatever changes may thereby be made necessary in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, or in any other documents or arrangements, and the Company agrees to file promptly any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus which in the opinion of the Representatives may thereby be made necessary. The term “Underwriter” as used in the Agreement shall include any person substituted under this Section with like effect as if such person had originally been a party to this Agreement.

21 

(b)            Purchase by Non-Defaulting Underwriters. If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the Representatives or the Company, or both, as provided in subsection (a) above, the number of Securities which remains unpurchased does not exceed one-tenth of the number of the Securities to be purchased on such date, then the Company shall have the right to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase the full amount of Securities which such Underwriter agreed to purchase under this Agreement and, in addition, to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase its pro rata share (based on the number of Securities which such Underwriter agreed to purchase under this Agreement) of the Securities of such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters for which such arrangements have not been made; but nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default.

(c)            Termination. If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the Representatives or the Company, or both, as provided in subsection (a) above, the number of Securities which remains unpurchased exceeds one-tenth of the number of the Securities to be purchased on such date, or if the Company shall not exercise the right described in subsection (b) above to require non-defaulting Underwriters to purchase Securities of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters, then this Agreement shall thereupon terminate, without liability on the party of any non-defaulting Underwriter or the Company, except for the expenses to be borne by the Company and the Underwriters provided in Section 4 hereof and the indemnity and contribution agreements in Sections 6 and 7 hereof; but nothing herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter from liability for its default.

Section 11.Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or transmitted by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the Underwriters shall be directed to BofA Securities, Inc. at 1540 Broadway, NY8-540-26-02, New York, New York 10036, Attn: High Grade Transaction Management/Legal (fax: (212) 901-7881) (email: dg.hg_ua_notices@bofa.com), to J.P. Morgan Securities LLC at 383 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10179, Attention: Investment Grade Syndicate Desk – 3rd floor, (fax: (212-834-6081), to Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC at 1585 Broadway, 29th Floor, New York, New York 10036, Attn: Investment Banking Division (fax: (212) 507-8999), to UBS Securities LLC at 1285 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10019, Attn: Fixed Income Syndicate (fax: (203) 719-0495) and to Wells Fargo Securities, LLC at 550 South Tryon Street, 5th Floor, Charlotte, North Carolina 28202, Attn: Transaction Management (email: tmgcapitalmarkets@wellsfargo.com); and notices to the Company and the Operating Partnership shall be directed to it at 888 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York 10019, attention of the Chief Financial Officer.

22 

Section 12.No Fiduciary Duty. The Company hereby acknowledges that (a) the purchase and sale of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement is an arm’s-length commercial transaction between the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters and any affiliate through which it may be acting, on the other, (b) the Underwriters are acting as principal and not as an agent or fiduciary of the Company and (c) the Company’s engagement of the Underwriters in connection with the offering and the process leading up to the offering is as independent contractors and not in any other capacity. Furthermore, the Company agrees that it is solely responsible for making its own judgments in connection with the offering (irrespective of whether any of the Underwriters has advised or is currently advising the Company on related or other matters). The Company agrees that it will not claim that the Underwriters have rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owe an agency, fiduciary or similar duty to the Company, in connection with such transaction or the process leading thereto.

Section 13.Parties. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Underwriters, the Company, the Operating Partnership and their respective successors. Nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, firm or corporation, other than the Underwriters, the Company, the Operating Partnership and their respective successors and the controlling persons and officers, trustees and partners referred to in Sections 6 and 7 and their heirs and legal representatives, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision herein contained. This Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof are intended to be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Underwriters, the Company, the Operating Partnership and their respective successors, and said controlling persons and officers, trustees and partners and their heirs and legal representatives, and for the benefit of no other person, firm or corporation. No purchaser of Securities from any Underwriter shall be deemed to be a successor by reason merely of such purchase.

Section 14. Miscellaneous.

(a)            In accordance with the requirements of the USA Patriot Act (Title III of Pub. L. 107-56 (signed into law October 26, 2001)), the Underwriters are required to obtain, verify and record information that identifies their respective clients, including the Company, which information may include the name and address of their respective clients, as well as other information that will allow the underwriters to properly identify their respective clients.

(b)            This Agreement may be executed by any one or more of the parties hereto in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Counterparts may be delivered via facsimile, electronic mail (including any electronic signature covered by the U.S. federal ESIGN Act of 2000, Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, the Electronic Signatures and Records Act or other applicable law, e.g., www.docusign.com) or other transmission method and any counterpart so delivered shall be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.

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Section 15. Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution Process.

(a)            In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from such Underwriter of this Agreement, and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement, will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.

(b)            In the event that any Underwriter that is a Covered Entity or a BHC Act Affiliate of such Underwriter becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under this Agreement that may be exercised against such Underwriter are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.

For purposes of this Section 15, a “BHC Act Affiliate” has the meaning assigned to the term “affiliate” in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. § 1841(k). “Covered Entity” means any of the following: (i) a “covered entity” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 252.82(b); (ii) a “covered bank” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 47.3(b); or (iii) a “covered FSI” as that term is defined in, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. § 382.2(b). “Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable. “U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means each of (i) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

Section 16.Governing Law and Time. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. SPECIFIED TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME.

Section 17.Trial by Jury. Each of the Company (on its behalf and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, on behalf of its partners and affiliates) and the Underwriters hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.

Section 18.Effect of Headings. The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

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If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to the Company a counterpart hereof, whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts, will become a binding agreement among the Underwriters, the Company and the Operating Partnership in accordance with its terms.

Very truly yours,
VORNADO REALTY TRUST
By:	/s/ Steven Borenstein
	Name:	Steven Borenstein
	Title:	Senior Vice President
VORNADO REALTY L.P.
By:	Vornado Realty Trust, its General Partner
By:	/s/ Steven Borenstein
	Name:	Steven Borenstein
	Title:	Senior Vice President

[Signature Page to Underwriting Agreement]

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CONFIRMED AND ACCEPTED,

as of the date first above written.

By: BofA Securities, Inc.

By: /s/ Hicham Hamdouch

Name:	Hicham Hamdouch
Title:	Managing Director

By: J.P. Morgan Securities LLC

By: /s/ Stephen L. Sheiner

Name:	Stephen L. Sheiner
Title:	Executive Director

By: Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC

By: /s/ Jason J. Occi

Name:	Jason J. Occi
Title:	Executive Director

By: UBS Securities LLC

By: /s/ Todd Mahoney

Name:	Todd Mahoney
Title:	Managing Director, DCM Syndicate Americas

By: /s/ Igor Grinberg

Name:	Igor Grinberg
Title:	Executive Director, DCM Syndicate Americas

By: Wells Fargo Securities, LLC

By: /s/ Carolyn Hurley

Name:	Carolyn Hurley
Title:	Managing Director

For themselves and as Representatives of the
other Underwriters named in Schedule A hereto.

[Signature Page to Underwriting Agreement]

SCHEDULE A

Name of Underwriters	Number of Securities
BofA Securities, Inc.		2,400,000
J.P. Morgan Securities LLC		2,400,000
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC		2,400,000
UBS Securities LLC		2,400,000
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC		2,400,000
Total		12,000,000

Sch A-26 

SCHEDULE B

VORNADO REALTY TRUST

4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest

Title of Designated Shares:

4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest

Number of Designated Shares:

12,000,000 shares

Public Offering Price:

$25.00 per share, plus accrued dividends, if any, from the date of original issue.

Purchase Price by Underwriters:

$24.2125 per share (retail) / $24.50 per share (institutional), plus accrued dividends, if any, from the date of original issue.

Underwriting Discount:

$0.7875 per share (retail) / $0.50 per share (institutional)

Sch B-11 

SCHEDULE C

FREE WRITING PROSPECTUSES

The Final Term Sheet attached hereto as Schedule D.

Sch C-2 

SCHEDULE D

FINAL TERM SHEET

Filed pursuant to Rule 433

September 13, 2021

Relating to

Preliminary Prospectus Supplement dated September 13, 2021 to

Prospectus dated April 1, 2021

Registration Statement No. 333-254965

Vornado Realty Trust
4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest

Pricing Term Sheet

Issuer:	Vornado Realty Trust
Securities Offered:	12,000,000 of the Series O Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest (liquidation preference $25.00 per share) of the Issuer.
Public Offering Price:	$25.00 per share, plus accrued dividends, if any, from the date of original issue.
Underwriting Discount:	$0.7875 per share (retail); $4,949,752.50 total; and $0.50 per share (institutional); $2,857,300.00 total
Net Proceeds to the Issuer, before Expenses:	$292,192,947.50 total
Dividends:	Dividends on each Series O Preferred Share will be cumulative from the date of original issue and are payable quarterly in arrears on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 of each year, commencing January 1, 2022, at the rate of 4.45% of the liquidation preference per annum, or $1.1125 per Series O Preferred Share per annum.
Liquidation Preference:	$25.00 per share, plus an amount equal to accrued and unpaid dividends (whether or not earned or declared).
Denomination:	$25.00 and integral multiples thereof.
Trade Date:	September 13, 2021
Settlement Date:	September 22, 2021 (T+7)
Maturity:	The Series O Preferred Shares have no maturity date, and the Issuer is not required to redeem the Series O Preferred Shares. Accordingly, the Series O Preferred Shares will remain outstanding indefinitely unless the Issuer decides to redeem them. The Issuer is not required to set aside funds to redeem the Series O Preferred Shares.

Sch D-1 

Redemption at Option of the Issuer:	Except in instances relating to preservation of the Issuer’s status as a real estate investment trust, the Series O Preferred Shares are not redeemable until September 22, 2026. On and after such date, the Issuer may redeem the Series O Preferred Shares, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends through the date fixed for redemption. The Series O Preferred Shares have no maturity date and will remain outstanding indefinitely unless redeemed.
Joint Book-Running Managers:	BofA Securities, Inc. J.P. Morgan Securities LLC Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC UBS Securities LLC Wells Fargo Securities, LLC
Use of Proceeds:	The Issuer will use the net proceeds for the redemption of the Issuer’s 5.70% Series K Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares pursuant to terms thereof.
Expected Listing:	The Issuer intends to file an application to list the Series O Preferred Shares on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “VNO Pr O.”  If this application is approved, trading of the Series O Preferred Shares on the New York Stock Exchange is expected to begin within 30 days following the date of original issue of the Series O Preferred Shares.
CUSIP / ISIN:	929042794 / US9290427940

It is expected that delivery of the Series O Preferred Shares will be made against payment therefor on or about September 22, 2021, which is the seventh business day following the date hereof (such settlement cycle being referred to as “T+7”). Under Rule 15c6-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in two business days unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade the Series O Preferred Shares on the date of pricing or the next four business days will be required, by virtue of the fact that the Series O Preferred Shares initially will settle in T+7, to specify an alternative settlement cycle at the time of any such trade to prevent failed settlement. Purchasers of the Series O Preferred Shares who wish to trade the Series O Preferred Shares on the date of pricing or the next four business days should consult their own advisors.

Sch D-2 

Vornado Realty Trust has filed a registration statement (including a prospectus) with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for the offering to which this communication relates. Before you invest, you should read the prospectus in the registration statement and the other documents Vornado Realty Trust has filed with the SEC for more complete information about Vornado Realty Trust and this offering. You may get these documents for free by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Web site at www.sec.gov. Alternatively, you can request the prospectus by calling BofA Securities, Inc. toll-free at 1-800-294-1322, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (collect) at (212) 834-4533, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC toll-free at 1-866-718-1649, UBS Securities LLC toll-free at 1-888-827-7275, and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC toll-free at 1-800-645-3751.

Sch D-3

Exhibit A

FORM OF OPINION OF COMPANY’S COUNSEL
TO BE DELIVERED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 5(b)

(i)            The Company is a real estate investment trust duly formed and existing under the laws of the State of Maryland and is in good standing with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland;

(ii)           The Company has the trust power to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business substantially as described in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus under the heading “Vornado Realty Trust and Vornado Realty L.P.” and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement;

(iii)          The Operating Partnership is a limited partnership existing under the laws of the State of Delaware and has the partnership power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and conduct its business substantially as described in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus;

(iv)          The Securities have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and nonassessable;

(v)           This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and the Operating Partnership;

(vi)          The Registration Statement became effective upon filing under the 1933 Act, and, to the best of such counsel’s knowledge, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending under the 1933 Act;

(vii)         All regulatory consents, authorizations, approvals and filings required to be obtained or made by the Company under the Covered Laws for the issuance, sale and delivery of the Securities by the Company to you have been obtained or made;

(viii)        The issuance, sale and delivery of the Securities by the Company does not violate any Covered Laws.

(ix)           The issuance, sale and delivery of the Securities by the Company does not (A) violate the Company’s Declaration of Trust or Bylaws or the certificate of limited partnership of the Operating Partnership, in each case as amended and as in effect on the Closing Time, or (B) result in a default under or breach or violation of the agreements filed as exhibit Nos. 10.1 through 10.43, inclusive, to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 or as exhibit Nos. 10.44 through 10.46, inclusive, to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021; provided, however, that such counsel may express no opinion in clause (B) as to compliance with any financial or accounting test, or any limitation or restriction expressed as a dollar amount, ratio or percentage;

A-1 

(x)            Such counsel shall confirm the opinion that, commencing with its taxable year ending December 31, 1993, the Company has been organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code, its manner of operations has enabled it to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT for taxable years ending on or prior to the date hereof and its proposed method of operations will enable it to satisfy the current requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT for subsequent taxable years; in providing such opinion, such counsel may rely (i) without independent investigation, upon the statements and representations contained in certificates provided by the Company, Two Penn Plaza REIT, Inc., SO Hudson Westside I Corp., VCP One Park Parallel REIT LLC, 280 Park REIT LLC, Going Away LLC, 6M REIT LLC, Shenandoah Parent LLC, Skyline Parent LLC, VNO 7 West 34th Street Sub LLC, 640 Fifth Avenue Holdings LLC, 655 Fifth Avenue Holdings LLC, 666 Fifth Avenue Retail Holdings LLC, 689 Fifth Avenue Holdings LLC, 697 Fifth/2 East 55th Street TIC A Owner LLC, 1535/1540 Broadway Holdings LLC, and Manhattan High Street REIT Holdings LLC, (ii) without independent investigation, upon statements and representations contained in certificates provided by Alexander’s, Inc. and Americold Realty Trust, (iii) without independent investigation, upon an opinion of Shearman & Sterling concerning the qualification of Alexander’s as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and upon an opinion of Paul Hastings LLP concerning the qualification of Lexington Realty Trust as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, and (iv) without independent investigation upon any other certificates or opinions of counsel as deemed necessary or appropriate in rendering such opinion and subject to an analysis of the Code, Treasury Regulations thereunder, judicial authority and current administrative rulings and such other laws and facts as deemed relevant and necessary; and

(xi)           Neither the Company nor the Operating Partnership is, and solely after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Securities and the application of proceeds thereof as described in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, would be an “investment company” or an entity “controlled” by an “investment company,” as such terms are defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940.

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For purposes of the opinions in paragraphs (vii) and (viii) above, “Covered Laws” means the Federal laws of the United States, the statutory laws of the State of New York and, with respect to the Operating Partnership, the provisions of the Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act of the State of Delaware (including the published rules and regulations thereunder) that in such counsel’s experience normally are applicable to general business entities and the issuance, sale and delivery of securities; provided, however, that such term does not include Federal or state securities laws, antifraud laws or fraudulent transfer laws, tax laws, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, antitrust laws or any law that is applicable to the Company, the Operating Partnership, the Securities or the issuance, sale and delivery thereof solely as part of a regulatory regime applicable to the Company, the Operating Partnership or their respective affiliates due to its or their status, business or assets. Such counsel may also state that its opinion is limited to the Federal laws of the United States of America, the laws of the State of New York and the Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act of the State of Delaware, such counsel may express no opinion as to the effect of the laws of any other jurisdiction, and such counsel may note that with respect to all matters of Maryland law, you have received an opinion of Venable LLP; and such counsel may rely as to certain matters upon information obtained from public officials, officers of the Company and its subsidiaries and other sources believed by them to be responsible. Such counsel may assume that the certificates for the Securities conform to the specimen thereof examined by them and have been duly countersigned by a transfer agent of the Securities, that this Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Underwriters and that the signatures on all documents examined by them are genuine, assumptions which such counsel need not independently verify.

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FORM OF LETTER OF COMPANY’S COUNSEL
TO BE DELIVERED PURSUANT
TO SECTION 5(b)

(i)            On the basis of the information that was gained in the course of the performance of the services referred to in their letter, considered in the light of their understanding of the applicable law (including the requirements of Form S-3 and the character of the prospectus contemplated thereby) and the experience they have gained through their practice under the 1933 Act, such counsel are of the opinion that the Registration Statement, as of the date of the Final Prospectus, and the Final Prospectus, as of its date, appeared on their face to be appropriately responsive, in all material respects relevant to the offering of the Securities, to the requirements of the 1933 Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder; and that nothing that came to their attention in the course of their review has caused them to believe that, insofar as relevant to the offering of the Securities, the Registration Statement, as of the date of the Final Prospectus, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or that the Disclosure Package, as of the Applicable Time (which counsel has been informed is prior to the time of the first sale of the Securities), or that the Final Prospectus, as of its date, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; also, nothing that has come to such counsel’s attention in the course of certain procedures (as described in such opinion) which has caused such counsel to believe that, insofar as relevant to the offering of the Securities, the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, as of the date and time of delivery of such letter, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that such opinion may state that the limitations inherent in the independent verification of factual matters and the character of determinations involved in the registration process are such that such counsel does not assume any responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, except for those made under the captions “Description of Shares of Beneficial Interest of Vornado Realty Trust — Description of Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest of Vornado Realty Trust” and “Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the Basic Prospectus and “Description of the Series O Preferred Shares” and “Additional U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus insofar as they relate to the provisions of documents or United States Federal tax law therein described, and that such counsel does not express any opinion or belief as to the financial statements or schedules or other financial data derived from accounting records contained in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, or as to the report of management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting or the auditors’ report as to the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.

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(ii)            Such counsel does not know of any pending legal proceedings against the Company or any of its consolidated subsidiaries that would be required to be disclosed in the Basic Prospectus, as supplemented by the Final Prospectus, and is not so disclosed; and, insofar as relevant to the offering of Securities, such counsel does not know of any documents that are required to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement and are not so filed.

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Exhibit B

FORM OF OPINION OF
MARYLAND COUNSEL TO THE COMPANY
TO BE DELIVERED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 5(c)

(i)            The Company is a real estate investment trust duly formed and existing under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Maryland and is in good standing with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (the “SDAT”);

(ii)            The Company has the trust power to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business substantially as described in the Basic Prospectus under the heading “Vornado Realty Trust and Vornado Realty L.P.” and in the Prospectus under the heading “Vornado and the Operating Partnership” and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement;

(iii)          The issuance and sale of the Securities to the Underwriters pursuant to this Agreement have been duly authorized, and, when issued and delivered by the Company against payment therefor pursuant to this Agreement and the resolutions of the Board of Trustees and the duly authorized committee thereof authorizing their issuance, the Securities will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable;

(iv)          The statements under the headings “Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of our Declaration of Trust and Bylaws” and “Description of Shares of Beneficial Interest of Vornado Realty Trust” in the Basic Prospectus and “Description of the Series O Preferred Shares” in the Prospectus, to the extent that such statements purport to summarize or describe matters of Maryland law, summaries of legal matters, documents or proceedings or legal conclusions, have been reviewed by such counsel and are correct in all material respects;

(v)           The Securities conform in all material respects as to matters of Maryland law to the description thereof contained under the captions “Description of Shares of Beneficial Interest of Vornado Realty Trust” in the Basic Prospectus and “Description of the Series O Preferred Shares” in the Prospectus and the form of certificate evidencing the Securities is in due and proper form in accordance with Title 8 of the Corporations and Associations Article of the Annotated Code of Maryland (“Title 8”);

(vi)          The issuance of the Securities is not subject to any preemptive or similar rights arising under Title 8, the Declaration of Trust or the Bylaws of the Company;

(vii)         No authorization, approval, consent or order of any court or governmental authority or agency of the State of Maryland is required in connection with the offering, issuance or sale of the Securities to the Underwriters, except such as may be required under the securities laws or regulations of any state or other jurisdiction, including the State of Maryland, as to which no opinion is expressed;

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(viii)        This Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary trust action of the Company, executed and, so far as is known to us, delivered by the Company on its own behalf and in its capacity as general partner of the Operating Partnership;

(ix)           The execution and filing of Articles Supplementary relating to the Securities (the “Articles Supplementary”) have been duly authorized by the Company and the Articles Supplementary have been executed in accordance with Title 8 and have been filed with the SDAT; and

(x)            The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein and the compliance by the Company with its obligations hereunder do not result in any violation of (A) the provisions of the Declaration of Trust or Bylaws of the Company or (B) any applicable Maryland law or administrative regulation or, to the best knowledge of such counsel, administrative or court decree of the State of Maryland, except with respect to clause (B), such violations as would not have a material adverse effect on the general affairs, management, financial position, shareholders’ equity or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries.

In giving these opinions, Venable LLP may state that such opinions are limited to the laws of the State of Maryland and may rely (1) as to all matters of fact, upon certificates and written statements of officers and employees of and accountants for the Company and (2) as to the qualification and good standing of the Company or any of its subsidiaries in any other jurisdiction, upon opinions of counsel in such other jurisdictions and certificates of appropriate government officials.

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Exhibit C

FORM OF OFFICER’S CERTIFICATE OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER OF VORNADO REALTY TRUST

I, Michael J. Franco, do hereby certify that I am the Chief Financial Officer of Vornado Realty Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust (the “Company”), and, in such capacity, do hereby certify that:

1.            I am providing this certificate in connection with the Company’s offering of its 4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest (liquidation preference $25.00 per share) (the “Securities”) as described in the Company’s preliminary prospectus supplement, dated September 13, 2021 (the “Prospectus Supplement”), to the prospectus dated April 1, 2021 (the “Prospectus”);

2.            I am familiar with the accounting, financial operations and financial records of the Company;

3.            The Company has prepared each of the numbers (the “Financial Numbers”) that are circled and ticked with the symbol “X” in the pages of (i) the Prospectus Supplement, (ii) the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, filed by the Company on February 16, 2021, (iii) the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021, filed by the Company on May 3, 2021 and (iv) the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2021, filed by the Company on August 2, 2021, in each case attached in Appendix I hereto, and the Financial Numbers are accurate and correct in all material respects.

This certificate is being furnished to BofA Securities, Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, UBS Securities LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as representatives of the underwriters, solely to assist them in conducting their investigation of the Company and its subsidiaries in connection with offering of the Securities. This certificate shall not be used, quoted or otherwise referred to without the prior written consent of the Company.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto subscribed my name this ___ day of September, 2021.

By:

Name:	Michael J. Franco
Title:	Chief Financial Officer

[Signature Page to Officer’s Certificate of Chief Financial Officer]

EX-3.1

Exhibit 3.1

VORNADO REALTY TRUST

ARTICLES SUPPLEMENTARY

4.45% SERIES O CUMULATIVE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED SHARES
(liquidation preference $25.00 per share)

Vornado Realty Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust (the “Trust”), hereby certifies to the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland that:

First:      Under a power contained in the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the Trust (as amended, the “Declaration”), the Board of Trustees of the Trust established a Pricing Committee of the Board of Trustees which, by resolutions adopted unanimously at a meeting of the Pricing Committee, classified and designated 12,000,000 shares (the “Shares”) of the Preferred Stock, no par value per share (as defined in the Declaration), as 4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest, liquidation preference $25.00 per share (“Series O Preferred Shares”), with the following preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption, which upon any restatement of the Declaration, shall be deemed to be part of Article VI of the Declaration, with any necessary or appropriate changes to the enumeration or lettering of sections or subsections hereof:

4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares

Section 1. Number of Shares and Designation. This series of Preferred Stock shall be designated as 4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest, liquidation preference $25.00 per share (the “Series O Preferred Shares”), and 12,000,000 shall be the number of shares of Preferred Stock constituting such series.

Section 2. Definitions. For purposes of the Series O Preferred Shares, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:

“Annual Dividend Rate” shall have the meaning set forth in paragraph (a) of Section 3 hereof.

“Board of Trustees” shall mean the Board of Trustees of the Trust or any committee authorized by such Board of Trustees to perform any of its responsibilities with respect to the Series O Preferred Shares.

“Business Day” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which state or federally chartered banking institutions in New York, New York are not required to be open.

“Common Shares” shall mean the common shares of beneficial interest of the Trust, par value $.04 per share.

“Declaration” shall mean the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the Trust, as amended.

“Dividend Payment Date” shall mean January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1, of each year, commencing on January 1, 2022; provided, however, that if any Dividend Payment Date falls on any day other than a Business Day, the dividend payment due on such Dividend Payment Date shall be paid on the first Business Day immediately following such Dividend Payment Date.

“Dividend Payment Record Date” shall have the meaning set forth in paragraph (a) of Section 3 hereof.

“Dividend Periods” shall mean quarterly dividend periods commencing on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 of each year and ending on and including the day preceding the first day of the next succeeding Dividend Period (other than the initial Dividend Period with respect to each Series O Preferred Share, which, (i) for Series O Preferred Shares issued prior to January 1, 2022, shall commence on the date of original issue by the Trust of any Series O Preferred Shares and end on and include the day preceding the first day of the next succeeding Dividend Period; and (ii) for Series O Preferred Shares issued on or after January 1, 2022, shall commence on the Dividend Payment Date with respect to which dividends were actually paid on Series O Preferred Shares that were outstanding immediately preceding the issuance of such Series O Preferred Shares and end on and include the day preceding the first day of the next succeeding Dividend Period).

“Junior Shares” shall mean the Common Shares and any other class or series of shares of beneficial interest of the Trust constituting junior shares of beneficial interest within the meaning set forth in paragraph (c) of Section 9 hereof.

“Liquidation Preference” shall have the meaning set forth in paragraph (a) of Section 4 hereof.

“Parity Shares” shall have the meaning set forth in paragraph (b) of Section 9 hereof.

“Person” shall mean any individual, firm, partnership, corporation, limited liability company or other entity, and shall include any successor (by merger or otherwise) of such entity.

“Redemption Date” shall have the meaning set forth in paragraph (b) of Section 5 hereof.

“Redemption Price” shall have the meaning set forth in paragraph (b) of Section 5 hereof.

“Series O Preferred Shares” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1 hereof.

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“set apart for payment” shall be deemed to include, without any action other than the following, the recording by the Trust in its accounting ledgers of any accounting or bookkeeping entry which indicates, pursuant to a declaration of a dividend or other distribution by the Board of Trustees, the allocation of funds to be so paid on any series or class of shares of beneficial interest of the Trust; provided, however, that if any funds for any class or series of Junior Shares or any class or series of shares of beneficial interest ranking on a parity with the Series O Preferred Shares as to the payment of dividends are placed in a separate account of the Trust or delivered to a disbursing, paying or other similar agent, then “set apart for payment” with respect to the Series O Preferred Shares shall mean placing such funds in a separate account or delivering such funds to a disbursing, paying or other similar agent.

“Transfer Agent” means American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, New York, New York, or such other agent or agents of the Trust as may be designated by the Board of Trustees or its designee as the transfer agent for the Series O Preferred Shares.

“Voting Preferred Shares” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 10 hereof.

Section 3. Dividends. (a) The holders of Series O Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if authorized by the Board of Trustees and declared by the Trust out of assets legally available for that purpose, dividends payable in cash at the rate per annum of $1.1125 per Series O Preferred Share (the “Annual Dividend Rate”) (equivalent to a rate of 4.45% of the Liquidation Preference per annum). Such dividends with respect to each Series O Preferred Share issued prior to January 1, 2022 shall be cumulative from the date of original issue by the Trust of any Series O Preferred Shares and with respect to each Series O Preferred Share issued on or after January 1, 2022 shall be cumulative from the Dividend Payment Date with respect to which dividends were actually paid on Series O Preferred Shares that were outstanding immediately preceding the issuance of such Series O Preferred Shares, whether or not in any Dividend Period or Periods there shall be assets of the Trust legally available for the payment of such dividends, and shall be payable quarterly, when, as and if authorized by the Board of Trustees and declared by the Trust, in arrears on Dividend Payment Dates, commencing with respect to each Series O Preferred Share on the first Dividend Payment Date following issuance of such Series O Preferred Share. Dividends are cumulative from the most recent Dividend Payment Date to which dividends have been paid, whether or not in any Dividend Period or Periods there shall be assets legally available therefor. Each such dividend shall be payable in arrears to the holders of record of the Series O Preferred Shares, as they appear on the share records of the Trust at the close of business on such record dates, not more than 30 days preceding the applicable Dividend Payment Date (the “Dividend Payment Record Date”), as shall be fixed by the Board of Trustees. Accrued and unpaid dividends for any past Dividend Periods may be authorized and declared and paid at any time, without reference to any regular Dividend Payment Date, to holders of record on such date, not exceeding 45 days preceding the payment date thereof, as may be fixed by the Board of Trustees.

(b)            The amount of dividends payable for each full Dividend Period for the Series O Preferred Shares shall be computed by dividing the Annual Dividend Rate by four. The amount of dividends payable for the initial Dividend Period, or any other period shorter or longer than a full Dividend Period, on the Series O Preferred Shares shall be computed on the basis of twelve 30-day months and a 360-day year. Holders of Series O Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to any dividends, whether payable in cash, property or stock, in excess of cumulative dividends, as herein provided, on the Series O Preferred Shares. No interest, or sum of money in lieu of interest, shall be payable in respect of any dividend payment or payments on the Series O Preferred Shares that may be in arrears.

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(c)            So long as any Series O Preferred Shares are outstanding, no dividends, except as described in the immediately following sentence, shall be authorized and declared or paid or set apart for payment on any series or class or classes of Parity Shares for any period unless full cumulative dividends have been or contemporaneously are authorized and declared and paid or authorized and declared and a sum sufficient for the payment thereof set apart for such payment on the Series O Preferred Shares for all Dividend Periods terminating on or prior to the Dividend Payment Date on such class or series of Parity Shares. When dividends are not paid in full or a sum sufficient for such payment is not set apart, as aforesaid, all dividends authorized and declared upon Series O Preferred Shares and all dividends authorized and declared upon any other series or class or classes of Parity Shares shall be authorized and declared ratably in proportion to the respective amounts of dividends accumulated and unpaid on the Series O Preferred Shares and such Parity Shares.

(d)            So long as any Series O Preferred Shares are outstanding, no dividends (other than dividends or distributions paid solely in shares of, or options, warrants or rights to subscribe for or purchase shares of, Junior Shares) shall be authorized and declared or paid or set apart for payment or other distribution authorized and declared or made upon Junior Shares, nor shall any Junior Shares be redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired (other than a redemption, purchase or other acquisition of Common Shares made for purposes of and in compliance with requirements of an employee incentive or benefit plan of the Trust or any subsidiary, or as permitted under Article VI of the Declaration), for any consideration (or any moneys to be paid to or made available for a sinking fund for the redemption of any such shares) by the Trust, directly or indirectly (except by conversion into or exchange for Junior Shares), unless in each case (i) the full cumulative dividends on all outstanding Series O Preferred Shares and any other Parity Shares of the Trust shall have been paid or set apart for payment for all past Dividend Periods with respect to the Series O Preferred Shares and all past dividend periods with respect to such Parity Shares and (ii) sufficient funds shall have been paid or set apart for the payment of the dividend for the current Dividend Period with respect to the Series O Preferred Shares and any Parity Shares.

Section 4. Liquidation Preference. (a) In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Trust, whether voluntary or involuntary, before any payment or distribution of the assets of the Trust (whether capital or surplus) shall be made to or set apart for the holders of Junior Shares, the holders of Series O Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive Twenty-Five Dollars ($25.00) per Series O Preferred Share (the “Liquidation Preference”) plus an amount equal to all dividends (whether or not earned or declared) accrued and unpaid thereon as of the date of final distribution to such holder; but such holders of Series O Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to any further payment. If, upon any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Trust, the assets of the Trust, or proceeds thereof, distributable to the holders of Series O Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to pay in full the preferential amount aforesaid and liquidating payments on any other Parity Shares, then such assets, or the proceeds thereof, shall be distributed to the holders of such Series O Preferred Shares and any such other Parity Shares ratably in accordance with the respective amounts that would be payable on such Series O Preferred Shares and any such other Parity Shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. For the purposes of this Section 4, (i) a consolidation or merger of the Trust with one or more entities, (ii) a statutory share exchange and (iii) a sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the Trust’s assets shall not be deemed to be a liquidation or voluntary or involuntary dissolution or winding up of the Trust.

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(b)            Subject to the rights of the holders of shares of any series or class or classes of shares of beneficial interest ranking on a parity with or prior to the Series O Preferred Shares upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Trust, after payment shall have been made in full to the holders of the Series O Preferred Shares, as provided in this Section 4, any series or class or classes of Junior Shares shall, subject to any respective terms and provisions applying thereto, be entitled to receive any and all assets remaining to be paid or distributed, and the holders of the Series O Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to share therein.

Section 5. Redemption at the Option of the Trust.

(a)            Except as otherwise permitted by the Declaration, the Series O Preferred Shares shall not be redeemable by the Trust prior to September 22, 2026. On and after September 22, 2026, the Trust, at its option, may redeem the shares of Series O Preferred Shares, in whole or in part, as set forth herein, subject to the provisions described below.

(b)            On and after September 22, 2026, the Series O Preferred Shares shall be redeemable at the option of the Trust, in whole or in part, at any time or from time to time, at a redemption price equal to $25.00 per Series O Preferred Share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends as of the date fixed for redemption (the “Redemption Price”). Each date on which Series O Preferred Shares are to be redeemed (a “Redemption Date”) (which may not be before September 22, 2026) shall be selected by the Trust, shall be specified in the notice of redemption and shall not be less than 30 days or more than 60 days after the date on which the Trust gives, or causes to be given, notice of redemption by mail pursuant to the next paragraph.

A notice of redemption shall be mailed, postage prepaid, not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the redemption date, addressed to the respective holders of record of the Series O Preferred Shares at their respective addresses as they appear on the Trust’s share transfer records. A failure to give such notice or any defect in the notice or in its mailing shall not affect the validity of the proceedings for the redemption of any Series O Preferred Shares except as to the holder to whom notice was defective or not given. Each notice shall state: (i) the Redemption Date; (ii) the Redemption Price; (iii) the number of Series O Preferred Shares to be redeemed and, if fewer than all the Series O Preferred Shares held by such holder are to be redeemed, the number of such Series O Preferred Shares to be redeemed from such holder; (iv) the place or places where the certificates evidencing the Series O Preferred Shares are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price; and (v) that distributions on the shares to be redeemed will cease to accrue on such Redemption Date except as otherwise provided herein.

(c)            Upon any redemption of Series O Preferred Shares, the Trust shall pay any accrued and unpaid dividends to the Redemption Date unless the Redemption Date falls after a Dividend Payment Record Date that has been set by the Board and declared by the Company and prior to the corresponding Dividend Payment Date, in which case, the holders of Series O Preferred Shares at the close of business on such Dividend Payment Record Date shall be entitled to the dividend payable on such Series O Preferred Shares on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date notwithstanding the redemption of such Series O Preferred Shares before such Dividend Payment Date. Except as provided above, the Trust shall make no payment or allowance for unpaid dividends, whether or not in arrears, on Series O Preferred Shares called for redemption.

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(d)            If full cumulative dividends on the Series O Preferred Shares and any other series or class or classes of Parity Shares of the Trust have not been paid or declared and set apart for payment, except as otherwise permitted under the Declaration, the Series O Preferred Shares may not be redeemed in part and the Trust may not purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire Series O Preferred Shares or any Parity Shares other than in exchange for Junior Shares.

(e)            Notice having been mailed as aforesaid, from and after the Redemption Date (unless the Trust shall fail to make available the amount of cash necessary to effect such redemption), (i) except as otherwise provided herein, dividends on the Series O Preferred Shares so called for redemption shall cease to accrue, (ii) said shares shall no longer be deemed to be outstanding, and (iii) all rights of the holders thereof as holders of Series O Preferred Shares of the Trust shall cease (except the rights to receive the cash payable upon such redemption, without interest thereon, upon surrender and endorsement of their certificates if so required and to receive any dividends payable thereon). The Trust’s obligation to provide cash in accordance with the preceding sentence shall be deemed fulfilled if, on or before the Redemption Date, the Trust shall deposit with a bank or trust company (which may be an affiliate of the Trust) that has an office in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, or in Baltimore, Maryland and that has, or is an affiliate of a bank or trust company that has, a capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000, the cash necessary for such redemption, in trust, with irrevocable instructions that such cash be applied to the redemption of the Series O Preferred Shares so called for redemption. No interest shall accrue for the benefit of the holder of Series O Preferred Shares to be redeemed on any cash so set aside by the Trust. Subject to applicable escheat laws, any such cash unclaimed at the end of two years from the Redemption Date shall revert to the general funds of the Trust, after which reversion the holders of such shares so called for redemption shall look only to the general funds of the Trust for the payment of such cash.

As promptly as practicable after the surrender in accordance with said notice of the certificates for any such Series O Preferred Shares so redeemed (properly endorsed or assigned for transfer, if the Trust shall so require and if the notice shall so state), such Series O Preferred Shares shall be exchanged for the cash (without interest thereon) for which such Series O Preferred Shares have been redeemed. If fewer than all of the outstanding Series O Preferred Shares are to be redeemed, the Series O Preferred Shares to be redeemed shall be selected by the Trust from the outstanding Series O Preferred Shares not previously called for redemption by lot or pro rata (as nearly as may be) or by any other method determined by the Trust in its sole discretion to be equitable. If fewer than all the Series O Preferred Shares evidenced by any certificate are redeemed, then new certificates evidencing the unredeemed Series O Preferred Shares shall be issued without cost to the holder thereof.

Section 6. Reacquired Shares to Be Retired. All Series O Preferred Shares which shall have been issued and reacquired in any manner by the Trust shall be restored to the status of authorized but unissued shares of Preferred Stock, without designation as to series.

Section 7. No Right of Conversion. The Series O Preferred Shares are not convertible into or exchangeable for any other property or securities of the Trust at the option of any holder of Series O Preferred Shares.

6 

Section 8. Permissible Distributions. In determining whether a distribution (other than upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up), whether by dividend, or upon redemption or other acquisition of shares or otherwise, is permitted under Maryland law, amounts that would be needed, if the Trust were to be dissolved at the time of the distribution, to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of holders of shares of any class or series of beneficial interest whose preferential rights upon dissolution are superior or prior to those receiving the distribution shall not be added to the Trust’s total liabilities.

Section 9. Ranking. Any class or series of shares of beneficial interest of the Trust shall be deemed to rank:

(a)            prior to the Series O Preferred Shares, as to the payment of dividends and as to distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, if the holders of such class or series shall be entitled to the receipt of dividends or of amounts distributable upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, as the case may be, in preference or priority to the holders of Series O Preferred Shares;

(b)            on a parity with the Series O Preferred Shares, as to the payment of dividends and as to the distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, whether or not the dividend rates, dividend payment dates or redemption or liquidation prices per share thereof be different from those of the Series O Preferred Shares, if the holders of such class or series and the Series O Preferred Shares shall be entitled to the receipt of dividends and of amounts distributable upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up in proportion to their respective amounts of accrued and unpaid dividends per share or liquidation preferences, without preference or priority one over the other (“Parity Shares”); and

(c)            junior to the Series O Preferred Shares, as to the payment of dividends or as to the distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, if such class or series of shares shall be Common Shares or if the holders of Series O Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receipt of dividends or of amounts distributable upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, as the case may be, in preference or priority to the holders of shares of such class or series, and such class or series shall not in either case rank prior to the Series O Preferred Shares (“Junior Shares”).

Accordingly, the $3.25 Series A Convertible Preferred Shares, 7.00% Series D-10 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares; 7.20% Series D-11 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares; 6.55% Series D-12 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, 6.75% Series D-14 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares; 6.875% Series D-15 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares; 5.70% Series K Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, 5.40% Series L Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, 5.25% Series M Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares and 5.25% Series N Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares are Parity Shares.

Section 10. Voting. Except as otherwise set forth herein, the Series O Preferred Shares shall not have any relative, participating, optional or other voting rights or powers, and the consent of the holders thereof shall not be required for the taking of any trust action.

7 

If and whenever six quarterly dividends (whether or not consecutive) payable on the Series O Preferred Shares or any series or class of Parity Shares shall be in arrears (which shall, with respect to any such quarterly dividend, mean that any such dividend has not been paid in full), whether or not earned or declared, the number of trustees then constituting the Board of Trustees shall be increased by two and the holders of Series O Preferred Shares, together with the holders of shares of every other series or class of Parity Shares having like voting rights (shares of any such other series, the “Voting Preferred Shares”), voting together as a single class regardless of series, shall be entitled to elect the two additional trustees to serve on the Board of Trustees at any annual meeting of shareholders or special meeting held in place thereof, or at a special meeting of the holders of Series O Preferred Shares and the Voting Preferred Shares called as hereinafter provided. Whenever all arrears in dividends on the Series O Preferred Shares and the Voting Preferred Shares then outstanding shall have been paid and full dividends thereon for the current quarterly dividend period shall have been paid or declared and set apart for payment, then the right of the holders of the Series O Preferred Shares and the Voting Preferred Shares to elect such additional two trustees shall cease (but subject always to the same provision for the vesting of such voting rights in the case of any similar future arrearages in six quarterly dividends), and the terms of office of all persons elected as trustees by the holders of the Series O Preferred Shares and the Voting Preferred Shares shall forthwith terminate and the number of trustees constituting the Board of Trustees shall be reduced accordingly. At any time after such voting power shall have been so vested in the holders of shares of Series O Preferred Shares and the Voting Preferred Shares, the Secretary of the Trust may, and upon the written request of any holder of Series O Preferred Shares (addressed to the Secretary at the principal office of the Trust) shall, call a special meeting of the holders of the Series O Preferred Shares and of the Voting Preferred Shares for the election of the two trustees to be elected by them as herein provided, such call to be made by notice similar to that provided in the Bylaws of the Trust for a special meeting of the shareholders or as required by law. If any such special meeting required to be called as above provided shall not be called by the Secretary within 20 days after receipt of such request, then any holder of Series O Preferred Shares may call such meeting, upon the notice above provided, and for that purpose shall have access to the share books of the Trust. The trustees elected at any such special meeting shall hold office until the next annual meeting of the shareholders or special meeting held in lieu thereof if such office shall not have previously terminated as above provided. If any vacancy shall occur among the trustees elected by the holders of the Series O Preferred Shares and the Voting Preferred Shares, a successor shall be elected by the Board of Trustees, upon the nomination of the then-remaining trustee elected by the holders of the Series O Preferred Shares and the Voting Preferred Shares or the successor of such remaining trustee, to serve until the next annual meeting of the shareholders or special meeting held in place thereof if such office shall not have previously terminated as provided above.

8 

So long as any Series O Preferred Shares are outstanding, in addition to any other vote or consent of shareholders required by the Declaration, the affirmative vote of at least 66-2/3% of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of Series O Preferred Shares and the Voting Preferred Shares, at the time outstanding, voting as a single class regardless of series, given in person or by proxy, either in writing without a meeting or by vote at any meeting called for the purpose, shall be necessary for effecting or validating:

(a)            Any amendment, alteration or repeal of any of the provisions of the Declaration or these Articles Supplementary that materially and adversely affects the voting powers, rights or preferences of the holders of the Series O Preferred Shares or the Voting Preferred Shares; provided, however, that (i) the amendment of the provisions of the Declaration so as to authorize or create or to increase the authorized amount of any Junior Shares or any shares of any class or series ranking on a parity with the Series O Preferred Shares or the Voting Preferred Shares shall not be deemed to materially adversely affect the voting powers, rights or preferences of the holders of Series O Preferred Shares and (ii) any filing with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland by the Trust including in connection with a merger, consolidation or otherwise, shall not be deemed to be an amendment, alteration or repeal of any of the provisions of the Declaration or these Articles Supplementary that materially and adversely affects the voting powers, rights or preferences of the holders of the Series O Preferred Shares, provided that: (1) the Trust is the surviving entity and the Series O Preferred Shares remain outstanding with the terms thereof materially unchanged in any respect adverse to the holders thereof; or (2) the resulting, surviving or transferee entity is organized under the laws of any state and substitutes or exchanges the Series O Preferred Shares for other preferred stock or shares having preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption thereof identical to that of the Series O Preferred Shares (except for changes that do not materially and adversely affect the holders of Series O Preferred Shares); and provided further, that if any such amendment, alteration or repeal would materially and adversely affect any voting powers, rights or preferences of the Series O Preferred Shares or one or more but not all series of Voting Preferred Shares at the time outstanding, the affirmative vote of at least 66-2/3% of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of all series similarly affected, at the time outstanding, voting as a single class regardless of series, given in person or by proxy, either in writing without a meeting or by vote at any meeting called for the purpose, shall be required in lieu of the affirmative vote of at least 66-2/3% of the votes entitled to be cast by the holders of the Series O Preferred Shares and the Voting Preferred Shares otherwise entitled to vote in accordance herewith; or

(b)            The authorization or creation of, or the increase in the authorized amount of, any shares of any class or series or any security convertible into shares of any class or series ranking prior to the Series O Preferred Shares in the distribution on any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Trust or in the payment of dividends;

provided, however, that, in the case of each of subparagraphs (a) and (b), no such vote of the holders of Series O Preferred Shares or Voting Preferred Shares, as the case may be, shall be required if, at or prior to the time when such amendment, alteration or repeal is to take effect, or when the issuance of any such prior shares or convertible security is to be made, as the case may be, provision is made for the redemption of all Series O Preferred Shares or Voting Preferred Shares, as the case may be, at the time outstanding in accordance with Section 5 hereof.

For purposes of the foregoing provisions of this Section 10, each Series O Preferred Share shall have one (1) vote per share, except that when any other series of Preferred Stock shall have the right to vote with the Series O Preferred Shares as a single class on any matter, then the Series O Preferred Shares and such other series shall have with respect to such matters one (1) vote per $50.00 of stated liquidation preference.

Section 11. Record Holders. The Trust and the Transfer Agent may deem and treat the record holder of any Series O Preferred Shares as the true and lawful owner thereof for all purposes, and neither the Trust nor the Transfer Agent shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

9 

Section 12. Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer. The Series O Preferred Shares constitute Preferred Stock, and Preferred Stock constitutes Equity Stock of the Trust. Therefore, the Series O Preferred Shares, being Equity Stock, are governed by and issued subject to all the limitations, terms and conditions of the Declaration applicable to Equity Stock generally, including but not limited to the terms and conditions (including exceptions and exemptions) of Article VI of the Declaration applicable to Equity Stock. The foregoing sentence shall not be construed to limit the applicability to the Series O Preferred Shares of any other term or provision of the Declaration.

Second:  The Shares have been classified and designated by the Board of Trustees under the authority contained in the Declaration. These Articles Supplementary have been approved by the Board of Trustees in the manner and by the vote required by law.

Third:      Each of the undersigned acknowledges these Articles Supplementary to be the trust act of the Trust and, as to all matters or facts required to be verified under oath, each of the undersigned acknowledges that to the best of his knowledge, information and belief, these matters and facts are true in all material respects and that this statement is made under the penalties for perjury.

10 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has caused these Articles Supplementary to be executed under seal in its name and on its behalf by its President and Chief Financial Officer and attested to by its Senior Vice President and Secretary on this 21^st day of September, 2021.

VORNADO REALTY TRUST
By:	/s/ Michael J. Franco
	Name:	Michael J. Franco
	Title:	President and Chief Financial Officer

[Seal]

ATTEST:
/s/ Steven Borenstein
Name:	Steven Borenstein
Title:	Senior Vice President and Secretary

[Signature Page to Articles Supplementary]

EX-3.2

Exhibit 3.2

FIFTY-FIRST AMENDMENT

TO

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED

AGREEMENT OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

OF

VORNADO REALTY L.P.

Dated as of September 22, 2021

THIS FIFTY-FIRST AMENDMENT TO THE SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP OF VORNADO REALTY L.P. (this “Amendment”), dated as of September 22, 2021, is hereby adopted by Vornado Realty Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust (defined in the Agreement, hereinafter defined, as the “General Partner”), as the general partner of Vornado Realty L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (the “Partnership”).  For ease of reference, capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined have the meanings assigned to them in the Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P. dated as of October 20, 1997, as amended by the Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of December 16, 1997, and further amended by the Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of April 1, 1998, the Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of November 12, 1998, the Fourth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of November 30, 1998, the Fifth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of March 3, 1999, the Sixth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of March 17, 1999, the Seventh Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of May 20, 1999, the Eighth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of May 27, 1999, the Ninth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of September 3, 1999, the Tenth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of September 3, 1999, the Eleventh Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of November 24, 1999, the Twelfth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of May 1, 2000, the Thirteenth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of May 25, 2000, the Fourteenth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of December 8, 2000, the Fifteenth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of December 15, 2000, the Sixteenth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of July 25, 2001, the Seventeenth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of September 21, 2001, the Eighteenth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of January 1, 2002, the Nineteenth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of July 1, 2002, the Twentieth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of April 9, 2003, the Twenty-First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of July 31, 2003, the Twenty-Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of November 17, 2003, the Twenty-Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of May 27, 2004, the Twenty-Fourth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of August 17, 2004, the Twenty-Fifth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of November 17, 2004, the Twenty-Sixth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of December 17, 2004, the Twenty-Seventh Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of December 20, 2004, the Twenty-Eighth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of December 30, 2004, the Twenty-Ninth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of June 17, 2005, the Thirtieth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of August 31, 2005, the Thirty-First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of September 9, 2005, the Thirty-Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of December 19, 2005, the Thirty-Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of April 25, 2006, the Thirty-Fourth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of May 2, 2006, the Thirty-Fifth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of August 17, 2006, the Thirty-Sixth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of October 2, 2006, the Thirty-Seventh Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of June 28, 2007, the Thirty-Eighth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of June 28, 2007, the Thirty-Ninth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of June 28, 2007, the Fortieth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of June 28, 2007, the Forty-First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of March 31, 2008, the Forty-Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of December 17,2010, the Forty-Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of April 20, 2011, the Forty-Fourth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of March 30, 2012, the Forty-Fourth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of July 18, 2012, the Forty-Fifth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of January 25, 2013, the Forty-Sixth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of April 1, 2015, the Forty-Seventh Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of December 13, 2017, the Forty-Eighth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of January 12, 2018, the Forty-Ninth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of August 7, 2019 and the Fiftieth Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Vornado Realty L.P., dated as of November 24, 2020 (as so amended, the “Agreement”).

WHEREAS, the General Partner desires to establish and set forth the terms of a new series of Partnership Interests designated as 4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Units (the “Series O Preferred Units”);

WHEREAS, Section 4.2.A of the Agreement grants the General Partner authority to cause the Partnership to issue interests in the Partnership to a person other than the General Partner in one or more classes or series, with such designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, powers and duties as may be determined by the General Partner in its sole and absolute discretion so long as the issuance does not violate Section 4.2.E of the Agreement;

WHEREAS, the General Partner has determined that the establishment and issuance of the Series O Preferred Units will not violate Section 4.2.E of the Agreement;

WHEREAS, the General Partner has determined that it is in the best interest of the Partnership to amend the Agreement to establish and set forth the terms of the Series O Preferred Units;

WHEREAS, Section 14.1.B of the Agreement grants the General Partner power and authority to amend the Agreement without the consent of any of the Partnership’s limited partners if the amendment does not adversely affect or eliminate any right granted to a limited partner pursuant to any of the provisions of the Agreement specified in Section 14.1.C or Section 14.1.D of the Agreement as requiring a particular minimum vote; and

WHEREAS, the General Partner has determined that the amendment effected hereby does not adversely affect or eliminate any of the limited partner rights specified in Section 14.1.C or Section 14.1.D of the Agreement;

-2- 

NOW, THEREFORE, the General Partner hereby amends the Agreement as follows:

1. The exhibit attached to this Amendment as Attachment 1 is hereby incorporated by reference into the Agreement as Exhibit AV thereof and made a part thereof.

2.  Section 4.2 of the Agreement is hereby supplemented by adding the following paragraph to the end thereof:

“AV.  Issuance of Series O Preferred Units.  The Partnership is authorized to issue Partnership Units of a new series, which Partnership Units are hereby designated as “Series O Preferred Units.”  Series O Preferred Units shall have the terms set forth in Exhibit AV attached hereto and made part hereof.”

3. In making distributions pursuant to Section 5.1.B of the Agreement, the General Partner of the Partnership shall take into account the provisions of Paragraph 2 of Exhibit AV to the Agreement, including, but not limited to, Paragraph 2.G(ii) thereof.

4. Section 8.6 of the Agreement is hereby supplemented by adding the following paragraph to the end thereof:

“AV.  Series O Preferred Unit Exception.  Holders of Series O Preferred Units shall not be entitled to the Redemption Right provided for in Section 8.6.A of this Agreement.”

5. Exhibit A of the Agreement is hereby deleted and is replaced in its entirety by new Exhibit A attached hereto as Attachment 2.

6. Except as expressly amended hereby, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

-3- 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the General Partner has executed this Amendment as of the date first written above.

VORNADO REALTY TRUST
By:	/s/ Michael Franco
	Name:	Michael Franco
	Title:	President and Chief Financial Officer

VORNADO REALTY L.P. By: Vornado Realty Trust, its sole General Partner
By:	/s/ Michael Franco
	Name:	Michael Franco
	Title:	President and Chief Financial Officer

[Signature Page to the Amendment to the Partnership Agreement]

ATTACHMENT 1

EXHIBIT AV

DESIGNATION OF THE PREFERENCES, CONVERSION

AND OTHER RIGHTS, VOTING POWERS, RESTRICTIONS,

LIMITATIONS AS TO DISTRIBUTIONS, QUALIFICATIONS AND TERMS

AND CONDITIONS OF REDEMPTION

OF THE

SERIES O PREFERRED UNITS

1. Definitions.

In addition to those terms defined in the Agreement, the following definitions shall be for all purposes, unless otherwise clearly indicated to the contrary, applied to the terms used in the Agreement and this Exhibit AV:

“Board of Trustees” shall mean the Board of Trustees of the General Partner or any committee authorized by such Board of Trustees to perform any of its responsibilities with respect to the Series O Preferred Shares.

“Unit Business Day” shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or a day on which state or federally chartered banking institutions in New York, New York are not required to be open.

“Common Shares” shall mean the common shares of beneficial interest of the General Partner, par value $.04 per share.

“Declaration” shall mean the Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the General Partner, as amended.

“Distribution Payment Date” shall mean January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1, of each year, commencing on January 1, 2022; provided, however, that if any Distribution Payment Date falls on any day other than a Unit Business Day, the distribution payment due on such Distribution Payment Date shall be paid on the first Unit Business Day immediately following such Distribution Payment Date.

“Distribution Periods” shall mean quarterly distribution periods commencing on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 of each year and ending on and including the day preceding the first day of the next succeeding Distribution Period (other than the initial Distribution Period with respect to each Series O Preferred Unit, which, (i) for Series O Preferred Units issued prior to January 1, 2022, shall commence on the date of original issue by the Partnership of any Series O Preferred Units and end on and include the day preceding the first day of the next succeeding Distribution Period; and (ii) for Series O Preferred Units issued on or after January 1, 2022, shall commence on the Distribution Payment Date with respect to which distributions were actually paid on Series O Preferred Units that were outstanding immediately preceding the issuance of such Series O Preferred Units and end on and include the day preceding the first day of the next succeeding Distribution Period).

 AV-1

“Dividend Payment Date” shall mean a dividend payment date with respect to the Series O Preferred Shares.

“Dividend Periods” shall mean the quarterly dividend periods with respect to the Series O Preferred Shares.

“Series O Preferred Shares” means the 4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest (liquidation preference $25.00 per share), no par value, issued by the General Partner.

“Series O Preferred Unit” means a Partnership Unit issued by the Partnership to the General Partner in consideration of the contribution by the General Partner to the Partnership of the entire net proceeds received by the General Partner from the issuance of the Series O Preferred Shares.  The Series O Preferred Units are Preference Units.  The Series O Preferred Units shall have the preferences, conversion and other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption as are set forth in this Exhibit AV.  It is the intention of the General Partner, in establishing the Series O Preferred Units that each Series O Preferred Unit shall be substantially the economic equivalent of a Series O Preferred Share.

“set apart for payment” shall be deemed to include, without any action other than the following, the recording by the Partnership or the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership in its accounting ledgers of any accounting or bookkeeping entry which indicates, pursuant to a declaration of a distribution by the General Partner, the allocation of funds to be so paid on any series or class of Partnership Units; provided, however, that if any funds for any class or series of Junior Units (as defined below) or any Parity Units (as defined below) are placed in a separate account of the Partnership or delivered to a disbursing, paying or other similar agent, then “set apart for payment” with respect to the Series O Preferred Units shall mean placing such funds in a separate account or delivering such funds to a disbursing, paying or other similar agent, respectively.

2. Terms of the Series O Preferred Units.

A.            Number.  As of the close of business on the date of the amendment pursuant to which this Exhibit was adopted, the total number of Series O Preferred Units issued and outstanding will be 12,000,000.  The General Partner may issue additional Series O Preferred Units from time to time in accordance with the terms of the Agreement, and in connection with any such additional issuance the General Partner shall revise Exhibit A to the Agreement to reflect the total number of Series O Preferred Units then issued and outstanding.

B.            Distributions. (i)  The General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of the then outstanding Series O Preferred Units, shall be entitled to receive, when, as and if declared by the General Partner, distributions payable in cash at the rate per annum of $1.1125 per Series O Preferred Unit (the “Annual Distribution Rate”).  Such distributions with respect to each Series O Preferred Unit issued prior to January 1, 2022 shall be cumulative from the date of original issue by the Partnership of any Series O Preferred Units and with respect to Series O Preferred Units issued on or after January 1, 2022 shall be cumulative from the Distribution Payment Date with respect to dividends that were actually paid on Series O Preferred Units that were outstanding immediately preceding the issuance of such Series O Preferred Units, and shall be payable quarterly, when, as and if authorized and declared by the General Partner, in arrears on each Distribution Payment Date commencing with respect to each Series O Preferred Unit on the first Distribution Payment Date following the issuance of such Series O Preferred Unit; provided that the amount per Series O Preferred Unit to be paid in respect of the initial Distribution Period shall be determined in accordance with paragraph (ii) below.  Accrued and unpaid distributions for any past Distribution Periods may be declared and paid at any time, without reference to any regular Distribution Payment Date.

 AV-2

(ii)  The amount of distribution per Series O Preferred Unit accruing in each full Distribution Period shall be computed by dividing the Annual Distribution Rate by four.  The amount of distributions payable for the initial Distribution Period, or any other period shorter or longer than a full Distribution Period, on the Series O Preferred Units shall be computed on the basis of twelve 30-day months and a 360-day year.  The General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of the then outstanding Series O Preferred Units, shall not be entitled to any distributions, whether payable in cash, property or securities, in excess of cumulative distributions, as herein provided, on the Series O Preferred Units.  No interest, or sum of money in lieu of interest, shall be payable in respect of any distribution payment or payments on the Series O Preferred Units that may be in arrears.

(iii)  So long as any Series O Preferred Units are outstanding, no distributions, except as described in the immediately following sentence, shall be declared or paid or set apart for payment on any series or class or classes of Parity Units for any period unless full cumulative distributions have been or contemporaneously are declared and paid or declared and a sum sufficient for the payment thereof set apart for such payment on the Series O Preferred Units for all Distribution Periods terminating on or prior to the distribution payment date on such class or series of Parity Units, except in the case of distributions on the Series B-2 Restricted Preferred Units to the extent not paid due to a lack of funds in the Nongovernmental Account.  When distributions are not paid in full or a sum sufficient for such payment is not set apart, as aforesaid, all distributions declared upon Series O Preferred Units and all distributions declared upon any other series or class or classes of Parity Units shall be declared ratably in proportion to the respective amounts of distributions accumulated and unpaid on the Series O Preferred Units and such Parity Units, except in the case of distributions on the Series B-2 Restricted Preferred Units to the extent not paid due to a lack of funds in the Nongovernmental Account.

(iv)  So long as any Series O Preferred Units are outstanding, no distributions (other than distributions paid solely in Junior Units or options, warrants or rights to subscribe for or purchase Junior Units) shall be declared or paid or set apart for payment or other distribution declared or made upon Junior Units, nor shall any Junior Units be redeemed, purchased or otherwise acquired (other than a redemption, purchase or other acquisition of Junior Units made in respect of a redemption, purchase or other acquisition of Common Shares made for purposes of and in compliance with requirements of an employee incentive or benefit plan of the General Partner or any subsidiary or in respect of a transaction permitted under Article VI of the Declaration), for any consideration (or any moneys to be paid to or made available for a sinking fund for the redemption of any such Junior Units) by the General Partner, directly or indirectly (except by conversion into or exchange for Junior Units), unless in each case (a) the full cumulative distributions on all outstanding Series O Preferred Units and any other Parity Units of the Partnership shall have been paid or set apart for payment for all past Distribution Periods with respect to the Series O Preferred Units and all past distribution periods with respect to such Parity Units, except to the extent that distributions on the Series B-2 Restricted Preferred Units are not then able to be paid owing to a lack of funds in the Nongovernmental Account, and (b) sufficient funds shall have been paid or set apart for the payment of the distribution for the current Distribution Period with respect to the Series O Preferred Units and any Parity Units, except to the extent that distributions on the Series B-2 Restricted Preferred Units are not then able to be paid owing to a lack of funds in the Nongovernmental Account.

 AV-3

C.            Liquidation Preference.  (i)  In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Partnership or the General Partner, whether voluntary or involuntary, before any payment or distribution of the assets of the Partnership shall be made to or set apart for the holders of Junior Units, the General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of the Series O Preferred Units, shall be entitled to receive Twenty-Five Dollars ($25.00) per Series O Preferred Unit (the “Liquidation Preference”) plus an amount equal to all distributions (whether or not earned or declared) accrued and unpaid thereon as of the date of final distribution to the General Partner, in its capacity as such holder; but the General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of Series O Preferred Units, shall not be entitled to any further payment.  If, upon any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Partnership or the General Partner, the assets of the Partnership, or proceeds thereof, distributable to the General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of Series O Preferred Units, shall be insufficient to pay in full the preferential amount aforesaid and liquidating payments on any other Parity Units, then such assets, or the proceeds thereof, shall be distributed to the General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of such Series O Preferred Units, and the holders of any such other Parity Units ratably in accordance with the respective amounts that would be payable on such Series O Preferred Units and any such other Parity Units if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full.  For the purposes of this Section C, (i) a consolidation or merger of the Partnership or the General Partner with one or more entities, (ii) a statutory share exchange by the Partnership or the General Partner and (iii) a sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the Partnership’s or the General Partner’s assets, shall not be deemed to be a liquidation or voluntary or involuntary dissolution or winding up of the Partnership or General Partner.

(ii)  Subject to the rights of the holders of Partnership Units of any series or class or classes of shares ranking on a parity with or prior to the Series O Preferred Units upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the General Partner or the Partnership, after payment shall have been made in full to the General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of the Series O Preferred Units, as provided in this Section, any series or class or classes of Junior Units shall, subject to any respective terms and provisions applying thereto, be entitled to receive any and all assets remaining to be paid or distributed, and the General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of the Series O Preferred Units, shall not be entitled to share therein.

D.            Redemption of the Series O Preferred Units.  (i)  Except in connection with the redemption of the Series O Preferred Shares by the General Partner as permitted by the Declaration, the Series O Preferred Units shall not be redeemable prior to September 22, 2026.  On and after September 22, 2026, the General Partner may, at its option, cause the Partnership to redeem the Series O Preferred Units for cash, in whole or in part, as set forth herein, subject to the provisions described below.

(ii)  The Series O Preferred Units may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of the Series O Preferred Units, at any time, provided that the General Partner shall redeem an equivalent number of Series O Preferred Shares.  Such redemption of Series O Preferred Units shall occur substantially concurrently with the redemption by the General Partner of such Series O Preferred Shares (the “Redemption Date”).

(iii)  Upon redemption of Series O Preferred Units by the General Partner on the Redemption Date, each Series O Preferred Unit so redeemed shall be converted into the right to receive Twenty-Five Dollars ($25.00) per Series O Preferred Unit, plus any accrued and unpaid distributions with respect to the Series O Preferred Units as of the Redemption Date (the “Redemption Price”).

Upon any redemption of Series O Preferred Units, the Partnership shall pay any accrued and unpaid distributions to the Redemption Date unless the Redemption Date falls after a Dividend Payment Record Date and prior to the corresponding Dividend Payment Date, in which case, the General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of Series O Preferred Units, shall be entitled to distributions payable on the equivalent number of Series O Preferred Units as the number of the Series O Preferred Shares with respect to which the General Partner shall be required, pursuant to the terms of the Declaration, to pay to the holders of Series O Preferred Shares at the close of business on such Dividend Payment Record Date for the Series O Preferred Shares who, pursuant to the Declaration, are entitled to the dividend payable on such Series O Preferred Shares on the corresponding Dividend Payment Date notwithstanding the redemption of such Series O Preferred Shares before such Dividend Payment Date.  Except as provided above, the Partnership shall make no payment or allowance for unpaid distributions, whether or not in arrears, on Series O Preferred Units called for redemption.

 AV-4

(iv)  If full cumulative distributions on the Series O Preferred Units and any other series or class or classes of Parity Units of the Partnership have not been paid or declared and set apart for payment, except in connection with a purchase, redemption or other acquisition of Series O Preferred Shares or shares of beneficial interest ranking on a parity with such Series O Preferred Shares as permitted under the Declaration and except to the extent that such distributions or amounts distributable on the Series B-2 Restricted Preferred Units may not be payable due to a lack of funds in the Nongovernmental Account the Series O Preferred Units may not be redeemed in part and the Partnership may not purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire Series O Preferred Units or any Parity Units other than in exchange for Junior Units.

As promptly as practicable after the surrender of the certificates for any such Series O Preferred Units so redeemed, such Series O Preferred Units shall be exchanged for the cash (without interest thereon) for which such Series O Preferred Units have been redeemed.  If fewer than all the Series O Preferred Units evidenced by any certificate are redeemed, the Partnership shall issue new certificates evidencing the unredeemed Series O Preferred Units without cost to the holder thereof.

E.            Conversion.  The Series O Preferred Units are not convertible into or redeemable or exchangeable for any other property or securities of the General Partner or the Partnership at the option of any holder of Series O Preferred Units, except as provided in Section D hereof.

F.            Ranking.  (i)  Any class or series of Partnership Units shall be deemed to rank:

(a)  prior to the Series O Preferred Units, as to the payment of distributions and as to distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the General Partner or the Partnership, if the holders of such class or series of Preferred Units shall be entitled to the receipt of distributions or of amounts distributable upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, as the case may be, in preference or priority to the holders of Series O Preferred Units;

(b)  on a parity with the Series O Preferred Units, as to the payment of distributions and as to the distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the General Partner or the Partnership, whether or not the distribution rates, distribution payment dates or redemption or liquidation prices per Partnership Unit be different from those of the Series O Preferred Units, if the holders of such Partnership Units of such class or series and the Series O Preferred Units shall be entitled to the receipt of distributions and of amounts distributable upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up in proportion to their respective amounts of accrued and unpaid distributions per Partnership Unit or liquidation preferences, without preference or priority one over the other, except to the extent that such distributions or amounts distributable on the Series B-2 Restricted Preferred Units may not be payable due to a lack of funds in the Nongovernmental Account (“Parity Units”); and

(c)  junior to the Series O Preferred Units, as to the payment of distributions or as to the distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the General Partner or the Partnership, if such class or series of Partnership Units shall be Class A Units or if the holders of Series O Preferred Units, shall be entitled to receipt of distribution or of amounts distributable upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, as the case may be, in preference or priority to the holders of Partnership Units of such class or series (“Junior Units”).

 AV-5

(ii)  The Series A Preferred Units, Series D-13 Preferred Units, Series D-16 Preferred Units, Series D-17 Preferred Units, Series G-1 Preferred Units, Series G-2 Preferred Units, Series G-3 Preferred Units, Series G-4 Preferred Units, Series K Preferred Units, Series L Preferred Units and the Series M Preferred Units shall be Parity Units with respect to the Series O Preferred Units and the holders of the Series O Preferred Units and holders of the Series A Preferred Units, Series D-13 Preferred Units, Series D-16 Preferred Units, Series D-17 Preferred Units, Series G-1 Preferred Units, Series G-2 Preferred Units, Series G-3 Preferred Units, Series G-4 Preferred Units, Series K Preferred Units, Series L Preferred Units, Series M Preferred Units and Series N Preferred Units shall be entitled to the receipt of distributions and of amounts distributable upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up in proportion to their respective amounts of accumulated and unpaid distributions per Partnership Unit or liquidation preferences, without preference or priority one over the other, except in the case of distributions on the Series B-2 Restricted Preferred Units to the extent not payable due to a lack of funds in the Nongovernmental Account and except that:

(a)            the Series O Preferred Units shall be Preference Units and shall receive distributions on a basis pari passu with other Partnership Units, if any, receiving distributions pursuant to Section 5.1.B(i) of the Agreement, except to the extent that distributions on the Series B-2 Restricted Preferred Units may not be paid due to a lack of funds in the Nongovernmental Account; and

(b)            Distributions made pursuant to Subsections G(ii)(a) of this Exhibit AV shall be made pro rata with other distributions made to other Partnership Units as to which they rank pari passu based on the ratio of the amounts to be paid the Series O Preferred Units and such other Partnership Units, as applicable, to the total amounts to be paid in respect of the Series O Preferred Units and such other Partnership Units taken together on the Partnership Record Date, except in the case of distributions on the Series B-2 Restricted Preferred Units to the extent such distributions may not be paid due to a lack of funds in the Nongovernmental Account.

G.            Voting.  (i)  Except as required by law, the General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of the Series O Preferred Units, shall not be entitled to vote at any meeting of the Partners or for any other purpose or otherwise to participate in any action taken by the Partnership or the Partners, or to receive notice of any meeting of the Partners.

(ii)  So long as any Series O Preferred Units are outstanding, the General Partner shall not authorize the creation of or cause the Partnership to issue Partnership Units of any new class or series or any interest in the Partnership convertible into, exchangeable for or redeemable into Partnership Units of any new class or series ranking prior to the Series O Preferred Units in the distribution of assets on any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the General Partner or the Partnership or in the payment of distributions unless such Partnership Units are issued to the General Partner and the distribution and redemption (but not voting) rights of such Partnership Units are substantially similar to the terms of securities issued by the General Partner and the proceeds or other consideration from the issuance of such securities have been or are concurrently with such issuance contributed to the Partnership.

H.            Restrictions on Ownership and Transfer.  The Series O Preferred Units shall be owned and held solely by the General Partner.

I.            General.  (i)  The rights of the General Partner, in its capacity as the holder of the Series O Preferred Units, are in addition to and not in limitation on any other rights or authority of the General Partner, in any other capacity, under the Agreement.  In addition, nothing contained in this Exhibit AV shall be deemed to limit or otherwise restrict any rights or authority of the General Partner under the Agreement, other than in its capacity as the holder of the Series O Preferred Units.

 AV-6

(ii)  Anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding, the General Partner shall take all steps that it determines are necessary or appropriate (including modifying the foregoing terms of the Series O Preferred Units) to ensure that the Series O Preferred Units (including, without limitation the redemption and conversion terms thereof) permit the General Partner to satisfy its obligations (including, without limitation, its obligations to make dividend payments on the Series O Preferred Shares) with respect to the Series O Preferred Shares, it being the intention that the terms of the Series O Preferred Units shall be substantially similar to the terms of the Series O Preferred Shares.

 AV-7

EX-5.1

Exhibit 5.1

LETTERHEAD OF VENABLE LLP

September 22, 2021

Vornado Realty Trust
888 Seventh Avenue
New York, New York 10019

Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-254965)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have served as Maryland counsel to Vornado Realty Trust, a Maryland real estate investment trust (the “Company”), in connection with certain matters of Maryland law relating to the offering by the Company of 12,000,000 shares (the “Shares”) of 4.45% Series O Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares of beneficial interest, liquidation preference $25.00 per share, no par value per share, of the Company covered by the above-referenced Registration Statement, and all amendments thereto (the “Registration Statement”), filed by the Company with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”). The Shares are to be issued in an underwritten public offering pursuant to a Prospectus Supplement, dated September 13, 2021 (the “Prospectus Supplement”).

In connection with our representation of the Company, and as a basis for the opinion hereinafter set forth, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of the following documents (collectively, the “Documents”):

1.            The Registration Statement and the related form of prospectus included therein in the form in which it was transmitted to the Commission under the 1933 Act;

2.            The Prospectus Supplement, filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act;

3.            The Declaration of Trust, as amended and supplemented, of the Company (the “Declaration of Trust”), certified by the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (the “SDAT”);

4.            The Bylaws of the Company, certified as of the date hereof by an officer of the Company;

5.            Resolutions adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Company, and a duly authorized committee thereof, relating to, among other matters, the classification, sale, issuance and registration of the Shares (the “Resolutions”), certified as of the date hereof by an officer of the Company;

6.            A certificate of the SDAT as to the good standing of the Company, dated as of a recent date;

Vornado Realty Trust 

September 22, 2021

Page 2

7.            A certificate executed by an officer of the Company, dated as of the date hereof; and

8.            Such other documents and matters as we have deemed necessary or appropriate to express the opinion set forth below, subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein.

In expressing the opinion set forth below, we have assumed the following:

1.            Each individual executing any of the Documents, whether on behalf of such individual or another person, is legally competent to do so.

2.            Each individual executing any of the Documents on behalf of a party (other than the Company) is duly authorized to do so.

3.            Each of the parties (other than the Company) executing any of the Documents has duly and validly executed and delivered each of the Documents to which such party is a signatory, and such party’s obligations set forth therein are legal, valid and binding and are enforceable in accordance with all stated terms.

4.            All Documents submitted to us as originals are authentic. The form and content of all Documents submitted to us as unexecuted drafts do not differ in any respect relevant to this opinion from the form and content of such Documents as executed and delivered. All Documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies conform to the original documents. All signatures on all such Documents are genuine. All public records reviewed or relied upon by us or on our behalf are true and complete. All representations, warranties, statements and information contained in the Documents are true and complete. There has been no oral or written modification of or amendment to any of the Documents, and there has been no waiver of any provision of any of the Documents, by action or omission of the parties or otherwise.

5.            The Shares will not be issued or transferred in violation of any restriction or limitation contained in Article VI of the Declaration of Trust.

Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein, it is our opinion that:

1.            The Company is a real estate investment trust duly formed and existing under and by virtue of the laws of the State of Maryland and is in good standing with the SDAT.

2.            The issuance of the Shares has been duly authorized and, when and if delivered against payment therefor in accordance with the Registration Statement and the Resolutions, the Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

Vornado Realty Trust 

September 22, 2021 

Page 3

The foregoing opinion is limited to the laws of the State of Maryland and we do not express any opinion herein concerning federal law or any other state law. We express no opinion as to the applicability or effect of federal or state securities laws, including the securities laws of the State of Maryland, or as to federal or state laws regarding fraudulent transfers. To the extent that any matter as to which our opinion is expressed herein would be governed by the laws of any jurisdiction other than the State of Maryland, we do not express any opinion on such matter. The opinion expressed herein is subject to the effect of any judicial decision which may permit the introduction of parol evidence to modify the terms or the interpretation of agreements.

The opinion expressed herein is limited to the matters specifically set forth herein and no other opinion shall be inferred beyond the matters expressly stated. We assume no obligation to supplement this opinion if any applicable law changes after the date hereof or if we become aware of any fact that might change the opinion expressed herein after the date hereof.

This opinion is being furnished to you for submission to the Commission as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K relating to the issuance of the Shares (the “Current Report”), which is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement. We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Current Report and the said incorporation by reference and to the use of the name of our firm therein. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required by Section 7 of the 1933 Act.

Very truly yours,

/s/ Venable LLP

XML

Cover	Sep. 21, 2021
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	8-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Sep. 21, 2021
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity File Number	001-11954
Entity Registrant Name	VORNADO REALTY TRUST
Entity Central Index Key	0000899689
Entity Tax Identification Number	22-1657560
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	MD
Entity Address, Address Line One	888 Seventh Avenue
Entity Address, City or Town	New York
Entity Address, State or Province	NY
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	10019
City Area Code	212
Local Phone Number	894-7000
Written Communications	false
Soliciting Material	false
Pre-commencement Tender Offer	false
Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Common Stock [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Shares of beneficial interest, $.04 par value per share
Trading Symbol	VNO
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Series K 5. 70 Percent [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	5.70% Series K
Trading Symbol	VNO/PK
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Series L 5. 40 Percent [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	5.40% Series L
Trading Symbol	VNO/PL
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Series M 5. 25 Percent [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	5.25% Series M
Trading Symbol	VNO/PM
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Series N 5. 25 Percent [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	5.25% Series N
Trading Symbol	VNO/PN
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Vornado Realty Lp [Member]
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	8-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Sep. 21, 2021
Entity File Number	001-34482
Entity Registrant Name	VORNADO REALTY L.P.
Entity Central Index Key	0001040765
Entity Tax Identification Number	13-3925979
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Written Communications	false
Soliciting Material	false
Pre-commencement Tender Offer	false
Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false