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Stockholders' Equity - Stock option activity and related share-based compensation expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2023
Jul. 31, 2022
Jul. 31, 2021
Summary of stock option activity, number of shares      
Number of shares, beginning balance (in shares) 2,292 2,204 2,681
Granted (in shares) 413 400 323
Exercised (in shares) (551) (242) (718)
Canceled or expired (in shares) (24) (70) (82)
Number of shares, ending balance (in shares) 2,130 2,292 2,204
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share      
Weighted-average exercise price per share, Beginning Balance (in dollars per share) $ 289.62 $ 251.48 $ 185.83
Granted (in dollars per share) 489.85 448.59 525.51
Exercised (in dollars per share) 163.64 164.94 128.39
Canceled or expired (in dollars per share) 368.72 426.22 264.53
Weighted-average exercise price per share, Ending Balance (in dollars per share) $ 360.17 $ 289.62 $ 251.48
Stock Options Outstanding      
Number of shares (in thousands), options outstanding (in shares) 2,130 2,292 2,204
Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years), options outstanding 4 years 3 months 3 days    
Weighted-average exercise price per share, options outstanding (in dollars per share) $ 360.17 $ 289.62 $ 251.48
Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions), options outstanding $ 327    
Number of shares (in thousands), options exercisable (in shares) 1,205    
Weighted-average remaining contractual life (in years) options exercisable 2 years 10 months 2 days    
Weighted-average exercise price per share, options exercisable (in dollars per share) $ 278.28    
Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions), options exercisable $ 283    
Additional information on stock options and ESPP shares      
Weighted-average fair value of options granted (in dollars per share) $ 144.92 $ 136.76 $ 122.16
Total grant date fair value of options vested $ 33 $ 25 $ 17
Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised 150 78 179
Total tax benefit for stock option and ESPP share-based compensation 373 396 269
Cash received from option exercises 90 40 92
Cash tax benefits realized related to tax deductions for non-qualified option exercises and disqualifying dispositions under all share-based payment arrangements 31 37 48
Stock Options and ESPP      
Additional information on stock options and ESPP shares      
Share-based compensation expense for stock options and ESPP 76 60 45
Total tax benefit for stock option and ESPP share-based compensation $ 34 $ 21 $ 44