S-3 1 w75202sv3.htm FORM S-3 sv3
As filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on August 6, 2009
Registration No. 333 -                     
 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
 
FORM S-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
 
ENTREMED, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
 
     
Delaware   58-1959440
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
9640 Medical Center Drive
Rockville, Maryland 20850
(240) 864-2600
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number,
Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)
 
CYNTHIA W. HU
CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER, GENERAL COUNSEL & SECRETARY
ENTREMED, INC.
9640 Medical Center Drive
Rockville, Maryland 20850
(240) 864-2600
(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number,
Including Area Code, of Agent for Service)
 
Copies to:
RICHARD E. BALTZ
Arnold & Porter LLP
555 Twelfth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20004
(202) 942-5000
 
     Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.
     If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box.     o
     If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.      þ
     If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.      o
     If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.      o
     If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.     o
     If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional class of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.      o
     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer o  Non-accelerated filer þ
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company o
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
                             
 
              Proposed              
              Maximum              
        Amount To Be     Offering Price Per     Proposed Maximum Aggregate     Amount of  
  Title of Each Class of Securities To Be Registered     Registered     Share(1)     Offering Price(1)(2)(3)     Registration Fee(4)  
  Common Stock     (1)     (1)     (1)     N/A  
  Preferred Stock     (1)     (1)     (1)     N/A  
  Warrants to Purchase Common Stock     (1)     (1)     (1)     N/A  
  Warrants to Purchase Preferred Stock     (1)     (1)     (1)     N/A  
  Units     (1)     (1)     (1)     N/A  
  Total for sale by Registrant     (1)     (1)     $30,000,000.00     $1,674.00  
 
(1)   There are being registered hereunder by the registrant such indeterminate number of securities as may be sold by the registrant from time to time, which together shall have an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $30,000,000.00. Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or as units with other securities registered hereunder. The securities registered hereunder also include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock and preferred stock as may be issued upon conversion of or exchange for preferred stock that provide for conversion or exchange, upon exercise of warrants or pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions of any of such securities. In addition, pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act, the shares being registered hereunder include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock and preferred stock as may be issuable with respect to the shares being registered hereunder as a result of stock splits, stock dividends or similar transactions. The proposed maximum initial offering price per unit will be determined, from time to time, by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered hereunder. At no time will the maximum aggregate offering price of all securities issues in any given 12-month period exceed the amount allowed for in General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3.
 
(2)   Exclusive of any accrued interest, distributions and dividends, if any.
 
(3)   Includes consideration to be received by registrant for registered securities that are issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange of other registered securities.
 
(4)   Pursuant to Rule 457(o) of the rules and regulations under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the registration fee has been calculated on the basis of the maximum aggregate offering price and the number of securities being registered has been omitted.
     The registrant hereby amends this registration statement (this “Registration Statement”) on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
 
 

 


 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell any of the securities described in this prospectus until the registration statement that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission to cover the securities is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED AUGUST 6, 2009
PROSPECTUS
ENTREMED, INC.
$30,000,000
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Warrants to Purchase Common Stock
Warrants to Purchase Preferred Stock
 
     We may offer and sell from time to time shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock or warrants to purchase shares of common stock or shares of preferred stock either individually or in units. We may also offer common stock upon conversion of preferred stock or common stock or preferred stock upon the exercise of warrants. We may sell any combination of the above described securities, either individually or in units, in one or more offerings in amounts, at prices and on terms determined at the time of the offering. We refer to the shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, warrants to purchase shares of common stock or shares of preferred stock and units collectively as the “securities.”
     This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities that we may offer. Each time we sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add information or update information contained in this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with the documents incorporated by reference and described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information” before you make your investment decision.
     We will sell the securities to underwriters or dealers, through agents or dealers, or directly to investors.
     An investment in the securities offered under this prospectus involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risk factors described in the applicable prospectus supplement and certain of our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as described under “ Risk Factors ” on page 3.
     The aggregate market value of our outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates is $36,963,146, based on 87,776,144 shares of outstanding common stock, of which 77,006,555 are held by non-affiliates, and a per share price of $0.48 based on the closing sale price of our common stock on July 17, 2009. We have not offered any securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6. of Form S-3 during the prior 12 calendar month period that ends on and includes the date of this prospectus.
 
     Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
     
 
The date of this prospectus is                      , 2009.

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About This Prospectus
     This prospectus is part of a “shelf” registration statement we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. By using a shelf registration statement, we may offer to sell any one or more or a combination of the securities described in this prospectus from time to time for an aggregate offering price of up to $30,000,000.
     You should rely only on the information contained in or specifically incorporated by reference into this prospectus or a prospectus supplement. No dealer, sales person, agent or other individual has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations not contained in this prospectus. If given or made, such information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized by us.
     This prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, the securities offered hereby in any jurisdiction where, or to any person to whom, it is unlawful to make such offer or solicitation.
     The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of securities. Neither the delivery of this prospectus nor any sale made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create an implication that there has not been any change in the facts set forth in this prospectus or in our affairs since the date of this prospectus.
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
          This report contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements also may be included in other statements that we make. All statements that are not descriptions of historical facts are forward-looking statements. These statements can generally be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “will,” “should,” or “anticipates” or similar terminology. These forward-looking statements include, among others, statements regarding the timing of our clinical trials, our cash position and future expenses, and our future revenues.

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          Our forward-looking statements are based on information available to us today, and we will not update these statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date thereof, actual results could differ materially from those currently anticipated due to a number of factors, including risks relating to: the early stage of our product candidates under development operating losses and anticipated future losses; the volatility of our common stock; the possibility that we may be delisted from the Nasdaq Capital Market; the continuing deterioration of the credit and capital markets and the effect on our ability to raise capital; restrictions imposed by our loan agreement; intense competition and rapid technological change in the biopharmaceutical industry; uncertainties relating to our patent and proprietary rights; uncertainties relating to clinical trials: estimated clinical trial commencement date; government regulation; and uncertainties of obtaining regulatory approval on a timely basis or at all. Additional information about the factors and risks that could affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, are contained in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which are available at www.sec.gov.
About EntreMed, Inc.
     We are a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company developing a new generation of multi-mechanism drugs for the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases. Currently, we are focused on developing our primary program, ENMD-2076, an Aurora A and angiogenic kinase inhibitor for the treatment of cancer. ENMD-2076 is currently in Phase 1 studies in advanced cancers and multiple myeloma. Our other therapeutic candidates include MKC-1, an oral cell-cycle inhibitor with activity against the mTOR pathway currently in multiple Phase 2 clinical trials for cancer, and ENMD-1198, a novel antimitotic agent currently in Phase 1 studies in advanced cancers. We also have an approved Investigational New Drug Application (IND) for the use of Panzem ® in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. All of our candidates are multi-mechanism drugs that target disease cells and the blood vessels that nourish them, which we believe can be developed to be safe and convenient, and provide the potential for improved patient outcomes.
     Our goal is to develop and commercialize therapeutics based on our scientific expertise in angiogenesis, cell cycle regulation and inflammation — processes vital to the progression of cancer and other diseases. Our three clinical product candidates for oncology are based on these mechanisms.
     Our principal offices are located at 9640 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, and our telephone number is (240) 864-2600. Our website is www.entremed.com. The information on our web site is not deemed to be part of this prospectus.
Risk Factors
     An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before you decide whether to purchase any of our securities, in addition to the other information in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement, you should carefully consider the risk factors set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as the same may be updated from time to time by our future filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act. For more information, see the section entitled “Incorporation by Reference.” The risks and uncertainties we have described are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also affect our business operations. To the extent that a particular offering implicates additional significant risks, we will include a discussion of those risks in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Use of Proceeds
     Except as may be otherwise set forth in the prospectus supplement accompanying this prospectus, we will use the net proceeds we receive from sales of the securities offered hereby for general corporate purposes, including support for our continuing research and development, commercialization activities, business development activities, and, if opportunities arise, acquisitions of businesses, products, technologies or licenses that are complementary to our business, although we have no current plans, commitments or agreements with respect to any acquisitions as of the date of this prospectus.
Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends
     We did not record earnings or pay any preferred stock dividends during the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 and for the six months ended June 30, 2009. Accordingly, we are unable to disclose a ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends.
Plan of Distribution
     We may sell the securities offered through this prospectus in any one or more of the following ways:
    directly to investors or purchasers;

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    to investors through agents;
 
    directly to agents;
 
    to or through brokers or dealers;
 
    to the public through underwriting syndicates led by one or more managing underwriters;
 
    to one or more underwriters acting alone for resale to investors or to the public;
 
    through a block trade in which the broker or dealer engaged to handle the block trade will attempt to sell the securities as agent, but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; and
 
    through a combination of any such methods of sale.
     Securities may also be issued upon exercise of warrants. We reserve the right to sell securities directly to investors on our own behalf in those jurisdictions where we are authorized to do so.
     The securities may be distributed at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed; market prices prevailing at the time of sale; prices related to the prevailing market prices; or negotiated prices.
     The prospectus supplement will, where applicable:
    describe the terms of the offering;
 
    identify any underwriters, dealers or agents;
 
    identify any managing underwriter or underwriters;
 
    provide purchase price of the securities;
 
    the net proceeds from the sale of the securities;
 
    any delayed delivery arrangements;
 
    any underwriting discounts, commissions and other items constituting underwriters’ compensation;
 
    any initial public offering price;
 
    any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and
 
    any commissions paid to agents.
Sale Through Underwriters or Dealers
     If underwriters are used in the sale, the underwriters will acquire the securities for their own account, including through underwriting, purchase, security lending or repurchase agreements with us. The underwriters may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions. Underwriters may sell the securities in order to facilitate transactions in any of our other securities (described in this prospectus or otherwise), including other public or private transactions and short sales. Underwriters may offer securities to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to certain conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all the offered securities if they purchase any of them. The underwriters may change from time to time any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers.
     If dealers are used in the sale of securities offered through this prospectus, we will sell the securities to them as principals. They may then resell those securities to the public at varying prices determined by the dealers at the time of resale. The prospectus supplement will include the names of the dealers and the terms of the transaction.

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Direct Sales and Sales Through Agents
     We may sell the securities offered through this prospectus. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved. Such securities may also be sold through agents designated from time to time. The prospectus supplement will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the offered securities and will describe any commissions payable to the agent. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, any agent will agree to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit purchases for the period of its appointment.
     We may sell the securities directly to institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) with respect to any sale of those securities. The terms of any such sales will be described in the prospectus supplement.
Delayed Delivery Contracts
     If the prospectus supplement indicates, we may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers from certain types of institutions to purchase securities at the public offering price under delayed delivery contracts. These contracts would provide for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. Delayed delivery contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth in each applicable prospectus supplement, and each prospectus supplement will set forth any commissions we pay for solicitation of these contracts.
“At the Market” Offerings
     We may from time to time engage a firm to act as our agent for one or more offerings of our securities. We sometimes refer to this agent as our “offering agent.” If we reach agreement with an offering agent with respect to a specific offering, including the number of securities and any minimum price below which sales may not be made, than the offering agent will try to sell such securities on the agreed terms. The offering agent could make sales in privately negotiated transactions or any other method permitted by law, including sales deemed to be an “at the market” offering as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act, including sales made directly on the The Nasdaq Capital Market, or sales made to or through a market maker other than on an exchange. The offering agent will be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any sales effected through an “at the market” offering.
Market Making, Stabilization and Other Transactions
     Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, each series of offered securities will be a new issue and will have no established trading market. We may elect to list any series of offered securities on an exchange. Any underwriters that we use in the sale of offered securities may make a market in such securities, but may discontinue such market making at any time without notice. Therefore, we cannot assure you that the securities will have a liquid trading market.
     To the extent permitted by and in accordance with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), in connection with an offering an underwriter may engage in over-allotments, stabilizing transactions, short covering transactions and penalty bids. Over-allotments involve sales in excess of the offering size, which creates a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Short covering transactions involve purchases of the securities in the open market after the distribution is completed to cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the dealer are purchased in a covering transaction to cover short positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would be otherwise. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue any of the activities at any time.
     To the extent permitted by and in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act, any underwriters who are qualified market makers on the Nasdaq Capital Market may engage in passive market making transactions in the securities on the Nasdaq Capital Market during the business day prior to the pricing of an offering, before the commencement of offers or sales of the securities. Passive market makers must comply with applicable volume and price limitations and must be identified as passive market makers. In general, a passive market maker must display its bid at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid for such security; if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, however, the passive market maker’s bid must then be lowered when certain purchase limits are exceeded.
Derivative Transactions and Hedging
     We, the underwriters or other agents may engage in derivative transactions involving the securities. These derivatives may consist of short sale transactions and other hedging activities. The underwriters or agents may acquire a long or short position in the securities, hold or resell securities acquired and purchase options or futures on the securities and other derivative instruments with returns linked to or related to changes in the price of the securities. In order to facilitate these derivative transactions, we may enter into security lending or repurchase agreements with the underwriters or agents. The underwriters or agents may effect the derivative transactions through sales of the securities to the public, including short sales, or by lending the securities in order to facilitate short sale transactions by others. The underwriters or agents may also use the securities purchased or borrowed from us or others (or, in the case of derivatives, securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives) to directly or indirectly settle sales of the securities or close out any related open borrowings of the securities.

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General Information; Offering Limitations
     Agents, underwriters, and dealers may be entitled, under agreements entered into with us, to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Our agents, underwriters, and dealers, or their affiliates, may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business. No securities may be sold under this prospectus without delivery, in paper format, in electronic format on the Internet, or both, of the applicable prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of the offering.
     Pursuant to the SEC rules governing the primary offering of securities on Form S-3 and as a result of our current public float as of the date of this Registration Statement, provided that we otherwise eligible to use Form S-3, we are limited to issue and sell, pursuant to this Registration Statement, a number of shares equivalent to the value of one-third of our public float in the 12-month period immediately prior to , and including, any such sale. If our public float exceeds $75 million at any time subsequent to the effective date of this Registration Statement, we will no longer be subject to the one-third limitation with respect to future sales.
Dilution
     We will set forth in a prospectus supplement the following information regarding any material dilution of the equity interests of investors purchasing securities in an offering under this prospectus:
    the net tangible book value per share of our equity securities before and after the offering;
 
    the amount of the increase in such net tangible book value per share attributable to the cash payments made by purchasers in the offering; and
 
    the amount of the immediate dilution from the public offering price which will be absorbed by such purchasers.
The Securities We May Offer
     The descriptions of the securities contained in this prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplement, summarize the material terms and provisions of the various types of securities that we may offer. We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to any securities the particular terms of the securities offered by that prospectus supplement. If we so indicate in a prospectus supplement, the terms of the securities may revise, amend, modify or supersede the terms we have summarized below. We will also include in the prospectus supplement information, where applicable, about material United States federal income tax considerations relating to the securities, and the securities exchange or market, if any, on which the securities will be listed or quoted.
     We may sell from time to time, in one or more offerings, one or more of the following securities:
    common stock;
 
    preferred stock;
 
    warrants to purchase common stock;
 
    warrants to purchase preferred stock; and
 
    units.
     These securities may be offered and sold from time to time for an aggregate offering price not to exceed $30,000,000.
     This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
Description of Common Stock
          The following summary of the terms of our common stock is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to our certificate of incorporation and by-laws, each as amended to date, copies of which are on file with the SEC as exhibits to previous SEC filings. Please see “Where You Can Find More Information” below for directions on obtaining these documents.
          As of July 17, 2009, we had 175,000,000 shares of common stock authorized, of which 88,651,143 shares were outstanding. All of our outstanding common shares are fully paid and non-assessable. Any additional common shares that we issue will be fully paid and non-assessable.

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General
     Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on matters on which our stockholders vote. There are no cumulative voting rights. Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive proportionally any dividends declared by our board of directors, out of funds that we may legally use to pay dividends. In the event of our liquidation or dissolution, holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of all debts and other liabilities, subject to the prior rights of holders of any outstanding preferred stock. Holders of our common stock have no preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights.
     Since our initial public offering in 1996, we have not paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently anticipate that any earnings will be retained for the continued development of our business and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
     The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
Nasdaq Capital Market
     Our common stock is listed for quotation on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “ENMD.”
Description of Preferred Stock
     As of July 17, 2009, we had 3,350,000 shares of 6% Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred”) issued and outstanding. Each share of Series A Preferred is convertible into five shares of common stock at an initial conversion price of $1.00 per share, subject to change for certain dilutive events.
      Our Series A Preferred ranks, with respect to rights to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets in the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, senior to our common stock and to any other class or series of our capital stock that we may issue in the future, unless the holders of the Series A Preferred approve the issuance of more senior securities. Our Series A Preferred accumulates dividends at a rate of 6% and will participate in dividends declared and paid on the common stock, if any. All accumulated dividends must be paid before any dividends may be declared or paid on the Common Stock. We have granted certain participation rights to purchase securities sold by us to the holder of our Series A Preferred.
     Under Delaware law and our certificate of incorporation, our board of directors is authorized, without shareholder approval, to issue shares of preferred stock from time to time in one or more series. Our board of directors may fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of this stock. Some of the rights, preferences and privileges that our board of directors may designate include dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences and sinking fund terms. Our board of directors may determine the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of such series. Any or all of the rights, preferences and privileges selected by the board of directors may be greater than the rights of the common stock.
     If we offer a specific series of preferred stock under this prospectus, we will describe the terms of the preferred stock in the applicable prospectus supplement and will file a copy of the certificate of designation establishing the terms of the preferred stock with the SEC. To the extent required or applicable, this description will include:
    the title and stated value;
 
    the number of shares offered, the liquidation preference per share and the offering price;
 
    the dividend rate(s), period(s) and/or payment date(s), or method(s) of calculation for such dividends;
 
    whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends accumulate;
 
    the provisions for any sinking fund, if any;
 
    the provisions for redemption, if any;
 
    any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;
 
    whether preferred stock will be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or other of our securities, and, if applicable, the conversion or exchange price (or how it will be calculated) and conversion or exchange period;
 
    voting rights, if any;
 
    if appropriate, a discussion of any applicable U.S. federal income tax considerations;
 
    the relative ranking and preference of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs; and

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    any other specific terms, preferences, rights, limitations or restrictions.
     The transfer agent and registrar for any class or series of preferred stock will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Description of Warrants
     We may issue warrants to purchase shares of common stock or shares of preferred stock. The warrants may be issued independently or together with any other securities and may be attached to or separate from the other securities. Further terms of the warrants will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
     The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the warrants in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered, including, where applicable, the following:
    the title of the warrants;
 
    the aggregate number of the warrants;
 
    the price or prices at which the warrants will be issued and the currency in which the price for the warrants may be paid;
 
    the designation, terms and number of shares of common stock purchasable upon exercise of such warrants;
 
    the designation and terms of the shares of common stock with which such warrants are issued and the number of such warrants issued with such shares;
 
    the date on and after which such warrants and the related common stock will be separately transferable, including any limitations on ownership and transfer of such warrants;
 
    provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price of the warrants;
 
    the price at which each share of common stock purchasable upon exercise of such warrants may be purchased;
 
    the date on which the right to exercise such warrants shall commence and the date on which such right shall expire;
 
    the minimum or maximum amount of such warrants which may be exercised at any one time;
 
    information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;
 
    a discussion of certain material U.S. federal income tax consequences; and
 
    any other terms of such warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of such warrants.
Description of Units
     The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the units that we may offer under this prospectus and any related unit agreements and unit certificates. While the terms summarized below will apply generally to any units that we may offer, we will describe the particular terms of any series of units in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. If we indicate in the prospectus supplement, the terms of any units offered under that prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below.
     We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, any form of unit agreement that describes the terms of the series of units we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of the related series of units. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of the units are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of such unit agreements and any supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the particular series of units that we may offer under this prospectus and the complete unit agreement and any supplemental agreements that contain the terms of the units.
     We may issue, in one more series, units comprised of shares of our common stock or preferred stock and warrants to purchase common stock or preferred or any combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit

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is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date.
     We may evidence units by unit certificates that we issue under a separate agreement. We may issue the units under a unit agreement between us and one or more unit agents. If we elect to enter into a unit agreement with a unit agent, the unit agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the units and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any registered holders of units or beneficial owners of units. We will indicate the name and address and other information regarding the unit agent in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of units if we elect to use a unit agent.
     We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of units being offered, including:
    the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;
 
    any provisions of the governing unit agreement that differ from those described below; and
 
    any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units.
     The other provisions regarding our common stock, preferred stock and warrants as described in this section will apply to each unit to the extent such unit consists of shares of our common stock and preferred stock and warrants to purchase our common stock.
Certain Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation, Our Bylaws and Delaware Law
     The following paragraphs summarize certain provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law and our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Delaware General Corporation Law and to our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws, copies of which are on file with the SEC.
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law
     We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an anti-takeover law. In general, the statute prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. For purposes of Section 203, a “business combination” includes a merger, asset sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder, and an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and employees, owns or, within three years prior, did own 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock.
Undesignated Preferred Stock
     Our certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors, without further stockholder action, to provide for the issuance of up to a total of 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, redemption prices, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any series of the designation of such series, without further vote or action by the stockholders. The ability to authorize undesignated preferred stock makes it possible for our board of directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to change control of our company. These and other provisions may have the effect of deferring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management of our company.
Staggered Board of Directors
     Our board of directors is divided into three classes, the members of each of which will serve for a staggered three-year term. Our shareholders may elect only one-third of the directors each year; therefore, it is more difficult for a third party to gain control of our board of directors than if our board was not staggered.
Stockholder Meetings
     Our bylaws provide that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by the chairman of the board after the receipt of a written request of a majority of our board of directors.
Voting Rights
     Each of our outstanding common shares as of the applicable record date is entitled to one vote in each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of stockholders and, in all elections for directors, every stockholder has the right to vote the number of shares owned by it for as many persons as there are directors to be elected, provided directors are elected according to our articles of incorporation and by-laws. Our stockholders may vote either in person or by proxy.

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     The holders of Series A preferred stock have the right to one vote for each share of common stock into which their shares of Series A Preferred could then be converted. Holders of Series A Preferred have full voting rights, are entitled to notice of any stockholders’ meeting, and are treated for all purposes, and entitled to vote, with holders of the common stock as a single class.
Requirements for Advance Notification of Stockholder Nominations and Proposals
     Our bylaws establish advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of the board of directors or a committee of the board of directors.
Amendment of Bylaws
     Any amendment of our bylaws by our stockholders requires approval at a meeting at which a quorum is present by vote of a majority of the number of shares of stock entitled to vote present in person or by proxy at such meeting. Our bylaws may also be amended, changed, added to or repealed by our board of directors without the assent or vote of our stockholders.
Legal Matters
     The validity of the issuance of the securities offered by this prospectus has been passed upon for us by Arnold & Porter LLP, Washington, DC. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for any agents or underwriters by counsel for such agents or underwriters identified in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Experts
     Ernst & Young LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, has audited our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, and the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, as set forth in their reports, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our financial statements and our management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008 are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young LLP’s reports, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
Where You Can Find More Information
     This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the SEC. The registration statement that contains this prospectus, including the exhibits to the registration statement, contains additional information about us and the securities offered by this prospectus.
     We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the Public Reference Room. Our public filings, including reports, proxy and information statements, are also available on the SEC’s web site at http://www.sec.gov. We maintain a website at www.entremed.com. The information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement, and you should not consider it a part of this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement.
Incorporation of Certain Documents By Reference
     The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information from other documents that we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information by referring to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the documents listed below, and any future filings (other than the portions thereof deemed to be “furnished” to the SEC pursuant to Item 2.02, Item 7.01 or Item 9.01 of Current Report on Form 8-K) we make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), until we have sold all of the securities to which this prospectus relates or the offering is otherwise terminated, including any such filing prior to the effectiveness of this registration statement:
    our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, filed with the SEC on March 13, 2009;
 
    our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ending March 31, 2009, filed with the SEC on May 6, 2009;
 
    our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ending June 30, 2009, filed with the SEC on August 6, 2009;
 
    our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed on February 2, 2009; March 12, 2009; and May 6, 2009 (excluding any information furnished in such reports under Item 2.02 or Item 9.01)
 
    our definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed on April 29, 2009; and

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    the description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act with the SEC on May 14, 1996, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.
     To the extent that any statement in this prospectus is inconsistent with any statement that is incorporated by reference and that was made on or before the date of this prospectus, the statement in this prospectus shall supersede such incorporated statement. The incorporated statement shall not be deemed, except as modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus or the registration statement. Statements contained in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other document are not necessarily complete and, in each instance, we refer you to the copy of each contract or document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement.
     We will furnish without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a copy of this prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any or all of the information that has been incorporated into this prospectus by reference (except exhibits, unless they are specifically incorporated into this prospectus by reference) but not delivered with this prospectus. You should direct any requests for copies to:
Ginny Dunn
Associate Director
Corporate Communications and Investor Relations
EntreMed, Inc.
9640 Medical Center Drive
Rockville, Maryland 20850
(240) 864-2600
ginnyd@entremed.com

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PART II
Information Not Required in This Prospectus
ITEM 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.
     The following table sets forth the costs and expenses in connection with the issuance and distribution of the common stock being registered. All amounts are estimated except the SEC registration fee.
         
SEC registration fee
  $ 1,674  
Accounting fees and expenses
  $ 10,000  
Legal fees and expenses
  $ 7,000  
Printing expenses
  $ 500  
Miscellaneous
  $ 1,000  
 
     
 
       
Total
  $ 20,174  
 
     
     The expenses set forth above relate solely to the preparation and filing of this Registration Statement. We may incur additional expenses in connection with any offering of the securities registered hereunder.
ITEM 15. Indemnification of Officers and Directors.
     Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”), permits, under certain circumstances, the indemnification of any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving in a similar capacity for another enterprise at the request of the corporation. To the extent that a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation has been successful in defending any such proceeding, the DGCL provides that he shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection therewith. With respect to a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation, such person may be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), actually and reasonably incurred, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. The DGCL provides, however, that indemnification shall not be permitted in such a proceeding if such person is adjudged liable to the corporation unless, and only to the extent that, the court, upon application, determines that he is entitled to indemnification under the circumstances. With respect to proceedings other than those brought by or in the right of the corporation, notwithstanding the outcome of such a proceeding, such person may be indemnified against judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement, as well as expenses, if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action, had no reason to believe his conduct was unlawful. Except with respect to mandatory indemnification of expenses to successful defendants as described in the preceding paragraph or pursuant to a court order, the indemnification described in this paragraph may be made only upon a determination in each specific case (1) by majority vote of the directors that are not parties to the proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (2) by a committee of the directors that are not a party to the proceeding who have been appointed by a majority vote of directors who are not a party to the proceeding, even though less than a quorum, or (3) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (4) by the stockholders.
     The DGCL permits a corporation to advance expenses incurred by a proposed indemnitee in advance of final disposition of the proceeding, provided that the indemnitee undertakes to repay such advanced expenses if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled to indemnification. Also, a corporation may purchase insurance on behalf of an indemnitee against any liability asserted against him in his designated capacity, whether or not the corporation itself would be empowered to indemnify him against such liability. We have adopted provisions in our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that provide for indemnification of our officers and directors to the maximum extent permitted under the DGCL. As authorized by the DGCL, our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation limits the liability of our directors for monetary damages. The effect of this provision is to eliminate the rights of our company and our stockholders to recover monetary damages against a director for breach of the fiduciary duty of care as a director except in certain limited situations. This provision does not limit or eliminate our rights or the rights of any stockholder to seek non-monetary relief such as an injunction or rescission in the event of a breach of a director’s duty of care. This provision will not alter the liability of directors under federal securities laws. We have purchased an insurance policy that purports to insure our officers and directors against certain liabilities incurred by them in the discharge of their functions as such officers and directors. The foregoing descriptions are only general summaries. For additional information we refer you to the full text of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, filed on August 9, 2006 as an Exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which we incorporate with this filing by reference.

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ITEM 16. Exhibits.
     The exhibits listed on the Index to Exhibits of this Registration Statement are filed herewith or are incorporated herein by reference to other filings.
ITEM 17. Undertakings.
(a)   The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
  (1)   To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
  (i)   to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;
 
  (ii)   To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of this registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
 
  (iii)   to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;
 
      Provided, however, That:
  A.   Paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-8, and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement; and
 
  B.   Paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.
  (2)   That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
 
  (3)   To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
 
  (4)   That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser, if the registrant is relying on Rule 430B of the Securities Act of 1933,
  (i)   each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and
 
  (ii)   each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i)(x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

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  (5)   That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
  (i)   Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
 
  (ii)   Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
 
  (iii)   The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
 
  (iv)   Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
(b)   The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to section 13(a) or section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in this registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
 
(c)   Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
 
(d)   The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act of 1933 will be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus will be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time will be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

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SIGNATURES
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all the requirements for filings on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
         
Dated: August 6, 2009 ENTREMED, INC.

 
 
  By:   /s/ Michael M. Tarnow    
    Michael M. Tarnow   
    Executive Chairman   
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY
     KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the persons whose signatures appear below constitute and appoint Michael M. Tarnow and Kathy Wehmeir-Davis as their true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for them and in their names, places and steads, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this registration statement, and to sign any subsequent registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any and all amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and the other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as they might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or their substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.
     Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
         
Signature   Title   Date
 
       
/s/ Michael M. Tarnow
 
Michael M. Tarnow
  Executive Chairman
(Principal Executive Officer)
  August 6, 2009
 
       
/s/ Kathy R. Wehmeir-Davis
 
Kathy R. Wehmeir-Davis
  Principal Accounting Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)   August 6, 2009
 
       
/s/ Donald S. Brooks
 
Donald S. Brooks
  Director    August 6, 2009
 
       
/s/ Dwight L. Bush.
 
Dwight L. Bush.
  Director    August 6, 2009
 
       
/s/ Jennie C. Hunter-Cevera
 
Jennie C. Hunter-Cevera
  Director    August 6, 2009
 
       
/s/ Mark C. M. Randall
 
Mark C. M. Randall
  Director    August 6, 2009
 
       
/s/ Peter S. Knight
 
Peter S. Knight
  Director    August 6, 2009

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
     
Exhibit No.   Exhibit Title
 
   
1.1
  Form of Underwriting Agreement for Common Stock. (1)
 
   
1.2
  Form of Underwriting Agreement for Preferred Stock. (1)
 
   
4.1
  Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q previously filed with the SEC on August 9, 2006).
 
   
4.2
  Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K previously filed with the SEC on December 12, 2007).
 
   
4.3
  Form of Warrant Agreement for Common Stock, including form of Warrant. (1)
 
   
4.4
  Form of Warrant Agreement for Preferred Stock, including form of Warrant. (1)
 
   
4.5
  Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (included in Exhibit 4.3). (1)
 
   
4.6
  Form of Warrant to Purchase Preferred Stock (included in Exhibit 4.4). (1)
 
   
4.7
  Form of Unit Agreement, including form of Unit (1).
 
   
4.8
  Certificate of Designations of the Series A Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4 to our Current Report on Form 8-K previously filed with the SEC on January 15, 2003).
 
   
5.1
  Opinion of Arnold & Porter LLP.
 
   
23.1
  Consent of Arnold & Porter LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
 
   
23.2
  Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.
 
   
24.1
  Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this registration statement).
 
(1)   To be filed by amendment or by a Current Report on Form 8-K, or where applicable, incorporated by reference from a subsequent filing, if the registrant enters into any such agreement or issues any such instrument in connection with the offer of any securities registered hereunder.

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