The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Anika Therapeutics, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Anika Securities, Inc. (a Massachusetts Securities Corporation), and Anika Therapeutics S.r.l. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period and intra-period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. There was no impact on operating income.

The functional currency of our foreign subsidiary is the Euro. Assets and liabilities of the foreign subsidiary are translated using the exchange rate existing on each respective balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated using the monthly average exchange rates prevailing throughout the year. The translation adjustments resulting from this process are included as a component of accumulated currency translation adjustment.

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from selling an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required to be recorded at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and consider assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions, and risk of non-performance. The accounting standard establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

Cash equivalents in money market accounts measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis were $34,266,501 and $34,264,268 at December 31, 2013 and 2012 respectively, and were classified as Level 2 and Level 1 instruments, accordingly.

The Company did not have any debt instruments as of December 31, 2013. The carrying value of our debt instrument at December 31, 2012 was $9,600,000. The estimated fair value of our debt instrument at December 31, 2012 approximated book value using market observable inputs and interest rate measurements.

We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. In determining the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts, management specifically analyzes individual accounts receivable, historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness, current economic conditions, accounts receivable aging trends and changes in our customer payment terms. Our allowance for doubtful accounts on trade accounts receivable was $593,023 and $337,459 at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

There were no uncollectible trade accounts receivables written-off in 2013. Uncollectible trade accounts receivable written-off were $135,353 and $2,047 in 2012, and 2011, respectively. Provisions for bad debt expense were $238,071, $138,339, and $306,520 in 2013, 2012, and 2011, respectively, and are included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

We recognize revenue from product sales when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the seller's price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, and collection from the customer is reasonably assured.

Revenues from product sales are recognized when title and risk of loss have passed to the customer, which is typically upon shipment to the customer. Amounts billed or collected prior to recognition of revenue are classified as deferred revenue. When determining whether risk of loss has transferred to customers on product sales, or if the sales price is fixed or determinable, the Company evaluates both the contractual terms and conditions of its distribution and supply agreements as well as its business practices.

Product revenue also includes royalties. Royalty revenue is based on our distributors’ sales and recognized in the same period our distributors record their sale of products manufactured by us. On a quarterly basis we record royalty revenue based upon sales projections provided to us by our distributor customers. If necessary we adjust our estimates based upon final sales data received prior to issuing our quarterly unaudited or annual audited financial statements.

Pursuant to the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, in conjunction with the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, a medical device excise tax (“MDET”) became effective on January 1, 2013 for sales of certain medical devices. Some of our product sales are subject to the provisions of the MDET. The Company has elected to recognize any amounts related to the MDET under the gross method as allowed under ASC 605-45. For the period ending December 31, 2013, amounts included in revenue and cost of goods sold for the MDET were immaterial.

Licensing, milestone, and contract revenue consist of revenue recognized on initial and milestone payments, as well as contractual amounts received from partners. The Company’s business strategy includes entering into collaborative license, development and/or supply agreements with partners for the development and commercialization of the Company’s products.

The terms of the agreements typically include non-refundable license fees, funding of research and development, and payments based upon achievement of certain milestones. The Company adopted ASU 2009-13, Revenue Recognition, in January 2011, which amends ASC Subtopic 605-25, Multiple Element Arrangements (“ASC 605-25”) to require the establishment of a selling price hierarchy for determining the allocable selling price of an item. Under ASC 605-25, as amended by ASU 2009-13, in order to account for an element as a separate unit of accounting, the element must have objective and reliable evidence of selling price of the undelivered elements. In general, non-refundable upfront fees and milestone payments that do not relate to other elements are recognized as revenue over the term of the arrangement as the Company completes its performance obligations.

We consider only those investments which are highly liquid, readily convertible to cash, and that mature within three months from date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Marketable investments are those with original maturities in excess of three months.

At December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, cash equivalents were comprised of money market funds secured by U.S. Treasury obligations, which approximates fair market value. We had no marketable investments at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The Company has no significant off-balance sheet risks related to foreign exchange contracts, option contracts or other foreign hedging arrangements. The Company currently maintains its cash equivalent balance with one major international financial institution.

As of December 31, 2013, Mitek, Medtronic Xomed, Soylu Medikal San ve Dis Tic Ltd., Pharmascience, Inc., and Bausch & Lomb, combined, represented 67% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2012, Mitek, Medtronic Xomed, Soylu Medikal San ve Dis Tic Ltd., Rivex Pharma, and Takeda, combined, represented 78% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance.

The Company’s policy is to write-down inventory when conditions exist that suggests inventory may be in excess of anticipated demand or is obsolete based upon assumptions about future demand for the Company’s products and market conditions. The Company regularly evaluates the ability to realize the value of inventory based on a combination of factors including, but not limited to: historical usage rates, forecasted sales or usage, product end of life dates, and estimated current or future market values. Purchasing requirements and alternative usage avenues are explored within these processes to mitigate inventory exposure.

When recorded, inventory write-downs are intended to reduce the carrying value of inventory to its net realizable value. Inventory of $10,996,785 and $8,283,472 as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, is stated net of aggregate inventory write-downs of $758,106 and $1,161,805, respectively. If actual demand for the Company’s products deteriorates, or market conditions are less favorable than those projected, additional inventory write-downs may be required.

Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. Computer hardware and software are typically amortized over three to five years, and furniture and fixtures over five to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of their useful lives or the remaining terms of the related leases which range from six months to 24 years at December 31, 2013. Property and equipment under capital leases are amortized over the lesser of the lease terms or their estimated useful lives. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense when incurred; additions and improvements are capitalized. When an item is sold or retired, the cost and related accumulated depreciation is relieved, and the resulting gain or loss, if any, is recognized in income.

Goodwill is the amount by which the purchase price of acquired net assets in a business combination exceeded the fair values of net identifiable assets on the date of acquisition. Acquired IPR&D represents the fair value assigned to research and development assets that we acquire that have not been completed at the date of acquisition or are pending regulatory approval in certain jurisdictions. The value assigned to the acquired IPR&D is determined by estimating the costs to develop the acquired technology into commercially viable products, estimating the resulting revenue from the projects, and discounting the net cash flows to present value.

Goodwill and IPR&D are evaluated for impairment annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. Factors we consider important, on an overall company basis, that could trigger an impairment review include significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends, a significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period, or a reduction of our market capitalization relative to net book value.

To conduct impairment tests of goodwill, the fair value of the acquired reporting unit is compared to its carrying value. If the reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, we record an impairment loss to the extent that the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. We estimate the fair value for reporting units using discounted cash flow valuation models which require the use of significant estimates and assumptions including but not limited to; risk free rate of return on an investment, weighted average cost of capital, future revenue, operating margin, working capital and capital expenditure needs. Our annual assessment for impairment of goodwill as of November 30, 2013 indicated that the fair value of our reporting units exceeded the carrying value of the reporting units. Anika S.r.l. is our only acquired reporting unit and currently holds 100% of the goodwill associated with the 2009 acquisition of that company. There can be no assurance that, at the time future impairment tests are completed, a material impairment charge will not be recorded.

To conduct impairment tests of IPR&D, the fair value of the IPR&D project is compared to its carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds its fair value, we record an impairment loss to the extent that the carrying value of the IPR&D project exceeds its fair value. We estimate the fair value for IPR&D projects using discounted cash flow valuation models which require the use of significant estimates and assumptions including but not limited to: estimating the timing of and expected costs to complete the in-process projects, projecting regulatory approvals, estimating future cash flows from product sales resulting from completed projects and in-process projects, and developing appropriate discount rates. Our annual assessment for impairment of IPR&D indicated that the fair value of our IPR&D as of November 30, 2013 exceeded their respective carrying values. There can be no assurance that, at the time future impairment tests are completed, a material impairment charge will not be recorded.

As part of the restructuring plan we adopted during the fourth quarter of 2012, we terminated an IPR&D project related to our tissue engineering operation and included an expense of approximately $1.2 million as a component of the overall restructuring charge for the year ended December 31, 2012. See “Restructuring Charges,” below, and Note 16 for additional disclosure.

Long-lived assets primarily include property and equipment and intangible assets with finite lives (including purchased software and trade names). Purchased software is amortized over 2 to 10 years and trade names are amortized over 10 years. We review long-lived assets for impairment when events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable or that the useful lives of those assets are no longer appropriate. Each impairment test is based on a comparison of the undiscounted cash flows to the recorded value of the asset. If impairment is indicated, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value based on a discounted cash flow analysis.

As part of the restructuring plan we adopted during the fourth quarter of 2012, we disposed of long-lived assets related to our tissue engineering operation and included an expense of approximately $0.3 million as a component of the overall restructuring charge for the year ended December 31, 2012. See “Restructuring Charges,” below, and Note 16 for additional disclosure.

Restructuring charges are primarily comprised of severance costs, activity termination costs and costs of facility closure. Restructuring charges are recorded upon approval of a formal management plan and are included in the operating results of the period in which such plan is approved and the expense becomes estimable. To estimate restructuring charges, management utilizes assumptions such as the number of employees that would be involuntarily terminated and the future costs to operate and eventually terminate the subject activity.

Research and development costs consist primarily of salaries and related expenses for personnel and fees paid to outside consultants and outside service providers, including costs associated with licensing, milestone and contract revenue. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

We measure the compensation cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the underlying award. That cost is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award. See Note 10 for a description of the types of stock-based awards granted, the compensation expense related to such awards, and detail of equity-based awards outstanding. See Note 14 for detail of the tax benefit recognized in the consolidated statement of operations related to stock-based compensation.

Our income tax expense includes U.S. and international income taxes. Certain items of income and expense are not reported in tax returns and financial statements in the same year. The tax effects of these timing differences are reported as deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are recognized for the estimated future tax effects of deductible temporary differences, tax operating losses, and tax credit carry-forwards (including investment tax credits). Changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded in the provision for income taxes. We assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent we believe that it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized, we establish a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets to the appropriate valuation. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or increase or decrease this allowance in a given period, we include the related tax expense or tax benefit within the tax provision in the consolidated statement of operations in that period.

Comprehensive income consists of net income and other comprehensive income (loss), which includes foreign currency translation adjustments. For the purposes of comprehensive income disclosures, we do not record tax provisions or benefits for the net changes in the foreign currency translation adjustment, as we intend to reinvest permanently undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiary. Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is reported as a component of stockholders' equity and, as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, was comprised solely of cumulative translation adjustments.

Operating segments, as defined under U.S. GAAP, are components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer. Based on the criteria established by ASC 280, Segment Reporting, the Company has one reportable operating segment, the results of which are disclosed in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. The provisions of ASU 2013-02 are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2012. The objective of this update is to improve the reporting of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income. The amendments in this update seek to attain that objective by requiring an entity to report the effect of significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the respective line items in net income if the amount being reclassified is required under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles to be reclassified in its entirety to net income. The adoption of this amendment did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-05, Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830): Parent’s Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity. The provisions of ASU 2013-05 are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2013. The objective of the amendments in this update is to resolve the diversity in practice about whether Subtopic 810-10, Consolidation—Overall, or Subtopic 830-30, Foreign Currency Matters—Translation of Financial Statements, applies to the release of the cumulative translation adjustment into net income when a parent either sells a part or all of its investment in a foreign entity or no longer holds a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets that is a nonprofit activity or a business (other than a sale of in substance real estate or conveyance of oil and gas mineral rights) within a foreign entity. The adoption of this amendment will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, Income Taxes (Topic 740) Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists. The provisions of ASU 2013-11 are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2013. The main provisions of ASU 2013-11 require an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, to be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for the following; a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, with certain exceptions. The adoption of this amendment will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.