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Note 3 - Business Combinations

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Business Combination Disclosure [Text Block]

3.	Business Combinations

Parcus Medical, LLC

On January 24, 2020, Anika Therapeutics, Inc. completed the acquisition of Parcus Medical pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 4, 2020 (the “Parcus Medical Merger Agreement”), by and among the Company, Parcus Medical, and Sunshine Merger Sub LLC, a Wisconsin limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. At the closing date, Parcus Medical became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Parcus Medical is a sports medicine implant and instrumentation solutions provider focused on surgical repair and reconstruction of ligaments and tendons.

The acquisition of Parcus Medical has been accounted for as a business combination under ASC 805. Under ASC 805, assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination must be recorded at their fair value as of the acquisition date. Recorded fair valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the acquisition of Parcus Medical is preliminary and will be completed as soon as practicable, but no later than one year after the consummation of the transaction. Anika’s consolidated financial statements include results of operations for Parcus Medical from the January 24, 2020 acquisition date.

Consideration Transferred

Pursuant to the Parcus Medical Merger Agreement, the Company acquired all outstanding equity of Parcus Medical for estimated total purchase consideration of $75.1 million, which consists of:

Cash consideration	$	32,794
Deferred consideration		1,642
Estimated fair value of contingent consideration		40,700
Estimated total purchase consideration	$	75,136

Contingent consideration represents additional payments that the Company may be required to make in the future, which totals up to $60.0 million depending on the level of net sales generated in 2020 through 2022. The fair value of contingent consideration related to net sales was determined based on a Monte Carlo simulation model in an option pricing framework at the acquisition date, whereby a range of possible scenarios were simulated. Deferred consideration is related to certain purchase price holdbacks which will be resolved within one year of the acquisition date and were recorded in accounts payable as of June 30, 2020. The liability for contingent and deferred consideration is included in current and long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and will be remeasured at each reporting period until the contingency is resolved.

Acquisition related costs are not included as a component of consideration transferred but are expensed in the periods in which the costs are incurred. The Company incurred approximately $1.9 million in transaction costs related to the Parcus Medical acquisition during the three-month period ending March 31, 2020. The transaction costs for the three-month period ending June 30, 2020 were immaterial. The transaction costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

Fair Value of Net Assets Acquired

The preliminary estimate of fair value required the use of significant assumptions and estimates. Critical estimates included, but were not limited to, future expected cash flows, including projected revenues and expenses, and the applicable discount rates. These estimates were based on assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable, however, actual results may differ from these estimates. The assessment of fair value is preliminary and is based on information that was available to management at the time the condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared. Those estimates and assumptions are subject to change as the Company obtains additional information related to those estimates during the applicable measurement periods (up to one year from the acquisition date). The most significant open items necessary to complete are related to intangible assets and tax related matters.

The preliminary allocation of purchase price to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed was based on preliminary estimates of fair value as of January 24, 2020, and is as follows:

Recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	196
Accounts receivable		2,029
Inventories		9,088
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		364
Property and equipment, net		1,099
Right-of-use assets		944
Intangible assets		44,000
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(2,763	)
Other long-term liabilities		(594	)
Lease liabilities		(735	)
Net assets acquired		53,628
Goodwill		21,508
Estimated total purchase consideration	$	75,136

The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and assigned to the newly established reporting unit for Parcus Medical and Arthrosurface. The goodwill is attributable to the workforce of the business and the value of future technologies expected to arise after the acquisition. Goodwill will not be amortized and is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes as the acquisition of the limited liability company is an asset purchase for tax purposes. The acquired intangible assets based on preliminary estimates of fair value as of January 24, 2020 are as follows:

Intangible assets acquired consist of:
Developed technology	$	41,100
Trade name		1,800
Customer relationships		1,100
Total intangible assets	$	44,000

The preliminary fair value of the developed technology intangible assets has been estimated using the multi-period excess earnings method, which is based on the principle that the value of an intangible asset is equal to the present value of the incremental after-tax cash flow attributable to the asset, after charges for other assets employed by the business. The preliminary fair value of the customer relationships has been estimated using the avoided costs/lost profits method, which is based on the principle that the value of an intangible asset is based on consideration of the total costs that would be avoided by having this asset in place. The preliminary fair value of the trade name has been estimated using the relief from royalty method of the income approach, which is based on the principle that the value of an intangible asset is equal to the present value of the after-tax royalty savings attributable to owning the intangible asset. Key estimates and assumptions used in these models are projected revenues and expenses related to the asset, estimated contributory asset charges, estimated costs to recreate the asset, and a risk-adjusted discount rate used to calculate the present value of the future expected cash inflows or cash outflows avoided from the asset.

Revenue and Net Loss

The Company recorded revenue from Parcus Medical of $2.0 million and a net loss of $2.0 million in the three-month period ended June 30, 2020. The Company recorded revenue from Parcus Medical of $4.6 million and a net loss of $2.9 million in the period from January 24 through June 30, 2020.

Arthrosurface, Incorporated

On February 3, 2020, Anika Therapeutics, Inc. completed the acquisition of Arthrosurface Incorporated pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 4, 2020 (the “Arthrosurface Merger Agreement”), by and among the Company, Arthrosurface, and Button Merger Sub, a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. At the closing date, Arthrosurface became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Arthrosurface is a joint preservation technology company specializing in less invasive, bone preserving partial and total joint replacement solutions.

The acquisition of Arthrosurface has been accounted for as a business combination under ASC 805. Under ASC 805, assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination must be recorded at their fair values as of the acquisition date. The final valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the acquisition of Arthrosurface is expected to be completed as soon as practicable, but no later than one year after the consummation of the transaction. Anika’s consolidated financial statements include results of operations for Arthrosurface from the February 3, 2020 acquisition date.

Consideration Transferred

Pursuant to the Arthrosurface Merger Agreement, the Company acquired all outstanding equity of Arthrosurface for estimated total purchase consideration of $90.3 million, which consists of:

Cash consideration	$	61,909
Estimated fair value of contingent consideration		28,376
Estimated total purchase consideration	$	90,285

The Company may be required to make future payments of up to $40.0 million depending on the achievement of regulatory milestones and the level of net sales generated in 2020 through 2021. The fair value of contingent consideration related to regulatory milestones was determined through a scenario-based discounted cash flow analysis using scenario probabilities and regulatory milestone dates. The fair value of contingent consideration related to certain net sales levels from 2020 through 2021 was determined based upon a Monte Carlo simulation approach in an option pricing framework at acquisition date, whereby a range of possible scenarios were simulated. The liability for contingent consideration is included in current and long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and will be remeasured at each reporting period until the contingency is resolved.

Acquisition related costs are not included as a component of consideration transferred but are expensed in the periods in which the costs are incurred. The Company incurred approximately $2.2 million in transaction costs related to the Arthrosurface acquisition during the three-month period ending March 31, 2020. The transaction costs for the three-month period ending June 30, 2020 were immaterial. The transaction costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

Fair Value of Net Assets Acquired

The preliminary estimate of fair value required the use of significant assumptions and estimates. Critical estimates included, but were not limited to, future expected cash flows, including projected revenues and expenses, and the applicable discount rates. These estimates were based on assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable. However, actual results may differ from these estimates. The assessment of fair value is preliminary and is based on information that was available to management at the time the condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared. Those estimates and assumptions are subject to change as the Company obtains additional information related to those estimates during the applicable measurement periods (up to one year from the acquisition date). The most significant open items are related to intangible assets, property, plant and equipment and tax related matters.

The preliminary allocation of purchase price to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed was based on preliminary estimates of fair value as of February 3, 2020, as follows:

Recognized identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,072
Accounts receivable		5,368
Inventories		15,652
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		535
Property, plant and equipment		3,394
Other long-term assets		7,548
Intangible assets		48,900
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities		(3,929	)
Deferred tax liabilities		(11,147	)
Net assets acquired		67,393
Goodwill		22,892
Estimated total purchase consideration	$	90,285

The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill and assigned to the newly established reporting unit for Parcus Medical and Arthrosurface. The goodwill is attributable to the workforce of the business and the value of future technologies expected to arise after the acquisition. Goodwill will not be amortized and is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes as the acquisition of the corporation is a stock purchase for tax purposes.

Intangible assets acquired consist of:
Developed technology	$	37,000
Trade name		3,400
Customer relationships		7,900
IPR&D		600
Total intangible assets	$	48,900

The final fair value determination of the identified intangible assets may differ from this preliminary determination, and such differences could be material. Based on the preliminary valuation, approximately $48.9 million represents the fair value of identifiable intangible assets. Approximately $37.0 million represents the fair value of developed technology that will be amortized over an estimated useful life of 15 years, $7.9 million represents the fair value of customer relationships that will be amortized over an estimated useful life of 10 years, and $3.4 million represents the fair value of trade names that will be amortized over an estimated useful life of 5 years. A total of $0.6 million represents the fair value of in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) with an indefinite useful life that will be evaluated for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired.

Revenue and Net Loss

The Company recorded revenue from Arthrosurface of $4.2 million and a net loss of $2.8 million in the three-month period ended June 30, 2020. The Company recorded revenue from Arthrosurface of $8.4 million and a net loss of $6.8 million in the period from February 3 through June 30, 2020.

Pro-forma Information

The Parcus Medical and Arthrosurface acquisitions were both completed in the first quarter of 2020. Both acquired companies have similar businesses with all of their products in the Orthopedic Joint Preservation and Restoration product family as discussed in Note 11, serving orthopedic surgeons, ambulatory surgical centers and hospitals. We have combined legacy Anika, Parcus Medical and Arthrosurface proforma supplemental information as follows.

The unaudited pro forma information for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was calculated after applying the Company’s accounting policies and the impact of acquisition date fair value adjustments. The pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations of Anika Therapeutics, Inc., Parcus Medical and Arthrosurface as if the acquisitions had occurred on January 1, 2019 after giving effect to certain pro forma adjustments. The pro forma adjustments reflected herein include only those adjustments that are factually supportable and directly attributable to the acquisitions.

These pro forma adjustments include: (i) a net increase in amortization expense to record amortization expense for the aforementioned acquired identifiable intangible assets, (ii) an adjustment to cost of product revenue based on the preliminary fair value inventory adjustment and the anticipated inventory turnover, (iii) a net decrease in interest expense as a result of eliminating interest expense and interest income related to borrowings that were settled in accordance with the respective Merger Agreements, (iv) an adjustment to record the acquisition related transaction costs in the period required, and (v) the tax effect of the pro forma adjustments using the anticipated effective tax rate. The effective tax rate of the combined company could be materially different from the rate presented in this unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information. As a result of the transaction, the combined company may be subject to annual limitations on its ability to utilize pre-acquisition net operating loss carryforwards to offset future taxable income. The amount of the annual limitation is determined based on the value of Anika immediately prior to the ownership change. As further information becomes available, any such adjustment described above could be material to the amounts presented in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements. The pro forma information does not purport to be indicative of the results of operations that actually would have resulted had the combination occurred at the beginning of each period presented, or of future results of the consolidated entities.

The following table presents unaudited supplemental pro forma information:

	For the Three Months ended June 30,					For the Six Months ended June 30,
	2020			2019		2020			2019
Total revenue	$	30,678		$	40,428	$	70,028		$	75,133
Net income (loss)		(7,708	)		5,073		(917	)		2,387