Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Total Amounts of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The following is a reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:

In thousands	2019		2018			2017
Beginning uncertain tax benefits	$	6,815	$	1,734		$	1,633
Prior year—increases		295		296			—
Prior year—decreases		—		(762	)		(20	)
Current year—increases		19,633		5,547			121
Ending uncertain tax benefits	$	26,743	$	6,815		$	1,734

Jurisdictions the Company Remains Subject to Tax Examinations

The Company files income tax returns in the United States, Ireland and United Kingdom, or UK. The Company remains subject to tax examinations in the following jurisdictions as of December 31, 2019:

Jurisdiction	Tax Years
United States—Federal	2016-2019
United States—State	2012-2019
Ireland	2015-2019
United Kingdom	2018-2019

Components of Loss from Operations Before Taxes

The components of loss from operations before taxes were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:

In thousands	2019			2018			2017
United States	$	10,269		$	(13,583	)	$	(2,075	)
Ireland and United Kingdom		(32,750	)		(102,766	)		(52,743	)
	$	(22,481	)	$	(116,349	)	$	(54,818	)

Benefit from Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes shown in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations consists of the following for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017:

In thousands	2019			2018			2017
Current:
United States—Federal	$	—		$	4		$	1,769
United States—State		164			92			196
Total current	$	164		$	96		$	1,965
Deferred:
United States—Federal		1,777			(1,968	)		5,760
United States—State		(914	)		(1,325	)		(487	)
Ireland and United Kingdom		1,278			(5,435	)		(16,306	)
Change in valuation allowance		(2,141	)		8,728			22,115
Total deferred	$	—		$	—		$	11,082
Provision for income taxes	$	164		$	96		$	13,047

Difference between Benefit from Income Taxes and Amount Computed by Applying Statutory Income Tax Rate to Income Before Taxes

The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the statutory income tax rate to income before taxes due to the following for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017:

In thousands	2019			2018			2017
Benefits from taxes at statutory rate	$	(5,620	)	$	(29,087	)	$	(13,698	)
Rate differential		3,009			9,796			3,071
Change in valuation reserves		(2,141	)		8,728			22,115
Derivative liabilities		—			337			—
Nondeductible employee compensation		5,472			3,058			1,668
Stock option/RSU windfall		(14,342	)		(7,684	)		(1,182	)
ISO Disqualifying Disposition Windfall		(2,849	)		—			—
Research and development credits		(1,607	)		(1,438	)		(1,177	)
Tax return to provision adjustments		(3,222	)		6,736			5,788
U.S. rate change—tax reform		—			—			7,398
Cumulative translation adjustment		2,025			5,711			(12,554	)
Permanent and other		(443	)		(404	)		1,635
Non-deductible interest expense		—			267			(17	)
Tax reserves		18,799			4,956			—
Corscianto Liquidation		1,727			—			—
Long-term debt from royalty-bearing instrument		(644	)		(880	)		—
Provision for income taxes	$	164		$	96		$	13,047

Income Tax Effect of Each Type of Temporary Difference Comprising Net Deferred Tax Asset

The income tax effect of each type of temporary difference comprising the net deferred tax asset as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows:

In thousands	December 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating losses	$	118,220		$	119,355
Stock-based compensation		7,111			8,113
Tax credits		9,149			7,816
Lease Liability		2,715			—
Other reserves and accrued liabilities		5,580			6,344
Gross deferred tax assets		142,775			141,628
Less: valuation allowance		(137,976	)		(140,117	)
Total deferred tax assets		4,799			1,511
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation and amortization		(2,544	)		(1,011	)
Lease Asset		(2,242	)		—
Other liabilities		(13	)		(500	)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(4,799	)		(1,511	)
Net deferred tax assets	$	—		$	—

Valuation Allowance

The following table reflects the activity in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018:

In thousands	2019			2018
Beginning valuation allowance	$	140,117		$	131,389
Increase as reflected in income tax expense		(114	)		13,609
Cumulative translation adjustment		(2,027	)		(4,881	)
Ending valuation allowance	$	137,976		$	140,117