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Fair Value of Financial Instruments
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value of Financial Instruments

10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The availability of observable inputs can vary among the various types of financial assets and liabilities. To the extent that the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for financial statement disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement is categorized is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the overall fair value measurement. The Company uses the exit price method for estimating the fair value of loans for disclosure purposes. Inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values are classified based on a three-level hierarchy, as follows:

Level 1 — Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

Level 2 — Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.

Level 3 — Significant inputs to the valuation model are unobservable.

The carrying amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements for cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses and other current liabilities (excluding the Milestone Rights liability) approximate their fair value due to their relatively short maturities. The fair value of the Senior convertible notes, MidCap credit facility, Mann Group convertible note, Milestone Rights liability and Financing liability are disclosed below.

Financial LiabilitiesThe following tables set forth the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments (Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy) (in millions):

 

 

March 31, 2024

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

 

Carrying Value

 

 

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)

 

Financial liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Senior convertible notes(1)

 

$

227.2

 

 

$

246.4

 

MidCap credit facility(2)

 

 

28.1

 

 

 

30.2

 

Mann Group convertible note(3)

 

 

8.8

 

 

 

17.1

 

Milestone rights(4)

 

 

3.9

 

 

 

12.8

 

Contingent milestone liability(5)

 

 

0.3

 

 

 

0.3

 

Financing liability(6)

 

 

104.1

 

 

 

106.7

 

Liability for sale of future royalties(7)

 

 

148.0

 

 

 

159.6

 

_________________________

(1)
Fair value was determined by applying a discounted cash flow analysis to the straight note with a hypothetical yield of 11%, volatility of 59.9% and a Monte Carlo simulation for the value of the conversion feature. A change in yield of + or – 2% would result in a fair value of $239.8 million and $253.3 million, respectively.
(2)
Fair value was determined by applying a discounted cash flow analysis with a hypothetical yield of 12%. A change in yield of + or – 2% would result in a fair value of $29.7 million and $30.4 million, respectively.
(3)
The fair value was determined by applying a discounted cash flow analysis with a hypothetical yield of 13% and volatility of 55.6% to the straight note and a binomial option pricing model for the value of the conversion feature. A change in yield of + or – 2% would result in a fair value of $16.9 million and $17.4 million, respectively.
(4)
Fair value was determined by applying a Monte Carlo simulation method for the calculation of the potential payment and the Geometric Brownian Motion forecasting model to estimate the underlying revenue. Market based inputs and other level 3 inputs were used to forecast future revenue. The key inputs used included a risk-free rate of 4.2%, dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 50%, period of 7.75 years and credit risk of 17%.
(5)
Fair value was determined by using the Monte Carlo simulation method for the calculation of the potential payment and the Geometric Brownian Motion forecasting model to estimate the underlying revenue. Market based inputs and other level 3 inputs were used to forecast future revenue. The key inputs used included a risk-free rate of 4.29%, dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 43%, period of 13.75 years and credit risk of 17%.
(6)
Fair value was determined by applying a discounted cash flow analysis with a hypothetical yield of 9.5%. A change in yield of + or – 2% would result in a fair value of $94.0 million and $122.4 million, respectively.
(7)
At March 31, 2024, fair value was determined by applying a discounted cash flow analysis with a hypothetical yield of 11%. A change in yield of + or – 2% would result in a fair value of $139.6 million and $184.4 million, respectively. At December 31, 2023, the carrying value approximated the fair value.

 

 

December 31, 2023

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

 

Carrying Value

 

 

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)

 

Financial liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Senior convertible notes(1)

 

$

226.9

 

 

$

231.3

 

MidCap credit facility(2)

 

 

33.0

 

 

 

35.5

 

Mann Group convertible note(3)

 

 

8.8

 

 

 

14.4

 

Milestone rights(4)

 

 

3.9

 

 

 

11.9

 

Contingent milestone liability(5)

 

 

0.3

 

 

 

0.3

 

Financing liability(6)

 

 

104.1

 

 

 

106.8

 

_________________________

(1)
Fair value was determined by applying a discounted cash flow analysis to the straight note with a hypothetical yield of 11%, volatility of 62.7% and a Monte Carlo simulation for the value of the conversion feature. A change in yield of + or – 2% would result in a fair value of $224.1 million and $238.9 million, respectively.
(2)
Fair value was determined by applying a discounted cash flow analysis with a hypothetical yield of 12%. A change in yield of + or – 2% would result in a fair value of $35.0 million and $36.0 million, respectively.
(3)
Fair value was determined by applying a discounted cash flow analysis with a hypothetical yield of 13% and volatility of 62.7% to the straight note and a binomial option pricing model for the value of the conversion feature. A change in yield of + or – 2% would result in a fair value of $14.2 million and $14.7 million, respectively.
(4)
Fair value was determined by applying a Monte Carlo simulation method for the calculation of the potential payment and the Geometric Brownian Motion forecasting model to estimate the underlying revenue. Market based inputs and other level 3 inputs were used to forecast
future revenue. The key inputs used included a risk-free rate of 3.88%, dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 50%, period of 8 years and credit risk of 17%.
(5)
Fair value was determined by using the Monte Carlo simulation method for the calculation of the potential payment and the Geometric Brownian Motion forecasting model to estimate the underlying revenue. Market-based inputs and other level 3 inputs were used to forecast future revenue. The key inputs used included a risk-free rate of 4.01%, dividend yield of 0%, volatility of 43%, period of 15 years and credit risk of 17%.
(6)
Fair value was determined by applying a discounted cash flow analysis with a hypothetical yield of 9.5%.

Milestone Rights Liability — The fair value measurement of the Milestone Rights liability is sensitive to the discount rate and the timing of achievement of milestones. The Company utilized a Monte-Carlo Simulation Method to simulate the Afrezza net sales under a neutral framework to estimate the potential payments and the Geometric Brownian Motion forecasting model to estimate the underlying revenue. The Company then discounted the future expected payments at cost of debt with a term equal to the simulated time to payout based on cumulative sales. See Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies.

Contingent Milestone Liability — The acquisition of V-Go in May 2022 resulted in a contingent milestone liability which could result in obligations to the seller if certain revenue thresholds are met. The initial fair value of the contingent milestone liability was recorded as an adjustment to the purchase price. Subsequent changes in the fair value are reported in general and administrative expenses.

Financing Liability — The Sale-Leaseback Transaction in November 2021 resulted in a financing liability. See Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies.

Liability for Sale of Future Royalties — The sale of a portion of our royalty rights in December 2023 resulted in a liability for sale of future royalties. See Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies.