Commitments and Contingencies

Environmental

We are subject to federal, state, local, and foreign environmental laws and regulations concerning, among other matters, waste water effluents, air emissions, and handling and disposal of hazardous materials, such as cleaning fluids. We are involved with environmental compliance, investigation, monitoring, and remediation activities at certain of our owned and formerly owned manufacturing facilities and at one owned facility that is leased to a third party, and, except for these continuing remediation efforts, believes we are currently in substantial compliance with all known environmental regulations. At December 31, 2018 and 2017, we had undiscounted accrued environmental reserves of $1.3 and $2.1, respectively. We accrue for certain environmental remediation-related activities for which commitments or remediation plans have been developed and for which costs can be reasonably estimated. These estimates are determined based upon currently available facts and circumstances regarding each facility. Actual costs incurred may vary from these estimates due to the inherent uncertainties involved. Future expenditures relating to these environmental remediation efforts are expected to be made over the next 7 years as ongoing costs of remediation programs.

Although we believe we have adequately provided for the cost of all known environmental conditions, the applicable regulatory agencies could insist upon different and more costly remediation than those we believe are adequate or required by existing law or third parties may seek to impose environmental liabilities on us. We believe that any additional liability in excess of amounts accrued which may result from the resolution of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity, cash flows or results of operations.

Aluminum Cryobiological Tank Recall

In April 2018, we received several customer inquiries regarding the performance of certain aluminum cryobiological tanks (in the D&S West segment) manufactured at our New Prague, Minnesota facility. An investigation has determined that certain aluminum tanks manufactured at the facility during a limited certain period should be repaired or replaced. As such, on April 23, 2018, we issued a recall notice for the impacted product lines. Our D&S West segment recorded an expense of $4.0 to cost of sales during 2018 related to the estimated costs of the recall. The remaining liability is included in other current liabilities in the December 31, 2018 audited consolidated balance sheet. This estimated reserve is subject to adjustment to the extent additional developments arise in connection with this matter.

The following table represents the establishment of and changes in the aluminum cryobiological tank recall reserve:



Recall reserve - established April 2018	$	3.8
Reserve usage	(3.9		)
Change in estimate - expense	0.2
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	0.1

Legal Proceedings

Stainless Steel Cryobiological Tank Legal Proceedings

During the second quarter of 2018, Chart was named in lawsuits (including a class action lawsuit filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California) filed against Chart and other defendants with respect to the alleged failure of a stainless steel cryobiological storage tank (model MVE 808AF-GB) at the Pacific Fertility Center in San Francisco, California. No monetary damages related to the alleged failure have been specified or communicated to Chart at this point, and we are evaluating the merits of such claims in light of the limited information available to date regarding use, maintenance and operation of the tank which has been out of our custody for the past six years when it was sold to the Pacific Fertility Center through an independent distributor. Accordingly, an accrual related to any damages that may result from the lawsuits has not been recorded because a potential loss is not currently probable or estimable.

We have asserted various defenses against the claims in the lawsuits, including a defense that since manufacture, we were not in any way involved with the installation, ongoing maintenance or monitoring of the tank or related fertility center cryogenic systems at any time since the initial delivery of the tank.

Aluminum Cryobiological Tank Legal Proceeding

Chart has been named in purported class action lawsuits filed in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice against the Company and other defendants with respect to the alleged failure of an aluminum cryobiological storage tank (model FNL XC 47/11-6 W/11) at The Toronto Institute for Reproductive Medicine in Etobicoke, Ontario. We have confirmed that the tank in question was part of the aluminum cryobiological tank recall commenced on April 23, 2018. We have asserted various defenses against the claims in the lawsuits and are in the early stages of litigation. Accordingly, an accrual related to any damages that may result from the lawsuit has not been recorded because a potential loss is not currently probable or estimable.

We are occasionally subject to various legal claims related to performance under contracts, product liability, taxes, employment matters, environmental matters, intellectual property, and other matters incidental to the normal course of our business. Based on our historical experience in litigating these claims, as well as our current assessment of the underlying merits of the claims and applicable insurance, if any, management believes that the final resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, liquidity, cash flows, or results of operations. Future developments may, however, result in resolution of these legal claims in a way that could have a material adverse effect.