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7. INCOME TAXES
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]
7. INCOME TAXES

We file income tax returns in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. We are no longer subject to U.S. Federal tax examinations for years before 2008. State jurisdictions that remain subject to examination range from 2007 to 2010. Foreign jurisdiction tax returns that remain subject to examination range from 2005 to 2010 for Canada and from 2005 to 2010 for Puerto Rico. We do not believe there will be any material changes in our unrecognized tax positions over the next 12 months.


Our policy is to recognize interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. As of March 31, 2012, accrued interest or penalties were not material, and no such expenses were recognized during the quarter. We provided for income taxes at an estimated effective tax rate of 36% and 35% for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The estimated effective tax rate for 2012 is higher than the estimated rate for 2011 as we made additional permanent capital investment in our operations in the Dominican Republic in 2011, which reduced the amount of dividends that we needed to provide for U.S. income taxes. We do not expect to make additional permanent capital investment in 2012.


Income taxes. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was $0.4 million, compared to $0.3 million for the same period a year ago. We provided for income taxes at effective tax rates of 36% in 2011 and 35% in 2011. The estimated effective tax rate for 2012 is higher than the estimated rate for 2011 as we were anticipating making additional permanent capital investment in our operations in the Dominican Republic in 2011, which reduced the amount of dividends that we needed to provide for U.S. income taxes. We do not expect to make additional permanent capital investment in 2012.