Business Description and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Business Description and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

1. Business Description and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Business Description

Servotronics, Inc. and its subsidiaries design, manufacture and market advanced technology products consisting primarily of control components and consumer products consisting of knives and various types of cutlery and other edged products.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Servotronics, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Cash

The Company considers cash and cash equivalents to include all cash accounts and short-term investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less. 

Accounts Receivable

The Company grants credit to substantially all of its customers and carries its accounts receivable at original invoice amount less an allowance for doubtful accounts. On a periodic basis, the Company evaluates its accounts receivable and establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based on history of past write-offs, collections, and current credit conditions. The allowance for doubtful accounts amounted to approximately $154,000 at December 31, 2017 and $77,000 at December 31, 2016. The Company does not accrue interest on past due receivables.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues are recognized as services are rendered or as units are shipped and at the designated FOB point consistent with the transfer of title, risks and rewards of ownership. Such purchase orders generally include specific terms relative to quantity, item description, specifications, price, customer responsibility for in-process costs, delivery schedule, shipping point, payment and other standard terms and conditions of purchase.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost includes all costs incurred to bring each product to its present location and condition. Market provisions in respect of lower of cost or market adjustments and inventory expected to be used in greater than one year are applied to the gross value of the inventory through a reserve of approximately $1,601,000 and $1,513,000 at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Pre-production and start-up costs are expensed as incurred.

The purchase of suppliers’ minimum economic quantities of material such as steel, etc. may result in a purchase of quantities exceeding one year of customer requirements. Also, in order to maintain a reasonable and/or agreed to lead time or minimum stocking requirements, certain larger quantities of other product support items may have to be purchased and may result in over one year’s supply.

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and handling costs are classified as a component of cost of goods sold.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment is carried at cost; expenditures for new facilities and equipment and expenditures which substantially increase the useful lives of existing plant and equipment are capitalized; expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Upon disposal of properties, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and any profit or loss on disposition is included in income.

Depreciation is provided on the basis of estimated useful lives of depreciable properties, primarily by the straight-line method for financial statement purposes and by accelerated methods for tax purposes. Depreciation expense includes the amortization of capital lease assets. The estimated useful lives of depreciable properties are generally as follows:

Buildings and improvements	5-40 years
Machinery and equipment	5-20 years
Tooling	3-5 years

Income Taxes

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, as well as operating loss and credit carryforwards. The Company and its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return, combined New York and Texas state income tax returns and separate Pennsylvania and Arkansas income tax returns.

The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. The Company did not have any accrued interest or penalties included in its consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016, and did not recognize any interest and/or penalties in its consolidated statements of income during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. The Company did not have any material uncertain tax positions or unrecognized tax benefits or obligations as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The 2014 through 2016 federal and state tax returns remain subject to examination.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was enacted on December 22, 2017. In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, the Company has accounted for the impact of the provisions in the Tax Act during the year ended December 31, 2017.

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Income taxes paid during the twelve month periods ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 amounted to approximately $73,000 and $684,000, respectively. Interest paid during the twelve month periods ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 amounted to approximately $77,000 and $73,000, respectively.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

Contributions to the employee stock ownership plan are determined annually by the Company according to plan formula.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be fully recoverable based on undiscounted future operating cash flow analyses. If an impairment is determined to exist, any related impairment loss is calculated based on fair value. Impairment losses on assets to be disposed of, if any, are based on the estimated proceeds to be received, less costs of disposal. The Company has determined that no impairment of long-lived assets existed at and during the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications

Certain balances as previously reported were reclassified to conform with classifications adopted in the current period.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.

Concentration of Credit Risks

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risks principally consist of cash accounts in financial institutions. Although the accounts exceed the federally insured deposit amount, management does not anticipate nonperformance by the financial institutions.

During the Company’s 2017 fiscal year, sales of advanced technology products pursuant to contracts with prime or subcontractors for various branches of the United States Government accounted for approximately 9% of the Company’s consolidated revenues as compared to 9% in 2016. The Company had sales of advanced technology products to three customers, including various divisions and subsidiaries of a common parent company, which represented more than 10% of consolidated revenues in 2017. Total revenues from these three customers amounted to approximately 49% in 2017 as compared to three customers amounting to approximately 61% of the Company’s consolidated revenues in 2016. No other customers of the ATG or CPG represented more than 10% of the Company’s consolidated revenues in either of these years. Refer to Note 11, Business Segments, for disclosures related to business segments of the Company.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses are reasonable estimates of their fair value due to their short maturity. Based on variable interest rates and the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for loans similar to its long-term debt, their fair value approximates the carrying amount.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Effective January 1, 2017, the Company adopted new guidance issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASU 2015-11, “Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory”. The ASU changes the measurement principle for certain inventory methods from the lower of cost or market to the lower of cost and net realizable value. Adoption of this new guidance had no impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial position.

Effective January 1, 2017, the Company adopted new guidance issued by the FASB ASU 2015-17, “Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes”. The guidance requires that all deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities, along with any related valuation allowance, be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet. Adoption of this new guidance during the reporting period resulted in the reclassification of a deferred tax liability of $661,000 from current to noncurrent at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The deferred tax liability, for both reporting periods offsets the deferred tax asset, as presented on the balance sheet at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Effective January 1, 2017, the Company adopted new guidance issued by the FASB ASU 2016-09, “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” which amends the current stock compensation guidance. The amendments simplify the accounting for the taxes related to stock based compensation, including adjustments to how excess tax benefits and a Company’s payments for tax withholdings should be classified. Adoption of this new guidance has not had a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial position.

Effective January 1, 2017, the Company selected early adoption of the new guidance issued by the FASB ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment,” which removes the requirement to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with its carrying amount as part of step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. Adoption of this new guidance has not had a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial position.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, “Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,” which requires employers to present the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost in the same income statement line item(s) as other employee compensation costs arising from services rendered during the period. Only the service cost component will be eligible for capitalization in assets. The other components of net periodic benefit cost will be presented separately from the line item(s) that includes the service cost and outside of any subtotal of operating income, if one is presented. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)." The new revenue recognition standard outlines a comprehensive model for companies to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. In August 2015, the FASB affirmed its proposal to defer the effective date of the standard to annual reporting periods (and interim reporting periods within those years) beginning after December 15, 2017. Entities are permitted to apply the new revenue standard early, but not before the original effective date of annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016.

Revenue on a significant portion of our contracts is currently recognized at the time of shipment of goods, transfer of title and customer acceptance, as required. Our revenue transactions generally consist of a single performance obligation to transfer contracted goods and are not accounted for under-industry-specific guidance. We have obtained an understanding of the new standard and currently believe that we will retain much of the same accounting treatment used to recognize revenue as compared to current standards.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” There are elements of the new standard that could impact almost all entities to some extent, although the lessees will likely see the most significant changes. Lessee will need to recognize virtually all of their leases on the balance sheet, by recording the right-of-use asset and a lease liability. Public business entities are required to adopt the new leasing standard for fiscal years, and interim period within those fiscal years, beginning December 15, 2018. For calendar year-end public companies, this means an adoption date of January 1, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not believe the adoption will have a material impact on the financial statements and disclosures.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income to allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the U.S. tax reform legislation commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.