Item 1.
(e) X An investment adviser in accordance with § 240.13d– 1 ( b ) ( 1 ) ( ii ) ( E ).(f) An employee benefit plan or endowment fund in accordance with § 240.13d– 1 ( b ) ( 1 ) ( ii ) ( F ). (g) A parent holding company or control person in accordance with § 240.13d– 1 ( b ) ( 1 ) ( ii ) ( G ). (h) A savings association as defined in Section 3 ( b ) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act ( 12 U.S. C. 1813 ). (i) A church plan that is excluded from the defininition of an investment company under section 3 ( c ) ( 14 ) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 ( 15 U.S. C. 80a – 3 ). (j) Group, in accordance with § 240.13 – 1 ( b ) ( 1 ) ( ii ) ( J ).
Karpus Management, Inc. By: /s/ Name: Sharon L. Thornton Title: Director of Investment Personnel and Senior Analyst Date: Febuary 14, 2008