The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of AptarGroup, Inc. and our subsidiaries. The terms “AptarGroup”, “Aptar”, “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our” as used herein refer to AptarGroup, Inc. and our subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

In late 2017, Aptar began a business transformation plan to drive profitable sales growth, increase operational excellence, enhance our approach to innovation and improve organizational effectiveness (see Note 21 – Restructuring Initiatives for further details). The primary focus of the plan is the Beauty + Home segment; however, certain global general and administrative functions have also been addressed. During 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized approximately $26.5 million, $20.5 million and $63.8 million, respectively, of restructuring costs related to this plan.

Beginning July 1, 2018, we have applied highly inflationary accounting for our Argentinian subsidiary pursuant to U.S. GAAP. We have changed the functional currency from the Argentinian peso to the U.S. dollar. We remeasure our peso denominated assets and liabilities using the official rate. In September 2019, the President of Argentina reinstituted exchange controls restricting foreign currency purchases in an attempt to stabilize Argentina’s financial markets. As a result of these currency controls, a legal mechanism known as the Blue Chip Swap emerged in Argentina for reporting entities to transfer U.S. dollars. The Blue Chip Swap rate has diverged significantly from Argentina’s “official rate” due to the economic environment. During the second quarter of 2020, we transferred U.S. dollars into Argentina through the Blue Chip Swap method and we recognized a gain of $1.0 million. This gain helped to offset foreign currency losses due to our Argentinian peso exposure and devaluation against the U.S. dollar. Our Argentinian operations contributed approximately less than 2.0% of consolidated net assets and revenues at and for the year ended December 31, 2020.

There are many uncertainties regarding the current COVID-19 pandemic, including the availability, adoption, and effectiveness of a vaccine, the length of time it takes for normal economic and operating conditions to resume, additional governmental actions that may be taken and/or extensions of time for restrictions that have been imposed to date, and numerous other uncertainties. The pandemic has impacted certain markets within our business, our operations and our financial results during the year ended December 31, 2020 including an overall reduction to net sales within those markets. No impairments were recorded as of December 31, 2020 related to the COVID-19 pandemic. While the disruption is currently expected to be temporary, there is uncertainty around the duration. Due to significant uncertainty surrounding the situation, future results could change and therefore our results could be materially impacted.

The financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). This process requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

We account for our 20% to 50% owned investments using the equity method. Equity investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method are measured at fair value. Any related changes in fair value is recognized in net income unless the investments qualify for a practicality exception. In May 2018, we invested $10.0 million in preferred equity stock of Reciprocal Labs Corporation, doing business as Propeller Health. During 2018, we increased the value of this investment by approximately $6.5 million due to fair value inputs. This investment was ultimately sold during January 2019 for an amount of $16.5 million. During August 2019, we also invested an aggregate amount of $3.5 million in two preferred equity investments, Loop and PureCycle, that are accounted for at cost less impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. During 2020, we invested an additional $1.4 million in these two equity investments and also received $333 thousand of equity in PureCycle in exchange for our resource dedication for technological partnership and support. In November 2020, we increased the value of the PureCycle investment by $3.1 million based on observable price changes and recorded the gain in miscellaneous income in the Consolidated Statements of Income. During the fourth quarter of 2020, we recognized an other than temporary impairment of $3.0 million on our underlying assets in our Kali Care investment as a result of a reassessment of the future value of the business and continued reduction in operating cash flows. There were no dividends received from affiliated companies in 2020, 2019 and 2018.

Long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and finite-lived intangibles, are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized when estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset plus net proceeds expected from disposition of the asset (if any) are less than the carrying value of the asset.

The Company has historically evaluated the excess of purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired (“goodwill”) for impairment annually as of December 31 or more frequently if impairment indicators arose in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 350, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other.” In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company changed the date of its annual assessment of goodwill to October 1 for all reporting units. The change in testing date for goodwill is a change in accounting principle, which management believes is preferable as the new date of the assessment better aligns with the Company’s budgeting process and will create a more efficient and timely process surrounding the impairment tests. The change in the assessment date does not delay, accelerate or avoid a potential impairment charge. The Company has determined that it is impracticable to objectively determine projected cash flows and related valuation estimates that would have been used as of each October 1 of prior reporting periods without the use of hindsight. As such, the Company prospectively applied the change in annual goodwill impairment testing date from October 1, 2019.

We believe that the accounting estimates related to determining the fair value of our reporting units is a critical accounting estimate because: (1) it is highly susceptible to change from period to period because it requires management to make assumptions about the future cash flows for each reporting unit over several years, and (2) the impact that recognizing an impairment would have on the assets reported on our balance sheet as well as our results of operations could be material. Management’s determination of the fair value of our reporting units, based on future cash flows for the reporting units, requires significant judgment and the use of estimates and assumptions related to projected revenue growth rates, the terminal growth factor, as well as the discount rate. Actual cash flows in the future may differ significantly from those forecasted today. The estimates and assumptions for future cash flows and its impact on the impairment testing of goodwill is a critical accounting estimate.

Management believes goodwill in purchase transactions has continuing value. Goodwill is not amortized and must be tested annually, or more frequently as circumstances dictate, for impairment. The annual goodwill impairment test may first consider qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (i.e., greater than 50 percent chance) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its book value. This is sometimes referred to as the “step zero” approach and is an optional step in the annual goodwill impairment analysis. Management has performed this qualitative assessment as of October 1, 2019 and December 31, 2018 for each of our reporting units. Based on our review of macroeconomic, industry, and market events and circumstances as well as the overall financial performance of the reporting units, we determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of these reporting units was greater than their carrying amounts.

Due to the passage of time since the last quantitative assessment, management determined it appropriate to calculate the fair value of the reporting units and compare with their associated carrying amounts (the "step one" approach) as of October 1, 2020. Based on this quantitative analysis, we determined the fair value of our reporting units are not less than their carrying value and therefore no impairment of goodwill is required.

We compute taxes on income in accordance with the tax rules and regulations of the many taxing authorities where the income is earned. The income tax rates imposed by these taxing authorities may vary substantially. Taxable income may differ from pre-tax income for financial accounting purposes. To the extent that these differences create timing differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount in the financial statements, an appropriate provision for deferred income taxes is made.

With the exception of pre-2020 earnings in Italy, Switzerland, and Colombia, we maintain our assertion that the cash and distributable reserves at our non-U.S. affiliates are indefinitely reinvested. Under current U.S. tax laws, all of our non-U.S. earnings are subject to U.S. taxation. We will provide for the necessary withholding and local income taxes when management decides that an affiliate should make a distribution. These decisions are made taking into consideration the financial requirements of the non-U.S. affiliates and the global cash management goals of the Company.

We are subject to taxation and file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and many state and foreign jurisdictions. We believe that an adequate provision has been made for any adjustments that may result from tax examinations. However, the outcome of tax audits cannot be predicted with certainty. If any issues addressed in our tax audits are resolved in a manner inconsistent with our expectations, we could be required to adjust our provision for income taxes in the period such resolution occurs. The resolution of each of these audits is not expected to be material to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

The functional currencies of the majority of our foreign operations are the local currencies. Assets and liabilities of our foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange on the balance sheet date. Sales and expenses are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. The related translation adjustments are accumulated in a separate section of Stockholders’ Equity. Realized and unrealized foreign currency transaction gains and losses are reflected in income, as a component of miscellaneous income and expense, and represented losses of $5.9 million, $1.7 million and $1.7 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Accounting standards require the application of the non-substantive vesting approach which means that an award is fully vested when the employee’s retention of the award is no longer contingent on providing future service. Under this approach, compensation costs are recognized over the requisite service period of the award instead of ratably over the vesting period stated in the grant. As such, costs are recognized immediately if the employee is retirement eligible on the date of grant or over the period from the date of grant until retirement eligibility if retirement eligibility is reached before the end of the vesting period stated in the grant. See Note 16 – Stock-Based Compensation for more information.

At inception of customer contracts, we assess the goods and services promised in order to identify a performance obligation for each promise to transfer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services) that is distinct. To identify the performance obligations, we consider all the goods or services promised in the contract, whether explicitly stated or implied based on customary business practices. For a contract that has more than one performance obligation, we allocate the total contract consideration to each distinct performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis. Revenue is recognized when (or as) the performance obligations are satisfied (i.e., when the customer obtains control of the good or service). The majority of our revenues are derived from product, tooling and service contract sales; however, we also receive revenues from license, exclusivity and royalty arrangements, which collectively are not material to the results. See specific discussions about methods of accounting for control transfers of product, tooling and service contract sales in Note 2 – Revenue.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease assets are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and operating lease liabilities are included in accounts payable accrued and other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance leases are included in property, plant and equipment, current maturities of long-term obligations and long-term obligations in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. We use the implicit rate when readily determinable. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date of the lease in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset includes any lease payments made as well as initial direct costs incurred and excludes lease incentives. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are generally accounted for separately. For certain equipment leases, we account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. We have elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities that arise from short-term leases (a lease whose term is 12 months or less and does not include a purchase option that we are reasonably certain to exercise).

In February 2016, the FASB issued a new standard related to leases to increase transparency and comparability among organizations. Most prominent among the changes in the standard is the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases, as our accounting for finance leases remained substantially unchanged. Under the new standard, disclosures are required to meet the objective of enabling users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. We adopted the standard on January 1, 2019 using a modified retrospective transition, with the effective date method. Under this method, financial results reported in periods prior to 2019 are not recast. We elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which among other things, allows companies to carry forward their historical lease classification. We also implemented internal controls and key system functionality to enable the preparation of financial information on adoption. The impact of adoption of the standard to previously reported results is shown below.


	Balance at December 31, 2018		Adjustments		Balance at January 1, 2019
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	—	$	83,222	$	83,222
Prepaid and other	118,245		(1,383)		116,862
Property, plant and equipment	991,613		5,876		997,489
Current maturities of long-term obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs	62,678		2,631		65,309
Accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities	525,199		20,508		545,707
Operating lease liabilities	—		61,331		61,331
Long-term obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs	1,125,993		3,245		1,129,238

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-9, which amended the guidance for recognition of revenue from customer contracts. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in the amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. On January 1, 2018, we adopted this standard and all the related amendments (the “new revenue standard”) for all contracts. This adoption was accounted for using the modified retrospective method. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as a $2.9 million adjustment to the January 1, 2018 opening balance of retained earnings.

A majority of our sales revenue continues to be recognized when products are shipped from our manufacturing facilities. For certain custom product and tooling sales where revenue was previously recognized when the products were shipped, we now recognize revenue over the time required to manufacture the product or build the tool in accordance with the new revenue standard. We also have certain extended warranty contracts, which under the new standard are considered a separate performance obligation and are required to be deferred and recognized into revenue over the life of the agreement.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-1, which provides guidance on the classification and measurement of financial assets and liabilities (equity securities and financial liabilities) under the fair value option and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments. In February 2018, ASU 2018-3 was issued to clarify certain aspects of the guidance issued in January 2016. The guidance modifies how entities measure equity investments and present changes in the fair value of financial liabilities. Under the new guidance, entities measure equity investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method at fair value and recognize any related changes in fair value in net income unless the investments qualify for the new practicality exception. A measurement alternative exists for those equity investments that do not have a readily determinable fair value. These investments may be measured at cost less impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. The standard also includes a new impairment model for equity investments without readily determinable fair values. The new model is a single-step model under which we are required to perform a qualitative assessment each reporting period to identify impairment. When a qualitative assessment indicates that an impairment exists, we will estimate the fair value of the investment and recognize in current earnings an impairment loss equal to the difference between the fair value and the carrying amount of the equity investment. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We adopted the requirements of this standard during the first quarter of 2018.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, which provides guidance to address the diversity in the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this standard require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We adopted the requirements of this standard during the first quarter of 2018 and appropriate disclosures are included on the statement of cash flows to the extent applicable.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-4, which provides guidance to simplify how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. As a result, impairment charges are required for the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value up to the amount of its allocated goodwill. We adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 and did not record any impairment charges.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-2, which provides guidance on the reclassification of certain tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income. This guidance allows for the reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA"). The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. We elected to early adopt this standard in the fourth quarter of 2018. As part of this adoption, we elected to reclassify $6.7 million of stranded income tax effects of the TCJA from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings at the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2018.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15 to help entities evaluate the accounting for fees paid by a customer in a cloud computing arrangement (hosting arrangement) by providing guidance for determining when the arrangement includes a software license. The amendments in this update align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). Accordingly, the amendments require an entity (customer) in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the guidance in Subtopic 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as an asset related to the service contract and which costs to expense. The amendments also require the entity (customer) to expense the capitalized implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract over the term of the hosting arrangement, which includes reasonably certain renewals. We adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 and no material impacts were noted.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, which amends disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The new standard modifies disclosure requirements including removing requirements to disclose the valuation process for Level 3 measurements and adding requirements to disclose the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 measurements. We adopted the standard on January 1, 2020 and no material impacts were noted.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, which amends disclosure requirements for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans. The amendments in this update remove disclosures that are no longer considered cost beneficial, clarify the specific requirements of disclosures, and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant. We adopted the standard during the fourth quarter of 2020 and appropriate disclosures are included in the notes to the financials statement to the extent applicable. The provisions of the new standard do not have any effect on the Company's financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, as well as the clarifying amendments subsequently issued. We applied the guidance using a modified retrospective approach and accordingly recognized an amount of $1.4 million as the cumulative adjustment to opening retained earnings in the first quarter of 2020. This is based on management's best estimates of specific losses on individual exposures particularly on current trade receivables, as well as the time value of money and reasonable and supportable information that is available at the reporting date about past events, current conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions. On an ongoing basis, we will contemplate forward-looking economic conditions in recording lifetime expected credit losses for our financial assets measured at cost, such as our trade receivables and certain other assets.