Exhibit 3.1

BY-LAWS OF

SERVOTRONICS, INC.

Amended and Restated as of April 22 2022

ARTICLE 1        OFFICES

Section 1-1.          Registered Office and Registered Agent. The Corporation shall maintain a registered office and registered agent within the State of Delaware, which may be changed by the Board of Directors from time to time.

Section 1-2.          Other Offices. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places, within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine.

ARTICLE 2        STOCKHOLDERS MEETINGS

Section 2-1.          Place of Stockholders’ Meetings. All meetings of stockholders shall be held at such place, if any, either within or without the State of Delaware, or by means of remote communication, as may be designated by the Board of Directors from time to time.

Section 2-2.          Annual Meeting. A meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation shall be held in each calendar year at such date, time and place as the Board of Directors shall determine by resolution.

At such annual meeting, there shall be held an election for a Board of Directors to serve for the ensuing year and until their respective successors are elected and qualified, or until their earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal.

Unless the Board of Directors shall deem it advisable, financial reports of the Corporation’s business need not be sent to the stockholders and need not be presented at the annual meeting. If any report is deemed advisable by the Board of Directors, such report may contain such information as the Board of Directors shall determine and need not be certified by a Certified Public Accountant unless the Board of Directors shall so direct.

Section 2-3.          Special Meetings. Except as otherwise specifically provided by law, special meetings of the stockholders may be called at any time:

(a)          By a majority of the Board of Directors; or

(b)         By the holders of record of not less than a majority of all the shares outstanding and entitled to vote.

Upon the written request of any person entitled to call a special meeting, which request shall set forth the purpose for which the meeting is desired, it shall be the duty of the Secretary to give prompt written notice of such meeting to be held at such time as the Secretary may fix, subject to the provisions of Section 2-4 hereof. If the Secretary shall fail to fix such date and give such notice within ten (10) days after receipt of such request, the person or persons making such request may do so.

Section 2-4.          Notices of Stockholders’ Meetings. Notice of the place (if any), date, hour, the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (if such date is different from the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting), and means of remote communication, if any, of every meeting of stockholders shall be given by the Corporation not less than ten days nor more than 60 days before the meeting (unless a different time is specified by law) to every stockholder entitled to vote at the meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting. Notices of special meetings shall also specify the purpose or purposes for which the meeting has been called. Notices of meetings to stockholders may be given by mailing the same, addressed to the stockholder entitled thereto, at such stockholder’s mailing address as it appears on the records of the corporation and such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the U.S. mail, postage prepaid. Without limiting the manner by which notices of meetings otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any such notice may be given by electronic transmission in accordance with applicable law. Notice of any meeting need not be given to any stockholder who shall, either before or after the meeting, submit a waiver of notice or who shall attend such meeting, except when the stockholder attends for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Any stockholder so waiving notice of the meeting shall be bound by the proceedings of the meeting in all respects as if due notice thereof had been given.

Section 2-5.          Quorum. Unless the Certificate of Incorporation provides otherwise, the presence, in person or by proxy, of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum. The stockholders present at a duly organized meeting can continue to do business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum. If a meeting cannot be organized because of the absence of a quorum, those present may, except as otherwise provided by law, adjourn the meeting to such time and place as they may determine. In the case of any meeting for the election of Directors, those stockholders who attend the second of such adjourned meetings, although less than a quorum as fixed in this Section, shall nevertheless constitute a quorum for the purpose of electing Directors.

Section 2-6.          Voting. The Corporation shall prepare a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting (a) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list was provided with the notice of the meeting; or (b) either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where said meeting is to be held. If the meeting is to be held at a place, the list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.

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At all stockholders’ meetings, stockholders entitled to vote may attend and vote either in person or by proxy. All proxies shall be executed in writing and shall be filed with the Secretary of the Corporation not later than the day on which exercised. No proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three (3) years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period.

Except as otherwise specifically provided by law, all matters coming before the meeting shall be determined by a vote by shares. All elections of Directors shall be by written ballot unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation. Except as otherwise specifically provided by law, all other votes may be taken by voice unless a stockholder demands that it be taken by ballot, in which latter event the vote shall be taken by written ballot.

2-7 Advance Notice of Stockholder Nominations and Proposals.

(a)            Annual Meetings. At a meeting of the stockholders, only such nominations of persons for the election of directors and such other business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, nominations or such other business must be:

(i)              specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof;

(ii)            otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof; or

(iii)           otherwise properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record of the Corporation at the time such notice of meeting is delivered, who is entitled to vote at the meeting, and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2-7.

In addition, any proposal of business (other than the nomination of persons for election to the Board of Directors) must be a proper matter for stockholder action. For business (including, but not limited to, director nominations) to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to Section 2-7(a)(iii), the stockholder or stockholders of record intending to propose the business (the “Proposing Stockholder”) must have given timely notice thereof pursuant to this Section 2-7(a) in writing to the secretary of the Corporation even if such matter is already the subject of any notice to the stockholders or Public Disclosure from the Board of Directors. To be timely, a Proposing Stockholder’s notice for an annual meeting must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation: (x) not later than the close of business on the 120th day, nor earlier than the close of business on the 150th day in advance of the anniversary of the previous year’s annual meeting if such meeting is to be held on a day which is not more than 30 days in advance of the anniversary of the previous year’s annual meeting or not later than 60 days after the anniversary of the previous year’s annual meeting; and (y) with respect to any other annual meeting of stockholders, including in the event that no annual meeting was held in the previous year, not earlier than the close of business on the 150th day prior to the annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of: (1) the 120th day prior to the annual meeting and (2) the close of business on the tenth day following the first date of Public Disclosure of the date of such meeting. In no event shall the Public Disclosure of an adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new notice time period (or extend any notice time period).

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(b)            Stockholder Nominations. For the nomination of any person or persons for election to the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 2-7(a)(iii) or Section 2-7(d), a Proposing Stockholder’s timely notice to the secretary of the Corporation (in accordance with the time periods for delivery of timely notice as set forth in this Section 2-7) shall set forth or include:

(i)              the name, age, business address, and residence address of each nominee proposed in such notice;

(ii)             the principal occupation or employment of each such nominee;

(iii)            the class and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation which are owned of record and beneficially by each such nominee (if any);

(iv)            such other information concerning each such nominee as would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement soliciting proxies for the election of such nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved) or that is otherwise required to be disclosed, under Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (“Exchange Act”);

(v)             a written questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such proposed nominee (which questionnaire shall be provided by the secretary of the Corporation upon written request) and a written statement and agreement executed by each such nominee acknowledging that such person:

(A)             consents to being named in the Corporation’s proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected,

(B)              intends to serve as a director for the full term for which such person is standing for election, and

(C)              makes the following representations: (1) that the director nominee has read and agrees to adhere to the Corporation’s Code of Ethics, Related Party Transactions Policy, and any other of the Corporation’s policies or guidelines applicable to directors, and (2) that the director nominee is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement, or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any nomination or other business proposal, issue, or question (a “Voting Commitment”) that has not be disclosed to the Corporation or any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such person’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, and (3) that the director nominee is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement, or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement, or indemnification in connection with such person’s nomination for director or service as a director that has not been disclosed to the Corporation; and

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(vi)           as to the Proposing Stockholder:

(A)             the name and address of the Proposing Stockholder as they appear on the Corporation’s books and of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made,

(B)              the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are owned by the Proposing Stockholder (beneficially and of record) and owned by the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made, as of the date of the Proposing Stockholder’s notice, and a representation that the Proposing Stockholder will notify the Corporation in writing of the class and number of such shares owned of record and beneficially as of the record date for the meeting within five business days after the record date for such meeting,

(C)              a description of any agreement, arrangement, or understanding with respect to such nomination between or among the Proposing Stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made and any of their affiliates or associates, and any others (including their names) acting in concert with any of the foregoing, and a representation that the Proposing Stockholder will notify the Corporation in writing of any such agreement, arrangement, or understanding in effect as of the record date for the meeting within five business days after the record date for such meeting,

(D)             a description of any agreement, arrangement, or understanding (including any derivative or short positions, profit interests, options, hedging transactions, and borrowed or loaned shares) that has been entered into as of the date of the Proposing Stockholder’s notice by, or on behalf of, the Proposing Stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is being made and any of their affiliates or associates, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of such person or any of their affiliates or associates with respect to shares of stock of the Corporation, and a representation that the Proposing Stockholder will notify the Corporation in writing of any such agreement, arrangement, or understanding in effect as of the record date for the meeting within five business days after the record date for such meeting,

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(E)              a representation that the Proposing Stockholder is a holder of record of shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the person or persons specified in the notice,

(F)              a representation whether the Proposing Stockholder intends to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation’s outstanding capital stock required to approve the nomination and/or otherwise to solicit proxies from stockholders in support of the nomination, and

(G)             the names and addresses of other stockholders (including beneficial and record owners) known by the Proposing Stockholder to support the nomination or other business proposal, and to the extent known, the class and number of all shares of the Corporation’s capital stock owned beneficially or of record by such other stockholders.

The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as it may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director of the Corporation or that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee.

(c)            Other Stockholder Proposals. For all business other than director nominations, a Proposing Stockholder’s timely notice to the secretary of the Corporation (in accordance with the time periods for delivery of timely notice as set forth in this Section 2-7) shall set forth as to each matter the Proposing Stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting:

(i)               a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting;

(ii)             the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting;

(iii)            the text of any proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend these By-Laws, the language of the proposed amendment);

(iv)            any substantial interest (within the meaning of Item 5 of Schedule 14A under the Exchange Act) in such business of such stockholder and the beneficial owner (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act), if any, on whose behalf the business is being proposed;

(v)             any other information relating to such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is being made, required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for the proposal and pursuant to and in accordance with Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder;

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(vi)            a description of all agreements, arrangements, or understandings between or among such stockholder, the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is being made, any of their affiliates or associates, and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business and any material interest of such stockholder, beneficial owner, or any of their affiliates or associates, in such business, including any anticipated benefit therefrom to such stockholder, beneficial owner, or their affiliates or associates; and

(vii)           all of the other information required by Section 2-7(b)(vi) above.

(d)           Special Meetings of Stockholders. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders called by the Board of Directors at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting:

(i)               by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof; or

(ii)              provided that the Board of Directors has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time the notice provided for in this Section 2-7 is delivered to the secretary of the Corporation, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and upon such election, and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2-7.

In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, any such stockholder entitled to vote in such election of directors may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting, if such stockholder delivers a stockholder’s notice that complies with the requirements of Section 2-7(b) to the secretary of the Corporation at its principal executive offices not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of: (x) the 90th day prior to such special meeting; or (y) the tenth (10th) day following the first date of Public Disclosure of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall the Public Disclosure of an adjournment or postponement of a special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any notice time period).

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(e)            Effect of Noncompliance. Only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2-7 shall be eligible to be elected at any meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to serve as directors and only such other business shall be conducted at a meeting as shall be properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2-7. The chairman of the special meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2-7. If any proposed nomination was not made or proposed in compliance with this Section 2-7 or other business was not made or proposed in compliance with this Section 2-7, then except as otherwise provided by law, the chairman of the meeting shall have the power and duty to declare that such nomination shall be disregarded or that such proposed other business shall not be transacted. Notwithstanding anything in these By-laws to the contrary, unless otherwise required by law, if a Proposing Stockholder intending to propose business or make nominations at an annual meeting or propose a nomination at a special meeting pursuant to this Section 2-7 does not provide the information required under this Section 2-7 to the Corporation, including the updated information required by Section 2-7(b)(vi)(B), Section 2-7(b)(vi)(C) and Section 2-7(b)(vi)(D) within five business days after the record date for such meeting, or the Proposing Stockholder (or a qualified representative of the Proposing Stockholder) does not appear at the meeting to present the proposed business or nominations, such business or nominations shall not be considered, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such business or nominations may have been received by the Corporation.

(f)            Rule 14a-8. This Section 2-7shall not apply to a proposal proposed to be made by a stockholder if the stockholder has notified the Corporation of the stockholder’s intention to present the proposal at an annual or special meeting only pursuant to and in compliance with Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act and such proposal has been included in a proxy statement that has been prepared by the Corporation to solicit proxies for such meeting.

(g)           Definition of Public Disclosure. For purposes of this Section 2-7, “Public Disclosure” means a disclosure made in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Services, The Associated Press, or a comparable national news service or in a document filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

ARTICLE 3        BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Section 3-1.           Number. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by a Board of not less than three (3) nor more than nine (9) Directors, unless all of the Corporation’s issued and outstanding shares are owned by less than three persons, in which event the number of Directors need not exceed, but shall not be less than, the number of shareholders. The number of Directors to be elected at each Annual Meeting of Shareholders shall be fixed by the Board of Directors.

Section 3-2.           Place of Meeting. Meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such place within the State of Delaware or elsewhere as a majority of the Directors may from time to time designate or as may be designated in the notice calling the meeting. Meetings of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof may be held by means of telephone conference or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other and be heard. Participation by a director in a meeting pursuant to the preceding sentence shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

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Section 3-3.           Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such times and at such places as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.

Section 3-4.           Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such times and at such places as may be determined by the Chair of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer on at least 24 hours' notice to each director given by one of the means specified in Section 3-5 hereof other than by mail or on at least three days' notice if given by mail. Special meetings shall be called by the Chair of the Board in like manner and on like notice on the written request of any two or more directors. The notice need not state the purposes of the special meeting and, unless indicated in the notice thereof, any and all business may be transacted at a special meeting.

Section 3-5.           Notices of Meetings of Board of Directors. Whenever notice is required to be given to any director by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws, such notice shall be deemed given effectively if given in person or by telephone, mail addressed to such director at such director's address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, facsimile, email, or by other means of electronic transmission.

Section 3-6.           Waiver of Notice. Whenever notice to directors is required by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws, a waiver thereof, in writing signed by, or by electronic transmission by, the director entitled to the notice, whether before or after such notice is required, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance by a director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting except when the director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting was not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special Board of Directors or committee meeting need be specified in any waiver of notice.

Section 3-7.           Organization. At each regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors, the Chair of the Board or, in his or her absence, another director selected by the Board of Directors shall preside. The Secretary shall act as secretary at each meeting of the Board of Directors. If the Secretary is absent from any meeting of the Board of Directors, an assistant secretary of the Corporation shall perform the duties of secretary at such meeting; and in the absence from any such meeting of the Secretary and all assistant secretaries of the Corporation, the person presiding at the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

Section 3-8.           Chair of the Board. The Board of Directors shall annually elect one of its members to be its chair (the "Chair of the Board") and shall fill any vacancy in the position of Chair of the Board at such time and in such manner as the Board of Directors shall determine. Except as otherwise provided in these by-laws, the Chair of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of stockholders. The Chair of the Board shall perform such other duties and services as shall be assigned to or required of the Chair of the Board by the Board of Directors.

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Section 3-9.           Quorum. Except as otherwise provided in these by-laws, the presence of one-half of the total number of Directors on the Board of Directors shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the vote of a majority of the Directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act, of the Board of Directors. If there be less than a quorum present, a majority of those present may adjourn the meeting from time to time and place to place and shall cause notice of each such adjourned meeting to be given to all absent Directors.

Section 3-10.         Action by Majority Vote; Directors’ Action Without Meeting. Except as otherwise provided by these by-laws, the Certificate of Incorporation, or required by applicable law, the vote of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all directors or members of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and any consent may be documented, signed, and delivered in any manner permitted by Section 116 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. After an action is taken, the consent or consents relating thereto shall be filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee in accordance with applicable law.

Section 3-11.         Powers.

(a)           General Powers. The Board of Directors shall have all powers necessary or appropriate to the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and, in addition to the power and authority conferred by these by-laws, may exercise all powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute, these by-laws or the Certificate of Incorporation directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

(b)           Specific Powers. Without limiting the general powers conferred by the last preceding clause and the powers conferred by the Certificate of Incorporation and by-laws of the Corporation, it is hereby expressly declared that the Board of Directors shall have the following powers:

(1)               To confer upon any officer or officers of the Corporation the power to choose, remove or suspend assistant officers, agents or servants.

(2)               To appoint any person, firm or corporation to accept and hold in trust for the Corporation any property belonging to the Corporation or in which it is interested, and to authorize any such person, firm or corporation to execute any documents and perform any duties that may be requisite in relation to any such trust.

(3)               To appoint a person or persons to vote shares of another corporation held and owned by the Corporation.

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(4)               To fix the place, if any, time and. purpose of meetings of stockholders.

(5)               To purchase or otherwise acquire for the Corporation any property, rights or privileges which the Corporation is authorized to acquire, at such prices, on such terms and conditions and for such consideration as it shall from time to time see fit, and, at its discretion, to pay for any property or rights acquired by the Corporation, either wholly or partly in money or in stocks, bonds, debentures or other securities of the Corporation.

(6)               To create, make and issue mortgages, bonds, deeds of trust, trust agreements and negotiable or transferable instruments and securities, secured by mortgage or otherwise, and to do every other act and thing necessary to effectuate the same.

(7)               To appoint and remove or suspend such subordinate officers, agents or servants, permanently or temporarily, as it may from time to time think fit, and to determine their duties, and fix, and from time to time change, their salaries or emoluments, and to require security in such instances and in such amounts as it thinks fit.

(8)               To determine who shall be authorized on the Corporation’s behalf to sign bills, notes, receipts, acceptances, endorsements, checks, releases, contracts and documents.

Section 3-12.      Compensation of Directors. Compensation of Directors and reimbursement of their expenses incurred in connection with the business of the Corporation, if any, shall be as determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors.

Section 3-13.      Removal of Directors by Stockholders. The entire Board of Directors or any individual Director may be removed from office without assigning any cause by a majority vote of the holders of the outstanding shares entitled to vote. In case the Board of Directors or any one or more Directors be so removed, new Directors may be elected at the same time.

Section 3-14.      Resignations. Any Director may resign at any time by notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the date of receipt of such notice by the Corporation or such later effective date or upon the happening of an event or events as therein specified. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be required to make it effective. A verbal resignation shall not be deemed effective until confirmed by the director in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation.

Section 3-15.      Vacancies. Vacancies in the Board of Directors, including vacancies resulting from an increase in the number of Directors, shall be filled by a majority of the Directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining Director, and each person so elected shall be a Director until a successor is elected and qualified or the earlier of such director’s death, resignation or removal.

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Section 3-16.      Committees of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. If a member of a committee shall be absent from any meeting, or disqualified from voting, the remaining member or members present at the meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent permitted by applicable law, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it to the extent so authorized by the Board of Directors. Unless the Board of Directors provides otherwise, at all meetings of such committee, a majority of the then authorized members of the committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the vote of a majority of the members of the committee present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the committee. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings. Unless the Board of Directors provides otherwise, each committee designated by the Board of Directors may make, alter and repeal rules and procedures for the conduct of its business. In the absence of such rules and procedures each committee shall conduct its business in the same manner as the Board of Directors conducts its business pursuant to this Article 3.

ARTICLE 4        OFFICERS

Section 4-1.          Election and Office. The officers of the Corporation shall be chosen by the Board of Directors and shall include a Chief Executive Officer, a Secretary and a Treasurer. The Board of Directors, in its discretion, may also elect a President, one or more vice presidents, assistant treasurers, assistant secretaries, and other officers in accordance with these by-laws. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

Section 4-2.          Term. Each officer of the Corporation shall hold office until such officer's successor is elected and qualified or until such officer's earlier death, resignation, or removal. Any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed by the Board of Directors at any time with or without cause by the majority vote of the members of the Board of Directors then in office. The removal of an officer shall be without prejudice to his or her contract rights, if any. The election or appointment of an officer shall not of itself create contract rights. Any officer of the Corporation may resign at any time by giving notice of his or her resignation in writing, or by electronic transmission, to the President or the Secretary. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein or, if the time when it shall become effective shall not be specified therein, immediately upon its receipt. Unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Should any vacancy occur among the officers, the position shall be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by appointment made by the Board of Directors.

Section 4-3.          Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer shall, subject to the provisions of these by-laws and the control of the Board of Directors, have general supervision, direction, and control over the business of the Corporation and over its officers. The Chief Executive Officer shall perform all duties incident to the office of the Chief Executive Officer, and any other duties as may be from time to time assigned to the Chief Executive Officer by the Board of Directors, in each case subject to the control of the Board of Directors.

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Section 4-4.          President. The President shall report and be responsible to the Chief Executive Officer. The President shall have such powers and perform such duties as from time to time may be assigned or delegated to the President by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer or that are incident to the office of president.

Section 4-5.          Secretary. Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, the Secretary shall record all proceedings of the meetings of the Corporation, the Board of Directors and all committees, in books to be kept for that purpose, and shall attend to the giving and serving of all notices for the Corporation. He or she shall have charge of the corporate seal, the certificate books, transfer books and stock ledgers, and such other books and papers as the Board of Directors may direct. He or she shall perform all other duties ordinarily incident to the office of Secretary and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors.

Section 4-6.          Treasurer. The treasurer of the Corporation shall have the custody of the Corporation's funds and securities, except as otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in records belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the Chief Executive Officer and the directors, at the regular meetings of the Board of Directors, or whenever they may require it, an account of all his or her transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation.

Section 4-7.          Other Officers. Such other officers as the Board of Directors may choose shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may delegate to any other officer of the Corporation the power to choose such other officers and to prescribe their respective duties and powers.

Section 4-8.          Delegation of Office. The Board of Directors may delegate the powers or duties of any officer of the Corporation to any other officer or to any Director from time to time.

Section 4-9.          Vacancies. The Board of Directors shall have the power to fill any vacancies in any office occurring from whatever reason.

Section 4-10.      Resignations. Any officer may resign at any time by submitting his or her written resignation to the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time of its receipt by the Corporation, unless another time be fixed in the resignation, in which case it shall become effective at the time so fixed. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be required to make it effective.

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ARTICLE 5        CAPITAL STOCK

Section 5-1.          Stock Certificates. The capital stock of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the Board of Directors of the Corporation may, subject to the limits imposed by law, provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of the stock of the Corporation shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation. If shares are represented by certificates, such certificates shall be in the form, other than bearer form, approved by the Board of Directors. The certificates representing shares of stock shall be signed by, or in the name of, the Corporation by any two authorized officers of the Corporation. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

Section 5-2.          Determination of Stockholders of Record. The Board of Directors may fix in advance a record date to determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend, or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action. Such date shall be not more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of any such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held, and the record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

Section 5-3.          Transfer of Shares. Transfer of shares shall be made on the books of the Corporation only upon receipt by the Corporation or its transfer agent of appropriate documents evidencing such transfer and, in the case of stock represented by a certificate, upon surrender of the share certificate, duly endorsed and otherwise in proper form for transfer, which certificate shall be cancelled at the time of the transfer. No transfer of shares shall be made on the books of this Corporation if such transfer is in violation of a lawful restriction noted conspicuously on the certificate.

Section 5-4.          Lost Share Certificates. Unless waived in whole or in part by the Board of Directors from time to time, any person requesting the issuance of a new certificate or uncertificated shares in lieu of an alleged lost, destroyed, mislaid or wrongfully taken certificate, shall (1) make an affidavit or affirmation of the facts and circumstances surrounding the same; (2) advertise such facts to the extent and in the manner the Board of Directors may require; and (3) give to the Corporation a bond of indemnity with an acceptable surety. Thereupon a new share certificate or uncertificated shares shall be issued in lieu of the alleged lost, destroyed, mislaid or wrongfully taken certificate, provided that the request therefore has been made before the Corporation has notice that such shares have been acquired by a bona fide purchaser.

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ARTICLE 6        INDEMNIFICATION

Section 6-1.          Right to Indemnification. Each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (“Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person of whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan, whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a director, officer, employee or agent or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer, employee or agent, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same exists or hereafter may be amended (but, in the case of any amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than said Law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment) against all expenses, liability and loss (including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith. Such right shall include the right to be paid by the Corporation expenses incurred in defending any such Proceeding in advance of its final disposition; provided, however, that the payment of such expenses incurred by a director or officer in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such person while a director or officer, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) in advance of the final disposition of such Proceeding, shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such director or officer, to repay all amounts so advanced if it should be determined ultimately that such director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified under this section or otherwise.

Section 6-2.          Right of Claimant to Bring Suit. If a claim under Section 6-1 of this ARTICLE 6 is not paid in full by the Corporation within 90 days after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, the claimant may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and, if successful in whole or in part, the claimant shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting such claim. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending a Proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking has been tendered to the Corporation) that the claimant has not met the standard of conduct which makes it permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) that the claimant had not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that the claimant had not met the applicable standard of conduct.

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Section 6-3.          Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The rights conferred on a person by Section 6-1 and Section 6-2 of this ARTICLE 6 shall not be exclusive of any other right which such person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, By-Laws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested Directors or otherwise.

Section 6-4.          Insurance. The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any such director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or another corporation, partnership, trust or other enterprise against any such expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the Delaware General Corporation Law.

ARTICLE 7        SEAL

Section 7-1.          The form of the seal of the Corporation, called the corporate seal of the Corporation, shall be as impressed adjacent hereto. (Form of Seal)

ARTICLE 8        FISCAL YEAR

Section 8-1.          The Board of Directors shall have the power by resolution to fix the fiscal year of the Corporation. If the Board of Directors shall fail to do so, the President shall fix the fiscal year.

ARTICLE 9        AMENDMENTS

Section 9-1.          These by-laws may be altered or repealed or new by-laws adopted (a) by the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, by a majority of those voting, at any regular or special meeting, or (b) if the Certificate of Incorporation so provides, by the Board of Directors, by a majority of those voting, at any regular or special meeting.

ARTICLE 10    INTERPRETATION OF BY-LAWS

Section 10-1.      All words, terms and provisions of these by-laws shall be interpreted and defined by and in accordance with the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended, and as amended from time to time hereafter.

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